Дисертації з теми "Minorités – Politique publique – Lettonie"
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Lamane, Eleonora. "Paradoxes et controverses autour de la question de l’intégration de la minorité russophone en Lettonie après le recouvrement de l’indépendance." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070113.
Повний текст джерелаThe republic of Latvia established in 1918, lost its independence to the Soviet occupation in 1940 in very particular conditions where the annexation of this State in Soviet Union had the effect of crossing off Latvia and her Baltic neighbours from the map of Europe, without removing their legal entitlement as countries from the point of view of the international law. More than sixty countries of the world including France and the United States have never legimitized the annexation of the Baltic States by the USSR (for some, neither de jure nor de facto), this allowed to protect the recognition de jure for these States, regarding the international law until the effective restoration of the independence in 1991. During this period, the social, demographic and economic balance of the country was profoundly transformed. The politics of colonization led by Moscow had for consequence that a multitude of Soviet immigrants were settled on a territory other than their national. The Republic of Latvia is now populated by more than 30 % of Russian-speaking people, all Slavs, contrary to the titular nation. The collapse of the USSR in 1991, as well as the procedures of restoration of the citizenship in Latvia, transformed 700 000 Soviet immigrants to stateless persons. These people, stayed without citizenship, are living in a sovereign count and had to wait several years before seein their legal status evolve in a temporary and unique legal category called " non-citizens of Latvia"to be able to be naturalized or to choose the citizenship of their county of origin
Autin, Claire. "Les minorités russophones dans les Etats baltes : construction identitaire et intégration en Estonie, Lettonie et Lituanie : une approche géographique." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040212.
Повний текст джерелаBonnard, Pascal. "Le gouvernement de l’ethnicité en Europe post-soviétique : une sociologie politique des luttes de classification autour des populations minoritaires en Lettonie." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr/pvurl.php?r=http%3A%2F%2Fdallozbndpro-pvgpsla.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr%2Ffr%2Fpvpage2.asp%3Fpuc%3D5442%26nu%3D130.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation examines the conditions and mechanisms which activate ethnicity in post-Soviet Europe as a potent way to define oneself, to describe the social world and to act in it. The research draws on an analysis of statistical and administrative instruments which identify people according to their ethnicity. It also draws on a set of face-to-face interviews collected in schools as well as with political representatives. Specifically, this dissertation examines how ethnicity became a relevant principle of social division in Latvia starting at the end of the 1980s and how ethnicity is activated. This study challenges existing literature on ethnicity which do not question how ethnicity becomes salient. It argues that the ethnic cleavage has historically been shaped by reformulating previous classifications (based on religious confession and social occupation, for example) and that nowadays ethnicity may still be ascribed or claimed on the basis of social properties that are related to the class or the place of residence. It also shows that ethnicity is made salient when it enables actors to claim their position as legitimate, regardless of whether these positions are taken in political competition or in everyday interactions. By bringing together perspectives borrowed from the sociology of public policy, of political representation and of habitus into the framework of a sociology of classifications, this dissertation contributes to our understanding of how identity classifications are shaped and enacted, as well as highlights the power relations at play in this process
Chatré, Baptiste. "La question minoritaire en Europe centrale et orientale : Effectivité du Régime européen de protection des minorités sur la dynamique conflictuelle entre Magyars et Roumains en Transylvanie, 1989-2005." Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020085.
Повний текст джерелаPostolle, Angèle. "La question des minorités romani dans les nouvelles démocraties d'Europe centrale : la politique publique face au défi de l'interculturel ?" Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10005.
Повний текст джерелаCrowley, John. "Immigration, "relations raciales" et mobilisations minoritaires au Royaume-Uni : la démocratie face à la complexité sociale." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0002.
Повний текст джерелаThe difficulties encountered by political theory in providing a general foundation for democratic order lead its mainstream tradition to a more or less explicit requirement of social homogeneity that minority issues risk making irrelevant. Detailed analysis of British ethnic minority mobilization and of its politicization shows their interdependence and the close relation between the analytical and programmatic dimensions of their sociological understanding. This underlines the political content of identity processes and their indeterminate nature in a structurally complex environment characterized by dematerialization and enhanced reflexiveness of social consciousness. The theoretical necessity to take account of these factors means abandoning both the traditional logic of homogeneity and the new celebration of heterogeneity. This leads beyond the abstract foundation of democratic order towards a political conception of the management of diversity. At once inescapable and threatening, heterogeneity requires not so much theoretical subtlety as practical prudence
Adjourouvi, Pacôme Yawovi. "L'Etat et les peuples en Afrique sub-saharienne : Les EWE du Ghana, du Togo, du Bénin." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05D018.
Повний текст джерелаNoël, Olivier. "Une sociologie politique "de" et "dans" l'action publique de lutte contre les discriminations ethniques et raciales à l'emploi : construction sociale du problème public de la jeunesse et fabrication locale des référentiels des actions de prévention et de lutte contre les processus de désaffiliation." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30007.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is a study of the local construction of referentials for state policy towards young people likely to get into a disaffiliation process. It is an analyse of the difficult conditions of emergence of the public issue of ethnic and racial discrimination as well as the obstacles in the inforcing of an actual policy aiming at preventing and fighting against all sorts of discrimination in the field of employment in France between 1991 and 2006. The analyse relies mainly on such state measures as "Local Missions" for the 16 to 25 and the "apprenticeship » plan of action
Boisserie, Étienne. "Le "Retour en "Europe", entre invocation du spécifique et mimétisme : Magyars et processus d'intégration." Paris, INALCO, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INAL0016.
Повний текст джерелаDubourdieu, Elaine. "Étude de la discrimination positive : le cas du Royaume-Uni pendant les "années Thatcher" (1979-1990)." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030007.
Повний текст джерелаA study of the concept of "positive discrimination" and its use in favour of the ethnic minorities in the uk during the "thatcher years" (1979-90). There was a great deal of confusion over the very nature of this policy and there was never an overall concensus in its favour. The various examples of "positive discrimination" found during this period reveal that the policy was applied in an ad hoc, sporadic fashion. "positive discrimination" was neither adopted nor imposed by the central government it was simply tolerated
Salas, Cardona Juan Camilo. "Démocratie pluraliste et droits des minorités." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772744.
Повний текст джерелаPayen, Éric de. "Les minorités magyares du Traité de Trianon à la construction de l'Union européenne." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30064.
Повний текст джерелаThe treaty of Trianon opens the century of Magyars and their combat for the construction of a specific right to protect the minorities. The inter-war period and the communist period confine the Magyar ones in a keen political resistance. After the return of the democracy in this area, the Magyar ones adapt to mentalities of the States in which they are, to be able to impose itself in the public life. These fights, helped by pressures of the European institutions, entrain democratization and an important projection of the Humans right in all the frontier States of Hungary. The hermetically closed borders fall thanks to widening from the European Union and thanks to the local initiatives such as the ‘euroregions'
Nanchi, Alexandre. "Vers un statut des minorités en droit constitutionnel français." Lyon 3, 2003. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2003_out_nanchi_a.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis provides a study of the possibility of conciliation between French constitutionnal law and the recognition of a status for minorities. A right balance between dealing with citizens' differences, and respecting the fundamentals of french law, can be reached through a new interpretation of the principles of unity and equality. Starting with a definition of the minority, and a study of the notions of territory, normative power, race and the right to differ, the thesis demonstrates how minorities' rights have been integrated into the national legal order. Nationals, members of a minority, can see themselves having a specific territorial link, along with cultural, linguistic and religious caracteristics which distinguish them from the majority group. An official statute could determine the limits of this integration, whilst insuring respect for the structure of the Republic
Musso, Sandrine. "Sida et minorités postcoloniales : histoire sociale, usages et enjeux de la cible des "migrants" dans les politiques du sida en France." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0334.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis examines the socio-political context of HIV/Aids in minority populations in France as a reflection of larger political issues related to immigration in this country and beyond. The object of this thesis places between a political anthropology of health and a scio-anthropology of migration. The dissertation is divided into three parts. The first one addresses background, context and methods. The second part overviews epidemiologic, public health policy and Aids associations issues related to HIV/Aids among immigrants from former North African and African colonies. The third part illustrates the diverse political agenda at stake within the intersection of HIV/ Aids and immigration, and the changing boundaries of contemporary French society in the context of European integration, internal social problems and globalization. This work arises from a multi-sited ethnography, and promotes an approach which underlines the necessity of reflexivity and responsibility in front of political issues link with the social request of anthropology in a context of "culturalization" of social exclusion
Georges, Nael. "Le droit des minorités : le cas des chrétiens en Orient arabe." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GREND001.
Повний текст джерелаDossou, Aristide. "La représentation politique des minorités historiquement défavorisées comme une exigence du droit d'être traité avec respect égal : le cas de la minorité afro-américaine." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010570.
Повний текст джерелаMonge, Priscilla. "Les minorités parlementaires sous la Cinquième République." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1041.
Повний текст джерелаThe Fifth Republic in 1958 built its institutional and functional equilibriums in reaction to the previous Republics. It first rejected the positive value that is conflict for a democracy. With the emergence of the “fait majoritaire” in 1962, the majority evolved from a quantitative notion to an institutional notion. It became a structure of homogenous decision making devoted to the Government. Thought on the balance of powers was then renewed. While the so-called modern theory of separation of powers suggests that the criterion for a modern democracy is the check on Government action by the opposition, we propose a different analysis: the balance of powers lies in the function of contradiction assumed by the parliamentary minorities. This role of counter-power combines a negative dimension of limitation of power, the opposition function, and a positive dimension of added value to political decision making, the legislative complementary function. This thesis offers a new perspective on the decision making process in a pluralist democracy
Arnaud, Lionel. "L'idéologie sportive au service des politiques d'intégration des minorités ethniques de Lyon et de Birmingham : analyse d'une ressource politique efficace." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10019.
Повний текст джерелаLulenga, Mambu. "Les retombées sociales des accords de Maastricht sur la population étrangère d'origine d'Afrique subsaharienne en Europe." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081660.
Повний текст джерелаManucu, Ayache Silvia. "La représentation de la diversité ethnique à la télévision française, un vrai défi pour les médias (1975-2015)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA012.
Повний текст джерелаA study of 1991 of the CIEMI aims at explaining the question concerning the representation on the television the multicultural diversity in France. Who does it indicate ? The population the ethnic origin of which is visible physically and by extension, minorities living on the French ground. The question of their sub-representation on the television, arouses so many debates as violent reactions in the political and public sphere. The words visible/visibilité make surface and call out in equal measure the political, media, sociological and associative persons in charge. Yet, this is why our problem seemed to us interesting to approach, because it carries a look building on the role and the importance of the media in their representation for period between 1975 in 2015. Deepen the conditions of this weak representation in the screen, the raised questionings, the shares and the solutions proposed by the diverse actors, the effects on the public opinion, it is so many fundamental themes which were imperative upon us as an obvious fact. Far from being exhaustive, our research thus aims at raising the outcomes of this problem become a priority appearing in the agenda of the diary of the politics
Lapin, Jim. "La Guadeloupe, la Martinique et la Guyane dans le système audiovisuel français : contribution à une analyse juridique et politique." Toulouse 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU10019.
Повний текст джерелаThe particularisms of Guadeloupe, Martinique and Guyane led to "tailor-made" public policies to structure the audiovisual landscape on their territory. But such adaptations did not permit the blossoming of those cultures and communities, that are part of France, on radio and television. Nevertheless, the legal principle of identity that must prevail to strengthen the link of equality with the continent did not vanish and contributed to a better assimilation, not integration, of the citizens of those "departements". That situation blocked the process of integration and stopped an "ultra-marine" emulation that would have nourished a stronger cultural diversity on television and radio. As a matter of fact, the assimilation process turned into a domination of the "metropolitain" cultural model. The revendications that appeared in the late 1990s for a better representation of ethnico-cultural minorities on television laid the stress on the failure of assimilation policy led so far. Side by side with the french populations from the former colonies, were autochtons from the "DOM" that suffered from that lack of integration, whereas the "DOM" never cut their link with continental France. Following those revendications, public authorities promoted cultural and ethnical diversity on television, to have a better picture of the French society. With that notion of cultural diversity, the integration process of Guadeloupe, Martinique and Guyane to the Republic took an other direction towards a "real equality" the "departemental" status failed to deliver
Khair, Diane. "Unité de l'Etat et droits de minorités : Etude constitutionnelle comparée du Proche-Orient." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020070.
Повний текст джерелаMatutano, Edwin. "Les gouvernements minoritaires dans les régimes parlementaires contemporains depuis 1945." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020036.
Повний текст джерелаPoirier, Cécile. "L'ethnicité comme ressource politique : partage de l'espace urbain et gestion de la diversité à Montréal et Bordeaux." Bordeaux 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR30018.
Повний текст джерелаDuring the last twenty years, local authorities in western countries have been put under pressure to better take into account their citizens’ ethnocultural differences or, on the contrary, to limit such adaptation. Although this kind of accommodation often consists of ad hoc measures, researchers in the field of the management of diversity, have tended to focus on public policies. This research examines instead concrete practices of diversity management, specifically in the domain of sports and leisure, which are usually perceived as a means of social integration. In fact, both diversity management and recreation services are somewhat ambiguous because of their double vocation of respecting differences and personal development and promoting integration. Both also operate in a context dominated by formal and informal partnerships with a variety of organisations providing public services. What strategies do local authorities adopt to take differences into account and develop appropriate service provision? Based on three case studies (two in Montreal and one in Bordeaux), this research reveals that diversity management practices depend less on formal policy than on local issues of governance in sports and leisure and on the actors’ capacity to understand cultural codes. From a scientific viewpoint it underscores the relevance of the notion of ethnicity as a political resource, and from a practical viewpoint it highlights the importance of developing intercultural training and reflexive practices
Yuvanatemiya, Krittika. "Le concept de Nation et les aménagements institutionnels et juridiques de l'Etat au regard de la pluralité nationale : l'exemple de la France, de la Belgique, de la Hongrie et de la Roumanie." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0288/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe model and the ideological fundament of contemporary States are under the dynamic evolution. The doctrine of Nation-State proves to be precarious and inadequate toward the sociological reality which allow taking into account different cultural or ethnic groups that make part of the society. The relevance of the Nation, a political and legal creation that represents the unified and homogeneous social body on which is based the State, has become contingent.Contemporary States, being faced with the claims of ethnic or cultural groups, are forced to make changes in their legal and institutional systems. The principal rules of the Nation-State, based on the logic of universalism and individualism, such as the unity of the people, the sole official language, the equality of citizens before the law, the indivisibility of the public power and the administrative decentralization, are jeopardized by the claim of the right to be different, or even of the right to autonomy. The configuration of the logic of pluralism, which advocates legal recognition of the ethical or cultural differences between the members of the society, is the challenge. How can this new logic be introduced in a legal system that adheres to the opposite political ideas? Will this ideological mutation require the creation of a new State model? What are the basic elements of this novel form of State?The study on the evolution of the French, Belgian, Hungarian and Romanian legal systems with regard to the ethnic and cultural diversities, allows us to observe legal and institutional modifications of European countries according to different political and demotic structures. The transformation of the rules relating to the recognition of the people of State, on the one hand, and the consecration of the rules relating to the political formation of the ethnic groups, on the other hand, testify to the archaism of the model of the Nation-State. This observation leads to a new design of the Nation as the fundament of the political power which consists of peoples belonging to various cultural values. It highlights the new constitutional principles, which enable us to envisage a multinational State model, based on the idea of differentiated citizenship, the rule of positive discrimination, the collective rights and the national autonomy
Drieu, Cloé. "Du muet au parlant : cinéma et sociétés en Ouzbékistan (1919-1937= : la fiction nationale." Paris, INALCO, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INAL0009.
Повний текст джерелаApchain, Hélène. "Le statut des musulmans de Thrace et des Grecs de Constantinople, d'Imbros et de Tenedos." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA111002.
Повний текст джерелаTab, Seghier. "La place de la nouvelle élite politique française élue d'origine maghrébine au sein des institutions représentatives : une minorité en quête de la voie élective, entre la percée locale et le blocage national." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0150.
Повний текст джерелаIn spite of party supported candidacies, rarely autonomous ones, in the elections, the French elite from the Maghreb does not reach success within the framework of the uninominal system. We find no mayors of average or big cities, no presidents of departements or even regions, no MPs of Maghreb origin and Moslem confession. The purpose of this study is to analyze the mechanisms wich prevent the promotion of this elite, the most striking being at the national level, more precisely at the chambre des députés. The results confirm the absence of a real political will of the party leaders. This stems from the survival of attitudes and prejudices, particularly of ethno-confessional order, in the mind of influential personalities both from the right and the left. It is necessary to add that within the electorate, there are persistent and somehow latent discriminatory and racist conceptions deriving from the remembrance of the Algerian War with its psychological sides and biases concerning the presence of the Moslem religion. Prevailing cultural and/or political ideologies as well as the European values insist on diversity. But we are in front of a situation of blockage wich is complex and paradoxical. As for women coming from minorities, some have been appointed to govemment for complex strategic reasons. Although France is multiethnic, the current Chamber does not reflect the multicultural image of society. The effective representation of ethnic minorities stays a major challenge for the French Republic
Fortunel, Frédéric. "L'Etat, les paysanneries et les cultures commerciales pérennes dans les plateaux du Centre Viêt Nam : l'autochtonie en quête de territoires." Toulouse 2, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00547703.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis analyses the conversion mechanisms of the territorial belongings. In regard of the hypothesis that the durable cash crops' plantation favours human rooting, the theoretical principles and non-native practices incorporated to a territory and to indigenous people are studied in Viet Nam highlands. Imported by the colonial power, the coffee tree anchored in this territory, leads not only to the loss of symbolical landmarks and to the loss of native farmer materials but also to the political and economical appropriation of these areas. The Vietnamese State, concerned by the control of these restive areas towards the majority national people, has favoured since its independency the arrival and the anchoring of non-natives who are henceforth the majority in the country. Farming and the changes of representations take a role in the redefinition of the territorial belongings but at the expenses of environmental damages and of a deep social and economical crisis
Julien, Agnès. "Le statut international du Tibet : évolution ou permanence ?" Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON10036.
Повний текст джерелаFerrando, Olivier. "La question minoritaire en Asie centrale post-soviétique : recompositions identitaires dans la vallée du Ferghana (1989-2008)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0063.
Повний текст джерелаSince the collapse of the USSR and the internationalization of inter-republican borders, ethnic groups from Central Asia have experienced two evolutions. They represent either the titular group of their eponymic nation-State, or a minority within another State. Our research looks at the minority issue in post-Soviet Central Asia from a political sociology perspective. It analyzes the interaction between three main actors. First the State in its willingness to conceive accomodating policies towards its multi-ethnic population. Second the ethnic civil society in the modalities of its actions and its lobbying capacity towards the nation-State. And finally the persons belonging to an ethnic minority in the way they adopt identity strategies either to preserve their cultural features, or to integrrate into the mainstreaming society, or any other form of identity
Rodd, Adrien. "Constructions identitaires nationales et britannicité dans les pays du Commonwealth en Océanie." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070095.
Повний текст джерелаThis doctoral thesis, in the field of British culture and society, aims to analyse the means whereby national identities have been developed in the postcolonial states of what used to be the British Pacific - more specifically, the former British, Australian or New Zealand colonies, which are now sovereign states and members of the Commonwealth of Nations. This study analyses the transformation of societies, as well as of identities felt and expressed, during the colonial period, before focusing on the process of identity building after independence, in relation to the values, practices, institutions and borders inherited from colonial times. Within this framework, this work looks into the specificities of the Pacific as they relate to British projects throughout history, from a fairly limited colonial project in terms of the societal transformation of Pacific territories (with the exception of the settler colonies, Australia and New Zealand), to Britain's withdrawal in the 1970s. It aims to study the interpretations and claims of 'Britishness' in a colonial then postcolonial setting. Lastly, within this context, this thesis offers a comparative study of historical and contemporary issues link to identity building in the countries of this region
Briche, Henri. "Repeupler la ville en déclin : Politiques de peuplement, trajectoires résidentielles et minorités ethniques à Detroit (Etats-Unis) et Saint-Etienne (France)." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSES061.
Повний текст джерелаFacing decades of deindustrialization, “white flight” and disinvestment, urban governments from Detroit (US) and Saint-Étienne (France) embody the contemporary form of urban shrinkage. Now that ethnic minorities and low-income households make up the bulk of their population, these cities appear to be on the “losing” side of the interurban competition.This dissertation first takes on the construction of populating policies as a response from local governments to urban shrinkage. The comparison depicts different forms of populating policies shaped by local regulations. Second, this research studies the effect of such policies on neighborhoods and on ethnic minorities who are not targeted. Relying on more than a hundred interviews and on a statistical analysis of local data, the comparison shows a distinct evolution of the neighborhoods in France and in the US. The role of market actors and public housing policy is emphasized to explain these dynamics. In Saint-Étienne, ethnic and socioeconomic segregation appears to be stable while it undergoes a tremendous change in Detroit as a result of developers reinforcing the transformation of urban space
Jérémie, Gauthier. "Origines contrôlées. La police à l'épreuve de la question minoritaire à Paris et à Berlin. Geprüfte Herkunft. Polizeiliches Handeln gegenüber Minderheiten in Paris und Berlin." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00778649.
Повний текст джерелаOuamba-Patas, Joseph-Nestor. "Les minorités religieuses, la neutralité de l'État et les accommodements raisonnables en France et au Royaume-Uni." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAA026/document.
Повний текст джерелаReligious pluralism is an objective reality in France and Great-Britain. The religious minorities remain a recurring subject which inexhaustible reflections, studies, scientific and political debates. They show real concern to policymakers, Europe and State; so much so that it is necessary to wonder about what the State can propose them as better protection in the XXIst century. France and Great-Britain are confronted with this challenge. Besides the neutrality of the State with regard to the religion, makes complex relationships of these religious minorities with the State in France; where the concept of religious minorities is not known of French Law by virtue of the secularity – laic – character of the French State proclaimed by the 1st article of its Constitution and the Law of December 9th, 1905 of the Separation of the State and the Church. The religious minorities are no-subject in French Law. But in Great-Britain, the qualified religious, minorities of religious confessions are recognized when well even the Church of England is established and official Church with at its head Queen Elizabeth II. There is no separation between the Church and the State. In Scotland, the Kirk as considered as established Church and separated from the State. Also, always related to religious minorities, the question of application of reasonable principle of accommodation to draw aside from the cases of discrimination out of religious matter. The British legal order knows this principle and applies. Whereas in France this principle is ignored and is the object of purely abstract application. Admittedly, the globalization brings positive facts to Europe and in particular in these two States, but it contains also risks for which it is necessary to pay attention to the XXIst century. Thus, the national minorities, the speech communities and the various constitutional units of the State require, by calling on the principle of diversity, recognition of their collective rights, a multiplication of regional structures and improvement of their prerogative. The appearance of the “new minorities”, those of immigrants raises new difficulties. In practice, the historical religion of the country is often privileged. The religions practiced by immigrants – Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, etc – are then the object of more or less strong discrimination. The need for the visibility of these religions – Islam I occurrence – calls into question the framework fixed at the end of XIXth century which governs the operation of religions in the various States. This evolution touches hardly the secular States of Catholic tradition like France, than the countries of Protestant tradition where the place of religious in public space is by tradition more easily accepted like Great-Britain. It as should be considered as the religions imported by migrant populations are often “ethno-religions”. The identity challenge is considerable there, and it even tends to replace that of freedom of belief. Great-Britain and France fall under this register in connection with their religious minorities
Ciaston, Jerzy. "Les idéologies et les pratiques sportives de la population juive en Pologne dans les années 1918-1939 : exemple de reconfiguration d'une identité collective." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10118.
Повний текст джерелаSalime, Fouade. "Diversité et identité nationale en France : pour quels processus d'intégration ? Le cas de Mayotte." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040221.
Повний текст джерелаThe main purpose of this dissertation is actually to prove that the French political integration model is completely failing on its goals. It meets in reality several limits. The French institution policies towards the French minorities could demonstrate this fact. The French model refuses however to see those limits. Our principal aim here is clearly to accuse about what we can call an “ethnic relegation” in France. Roughly speaking, it could be understood as a discriminatory mechanism of exclusion that targets especially some of the French population segments. This mechanism is set up by the French integration processes and seems to focus particularly the ethnic minorities. Three dimensions are really important in this relegation mechanism. The first one is a social problem. It is especially the disqualification and the segregation (socially and spatially speaking) of the French minorities. The second one is about the minorities moral values. It is set up by the social and civil insecurity. The third one is constructed by a political scheme. It means that the French republican processes are working in the wrong way regarding what kind of society they want to build. Hence, the main interrogation of a political philosophy questioning the minority problems and ethnic justice in France is : 1) how to deal with and stop this relegation? 2) how to recreate new integration processes and with what kind of model? The 101st French department, the so-called "neuf, setp, sita (six)", offers new perspectives of analysis concerning this double problem
Segura, Eva. "La reconnaissance malheureuse : de l’individu au collectif." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB186/document.
Повний текст джерелаRecognition is typically presented either as a success, or as a failure. However the many challenges presented to Western democratic societies require that we look for a way out of is tragic duality. How can one escape the misfortune of recognition? Recognition is the foundational concept of a diverse array of theories and policies. It is based on the interplay among various identities and cultures which collectively constitute diversity. Diversity is the concept on which official and unofficial policies of pluralism, that is to say policies to promote diversity, are based. This is the heart of a significant problem at the intersection of politics, sociology and philosophy. On the one hand, recognition crystallizes factors of diversity. On the other hand, diversity as characterized by a proliferation of cultures that are fluid and potentially variable over time, blocks the recognition process. How then to combine diversity and recognition? Diversity prevents recognition and recognition prevents diversity. One precludes the other. Introducing the notion of failure in the interplay between diversity and recognition permits one to identify the most problematic areas: the very foundation of recognition, the terms of non-recognition, and the issue of violence which is the real blind-spot of the most common theories and policies. From these difficulties, and after an exercise in deconstruction, we propose a reconstruction of the concept of recognition, a renewed track, consisting of the sections underpinned by the postulate of the radical self-determination of individuals and groups. The first aspect rests on separation. Separation is resistance to conformity and conversion in the form, for example of an obligation to forced assimilation. The second aspect concerns diversity as a premise for a new policy of recognition conceived from the standpoint of diversity. The effects of this new policy are more significant at the individual level than at the collective level. The third aspect relates to the importance of the past assigned to recognition. This redesigned concept of recognition is without reconciliation, without atonement, and without compensation. This is not to ignore past tragedies, quite the contrary; but rather to take them into account in order to look to the future
Karabencheva-Lévy, Katerina. "Politiques publiques à l'égard des minorités ethniques et religieuses après 1989 : étude comparative entre la Roumanie et la Bulgarie." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00595290.
Повний текст джерелаThéodoridès, Anna. "Survivre en contexte minoritaire : une étude sociologique des résistances des Grecs d'Istanbul (Rûms polites) au lendemain des émeutes de la nuit du 6 au 7 septembre 1955, Istanbul." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0016.
Повний текст джерелаThe survival strategies constructed by the Greek community of Istanbul after the 6/7 September riots in 1955 are the subject of this PhD. Affects and representations of this episode of the past constitute the practices elaborated by the actors to achieve a common target: the preservation of their singularity and their cosmopolitan history rooted in Istanbul. The riots of September 1955 reflect the conflict between the primary identity - as envisaged by the members who see themselves as the founders of Istanbul - and the official denomination which tends to reify the different social groups. At the heart of this study, an ethnographical fieldwork led in Istanbul, Athens and Thessaloniki highlights the silent and hidden mobilization of the members remaining in Istanbul who have elaborated strategies of adjustment following logics of avoidance, bypass, danger anticipation and self-control after the events. By their sides, a generation of actors who had discreetly left after this night event, had tried to free themselves from the minority status by creating elsewhere spaces of emancipation or preservation of their identity criminalised in Turkey and marginalised or even disregarded in Greece where some of them had migrated. This thesis presents several facets linked to the experience of this traumatising event that gave birth to a large diversity of life stories and memories, revealing the repertoires at different scales which allowed to maintain in Istanbul or reinvent in other areas the singularity of this community
Lauby, Fanny. "Immigrants Facing Immigration Policy : state Laws Regulating Eligibility for In-State Tuition and Belonging among Latino Immigrant Youth in the United States." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030055.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation focuses on new paths of immigrant incorporation and on the political mobilization of undocumented youths in the New York-New Jersey area. The goal of this investigation is to assess whether contrasting state laws that either open or restrict eligibility for in-state tuition are associated with different levels of belonging and different styles of organizing among immigrant youths. This research draws from theories on political incorporation and a resource mobilization model of collective action. It also builds on theories of policy design highlighting the role of policy images in immigration reform. The contrasting cases of state-level policy in New York and New Jersey provide for an investigation into an important level of government that has largely been missing from the debate on comprehensive immigration reform. The dissertation relies on an innovative mixed-methods approach, collecting both quantitative data from a survey and qualitative data from sixty in-depth interviews. Results indicate that undocumented youths tend to become mobilized in states which provide more restrictive contexts of reception, and where the coalition of support is still being recruited. However, state laws affecting access to college do shape the availability of political and civic resources for immigrant youths. This dissertation highlights the importance of place in immigrants’ paths of incorporation into the United States, as well as the role of policy narratives in fostering or deterring political engagement. The results will help policymakers better understand the contexts of reception which public policies create for young immigrants
Mantanika, Rengina-Eleni. "Le sauvage dans la ville ou l'émergence d'une sociabilité politique : négociation et reconfiguration du paysage des migrations par les exilés aux frontières d'arrivée et dans les villes portuaires en Grèce." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC098/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe issue raised on this thesis revolves around two central questions, which have guided the research. The first question investigates the meaning that migration takes when it becomes an issue that concerns us in our daily encounters as residents of a neighborhood, citizens of a city, nationals of a country. The second question investigates how we arrive at those moments during which the seeds of social transformation take root in political life. The research explores these questions by looking into migration processes as creative of opportunities for civic and political subjectivity in the everyday life and through the different encounters with the locals. More precisely, the thesis focuses on the various negotiations that take place in what is called "landscapes of attribution", which is related to the policies and practices of migration and the way migrants experience them through the different strategies of survival. These are negotiations between those that dictate policies and practices related to migration, the authorities and other bodies that implement these policies and practices, the migrants and the way they experience these policies on their everyday encounters with other citizens in local communities. They are also negotiations that produce proximities with local communities and create new spaces of commons. By looking into such negotiations in the Greek case, the thesis links together the two questions presented above. It does so by using tools from social geography, political science, anthropological and literary resources, and political philosophy
Parsanoglou, Dimitrios. "Grèce, pays d'immigration : perspectives historiques et sociologiques." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0147.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is divided in three autonomous but interconnected parts. The first one, called "The history of migration in Greece", deals with the question historicity of migrant mobility in the Greek socio-historic context. After a brief presentation of the well-known history of emigration, the different types of immigration movements are examined through a temporal and thematic lens. The second part deals with new immigration to Greece, viewed in relation to real or alleged transformations of migration at a global level as well as at the level of Southern Europe. In addition, it is placed in the context of socio-economic evolution of the country, insisting on the domestic factors that lead to it. In the third part, called "Migrants in the city", the past and present of a city within the Athenian conurbation are explored through the successive migratory movements that formed and transformed its character. The new international migration and the composition of the migrant population of the city can be explained in major part by the nature and the needs of local labour market. This work concludes with a comparison between the two major migrant groups concerning employment, housing and distribution in the urban space
Panzarella, Antonino. "Attrattività o repulsione dei commerci etnici. Il caso del centro storico di Palermo." Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST3005.
Повний текст джерелаThe topic of the "ethnic commercial presences", resulting from the phenomenon of the globalisationin the historical centers, makes emerge a series of questions related to the current urbantransformation (space and économic/social); the “ethnic trade” are able to generate, at the sametime, attraction and repulsion, compared to the various factors; the research carried out startingfrom the indicated laboratory, the historical center of Palermo (Italy), analyzes these multiplefactors.Work is articulated: on the analysis of the significances and "locatable" perceptions of the ethnictrade, starting from the literatures and Italian and French studies cases, which see implied differentdisciplinary figures, the exploration of the urban transformations caused by the phenomenon at thespacial level on Italian cases (Palermo, Florence) and French (Chateau Rouge, Paris), analysis ofthe framework of reference of the policies related to the administration of the trade in the historicalcenters and individuation of preeminent sets of themes of the current debate in Italy and France.At the end of this course, where the topic of the ethnic trade is approached under various “points ofview” which have repercussions on urban space, the thesis proposes one construction of a "dynamicsystem of analysis", at the service of the townplanner able to make "appreciable" the differentialcharacteristics of these paricularies “kinds” of trade compared to the trade autochtones; at the sametime, the analysis wants to be a means to make emerge the gravitational "potentialities" that thesetrade express, in the optics of an employment in the strategies of valorization and reclassification ofhistorical center and the commercial systems which it contain
Jagou, Fabienne. "Le 6e Panchen Lama : traître ou visionnaire ?" Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHESA019.
Повний текст джерелаBourgois, Nicolas. "Le rôle des groupes communautaires LGBT dans la formulation des politiques publiques : le cas de la politique québécoise de lutte contre l'homophobie." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18832.
Повний текст джерелаThis masters thesis is about the roles of LGBT community groups and their influence on the creation of the Politique québécoise de lutte contre l'homophobie (Quebec's national policy against homophobia.) It analyses the dynamics between the groups representing the interests of sexual and gender minorities and the Quebec government, from 2000 to 2011. Our research uses a theoretical framework based on resource mobilization theory as well as an approach that combines the tools of the corporatist and pluralist approaches. On the basis of a documentary analysis and 6 interviews held with LGBT community leaders as well as official from the Ministry of Justice, the analysis reveals how the issue of homophobia in Quebec contributed to the creation of a corporatist relationship between the State and some of the groups controlling the most resources. It also offers a new perspective on the relations between community groups and the strategies they employ, as a function of their resources, to influence the State.
Kilibarda, Anja. "Principle and prejudice : attitudes toward ethnic minorities in Quebec." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16224.
Повний текст джерелаImmigrant integration poses a particular challenge to sub-state minority nations where citizens are more prone to perceive immigrants as cultural and political threats. However, different ethnic groups might be seen as differentially threatening. This study investigates whether francophone citizens in Quebec perceive different ethnic minority groups differently and whether they are more negative towards these groups than other Canadians. To the extent that negativity exists, the study seeks to understand whether it is grounded principally in racial prejudice or in concerns about culture. Results from national and provincial data show that Quebec francophones are specifically negative toward religious minorities, not racial minorities, and that their negativity is largely couched in concerns over secularism and cultural security. Ethnic antipathy among Quebec’s majority francophone population thus appears to be more group-specific and culturally principled than generalized and racially based.
Toure, Mareme. "Immersion professionnelle et intégration en emploi des immigrants : l’exemple du PRIIME (Programme d’aide à l’intégration des immigrants et des minorités visibles en emploi)." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8515.
Повний текст джерелаSkilled immigrants are currently facing a number of obstacles on the Quebec labour market. Amongst the most notable is the “lack of Quebec work experience”; as often brought up by employers. Professional immersion programs such as the Employment Integration Program for Immigrants and Visible Minorities (PRIIME), put forth by Emploi-Québec, targets this barrier and gives immigrants a chance at a local experience in their field of qualification. This research therefore aims to examine to what extent professional immersion programs such as PRIIME allow for a better integration of skilled immigrants within their field and, whether or not this integration continues subsequent to the end of the subsidy. A qualitative approach will help better understand the different perspectives of employers, immigrants and stakeholders of the PRIIME. It has been found that the participation of immigrants in the PRIIME reduces the degree of deskilling in employment, but not deskilling as a whole. It does allow immigrants to find an employment within their field of training. However, this employment remains below their qualifications. The PRIIME also allows for employment-retention, but the effect observed is based on the short-term. What is more, participation in the PRIIME does not allow the immigrant to counter integration barriers and obstacles mainly due to the fact that the four principal components of the PRIIME are rarely all used within a company. Finally, if applied in a paradigm of Transitional Labour Markets, participation in PRIIME represents a "positive transition” for immigrants that allows for better integration in the long run. In sum, we conclude that the PRIIME reduces the degree of deskilling of immigrants by facilitating entry into a position within their original field of training. However, the program fails to take into account the level of education of the immigrants. PRIIME or not, immigrants will often be forced to start over their careers.