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1
Isheyskiy, Valentin, Evgeny Martinyskin, Sergey Smirnov, Anton Vasilyev, Kirill Knyazev, and Timur Fatyanov. "Specifics of MWD Data Collection and Verification during Formation of Training Datasets." Minerals 11, no. 8 (July 22, 2021): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11080798.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents a structured analysis in the area of measurement while drilling (MWD) data processing and verification methods, as well as describes the main nuances and certain specifics of “clean” data selection in order to build a “parent” training database for subsequent use in machine learning algorithms. The main purpose of the authors is to create a trainable machine learning algorithm, which, based on the available “clean” input data associated with specific conditions, could correlate, process and select parameters obtained from the drilling rig and use them for further estimation of various rock characteristics, prediction of optimal drilling and blasting parameters, and blasting results. The paper is a continuation of a series of publications devoted to the prospects of using MWD technology for the quality management of drilling and blasting operations at mining enterprises.
2
Wróblewski, Adam, Jacek Wodecki, Paweł Trybała, and Radosław Zimroz. "A Method for Large Underground Structures Geometry Evaluation Based on Multivariate Parameterization and Multidimensional Analysis of Point Cloud Data." Energies 15, no. 17 (August 29, 2022): 6302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176302.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In underground mining, new workings (tunnels) are constructed by blasting or mechanical excavation. The blasting technique used in underground mines is supported by economic aspects, especially for deposits characterized by hard rocks. Unfortunately, the quality of the result may be different than expected in terms of the general geometry of work or the roughness of excavation surfaces. The blasting technique is also a source of vibrations that may affect other existing structures, affecting their stability. Therefore, it is of great importance to monitor both the quality of the new tunnels and changes in existing tunnels that may cause rockfall from the sidewalls and ceilings of both new and existing tunnels. The length of mining tunnels and support structures in underground mines is massive. Even if one would like to limit monitoring of tunnel geometry to those used every day for major technological processes such as transport, it is a vast amount of work. What is more, any stationary monitoring system is hard to utilize both due to everyday blasting procedures and mobile machine operation. The method proposed here is based on quick LiDAR/Terrestrial Laser Scanner measurements to obtain a cloud of points, which allows generating the spatial model of a mine’s geometry. Data processing procedures are proposed to extract several parameters describing the geometry of the tunnels. Firstly, the model is re-sampled to obtain its uniform structure. Next, a segmentation technique is applied to separate the cross sections with a specific resolution. Statistical parameters are selected to describe each cross section for final 1D feature analysis along the tunnel length. Such a set of parameters may serve as a basis for blasting evaluation, as well as long-term deformation monitoring. The methodology was tested and validated for the data obtained in a former gold and arsenic mine Zloty Stok, Poland.
3
ZHARIKOV, Sergey, and Vyacheslav KUTUEV. "Interrelations between technological processes of open-pit mining." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-3-479-485.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. High productivity in mining processes is possible only with sufficient consistency between mining processes: drilling – blasting – excavation – transportation. The relationships between drilling and blasting processes are most well studied, although there are also a number of issues related to the interpretation of data and the choice of efficiency criteria. The further link between blasting by excavation and transportation is incomplete, therefore, there is no clear direction of systematic and coordinated cost optimization in the mining processes. Getting efficiency in one process can lead to inefficiency of adjacent processes. Therefore, it is desirable that the criteria for the efficiency of work were universal and, at the same time, could reflect the individual specifics of the process. The purpose of the research. The purpose of the research was to establish links between mining processes by taking into account their energy characteristics. Research methodology. In the course of the research, modeling of the processes of drilling wells, explosive destruction, and excavation was widely used. Methods of mathematical statistics, system analysis, synthesis, modeling and field experiments were used to identify the relationships. Model representations were compared with practical data and boundary conditions were specified. Research results. As a result of the research, a universal characteristic of the process has been established, which is the energy consumption per 1 cubic meter (J/m3 ). In the case of drilling and blasting geometrically, these are the energy costs spent on destroying the volume of rock beaten off by one well. For excavation, this is the energy for excavation and loading of rock mass, the properties of which are dependent on the energy of explosive destruction and the quality of the explosion, characterized by the geometric parameters of the collapse and the intensity of excavation work. Conclusion. It is revealed that the establishment of energy relationships between the extraction processes allows not only to evaluate their efficiency, but also opens up the possibility to regulate the specified loading intensity by calculating the number of cycles required for the face and timely delivery of the appropriate number of vehicles, and can also be the basis for more accurate statements of optimization problems, including taking into account anisotropy the mountain range and the variety of influencing organizational and technological factors of mining operations. It is advisable to develop further research in the direction of processing, as suggested by I. A. Tangaev. To link the energy parameters of drilling – blasting – excavation – transportation – crushing – crushing. Considering that modern systems of dispatching and monitoring of mining machines allow collecting real-time information from sensors of the main nodes of working mining equipment, and network technologies allow tracking this in real time, then matching energy costs in processes, or changing their balance, allows you to quickly identify the efficiency or inefficiency of work. This can significantly affect the practice of making managerial decisions.
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Li, Lifeng, and Jhon Silva-Castro. "Synthesis of single-hole signatures by group delay for ground vibration control in rock blasting." Journal of Vibration and Control 26, no. 13-14 (December 24, 2019): 1273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319892435.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Prediction and control of ground vibrations become essential as with the development of neighborhoods in the proximity of active mining operations or the need for new infrastructure in urban centers, both requiring the use of blasting. Novel ground vibration prediction models attempt to reproduce a whole vibration waveform from a blast and are based, in most cases, on the collection of vibrational information from a single blasthole. A single blasthole should have the same characteristics (geometry and weights of explosives) as the blastholes used in production shots. In some cases, the collection of the fundamental information (the signature) is straightforward. In more complex cases, the fundamental information from ground vibration data is collected from previous production shots. This study presents a novel methodology to assess the fundamental ground vibration information (the signature) using known information such as one event waveform (a production shot waveform) and the timing sequence used (the comb function) for the shot. The methodology is based on the analysis of group delay, a concept widely used in signal processing, and is modified here for the analysis of ground vibration waveforms. The methodology is developed using real data collected in coal and quarry mining operations, and at the end of this document, one case study with step-by-step calculations is presented to show the benefits of the methodology.
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Koteleva, Natalia, and Ilia Frenkel. "Digital Processing of Seismic Data from Open-Pit Mining Blasts." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010383.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article describes an approach of mathematical processing of signals (seismograms) from five blasthole charges from experimental blasting, each 3 m deep, with equal explosive weight (1 kg), and equidistant (3 m) from one other. The seismic explosive waves were measured at a 13 to 25 m distance. This article provides spectral analysis, wavelet analysis, and fractal analysis results. It defines the dependence of dominant frequency and amplitude on the distance to the blast center. According to the experimental data, the dominant frequency is calculated as y = 1.0262x0.2622 and the amplitude dependency as y = 18.139x−2.276. Furthermore, the analysis shows that 80% of the entire signal is concentrated in half the area of frequency range, i.e., the low frequency zone is of the most interest. This research defines the dependence of distance on the energy value of signal wavelet analysis. It is demonstrated that, according to the experimental data, the 12th frequency range is closely correlated with the distance values. This article gives the definitions of entropy, correlation dimension, and predictability time. This experiment shows that entropy and correlation dimension decrease but predictability time increases when the distance to the blast center increases. This article also describes the method for determining optimal drilling and blasting parameters, and concludes with the possibility of applying the analytical results to predicting and enhancing drilling and blasting operations.
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Chimwani, Ngonidzashe. "Editorial for Special Issue “Comminution and Comminution Circuits Optimisation”." Minerals 13, no. 1 (January 5, 2023): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13010081.
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Bersenev, G. P., A. V. Glebov, and V. A. Kutuev. "About scientific and practical conference explosives of the Urals." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 6/2021 (January 15, 2022): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2021-6-58-60.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article reviews the results of the VIII Scientific and Practical Conference with international participation "Technology and Safety of Drilling and Blasting Operations in Surface and Underground Mines of the Urals" which was held at the Ekaterinburg-EXPO Exhibition Center and the Uralasbest Industrial Complex as part of the IX Urals Mining Industry Forum and the URAL MINING' 21 Exhibition dedicated to the Year of Science and Technology in the Russian Federation and the 30th Anniversary of the Urals Mining and Industrial Association. The article also informs about the winners of the Ural Mining Award 2021 and about the research and engineering reports and presentations made during the conference and dedicated to blasting operations. Results are summarized of the visiting seminar at the Uralasbest Industrial Complex, where the Chief Engineer of Promtekhvzvzryv Company N.A. Chistyakov and General Director of the Urals Explosives Association G.P. Bersenev conducted tours to the open-pit mine, the 'Poremit' Plant - the first emulsion explosives production facility in the Urals, a bulk explosives storage, the museum and training center of the Urals Asbestos Mining and Processing Complex. Following the tours of the training center site of the Processing Complex, the second part of the conference was held, during which a number of reports were delivered. Upon completion of the seminar, the Urals Explosives Association awarded honorary certificates and valuable gifts to specialists of the Promtekhvzvzryv Company for their contribution to improvement of drilling and blasting technology and organization of labor on blasting sites. The article is concluded by a summary of the Conference's decisions.
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Basargin, Andrei A., and Viktor S. Pisarev. "DESIGN OF DRILLING AND EXPLOSION WORKS IN UNDERGROUND MINING USING IN MICROMINE GGIS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 1, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-1-1-3-14.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the modern world, an increasing number of enterprises involved in geological exploration and exploration use special software and information systems in their work. The use of such systems can significantly accelerate the processing and analysis of information. They make it possible to automate the processing and interpretation of geological exploration data, as well as use them to model deposits and design underground drilling and blasting operations. GGIS Micromine will automate the design of drilling and blasting operations while ensuring well placement taking into account the block geometry and rock properties, and a rational distribution of borehole charges for the most efficient crushing of rock mass. In conditions of high intensity of mining operations at the MGIS quarries, Micromine ensures the efficiency and multivariance of design decisions when performing blasting.
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Egorov, V. V., A. N. Volokitin, N. V. Ugolnikov, and A. V. Sokolovsky. "Justification of parameters and technology of drilling and blasting operations to ensure the required lumpiness." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 3/2021 (July 20, 2021): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2021-3-110-115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The practice of mining and blasting operations both during the development of a mineral deposits, and at the mine design stage, often involves the question of selecting the technology options and operation parameters. Virtually all recommendations for selecting the best production option are based on minimizing the total costs for the entire technological cycle of mining activities. In most cases the optimal technology and parameters of mining and blasting operations depend on the commercial, maximum permissible and average size of the blasted rock mass, which are determined by the type and capacity of the mining haulage equipment. Therefore, the total costs will mainly depend on the commercial or average lump size and the cost of mining transport equipment. The article presents a methodology to select the best technological option for the drilling and blasting operations to obtain the optimal lumpiness (particle-size distribution) of the blasted rock. The optimal range of lumpiness is defined by the total minimum costs for the entire production cycle of mining and processing of minerals. In order to select a rational technology of drilling and blasting and to calculate their parameters it is proposed to take into account the integral criteria of lumpiness in addition to the average lump size. For this purpose, we studied the particle size distribution in the rock mass and in the muck piles.
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Guo, Li, Cai Wu Lu, and Zhen Yang. "CAD Secondary Development of Medium-Depth Hole Blasting Design System Based on Object/ARX." Applied Mechanics and Materials 65 (June 2011): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.65.285.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The medium-depth blasting design of underground mining needs to do a lot of data- processing of geological survey and graphics rendering. It is repetitive and tedious. This paper introduces a Medium-depth hole blasting design CAD system (MHBD) based on Object/ARX. However, the system of non-pillar sublevel caving can decrease the labor intensity, reduce design time and improve labor efficiency.
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Zhang, Zhi Yu, Long Fa Luan, Ji Yao, Jian Bin Xie, and Xiang Long Li. "Study on the Influence of Stability for Higher Precipitous Open Pit Slope under Mining Blasting." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 3822–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.3822.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on the hydrological, geologies and slope features of Jianshan phosphate mine in Yunnan province, the geomechanics model of slope was established. Then the static stability of different elevations in mining section was studied by using methods such as the rigid body limit equilibrium method, finite element method, continuum large deformation Lagrange element method. According to the supervise data of the mining blasting, the dynamic response of the slope in blasting was studied by continuum large deformation Lagrange element method, and some suggestions were proposed for following mining blasting. The research results show that the slope was in the stable status before blasting vibration. Current mining blasting vibration has little effect on the stability of slope, but would reduce the safety factor of the top of the slope. Single blasting would enlarge the instantaneous acceleration of the top of the slope in a ratio of 8.8% and 10.8%.
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Yastrebova, Karina, Dmitriy Moldovan, and Vladimir Chernobay. "Influence of the nature of the outflow of explosion products from blast holes and boreholes on the efficiency of rock destruction." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017401017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The problem of the quality of rock preparation before blasting for the further processing has been considered. The data that can solve the problem of keeping explosion products in the charging chamber, increasing productivity of mining companies have been presented. Based on field tests and further processing of the obtained data, conclusions on solving the relevant problem have been made.
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Xu, Shida, Yuanhui Li, Jianpo Liu, and Fengpeng Zhang. "Optimization of blasting parameters for an underground mine through prediction of blasting vibration." Journal of Vibration and Control 25, no. 9 (February 19, 2019): 1585–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319829938.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Drilling and blasting remains the primary method of rock fragmentation in metal mining. However, blasting vibration can adversely affect the stability of the rock. Therefore, prediction of blasting vibration is essential in the mining industry. This paper proposes a combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM) model to predict blasting vibration. Here, PCA was used to simplify the inputs of the SVM. Relative location of the monitoring point to blasting source, total charge, maximum charge per delay, number of delays, burden, spacing, height, and horizontal distance were used as inputs of the combination model (PCA-SVM), while peak particle velocity was set as output. The PCA-SVM model was successfully employed to adjust blasting parameters of the No. 21 stope in Hongtoushan Copper Mine. Two blasting data sets were used to compare the capability of the PCA-SVM model with conventional predictors. The results prove the superiority of the PCA-SVM model in estimating blasting vibration.
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Jing, Hong-di, Yuan-hui Li, and Kun-meng Li. "Study on the Deformation Mechanism of Soft Rock Roadway under Blasting Disturbance in Baoguo Iron Mine." Shock and Vibration 2018 (August 1, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4349810.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to study the deformation mechanism of soft rock roadway in underground mines, it is necessary not only to study the influence of the dynamic disturbance caused by the cyclic mining blasting vibration on the stability of the soft rock roadway but also to study the degradation of the roadway surrounding rock itself and other factors. The paper presented a synthetic research system to investigate the factors that influence roadway rock structure deterioration in Baoguo Iron Mine. Firstly, the stability of rock mass was analyzed from the perspective of the physical and structural characteristics of the rock mass. Afterwards, according to monitoring data of mining blasting vibration, a suitable safety blasting prediction model for Baoguo Iron Mine was determined. And then, combining the results of mining blasting vibration monitoring and deformation monitoring, the effect of cyclic mining blasting on the stability of the soft rock roadway was obtained. By systematically studying the intrinsic factors of rock quality degradation and external environmental disturbances and their interactions, this paper comprehensively explores the deformation mechanism of soft rock roadway and provides the support for fundamentally solving the large deformation problems of soft rock roadway in underground mines.
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Yang, Yuqing, Xiaohua Ding, Wei Zhou, Xiang Lu, Manda Ebelia, Wen An, Jinyu Li, and Xiaonan Zhang. "Open-Pit Mine Geological Model Construction and Composite Rock Blasting Optimization Research." Shock and Vibration 2022 (March 28, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1468388.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, the blasting parameters are designed based on the drilling data of the exploration geological stage, the geophysical and mechanical parameters of the mining area, and the geological age information, and the numerical simulation of the blasting of the layered rock steps is carried out to optimize the blasting parameters. Multiple sets of blasting tests were carried out on-site, and the large block rate, average block size satisfaction rate, large block satisfaction rate, cost satisfaction rate, shovel loading efficiency, and blasting effect satisfaction rate were set as the blasting effect evaluation indicators, which verified the feasibility of the optimized scheme.
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Huang, Dan, Xianyang Qiu, Xiuzhi Shi, Yonggang Gou, and Jian Zhou. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Blast-Induced Vibration for Short-Delay Cut Blasting in Underground Mining." Shock and Vibration 2019 (August 1, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5843516.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is essential to control the damage to the surrounding rock and engineering structures in the process of cut blasting with a single free surface in underground mining. To reduce vibration induced by cut blasting, this paper proposes short-delay cut blasting, in which blast holes that are near each other are sequentially initiated with short-delay times. Experimental tests of cut blasting were conducted in a roadway in the Shaxi copper mine to compare the peak particle velocity (PPV) and frequency characteristics of simultaneous blasting and short-delay blasting. Numerical modelling was then developed to study the influence of short-delay times on blast vibration. The accuracy of the numerical simulation was verified by the comparison of the test and simulated data of single-hole blasting. The results show that the amplitude reduction ratio (ARR) value increases gradually with the increase in delay intervals, and the vibration reduction for delay intervals smaller than 6 ms is very limited, particularly in the near field. The principal frequencies (PFs) for short-delay blasting are similar to those for simultaneous blasting, which implies that the frequencies do not increase directly with the decrease of the delay intervals. The experimental tests also show that the mean frequencies (MFs) for the 8 ms delay are slightly higher than those for the 0 ms delay blast. In the case of ensuring the rock breaking of cut blasting, longer delay intervals of 8∼10 ms are beneficial to further reduce PPV in practical blasting.
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Idowu, Kayode A., Boluwaji M. Olaleye, and Muyideen A. Saliu. "Analysis of blasted rocks fragmentation using digital image processing (Case study: Limestone quarry of Obajana Cement Company)." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 4 (December 2021): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.04.034.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. Blasting is an important aspect of mining activities in which fragmentation is the key component that determines its efficiency. Fragmentation is the first result of blasting, and is directly related to the costs of mining. Methods. There are two basic methods for determining the degree of rock fragmentation, the direct and indirect methods. The direct method includes sieve analysis while the indirect method involves observational, empirical and digital image processing methods. The digital image processing method with the aid of Split Desktop software was used in this study, to analyze the size of fragmentation in Obajana limestone quarry. Two pits of similar line of operation were considered. Findings. In each of the pits considered, five muckpiles of blasted rocks after blasting with different blasting patterns were analyzed to study the fragmentation phenomenon. The F80 and F90 values from the Split Desktop image analysis for the 5×3 m and 4×3 m in Pit 1 and Pit 2 were approximately 87.96 and 96.20 cm; and 91.34 and 98.66 cm respectively. Also, the F80 and F90 values obtained from the Kuz-Ram model for the 5×3 m and 4×3 m of Pit 1and Pit 2 were 99.9967 and 99.9994 cm; and 99.9957 and 99.9993 cm respectively. The results of the Split Desktop were compared to the results of the Kuz-Ram experiential model. The values of F80 and F90 of the blasted rocks are very close to the crusher gape value of 1 m, which reduces the production costs, and that is an outcome practically realized for the two pits of Obajana quarry. Originality. The findings showed that the output obtained from the Split Desktop software which is a digital image processing method were in conformity with the Kuz-Ram experiential model which is based on empirical relationship. Practical implications. In conclusion, the results of the investigation have significant implications for the practical application. It gives more options to explore for rock blast fragmentation efficiency of the desired area.
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Xie, Shengrong, Yiyi Wu, Fangfang Guo, Hang Zou, Dongdong Chen, Xiao Zhang, Xiang Ma, Ruipeng Liu, and Chaowen Wu. "Application of Pre-Splitting and Roof-Cutting Control Technology in Coal Mining: A Review of Technology." Energies 15, no. 17 (September 5, 2022): 6489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176489.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
According to the development requirements of green mining of coal resources, it is imperative to improve the extraction rate of coal and the application of safe and efficient mining technology. Pre-splitting and roof cutting technology is widely used in reducing residual coal pillars and safe pressure relief mining, which has become the crucial technology for pillar-free mining methods. Therefore, it is essential to review and discuss the research hotspots, cutting-edge methods, principles of action, and application areas of the development of this technology. Above all, the research data on pre-splitting and roof-cutting development in the past ten years are summarized and outlined. The research’s hot spots are pressure relief technology and gob-side entry retaining technology. Then, the functional forms of pre-splitting and roof cutting technology are discussed and compared, including explosive blasting (directional energy gathering blasting, liquid explosive blasting, and composite blasting), hydraulic fracturing, liquid CO2 gas fracturing, and mechanized roof cutting (chain arm saw machine and directional cutting roof rig). Through the analysis of field application cases, the application field is divided into three major areas: non-coal pillar mining (gob-side entry driving with narrow coal pillar, gob-side entry retaining with the filling body, completely gob-side entry retaining, and “N00” construction method), pressure relief at working face (thick and hard main roof cracking and end area hard roof cracking), and pressure relief at roadway (gob-side roadway pressure relief and blasting pressure relief technology for roadways). By detailing the process of each application technology one by one, the principle and mode of pre-splitting in each technology are expounded. Finally, the development prospects of pre-splitting and roof cutting in new technical methods, deep pressure relief mining, intelligent unmanned mining, and green and efficient mining are prospected, providing references for similar projects.
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Hussan, B., M. I. Lozynska, D. K. Takhanov, A. O. Oralbay, and S. L. Kuzmin. "Assessing the quality of drilling-and-blasting operations at the open pit limiting contour." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 6 (2021): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2021-6/042.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. To develop a methodology for assessing the quality of drilling-and-blasting operations when setting the side to the final position. In this regard, it is necessary to study the nature of deformations in the near-side masses of the design open-pit contours and to assess the seismic impact of blast waves in accordance with damage in the near and far zones from the open-pit boundary, as well as the level of generated seismic vibrations. Methodology.A methodology for assessing the quality of drilling-and-blasting operations at the limiting contour of open pits is developed using the analysis of the mining-and-geological conditions of the rocks constituting the field, in-situ surveying of the state of the open-pit sides, analysis of the physical-mechanical properties of the host rocks, analytical studies and instrumental measurements of the blasting effect. Findings.Based on the analytical methods, the calculation and analysis of the seismicity coefficient of the rocks at the field have been performed. By means of instrumental measurement of the blasting effect in open pit, data have been obtained on the seismic impact of blasting operations on the near-side mass. Based on the results of these works, a methodology for assessing drilling-and-blasting operations at the limiting contour of the open pit has been developed. Originality.In this work, to assess the blasting effect, the seismicity coefficient of the rock mass is used, which characterizes the degree of elastic response to external dynamic influence and is a parameter that determines the elastic seismic wave intensity with distance from the site of blasting operations. Based on the calculation, a map of the seismicity coefficient distribution in the open-pit area has been compiled. Using the method of instrumental measurements, which serves to determine the seismic impact of blasting on a rock mass, the degree of blasting effect on a near-side mass has been revealed. This made it possible to develop a method for assessing the blasting quality, based on determining the percentage of permissible deviations in the face drilling quality. Practical value.The results of the work will be used to calculate the safe parameters of conducting the blasting operations when setting the side to the final position. This method for assessing the quality of drilling-and-blasting operations can be applied at any mining enterprise conducting open-cut mining of minerals.
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Nikkhah, Ayyub, Ali Behrad Vakylabad, Ahmad Hassanzadeh, Tomasz Niedoba, and Agnieszka Surowiak. "An Evaluation on the Impact of Ore Fragmented by Blasting on Mining Performance." Minerals 12, no. 2 (February 17, 2022): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12020258.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In open-pit mines, the blast operation should be effectively optimized, leading to minimization of production costs through the application of specific technical specifications. However, there is inadequate information in the literature to link blasting to comminution stages. To this end, the effective parameters for the performance of mining unit operations were scrutinized in this work. In this regard, the rock fragmentation distribution (RFD) caused by blasting was considered the main determinative criterion for providing the optimum conditions for the blasting operation at Sarcheshmeh copper mine. By carrying out a statistical analysis of the experimental data, operational parameters affecting the blasting were optimized. The relationship between parameters was obtained using the technique of regression and in accordance with the evaluation criterion under which correlation coefficient (R2) was used to determine the best fitting model. A high correlation coefficient of the loading cycle of the machine’s bucket (Cl) with the independent variables showed that the C1 was more affected by the RFD, as well as the dimensions of the blast block. Because of the wide variations in the nature and structure of rock mass in different mines, in each case, sufficient data should be collected, and these relationships should be analyzed statistically for each individual mine showing wide ranges of fractures and cracks. Therefore, due to these wide variations of ore characteristics, with the current data it seems very difficult to quickly find a significant operational relationship between downstream processes such as crushing efficiency and blasting operations. Therefore, the focus of this research was limited to the effective parameters for blast efficiency. According to the analysis of the data obtained from 20 blasts under different operating conditions, the diameter of the hole was 241.3 mm (such as blast number 20), the ratio of length to width of the explosive block was about 6 (average blasts with high fragmentation efficiency), and the best index of mining operations was 0.22 (such as blast number 20).
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Zvyagintseva, A. V., A. S. Samofalova, S. A. Sazonova, V. V. Kulneva, and N. S. Popova. "Models of technogenic pollution by dust and gas components at protection facilities." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 4 (February 1, 2022): 042025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/4/042025.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The negative impact of the open method development of mining and processing enterprises of the Kursk magnetic anomaly on the environment is considered. The volume of unorganized emissions of dust and harmful gases into the atmosphere during blasting operations at the Lebedinsky GOK quarry is calculated. When processing the results of the experiment, the article used the “STATISTIKA” software package. Calculations of concentrations of harmful substances at the time of blasting showed that the concentration of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and dust in the atmosphere of the quarry exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. Industrial general technical preventive measures aimed at reducing the emission of dust particles during serial explosions of iron-containing rocks at the facility are recommended. An engineering and technical solution has been developed to reduce dust and gas emissions during mass explosions at the quarry of a mining and processing plant. The method of controlling the wetting and sticking of dust particles is applied. Aqueous solutions with an anion active substance based on triethanolamine salts are recommended. The concentration of the surfactant is selected according to the value of the surface tension of the solution.
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Hussan, Bolatkhan, Daulet Takhanov, Sergey Kuzmin, and Sharabidin Abdibaitov. "Research into influence of drilling-and-blasting operations on the stability of the Kusmuryn open-pit sides in the Republic of Kazakhstan." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 3 (September 2021): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.03.130.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. Research into influence of drilling-and-blasting operations on the nature of deformation in near-side masses of the design open-pit contours and assessing the seismic impact of blasting operations, which are the basis for development of recommendations on the rational parameters of drilling-and-blasting operations. Methods. The influence of drilling-and-blasting operations at the limiting contour of the Kusmuryn field is studied using the analysis of the mining-and-geological conditions and tectonics of the rocks constituing the field, in-situ surveying the state of the open-pit sides, analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of the host rocks, analytical studies and instrumental measurements of the blasting effect. Findings. Based on the analytical methods, the calculation and analysis of the seismic stability of the rocks at the field have been performed. By means of instrumental measurement of the blasting effect in open pit, data have been obtained on the seismic impact of blasting operations on the near-side masses. According to the results of these works, rational parameters of drilling-and-blasting operations at the limiting contour of the open pit have been determined. In addition, the main provisions for the organization of drilling-and-blasting operations at the limiting contour of the open pit have been developed. Originality. In this work, for the first time, a joint research method is applied, which includes an analytical calculation of the shock wave seismic impact on a rock mass, based on the results of which the dependency graphs have been obtained of the seismicity coefficient on the rock hardness coefficient at the Kusmuryn field according to the Protodyakonov scale for various explosives, as well as using the method of instrumental measurements, which serves to determine the seismic impact of an explosion on a rock mass. This makes it possible to substantiate the technology of conducting the drilling-and-blasting operations at the contour, providing a long-term stable position of the permanent side of the open pit. Practical implications. The results of the work will be used to calculate the safe parameters of conducting the blasting operations when placing the side in the final position at the Kusmuryn field. This research method can be applied at any mining enterprise conducting open-cut mining of minerals.
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Trofimov, Vitaly, and Ivan Shipovskii. "Simulation fragmentation of samples of rock at explosive loading." E3S Web of Conferences 192 (2020): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019201013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Research to improve the definition of rational parameters for blasting is becoming increasingly important and valuable. This is especially true in the era of digital technology, which allows miners to realize a holistic vision of optimizing the entire process - from the quarry to the receipt of the final product at the processing plant. The proposed computer simulation based on the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method in AUTODYN computer complex to optimize the explosion results by integrating the initial data - charge parameters and rock properties, is aimed at improving measures that reduce the total cost of drilling and blasting, increasing mining productivity and safety. The presented calculations make it possible to estimate the number of fragments and their initial expansion velocity for various explosives.
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Alkadi, Ihssan. "Data Mining." Review of Business Information Systems (RBIS) 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/rbis.v12i1.4394.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recently data mining has become more popular in the information industry. It is due to the availability of huge amounts of data. Industry needs turning such data into useful information and knowledge. This information and knowledge can be used in many applications ranging from business management, production control, and market analysis, to engineering design and science exploration. Database and information technology have been evolving systematically from primitive file processing systems to sophisticated and powerful databases systems. The research and development in database systems has led to the development of relational database systems, data modeling tools, and indexing and data organization techniques. In relational database systems data are stored in relational tables. In addition, users can get convenient and flexible access to data through query languages, optimized query processing, user interfaces and transaction management and optimized methods for On-Line Transaction Processing (OLTP). The abundant data, which needs powerful data analysis tools, has been described as a data rich but information poor situation. The fast-growing, tremendous amount of data, collected and stored in large and numerous databases. Humans can not analyze these large amounts of data. So we need powerful tools to analyze this large amount of data. As a result, data collected in large databases become data tombs. These are data archives that are seldom visited. So, important decisions are often not made based on the information-rich data stored in databases rather based on a decision maker's intuition. This is because the decision maker does not have the tools to extract the valuable knowledge embedded in the vast amounts of data. Data mining tools which perform data analysis may uncover important data patterns, contributing greatly to business strategies, knowledge bases, and scientific and medical research. So data mining tools will turn data tombs into golden nuggets of knowledge.
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Emad, M. Z., Y. Majeed, and G. Rehman. "Rock splitting techniques for reducing undesirable cracks and fissures in rock salt blocks." Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 122, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/1780/2022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Massive deposits of rock salt are mined in the Salt Range area of Pakistan. The main export products of rock salt include salt lamps, blocks, and tiles, while local consumption includes the chemical industry and domestic use. The profitable production of salt for value addition depends on the quality, size, and shape of the block. Salt processing for value addition is easier when very few cracks are present in the blocks. The current salt mining practice involves drilling and blasting, which introduces undesired fractures in the material. This paper focuses on the extraction of rock salt blocks by applying conventional cuboid-shaped block mining methods used in quarries. The techniques include wedges and feathers, expansion chemicals, and blasting with low-yield explosives. Experimental work involved both laboratory-scale and in-situ field testing. Laboratory experiments assisted with the determination of splitting force, load-deformation curves, and other rock mechanics parameters. Regression analysis proposes a relationship for the estimation of radial strain from the load in the case of the wedges and feathers method. The splitting force obtained from the laboratory tests was used to confirm the accuracy of the already published empirical relationship. The results of the laboratory as well as in-situ tests showed that the wedges and feathers technique is the most suitable method for mining rock salt blocks of the desired size, shape, while minimizing cracking.
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Navarro Torres, Vidal Felix, Janine Rodrigues Figueiredo, Raul Carretero De La Hoz, Márcio Botaro, and Leonardo Soares Chaves. "A Mine-to-Crusher Model to Minimize Costs at a Truckless Open-Pit Iron Mine in Brazil." Minerals 12, no. 8 (August 18, 2022): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12081037.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Innovation has an important role in improving the productivity, safety and sustainability of mining operations. Historically, ore transport was done by diesel trucks, but with the commitment to reduce CO2 emissions and increase mine safety, mining companies have invested in innovative, more sustainable ore transport technologies. The innovative truckless system, with the intensive use of belt conveyors to transport the ore from the mine to the processing plant, represents a huge project and capital investment. However, operation costs are lower when considering the decrease of fuel use and also maintenance expenses. This paper presents an economic analysis of a mine-to-crusher model to estimate and minimize the operating expenses of an open-pit iron mine located in northern Brazil. The activities at this truckless mine consist of drilling and blasting, loading and primary crushing. In this study, the calibration of the mine-to-crusher model was based on rock fragmentation from the blasting phase. The costs of each mine operation phase were estimated for an optimum 80% passing size (P80). The calibration was conducted with the values of technical and economic parameters in 2019. By considering the structural lithologies of canga and jaspillites, we concluded that the P80 value that minimizes costs might be in the range from 0.31 to 0.34 m.
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Zhang, Zhao, Ruixin Zhang, Jiandong Sun, Xiaofeng Xu, Yabin Tao, Shuaikang Lv, and Dukang Feng. "Study on the Determination Method of Cast Blasting Stockpile Forms in an Open-Pit Mine." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (June 24, 2022): 6428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136428.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cast blasting–dragline stripping technology is the most advanced mining technology used in open-pit mines. For a long time, however, its precision has been hindered. In this paper, we aim to improve the precision of cast blasting–dragline stripping technology and promote its intelligent design. We present a method to determine cast blasting stockpile forms. First, the 3D point cloud data for the Heidaigou open-pit mine from recent years were collected and counted, and a 3D mathematical model of overcasting stripping steps was constructed. Then, data classification and multivariate statistical analysis were used to establish a cast blasting stockpile characteristic parameter database. Next, locally weighted linear regression was used as the fitting method to achieve shape fitting under different cast blasting step heights. Finally, interval estimation was used as the fitting result test method to verify the morphology of the acquired cast blasting stockpile form. The research results show that the cast blasting stockpile form obtained by fitting can truly reflect the cast blasting effect of the Heidaigou open-pit mine and ensure the reliability and accuracy of the subsequent design of cast blasting–dragline stripping technology.
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Gao, Kui, Ping Huang, Ze-Gong Liu, Jian Liu, Fei Wang, and Chi-Min Shu. "Pressure Relief by Blasting Roof Cutting in Close Seam Group Mining under Thick Sandstone to Enhance Gas Extraction for Mining Safety." Processes 9, no. 4 (March 30, 2021): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9040603.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Close seam group mining under thin immediate roofs and thick sandstone walls is typically performed with a strong mine pressure and gas concentration, which pose considerable risks to miners. In this study, the mechanism of pressure relief and permeability enhancement to enhance gas extraction for mining safety through blasting roof cutting were investigated through theoretical analyses, numerical simulations, and laboratory tests. The results revealed that, near the blast-hole, which produced numerous cracks, blasting disturbed the integrity of the thick-layer roofs and redistributed the stress near the blast-hole, which prevented violent mine pressure caused by excessive fracture distances on the thick and hard roofs, reduced the additional load on the support, increased vertical gas migration, and ameliorated the effect of gas drainage caused by high-level boreholes. The field applications of forced roof cutting through deep-hole blasting in the II 7224N face of the Renlou coal mine (Huaibei, Anhui, PR China) demonstrated that the occurrence of excessive pressure on the fully mechanized mining hydraulic support was prevented. The gas extraction volume of high-level boreholes was maintained at 6–8 m3/min; the extraction concentration was stable at approximately 35%; and the gas concentration in the upper corner of the coal face was lessened from 7% to <1%, which ensured normal mining in the coal face. The current results can provide data reference and a theoretical basis for roof management and gas control of the same type of coal face.
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Shmiel, Oren, Tomer Shmiel, Yaron Dagan, and Mina Teicher. "Processing of Multichannel Recordings for Data-Mining Algorithms." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 54, no. 3 (March 2007): 444–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2006.888826.
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Li, Qingwen, and Ben Xiang. "Rockburst Prediction on the Superimposed Effect of Excavation Accumulation Energy and Blasting Vibration Energy in Deep Roadway." Shock and Vibration 2021 (May 6, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6644590.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In deep mining, much elastic energy is stored in rock mass due to the high geostress. Rockburst will be induced by accumulated energy during excavation. Meanwhile, because of blasting vibration energy in the host rock, there will be an obvious superimposed effect on the probability and intensity of rockburst. To explore the most reasonable and effective method for understanding rockburst problem under blasting, a deep roadway of Sanshandao gold mine was studied. On the basis of in situ geostress data, the accumulated energy of three-centered arch roadway after quasi-static excavation was derived. Then, a series of in situ blasting vibration were monitored, and the blasting vibration energy was calculated by employing the equivalent theory of elastic vibration boundary. Finally, the tendentiousness of rockburst was evaluated qualitatively with the superimposed energy. The results indicated that the disaster-driven energy was increased by 45.1% and 28.2% on different places of roadway. Also, the probability and intensity of rockburst would be raised.
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Monjezi, Masoud, Farhad Farzaneh, and Ahmad Asadi. "Evaluation of Blasting Patterns Using Operational Research Models / Ocena Planów Prac Strzałowych W Oparciu O Metody Badań Operacyjnych." Archives of Mining Sciences 58, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 881–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amsc-2013-0061.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Blasting is one of the most important operations, which has a great technical and economical effect on the mining projects. Criteria such as fragmentation (operation ultimate objective) and ground vibration, flyrock, airblast, etc. (operation side effects) should be considered in the assessment of blasting operation. A suitable pattern should be able to provide both reasonable (required) fragmentation and blasting side effects. In order to evaluate blasting performance, operational research models such as multi attribute decision making technique (MADM) can be applied. Technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), a branch of MADM, is a strong method for pattern ranking. The other quantitative method which is applied in the evaluation of systems’ efficiency is data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a new hybrid MADM model for selecting the most appropriate blasting pattern in Chadormalu iron mine, Iran. In this regard, DEA method was utilized to select the efficient blast patterns thereafter TOPSIS was used to recognize the most suitable pattern amongst the selected patterns by DEA method. It was concluded that the patterns J, G and B are the most appropriate patterns for blasting operations in the Chadormalu iron mine.
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Stanković, Siniša, Mateja Katalinić, Dalibor Kuhinek, and Vječislav Bohanek. "Detecting Atypical Values and Their Influence on Blast-Induced Seismic Measurement Results." Applied Sciences 12, no. 12 (June 8, 2022): 5820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12125820.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Blasting is an essential part of any mining or civil engineering project along with all the benefits that it brings, such as cost and time effectiveness, and safety. Still, there are a few downsides to blasting. Ground oscillation velocity as the most significant impact of blasting has been studied broadly. However, not all measured values should be used for PPV (peak particle velocity) predictor or model development. If a false measured value is included in the model or predictor development, it will provide erroneous results that can lead to the damage of the surrounding structures or an increase in the cost of blasting works. There is no clearly defined procedure for separating atypical values (outliers) within blast-induced seismic-effects measurement data. This paper recommends how to properly validate vibration velocity data by detecting and excluding atypical values and how it influences blast-induced seismic measurement results.
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Luz, José Aurélio Medeiros da, José Margarida da Silva, and Pedro Henrique Neuppmann. "Diagnosis of the production cycle in the small shaft sinking." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 5 (April 12, 2022): e44711528233. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28233.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Shaft sinking is a classic activity in underground mines. In shafts with small cross-section or in mines with low mechanization indices it is common to use hand pneumatic drills and blasting by explosive gelatin in cartridges, employing natural draft or flexible ducts with axial fans for gases and fumes exhaustion, muck removal by hand shoveling into hoistable dumping buckets. System of this type has been studied here, consisting of a rectangular cross-section shaft (3.7 m x 2.0 m), with final depth of 94 m, excavated in order to obtain samples for a pilot-scale mineral processing testwork, before the open pit mine’s industrial startup. The shaft had a concrete collar and its walls were supported by wooden sets spaced 1.5 m and 25 mm thick wooden planks as liners. This shaft has been excavated in schist rocks belonging to the metamorphosed hydrothermal deposit of copper and gold located in Chapada (municipality of Mara Rosa, Brazil). Daily production worksheets covering one month campaign were statistically analyzed, encompassing the entire cycle of mining operations, namely drilling, charging and blasting, fumes exhaustion, mucking, wall and face trimming and scaling, and assemblage of support system. Operation downtimes were also quantified. Statistical analysis of productivity indices allowed the detection of critical points of the operation and the establishment reference for similar mining operations.
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Gao, Hainan, Yubing Gao, Jiong Wang, Qiang Fu, Bowen Qiao, Xingjian Wei, and Xingyu Zhang. "Study on Bidirectional Blasting Technology for Composite Sandstone Roof in Gob-Side Entry-Retaining Mining Method." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 7524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167524.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The traditional gob-side entry-retaining mining method has problems such as difficulty in roof collapse and large deformation of the entry, which may affect the safety of mine production. In this study, we introduced a bidirectional blasting technology (BBT) to make the roof collapse smoothly and to improve the traditional gob-side entry-retaining mining method. A theoretical model of the BBT was established and the stress propagation of the BBT was analyzed by numerical simulation. The gob-side entry-retaining mining method was then applied in a composite sandstone roof condition. Compared with ordinary blasting, the concentrated stress and directional cracks can be generated in the set direction after using the BBT technology. Field monitoring data suggested that the deformation of the retained entry met the requirements of mining, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed technology for composite sandstone roof. The results of the study have an important significance in solving the high pressure and large deformation problems in the coal mine roadway and saving coal resources, which also provided a reference for similar geotechnical mines.
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Gong, Shuang, Yi Tan, Yunpeng Liu, Dan Zhu, and Yang Yu. "Application of Presplitting Blasting Technology in Surrounding Rock Control of Gob-Side Entry Retaining with Hard Roof: A Case Study." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (October 15, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1318975.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Through the analysis of the mining situation and geological data of Qidong mine and working face, the key factors affecting the roof cutting and pressure relief roadway retention along the goaf are defined. Combined with numerical simulation and field test, the reasonable parameters of combined presplitting blasting of deep hole and shallow hole in hard roof are determined, and the roof cutting effect is tested through field observation and borehole peeping. The comprehensive control measures for the surrounding rock of 7135 roadway with roof cutting and pressure relief and gob retaining are formulated, including safety assurance technical measures, such as advanced precrack and seam cutting, roof reinforcement and support, gangue retaining protection beside the roadway, lagging temporary support, and on-site industrial test monitoring scheme. Aiming at the hard rock roof, the “deep hole + shallow hole” presplitting blasting roof cutting technology is developed, and the economic and reasonable blasting parameters are determined. The drilling peep results show that the implementation effect of presplitting blasting technology is good. The results showed that deep holes and shallow holes with small spacing and parallel to each other shall be arranged on the planned seam line. The peeping results show that the crack formation rate in the charging section exceeds 85% in the process of deep hole blasting. In shallow hole blasting, the crack formation rate of charging section is more than 90%.
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Seo, Seunghwan, Younghun Ko, and Moonkyung Chung. "Evaluation of Field Applicability of High-Speed 3D Digital Image Correlation for Shock Vibration Measurement in Underground Mining." Remote Sensing 14, no. 13 (June 29, 2022): 3133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14133133.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When combined with high-speed photography technology, the digital image correlation (DIC) method provides an excellent photographic image processing capability that can be used to convert the evolving full-field surface properties of structures to sets of two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) coordinate values. In this study, the applicability of the DIC method and high-speed cameras in underground mining was investigated by measuring the displacement and vibration of rock pillars caused by blasting. This technique is used extensively in engineering and is increasingly being applied to new fields. As a result of comparing the DIC results for blast vibration with the measured values of the contact sensor through field tests, the maximum displacement and vibration speed were found to be 86% and 93% accurate, respectively. In addition, the obtained values appeared similar to those predicted through numerical analysis. Field test results indicate that both methods yielded similar results. Therefore, it is concluded that it is feasible to use the DIC and high-speed camera to measure ground displacements and vibrations from blasting in underground mining. In addition, the system conditions required for blast vibration measurement were considered by comparing the accuracy with the existing measurement methods.
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H, H. Kaleemullah, and A. S. Tincky Shalinee. "Data Mining Techniques and Applications." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 12 (December 31, 2022): 1139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.48009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: In recent days internet is considered as the main supply for searching the information and collecting data . The extraction of the data from the web offers several query results. Machine-controlled tools are needed through queries from the amount of pages by using the internet to spot the connected info. Data mining method is taken into account an efficient method of extracting the relevant information from databases. This method is employed for the pattern identification. Data mining could be a method that finds helpful patterns from great amount of knowledge. The paper discusses few of the information mining techniques, algorithms and a few of the organizations that have adapted data processing technology to enhance their businesses and located glorious results
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Young, R. P., and J. J. Hill. "Seismic attenuation spectra in rock mass characterization; a case study in open‐pit mining." GEOPHYSICS 51, no. 2 (February 1986): 302–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442090.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The application of engineering geophysics to the characterization of rock masses is exemplified through a case study of three phases of a research project into the design of efficient blasting systems in open‐pit mining. Seismic experiments are used before and after mine blasting to monitor the efficiency of explosions in terms of rock fragmentation. Spectral analysis of seismic signals, after they have been used to interrogate rock masses, is used to compute preblast and postblast attenuation and velocity parameters. The results show that fragmentation efficiency of a mine blast and fracture anisotropy of a rock mass can be quantified in terms of three‐dimensional (3-D) attenuation spectra and polar anisotropy diagrams. These seismic data are correlated with the blast design and the energy used by the excavating dragline machine to dig to rock mass. An overview of the seismic attenuation technique and instrumentation used in the project (phases I and II) is given. A case study from phase III highlights the scope and interpretation of the relationship between excavation parameters and seismically characterized blasting efficiency.
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Dauji, Saha. "A Re-Look Into Modified Scaled Distance Regression for Prediction of Blast-Induced Ground Vibration." International Journal of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering 12, no. 1 (January 2021): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgee.2021010103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Underground blasts are conducted for deep excavations, tunneling, or mining activities. Scaled distance regression analysis is performed in industry to estimate peak particle velocity from charge weight and distance. For addressing the uncertainties in estimating safe charge weight for controlled blasting, 95% confidence expression is generally used. For addressing inaccuracies arising from superimposition of blast waves in multi-hole blasting when using attenuation equation developed from single-hole blast data, a modified approach was proposed in literature. This article presents comparisons to establish that industrial practice of scaled distance regression would be as satisfactory as the proposed modified approach, when various performance measures (including parsimony) are considered together. Furthermore, industrial practice of using 95% confidence expression generated from sufficient data (say, 40 numbers) would result in safe charge weight estimation, whereas modified scaled distance approach (mean expression) could still result in few non-conservative values.
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Feng, Cao. "The Application of Web Data Mining System Model in Mechanical Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 681 (April 2013): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.681.79.
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Web Data Mining is a new research field combining Data Mining with Internet, this paper introduces the significance, signification, and classification of Web Data Mining, then discusses the representative process of Web Data Mining based on XML detailedly, designs a material Web Data Mining system model and presents the structure frame and working mechanism of the system model for offering a competitive processing environment, it is advantageous to improving the whole performance of Web Data Mining.
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Ding, Jianwei. "Case Investigation Technology Based on Artificial Intelligence Data Processing." Journal of Sensors 2021 (October 26, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4942657.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Through data mining technology, the hidden information behind a large amount of data is discovered, which can help various management services and provide scientific basis for leadership decision-making. It is an important subject of current police information research. This paper conducts in-depth research on the investigation analysis and decision-making of public security cases and proposes a case-based reasoning model based on two case databases. Moreover, this paper discusses in detail the use of data mining technology to automatically establish a case database, which is a useful exploration and practice for the public security department to establish a new and efficient case investigation auxiliary decision-making system. In addition, this paper studies the method of using data mining technology to assist in the establishment of a case database, analyzes the characteristics of traditional case storage methods, and constructs a case investigation model based on artificial intelligence data processing. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper has certain practical effects.
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Chen, Weiru, Jared Oliverio, Jin Ho Kim, and Jiayue Shen. "The Modeling and Simulation of Data Clustering Algorithms in Data Mining with Big Data." Journal of Industrial Integration and Management 04, no. 01 (March 2019): 1850017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424862218500173.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Big Data is a popular cutting-edge technology nowadays. Techniques and algorithms are expanding in different areas including engineering, biomedical, and business. Due to the high-volume and complexity of Big Data, it is necessary to conduct data pre-processing methods when data mining. The pre-processing methods include data cleaning, data integration, data reduction, and data transformation. Data clustering is the most important step of data reduction. With data clustering, mining on the reduced data set should be more efficient yet produce quality analytical results. This paper presents the different data clustering methods and related algorithms for data mining with Big Data. Data clustering can increase the efficiency and accuracy of data mining.
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Zhihuang Jiang. "Traffic Operation Data Analysis and Information Processing Based on Data Mining." Automatic Control and Computer Sciences 53, no. 3 (May 2019): 244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0146411619030040.
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Deng, Qi Zhi, Long Bo Zhang, Xin Qian, Ya Li Chen, and Feng Ying Wang. "A New Data Classification Algorithm for Data-Intensive Computing Environments." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 3318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.3318.
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In order to solve the problem of how to improve the scalability of data processing capabilities and the data availability which encountered by data mining techniques for Data-intensive computing, a new method of tree learning is presented in this paper. By introducing the MapReduce, the tree learning method based on SPRINT can obtain a well scalability when address large datasets. Moreover, we define the process of split point as a series of distributed computations, which is implemented with the MapReduce model respectively. And a new data structure called class distribution table is introduced to assist the calculation of histogram. Experiments and results analysis shows that the algorithm has strong processing capabilities of data mining for data-intensive computing environments.
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Kovacs, Attila, Bogdan Garaliu-Busoi, Daniela Carmen Rus, Claudia Miron, and Olga Miclea. "Methodology for measuring the seismic effects generated by quarry blasting works." MATEC Web of Conferences 373 (2022): 00060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202237300060.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Exploitation of useful mineral substances by surface works is an important branch of mining activity. For rocks of low strength or weak aggregation, the method of extraction by mechanical means (excavators of various types, draglines) is successfully applied, but for rocks of medium and high strength, aggregated with or without cracks, or other geological anomalies, the method of extraction generalized exploitation is that by drilling-blasting, using explosives appropriate to the field conditions and correlated according to the technical possibilities and the geometry of the work. One of the major disadvantages to the technologies where drillingblasting works are applied is the generation of seismic waves, which will propagate after the detonation of the charges. In the common situation, where in the area of operation are civilian or industrial targets, that need to be protected, it is important to monitor these effects by performing seismic measurements and then processing the data to adjust the blasting technique in order to reduce these seismic waves in intensity, but while maintaining adequate performance parameters. The paper presents the methodology based on technical-scientific principles for performing these measurements, applied to surface exploitation.
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Wu, Xu, Qifeng Guo, and Yunpeng Zhang. "A New Mathematical Model for Predicting the Surface Vibration Velocity on the Step Topography." Shock and Vibration 2018 (November 14, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8356254.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to control production blasting and optimize mining operation, it is important to study the step topography vibration amplification and attenuation effect in the open-pit mine. Surface particle vibration velocity attenuation characteristics, the formation, and change rules of the terrain effect were studied by analyzing the field measured data. Results show that local amplification effect and local attenuation amplification effect of particle vibration velocity are obvious. Amplification effect associates with bench height, and the attenuation effect is closely related with the distance from the vibration source and distance from the top. With the increase of elevation, vibration magnification of the particle on the top was 1.1∼1.4. Because of the influence of the terrain effect, particle vibration velocity on the slope toe was obviously inhibitory. Based on the measured data, elevation amplification factor and clamping effect factor which influence blasting vibration velocity are put forward, and a new mathematical model considering the attenuation coefficient, the elevation amplification coefficient, and the clamping effect coefficient for predicting the blasting vibration velocity of the step topography is further improved. The regression analysis results show that the fitting coefficient of determination of the new prediction model is 0.8152 in horizontal and 0.8902 in vertical, respectively, and the prediction error is less than 20%, which is much better than other formulas. This new model provides effective reference for blasting seismic wave propagation law research of slope engineering.
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Ptáček, J., P. Konicek, L. Staš, P. Waclawik, and R. Kukutsch. "Rotation of principal axes and changes of stress due to mine-induced stresses." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 52, no. 10 (October 2015): 1440–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2014-0364.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research project comprises stress monitoring, primarily of the changes induced by longwall mining or destress blasting, which was realized in a mine of the Ostrava-Karviná Coalfields (Upper Silesian Coal Basin). Verification of the stress field response to stresses induced by different geological or mining factors was the main aim of the research project. Stress change monitoring in the region of the advanced longwall was carried out using seven stress probes. In all, seven boreholes were instrumented with compact conical ended borehole monitoring (CCBM) probes for continuous stress monitoring of the stress–strain changes due to mining and the destress blasting effect. Compact conical-ended borehole overcoring (CCBO) and CCBM probe installation were carried out before the start of the longwall mining. Data of the stress changes in all seven probes were recorded weekly and, after the longwall advanced, daily. Analysis of the stress changes was based on the idea of original stress distribution, which is based on long-term experiences in rock mass behavior in similar geological and mining conditions. For all probes, the magnitude of stress changes and principal axis direction changes were investigated. Analysis results to date indicate that stress changes ahead of the longwall face present not only the changes of stress magnitude, but the rotation of the axes of the stress components as well. Rotations of the principal axes emerged as very important factors of the stress tensor changes and their influence on rock mass deformation and stability of the workings. In addition, results show that the vertical to horizontal stress component ratio converges to 1 and in many cases horizontal stresses are higher than vertical ones. This of course relates to the impact of mine-induced stresses. This knowledge is basic for the purpose of prevention of rock burst because the actual stress state is fundamental to its proper and operative planning.
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Lv, Shu Ran, Qing Nan Wei, and Kai Yang. "Explosion Experimental Study Based on the Small Tailings Pond Model." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.485.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Explosion experiment was implemented on the small tailings dam model, aims to study the explosion effect of tailings sand under the action of the explosion. Explosion experiment includes three phases; experimental points were set respectively in the starter dam, embankment and deposited beach. In this experiment, blasting vibration velocity and vertical displacement of sand body are measured and collected, so did the tailings sand’s moisture content, cracks’ size, blasting crater, water and sand spurt phenomenon. Experimental results show that the buried conditions and tailings dam’s moisture content have a significant impact on explosion effect. By processing the velocity and displacement data, the attenuation law of blast vibration velocity in the tailings dam is reached, the blasting vibration velocity corresponding to crack damage of sand body is predicted, and the relationship between failure phenomenon of the tailings dam and the displacement produced by explosion is obtained.
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Zhang, Jia Liang, Jian Guo Yang, Shou Guo Shen, and Han Yan Chen. "Process Optimization of Candy Production Based on Data Mining." Advanced Materials Research 282-283 (July 2011): 662–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.282-283.662.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are complicated correlations between process parameters and quality indicators in candy manufacturing. The objective of this work is to develop an optimization system of candy production process to improve final candy quality and to increase production efficiency. The study is conducted by using an artificial neural network data mining method to obtain optimization knowledge of process parameters from large amount of saved process data. The software platform including data processing, statistic analysis, data mining and graphical display module was developed and the quality forecasting models for typical processing operations were discussed. Experiments indicated that the system can optimize and predict the quality of candy production process effectively.
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Shcherbakov, Petro, Svitlana Tymchenko, Marat Bitimbayev, Nurzhigit Sarybayev, and Serik Moldabayev. "Mathematical model to optimize drilling-and-blasting operations in the process of open-pit hard rock mining." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 2 (2021): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.02.025.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose is to determine a function of the reduced expenditures connected with drilling-and-blasting operations, loading and hauling operations, and rock fragmentation depending upon the cost of machine-shift of the applied facility, its operation modes, hardness of rock being blasted, cost of the used explosive, and rock fragmentation quality based upon the developed optimization mathematical model. Methods. Method of statistical evaluation of natural blockiness structure of the rock as well as quality of its fragmentation by means of explosive energy has been applied. Statistical studies have been carried out concerning the basic indices of rock fragmentation depending upon its largeness and block hardness. Purposely-designed experimental equipment has been applied for sampling analysis of the rock fracturing in the process of its drilling by means of rotary drilling rig. The abovementioned supported representativeness of the sampling. Findings. Statistical distributions of the rock blockiness structure in terms of each bar length involving its place within the drilling assembly as well as in terms of the well depth have been compiled. Visual comparison of experimental data and theoretical data has helped determine that the statistical distributions of natural blockiness structure of the rock have the closest correlation with gamma distribution which differential function has two positive parameters. Statistical dependence has been defined between drilling-and-blasting results and the total expenditures connected with hard rock mining. Originality. A concept of oversize crushing coefficient has been introduced; its statistical dependence upon the mined rock hardness and specific consumption of the applied explosive has been derived. An alternative has been proposed concerning changes in parameters of the differential function of the assumed gamma distribution relative to the predicted granulometric composition of rock mass. Practical implications. Economic and mathematical model has been developed involving a target function of the total expenditures connected with the listed operations as well as a set of constraints avoiding incorrect decisions. The optimization method makes it possible to control drilling-and-blasting parameters at each stage of hard rock mining.