Дисертації з теми "Modèle de flux de trésorerie"
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Abécassis, Philippe. "Les comportements de gestion de trésorerie des collectivités territoriales- recherche d'un modèle." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100002.
Повний текст джерелаNumerous legal constraints imposed on local communities, who are according to legislation guaranty of the good functioning of public administration, are often judged too strict and perceived as a hindrance to efficiently of local public activity. Despite an increasing number of cash balance management techniques available to and applied by the bigger communities, the total level of deposits in the public treasury does not seem to decrease in a important way. A statistical analysis on the total of these community budgets shows the existence of a double function of cash balance. This one serves not only as a budgetary tool allowing local administrations to assure continuous community activities and works out also as a economic policy tool to permit elected officials to reduce the local tax charge and to increase investment as election time nears. The models developed, based on the hypothesis of the rationality of the behavior of local communities; show however that the importance of the political role of cash balance is proportionally to the size of investment section in the budget. Three types of behavior have finally appeared: whereas all public communities, seek to reduce cash balance costs and use business management techniques, the behavior of the smallest ones is similar to that of households, and the behavior of the bigger ones is similar to a central state where economic stability is as important as daily cash balance management
Elouafa, Khalid. "La publication volontaire des flux de trésorerie par les dirigeants : incitations et conséquences sur la valeur de la firme." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/126275416#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Повний текст джерелаThis research aims to explain the behavior of firm managers as to the voluntary disclosure of cash flows in a French context as well as to evaluate the impact of such disclosures on the value of firms. We first attempted to account for managers' behaviors by referring to the firm's founding theories, i. E. Agency theory, transaction cost theory and stakeholders theory. However, these theories imply that firm managers have but a passive role; in this respect, it therefore seemed more appropriate to analyse the problem focusing on the entrenchment theory and signal theory, which, by contrast, cast managers in a more active and strategic role. We also carried out an empirical study in order to account for voluntary cash flow disclosure in interim reporting within the French market. Thus, we supposed that incentives to publish such information may be explained by factors related to firm structure, its audit, performance and governance. Our results –examining 122 companies over the [1996-2004] period– show that variables such as size, losses, internationally renowned audits and the ratio of independent directors do play a part in the voluntary disclosure of cash flow policy. In addition, the study of managers' behaviors as to the deliberate publication of cash flows cannot be fully grasped without acknowledging the impact of such a disclosure on the value of the firm, in other words, without taking into consideration the behaviors of the main users of the accounting information, to wit, investors. Thus, our purpose was to analyse the information content of cash flows compared to other accounting measurements, more specifically funds from operations and net earnings, within the efficient market hypothesis. We have studied accounting data published by companies listed on the SBF 120 index of Paris Euronext, and shown that cash flows do add incremental information to that provided about funds from operations and earnings. Additionally, they offer predictive capacity for future cash flows. Thus do cash flows constitute a reliable and relevant piece of information in the evaluation of firm performance, hence their interest for investors
Gab-Leyba, Guy dabi. "Essais sur l'efficience et la fiscalité pétrolière dans les pays en développement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAD027.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to highlight the determinants of the efficiency of public policies in developing countries. The results show that countries with natural resources and in fragile situations tend to have less efficient public spending on primary education. The results also reveal that the increase in the share of health expenditure in total household expenditure, the poverty incidence rate, the literacy rate and the location in areas considered as isolated reduce the efficiency of health structures. Conversely, the increase in the incidence rate of malaria and the prevalence rate of malnutrition improve the efficiency of health structures. Regarding the efficiency of credit institutions, the results highlight an improvement in the efficiency score over the period 2000-2015 despite the fact that on average, the efficiency of banks in the CEMAC zone is around 33%. Estimates also show that a large size and high liquidity improve the technical efficiency of credit institutions while an increase in banking risk reduces it. Finally, the assessment of petroleum tax regimes in force in Chad reveals that production sharing contracts allow to Government to capture a higher share of oil rent compared to contracts based on the concession system. In addition, contracts based on production sharing have the characteristic of being progressive. These results have implications for economic policy. Thus, developing countries should give priority to improving the quality of social spending by promoting transparency and good governance in the implementation of development projects and publics policy. In particular, in the health sector, there is an urgent need to improve the quality of health personnel and better programming of operating expenditure aimed at making health infrastructures operational. Then, to increase the profitability of the banks in the countries of the CEMAC zone, it would be advisable to diversify the structures beneficiary of the credits and to implement reforms aiming at improving the business environment. Finally, the Chadian Government should reactivate a counter-cyclical policy in order to guard against fluctuations in oil revenues
Hafrad, Idir. "Déséquilibres globaux et ajustements : modèle multinational en stock-flux cohérent." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD026.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims to study the global imbalances with an empirical multinational stock-flow consistent model. The last financial crisis, which was followed by a global economic crisis, has reconfigured the evolution of many macroeconomic variables. Global imbalances have strongly resorbed and this continuing adjustment results mainly from cyclical macroeconomic factors, due to the collapse in demand. Given the major changes in the recent years, we analyze in our research growth prospects in the United States, in China and Europe in the case of the continuation of current economic policies, over the period running up to 2030. For that purpose, we first use the C.A.M model developed by F. Cripps. We then estimate our own five bloc multinational model. We focus on analyzing the evolution of global imbalances, the economic growth and the exchange rate. The baseline scenario projections of our multinational model, in the case of the continuation of the current economic policies, show that the adjustment of the external imbalances is maintained at the cost of internal imbalances
Laurent, Emmanuel. "Optimisation de la gestion de trésorerie de l'Agence Centrale des Organismes de Sécurité Sociale par la modélisation économétrique de très court terme des flux financiers." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090058.
Повний текст джерелаGarcon, Manuel. "Analyse Mathématique de quelques modèles de flux migratoire avec probabilité de migration endogène." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AGUY0704/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we study some migration models from a mathematical point of view. We are interested by the country of origin of migrant as well as in his host country.More precisely, we study the models where the probability of migration of individuals depends on their human capital (essentially education). There are two important cases to be distinguished : the case where individuals migrate with thehuman capital inherited from their parents and the more difficult case -since it is generally a multivalued case- where the individuals migrate with the human capital they will obtain in the future.In the first case, we obtain some results similar to the ones found in literature. Moreover, we study the case of non constant populations and we propose other models. In the second case, where the individuals can migrate following the human capital they will have in the future, we obtain different selection mechanisms for which the human capital converges to a unique value at each time
Frackowiak, Sylvie. "La micronucléation induite : définition d'un modèle cellulaire micronuclée pour l'étude du génome interphasique." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX22042.
Повний текст джерелаFirmin, Célia. "Financiarisation, répartition et croissance. Quelques faits stylisés à l'épreuve d'un modèle stock-flux." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00289304.
Повний текст джерелаMarchand, Mathieu. "Flux financiers et endettement de l'État : simulations par modèle d'équilibre général calculable (MEGC)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24520/24520.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаYessad, Karim. "Effets de résolution dans le modèle PERIDOT : analyse diagnostique par divergences de flux." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30120.
Повний текст джерелаAloui, Faten. "Photopolymérisation de formulations composites : étude de l’évolution des propriétés optiques." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAM0001/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to study optical properties of loaded formulations and their variation during photopolymerization. This study is accentuated on light scattering phenomenon which is caused by presence of fillers having refractive index different from that of the organic matrix. Using real time monitoring of photopolymerization kinetics by IR spectroscopy and by refractometry, refractive index-conversion relationships are determined for unloaded systems of different compositions and at different temperatures and radiation intensities. Studying loaded formulations shows that light scattering is even less so pronounced as the difference in refractive index between fillers and matrix is lower and as the particle size is larger. Modeling based on four-flux theory was used to describe radiation evolution in terms of sample thickness in order to optimize the most appropriate operating procedure of the desired material
Fiévet, Julie. "Variabilité du protéome enzymatique et contrôle métabolique : vers un modèle biochimique de l'hétérosis." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112036.
Повний текст джерелаDescribed for more than two centuries, and largely used by breeders, heterosis remains a poorly understood phenomenon. In order to study its biochemical bases, we relied on an explanation of dominance derived from metabolic control theory, in which the relationship between the activity of one enzyme and the flux trough the pathway is hyperbolic. The purpose of my Thesis was to generalise this approach, by taking into account several enzymes, and considering a global constraint on the total enzyme content of the pathway. First I showed by simulation that the flux of hybrids could display heterosis, and then I tested experimentally the validity of this prediction. I reconstituted in vitro the upper part of glycolysis, and "mimicked" the genetic variability by varying the concentrations of enzymes. Each tube corresponded to a "parental" genotype, and the glycolytic flux to phenotype. Mixing the content of parental tubes generated "hybrids". This system allowed me to propose a method to characterize systemic enzyme activities, and to deduce the optimum distribution of enzyme concentrations. On the other hand, it fully confirmed the biochemical model for heterosis, which integrated both dominance and overdominance genetic models. The last part of my Thesis focused on simulations of glycolytic flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The kinetic parameters of the model had been estimated in vivo, and I have estimated the concentrations of the enzymes by quantitative proteomics. Thus, I have simulated a large number of crosses, and showed that the results on an actual pathway are consistent with the results obtained in vitro
Holler, Samuel. "Pilotage et optimisation des flux d'approvisionnement d'un atelier de montage automobile." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ECAP0862.
Повний текст джерелаObjois, Matthieu. "Langages de requêtes temporels, extraction de connaissances temporelles et application aux flux de données." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112092.
Повний текст джерелаA temporal database can be seen as a finite sequence of classical relational databases. Within this framework, we first consider an open problem concerning the relative expressive power of some known temporal query languages: mu-TL (Vardi, 1988) on the one hand, and T-FIXPOINT and T-WHILE (Abiteboul et al. , 1999) on the other hand. We prove that these languages are equivalent over most temporal databases. On the basis that known temporal query languages do not allow to extract temporal information, we then introduce and define query languages able to extract such information, and we analyse their properties. Finally, we consider data streams. In the literature, two paradigms have been introduced to continuously query streams: the single-data approach and the window approach. We formalize both paradigms by the way of Turing-like state machines, and we show that the machines have the same expressive power, under some hypothesis
Brahic, N. "MECANISMES DE REMONTEE CAPILLAIRE EN NAPPE SUPERFICIELLE - Analyse des hypothèses du modèle de flux limite." Phd thesis, Institut national agronomique paris-grignon - INA P-G, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00717750.
Повний текст джерелаDaviaud, Sonia. "Caractérisation énergétique et spectroscopique d'une décharge microonde d'hélium en flux." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112142.
Повний текст джерелаHusson, Bérengère. "Fonctionnement et dynamique des écosystèmes hydrothermaux : vers un premier modèle." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0008/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn nearly forty years of research, significant insights have been gained on vent field geology, on the chemistry of emitted fluid and on the ecology of the communities inhabiting hydrothermal ecosystems. The fauna forms dense assemblages, distributed along the hydrothermal fluid/sea water mixing gradient, and visually dominated only by a few species. The high spatio-temporal variability of the hydrothermal fluid has a strong influence on species distribution. However, the mechanisms determining the species response to this variability is still poorly understood. In order to investigate this issue, a modelling approach is presented. Data collected for more than 20 years on the Eiffel Tower edifice, on the Lucky Strike vent filed (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) were integrated in order to identify meaningful elements for our problem. An integrative study of the faunal biomasses on the edifice showed that these are dominated by the mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus. This bivalve is likely to have a significant influence on the ecosystem functioning and is thus the object of a first model. The search for data to constrain it led to the measurement of in situ metabolic rates. Once parametrized, the model provided quantitative estimates of unknown fluxes. The simulation of hydrothermal flow interruption provided some insights on the mussel biomass response to its environment variability
Portelli, Geoffrey. "Le pilotage visuel chez l'abeille : expériences et modèle." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1641/.
Повний текст джерелаWhen an insect flies in its environment, the image of the surrounding objects moves on its retina. Several studies have shown that this angular movement, called "optic flow", plays a major role in the insect flight control. Flying insects seem to maintain the perceived optic flow at a prefered value, which makes them choose a "safe" position and a "safe" speed. We first designed a model based on the "optic flow regulation principle" recently proposed at our laboratory, which can account for observations and results previously shown on insects. We then performed behavioral experiments using free flying bees in controlled environments, which aimed at refuting the proposed model. Our results show a direct link between the ventral optic flow and the flight height. They also show that the honeybee is sensitive to the dorsal optic flow and that the honeybee can adjust its speed according to the cluttering of the environment in both the vertical and horizontal planes. All these results support the proposed model. The results of a last experiment suggest, however, that beyond the "reflex" part of the flight control system, a learning process may play a role and modulate the flight behavior. This last point requires that a learning process be incorporated into the model. This thesis for the first time proposes an explicit and functional scheme based on optic flow, describing the principles involved in the 3D flight control system of an insect. This model suggests new behavioral experiments liable to fault it. Because this model is explicit, it may be directly implemented onboard aerial or spatial robots
Trabelsi, Mahmoud. "L'analyse financière par les flux : du modèle positif à l'approche normative : fondements théoriques et prolongements empiriques." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE0003.
Повний текст джерелаLeprêtre, Florian. "Méta-modélisation, simulation et optimisation de flux urbains." Thesis, Littoral, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03178850.
Повний текст джерелаThe efficient design and planning of urban infrastructure is a key issue for urban planning experts who want to achieve reliable and sustainable mobility for city dwellers. Ever-changing cities and changing population habits prompt urban planners to constantly reinvent their use of urban space in order to contribute to the fluidity of travel and passenger safety, while limiting the environmental impacts of traffic flows. Numerous optimization methods can be used to solve a variety of problems associated with urban mobility issues, such as optimizing traffic light settings, designing reliable road networks or optimizing the planning of a publix transit system. However, these methods are generally designed and parameterized for the study of very specific urban spaces, and seem difficult to generalize to other cities in the world for mobility optimization. Therefore, this paper introduces a methodology for modeling, simulation and optimization of urban flows. The reported work proposes a rigorous analysis of the intrinsic characteristics of urban mobility optimization problems, in order to achieve a better understanding of these challenges, and to enable the design of robust and efficient optimization algorithms. Finally, the work reported in this thesis aims to stimulate reflection on mobility problems, based on the views of urban planners and optimization experts, in order to achieve optimal and sustainable urban mobility
Casado, Lopez Alberto. "Simulation du climat en Méditerranée dans un modèle couplé régional." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066699.
Повний текст джерелаColas, Francis. "Perception des objets en mouvement : Composition bayésienne du flux optique et du mouvement de l'observateur." Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0003.
Повний текст джерелаPerception can be seen as collecting and confronting various pieces of information in order to understand the environment. One uses many semsory modalities each one consisting of many kind of information. One of these is the optic flow, the displacement of the projected image on the retina. Optic flow allows for the extraction of part of the geometry of the observed scene. However, it is a very complex problem due to its inverse, ill-posed and uncertain nature. These issues can be dealt with using the Bayesian programming formalism. It is based on the probabilities, to handle uncertainty and the ill-posed problem, and on Bayes rule, to solve the inversion. We propose a Bayesian model of the perception of planes from optic flow based on few explicit assumptions. These assumptions are mainly the rigidity, which assumes the observation of a rigid plane is more probable than of a collection of independently-moving points, and the stationarity, which assumes the motion of the plane is more probably small. We validate our model using five experiments from the literature. For each one, we explain in details the inner workings of our model and the assumptions conditionning a good reproduction of the experimental results. Finally, we show how to adapt our model to an experiment of perception of a corrgated surface by optic flow. We also present a Bayesian model to generate the input of our perception model and generalise the integration of our model into a more complete system
Offner, Anne. "Modélisation systémique de la digestion dans le rumen : comparaison des modèles existants, modélisation des flux d'amidon, approche thermodynamique des fermentations." Phd thesis, INAPG (AgroParisTech), 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000448.
Повний текст джерелаLesueur, Patrick. "Les vasières de la plate-forme Ouest-Gironde (France) : modèle faciologique et archive sédimentaire des flux côtiers." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10600.
Повний текст джерелаKuppel, Sylvain. "Assimilation de mesures de flux turbulents d'eau et de carbone dans un modèle de la biosphère continentale." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS0041.
Повний текст джерелаAssimilating terrestrial ecosystem data is an approach increasingly used to fill the gap between experimental observations and the ecophysiological theory as embodied in process-based land surface models. In this thesis, we have sought to use the information content of eddy covariance measurements of net carbon dioxide (NEE) and latent heat (LE) fluxes made at the sites of the FLUXNET global network, aiming at optimizing key parameters of the ORCHIDEE vegetation model and at refining the uncertainty budget. A Bayesian statistical approach has been chosen, so as to account for prior knowledge of the uncertainties related to the model parameters, the model equations, and the measurements. The major line of work has been to develop a data assimilation method where observations from several flux sites are simultaneously used as a constraint, in order to optimize a unique set of parameters considered as generic within a given class of ecosystem. We found that this multi-site approach significantly improves the model-data agreement at seasonal and annual time scales, with performances fairly similar to those brought by site-scaled, independently optimized parameters (single-site approach). We notably discuss the fact that the multi-site parameters’ values are not always a mere average of their single-site counterparts. Making use complementary data, we also evaluated the ability of the multi-site optimizations to improve the simulation of the gross carbon fluxes (photosynthesis and respiration) at the site scale, while at the global scale we considered the modeled phenology of the leaf cover and the seasonal cycle of the atmospheric CO2 concentration. Within our methodological developments, we have also proposed a technique to infer the statistical structure of the error stemming from inadequate and/or missing process representations in a global vegetation model such as ORCHIDEE. Focusing on net carbon fluxes, our results suggest that this « model error » deserves an explicit representation in the uncertainty budget inherent to carbon cycle modeling
Ben, Ayed Yassine. "Détection de mots clés dans un flux de parole." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005753.
Повний текст джерелаLe travail que nous présentons dans ce manuscrit s'inscrit dans le cadre de la détection de mots clés dans un flux de parole. Tout d'abord, nous proposons de nouveaux modèles ``poubelles'' fondés sur la modélisation des mots hors-vocabulaire. Puis nous introduisons la reconnaissance à base de boucle de phonèmes, dans laquelle nous appliquons différentes fonctions de récompense favorisant la reconnaissance des mots clés.
Ensuite nous proposons l'utilisation des mesures de confiance afin de pouvoir prendre la décision de rejeter ou d'accepter un mot clé hypothèse. Les différentes mesures de confiance proposées sont basées sur la probabilité d'observation acoustique locale. En premier lieu, nous utilisons les moyennes arithmétique, géométrique et harmonique comme mesures de confiance pour chaque mot clé. En second lieu, nous proposons de calculer la mesure de confiance en se basant sur la méthode à base de boucle de phonèmes.
Enfin nous présentons le problème de détection comme un problème de classification où chaque mot clé peut appartenir à deux classes différentes, à savoir ``correct'' et ``incorrect''. Cette classification est réalisée en utilisant des Support Vector Machines (SVM) qui constituent une nouvelle technique d'apprentissage statistique. Chaque mot clé reconnu est représenté par un vecteur caractéristique qui constitue l'entrée du classifieur SVM. Pour déterminer ce vecteur, nous utilisons la probabilité d'observation acoustique locale et nous introduisons ensuite la durée de chaque état. Afin d'améliorer les performances, nous proposons des approches hybrides combinant les modèles poubelles avec mesure de confiance et mesure de confiance avec SVM.
Pour tester les performances de l'ensemble de ces modèles nous utilisons la base de données française SPEECHDAT. L'évaluation de tous les résultats a été réalisée en se basant sur les courbes ROC et les courbes rappel/précision. Les meilleurs résultats ont été obtenus par les méthodes basées sur l'utilisation des SVM. Les méthodes hybrides nous ont permis aussi de réaliser de bonnes performances.
Ripoll, Camille. "Modèles compartimentaux de cellules végétales : influence de la croissance sur les flux." Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUES010.
Повний текст джерелаViaud, Valérie. "Organisation spatiale des paysages bocagers et flux d'eau et de nutriments : Approche empirique et modélisations." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NSARD041.
Повний текст джерелаGu, Chao. "Création d'un modèle inductifs de croissance de clusters industriels à flux optimisés, pour réduire leur impact sur l'environnement." Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0013/document.
Повний текст джерелаIndustrial ecology aims to resolve issues related to the use of technological resources in societies in order to add to the party the knowledge to begin to assess quality issues related to the environment and resource availability issues. The concept of industrial ecology can be realized and practiced through the establishment of eco-industrial parks. An eco-industrial park is a manufacturing community and service businesses located together on a common property. Members seek environmental performance, increased economic and social through collaboration in managing environmental and resource. The main aim of this thesis is to create mathematical optimization models to maximize trade flows in an eco-industrial park and to reduce the negative impacts of industry on the environment. The seven symbolic eco-industrial parks have been studied in this thesis in order to get a practical view of the issues and to acquire information from the development of eco-parks in reality. The numerical tools and optimization models for eco-industrial parks were studied. Three optimization models have been proposed with numerical simulations in this thesis
Jaisson, Pascal Marie. "Systèmes complexes gouvernés par des flux : schémas de volumes finis hybrides et optimisation numérique." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ECAP1020.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with pde modeling and numerical resolution of optimisation problems for multithread system and traffic flow. We propose a new hybrid scheme. First, we are interesting by fluid models of a multithread/multitask system proposed by de vusyt. We find odes which are used for the computation of the service times. We numerically solve two problem of optimal control of quality of service (qos) management. Then we deal with traffic data assimilation and algorithms able to predict the traffic flows on road section. The traffic flow is modelized by the aw-rascle hyperbolic system. We have to minimize a functional whose optimization variables are initial condition and/or upstream boundary conditions. We use the roe method to compute the solution of the traffic flow modelling system. Then we compute the gradient of the functional by an adjoint method. This gradient will be used to optimize the functional. Last, we propose a new hybryd scheme with one parameter which permit the scheme to have the tvd property and the space and time second order accuracy. After a first predictor step, we can correct the parameter in the cells where the entropy production is positive. Thus, the scheme can capture the physical solution
Brun, Pierre-Hervé. "Modèle de chondrocytes articulaires de lapin en culture "irrites" par des ions superoxydés." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P051.
Повний текст джерелаFernańdez, Héctor. "Coordination flexible fondée sur la métaphore chimique dans les infrastructures de services." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S036.
Повний текст джерелаAvec le développement de l'Internet des services, composer dynamiquement des servicesdistribués faiblement couplés est devenu le nouveau challenge du calcul à large échelle. Alors que la composition de services est devenue un élément clef des plates-formes orientées service, les systèmes de composition de services suivent pour la plupart une approchecentralisée connaissant l'ensemble des informations de ux de contrôle et de données duworkow, posant un certain nombre de problèmes, notament de passage à l'échelle et deabilité. Dans un monde où les plates-formes sont de plus en plus dynamiques, de nouveauxmécanismes de coordination dynamiques sont requis. Dans ce contexte, des métaphoresnaturelles, et en particulier la méthapore chimique, ont gagné une attention particulièrerécemment, car elles fournissent des abstractions pour une coordination exible d'entités. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons un système de gestion de workow fondée sur lamétaphore chimique, qui fournit un modèle d'exécution haut-niveau pour l'exécutioncentralisée et décentralisée de compositions (ou workows). Selon ce modèle, les servicessont vus comme des molécules qui ottent dans une solution chimique. La coordinationde ces services est eectuée par un ensemble de réactions entre ces molécules exprimantl'exécution décentralisée d'un workow. Par ailleurs, si le paradigme chimique est aujourd'huiconsidéré comme un modèle de coordination prometteur, il manque des résultatsexpérimentaux. Ainsi, nous avons développé un prototype logiciel. Des expériences ontété menées avec des workows d'applications réelles pour montrer la viabilité de notre modèle
Bian, Yuan. "Tactical production planning for physical and financial flows for supply chain in a multi-site context." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0064/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn financial crisis, companies always need free cash flow to efficiently react to any uncertainties to ensure solvency. Thus, this thesis serves as an interface between operations and finance to develop tactical production planning models for joint management of physical and financial flows in the supply chain. In these models, the financing cost of operation-based working capital requirement (WCR) is integrated as a new financial aspect never before considered in the lot-sizing literature. We first focus on extending the classic EOQ model by considering the financing cost of WCR with a profit maximization objective. The optimal analytic production quantity formula is derived as well as sensitivity analysis of this model. Moreover, a comparison with the EOQ model and with the formula which considers the cost of capital are discussed. Secondly, a dynamic lot-sizing-based, discounted cash flow model is established based on Uncapacitated lot-sizing model. The zero-inventory ordering property is proven valid for this case and a polynomial-time algorithm can thus be established. Thirdly, multi-level and infinite capacity scenario is investigated with both sequential and centralized approaches. The ZIO property is demonstrated valid in both cases. Dynamic-programming based algorithms are constructed in order to obtain an optimal solution. This thesis should be considered as a first, but significant setup of combining production planning and working capital management. It is shown the significant financial consequences of lot-sizing decision on production planning. The cases investigated in this thesis may be tackled as subproblems in the study of more realistic scenarios
PAYRAUDEAU, sylvain. "Modélisation distribuée des flux d'azote sur des petits bassins versants méditerranéens." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005633.
Повний текст джерелаLa sensibilité des réponses du modèle événementiel aux valeurs des paramètres est tout d'abord analysée sur un bassin élémentaire. Le modèle POL est ensuite appliqué sur 4 bassins versants d'une cinquantaine de km² situés dans l'Hérault (France).
Les résultats obtenus après la phase de calage et de vérification montrent la capacité du modèle événementiel à reproduire les flux d'azote générés lors des épisodes de crue. Le modèle utilisé en continu fournit une estimation des exportations d'azote avec un degré d'incertitude acceptable pour un premier diagnostic des apports annuels des bassins.
Boisson, Julien. "Modélisation analytique magnéto-acoustique des machines synchrones à commutation de flux à aimants permanents : optimisation du dimensionnement." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DENS0043/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the study of Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnets, in particular on magnetic, mechanical and acoustic behavior of these structures. Firstly, origin of noise generated has been presented with particular attention to magnetic phenomena. Exploration of magnetic stresses, mechanical and vibration analysis have been performed by finite element simulations. Secondly, an analytical multi-physics model has been presented in order to estimate magnetic, mechanical and acoustic behavior. The different models have been validated by finite element simulations or by experimental measurements. Finally, this model has been applied in a geometric optimization loop to maximize electromagnetic torque and minimize acoustic noise generated. These optimizations have been performed on 3-phases 12/10, 4-phases 16/12 and 5-phases 20/18 at fixed and variable speed
Rivalland, Vincent. "Amélioration et validation du modèle de fonctionnement de la végétation ISBA-A-gs : stress hydrique et flux de CO2." Toulouse 3, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009717.
Повний текст джерелаSasidharan, L. Swathy. "Modélisation de la croissance des plantes supérieures pour les systèmes de support-vie : modèle métabolique de la feuille de laitue considérant la conversion d'énergie et le métabolisme central du carbone." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00797968.
Повний текст джерелаGrishina, Olga. "Étude des flux unidirectionnels du 22Na et du 36Cl dans le modèle des anses ligaturées chez le rat, in vivo." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO1T287.
Повний текст джерелаMahdi, Khouloud. "Modèle d'exploitation de flux d'événements complexes (CEP) par des patrons spatiotemporels agrégés dans un contexte de réseau de distribution énergétique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29754.
Повний текст джерелаBuyer, Marc. "Transport de flux en réseau d'assainissement : Modèle 1D pour l'hydraulique des collecteurs et déservoirs avec prise en compte des discontinuités." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13116.
Повний текст джерелаTHE STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY OF THE SEWER NETWORK AS WELL AS THE STRONG VARIABILITY OF THE CARRIED FLUXES ARE ANSWERABLE FOR NUMERICAL SIMULATION PROBLEMS OF THE WATER DEPTHS AND THE FLOW RATES. WE modelled the hydraulic behaviour of the system by TAKING INTO ACCOUNT PHENOMENA LIKE HYDRAULIC JUMP, BACKWATER EFFECT AND TRANSITION FROM FREE SURFACE TO PRESSURISED FLOW. WE ALSO delt with the geometrical diversity of the pipes, the presence of width variations and the appearence of JUNCTIONS. FINALLY, WE described OVERFALL STRUCTURES LIKE SEWER SIDE WEIR WHICH RULE is TO AVOID OVERFLOWS OF THE SEWER NETWORK AND TO PROTECT THE WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT FROM OVERLOAD IN RAINY WEATHER. SO, WE BUILt A ONE DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL TOOL BASED ON the resolution of THE SHALLOW WATER SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS EXPRESSED UNDER IT'S CONSERVATIVE FORM BY USING SHOCK CAPTURING NUMERICAL SCHEMES WHICH ARE ABLE TO DEAL WITH STRONG VARIATIONS ON THE STUDIED VARIABLES (WATER DEPTH AND FLOW RATE). THE NUMERICAL METHODS implemented ARE AT LEAST SECOND ORDER ACCURATE AND OF TVD TYPE, which means, NON-OSCILLATORY. THIS NUMERICAL MODEL IS ABLE TO Estimate WITH PRECISION THE poured FLOW RATEs poured by the SIDE WEIR. THE EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION PHASE OF THE NUMERICAL MODELS WAS REALISED IN THREE STEPS. FIRST, WE VALIDATED THE MODELS COMPUTED WITH FOUR DIFFERENT NUMERICAL SCHEMES IN ORDER TO REPRODUCE THE BACKWATER CURVES THANKS TO AN EXPERIMENTAL CHANNEL. THE RESULTS OBTAINED, VERY SATISFYING, PERMIT US TO SELECT THE MOST ACCURATE NUMERICAL MODEL CHOOSEN BETWEEN THE FOUR COMPUTED. SECONDLY, WE VERIFIED THE ABILITY OF THE SELECTED MODEL TO REPRODUCE THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE CHANNEL EXPANSION OR CONTRACTION BY THE USE OF A VENTURI FLUME. FINALLY, WE TESTED THE ACCURACY OF OUR HIGH AND LOW CRESTED SIDE WEIR NUMERICAL TOOL THANKS TO A PHYSICAL TEST BENCH
Xhuvani, Aleksander P. "Modélisation et identification des paramètres d'une machine synchrone destinée à être alimentée par un convertisseur statique." Toulouse, INPT, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPT055H.
Повний текст джерелаLamandé, Maxime. "Gestion des flux financiers internationaux et politique macro-prudentielle." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1G012/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to contribute to the analysis of the effect of policies aimed at curbing the risks associated with financial instability. The investigations carried out are theoretical (DSGE model) and empirical. In an open country macroeconomic framework, two dimensions must be taken into account. The external dimension is covered by the policy of prudential capital controls. Because of its selective nature, this type of policy can help reduce external imbalances that do not fall within the macroprudential scope. The latter addresses the internal dimension and seeks to internalize the overall risk resulting from the investment choices of resident agents. The analysis of the internal coordination of these two types of macro-prudential measures and prudential controls is essential to ensure their effectiveness. In addition, the potential effects of international spillovers that may result from prudential regulation policies must be studied before validating the use of such policies. We find that macroprudential policies seem to offer better results in terms of financial stability, price stability and economic performance than capital controls. However, prudential capital controls have their role to play, especially with regards to excessive credit growth. The application of prudential controls, when credit growth becomes excessive, can indeed help mitigating the overheating of the financial system and reducing the gap between economic and financial cycles. Therefore, as a negative shock occurs, its economic consequences should be lessened. Then, the optimal policy turns out to bethe one combining monetary and prudential policy, led by a joint agency that makes decisions on monetary and prudential policies. Prudential policies are all the more necessary as cross-border lending is important. Finally, the effects of prudential policies on other countries encourage more international or regional cooperation in this area
Barré, Chloé. "Physique statistique des phénomènes de blocage dans les flux particulaires." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066227/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis manuscript presents a study of blocking phenomenon in particulate streams flowing through anarrow channel. In particular, it examines situations in which blocking is controlled by the limitedcarrying capacity of the channel. It builds on a simple stochastic model, introduced by Gabrielli etal. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 170601, 2013), in which particles arrive randomly according to a Poissondistribution at the entrance of a one-dimensional channel with an intensity λ and, unless interrupted,exit after a transit time, τ. Blocking occurs instantaneously when N=2 particles are simultaneouslypresent in the channel. The quantities of interest include the probability that the channel is still openat time t (survival probability) and the flux and total number of exiting particles. The thesisexamines a number of generalizations including when more than two particles must be present toinduce blockage, N>2, a time dependent intensity, a finite blocking time, and multi-channelsystems. We obtain exact and approximate analytical results using tools such as the masterequations describing the evolution of the n-particle partial probabilities, large deviation theory andqueuing theory. The theoretical results are validated by comparison with the results of numericalsimulations. The final chapter of the thesis uses a different approach, namely a brownian dynamics simulation of a two dimensional system of soft particles subjected to an external driving and dragforces. The presence of an obstacle in the middle of the channel can cause irreversible orintermittent clogging depending on the system geometry, temperature and particle stiffness
Cabrit, Olivier. "Modélisation des flux pariétaux sur les tuyères des moteurs à propergol solide." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20239.
Повний текст джерелаThe nozzles of solid rocket motors must resist to severe wall fluxes. Carbon/carbon composite materials are then chosen to insure the structure integrity. In spite of their excellent thermo-mechanical properties, these materials are exposed to the ablation phenomenon: chemical oxidation of the solid material by the combustion products. On the one hand, this feature protects the nozzle structure since this process considerably reduces the wall heat flux. On the other hand, the ablation process must be perfectly controlled because of the geometrical changes induced by the surface recession. The assessment of mass/momentum/heat fluxes at the wall is thus a crucial part for the nozzle design. Numerical simulations are nowadays commonly used to define new nozzles. However, considering the power of the available computers, the use of wall models is a necessary step to simulate full scale devices. With this framework, one presents a set of direct numerical simulations whose analysis allows to derive new wall functions integrating several complex physical aspects that modify the "classical" behavior of the turbulent boundary layer: multicomponent reacting compressible flow, with non-unity Prandtl number, radiative transfer, streamwise pressure gradient, and wall ablation. These new models are now ready to be tested on realistic configurations
Smith, Pascalle. "Modélisation des cultures européennes au sein de la biosphère : phénologie, productivité et flux de CO2." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066250.
Повний текст джерелаMaxin, Gaëlle. "Développement d’un modèle de prédiction de la matière grasse du lait basé sur les flux de nutriments chez la vache laitière." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NSARB210.
Повний текст джерелаFluctuations in the milk fat market are driving demands from farmers for ways to control milk fat production and composition in dairy cows. Dietary changes are a simple way to modulate milk fat content (MFC) and milk fat yield (MFY) since these effects are rapid and reversible. The current models used to estimate dairy cow requirements and formulate diets cannot predict changes in milk fat. These models are based on energy and protein intake and do not consider the pattern of individual nutrients derived from digestion. A better knowledge of the effects of the nutrients and their individual contributions to the observed responses of milk fat could enable to develop a model to predict milk fat responses to dietary changes. The objective of this thesis was to design and evaluate an empirical model to predict milk fat responses to dietary changes using nutrient flows. The work was carried out in 3 steps: 1/ quantification of the effects of nutrients on MFC and MFY; 2/ test of the additivity of nutrients on milk fat production and composition; 3/ design and evaluation of the predictive model. The response equations of MFC and MFY to the supply of 7 nutrients identified to act on milk fat secretion were established by meta-analyse using studies involving digestive infusions of these nutrients. Then, potential interactions between these nutrients on milk fat secretion were tested during two experimental studies: 3 nutrients that have similar or opposite effects on milk fat secretion were infused alone or simultaneously to dairy cows. The effects of tested nutrients were additive on milk fat production and composition in both studies. Finally, the predictive model was built by coupling published empirical equations which estimated the nutrients flows from diets with the milk fat response equations to these nutrients (i. E. Equations established previously). The overall response of MFC and MFY were calculated by addition of the responses to all nutrients. The model was evaluated by comparing the predicted and observed responses of MFC and MFY on several databases composed of published feeding studies in dairy cows. The quality of prediction of the model varied with the dietary changes used to evaluate the model and several ways of model improvement were identified. In conclusion, by combining experimentation and modelisation, this thesis enabled to develop a model predicting MFC and MFY responses to dietary changes and to bring knowledge on the nutritional regulation of milk fat secretion
Davi, Hendrik. "Développement d'un modèle forestier générique simulant les flux et les stocks de carbonne et d'eau dans le cadre des changements climatiques." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112303.
Повний текст джерелаA model simulating CO2 and H2O stocks and fluxes is described, parameterised, validated and improved at forestry stand scale and up scaling to the region is set about. The effect on simulated fluxes of the uncertainty on key input parameters is estimated. Each process implemented in the model is then separately evaluated. After that, the model is adapted to various forest ecosystems and validated from hours to decals by comparison with carbon fluxes and wood growth measurements. To improve the carbon water coupling and the response of foliar photosynthesis to irradiance, the mésophylle resistance for CO2 flux between stomata and chloroplasts is incorporated in the photosynthesis model. To improve the aerial wood growth simulation, an allocation scheme is developed for deciduous trees using two kinds of functional constraints: the carbohydrates homeostasis and the hydraulic equilibrium. Two models, one simulating the Leaf Area Index from carbohydrates content, the other simulating the Leaf mass per Area from absorbed irradiance by leaves, are also developed and validated. After that, the spatial aggregation effect of the key input parameters, spatially varying, on the simulated fluxes, is quantified using a sensitivity analysis and three study cases at three different scales (from 1 ha to 1000 ha). Lastly, at regional scale, a linear relationship between the average LAI and the logarithm of the standard deviation of NDVI measured by remote sensing is highlighted and the theoretical basis of this relationship is studied
Raileanu, Silviu. "Proposition d’un modèle générique de pilotage pour un système à flux guidés : Application des concepts holoniques au transport intelligent (FMS/PRT)." Valenciennes, 2011. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/38191159-98bd-4bea-b774-7f2e39b5bf66.
Повний текст джерелаThesis addresses the problem of controlling a system based on physical flow in the field of FMS (Flexible Manufacturing System) and PRT (Personal Rapid Transit). The flow is considered as constitued of "intelligent" entities which become "intelligent products" in the case of (FMS) or “intelligent vehicles" in the case of (PRT). A model-based on decision-making entities with regard to the control (SAE: System-based Active Entities) is offered. The SAE model is tranformed into an "holonic model" and a generic holon AGH (Active Generalized Holon) is introduced as an holonic component of foundation. Then, the HSAE holonic model (Holonic System-based Active Entities) for the control of an “intelligent” physical flow is proposed. This model puts the emphasis on the "flow holon" (FH) which allos to model, for instance, an “intelligent” product or an “intelligent” vehicle. The "flow holon" is able of making decisions with regard to the process allocation and/or routing. The HSAE model includes a static part and a behaviour part. This last part is based on the concept of "open-control". It combines an explicit control of type "master-slave" with an implicit control based on “influence” of the behaviour of entities. HSAE model is then the object of an experimental study to assess its validity. Experimentation wase performed on the flexible cell of the CIMR laboratory in Bucharest (Romania) for the field of FMS and on the platform AIP-PRIMECA Nord-Pas de Calais of Valenciennes (France) for the field of PRT. HSAE model has been of great usefulness in acting as a reference frame in the elaboration of the control architectures adopted in both fields of studies
Maurin, David. "Propagation des rayons cosmiques dans un modèle de diffusion : une nouvelle estimation des paramètres de diffusion et du flux d'antiprotons secondaires." Université de Savoie, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CHAMS002.
Повний текст джерелаMarouane, Amine. "Modélisation stock-flux de l'économie tunisienne : analyse des chocs de la crise économique et de la révolution." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40062.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this thesis is to model the Tunisian economy in a post Keynesian stock-flow consistent approach in order to provide an analysis of the observed stylized facts since 2001. This kind of post Keynesian macroeconomic model retains not only the stock dimension but also the flow dimension of the Tunisian economy. Thus it is a new framework for analyzing the effects of the financial and economic crisis of 2007-2008 and economic consequences resulting from the recent Tunisian revolution of 2011. Six sectors make our economy: households, firms, banks, central bank, government and the rest of the world. The rest of the world represents the European Union given the strong dependence of the Tunisian economy on European economies. In order to explain the trend of the Tunisian GDP, four shocks are considered namely the impact on the growth rate in European Union to take into account the global crisis, the changes in interest rate and exchange rate to explain the impact of monetary policy and the response of fiscal policy and finally the shock in the state of confidence and productivity to understand the effects of the economic crisis during the Tunisian revolution. These four shocks have allowed us to reproduce the stylized facts of the Tunisian economy and understand the effects of the crisis of the last decade. Then we consider three scenarios for the Tunisian economy: an optimistic scenario, a pessimistic scenario and intermediate scenario