Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Mineral sludge"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Mineral sludge"
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da Silva, Paulo Henrique Müller, Fabio Poggiani, and Jean Paul Laclau. "Applying Sewage Sludge toEucalyptus grandisPlantations: Effects on Biomass Production and Nutrient Cycling through Litterfall." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2011 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/710614.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In most Brazilian cities sewage sludge is dumped into sanitary landfills, even though its use in forest plantations as a fertilizer and soil conditioner might be an interesting option. Sewage sludge applications might reduce the amounts of mineral fertilizers needed to sustain the productivity on infertile tropical soils. However, sewage sludge must be applied with care to crops to avoid soil and water pollution. The aim of our study was to assess the effects of dry and wet sewage sludges on the growth and nutrient cycling ofEucalyptus grandisplantations established on the most common soil type for Brazilian eucalypt plantations. Biomass production and nutrient cycling were studied over a 36-month period in a complete randomized block design. Four experimental treatments were compared: wet sewage sludge, dry sludge, mineral fertilizer, and no fertilizer applications. The two types of sludges as well as mineral fertilizer increased significantly the biomass ofEucalyptustrees. Wood biomass productions 36 months after planting were similar in the sewage sludge and mineral fertilization treatments (about 80 tons ha−1) and 86% higher than in the control treatment. Sewage sludge application also affected positively leaf litter production and significantly increased nutrient transfer among the components of the ecosystem.
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Abdullayev, Ş. N., F. Y. İbadullayev, E. H. Nəsirov, A. R. Qüdrətli, and A. R. Qüdrətli. "HÖVSAN AERASİYA STANSİYASINDA TEXNOLOJİ PROSES ZAMANI ƏMƏLƏ GƏLƏN İZAFİ LİLİN TƏDQİQİ." “Water Problems: science and technologies” 1, no. 1 (June 10, 2021): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30546/wtst.2020.1.75.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. hovsan Aeration Station provides treatment and processing of wastewater in baku. The amount of annual sludge here reaches 2 million cubic meters. These sludges contain complex multicomponent substances of organic and mineral origin. Taking this into consideration, we analyzed surplus sludge that generated during the technological process at hovsan Aeration Station. The studied surplus sample is a substance that is thickened in the mechanical workshop of the station, and then the substances are dehydrated in a centrifuge. They consist of a complex polydisperse system. The study of surplus sludge formed during the technological process at hovsan aeration station revealed that the main component of sludge consists of organic substances. The mineralogical composition is dominated by silicon dioxide and magnesium calcite. Keywords: wastewater, surplus sludge, mineral service, organic matter
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Defontaine, G., J. Thormann, B. S. Lartiges, A. G. El Samrani, and O. Barrès. "Incorporation of hydrophobized mineral particles in activated sludge flocs: a way to assess ballasting efficiency." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 10-11 (November 1, 2005): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0692.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The role of mineral surface hydrophobicity in attachment to activated sludge flocs was investigated. Fluorite and quartz particles of similar granulometry were hydrophobized by adsorbing sodium oleate and dodecylamine chloride, respectively. Mineral hydrophobicity was assessed by flotation expriments. The attachment of particles to microbial flocs was determined by optical microscopy. The results indicate that hydrophobized particles are always better incorporated within activated sludge flocs than non-coated particles. A comparison with Aquatal particles used as sludge ballast reveals that hydrophobized minerals are associated with microbial flocs to the same extent.
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Tarre, S., R. Armon, G. Shelef, and M. Green. "Effects of water characteristics on granular sludge formation in a USB reactor for denitrification of drinking water." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 9 (November 1, 1994): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0463.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The effects of water chemical composition on granular sludge formation in a denitrifying USB reactor was studied. The mineral fraction and sludge volume index (SVI) of the granular sludge in the reactor were found to be closely related to the composition of the influent water. Groundwater and simulated ‘hard’ water produced granules with good settling characteristics and high reactor VSS concentrations. Sludge granules from the reactor fed with surface water, which had lower concentrations of calcium and alkalinity, had a low mineral content and high SVI values resulting in biomass washout and reactor instability. The mineralization process, as expressed by the sludge's ash content (mainly CaCO3), is due to an increase in the pH and alkalinity during denitrification thereby changing the reactor's precipitation potential.
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Zhao, Qi Gang, Zuo Ren Nie, Hong Liu, Su Ping Cui, and Ya Li Wang. "Utilization of Municipal Sludge in the Calcination of Cement Clinker." Materials Science Forum 814 (March 2015): 546–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.814.546.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Using the sludge of sewage treatment plant to calcine cement clinker is a new method and is confirmed on the international to utilize city sludge recycling and harmlessly. In this work the test of the raw material burnability, cement clinker mineral composition and petrographic analysis were used to study microscopic characteristics of clinker, to analysis of the effect of sludge performance of cement clinker calcination. It was found that when sludge were as a raw material for calcining cement clinker, best city sludge content was around 15% ~ 20%. With an improvement of lime saturation coefficient, the burnability of raw material declined. The mineral composition of sludge clinker was the same as that of the conventional Portland clinker, while mineral structure and morphology of the sludge clinker were better.
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I V, Starostina, Kosukhin M M, Simonov M M, and Starostina Yu.L. "Research of the opportunity to use sludge wastes of ferrovanadium production as pigments for silicate paints." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.23 (April 20, 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.23.11880.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article considers the urgent problem of formation, storage and recycling of sludge materials of various compositions, generated as a result of industrial enterprises wastewater treatment and sanitation. It is pointed out that in spite of a lot of designs concerning the wastewater neutralization sludges recycling, the share of their efficient usage is still negligible. So, one of the most relevant trends of nature protection activity and the rational use of natural resources is developing a technology of these wastes reclamation and applying them for useful products manufacturing. The research of chemical, mineral and grain composition of ferrovanadium production sludge wastes, generated at waste waters neutralization at the «EVRAZ Vanadii Tula», Tula, Russia, has been carried out. A method of obtaining pigments for silicate paints on the basis of these sludges has been considered. The influence of the sludges' thermal treatment conditions on their mineral composition and the properties of paints based on them has been evaluated. The pigments content varies from 1 to 3 %. It has been demonstrated that the most promising is the usage of initial sludges and heat-treated at temperature 1000°С sludges as pigments for high-performance silicate paints.
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Zubkova, Olga, Aleksey Alexeev, Arseniy Polyanskiy, Kirill Karapetyan, Olga Kononchuk, and Markus Reinmöller. "Complex Processing of Saponite Waste from a Diamond-Mining Enterprise." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (July 19, 2021): 6615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146615.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The solution of the sludge utilization problem and yield increase at processing plants have great importance today all over the world. Disasters associated with the tailings dams failures have madeus develop technologies of tailings sludge utilization as a commercial product, reducing the environmental damage on the regions of mineral extraction. This research aimed to provide new data, methods and an analytical approach to solve the saponite sludge accumulation problem on mining enterprises with silicate coagulant to increase the rate of cycle water clarification for the enrichment process and the recycling of sludge to reduce its hazardous effect. Samples were taken in the deposit located in the north of the European part of Russia, where diamond bearing ore contain montmorillonite minerals, mostly saponite, which is considered to be a perspective secondary product. The content of this mineral in the sludge is above 20 wt.%. Saponite is a clay mineral with the general chemical formula (Ca,Na)0.3(Mg, Fe2+)3(Si, Al)4O10(OH)2·4H2O. The mineral has high adsorption, ion exchange, and catalytic and filtration properties; due to the developed diffuse layer, saponite particles are highly stable in an aqueous medium—the resulting suspension is highly stable and has slow sedimentation. During the research, a positive effect on the sedimentation process of clay saponite particles was established, due to the introduction of a coagulant containing 70% tricalcium silicate, at a dosage of 2 g/dm3 coagulant; the degree of purification of water containing the saponite clay suspension is 99%. The condensed sediment after the thermal drying and with the limestone addition can be used again as a coagulant or secondary product with enhanced properties;therefore, the sludge will be processed, and not stored.
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DOUAER, Naima, Abdelkader DOUAOUI, Madjid MEHAIGUENE, Mohamed ZOUIDI, and Wiem HAMZA. "The effect of municipal sewage sludge on properties physicochemical and microbial agricultural soil." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 13, no. 1 (February 23, 2021): 10804. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb13110804.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The organic matter content of sludge can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil ensuring better cultivation and good agricultural productivity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of sewage sludge on the main physicochemical and biological properties of the soil. The sludge was spread in an agricultural field in Ain defla (Algeria) cultivated with a tomato crop (‘Panikra’) in four treatments: (T): soil without sewage sludge and without mineral fertilization, (B): soil with sewage sludge, (E): soil with mineral fertilization, (B + E): soil with sewage sludge and mineral fertilization. For this, several physical, chemical and microbiological properties were analyzed on the residual sludge used and the soils collected in the studied plots. The results show that the sludge used does not exhibit any toxicity and that the treatment with the sewage sludge with the fertilizer used on the agricultural soil forms a better compost for improving the physicochemical quality of the soil compared to the other treatments. The application of sewage sludge also can accelerate microbial activity by increasing the number of bacteria, fungi and azotobacter.
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Hall, J. E., and B. A. Stark. "Effects on lambs of ingestion of soil treated with sevage sludge." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1989 (March 1989): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600010898.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sewage sludge contains a range of essential and non-essential elements for livestock nutrition, many of which are toxic at elevated levels. Where sludge is applied to the surface of pasture regularly, contaminants principally heavy metals will accumulate in the surface layer (Davis et al 1988), and may represent a potential health hazard for grazing animals through the direct ingestion of contaminated soil much greater than that from plant uptake. Whilst it is known that soil ingestion can supplement mineral intake with benefits to grazing animals in some situations, the potentially toxic effects of ingesting soil from heavily sludged pastures are of principal concern (Stark 1988). Bearing in mind the strategic importance of grassland for sludge disposal, it must be demonstrated whether existing soil metals limits (DoE 1988) will adequately protect grazing animals. The principal objective of the trial was to study animal growth performance as well as mineral balance from a diet with elevated copper levels derived from a sludge treated soil. Lambs were used for their greater sensitivity to copper than cattle, and the length of the trial simulated the normal finishing period of five months for lambs on pasture.
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Mason, C. A., A. Häner, and G. Hamer. "Aerobic Thermophilic Waste Sludge Treatment." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The expansion in both industrial and municipal wastewater treatment in recent years has resulted in a major increase in the quantities of by-product sludge produced and has exacerbated problems of waste sludge treatment and/or disposal. The traditional method for waste sewage sludge treatment is anaerobic mesophilic digestion for sludges that are to be disposed of on agricultural land. Other disposal methods for untreated sludges include incineration, an option receiving increased interest, and ocean dumping, an option that is environmentally incompatable and used much less frequently today compared with 10 years ago. Sewage sludge can be considered to be a resource as far as its mineral nutrient composition is concerned. However, this resource cannot be exploited in agriculture because sludges are inevitably contaminated with noxious chemicals that partition into the sludge during either primary or secondary wastewater treatment. In the case sewage sludge, pathogenic and potentially pathogenic organisms are also present unless such contaminants are removed during treatment. Traditional mesophilic treatment under anaerobic conditions does not remove either noxious chemicals such as detergent residues or pathogenic organisms to a satisfactory degree. During the past decade, autothermal aerobic thermophilic pretreatment processes have been introduced as a complementary sludge treatment stage. Such aerobic pretreatment processes allow both the biodegradation of chemicals that are recalcitrant to anaerobic treatment and the thermal inactivation of pathogenic organisms. However, their introduction as a total treatment process for sludges is inhibited by their relatively poor conversion efficiencies as far as mineralization is concerned. In this contribution the biodegradation bacteria under aerobic thermophilic conditions will be described and discussed and concepts for biomass yield coefficient reduction that could enhance aerobic thermophilic sludge treatment process effectiveness will be introduced.
Дисертації з теми "Mineral sludge"
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Osman, Suhana Hanum. "The degradation of refractory mineral oil residues using bioreactors." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1998. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/26875.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis is concerned with the biodegradation of oily sludges typically found at refinery sites as waste residues from the refining of mineral oil. Currently these type of wastes represent significant environmental risk. Current technology that addresses containment during treatment to regulate the release of volatile organic carbons and reduction of the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the sludge, is incineration. Incineration is a costly option and this research has shown that the same treatment standards as incineration is achievable through bioreactor treatment with the correct process and reactor design.
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Ström, Nikolina. "Nutrient release from Revaq sludge vs. mineral fertilizer – Implications for eutrophication effects from agriculture." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-40176.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Many farmers today are using mineral fertilizers (MF) containing big amounts of nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen, which can lead to e.g. eutrophication in watercourses. Due to this problem, the use of Revaq-certified sewage sludge (RS) as fertilizer has drawn some attention, both because it might be a better alternative than MF and for the return and circulation of phosphorus and nitrogen. The aim with this study was to see if there was any difference between these two fertilization methods when analyzing nutrients in leakage water from soil that had been fertilized with either: RS or MF. An experiment was carried out with soil in pots fertilized with either MF or RS. The soil was watered and the leakage water sampled and analyzed for total phosphorus and total nitrogen. The results showed a clear difference of nutrient concentrations between the MF and RS. Soil fertilized with MF released phosphorus in a higher concentration than soil with RS. The result for total nitrogen showed that MF also released higher nitrogen concentration than RS during the first days after. The conclusions is therefore that MF due to its high concentrations of released nutrients, might more likely contribute to eutrophication than RS.
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LESSA, MARCUS PAULO FOURNIER. "STUDY OF EFFECT FOR APLICATION TO A HUMIC COMPOUND OF MINERAL SOURCE ON HEAVY METALS PRESENTS IN SEWAGE SLUDGE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5924@1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCom base no procedimento EPA-3050B, estudou-se o teor de metais (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, e Zn) em lodos de esgoto da CETESB. Foram analisadas duas amostras e os resultados obtidos foram (Cd =3,4 ; Cr =367,5 ; Cu =263,0 ; Ni=290,6 ; Pb =91,5 ; Zn =1324,9 mg/ kg) para primeira amostra e (Cd =3,0 ; Cr =332,2 ; Cu =190,5 ; Ni=274,6 ; Pb =82,5 ; Zn =1284,2 mg/ kg) para segunda amostra, resultados estes inferiores aos descritos pela CETESB para amostras de lodo da mesma estação de tratamento. Dada uma potencial utilização deste material como adubo agrícola, foi determinada a fração disponível destes metais. Com exceção do níquel (25%), uma fração pequena dos metais estudados encontra-se na forma assimilável pelas plantas (< 20%), com base no procedimento descrito pela EMBRAPASolos (extração com DTPA). Os efeitos de uma eventual utilização de composto húmico mineral (CHM) como aditivo ao lodo, visando uma redução na fração assimilável de metais, foi estudada em função da quantidade de CHM aplicado e do pH da solução final. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o CHM possui um poder de complexação para os metais semelhante ao do DTPA e que, sua aplicação ao lodo de esgoto, teria, na realidade um efeito de potencializar a fração disponível de certos metais como o zinco.
Based on the EPA-3050B procedure, the concentration of metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in sludge source at CETESB studied. Two samples were analyzed and the results obtained were (Cd =3,4 ; Cr =367,5 ; Cu =263,0 ; Ni=290,6 ; Pb =91,5 ; Zn =1324,9 mg/ kg) and (Cd =3,0 ; Cr =332,2 ; Cu =190,5 ; Ni=274,6 ; Pb =82,5 ; Zn =1284,2 mg/ kg). These concentrations were below those descried by SABESP for sludge samples measured in the same treatment station. Due to the potential utilization of these materials as manure in agriculture, the disposal fraction of these metals was determined. Except nickel (25%), a little fraction of metals studied is assimilated by plants (< 20%), base on the procedure already descried by EMBRAPA- Solos (extraction with DTPA). The effect of an eventual utilization to humic mineral compound (HMC), as additive in sludge, aiming the reduction of the assimilated fraction of metals, were studied in function of both, the amount of HMC applied and the final pH of the solution. The results obtained showed that HMC has a complexation potential for metals similar to DTPA and that, its application in sludge, has in fact, a potential effect on the disposal fraction of metals such as zinc.
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Mobricci, Cassiano Augusto de Nadai [UNESP]. "Adubação mineral, esterco de curral e lodo de esgoto no desenvolvimento inicial do cafeeiro." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86363.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
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mobricci_can_me_fca.pdf: 653879 bytes, checksum: e715f421035a5c18fd6084a839fdc6d7 (MD5)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
O lodo de esgoto (LE) é um resíduo do tratamento das águas servidas, sejam domésticas, industriais ou agroindustriais, contendo níveis de matéria orgânica, macro e micronutrientes fundamentais para a fertilidade do solo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o comportamento de plantas de café, comparando a utilização de lodo de esgoto, esterco de curral curtido (EC) e adubação mineral, avaliando-se o desenvolvimento das plantas, alterações na fertilidade do solo e o estado nutricional das plantas, bem como o acúmulo de metais pesados que pudessem atingir concentrações fitotóxicas para o solo e às plantas manejadas com as diferentes doses de lodo de esgoto. O experimento foi instalado em vasos de 20 litros preenchidos com LATOSSOLO VERMELHO. Foi utilizado o cultivar de café Tupi, linhagem IAC 1669-33 como planta indicadora. Constituiu de nove tratamentos e oito repetições, totalizando 72 plantas. Foram avaliados a cada dois meses os parâmetros de altura das plantas e diâmetro da copa. Depois de 12 meses foi avaliada a composição química das folhas fisiologicamente maduras, visando determinar N, P, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn e Mo e os metais pesados As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Ni e Se. No mesmo período foram retiradas amostras de solo das parcelas, onde quatro amostras simples foram homogeneizadas, secas ao ar e peneiradas para posteriormente ser retirada uma amostragem composta para se determinar os nutrientes. As médias das características foram avaliadas pelo quadro de análise de variância (ANAVA) e regressão linear múltipla e comparadas pelo Teste de Tukey a um nível de 5% de significância. Os resultados comprovam a eficiência do lodo de esgoto no fornecimento de nutrientes às plantas de café, principalmente, N, P, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn e na redução da acidez ativa e potencial dos solos. A elevação do pH e o aumento dos teores de 2 matéria orgânica...
The sewage sludge is a residue of served water treatment (domestic, industrial or agoindustrial water), with organic material levels and basic macro and micronutrients for the soil fertility. This work had the aim of studying the behavior of coffee plants, comparing the sewage sludge, corral manure and mineral fertilization usage, evaluating the plants development, soil fertility alterations and plants nutritional state, as well the accumulation of heavy metal which could reach biotoxic concentrations for the soil and plants treated with the different doses of sewage sludge. The experiment had been installed in 20 liters vases filled with RED LATOSSOIL. It had been used Tupi Coffee, ancestry IAC 1669-33 as indicator plant. The experiment had been constituted of 9 treatments and 8 replications, totaling 72 plants. The biometrics parameters of plants had been evaluated in each 2 months, as plants height, cop diameter. After 12 months, the chemical compound of physiological mature leaves had been evaluated, aiming to determine N, P, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn Zn, Mo and the heavy metals As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb and Se. In the same period, soil samples had been removed from the plots, in which 4 simple samples had been homogenized, dried in air and sifted, and later, compound samples had been removed to determine the nutrients. The averages of the characteristics had been evaluated by the variation analysis chart (ANAVA) and multiple linear regression and compared by the Tukey Test, with 5% significance level. The results prove the efficiency of sewage sludge to provide nutrients to coffee plants, mainly N, P, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn and reduce the active and potential acidity of soils. The pH elevation and organic material tenors increase provided by the sewage sludge and corral manure treatments conduced a smaller mobility of heavy metals in soils and leaves, 4 not reaching critical levels to the environment or to the coffee plants.
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Mobricci, Cassiano Augusto de Nadai 1977. "Adubação mineral, esterco de curral e lodo de esgoto no desenvolvimento inicial do cafeeiro /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86363.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: Hélio Grassi FilhoBanca: Leandro Borges Lemos
Banca: Carlos Henrique dos Santos
Resumo: O lodo de esgoto (LE) é um resíduo do tratamento das águas servidas, sejam domésticas, industriais ou agroindustriais, contendo níveis de matéria orgânica, macro e micronutrientes fundamentais para a fertilidade do solo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o comportamento de plantas de café, comparando a utilização de lodo de esgoto, esterco de curral curtido (EC) e adubação mineral, avaliando-se o desenvolvimento das plantas, alterações na fertilidade do solo e o estado nutricional das plantas, bem como o acúmulo de metais pesados que pudessem atingir concentrações fitotóxicas para o solo e às plantas manejadas com as diferentes doses de lodo de esgoto. O experimento foi instalado em vasos de 20 litros preenchidos com LATOSSOLO VERMELHO. Foi utilizado o cultivar de café Tupi, linhagem IAC 1669-33 como planta indicadora. Constituiu de nove tratamentos e oito repetições, totalizando 72 plantas. Foram avaliados a cada dois meses os parâmetros de altura das plantas e diâmetro da copa. Depois de 12 meses foi avaliada a composição química das folhas fisiologicamente maduras, visando determinar N, P, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn e Mo e os metais pesados As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Ni e Se. No mesmo período foram retiradas amostras de solo das parcelas, onde quatro amostras simples foram homogeneizadas, secas ao ar e peneiradas para posteriormente ser retirada uma amostragem composta para se determinar os nutrientes. As médias das características foram avaliadas pelo quadro de análise de variância (ANAVA) e regressão linear múltipla e comparadas pelo Teste de Tukey a um nível de 5% de significância. Os resultados comprovam a eficiência do lodo de esgoto no fornecimento de nutrientes às plantas de café, principalmente, N, P, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn e na redução da acidez ativa e potencial dos solos. A elevação do pH e o aumento dos teores de 2 matéria orgânica... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The sewage sludge is a residue of served water treatment (domestic, industrial or agoindustrial water), with organic material levels and basic macro and micronutrients for the soil fertility. This work had the aim of studying the behavior of coffee plants, comparing the sewage sludge, corral manure and mineral fertilization usage, evaluating the plants development, soil fertility alterations and plants nutritional state, as well the accumulation of heavy metal which could reach biotoxic concentrations for the soil and plants treated with the different doses of sewage sludge. The experiment had been installed in 20 liters vases filled with RED LATOSSOIL. It had been used Tupi Coffee, ancestry IAC 1669-33 as indicator plant. The experiment had been constituted of 9 treatments and 8 replications, totaling 72 plants. The biometrics parameters of plants had been evaluated in each 2 months, as plants height, cop diameter. After 12 months, the chemical compound of physiological mature leaves had been evaluated, aiming to determine N, P, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn Zn, Mo and the heavy metals As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb and Se. In the same period, soil samples had been removed from the plots, in which 4 simple samples had been homogenized, dried in air and sifted, and later, compound samples had been removed to determine the nutrients. The averages of the characteristics had been evaluated by the variation analysis chart (ANAVA) and multiple linear regression and compared by the Tukey Test, with 5% significance level. The results prove the efficiency of sewage sludge to provide nutrients to coffee plants, mainly N, P, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn and reduce the active and potential acidity of soils. The pH elevation and organic material tenors increase provided by the sewage sludge and corral manure treatments conduced a smaller mobility of heavy metals in soils and leaves, 4 not reaching critical levels to the environment or to the coffee plants.
Mestre
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Muraishi, Cid Tacaoca [UNESP]. "Modificações de propriedades químicas e agregação de um latossolo de cerrado sob sistemas de cultivo e adubações orgânica e/ou mineral." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106207.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
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muraishi_ct_dr_ilha.pdf: 356066 bytes, checksum: 56413a8c55c3ff8147cf7a8c8c45afcb (MD5)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar as modificações de propriedades químicas e agregação de um Latossolo Vermelho de Cerrado, sob manejo com adubação orgânica e/ou mineral e com diferentes sistemas de cultivo. O experimento foi realizado na área experimental da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, localizada no município de Selvíria, MS, nos anos agrícolas 2003/04 e 2004/05. Os tratamentos constaram de três sistemas de cultivo do solo (convencional; cultivo mínimo e semeadura direta) e seis adubações (testemunha - sem adubação; adubação mineral-70 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e 80 kg ha-1 de K2O; adubação orgânica - esterco bovino-20 Mg ha-1; u adubação orgânica (esterco bovino)+ u da adubação mineral recomendada; 20 e 30 Mg ha-1 de lodo de esgoto). A agregação do solo foi modificada após 2 anos, sendo que os manejos com semeadura direta e cultivo mínimo apresentaram os melhores resultados, quanto aos adubos mineral e orgânicos, estes se destacaram em relação a testemunha. Para a massa de 100 grãos a utilização de adubos minerais e orgânicos proporcionou melhores resultados em comparação a testemunha, no entanto, para a produtividade foram semelhantes. Para produção de massa seca de sorgo o cultivo convencional foi melhor do que a semeadura direta e, o cultivo mínimo foi semelhante a ambos.
The present work had for objective to study the modifications of chemical properties and of the aggregation of a soil after two years of management with organic manuring and/or mineral under different preparation systems. The experiment was carried out in Selvíria, state of the Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, during the agricultural years of 2003/04 and 2004/05. The treatments were: Conventional-tillage, chisel tillage and no-tillage besides six manurings: control (no manuring), manuring mineral, organic manure, organic+mineral, 20 and 30 Mg ha-1 of sewage sludge. After two years of the application of the fertilizers, organic and/or mineral, an improvement was observed in the chemical properties of the soil in comparison with initial analysis. Regarding the aggregate stability of the soil, organic fertilizers and/or minerals and no-till and the minimum cultivation provided a better aggregation of the soil. To weight of 100 soybean grains there was significant difference try use of organic and mineral fertilization; however it was not observed for the production. To dry matter of sorghum the conventional preparation presented the largest values compared to the no-till and, the minimum preparation was similar the both.
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Junior, Carlos Roberto Sette. "Efeito da aplicação do lodo de esgoto e de fertilização mineral no crescimento e propriedades da madeira de árvores de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex. Maiden." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-03072007-105132/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As plantações sustentáveis e de alta produtividade de espécies de eucalipto podem contribuir para a solução dos desafios ligados a oferta de madeira para os diversos segmentos industriais, bem como os de ordem ambiental e social existentes no Brasil e no mundo. As pesquisas experimentais têm demonstrado que as fertilizações mineral e orgânica (biossólidos) aumentam a taxa de crescimento das árvores de eucalipto sendo, contudo, escassas as informações sobre as propriedades da madeira. A partir de dois experimentos de campo instalados na Estação Experimental de Itatinga-SP, foram realizadas avaliações da dinâmica do crescimento em diâmetro do tronco e das propriedades anatômicas e físicas do lenho de árvores de Eucalyptus grandis. As árvores de eucalipto foram plantadas no espaçamento de 3x2 m e fertilizadas com nitrogênio (plantio, 6, 12, 18 meses) e lodo de esgoto (plantio, 8 meses) no Experimento A e potássio e sódio (plantio, 6, 12 meses) no Experimento B. Nos dois experimentos foram selecionadas, de acordo com as classes de área basal, as árvores de eucalipto com idade de 22 meses e instaladas faixas dendrométricas para o monitoramento do incremento em diâmetro do tronco no período de fevereiro de 2006 a janeiro de 2007. Árvores de eucalipto selecionadas em classes de área basal foram cortadas com a idade de 24 meses e coletadas amostras do lenho em diferentes porcentagens da sua altura total. De cada tratamento, foram analisadas as propriedades anatômicas e físicas da madeira, sendo (i) variação radial das dimensões das fibras, vasos e da densidade aparente do lenho por densitometria de raios X e (ii) variação longitudinal da densidade básica do lenho. Nos dois experimentos detectou-se o efeito da sazonalidade climática no incremento em diâmetro do tronco das árvores, com períodos de máximo (fevereiromaio) e de mínimo (julho-agosto) crescimento. Foram, também, encontradas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos de fertilização e as classes de área basal das árvores para o crescimento e para alguns parâmetros de densidade do lenho e dimensões das fibras e vasos. O modelo de variação da densidade aparente do lenho se caracterizou por valores elevados na região da medula, decrescendo e estabilizando em direção a casca. A densidade básica do lenho decresceu e/ou estabilizou da base até 25% da altura das árvores; aumentou entre 25 e 75% da altura e decresceu até o topo. A variação radial (medula-casca) foi caracterizada pelo aumento da largura, diâmetro do lume e comprimento e a diminuição da espessura da parede celular das fibras e pelo aumento do diâmetro tangencial e da área ocupada e redução da freqüência dos vasos.The sustainable and high productivity plantations of eucalyptus species can contribute to the solution of the challenges regarding the wood for the several industrial sectors, as well as the environmental and social aspects in Brazil and in the world. The researches experimental have been demonstrating that the mineral and organic fertilizations (biosolids) increase the growth rate of the eucalypt trees being, however, scarce the information on the wood properties. From two field experiments installed in the Experimental Station of Itatinga-SP, evaluations were done one the growth dynamics in of trees diameter and the anatomical and physical wood properties of Eucalyptus grandis. The eucalypt trees were planted in the spacing 3x2 m and fertilized with nitrogen (planting, 6, 12, 18 months) and sewage sludge (planting, 8 months) in the Experiment A and potassium and sodium (planting, 6, 12 months) in the Experiment B. In the two experiments were selected, according with the classes of basal area, the eucalypt trees with 22 months old and installed dendrometer bands for the monitoring of the increment in trees diameter from February 2006 to January 2007. Eucalypt trees selected in classes of basal area were cut with 24 months old and wood samples were collected in different % of the total height. The anatomical and physical wood properties were analyzed, being (i) the radial variation of the fibers, vessels and the wood apparent density by of X-ray densitometry and (ii) longitudinal variation of the wood basic density. In the two experiments the effect of the climatic seasonality was detected in increment of the trees diameter, with laugher grow periods (February-May) and lower periods (July- August). Significant differences between the treatments and classes of basal area of the trees for the growth and some parameters of wood density and fibers and vessels were also detected. The model of variation of the wood apparent density was elevated near to pith and decreased/stabilizes in bark direction. The wood basic density decreased and/or it stabilized of the base until 25%; increased up to 75% and decreased up to 100% of the trees height. The radial variation was characterized by the increase of the width, lumen diameter and length and the decrease of the cell wall thickness of the fibers and for the increase of the tangential diameter and the area and reduction of the frequency of the vessels.
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Muraishi, Cid Tacaoca. "Modificações de propriedades químicas e agregação de um latossolo de cerrado sob sistemas de cultivo e adubações orgânica e/ou mineral /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106207.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: Marlene Cristina AlvesBanca: Salatiér Buzetti
Banca: Edson Lazarini
Banca: Cláudio Roberto Marciano
Banca: Marlene Estevão Marchetti
Resumo: O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar as modificações de propriedades químicas e agregação de um Latossolo Vermelho de Cerrado, sob manejo com adubação orgânica e/ou mineral e com diferentes sistemas de cultivo. O experimento foi realizado na área experimental da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, localizada no município de Selvíria, MS, nos anos agrícolas 2003/04 e 2004/05. Os tratamentos constaram de três sistemas de cultivo do solo (convencional; cultivo mínimo e semeadura direta) e seis adubações (testemunha - sem adubação; adubação mineral-70 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e 80 kg ha-1 de K2O; adubação orgânica - esterco bovino-20 Mg ha-1; u adubação orgânica (esterco bovino)+ u da adubação mineral recomendada; 20 e 30 Mg ha-1 de lodo de esgoto). A agregação do solo foi modificada após 2 anos, sendo que os manejos com semeadura direta e cultivo mínimo apresentaram os melhores resultados, quanto aos adubos mineral e orgânicos, estes se destacaram em relação a testemunha. Para a massa de 100 grãos a utilização de adubos minerais e orgânicos proporcionou melhores resultados em comparação a testemunha, no entanto, para a produtividade foram semelhantes. Para produção de massa seca de sorgo o cultivo convencional foi melhor do que a semeadura direta e, o cultivo mínimo foi semelhante a ambos.
Abstract: The present work had for objective to study the modifications of chemical properties and of the aggregation of a soil after two years of management with organic manuring and/or mineral under different preparation systems. The experiment was carried out in Selvíria, state of the Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, during the agricultural years of 2003/04 and 2004/05. The treatments were: Conventional-tillage, chisel tillage and no-tillage besides six manurings: control (no manuring), manuring mineral, organic manure, organic+mineral, 20 and 30 Mg ha-1 of sewage sludge. After two years of the application of the fertilizers, organic and/or mineral, an improvement was observed in the chemical properties of the soil in comparison with initial analysis. Regarding the aggregate stability of the soil, organic fertilizers and/or minerals and no-till and the minimum cultivation provided a better aggregation of the soil. To weight of 100 soybean grains there was significant difference try use of organic and mineral fertilization; however it was not observed for the production. To dry matter of sorghum the conventional preparation presented the largest values compared to the no-till and, the minimum preparation was similar the both.
Doutor
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Adorna, Diego da Luz. "CARBONATAÇÃO ACELERADA EM CONCRETOS COM ADIÇÃO DE CINZAS DE LODO DE ESTAÇÃO DE TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7932.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Carbonation is a natural phenomenon for concrete structures and occurs due to the reaction between CO2, which is concentrated in the environment, and Ca(OH)2, which is present in the cementitious matrix. Carbonation reaction reduces the pH of the concrete and causes the destruction of the passivation layer, which surrounds the steel armor, leaving it vulnerable to the process of corrosion. In this study, was investigated the performance against the carbonation of concrete with the addition of water treatment plant sludge ashes, in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% replacing Portland cement, as well as a reference blend without mineral admixtures. All mixtures were molded with three w/b ratios (0.35; 0.50 and 0.65) and with two periods of wet cure (three and seven days). Concrete specimens underwent preconditioning according to RILEM TC 116-PCD, targeting the moisture balance (75% ± 2%) in an aerial environment with constant temperature (23° C ± 2° C) and uniform moisture distribution. Afterwards, specimens were forwarded to a carbonation chamber, with humidity (75 ± 2%), temperature (23°C ± 2° C) and CO2 concentration (3%) duly regulated. Specimens were tested after 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of CO2 exposure through phenolphthalein spraying, the depths of carbonation is obtained and, therefore, the carbonation coefficients. Results revealed that the incorporation of water treatment plant sludge ashes into concrete leads to increases in its carbonation, in all mixtures investigated. Comparisons with the results for Porosimetry by Mercury Intrusion and Thermogravimetry enable attribute this effect to the microstructural change and decrease of alkalinity of the mixture with addition of sludge ash. Through an analysis of equal resistance, it was found that concrete with addition of sludge ash water treatment are feasible, from the point of view of carbonation's lifespan, only to higher strength levels.A carbonatação é um fenômeno natural às estruturas de concreto, ocorrendo pela reação entre o CO2, concentrado no ambiente, e o Ca(OH)2, presente na matriz cimentícea. A reação de carbonatação provoca a redução do pH do concreto, causando a destruição da camada passivadora, que envolve a armadura de aço, deixando esta vulnerável ao processo de corrosão. Nesta pesquisa, foi investigado o desempenho, frente à carbonatação, de concretos com adição de cinzas de lodo de estação de tratamento de água, nos teores de 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% e 30% em substituição ao cimento Portland, bem como uma mistura de referência, sem adições minerais. Todas as misturas foram moldadas com três relações a/agl (0,35; 0,50 e 0,65) e com dois períodos de cura úmida (três e sete dias). Os corpos-de-prova de concreto foram submetidos à um pré-condicionamento, conforme procedimentos sugeridos pela norma RILEM TC 116-PCD, visando o equilíbrio de umidade (75% ± 2%) em um ambiente aéreo com temperatura constante (23°C ± 2°C) e distribuição uniforme de umidade. Posteriormente os corpos-de-prova foram encaminhados para uma câmara de carbonatação, com umidade (75% ± 2%), temperatura (23°C ± 2°C) e concentração de CO2 (3%) devidamente reguladas. Os corpos-de-prova foram ensaiados após 4, 8, 12 e 16 semanas de exposição ao CO2, por meio de aspersão de fenolftaleína, sendo obtidas as profundidades de carbonatação e, com isso, os coeficientes de carbonatação. Os resultados demonstraram que a incorporação de cinzas de lodo de estação de tratamento de água ao concreto acarreta no aumento da carbonatação nos mesmos, para todas as misturas investigadas. Comparações com resultados de Porosimetria por Intrusão de Mercúrio e Termogravimetria permitiram atribuir este efeito às alterações microestruturais e a diminuição da reserva alcalina das misturas com adição de cinzas de lodo. Através de uma análise em igualdade de resistência, constatou-se que os concretos com adição de cinzas de lodo de estação de tratamento de água são viáveis, do ponto de vista da vida útil frente à carbonatação, apenas para níveis de resistência mecânica mais altos.
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Pires, Isabela Cristina Gomes. "Lodo de esgoto em plantio de Eucalyptus grandis: produção de madeira e viabilidade econômica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64135/tde-19052015-152710/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
O lodo de esgoto (LE) aplicado em solos de florestas plantadas, com base no critério do nitrogênio, pode aumentar a produção de madeira sem causar danos ao ambiente florestal. Entretanto, há necessidade de pesquisas para avaliar o aproveitamento dos nutrientes contidos no LE e para recomendar um manejo adequado em relação a sua aplicação no solo complementada pela fertilização mineral, considerando-se os aspectos de produtividade e econômico. Assim, objetivou-se analisar o efeito das combinações de doses de LE e de fertilizante mineral nitrogenado e fosfatado sobre a produção de biomassa seca e de volume de madeira de Eucalyptus grandis após 95 meses do uso do lodo, e avaliar a viabilidade econômica da recomendação de LE e de sua complementação com adubo mineral nitrogenado e fosfatado para o produtor florestal. O experimento foi instalado em área comercial da Suzano, em Angatuba-SP, aplicando-se doses de lodo (0; 7,7; 15,4 e 23,1 Mg ha-1, base seca), e de fertilizante mineral nitrogenado (0; 46,9; 95,1 e 142 kg ha-1), fosfatado (0; 27,7; 55,9 e 84 kg ha-1, P2O5), e potássico (175 kg ha-1 de K2O para todos os tratamentos, devido ao baixo teor deste nutriente no lodo); em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4x4x4, totalizando 128 parcelas. Para o objetivo específico do presente estudo, efeito das doses de lodo, foram tomadas aleatoriamente combinações de doses de N e P e dentre dessas foram estudadas todas as doses de LE aplicadas, totalizando 52 parcelas. A produção de biomassa seca e de madeira, calculada pela equação de Smalian, foram determinadas a partir de medidas coletadas aos 95 meses após 8 anos do plantio do eucalipto. Os valores de receita e de custos foram levantados no ano de referência de 2013. Para a avaliação da viabilidade econômica, utilizou-se o método do valor presente líquido anualizado (VPLA), considerando-se taxas de juros de 6 e 12% ao ano e que o produtor florestal arcaria com 0 ou 100% do custo do transporte do LE. Houve efeito linear das doses de LE sobre a produção de biomassa seca de lenho, casca, folha e galho e de volume de madeira. O LE na dose de 23,1 Mg ha-1 de LE, equivalente a 150% da dose de LE recomendada pelo critério do nitrogênio, propiciou a maior produção de matéria seca total, 187 Mg ha-1, e de tronco, 173 Mg ha-1 e de volume, 529 m3 ha-1, com incremento médio anual de 66 m3 ha-1 ano-1. Ao considerar o critério para a aplicação de LE, com base em N, e que o produtor florestal arcou com todo o custo de transporte deste resíduo, observou-se que o tratamento com maior retorno econômico foi o que utilizou a dose de 15, 4 Mg ha-1 de LE e 84 kg ha-1 P2O5 a taxas de juros de 6% a.a.; e aquele que aplicou 7,7 Mg ha-1 de LE e 28 kg ha-1 P2O5 a taxas de juros de 12% a.a. Quando o produtor florestal foi isento do custo de transporte do LE, o tratamento mais viável economicamente foi o que usou doses de 15,4 Mg ha-1 de LE e 84 kg ha-1 P2O5 para taxas de juros de 6 e 12% a.a.The sewage sludge (SS) applied in planted forest soils, based on the nitrogen criterion, may increase the production of wood without causing damage to the forest environment. However, there is a need for research to evaluate the use of nutrients contained in the SS and to recommend appropriate management regarding for its application on soil using mineral fertilizer supplements by aspects of productivity and economic. The objective were to analyze the effect of combinations of sewage sludge doses and nitrogen and phosphate mineral fertilizer on the production on dry matter content and wood production of Eucalyptus grandis at 95 months after planting, and to evaluate the economic viability of SS recommendation and its complementation with nitrogen and phosphate mineral fertilizer for the forest producer. The experiment was installed in a commercial area of Suzano, in Angatuba-SP, sludge doses are applying (0, 7.7, 15.4 and 23.1 Mg ha-1, dry base), and nitrogen mineral fertilizer (0; 46.9; 95.1 and 142 kg ha-1), phosphate (0, 27.7, 55.9 and 84 kg -1 P2O5), and potassium (175 kg ha-1 K2O for all treatments, due to the low content of this nutrient in SS); in a randomized block design in a factorial 4x4x4. For the specific purpose of this study, combinations were taken in doses of N and P and among all these SS doses were studied. The production of dry matter and wood, calculated by equation Smalian were determined from measurements collected at 95 months post-planting eucalyptus. The revenue and cost values were raised in the reference year 2013. For the evaluation of the economic viability, we used the method of annualized net present value (ANPV), considering 6 and 12% per year discount rates and that the forest producer would bear 0 or 100% of the cost of transport of sewage sludge. There was a linear effect of SS doses on the production of dry biomass of wood, bark, leaf and branches and wood volume. The dose of 23.1 Mg ha-1 SS, equivalent to 150% of SS dose recommended by the criterion nitrogen, provided the highest total dry matter, 187 Mg ha-1, and wood+bark of 173 Mg ha-1 and stem volume of 529 m3 ha-1, with average annual increment of 66 m3 ha-1 yr -1. When considering the criterion to the application of SS, based on N, and the forestry producer has borne all the shipping cost of this waste, it was observed that the highest economic return treatment was that using a dose of 15.4 Mg ha- 1 SS and 84 kg ha-1 P2O5 to 6% per year discount rate; and one that applied 7.7 Mg ha-1 SS and 28 kg ha-1 P2O5 to the interest discount rate to 12% per year rate. When the forest producer was exempted to pay the SS shipping cost, the most economically viable treatment was what used 15.4 Mg ha-1 doses of SS and 84 kg ha-1 P2O5 to 6 and 12% per year discount rates
Книги з теми "Mineral sludge"
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Municipal sludge use in land reclamation. Boca Raton, Fla: Lewis Publishers, 1993.
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Robertson, Kevin. Characterization of nickel hydroxide sludge using the variable pressure SEM. Montréal, Qué: Dept.of Mining, Metals and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 2004.
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Jambor, J. L. Mineralogical study of sludge precipitates derived by lime neutralization of acidic mine effluents. [Ottawa, Ont.]: Environmental Laboratory, 1991.
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Loomis, David E. Synergistic biosolid management: Management and leadership project. [Carson City, Nev.]: Bureau of Land Management, Carson City District Office, 1993.
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Yapaskurt, Oleg, and Evgeniya Karpova. Stadial analysis of lithogenesis. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21034.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The tutorial deals with modern methods stadial analysis which allows you to retroactively recreate the stages of the successive changes in the substance of sludge as its transformation into the breed and during the stay of the breed in stratisphere. Seems some of the techniques of deciphering and mineral structural and textural transformations, corresponding to different stages of lithogenesis and early metamorphism using optical and electron microscopy, as well as methods of synthesis of such observations on genetic (lithofacies and formational) basis, theoretical understanding of the mechanisms of multivariate processes of sedimentary rock formation, the problems of their classification and relationships with Genesis.
Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation.
For students of geological specialties, undergraduates, graduate students and research generalists.
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Walsh, Daniel E. Elutriator design manual for coarse heavy mineral recovery from sluice box concentrate. Fairbanks, Alaska: Mineral Industry Research Laboratory, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 1991.
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Barber, Bill. Sludge Thermal Hydrolysis: Application and Potential. IWA Publishing, 2020.
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Barber, Bill. Sludge Thermal Hydrolysis: Application and Potential. IWA Publishing, 2020.
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Mąkinia, Jacek, and Ewa Zaborowska. Mathematical Modelling and Computer Simulation of Activated Sludge Systems. IWA Publishing, 2020.
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Mąkinia, Jacek, and Ewa Zaborowska. Mathematical Modelling and Computer Simulation of Activated Sludge Systems. IWA Publishing, 2020.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Mineral sludge"
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Cabrita, M. J., E. Vasconcelos, and F. Cabral. "The effects of pulp-mill sludge on leaching of mineral nitrogen." In Fertilizers and Environment, 471–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1586-2_81.
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Imai, T. "Calcination Technology for Manufacturing Mineral Fertilizer Using CaO-Enriched Sewage Sludge Ash." In Phosphorus Recovery and Recycling, 179–87. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8031-9_11.
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Anaya, C., J. Forgas, M. Agut, and M. A. Calvo. "Study of Microfungal Species in a Calcareous Soil Treated with Sewage Sludge." In Effect of Mineral-Organic-Microorganism Interactions on Soil and Freshwater Environments, 323–27. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4683-2_35.
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Yang, Zhenzhou, and Zuotai Zhang. "Integrated Utilization of Sewage Sludge for the Cement Clinker Production." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 95–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52192-3_10.
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Rangel, H. C., G. C. G. Delaqua, J. A. T. Linhares, A. R. G. de Azevedo, S. N. Monteiro, M. P. Babisk, and C. M. F. Vieira. "Feasibility Study of Incorporation of Dyeing Sludge in Red Ceramics." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 1245–51. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22524-6_119.
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Zhu, Xing, Xianjin Qi, Hua Wang, Yifeng Shi, Tianpeng Liao, Yuancheng Li, Chunxia Liu, and Xiaowu Wang. "Characterization of High-arsenic Sludge in Copper Metallurgy Plant." In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2014, 173–84. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118888056.ch21.
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Zhang, Jianxin, and Zhihong Liu. "Treatment of Arsenic Sulfide Sludge for Arsenic Stabilization and Copper Extraction." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 1555–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95022-8_128.
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Wallin, M., K. E. Ekstrøm, and G. Tranell. "Production of Ferromanganese Alloys from Silicomanganese Sludge and an Iron Source." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 939–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95022-8_75.
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Alvarenga, Rita de Cássia S. S., Henrique de Paula Santos, Beatryz C. Mendes, Maurício Paulo F. Fontes, Eduardo Antônio G. Marques, and Kléos M. L. Cesar. "Chemical Analysis of Sludge Originating from Industrial Painting Performed in Brazil." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 291–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52192-3_29.
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Zhu, Shu-Jing, Ying Qin, and Jiann-Yang Hwang. "Solidification of Dredged Sludge by Hydraulic Ash-Slag Cementitious Materials." In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2016, 255–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48210-1_31.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Mineral sludge"
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Lumetta, Gregg J., Brian M. Rapko, and Herman M. Cho. "Studies of the Fundamental Chemistry of Hanford Tank Sludges." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4633.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The U.S. Department of Energy has embarked on an effort to retrieve, immobilize, and dispose of the 2.1 × 105 m3 of radioactive tank wastes that were generated during weapons production and other operations at the Hanford Site in Washington State. One of the major challenges associated with this effort is the processing of the 4.2 × 104 m3 of high-level waste sludges. These sludges consist of a complex mixture of amorphous and crystalline mineral phases. The current plan for processing the sludge solids consists of leaching with aqueous NaOH, washing out the NaOH and dissolved components, then vitrifying the solids in borosilicate glass. The purpose of the NaOH leaching step is to remove components such as Al, Cr, and P that can lead to the production of an unacceptable quantity of high-level waste glass. In this paper, we will discuss the chemistry underlying the leaching and washing processes, focusing on the specific mineral phases present in the sludge solids and how these phases respond to the leaching process. The chemical phases present in the Hanford tank sludge solids have been identified through microscopy coupled with electron diffraction and through powder X-ray diffraction. We have also recently been applying nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to characterize chemical species in tank sludge solids. Numerous chemical species have been identified including the aluminum oxy/hydroxides gibbsite and boehmite, aluminosilicates, iron oxy/hydroxides, and mixed Cr/Fe oxyhydroxides. Identification of these phases has led to a more fundamental understanding of the behavior of the various sludge components during leaching; in turn, this understanding will allow for improved process flow sheets. For example, we have shown that certain tank sludges are high in boehmite, Υ-AIOOH. This mineral phase is much more refractory than other AI phases such as gibbsite. Thus, more severe leaching conditions (e.g., increased temperature, NaOH concentration, and leaching duration) are required to remove AI from wastes high in boehmite.
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KEMESIUS, Martynas, Gerda SILINGIENE, Regina VASINAUSKIENE, and Remigijus ZALKAUSKAS. "THE INFLUENCE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE ON NORWAY SPRUCE (PICEA ABIES (L.) H. KARST.) SEEDLINGS GROWTH." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.079.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The usage of biodegradable waste as sewage sludge in a proper way for tree nurseries enable to seek for ecological, waste-less, alternative to mineral fertilization farming ways. The aim of this research is to investigate impact of sewage sludge fertilizers on Norway spruce (Picea abies) two years’ seedlings growth. Research has been done in 2013-2014 at Utena State Forest Enterprise nursery. The different fertilization rates (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 t/ha) of sewage sludge were investigated and compared with control – traditional fertilization with mineral fertilizers. The impact of sewage sludge was evaluated by seedlings biometric indicators, also dry mass of sample seedlings (medium seedlings by height and diameter). The bigger rates of sewage sludge showed almost better results in exception of seeds outlet. Sewage sludge has long lasting effect on seedlings growth and could successfully shift soil fertilization by mineral fertilizers. The obtained research results confirm the similar research carried out in 2011 in Rokiskis State Forest Enterprise nursery for first year Norway Spruce seedlings.
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Fitriani, Dini, Kartika Hajar Kirana, Eleonora Agustine, Mia Uswatun Hasanah, and dan Anggie Susilawati. "Magnetic susceptibility, morphological and magnetic mineral composition analysis on leachate sludge." In The 13th SEGJ International Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, 12-14 November 2018. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Society of Exploration Geophysicists of Japan, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segj2018-116.1.
Повний текст джерела
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Kyoichi, Okamoto, Toyama Takeshi, and Komoriya Tomoe. "Development on Most Suitable Removal Method of Radioactive Cesium Adsorbed on Ocean Sludge by Using Fine Bubble and Activating Microorganisms." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62581.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Fukushima nuclear accident of March 11, 2011, soil and water had been contaminated by radioactive cesium. Moreover, radioactive cesium was found in the ocean sludge in Tokyo Bay flowing from rivers. Cesium which is adsorbed to the sludge cannot be easily removed. One of the authors developed decomposition and purification system, a circulation-type system by fine bubbles, that is, by creating aerobic state, aerobic bacteria are activated resulting to decomposition and purification of ocean sludge. Based on the hypothesis that radioactive cesium is adsorbed on the surface of the sludge deposition. It is considered that cesium can be eluted after decomposing the deposited sludge. Once the cesium is eluted in the water, it can fix to a mineral such as zeolite. Eluting and fixing cesium adsorbed on sludge takes so much time. In this case, the concept of removing the left sludge by flocculation method and then followed by coagulating sedimentation method is studied. In this study, our objects are to show the effectivity and efficiency of using flocculation and coagulating sedimentation in removing radioactive cesium. As the results, we pointed out this method is very good.
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Storm, Christian, Helmut Rüdiger, Hartmut Spliethoff, and Klaus R. G. Hein. "Co-Pyrolysis of Coal/Biomass and Coal/Sewage Sludge Mixtures." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Biomass and sewage sludge are attracting increasing interest in power plant technology as a source of carbon dioxide-neutral fuels. A new way to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels could be the co-combustion or co-gasification of coal and biomass or coal and sewage sludge. In both cases, pyrolysis is the first step in the technical process. In order to obtain detailed information about the pyrolysis of coal/biomass and coal/sewage sludge mixtures as well as unblended fuels, the ‘Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Dampfkesselwesen (IVD)’ at the University of Stuttgart has carried out investigations using an electrically heated entrained flow reactor. One application of substitution of fossil fuels could be the utilization of pyrolysis gas or gas generated in a gasification process as a reburn fuel in conventional boilers fired with fossil fuels. Investigation showed that generated gas from coal, biomass and sewage sludge pyrolysis and gasification have high NOx reduction efficiencies compared to methane or low calorific gases using it as a reburn fuel in coal fired boilers. In order to take advantage of this pretreatment process the release of organic as well as of mineral compounds during the pyrolysis or gasification has to be investigated. For coal pyrolysis and gasification the reactions are known since there was a lot of research all over the world. Biomass or sewage sludge have other structures compared to fossil fuels and contain alkali, chlorine and other problematic compounds, like heavy metals. The release of those elements and of the organic matter has to be investigated to characterize the gas and the residual char. The optimum process parameters regarding the composition of the generated gas and the residual char have to be found out. The IVD has studied the co-pyrolysis of biomass and sewage sludge together with a high volatile hard coal. The main parameters to be investigated were the temperature of the pyrolysis reactor (400°C–1200°C) and the coal/biomass and coal/sewage sludge blends. Besides co-pyrolysis experiments test runs with unmixed main fuels were carried out with the hard coal, straw as biomass, and a sewage sludge. It was expected that the high reactivity of biomass and sewage sludge would have an effect on the product composition during co-pyrolysis. The test runs provided information about fuel conversion efficiency, pyrolysis gas and tar yield, and composition of pyrolysis gas and tar. Besides gas and tar analysis investigations regarding the path of trace elements, like heavy metals, alkali, chlorine and nitrogen components, during the pyrolysis process varying different parameters have been carried out. The fuel nitrogen distribution between pyrolysis gas, tar and char has been analyzed as well as the ash composition and thus the release of mineral components during pyrolysis. Increasing reaction temperatures result in a higher devolatilization for all fuels. Biomass shows a devolatilization of up to 80% at high temperatures. Hard coal shows a weight toss of approx. 50% at same temperatures. Sewage sludge devolatilizes also up to 50%, which is nearly a total release of organic matter, because of the high ash content of about 50% in sewage sludge. Gaseous hydrocarbons have a production maximum at about 800°C reaction temperature for all feedstocks. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen are increasingly formed at high pyrolysis temperatures due to gasification reactions. Mineral elements are released during straw pyrolysis, but within the hot gas filtration unit further recombination reactions and condensation of elements on panicles take place. There is no release of mineral elements during sewage sludge pyrolysis and only a slight release of heavy metals at high pyrolysis temperatures. The effect of co-pyrolysis depends on the feedstocks used in association with the panicle size. The co-pyrolysis test runs showed that a synergetic effect exists when using sewage sludge and hard coal. There is a higher char production related to the unmixed fuels; gas and tar formation are lowered. Co-pyrolysis test runs with biomass and coal did not show this effect on the pyrolysis products. Reasons for this behaviour could be a difference in particle size and material structure which influences the devolatilization velocity of the fuels used or the relatively short residence time in the entrained flow reactor. It seems possible that coal pyrolysis is influenced by the reaction atmosphere, generated in co-pyrolysis. In the co-pyrolysis of coal and sewage sludge, the sludge degases much faster than coal because of the structure of sewage sludge and its small panicle. The coal pyrolysis taking place afterwards in the reaction tube occurs in a different atmosphere, compared to the mono-pyrolysis experiments. The devolatilization of coal in the co-pyrolysis experiments together with straw was not disturbed by the gaseous products of straw pyrolysis, because the large straw particles showed a delayed degasing compared to the coal particles.
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Reddy, Mallikarjuna, and B. Sharada. "Study on the performance of concrete with hypo sludge and fly ash as mineral admixture." In SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES (NIBS 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0059180.
Повний текст джерела
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Sottnik, Peter, Tomas Farago, Ondrej Brachtyr, and Jaroslav Vozar. "ABANDONED LOCATIONS AFTER MINERAL EXPLORATION - ENVIRONMENTAL BURDEN OR PERSPECTIVE SOURCES OF RAW MATERIALS?" In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mining wastes represent a specific type of waste and, like sites after mining, represent sites where a comprehensive assessment of pollution at these sites needs to be approached, taking into account various specific conditions. Subsequently, the design of the remediation technologies used at a specific location must also be adapted to this fact. Until now, mining waste facilities (heaps and sludge ponds) have been treated as environmental burdens. However, it should be borne in mind that abandoned extractive waste facilities may be a significant source of minerals in the future, due to improved treatment technologies and combined with new requirements in the raw materials market (requirements for new useful components that have not been mined in the past). Many extractive waste facilities also contain elements that are currently listed as critical raw materials for the European Union. Within the project APVV-17-0317 "Antimony - a critical element and a dangerous contaminant affecting biodiversity in mining sites" a preliminary survey and research was carried out at selected sites in order to determine the potential of deposited materials as secondary sources of minerals. Samples of flotation sludge used in our research were taken at the localities of Dubrava, Medzibrod and Cucma from tailing ponds after the extraction of antimony, which is one of the critical raw materials for the EU.
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"The Effects of Sewage Sludge from Different Regions and Seasons on Plant Growth and Mineral Composition." In May 3-4,2018 Antalya (Turkey). Universal Researchers in Science and Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/urst1.u0518213.
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Tastanova, A., G. Abdykirova, S. Temirova, and A. Biryukova. "Processing and production of pellets from poor-grade manganese-containing raw materials." In Challenges of Science. Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Satbayev University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2021.05.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
there is a review of current researches in the processing of poor-grade manganese raw materials. The variety of manganese minerals caused by the valent state of metal in compounds is demonstrated. Different processing methods for manganese-containing mineral and technogenic raw materials are considered. The process of extraction of manganese from ferruginous manganese ore using reduction roasting and magnetic separation, beneficiation technology of poor-grade manganese ore to improve the ratio of Mn/Fe; processes of beneficiation and sintering of fine ferruginous manganese ore with low manganese content; production of agglomerate from the concentrate of manganese poor-grade ore to produce ferrosilicon manganese are described. Results of the authors researches intended to obtain concentrate from manganese-containing sludge and to produce hardened pellets suitable for melting into ferromanganese on its basis using a new component of the binder are presented.
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Wesołowska, S., S. Baran, G. Żukowska, M. Myszura, M. Bik-Małodzińska, A. Pawłowski, and M. Pawłowska. "An influence of municipal sewage sludge and mineral wool application on sorption properties of coarse-grained soil." In The Fifth National Congress of Environmental Engineering. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315281971-24.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Mineral sludge"
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Avnimelech, Yoram, Richard C. Stehouwer, and Jon Chorover. Use of Composted Waste Materials for Enhanced Ca Migration and Exchange in Sodic Soils and Acidic Minespoils. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575291.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Restoration of degraded lands and the development of beneficial uses for waste products are important challenges facing our society. In addition there is a need to find useful and environmentally friendly applications for the organic fractions of municipal and other solid waste. Recent studies have shown that composted wastes combined with gypsum or gypsum-containing flue gas desulfurization by-products enhance restoration of sodic soils and acidic minespoils. The mechanism by which this synergistic effect occurs in systems at opposite pH extremes appears to involve enhanced Ca migration and exchange. Our original research objectives were to (1) identify and quantify the active compost components involved in Ca transport, (2) determine the relative affinity of the compost components for Ca and competing metals in the two soil/spoil systems, (3) determine the efficacy of the compost components in Ca transport to subjacent soil and subsequent exchange with native soil cations, and (4) assess the impacts of compost enhanced Ca transport on soil properties and plant growth. Acidic mine spoils: During the course of the project the focus for objective (1) and (2) shifted more towards developing and evaluating methods to appropriately quantify Ca2+ and Al3+ binding to compost derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). It could be shown that calcium complexation by sewage sludge compost derived DOM did not significantly change during the composting process. A method for studying Al3+ binding to DOM was successfully developed and should allow future insight into DOM-Al3+ interactions in general. Laboratory column experiments as well as greenhouse experiments showed that in very acidic mine spoil material mineral dissolution controls solution Al3+ concentration as opposed to exchange with Ca2+. Therefore compost appeared to have no effect on Al3+ and Ca2+ mobility and did not affect subsoil acidity. Sodic alkaline soils: Batch experiments with Na+ saturated cation exchange resins as a model for sodic soils showed that compost home cations exchanged readily with Na+. Unlike filtered compost extracts, unfiltered compost suspensions also significantly increased Ca2+ release from CaCO3. Soil lysimeter experiments demonstrated a clear impact of compost on structural improvement in sodic alkaline soils. Young compost had faster, clearer and longer lasting effects on soil physical and chemical properties than mature compost. Even after 2 growing seasons differences could still be observed. Compost increased Ca2+ concentration in soil solution and solubility of pedogenic CaCO3 that is highly insoluble under alkaline conditions. The solubilized Ca2+ efficiently exchanged Na+ in the compost treated soils and thus greatly improved the soil structure.