Готові списки джерел за темами / Mismatch losses

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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 4 травня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Mismatch losses"

1

Lorente, Daniel Gómez, Simone Pedrazzi, Gabriele Zini, Alberto Dalla Rosa, and Paolo Tartarini. "Mismatch losses in PV power plants." Solar Energy 100 (February 2014): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2013.11.026.

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2

Lappalainen, Kari, and Seppo Valkealahti. "Photovoltaic mismatch losses caused by moving clouds." Solar Energy 158 (December 2017): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.10.001.

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3

Chamberlin, Charles E., Peter Lehman, James Zoellick, and Gian Pauletto. "Effects of mismatch losses in photovoltaic arrays." Solar Energy 54, no. 3 (March 1995): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-092x(94)00120-3.

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4

Budría, Santiago, and Ana Moro-Egido. "OVERQUALIFICATION, SKILL MISMATCHES AND WAGES IN PRIVATE SECTOR EMPLOYMENT IN EUROPE." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 20, no. 3 (April 9, 2014): 457–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2014.883341.

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This paper uses a sample of private sector male workers from the European Community Household Panel to examine the wage effects of educational mismatches across segments of the earnings distribution in 12 countries. We consider two types of mismatch, overqualification and skills mismatches. By differentiating between quantiles, we discriminate between groups of workers with different unobservable earnings conditions. We find that the detrimental effects of skill mismatches on wages are larger than those of overqualification in most segments of the earnings distribution. Moreover, we find that the pay penalty of educational mismatch tends to be higher among workers with higher unconditional wages. This finding suggests that the mismatch phenomenon entails wage losses over and above those attributable to unobservable earnings determinants, including ability and skills possessed by workers.
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5

Zheng, Jiaming, Yi Du, Dachuan Chen, Wucheng Ying, Hui Zhao, Kefu Liu, and Jian Qiu. "Resonant Gate Drive Circuit with Active Clamping to Increase Efficiency and Reliability." World Electric Vehicle Journal 15, no. 2 (February 18, 2024): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj15020074.

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In power converters with high switching frequency, drive losses constitute a significant portion of the overall power losses. Resonant gate drivers can reduce drive losses, thereby enhancing the efficiency. However, resonant drivers suffer certain challenges: parameter drifts lead to the mismatch between the resonant frequency and the control frequency, and this mismatch can cause gate-to-source voltage overshoot. Moreover, the resonant driver is susceptible to external interference. This paper proposes a resonant circuit structure and control timing scheme aimed at overcoming these limitations. By incorporating a half-bridge clamp circuit, the proposed design achieves voltage clamping, thereby insulating the system from disturbances caused by mains power fluctuations. When there is a mismatch in resonant frequencies, the strategy employs a combination of hardware circuit diodes and control system timing to prevent overvoltage issues. Additionally, the utilization of MOSFETs minimizes the loss caused by prolonged current flow through body diodes, further reducing the resonant driving losses. Simulations have demonstrated the system’s stability under varying resonant parameters and its effective anti-interference capabilities in voltage clamping. Experiments achieved a power saving of 83.3% at a 1 MHz operating frequency. Both simulations and experimental validations confirm the feasibility of the proposed solution, its effectiveness in interference suppression, handling of resonant mismatches, and its role in further augmenting power conservation.
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6

Fiurasek, JaromIR, and Jan Perina. "Raman and Brillouin couplers with losses and phase mismatch." Journal of Modern Optics 46, no. 8 (July 1, 1999): 1255–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500349908231334.

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7

ZILLES, R., and E. LORENZO. "AN ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR MISMATCH LOSSES IN PV ARRAYS." International Journal of Solar Energy 13, no. 2 (January 1992): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01425919208909779.

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8

Picault, D., B. Raison, S. Bacha, J. de la Casa, and J. Aguilera. "Forecasting photovoltaic array power production subject to mismatch losses." Solar Energy 84, no. 7 (July 2010): 1301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2010.04.009.

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9

Shan, Chuan, Kangwen Sun, Dongji Cheng, Xinzhe Ji, Jian Gao, and Tong Zou. "A Novel Reverse Combination Configuration to Reduce Mismatch Loss for Stratospheric Airship Photovoltaic Arrays." Applied Sciences 14, no. 2 (January 15, 2024): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14020747.

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Enhancing the output power of stratospheric airship photovoltaic arrays during months with weak irradiance is crucial for extending the endurance of airships. Models for predicting the output power of photovoltaic arrays and the phenomenon of mismatch losses have been proposed. However, static reconstruction schemes to reduce or eliminate mismatch losses have not been studied. In this paper, an output power model for stratospheric airship arrays including the solar radiation and irradiance distribution is established. The characteristics of the irradiance distribution for the photovoltaic array (PV) are investigated through simulation. Furthermore, an innovative reverse combination configuration is developed and compared to the SP and TCT configurations in terms of performance, mismatch loss and fill factor. Finally, simulations are conducted for a full-day irradiance period of 4 days in a real wind field. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed RC configuration significantly reduces mismatch losses and output power fluctuations, thereby enhancing the PV array’s output power. This research provides interesting insights for the design of PV array topologies for stratospheric airships.
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10

Shin, Hyun Song. "Overcoming ‘original sin’ to secure policy space." Oxford Review of Economic Policy 39, no. 2 (April 10, 2023): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grad018.

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Abstract More than two decades after the emerging market crises of the 1990s, foreign investors are now active investors in emerging-market local-currency-denominated sovereign bonds. In this sense, emerging market governments have overcome ‘Original Sin’—the dictum that emerging market borrowers cannot borrow from foreigners in their own currency. However, although the borrowers no longer bear the risk of currency mismatches, the mismatch has migrated to the lenders’ balance sheet in the sense that investors evaluate gains and losses in terms of dollars or other major currencies. This paper examines the associated risks and potential remedies to financial stability risks stemming from this migration of currency mismatch from the borrower to the lender.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Mismatch losses"

1

Braid, Robert Michael. "Characterisation and mismatch losses of building integrated photovoltaic generation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420229.

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2

Picault, Damien. "Reduction of mismatch losses in grid-connected photovoltaic systems using alternative topologies." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00545432.

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L'expansion des systèmes photovoltaïques (PV) a mis en évidence la présence de pertes par couplage des modules, ou pertes par mismatch, privant les producteurs d'énergie électrique supplémentaire. Cette thèse vise à mieux comprendre les causes et mécanismes des pertes par mismatch dans le cas des installations connectées au réseau électrique. Deux solutions pour réduire ces pertes sont proposées, étudiées et comparées. La modélisation des champs PV soumis à l'ombrage pour la prévision de production électrique sera abordée et le modèle validé expérimentalement. Une première solution consistant à modifier le schéma de câblage du champ sera présentée. Ensuite, des architectures alternatives de systèmes raccordées au réseau visant à limiter le mismatch des modules grâce à l'implantation d'électronique de puissance seront évaluées. Pour conclure ce travail, une comparaison globale des solutions sera menée en s'appuyant sur des systèmes de tailles résidentielle et commerciale
The expansion of photovoltaic (PV) systems has revealed the presence of losses due to module coupling, better known as mismatch losses, depriving producers from additional and available electric energy. This thesis aims to better understand the causes and mechanisms of mismatch losses in grid-connected installations. Two solutions to reduce these losses are proposed, studied, and compared. The modelling of PV systems submitted to shade for power production forecasts will be presented and validated experimentally. The first solution proposed consists in modifying the connection scheme of the array. Then, alternative grid-connected PV system topologies aiming to reduce module mismatch through power electronic device implementation within the solar array will be studied. This work will conclude with a global comparison of the proposed solutions based on the study of residential and commercial-sized installations
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3

Larsen, Alexander, and Pontus Lindquist. "Forecasting mismatch losses: An empirical study investigating module level inverter- and string inverter systems." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-148089.

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The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the correlation between irradiance and power output for a system with a module level inverter and a string inverter, respectively. An empirical study has been conducted and inverters in photovoltaic systems will be discussed and divided into two types; module level and string inverters. Different sources of mismatch such as degradation, partial shading and manufacturing issues are also part of the study.    The predicted mismatch for the string inverter system is 2,6 %, based on flash test data for fresh cells, although that value is likely to be underrated due to aging effects not accounted for in the model.   The system equipped with module level inverters generated 6,1 % more energy during the measured period. Although the period of measuring is short and the number of systems compared is small, this study has identified multiple sources that explain why the string inverter system is inferior and is outperformed by the module level inverter system regarding power output.
Syftet med detta arbete är att utforska korrelationen mellan solinstrålning och producerad effekt för två olika system. Det ena systemet består av lokala växelriktare och det andra av en strängomriktare. En empirisk studie har utförts och i detta arbete diskuteras växelriktare i fotovoltaiska system. Olika orsaker till varför förlorad effekt uppstår mellan modulerna så som ålder, skuggning och tillverkningsfel omfattas även av detta arbete.   Det förutspådda värdet på effektförluster mellan modulerna i strängomriktarsystemet uppgick till 2,6 %, vilket är baserat på flash tester för nya solceller. Detta värde är troligtvis underskattat med tanke på att de celler som använts är föråldrade och att effekten av detta inte är medtaget i beräkningarna.   Systemet med lokala växelriktare genererade 6,1 % mer elektricitet under den uppmätta perioden. Fastän den uppmätta perioden var kort och antalet system som studerades var litet så kunde flera faktorer identifieras som förklarar varför strängomriktare är underlägsna lokala växelriktare sett till producerad effekt.
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4

Srinivasan, Harish. "FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF SOI WAVEGUIDE LOSSES." UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/485.

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Bending loss in silicon-on-insulator rib waveguides was calculated using conformal mapping of the curved waveguide to an equivalent straight waveguide. Finite-element analysis with perfectly matched layer boundaries was used to solve the vector wave equation. Transmission loss was experimentally measured as a function of bend radius for several SOI waveguides. Good agreement was found between simulated and measured losses, and this technique was confirmed as a good predictor for loss and for minimum bend radius for efficient design.
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5

Kenyon, Jonathan Dallas. "Loss of Mismatch Repair in the Aging Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1354917428.

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6

Mackean, Melanie. "The clinical significance of loss of DNA mismatch repair in ovarian cancer patients : an immunohistochemical study." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29239.

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Loss of mismatch repair (MMR) and, in particular, loss of MLH1 is associated with acquired cisplatin resistance of ovarian tumour cell line models. The aim of this thesis is to examine in ovarian cancer patients the clinical prognostic significance of the MMR proteins MLH1 and MSH2 when measured at disease presentation. We have developed immunohistochemistry (IHC) and a scoring system for the expression of MLH1 and MSH2 in paraffin embedded tissues. We have scored both the intensity of staining (I-score) and percentage of cells staining (%-score). We have validated this technique with good agreement in scoring over time, between blocks and between observers (inter-observer kappa scores of ³ 0.629, intra-observer kappa scores of ³ 0.646 and intra-slide kappa scores of ³ 0.583). There was a positive correlation of Ki67, (a proliferation maker), with I-MLH1, %-MLH1 and %-MSH2 scores (p=0.002; <0.001 and 0.001) but not with p53 scores. We examined prechemotherapy samples from 58 patients with a histological diagnosis of advanced ovarian carcinoma, who were then treated with primary chemotherapy regimens containing cisplatin. Advanced stage was associated with increased percentage cells positive for MLH1, MSH2 and Ki67 (p = 0.0092, 0.0049 and 0.0054 respectively). We performed a multivariate analysis allowing for known clinical prognostic factors, (i.e. type of chemotherapy given, stage, performance status and residual disease). Patients with a loss of intensity of staining for MMR proteins prechemotherapy showed a poor survival (Hazard Ratio, HR=3.64; p=0.0012) and poor progression free survival (HR=2.37; p=0.016). Similarly patients showing a reduced intensity of MLH1 staining showed a poor overall survival (HR=2.17; p=0.031). There was no correlation of MMR proteins and tumour response to treatment. Although further prospective validation studies will be necessary, our observations support the proposal that low MLH1 and/or MSH2 expression is associated with resistance in vivo of ovarian tumours to cisplatin and hence poor survival of patients after cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
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7

Bertoli, Sibylle, Jacek Smurzynski, and Rudolf Probst. "Effects of Age, Age-Related Hearing Loss, and Contralateral Cafeteria Noise on the Discrimination of Small Frequency Changes: Psychoacoustic and Electrophysiological Measures." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1989.

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The aim of the study was to examine central auditory processes compromised by age, age-related hearing loss, and the presentation of a distracting cafeteria noise using auditory event-related potentials (ERPs). In addition, the relation of ERPs to behavioral measures of discrimination was investigated. Three groups of subjects participated: young normal hearing, elderly subjects with normal hearing for their age, and elderly hearing-impaired subjects. Psychoacoustic frequency discrimination thresholds for a 1000-Hz pure tone were determined in quiet and in the presence of a contralateral cafeteria noise. To elicit ERPs, small frequency contrasts were presented with and without noise under unattended and attended conditions. In the attended condition, behavioral measures of d′ detectability and reaction times were also obtained. Noise affected all measures of behavioral frequency discrimination significantly. Except N1, all ERP components in the standard and difference waveforms decreased significantly in amplitude and increased in latency to the same degree in all three subject groups, arguing against a specific age-related sensitivity to the effects of contralateral background noise. For N1 amplitude, the effect of noise was different in the three subject groups, with a complex interaction of age, hearing loss, and attention. Behavioral frequency discrimination was not affected by age but deteriorated significantly in the elderly subjects with hearing loss. In the electrophysiological test, age-related changes occurred at various levels. The most prominent finding in the response to the standard stimuli was a sustained negativity (N2) following P2 in the young subjects that was absent in the elderly, possibly indicating a deficit in the inhibition of irrelevant information processing. In the attended difference waveform, significantly larger N2b and smaller P3b amplitudes and longer N2b and P3b latencies were observed in the elderly indicating different processing strategies. The pronounced age-related changes in the later cognitive components suggest that the discrimination of difficult contrasts, although behaviorally maintained, becomes more effortful in the elderly.
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8

Vatka, E. (Emma). "Boreal populations facing climatic and habitat changes." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526203607.

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Abstract Anthropogenic climate change and habitat loss and deterioration affect populations worldwide. Climate warming has changed phenologies of many species across trophic levels. Some predator populations now experience temporal mismatches with their prey, as timings of peak prey abundance and of the predator’s highest food demands no longer meet. The temporal mismatch hypothesis suggests that the population’s recruitment rate is related to its degree of synchrony with the food resources needed to feed offspring. However, species’ and populations’ responses to climate warming differ. Human land use alters and destroys habitats of countless species. For example, many boreal forest bird populations have declined, presumably due to intensive forestry. It has decreased the amount of dead wood, causing a threat to saproxylic species. Identification of the key characteristics of high-quality habitats is essential for conservation planning and for developing sustainable forestry. As individuals are suspected to settle in habitats that maximize their fitness, analysis of nest site selection can be used to identify the key habitats. My dissertation concerns the impacts of climate change and habitat deterioration on boreal populations. I use hole-nesting passerines as model species. By utilizing long-term data I show that breeding phenologies of Parus major and Poecile montanus, but not of Cyanistes caeruleus, have shifted earlier. Also, the timing of the food peak has advanced, improving the synchrony between P. montanus and caterpillars. In P. major and C. caeruleus, synchrony has remained good. However, the positive effect of good synchrony on breeding success seems to be conditional, arising only in certain circumstances, such as in years of high caterpillar abundance. I suggest that in boreal populations temperature affects timing of breeding mostly as a proximate factor. The availability of standing decaying trees used for nesting sites was the most important habitat characteristic determining the nest site selection of P. montanus. Remote sensing data alone was insufficient to produce reliable models, as the ecologically important small-scale factor can only be determined by direct field surveys. Omission of forest thinning in selected forest sites would ensure the continuous availability of decaying wood with positive influence on biodiversity in managed forests
Tiivistelmä Ihmisen aiheuttama habitaattien katoaminen ja huononeminen sekä ilmastonmuutos vaikuttavat populaatioihin kaikkialla maailmassa. Ilmaston lämpeneminen on muuttanut monien lajien fenologioita eri trofiatasoilla. Osalla saalistajalajien populaatioista suurin ravinnontarve ei enää ajoitu samaan aikaan saaliin runsaushuipun kanssa. Ajoituksen eriaikaisuus -hypoteesin mukaan todennäköisyys populaatioon rekrytoitumiselle riippuu synkronian asteesta saaliin kanssa. Ilmaston lämpenemisen vaikutuksissa lajeihin ja populaatioihin on kuitenkin vaihtelua. Ihmisen maankäyttö muuttaa ja tuhoaa lukuisien lajien elinympäristöjä. Esimerkiksi useiden boreaalisten metsien lintupopulaatioiden pienentymistä on selitetty intensiivisellä metsätaloudella. Lahopuun määrä metsissä on vähentynyt, mikä on uhka lahopuusta riippuvaisille lajeille. Korkealaatuisten habitaattien keskeisten piirteiden tunnistaminen on tärkeää luonnonsuojelun ja kestävän metsätalouden suunnittelulle. Koska yksilöiden oletetaan valitsevan niiden kelpoisuutta maksimoivia elinympäristöjä, pesäpaikanvalinta-analyysiä voidaan käyttää tärkeiden habitaattipiirteiden tunnistamiseen. Tarkastelen väitöskirjassani ilmastonmuutoksen ja habitaattien laadun vaikutuksia boreaalisiin populaatioihin. Mallilajeina käytän koloissa pesiviä varpuslintuja. Hyödyntämällä pitkäaikaisaineistoja osoitan, että lisääntymisen ajoittuminen on aikaistunut tali- ja hömötiaisella, mutta ei sinitiaisella. Myös ravintohuippu on aikaistunut, mikä on parantanut synkroniaa hömötiaisen ja sen pääasiallisen ravinnon eli toukkien välillä. Tali- ja sinitiaisella synkronia on pysynyt hyvänä. Hyvän synkronian myönteinen vaikutus lisääntymismenestykseen vaikuttaa kuitenkin ehdolliselta: se tulee esiin vain tietyissä olosuhteissa, kuten vuosina jolloin toukkia on runsaasti. Kevään lämpötilat näyttävät vaikuttavan pesinnän ajoittumiseen erityisesti proksimaattisena tekijänä. Pesäpaikkoina toimivien seisovien lahopuiden määrä on tärkein hömötiaisen pesäpaikanvalintaa määräävä tekijä. Kaukokartoitusaineisto yksinään ei riitä luotettavien mallien tuottamiseen, sillä ekologisesti tärkeät pienen skaalan tekijät voidaan kartoittaa vain suorin maastomittauksin. Metsien harventamatta jättäminen valituilla laikuilla turvaisi lahopuun jatkuvan saatavuuden, mikä vaikuttaisi myönteisesti talousmetsien biodiversiteettiin
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9

Picault, Damien. "REDUCTION OF MISMATCH LOSSES IN GRID-CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS USING ALTERNATIVE TOPOLOGIES." Phd thesis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545432.

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Анотація:
L'expansion des systèmes photovoltaïques (PV) a mis en évidence la présence de pertes par couplage des modules, ou pertes par mismatch, privant les producteurs d'énergie électrique supplémentaire. Cette thèse vise à mieux comprendre les causes et mécanismes des pertes par mismatch dans le cas des installations connectées au réseau électrique. Deux solutions pour réduire ces pertes sont proposées, étudiées et comparées. La modélisation des champs PV soumis à l'ombrage pour la prévision de production électrique sera abordée et le modèle validé expérimentalement. Une première solution consistant à modifier le schéma de câblage du champ sera présentée. Ensuite, des architectures alternatives de systèmes raccordées au réseau visant à limiter le mismatch des modules grâce à l'implantation d'électronique de puissance seront évaluées. Pour conclure ce travail, une comparaison globale des solutions sera menée en s'appuyant sur des systèmes de tailles résidentielle et commerciale.
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10

Shams, El-Dein Mohamed. "Novel Designs for Photovoltaic Arrays to Reduce Partial Shading Losses and to Ease Series Arc Fault Detection." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7092.

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Анотація:
A mismatch in a photovoltaic array implies differences in the I-V characteristics of the modules forming the array which can lead to significant energy losses known as mismatch losses. The sources of mismatch losses could be easy- or difficult-to-predict sources. This thesis proposes novel designs for photovoltaic arrays to reduce mismatch losses. The mismatch from easy-to-predict sources and its resulting losses can be reduced by altering the interconnection of the array. Therefore, this thesis proposes an optimal total-cross-tied interconnection, based on a thorough mathematical formulation, which can significantly reduce mismatch losses from easy-to-predict sources. Application examples of the operation of the optimal total-cross-tied interconnection under partial shading are presented. The effect of partial shading caused by easy- or difficult-to-predict sources can be considerably reduced by photovoltaic array reconfiguration. This thesis proposes a novel mathematical formulation for the optimal reconfiguration of photovoltaic arrays to minimize partial shading losses. The thesis formulates the reconfiguration problem as a mixed integer quadratic programming problem and finds the optimal solution using branch-and-bound algorithm. The proposed formulation can be used for equal or non-equal number of modules per row. Moreover, it can be used for fully reconfigurable or partially-reconfigurable arrays. Application examples of the operation of the reconfigurable photovoltaic array under partial shading are presented. Finally, the recently updated American National Electric Code requires the presence of a series arc fault detector in any Photovoltaic installation operating at a voltage greater than or equal to 80V. However, the Photovoltaic market nowadays lacks the presence of an accurate series arc fault detector that can detect series arc faults and discriminate between them and partial shading. The work in this thesis proposes an algorithm that can detect series arc faults and discriminate between them and partial shading in total-cross-tied arrays. This algorithm is based on the measurement of instantaneous row voltages.
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Книги з теми "Mismatch losses"

1

Kosstrin, Hannah. The Wandering Frog That Did Not Travel Well. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199396924.003.0004.

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American critical reactions to Anna Sokolow’s Mexican works Wandering Frog (1940) and Lament for the Death of a Bullfighter (1941) displayed the differences between Mexican and American modernism. US critics read the dances as ethnic instead of revolutionary within an anticommunist American critical discourse of ethnic and ethnologic dance. The resonance of Sokolow’s choreography among the transnational Left in the 1930s fell flat given the United States’ wartime demonization of Communism and shift in American dance coverage from leftist to mainstream newspapers and magazines. This spectatorial mismatch ended in a loss of nuance in the public readings of her dances, but created space for dances like Kaddish (1945) to be transgressive while appearing universal. Kaddish and Mexican Retablo (1946) display Sokolow’s feminist subversion of ritual in reaction to the Holocaust. They account for a human tragedy she railed against and publicly mourned in its aftermath.
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2

Hedenstierna, Göran, and Hans Ulrich Rothen. Physiology of positive-pressure ventilation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0088.

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During positive pressure ventilation the lung volume is reduced because of loss of respiratory muscle tone. This promotes airway closure that occurs in dependent lung regions. Gas absorption behind the closed airway results sooner or later in atelectasis depending on the inspired oxygen concentration. The elevated airway and alveolar pressures squeeze blood flow down the lung so that a ventilation/perfusion mismatch ensues with more ventilation going to the upper lung regions and more perfusion going to the lower, dependent lung. Positive pressure ventilation may impede the return of venous blood to the thorax and right heart. This raises venous pressure, causing an increase in systemic capillary pressure with increased capillary leakage and possible oedema formation in peripheral organs. Steps that can be taken to counter the negative effects of mechanical ventilation include an increase in lung volume by recruitment of collapsed lung and an appropriate positive end-expiratory pressure, to keep aerated lung open and to prevent cyclic airway closure. Maintaining normo- or hypervolaemia to make the pulmonary circulation less vulnerable to increased airway and alveolar pressures, and preserving or mimicking spontaneous breaths, in addition to the mechanical breaths, since they may improve matching of ventilation and blood flow, may increase venous return and decrease systemic organ oedema formation (however, risk of respiratory muscle fatigue, and even overexpansion of lung if uncontrolled).
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Частини книг з теми "Mismatch losses"

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Satpathy, Priya Ranjan, Pritam Bhowmik, Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu, Renu Sharma, and Chiranjit Sain. "Bypass Diodes Configurations for Mismatch Losses Mitigation in Solar PV Modules." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 197–208. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7076-3_18.

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Weik, Martin H. "mismatch loss." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1024. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_11595.

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Weik, Martin H. "profile mismatch loss." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1345. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_14812.

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Weik, Martin H. "mismatch of core radii loss." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1024. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_11596.

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Weik, Martin H. "refractive-index profile mismatch loss." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1452. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_15876.

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Lubchenco, Jane, and Peter M. Haugan. "Integrated Ocean Management." In The Blue Compendium, 523–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16277-0_14.

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AbstractWith the unprecedented growth in economic activities relating to the ocean economy, the need for a sustainable concept where socioeconomic development can occur without environmental degradation is widely recognised. This is manifested at the global level by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which provides the basic global framework for ocean governance (United Nations 1982). Since then, the ocean economy has continued to grow alongside our need for food, energy, transportation and recreation from the ocean. Existing ocean industries expand while new ones appear. At the same time, new challenges are emerging as a result of climate change, loss of biodiversity, pollution and extractive activities. Our ocean is now facing these pressures at unprecedented rates and magnitudes. The mismatch between the drive for short- term economic gain versus long-term prosperity and a healthy, resilient ocean is increasingly apparent. As a result, we see a pressing need for holistic, knowledge- based and ecosystem-based approaches to ocean management. Integrated ocean management (IOM) is such an approach.
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Siren, Anu. "Beyond Accessibility: Transport Systems as a Societal Structure Supporting Inclusion in Late-Life." In International Perspectives on Aging, 327–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51406-8_25.

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AbstractMobility is associated with well-being, and an age-inclusive transport system is a prerequisite for satisfactory mobility throughout the life course. Yet a transport system – including the physical characteristics of environments, planning processes, design, and policies – involves more than allowing people and goods to move from one location to another. Rather, it is an arena of everyday life, related not only to direct service accessibility but also to wider social inclusion. If the structures surrounding late life transport mobility can match the changing needs of older adults in a changing society, they have the potential for supporting good ageing and social inclusion. Accessibility problems can be targeted through single-domain interventions, such as online shopping, telemedicine and care at home. However, targeting the loss of social inclusion caused by lack of transportation requires a broader understanding of transport as a social structure. This chapter reviews the scholarship on the links between transport mobility, well-being and social inclusion or exclusion. To demonstrate the mismatch between individual aspirations and surrounding structures, it revisits the concept of “structural lag” from the transport perspective. It also gives an overview of knowledge gaps related to transport and social inclusion or exclusion in late life.
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Shibata, Darryl. "Microsatellite analysis of human tumours." In Microsatellites: Evolution and Applications, 266–74. Oxford University PressOxford, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198504085.003.0020.

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Abstract Human tumours arise after the accumulation of a number of somatic mutations. Many aspects of tumour evolution or progression are unknown, since serial observations are rare. Since tumours consist of populations of tumour cells, phylogenetic approaches may help to unravel their evolution. The recent discovery of human tumours with high frequencies of mutations at microsatellite loci (up to 0.01 per division), due to losses in DNA mismatch repair, provide practical opportunities to follow tumour evolution, since detectable frameshifts accumulate after relatively few divisions. In addition, the availability of cell lines and transgenic mice lacking DNA mismatch repair provide practical experimental models of microsatellite mutational processes.
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Benítez, Pablo, Fernando Muñoz, and Juan C. Miñano. "Optimal Classification Criterium to Minimise the Mismatch Losses in PV Series Arrays." In Sixteenth European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 2398–401. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315074405-87.

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Lewis, Jordan P. "Honoring and Preserving Culture Through Indigenous Cultural Generative Acts to Reduce Generative Mismatch and Improve the Health of All Generations." In Social Aspects of Aging in Indigenous Communities, 361—C15P58. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197677216.003.0016.

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Abstract The gerontological literature predominantly focuses on aging-related losses and less on the gifts people acquire as they age. Alaska Native Elders have experienced a lifetime of adversity but have also remained resilient. One characteristics of successful aging among Alaska Native Elders is their commitment and passion for sharing their teachings with the youth. Generativity is concerned with using personal resources to improve the quality of life for future generations. Although not commonly used in gerontological social work research, it is a cultural practice among Indigenous Elders. For this chapter, 108 interviews with Alaska Native Elders explored successful aging. This chapter examines how generativity can be adapted to meet the changing needs and desires of the younger generations and bridge the generative mismatch happening between generations. It also explores innovative and culturally responsive ways to teach the youth and provide a sense of purpose and meaning for Elders.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Mismatch losses"

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Chaudhari, Chetan, Gregory M. Kimball, Raymond Hickey, and Ben Bourne. "Quantification of System-Level Mismatch Losses using PVMismatch." In 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2018.8548107.

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Sako, Elson Yoiti, Joao Lucas de Souza Silva, Daniel de Bastos Mesquita, Rafael Espino Campos, Hugo Soeiro Moreira, and Marcelo Gradella Villalva. "Concepts and Case Study of Mismatch Losses in Photovoltaic Modules." In 2019 IEEE 15th Brazilian Power Electronics Conference and 5th IEEE Southern Power Electronics Conference (COBEP/SPEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cobep/spec44138.2019.9065311.

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Pareek, Smita, Rahul Runthala, and Ratna Dahiya. "Mismatch losses in SPV systems subjected to partial shading conditions." In 2013 International Conference on Advanced Electronic Systems (ICAES). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaes.2013.6659427.

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Hornung, Patrick, Helmut Nesswetter, Rainer Müller, and Claus Zimmermann. "Understanding Solar Cell Mismatch Losses Through Statistical Evaluation and Simulation." In 2023 13th European Space Power Conference (ESPC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/espc59009.2023.10298155.

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Picault, D., B. Raison, S. Bacha, J. Aguilera, and J. De La Casa. "Changing photovoltaic array interconnections to reduce mismatch losses: a case study." In 2010 9th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeeic.2010.5490027.

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Nayak, Byamakesh, Alivarani Mohapatra, and Priti Das. "Optimal hybrid array configuration scheme to reduce mismatch losses of photovoltaic system." In 2017 Second International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icecct.2017.8117990.

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Wickert, Mark, and David Peckham. "Matched Filter Mismatch Losses in MPSK and MQAM Using Semi-Analytic BEP Modeling." In Python in Science Conference. SciPy, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25080/majora-342d178e-00e.

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Lobera, D. Torres, and S. Valkealahti. "Mismatch losses in PV power generators caused by partial shading due to clouds." In 2013 4th IEEE International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pedg.2013.6785587.

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MacAlpine, Sara M., and David A. Bowersox. "Evaluation of Module Mismatch Losses and Generation Impact in Utility Scale PV Systems." In 2023 IEEE 50th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48320.2023.10359944.

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Smith, Ryan M., Manjunath Matam, and Hubert Seigneur. "Mismatch Losses in Simulated Commercial and Utility-scale PV Arrays due to Shortened Strings." In 2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc48317.2022.9938878.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Mismatch losses"

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Govoni, Mark A., Jeffrey S. Spak, and Lee R. Moyer. Analysis of Polarization Mismatch Loss for Horizontal Linear Feature Detection. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada565520.

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Govoni, Mark A., Jeffrey S. Spak, and Lee R. Moyer. Analysis of Polarization Mismatch Loss for Horizontal Linear Feature Detection. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada569945.

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Counas, George J., and Bill C. Yates. Measurement of adapter loss, mismatch, and efficiency using the dual six-point. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.88-3096.

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Weiner, M. M. Available Loss Factor Noise Factor, and Efficiency of a Mismatched Transmission Line. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada167104.

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Hausmann, Ricardo, Ugo Panizza, and Ernesto H. Stein. Why Do Countries Float the Way They Float? Inter-American Development Bank, May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010778.

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Countries that are classified as having floating exchange rate systems (or very wide bands) show strikingly different patterns of behavior. They hold very different levels of international reserves and allow very different volatilities in the movements of the exchange rate relative to the volatility that they tolerate either on the level of reserves or in interest rates. We document these differences and present a model that explains them as the optimal response of a Central Bank that attempts to minimize a standard loss function, in an environment in which firms are credit-constrained and incomplete markets limit their ability to avoid currency mismatches. This model suggests that the difference in the way countries float could be related to their differing levels of exchange rate pass-through and differences in their ability to avoid currency mismatches. We test these implications and find a very strong and robust relationship between the pattern of floating and the ability of a country to borrow internationally in its own currency. We find weaker and less robust evidence on the importance of pass-through to account for differences across countries with respect to their exchange rate/monetary management.
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Maré, David C., Richard Fabling, and Dean R. Hyslop. Motu Economic Public Policy and Research. Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29310/wp.2023.12.

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Past research finds evidence that workers’ labour market outcomes are enhanced if they live in areas with greater job opportunities and employment density. Using two alternative measures of the employment density and job opportunities faced by workers in the local labour market in which they were displaced, this paper analyses their effects on the subsequent migration decisions and labour market outcomes of workers who involuntarily lose their jobs as part of a firm closure or mass layoff event. Our analysis finds only limited support for the spatial mismatch hypothesis. The results imply that workers displaced from jobs in areas with greater employment density or job opportunities are more likely to emigrate, are less likely to be re-employed following layoff and have lower subsequent earnings, although earnings are higher conditional on being employed. However, if employed, workers displaced in areas with more opportunities are less likely to have moved area, but more likely to have changed industry, and have a more similar job to that from which they were displaced.
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Leiderman, Leonardo, and Arturo Galindo. Living with Dollarization and the Route to Dedollarization. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010840.

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Financial dollarization in Latin America has been growing over time in spite of a major reduction in inflation and a shift toward central bank independence. After discussing the key stylized facts of dollarization and dedollarization in the region, we discuss the risks this process poses to the region. In particular, we explore the validity of concerns about the effectiveness of monetary policy in a dollarized economy and about a loss of seigniorage revenue in such an economy. After concluding that to a large extent these concerns lack empirical support, we focus on the main reason for concern: increased vulnerability due to the dollarization of public and private debt. We emphasize the importance of precautionary/regulatory measures to limit the scope of mismatches originating from liability dollarization, and of developing financial instruments designed to hedge against currency risk. Moreover, we deal with the experience of policies directly aimed at deepening domestic financial markets in local currency assets and in gradually lengthening the maturity of these assets. We find that important lessons from the experience of dedollarization in Israel are of particular interest for Latin America.
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Hynd, David, Caroline Wallbank, Jonathan Kent, Ciaran Ellis, Arun Kalaiyarasan, Robert Hunt, and Matthias Seidl. Costs and Benefits of Electronic Stability Control in Selected G20 Countries. TRL, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.58446/lsrg3377.

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This report, commissioned by Bloomberg Philanthropies, finds that 42,000 lives could be saved and 150,000 serious injuries prevented by 2030 if all new cars in seven G20 countries were required to be equipped with an inexpensive crash avoidance technology starting in 2020. Thirteen G20 counties currently adhere to United Nations regulations on electronic stability control (ESC). If the seven remaining countries—Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico and South Africa—also mandated ESC in 2020, the report estimates $21.5 billion in economic benefit to those countries from the prevention of deaths and serious injuries. Argentina and Brazil are due to start applying ESC regulations in 2020. The UK-based Transport Research Laboratory (TRL) conducted the independent study of costs and benefits of applying ESC regulation in G20 countries, which are responsible for 98% of the world’s passenger car production. This report comes before the 3rd Ministerial Conference on Road Safety in Stockholm, which is the largest gathering of governments and is a key opportunity for adoption of this UN-recommended standard. According to the World Health Organization’s Global Road Safety Report, the number of road traffic deaths reached 1.35 million in 2016. Of all vehicle safety features, electronic stability control is regarded as the most important one for crash avoidance since it is 38% effective in reducing the number of deaths in loss-of-control collisions. ESC tries to prevent skidding and loss of control in cases of over-steering and under-steering. The technology continuously monitors a vehicle’s direction of travel, steering wheel angle and the speed at which the individual wheels are rotating. If there is a mismatch between the intended direction of travel and the actual direction of travel, as indicated by the steering wheel position, ESC will selectively apply the brakes and modulate the engine power to keep the vehicle traveling along the intended path. The cost of implementing ESC on vehicles that already contain anti-lock braking systems is thought to be as little as $50 per car. And the report finds the benefits are significant: For every dollar spent by consumers in purchasing vehicles with these technologies, there is a US$2.80 return in economic benefit to society because of the deaths and serious injuries avoided. The analysis warns that without regulation of ESC, the seven remaining G20 countries will only reach 44% installation of ESC by 2030. However, if all seven countries implemented ESC regulations this year, 85% of the total car fleet in G20 countries will have ESC by 2030, a figure still below the United Nations target of 100% ESC fleet coverage by 2030.
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Zimmerman, Ephraim, and Staphanie Perles. Vegetation monitoring in relation to white-tailed deer browsing in First State National Historical Park: 2021 summary report. National Park Service, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299655.

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Baseline information on canopy regeneration and plant community composition is needed in order to better understand white-tailed deer browsing impacts at First State National Historical Park (FRST). In 2021, the Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program (PNHP) established 20 permanent vegetation monitoring plots following methods developed by the NPS Eastern Rivers and Mountains Network (ERMN) to assess and monitor trends in vegetation (Perles et al. 2014b; Perles et al. 2017). These protocols provided an efficient method of assessing the current status of native and non-native vegetation and deer browsing impact. This report documents the methodology used to quantify the vegetative composition of natural areas at FRST and provides a summary of the data collected in the first year of monitoring. This first year’s activities (2021) included the initial baseline vegetation assessment and summary of results from the baseline data analysis. A variety of metrics used to assess the impact of deer browsing on the vegetation were calculated and are presented. A second survey is proposed for 2024. PNHP used the NPS ERMN database and analysis methods (Perles et al. 2014b) to summarize the condition in year 1 (2021). In year 4 (2024), PNHP will investigate changes in the condition of browse-sensitive understory plants and tree seedlings. Plots occurred in a variety of settings, ranging from younger successional communities to more mature forest stands. Seventy-five percent (75%) of the plots occurred in Mature or Late Successional forests. Disturbances and stressors, such as deer browsing can strongly influence future forest structure as open woodlands mature. A large population of white-tailed deer may severely impact succession from the open woodlands towards closed canopy forest. In closed canopy, later successional forests, a large deer population may inhibit canopy tree recruitment leading to regeneration failure. Given that FRST managers desire to maintain the landscape as forest, it is important to maintain an adequate number of seedlings and saplings of tree species to ensure the persistence of canopy of native tree species as Mature and Late Successional Forests continue to age. The 20 permanent sampling plots occurred within 5 plant communities described by Ebert (2016) and were classified using agglomerative hierarchical clustering (HAC analysis) and indicator species analysis. The most common plant communities within the group of sampling plots were the Mixed oak – beech forest and Mesic mixed tulip – oak-hickory-beech forest. The remaining plots were found in successional Tuliptree woodland, Successional woodland, and Thicket types. All plots were assigned to these types described in Ebert (2016) and crosswalked to the National Vegetation Classification (USNVC). A total of 128 plant species were recorded from the 20 plots at FRST. Eighteen (18) species were found in over ½ of the plots surveyed, of which eight (8) were non-native. In all, 29 plants occurring in the plots (23% of total species richness) were considered introduced (non-native). Non-native plant cover ranged from 0–98% as measured in the monitoring plot quadrats. Indicators of deer browsing varied by plant community type at FRST. In general, the drier Mixed oak – beech forests showed substantially greater impact of deer browsing and fewer seedlings of canopy species in the understory. FRST monitoring protocols focus on a few plant species considered as preferred food for white-tailed deer. Sustained browsing may be affecting long-term viability of these species within the parks. Based on the status of these regeneration metrics in FRST, we suggest that the forest in FRST are in imminent regeneration failure. We define imminent failure as parks that are experiencing severe regeneration failure and are at risk of forest loss due to very low seedling and sapling abundance, as well as species mismatches between canopy and regeneration layers. Given the poor regeneration of canopy species across all community types at FRST, managers should seek opportunities to conduct adaptive management in the park’s forests, especially mixed oak – beech forest, to experiment with and monitor the effects of fire, browse exclosures, and canopy thinning to encourage native canopy tree regeneration.
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