Добірка наукової літератури з теми "MMBMMB"

In this paper we determine the distributions of occupation times of a Markov-modulated Brownian motion (MMBM) in separate intervals before a first passage time or an exit from an interval. We derive the distributions in terms of their Laplace transforms, and we also distinguish between occupation times in different phases. For MMBMs with strictly positive variation parameters, we further propose scale functions.

In this paper we determine the distributions of occupation times of a Markov-modulated Brownian motion (MMBM) in separate intervals before a first passage time or an exit from an interval. We derive the distributions in terms of their Laplace transforms, and we also distinguish between occupation times in different phases. For MMBMs with strictly positive variation parameters, we further propose scale functions.

Let (X, J) denote a Markov-modulated Brownian motion (MMBM) and denote its supremum process by S. For some a > 0, let σ(a) denote the time when the reflected process Y := S - X first surpasses the level a. Furthermore, let σ−(a) denote the last time before σ(a) when X attains its current supremum. In this paper we shall derive the joint distribution of Sσ(a), σ−(a), and σ(a), where the latter two will be given in terms of their Laplace transforms. We also provide some remarks on scale matrices for MMBMs with strictly positive variation parameters. This extends recent results for spectrally negative Lévy processes to MMBMs. Due to well-known fluid embedding and state-dependent killing techniques, the analysis applies to Markov additive processes with phase-type jumps as well. The result is of interest to applications such as the dividend problem in insurance mathematics and the buffer overflow problem in queueing theory. Examples will be given for the former.

Let (X, J) denote a Markov-modulated Brownian motion (MMBM) and denote its supremum process by S. For some a > 0, let σ(a) denote the time when the reflected process Y := S - X first surpasses the level a. Furthermore, let σ−(a) denote the last time before σ(a) when X attains its current supremum. In this paper we shall derive the joint distribution of S σ(a), σ−(a), and σ(a), where the latter two will be given in terms of their Laplace transforms. We also provide some remarks on scale matrices for MMBMs with strictly positive variation parameters. This extends recent results for spectrally negative Lévy processes to MMBMs. Due to well-known fluid embedding and state-dependent killing techniques, the analysis applies to Markov additive processes with phase-type jumps as well. The result is of interest to applications such as the dividend problem in insurance mathematics and the buffer overflow problem in queueing theory. Examples will be given for the former.

Introduction: The JAKSTAT pathway plays a critical role in the regulation of hematopoietic pathways and immunological cytokine signaling. The JAK pathway is also involved in tumor cell proliferation and drug resistance in multiple myeloma (MM). Thus, inhibition of the JAK pathway should be a potentially effective strategy for treating MM patients. B7-H3 is an immune checkpoint protein in the B7 superfamily and has been shown overexpressed in several tumors. Immune checkpoint blockade may suppress tumor progression or enhance anti-tumor immune responses. In this study, we investigated the effects of the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (Rux) on B7-H3 in MM. Materials and Methods: Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) were collected from MM patients after obtaining IRB approval. Single-cell suspensions were prepared from human MM LAGλ-1A xenografts which had been grown in severe combined immunodeficient mice. HS-5 stromal and SUP-T1 T cells were purchased from ATCC. The cells were cultured and treated with or without RUX and then subjected to qRT-PCR, flow cytometric analysis, and western blot analysis. For qRT-PCR, total RNA was extracted and applied to cDNA synthesis, followed by qPCR. Gene expression was analyzed in MM BMMCs alone or co-cultured with stromal cells or T cells with or without Rux treatment (1μM) in vitro. Results: We identified increased B7-H3 expression in MMBMMCs from patients with progressive disease (PD) patients compared to those in complete remission (CR). Rux significantly reduced B7-H3 expression in MMBMMCs in patients with PD, MM cells (U266), and BM from patients in PD when co-cultured with stromal cells (HS-5) after 48-72 hours. Rux decreased B7H3 expression in the human MM xenograft model LAGλ-1A when cultured ex vivo. In addition, Rux suppressed B7-H3 at protein levels as shown with flow cytometric analysis and western blotting, consistent with the gene expression results. Next, we tested whether B7-H3 blockade by Rux could potentially restore exhausted T cell activity against myeloma cells in MMBM. We found that Rux can increase IL-2 and CD8 gene expression in MMBM with lower plasma percentages (< 30%) but not among those with higher plasma cell percentages (>70%). Rux also elevated IL-2 and CD8 gene expression in BM when it was cocultured with T cells (SUP-T1), suggesting Rux may mediate immunological cytokine signaling. B7-H3-neutralizing antibody increased CD8 gene expression in MMBM in vitro, suggesting that one of the mechanisms through which Rux upregulates CD8 T cells in MMBM may be via downregulation of B7-H3. Conclusion: The immune checkpoint protein B7-H3 is overexpressed in MMBM in PD compared to CR patients. The JAK1/2 inhibitor Rux can decrease B7-H3 expression and increase IL-2 and CD8 expression in BM in vitro. Our results provide evidence for Rux inhibiting the immune checkpoint protein B7-H3 which may potentially restore exhausted T-cell activity in the MMBM tumoral microenvironment. Disclosures Chen: Oncotraker Inc: Equity Ownership. Berenson:Amgen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Sanofi: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy; Amag: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Amag: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; OncoTracker: Equity Ownership, Other: Officer; OncoTracker: Equity Ownership, Other: Officer; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding; Incyte Corporation.: Consultancy, Research Funding; Incyte Corporation.: Consultancy, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau.

Introduction: The JAKSTAT pathway plays a critical role in the regulation of hematopoietic pathways and immunological cytokine signaling. The JAK pathway is also involved in tumor cell proliferation and drug resistance in multiple myeloma (MM). Thus, inhibition of the JAK pathway should be a potentially effective strategy for treating MM patients. B7-H3 is an immune checkpoint protein in the B7 superfamily and has been shown overexpressed in several tumors. Immune checkpoint blockade may suppress tumor progression or enhance anti-tumor immune responses. In this study, we investigated the effects of the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (Rux) on B7-H3 in MM. Materials and Methods: Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) were collected from MM patients after obtaining IRB approval. Single-cell suspensions were prepared from human MM LAGλ-1A xenografts which had been grown in severe combined immunodeficient mice. HS-5 stromal and SUP-T1 T cells were purchased from ATCC. The cells were cultured and treated with or without RUX and then subjected to qRT-PCR, flow cytometric analysis, and western blot analysis. For qRT-PCR, total RNA was extracted and applied to cDNA synthesis, followed by qPCR. Gene expression was analyzed in MM BMMCs alone or co-cultured with stromal cells or T cells with or without Rux treatment (1μM) in vitro. Results: We identified increased B7-H3 expression in MMBMMCs from patients with progressive disease (PD) patients compared to those in complete remission (CR). Rux significantly reduced B7-H3 expression in MMBMMCs in patients with PD, MM cells (U266), and BM from patients in PD when co-cultured with stromal cells (HS-5) after 48-72 hours. Rux decreased B7-H3 expression in the human MM xenograft model LAGλ-1A when cultured ex vivo. In addition, Rux suppressed B7-H3 at protein levels as shown with flow cytometric analysis and western blotting, consistent with the gene expression results. Next, we tested whether B7-H3 blockade by Rux could potentially restore exhausted T cell activity against myeloma cells in MMBM. We found that Rux can increase IL-2 and CD8 gene expression in MMBM with lower plasma percentages (< 30%) but not among those with higher plasma cell percentages (>70%). Rux also elevated IL-2 and CD8 gene expression in BM when it was cocultured with T cells (SUP-T1), suggesting Rux may mediate immunological cytokine signaling. B7-H3-neutralizing antibody increased CD8 gene expression in MMBM in vitro, suggesting that one of the mechanisms through which Rux upregulates CD8 T cells in MMBM may be via downregulation of B7-H3. Conclusion: The immune checkpoint protein B7-H3 is overexpressed in MMBM in PD compared to CR patients. The JAK1/2 inhibitor Rux can decrease B7-H3 expression and increase IL-2 and CD8 expression in BM in vitro. Our results provide evidence for Rux inhibiting the immune checkpoint protein B7-H3 which may potentially restore exhausted T-cell activity in the MMBM tumoral microenvironment. Disclosures Chen: Oncotraker Inc: Equity Ownership. Berenson:OncoTracker: Equity Ownership, Other: Officer; OncoTracker: Equity Ownership, Other: Officer; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding; Incyte Corporation.: Consultancy, Research Funding; Incyte Corporation.: Consultancy, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Amag: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Amag: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Sanofi: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy.

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the maximum bilateral molar bite force and the Root Mean Square (RMS) Electromyography (EMG) index of the masticatory muscles in the maximum bilateral molar bite (MMBMax) of women with myogenic Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) and asymptomatic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, composed of 86 women allocated to the TMD Group (n=43) and Control Group (n=43) diagnosis through the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The maximum bilateral molar bite force was evaluated using a bite dynamometer and the RMS EMG index of the masticatory muscles (anterior temporalis, masseter) during 5 seconds of the MMBMax task. Student t-test was used for data comparison between accuracy of the bite force and RMS EMG of masticatory muscles during the MMBMax. Results: The maximum bilateral molar bite force showed high accuracy (AUC=0.99) for the diagnosis of women with myogenic TMD and asymptomatic women, and the RMS EMG index evaluated during the MMBMax showed a moderate level of accuracy for all masticatory muscles (AUC=0.70 to 0.75). Conclusion: The bilateral bite dynamometer with a surface EMG during bilateral bite can be used to diagnose TMD in young women.

Mercury mass balance models (MMBMs) for fish are powerful tools for understanding factors affecting growth and food consumption by free-ranging fish in rivers, lakes, and oceans. Moreover, MMBMs can be used to predict the consequences of global mercury reductions, overfishing, and climate change on mercury (Hg) concentration in commercially and recreationally valuable species of fish. Such predictions are useful in decision-making by resource managers and public health policy makers, because mercury is a neurotoxin and the primary route of exposure of mercury to humans is via consumption of fish. Recent evidence has emerged to indicate that the current-day version of MMBMs overestimates the rate at which fish eliminate mercury from their bodies. Consequently, MMBMs overestimate food consumption by fish and underestimate Hg concentration in fish. In this perspective, we explore underlying reasons for this overestimation of Hg-elimination rate, as well as consequences and implications of this overestimation. We highlight emerging studies that distinguish species and sex as contributing factors, in addition to body weight and water temperature, that can play an important role in how quickly Hg is eliminated from fish. Future research directions for refining MMBMs are discussed.

We consider a Markov-modulated Brownian motion (MMBM) with phase-dependent termination rates, i.e. while in a phase i the process terminates with a constant hazard rate ri ≥ 0. For such a process, we determine the matrix of expected local times (at zero) before termination and hence the resolvent. The results are applied to some recent questions arising in the framework of insurance risk. We further provide expressions for the resolvent and the local times at zero of an MMBM reflected at its infimum.

We consider a Markov-modulated Brownian motion (MMBM) with phase-dependent termination rates, i.e. while in a phase i the process terminates with a constant hazard rate r i ≥ 0. For such a process, we determine the matrix of expected local times (at zero) before termination and hence the resolvent. The results are applied to some recent questions arising in the framework of insurance risk. We further provide expressions for the resolvent and the local times at zero of an MMBM reflected at its infimum.

Esta dissertação concentra-se na pesquisa em Metodologia de Projeto e busca mapear as estratégias adotadas por Paulo Mendes da Rocha e a equipe MMBB Arquitetos, na época, composta pelos arquitetos Ângelo Bucci, Milton Braga, Marta Moreira e Fernando de Melo, envolvendo a colaboração durante o processo de projeto de remodelagem das áreas de acolhimento do edifício da Fiesp, projeto originalmente elaborado por Roberto Cerqueira César e Luiz Roberto de Carvalho Franco, do escritório Rino Levi. O mapeamento desse processo de projeto busca apresentar as ações tomadas diante dos problemas advindos desse projeto específico por meio da visão dos arquitetos Paulo Mendes da Rocha, Milton Braga, Marta Moreira, Ângelo Bucci e o engenheiro calculista Jorge Zaven Kurkdjian. Para a compreensão das ações tomadas durante a atividade de projeto, buscou-se relacionar o processo de projeto à experiência profissional de Paulo Mendes da Rocha e às suas relações interpessoais, aos valores da equipe e aos mecanismos utilizados para a construção, a evolução e a análise das ideias. O mapeamento do processo de projeto dessa equipe foi desenvolvido a partir da formulação de questões para compor um protocolo de pesquisa que norteou a coleta de dados e a triangulação entre as informações obtidas de entrevistas e o material iconográfico. O resultado do estudo aponta para um processo caracterizado pela reflexão sobre os valores a serem construídos diante da situação e da estruturação inicial do problema de forma isolada, buscando potencialidades da situação, sendo essas potencialidades intrínsecas à personalidade do arquiteto Paulo Mendes da Rocha, que valoriza a inteligência das técnicas de construção, do funcionamento racional do projeto, da conexão do edifício ao contexto urbano e da proporcionalidade entre os elementos que compõem o edifício.
This dissertation focuses on the research in Design Methodology and intends to map the strategies adopted by Paulo Mendes da Rocha and MMBB Architects team, at the time composed by the architects Angelo Bucci, Milton Braga, Marta Moreira and Fernando Melo, involving collaboration during the remodeling design process of the reception areas of FIESP building, which was originally developed by Roberto Cerqueira Cesar and Luiz Roberto de Carvalho Franco, from Rino Levi office. The mapping of this design process aims to present the actions taken on the problems arising from this specific project, in the view of the architects Paulo Mendes da Rocha, Milton Braga, Marta Moreira, Angelo Bucci and engineer Jorge Zaven Kurkdjian. In order to understand the actions taken during the project activity, we sought to relate the project process to the professional experience of Paulo Mendes da Rocha and his interpersonal relationships, the values of the team and the mechanisms used for the construction, evolution and analysis of the ideas. The mapping of the project process of this team was developed from the formulation of questions to compose a research protocol that guided the collection of data and the triangulation between the information obtained from interviews and the iconographic material. The result of the study points to a process characterized by the reflection on the values to be built to the situation and the initial structuring of the problem in an isolated way, seeking potentialities of the situation, being these potentialities intrinsic to the personality of the architect Paulo Mendes da Rocha, who values the intelligence of construction techniques, the rational functioning of the project, the connection of the building to the urban context and the proportionality of the elements that make up the building.

Biometric Recognition is the essential process of authenticating an individual and has a very wide application area starting from one’s essential need like phone or laptop access to high end applications like in, Airport, Border control, surveillance, forensic applications etc. It is implemented almost in every system that require some sort of authentication for establishing the identity of a person. Biometrics recognition is based on the Biometric traits, which are the physical or behavioral characteristics of a person that are physically or behaviorally linked to the person. Since Biometric traits are physically linked to the user therefore very difficult to steal or forge and person do not require to remember the login or password for accessing any system or premises. There are various biometric traits like Face, Finger Print, Finger veins, Iris, Scalera, etc which are extensively utilized in several recognition applications. Some recognition applications use number of traits of a person to have high recognition accuracy. Some even take physical as well as behavioral along with soft biometric traits like hand shape etc. to have robust recognition system that works in unconstrained environment with higher accuracy. Purpose of this research work is to improve the accuracy of the recognition system by taking number of traits of a person together called Multi-Modal Biometric (MMB) Recognition and by focusing on the finger vein trait, which is one of the current research areas as it can be captured only of a live person. A new method is proposed, the MMB recognition system centered on the Features Level and Scores Level (FLSL) fusion method and Modified Deep Learning Neural Network (MDLNN) classifier in order to enhance the performance. The face, ear, retina, fingerprint, and front hand image traits are considered by the proposed method. iii The unique patterns of finger veins (FV) are utilized by Finger vein recognition (FVR) for detecting individuals at a high-level accuracy. However, on account of the existence of artifacts, irregular shading, distortions, etc, precise FV detection is a difficult task. A framework for identifying FV is created by the work to offer a precise biometric authorization utilizing Enhanced Sigmoid Reweighted based Convolutional Neural Network (ES-RwCNN).

In order to reduce the time and resources devoted to design-space exploration during simulation-based design and optimization, the use of surrogate models, or metamodels, has been proposed in the literature. Key to the success of metamodeling efforts are the experimental design techniques used to generate the combinations of input variables at which the computer experiments are conducted. Several adaptive sampling techniques have been proposed to tailor the experimental designs to the specific application at hand, using the already-acquired data to guide further exploration of the input space, instead of using a fixed sampling scheme defined a priori. Though mixed results have been reported, it has been argued that adaptive sampling techniques can be more efficient, yielding better surrogate models with less sampling points. In this paper, we address the problem of adaptive sampling for single and multi-response metamodels, with a focus on Multi-stage Multi-response Bayesian Surrogate Models (MMBSM). We compare distance-optimal latin hypercube sampling, an entropy-based criterion and the maximum cross-validation variance criterion, originally proposed for one-dimensional output spaces and implemented in this paper for multi-dimensional output spaces. Our results indicate that, both for single and multi-response surrogate models, the entropy-based adaptive sampling approach leads to models that are more robust to the initial experimental design and at least as accurate (or better) when compared with other sampling techniques using the same number of sampling points.