Готові списки джерел за темами / Missing Xenon

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Missing Xenon"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 23 вересня 2022

Оновлено: 29 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Missing Xenon"

Ozima, Minoru. "Geophysics: Looking for missing xenon." Nature 321, no. 6073 (June 1986): 813–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/321813a0.

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Sanloup, C. "Retention of Xenon in Quartz and Earth's Missing Xenon." Science 310, no. 5751 (November 18, 2005): 1174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1119070.

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Brock, David S., and Gary J. Schrobilgen. "Synthesis of the Missing Oxide of Xenon, XeO2, and Its Implications for Earth’s Missing Xenon." Journal of the American Chemical Society 133, no. 16 (April 27, 2011): 6265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja110618g.

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RITTER, STEVE. "THE CASE OF THE MISSING XENON." Chemical & Engineering News Archive 89, no. 9 (February 28, 2011): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v089n009.p010a.

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Brock, David S., and Gary J. Schrobilgen. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Missing Oxide of Xenon, XeO2, and Its Implications for Earth′s Missing Xenon." ChemInform 42, no. 32 (July 14, 2011): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201132007.

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Maria, Naomi Sta, and David M. Eckmann. "Model Predictions of Gas Embolism Growth and Reabsorption during Xenon Anesthesia." Anesthesiology 99, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 638–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200309000-00019.

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Background It is not readily obvious whether an intravascular bubble will grow or shrink in a particular tissue bed. This depends on the constituent gases initially present in the bubble, the surrounding tissue, and the delivered gas admixture. The authors used a computational model based on the physics of gas exchange to predict cerebrovascular embolism behavior during xenon anesthesia. Methods The authors estimated values of gas transport parameters missing from the literature. The computational model was used with those parameters to predict bubble size over time for a range of temperatures (18 degrees -39 degrees C) used during extracorporeal circulation. Results Bubble size over time is highly nonlinearly dependent on multiple factors, including diffusivity, solubility, gas partial pressures, magnitude of concentration gradients, vessel diameter, and temperature. Xenon- and oxygen-containing bubbles continue to grow during xenon delivery. Bubble volume doubles from 50 to 100 nl in approximately 3-68 min, depending on initial gas composition and bubble shape. Bubble growth and reabsorption are relatively insensitive to temperature in the physiologic and surgical range. Conclusions Xenon anesthesia results in gas exchange conditions that favor bubble growth, which may worsen neurologic injury from gas embolism. The concentration gradients can be manipulated by discontinuation of xenon delivery to promote reabsorption of xenon-containing bubbles. Estimated growth and reabsorption rates at normothermia can be applied to temperature extremes of cardiopulmonary bypass.

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Holsträter, Thorsten Frederik, Michael Georgieff, Karl Josef Föhr, Werner Klingler, Miriam Elisabeth Uhl, Tobias Walker, Sarah Köster, Georg Grön, and Oliver Adolph. "Intranasal Application of Xenon Reduces Opioid Requirement and Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery." Anesthesiology 115, no. 2 (August 1, 2011): 398–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e318225cee5.

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Background Both central sensitization after peripheral tissue injury and the development of opioid tolerance involve activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. At subanesthetic doses the NMDA receptor antagonist xenon suppresses pain-evoked sensitization of pain-processing areas in the central nervous system. Although numerous studies describe the effect of NMDA receptor antagonists on postoperative pain, clinical studies elucidating their intraoperative analgesic potency when applied in a low dosage are still largely missing. Methods To analyze the analgesic effect of low-dose xenon using new application methods, the authors tested nasally applied xenon as an add-on treatment for analgesia in 40 patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Within a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study design, intraoperative and postoperative requirement of opioids as well as postoperative subjective experiences of pain were measured as primary outcome variables. Results Intranasal application of xenon significantly reduced intraoperative opioid requirement (mean difference [MD] -2.0 μg/min; 95% CI [CI95]-0.53 to -3.51, Bonferroni correction adjusted P value [pcorr]= 0.028) without relevant side effects and significantly reduced postoperative pain (MD -1.34 points on an 11-point rating scale; CI95 -0.60 to -2.09, pcorr = 0.002). However, postoperative morphine consumption (MD -8.8 μg/min; CI95 1.2 to -18.8, pcorr = 0.24) was not significantly reduced in this study. Conclusions Low-dose xenon significantly reduces intraoperative analgesic use and postoperative pain perception. Because NMDA receptor antagonists suppress central sensitization, prevent the development of opioid tolerance, and reduce postoperative pain, the intraoperative usage of NMDA receptor antagonists such as xenon is suggested to improve effectiveness of pain management within a concept of multimodal analgesia.

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Ylihautala, Mika, Petri Ingman, Jukka Jokisaari, and Peter Diehl. "129Xe and 131Xe NMR of Xenon in Mesophases of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide in Formamide." Applied Spectroscopy 50, no. 11 (November 1996): 1435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702963904791.

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For the first time, noble gas NMR has been applied to a study of a lyotropic liquid crystal. 129Xe and 131Xe NMR spectra of natural xenon gas dissolved in pure formamide and three cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)/formamide (FA) mixtures were recorded over wide temperature ranges. The CTAB/FA system forms micelles at low concentrations of CTAB and mesophases at higher concentrations and elevated temperatures. The phase transitions are observed in the series of xenon spectra. In addition, the free xenon gas signal is seen in the spectra at low temperature, when the CTAB/FA system has a coexisting solid/liquid phase. The gas signal indicates that Xe is not soluble in the solid but accumulates in macroscopic bubbles. The intensity variation of the central peak of the 131Xe NMR spectra shows the presence of a static external electric field gradient (EFG). However, the spectral satellites are not observed and, therefore, the magnitude of the EFG cannot be determined. The obvious reason for the missing 131Xe satellites is the orientation distribution of the EFG tensor leading to broadening of the satellites.

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Zhu, WeiDong, and Prajwal Niraula. "The missing modes of self-organization in cathode boundary layer discharge in xenon." Plasma Sources Science and Technology 23, no. 5 (September 25, 2014): 054011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/23/5/054011.

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Lee, Kanani K. M., and Gerd Steinle-Neumann. "High-pressure alloying of iron and xenon: “Missing” Xe in the Earth's core?" Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 111, B2 (February 2006): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005jb003781.

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Дисертації з теми "Missing Xenon"

Ortega, San Martin Luis. "Where is the xenon that is missing from the Earth's atmosphere?" Revista de Química, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/99511.

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El análisis químico de los meteoritos que más se parecen a la materia que dio lugar a la formación de la Tierra revela que la concentración del gas xenón en la atmósfera de nuestro planeta es menor de la que se debería esperar. Investigaciones recientes parecen indicar que el origen de esta deficiencia podría estar relacionado con la solubilidad de los gases nobles en las vacantes de oxígeno de la estructura perovskita del silicato de magnesio, MgSiO3, principal componente del manto terrestre.
The chemical analysis of the meteorites considered to resemble closely the primordial matter which led to the formation of the Earth indicates that the concentration of xenon gas in our atmosphere is lower than expected. It seems that this deficiency is related to the noble gases’ solubility in the oxygen vacancies present in the perovskite structure of magnesium silicate, MgSiO3, the main constituent of the Earth’s mantle.

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Crépisson, Céline. ""Missing Xenon" : experimental and theoretical study of Xe storage in crustal and upper mantle minerals." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS095.

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Un stockage du xénon dans les minéraux silicatés en profondeur a été proposé pour expliquer « le Xénon manquant », i.e. la faible teneur en Xe dans les atmosphères terrestre et martienne comparée à celle des chondrites et aux autres gaz rares. Néanmoins, il existe encore peu de données concernant l’incorporation du Xe dans les minéraux, due à sa très grande volatilité aux conditions ambiantes. Dans cette thèse, nous apportons de nouveaux éléments relatifs à l’incorporation du Xe dans les minéraux majeurs de la croûte continentale (quartz et feldspath) et du manteau supérieur (olivine). Des échantillons riches en Xe ont été synthétisés et caractérisés ex situ, avant d’être étudiés in situ à haute pressions et températures (T). Des calculs théoriques ont permis de proposer des mécanismes d’incorporation du Xe expliquant les observations expérimentales. Une substitution du Xe au site du Si est mise en évidence dans l’olivine et le quartz, avec la présence de liaisons Xe-O, partiellement covalentes (Xe-O = 1.98-2.09 Å). Jusqu’à 0.4 at% Xe pourrait être stocké dans l’olivine en profondeur et une transition de phase est observée dans le quartz à haute T, avec la formation de (Xe,Si)O2. En présence de Fe et Xe, une séparation de phase est observée entre une phase enrichie et une appauvrie en Fe dans l’olivine et le feldspath, Fe et Xe se stabilisant mutuellement. Enfin, la réactivité de Xe et Kr dans un verre et magma feldspathique est étudiée : Kr est oxydé et forme des liaisons courtes Kr-O (2.49 ± 0.1 Å). Ces nouveaux résultats insistent sur la nécessité de prendre en compte l’incorporation du Xe dans les minéraux silicatés en profondeur dans le cadre du « Xénon manquant »
Storage of Xe in silicate minerals has been proposed to explain the ‘Missing Xenon’ issue, i.e. the low Xe abundance in the Earth’s and Mars’ atmospheres compared to other noble gases and chondrites. However, data about Xe incorporation in minerals remain scarce due to high Xe volatility preventing studies at ambient conditions. Xe incorporation in silicates has been proposed based on experimental evidences at high pressures (P) and temperatures (T). In this PhD thesis we bring new constraints on Xe incorporation in major Earth minerals of the continental crust (quartz and feldspar) and upper mantle (olivine). Xe-bearing samples have been synthesized, characterized ex situ and investigated in situ at high P-T conditions. Theoretical calculations have been performed to propose Xe incorporation sites able to reproduce experimental observations. In olivine and quartz, a Xe for Si substitution is likely, with the formation of at least partially covalent Xe-O bonds of 1.98-2.09 Å. Up to 0.4 at% Xe could be stored in olivine at depth, and in quartz a phase transition toward a new (Xe,Si)O2 phase is evidenced at high T. In presence of Fe and Xe, a phase separation is observed between a Fe-rich phase and a Fe-poor phase for feldspars and olivine, with Xe and Fe stabilizing each other. In presence of excess water, Xe is going into the fluid phase for olivine, while it is retained in a feldspathic melt. Eventually Kr and Xe reactivity in feldspathic glass and melt is evidenced with the observation of Kr oxidation and Kr-O short bonds (2.49 ± 0.1 Å). These constraints on Xe incorporation in silicate melts and minerals at depths could be crucial in the ‘Missing Xenon’ issue

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Chen, Qi. "Partitioning of heavy noble gases between planetary reservoirs at high pressure." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS136.

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Le xénon (Xe) est en déficit dans les atmosphères de la Terre et de Mars par rapport aux autres gaz rares lourds, c’est le paradoxe du Xe manquant. Une possibilité est que le Xe soit stocké dans la croûte inférieure et le manteau supérieur dans les minéraux, fluides et magmas profonds. Pour comprendre la distribution du Xe entre les différents réservoirs terrestres, il est essentiel de connaître les coefficients de partage entre phases en présence, or les valeurs publiées s’étalent sur 7 ordres de grandeur selon les études. Dans cette thèse, nous avons étudié les deux systèmes les plus importants pour le cycle géochimique du Xe: magma/minéraux et fluides/minéraux. Un nouveau protocole basé sur le signal de fluorescence X mesuré en dispersion d’énergie est établi pour mesurer in situ le partage du Xe en conditions de hautes pressionss. L’étude du partage du Xe a ainsi été faite pour trois minéraux majeurs de la croûte continentale (plagioclase) et du manteau supérieur (clinopyroxène et olivine) co-existant avec un magma felsique ou basaltique. Dans tous les cas, le Xe se comporte comme un élément compatible, le coefficient de partage le plus élévé étant mesuré pour le système olivine/basalte (89 ± 22) à 1270 ºC, 2 GPa. Le Xe est donc préférentiellement retenu dans les minéraux, et in fine dans les intérieurs planétaires. Dans le cas des fluides, un signal supplémentaire est observé à 3.7 Å dans les fonctions de distribution radiale en cas de dopage au Xe par rapport à l’eau pure. Cette distance suggère un environnement de type clathrate autour du Xe dans le fluide. Le coefficient de partage du Xe entre fluide et feldspath est de 11-13, indiquant un lessivage préférentiel du Xe
Xenon (Xe) is missing from the Earth’s and Mars’ atmosphere relative to chondritic patterns, known as the ‘missing Xe’. Studies support Xe could be stored at depth with planetary materials such as water, quartz, olivine, and in deep crustal melts. However, Xe behaviour during planetary petrological processes is not well known. One major process to infer the distribution of Xe between planetary reservoirs is partitioning. Nevertheless, published Xe partition coefficients, based on the analysis of samples quenched to room conditions, spread over 7 orders of magnitude. In this PhD thesis we focused on two most relevant systems in the framework of Xe geochemical cycle: magma/minerals and fluids/minerals. A new protocol with X-ray fluorescence signal measured in energy-dispersive probes has been established to in-situ measure Xe partitioning at high pressure. Investigation of Xe partitioning between three major Earth minerals of the continental crust (plagioclase) and upper mantle (clinopyroxene and olivine) coexisting with basaltic/felsic melts found Xe is compatible in all minerals, with a highest value of 89 ± 22 for olivine/basaltic melt at 1270 ºC, 2 GPa. Xe is thus preferentially retained in minerals, favouring the very early retention of Xe in planetary interiors. Compared to pure water, an additional Xe-O distance of ~ 3.7 Å in the radial distribution functions was observed in Xe-doped fluids, suggesting that Xe is in a clathrate-like environment in the fluids, different from Xe local environment in minerals and melts. Xe partitioning between fluids and crystal has been quantified of 11-13, indicating Xe being preferentially retained within fluids

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Книги з теми "Missing Xenon"

Rawlin, Vincent K. Performance of large area xenon ion thrusters for orbit transfer missions. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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Steven, Oleson, and NASA Glenn Research Center, eds. Mission advantages of NEXT: NASA's Evolutionary Xenon Thruster. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2002.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Missing Xenon"

Oleson, Steven, Leon Gefert, Jon Sims, Muriel Noca, Michael Patterson, and Scott Benson. "Mission Advantages of NEXT: NASA's Evolutionary Xenon Thruster." In 38th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2002-3969.

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Oh, David, Scott Benson, Kevin Witzberger, and Michael Cupples. "Deep Space Mission Applications for NEXT: NASA's Evolutionary Xenon Thruster." In 40th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2004-3806.

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Snyder, John S., Ian K. Johnson, Taylor Kerl, and Jeff Baldwin. "Pre-Flight Assessment of Xenon Propellant Usage and Usage Uncertainty for the Psyche Mission." In AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2021 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-3427.

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Rangsten, Pelle, Tor-Arne Gro¨nland, Ha˚kan Johansson, Kerstin Jonsson, Johan Bejhed, and Mattias Carlqvist. "Development of MEMS-Based Components and Subsystems for Spacecraft Propulsion." In CANEUS 2006: MNT for Aerospace Applications. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/caneus2006-11079.

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Development of a MEMS-based (Micro Electro Mechanical System) components and subsystems has been pursued at Uppsala University, Sweden since 1997. Since 2005, the continued development towards the first flight the subject MEMS products onboard a satellite in 2008 is done within the frame of NanoSpace — a company dedicated to MEMS-based products for space. Currently, two major efforts to develop MEMS-based propulsion products are ongoing. First, NanoSpace is developing a miniaturized cold gas propulsion system. The major challenge in this effort is to develop the thruster module containing four individual thrusters with the capability to deliver proportional, low noise thrust in the micro- to milli-Newton range. The thruster pod even includes valves, filters, pressure- and temperature sensors and heaters. In a future step, even control electronics and a CAN interface will be included in the thrusters pod which has the size of a golf ball and a weight of about 100 grams. A prototype of this miniaturized cold gas propulsion will be flight tested onboard the PRISMA satellite. PRISMA is an international technology demonstration program with focus on rendezvous and formation flying. It is a two satellite LEO mission with a launch scheduled to September 2008. The other major development effort underway is a MEMS-based Xenon flow control system intended for electrical propulsion systems. Using MEMS technology, a Xenon feed system including an micro isolation valve, pressure regulator, and a number of parallel flow control modules can be built with significantly reduced size and mass compared to existing systems based on conventional technology. NanoSpace is a Swedish company with the goal to be a component and subsystem supplier of MEMS-based products to space industry, based on own research and development and intellectual property rights.

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