Дисертації з теми "Migrations russes"
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1
Bondar, Nikolay. "Les enjeux géopolitiques de la diaspora : les communautés russes dans un nouveau contexte géopolitique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080029.
Анотація:
La thèse vise à étudier et analyser les principaux éléments et facteurs qui exercent une influence sur les processus géopolitiques dans la diaspora russe. Le développement de cet organisme, aujourd'hui bipolaire, est déterminé par les acteurs aux échelles locales et globales, ainsi que par leur ensemble d'outils d'influence. En fait, les grands acteurs géopolitiques possèdent des intérêts importants dans les communautés russes, surtout dans le contexte géopolitique de la nouvelle guerre froide. Les communautés russes sont influencées par tous ces facteurs qui constituent sa structure bicéphale. Force est de constater que la collaboration intradiasporique paraît d’autant plus complexe que les deux parties ainsi que les puissances étatiques derrière elles entretiennent des conceptions et génèrent les représentations concernant la forme d'existence future de cette communauté. La gestion des flux migratoires importants, notamment vers l’Europe et les États-Unis attire l'attention des acteurs géopolitiques qui investissent massivement dans le développement du soft power. Mais cette intention géopolitique en même temps provoque la division de la diaspora еn plusieurs camps, doté chacun d'une sensibilité politique propre, donnant lieu à unе structurе très cоmplеxе еt hétérоclite dеs cоmmunаutés russеs. Notons qu'entre 1991 (le début de la dernière vague d'immigration russe) et 2019, à la suite de l'intensification de l'influence du soft power, a eu lieu la division entre les parties, l'apparition de nouveaux acteurs et les changements dans la structure de la diaspora. La thèse vise à étudier le mécanisme de segmentation, voire de division d’une communauté en des entités différentes, souvent antagoniques les unes aux autres, provoqué par le soft power. L'étude géopolitique de ce groupe permettra de découvrir son influence sur la géopolitique interne et externe au sein des villes qui ont une grande importance économique et politique pour la France et les États-UnisThe aim of this thesis is to study and analyze the main elements and factors that influence the geopolitical processes in the Russian diaspora. The development of this bipolar organism today is determined by local and global actors, as well as by their set of influence tools. In fact, major geopolitical players have important interests in Russian communities, especially in the geopolitical context of the new cold war. Russian communities are influenced by all these factors that constitute its bicepheral structure. It must be noted that intradiasporic collaboration appear all the more complex since both parties and the State powers behind them maintain conceptions and generate representations concerning the future form of existence of this community. The management of important migratory flows, particularly to Europe and the United States, attracts the attention of geopolitical actors who invest heavily in the development of soft power. But this geopolitical intention at the same time causes the division of the diaspora into several camps, each with its own political sensitivity, giving rise to a very cоmplеxе and heterogeneous structure of the Russian communities. It should be mentioned that between 1991 (the beginning of the last wave of Russian immigration) and 2019, following the intensification of the influence of soft power, took place the division between the two parties, the emergence of new actors and structural changes in the diaspora. This thesis studies the mechanism of segmentation or even division of a community into different entities, often antagonistic to each other, caused by soft power. The geopolitical study of this group will reveal its influence on internal and external geopolitics within cities that have great economic and political importance for France and the United States
2
Martin, Constance Joyce. "Migrations et mutations : l'intégration de minorités culturelles et religieuses en Amérique du Nord au XXe siècle, le cas de trois minorités russes : les doukhobors, les molokans et les vieux-croyants." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040277.
3
Messina, Claire. "My address is the Soviet Union : Russian migration, nationalization and identity in the Russian, Soviet and post-soviet space." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0003.
Анотація:
Cette thèse se propose d'éclairer les liens existant entre les mouvements migratoires des populations russes des républiques soviétiques et post-soviétiques et le processus de nationalisation dans ces républiques. On s'interroge tout particulièrement sur les raisons de l'inversion de tendance des mouvements migratoires russes, centrifuges au milieu du XVIe siècle jusqu'au milieu de la décennie 1970-1970, centripètes ensuite. Selon l'auteur, cette inversion s'explique par le fait que le processus de nationalisation des républiques, commencé dès le XIXe siècle, atteint un point de rupture dans le dernier tiers du XXe siècle. La réflexion sur l'identité des migrants russes développe l'idée que ces derniers n'ont pas une identité ethnique, russe, mais une identité supra-ethnique, soviétique, qui fait d'eux les prototypes de l'homme soviétique.
4
Unsal, Duygu. "Migration Trends And Policies In Post-soviet Russia." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610056/index.pdf.
Анотація:
This thesis seeks to examine the internal and external migration trends in the Russian Federation. The thesis also examines the internal migration trends in the Soviet Union as well as Soviet emigration and migration policies. The thesis focuses mainly on the migration policy of the Russian Federation. The main argument of the thesis is that although ethnic dynamics, armed conflicts and nationalist clashes play important roles in Russia&rsquos migration trends, the main force of Russia&rsquo
s internal and external migration trends are economic. The thesis has four main chapters. After the introduction the first chapter examines migration in the Soviet Union. The second chapter explores migration policy of Russia. The third chapter deals with internal migration in the Russian Federation. The last main chapter discusses external migration in the Russian Federation.
5
Ricaut, Francois-Xavier. "ADN ancien et populations du passé : le cas de l'Altaï et de la Sibérie orientale." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0068.
Анотація:
L'identification génétique (région HV1 de l'ADNmt et STR des autosomes et du chromosome Y) de restes humains anciens appartenant aux populations Scythe du sud de la Sibérie (2500 ans BP), Yakout de Sibérie centrale (500-300 ans BP) et néolithique de l'extrême nord-est Sibérien (6000 ans BP) a été réalisé avec succès. Les résultats confirment l'hypothèse (i) d'un (re)peuplement de la Sibérie à partir de deux zones distinctes correspondant aux deux zones de refuge glaciaire en place il y a 10000 ans, et (ii) d'une poussée des populations mongoloïdes de l'est vers l'ouest de la Sibérie, décelable dès le 1er millénaire BC. La forte hétérogénéité génétique des populations Scytho-Sibérienne et Yakout, la présence caucasoïde en Altaï plusieurs siècles avant le développement de la route de la soie et la complexité des modes de recrutement funéraire Yakout a été mis en évidence, ainsi que leur ethnogénèse à partir des populations d'Asie centraleMolecular analysis (region HV1 of mtDNA and Y and autosomal STR) of ancient human remains belonging to the Scytho-Siberian of south Siberia (2500 years BP), Yakut of central Siberia (500-300 years BP) and north-eastern Neolithic (3600 BP) populations have been successful accomplish. Results are in agreement with the hypothesis (i) of a Siberia peopling from two distinct glacial refuge regions corresponding to north-eastern Siberia and southern Siberia and (ii) mongoloid population movement westward from the 1st millenary BC. We also underlined the strong genetic heterogeneity of Scytho-Siberian and Yakut populations, the Caucasoid presence in Altai several centuries before the silk road development, and that commercial exchange with neighbouring population (notably Chinese) were coupled with genetic exchange. Moreover, our genetic results suggested the Yakut funeral practice diversity and confirmed the hypothesis of their ethnogenesis from central Asian populations
6
Sawatzky, Robert J. "A comparison of the Mennonite and Doukhobor emigrations from Russia to Canada, 1870-1920." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0009/MQ36523.pdf.
7
Jochims, Isabel. "Flüchtlinge russischer Nationalität in der Tschechoslowakei zwischen den Weltkriegen : ein Beitrag zur Migrations- und Eingliederungsforschung /." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018995273&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
8
Jochims, Isabel. "Flüchtlinge russischer Nationalität in der Tschechoslowakei zwischen den Weltkriegen ein Beitrag zur Migrations- und Eingliederungsforschung." Aachen Shaker, 2002. http://d-nb.info/994358377/04.
9
Paulsen, Frederik Dag Arfst. "Migrations et devenir démographique en Sibérie : une approche à partir de cas régionaux." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH197.
Анотація:
La démographie de l’espace sibérien constitue le cadre général de cette étude. L’analyse se concentre sur les processus migratoires et sur le rôle qu’ils jouent dans le peuplement et le dépeuplement de l’Est de la Russie. Si les statistiques officielles nous permettent de saisir à diverses échelles géographiques les tendances principales, plusieurs enquêtes de terrain, qualitatives et quantitatives sont au cœur de ce travail, menées dans deux régions de l’Est russe : le kraï de Krasnoïarsk et l’oblast de l’Amour, auprès de la population générale et d’un échantillon de migrants présents dans les deux régions d’étude et originaires d’Ukraine, d’Arménie, d’Azerbaïdjan, Kirghizistan, Ouzbékistan, Tadjikistan et Chine.Après avoir précisé les flux migratoires intrarégionaux, le processus d’exode rural, le déclin des villes secondaires et la forte attractivité des capitales régionales, l’étude portant sur l’échantillon de migrants met l’accent sur la distinction entre les temporaires et permanents, en tenant toutefois compte de l’impossibilité d’appliquer strictement un classement binaire à un phénomène complexe et fluide. Nous identifions différentes stratégies migratoires, indépendantes des statuts légaux accordés aux migrants en Russie. En tenant compte des intentions exprimées par les répondants, on est par ailleurs en mesure d’estimer le degré de conversion des temporaires en permanents, le pourcentage des étrangers ayant l’intention de s’installer à long terme en Russie et, en définitive, l’apport de l’immigration à la population des deux régions.A l’issue de cette recherche les projections démographiques permettent de réfléchir aux conséquences démographiques de différents contextes économiques et sociopolitiques de la Russie. La démarche fait ressortir une fois encore l’importance du facteur migratoire pour le devenir démographique de la Russie, ainsi que la nécessité d’un nouveau développement de l’attractivité des régions périphériques et de la Sibérie en général.Nous développons en conclusion une réflexion sur les conditions permettant un apport positif de la migration à l’économie et à la démographie sibérienne : favoriser la mobilité temporaire et à courte distance pour freiner la migration permanente de l’Est vers l’Ouest, améliorer le potentiel d’attraction des régions sibériennes en menant un réel processus de décentralisation politique et économique. Un tel processus n’est pas d’actualité, mais pourrait prendre place à moyen ou long termeThe demographics of the Siberian area are the general framework of this study. The analysis focuses on migratory processes and the role they play in the population and depopulation of eastern Russia. Although the official statistics enable us to grasp the main trends on various geographical scales, several qualitative and quantitative field surveys are at the heart of this work, led in two regions of eastern Russia: Krasnoyarsk Krai and Amur Oblast, with the general population and a sample of migrants present in both study regions who were originally from Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China.After having described the intra-regional migratory flows, the rural exodus process, the decline of secondary cities and the strong appeal of the regional capitals, the study based on the sample of migrants places a strong emphasis on the difference between temporary and permanent migrants, yet takes into account the impossibility of strictly applying a binary classification to a complex and fluid phenomenon. We identify various migratory strategies that are independent from the legal statuses granted to migrants in Russia. Taking into account the intentions expressed by the respondents, we are able to estimate to what extent temporary migrants are converted to permanent migrants, the percentage of foreigners who intend to stay in Russia long term and give a definitive picture of immigration's contribution to the population of the two regions.At the end of this research, the demographic projections enable us to discuss the demographic consequences of various economic and socio-political contexts in Russia. The approach once again brings out the importance of the migratory factor to Russia's demographic future, as well as the need to newly develop the appeal of peripheral regions and Siberia in general.In conclusion, we discuss the conditions enabling the positive contribution of migration to the Siberian economy and demography: promoting temporary and short-distance mobility to slow down permanent migration from east to west and improving the potential for Siberian regions to attract migrants by leading a concrete political and economic decentralisation process. These processes are not yet in place, but could be implemented in the medium or long term
10
Vapné, Lisa. "Les remplaçants : migration juive de l'ex-Union soviétique en Allemagne, 1990-2010." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0018.
Анотація:
Cette thèse étudie la politique migratoire vis-à-vis d’un groupe ethnicisé accueilli en raison de son identité putative, tout comme analyse la relation à une identité assignée de ces migrants. Dans une première partie, la recherche porte sur la construction par l’Allemagne entre 1990 et 2010 d’une politique d’accueil destinée à des personnes identifiées comme juives par leurs papiers d’identité et résidant sur le territoire de l’ex-Union soviétique, dans le but de renforcer démographiquement la Communauté juive allemande : dans ce cadre, en vingt ans, plus de 200 000 personnes catégorisées comme « réfugiés du contingent » puis comme « migrants juifs » ont immigré en Allemagne. Nous y montrons qu’il est attendu de ces migrants qu’ils remplacent symboliquement les Juifs d’Allemagne émigrés avant 1933 ou exterminés sous le IIIe Reich. Mais, en raison de l’inadéquation entre les Juifs espérés et les migrants juifs postsoviétiques, déjudaisés et rencontrant des problèmes d’intégration professionnelle en Allemagne, l’accueil de ces migrants va progressivement se restreindre. À travers la mise en doute de l’authenticité de leurs papiers d’identité, la véracité de leur identité juive va être questionnée. Dans une seconde partie, s’appuyant sur des entretiens biographiques, ce travail analyse la mise en récit de l’identification comme Juif de ces migrants, avant l’immigration, pendant le processus migratoire et après l’immigration, interrogeant le passage d’une identification comme Juif stigmatisante à une identification valorisante puisque clef d’entrée pour l’immigration en AllemagneThis dissertation examines immigration policy as applied to a group defined by ethnicity and admitted on the basis of this putative identity; it concomitantly offers an analysis of the migrants' relationship to an assigned identity. The first section concerns the period 1990 to 2010, when, seeking to strengthen its Jewish Community demographically, Germany elaborated a state policy to host applicants living in countries of the former Soviet Union whose identity documents categorized them as Jewish. In twenty years, more than 200,000 people, classified initially as "quota refugees" and thereafter as "Jewish migrants," immigrated to Germany. As we demonstrate, it was expected that these migrants would symbolically replace the German Jews who had emigrated before 1933 and those exterminated by the Third Reich. However, because of the discrepancy between the Jews as anticipated and the Jewish FSU migrants - de-Judaized and faced with problems in professional integration in Germany - their admission would be increasingly restricted. Casting doubt on the authenticity of their identity papers undermined the veracity of their Jewish identity. In a second part, based on biographical interviews, this work discusses the formulation of the narrative of the migrants' identification as Jewish before, during, and after immigration, interrogating the change from Jewish identity as stigmatizing to Jewish identity as validating insofar as it was the key to immigration in Germany
11
Koksharova, Ekaterina. "Migration et recomposition des identités : le cas des personnes homosexuelles et bisexuelles russes confrontées à la discrimination." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASU003.
Анотація:
La thèse porte sur les stratégies et les tactiques d'organisation de la « vie privée » et des identités des personnes homosexuelles et bisexuelles face aux discriminations qui se sont trouvées renforcées en Russie depuis l'adoption récente des lois anti-gays. Les discours hostiles tenus dans les milieux politiques, religieux et médiatiques, ainsi que le comportement violent de groupes extrémistes ont connu une aggravation à la suite de ces réformes. La recherche a pour objectif de suivre les personnes concernées dans leurs trajectoires de manière à saisir comment elles font face à l'interdit et comment elles affrontent la stigmatisation dans leur pays d'origine. De plus, la question de l'émigration est placée au centre de la thèse : elle trouve en effet, un écho croissant depuis les lois de 2012 et 2013, surtout chez les jeunes qui se posent la question de rester ou de partir. En suivant une démarche qualitative et comparative, il s'agit, d'une part, d'analyser les stratégies de résistance ou de contournement de la loi par ceux et celles qui vivent en Russie ; d'autre part, d'étudier le cas des personnes qui émigrent soit en France, soit au Canada. On recherche quelles stratégies sont déployées pour s'installer à l'étranger et pour s'inscrire dans d'autres manières de voir l'homosexualité et la bisexualité ; on analyse aussi les obstacles et les différentes formes de stigmatisation rencontrésThe thesis focuses on the strategies and organizational tactics of the "privacy" of gay, lesbian and bisexual people face discrimination in Russia which found themselves strengthened in Russia since the recent adoption of anti-gay laws. Hostile speeches in the political, religious and media environments, as well as violent behavior of extremist groups experienced a worsening in the wake of these reforms. This research aims to follow gay, lesbian and bisexual people in their trajectories so as to understand how they face what’s forbidden, and how they face stigma in their countries of origin. Moreover, the question of emigration is placed at the center of the thesis: it is indeed a growing echo from the laws of 2012 and 2013, especially among young people who ask themselves the question of staying or leaving. Following a qualitative and comparative approach, we wish firstly to analyze strategies of resistance or circumvention of the law by those who live in Russia; secondly to study the case of people who migrate either in France or in Canada. We seek to understand which strategies are deployed to settle abroad and to register other ways of seeing homosexuality and bisexuality journeys; we also discuss the obstacles and other forms of stigma encountered
12
Kumo, Kazuhiro. "Migration and Regional Development in the Soviet Union and Russia." Kyoto University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/149396.
13
Beider, Alexander. "Les prénoms des juifs ashkénazes : histoire et migrations (11ème-19ème siècles)." Paris, EPHE, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EPHEA010.
14
Mahnke-Devlin, Julia. "Britische Migration nach Russland im 19. Jahrhundert : Integration, Kultur, Alltagsleben /." Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz Verlag, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41092308j.
15
Davlyatova, Nodira. "In search of better lives: analyzing post-soviet migration from Tajikistan to Russia." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18667.
Анотація:
Master of ArtsDepartment of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work
Nadezda Shapkina
With the collapse of the socialist model in the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1991 which was followed by Civil War (1992-1997), Tajikistan has undergone profound social, economic, and political transformation. Persistent impoverishment, political and economic instability, and discrimination of ethnic minorities have resulted in out-migration of Tajik population to Russia. In this study, labor migration (survival driven, seasonal, and chain) is discussed. Even though Tajik migrants face challenges such as segregation, xenophobia, sexism, and intolerance working abroad, they continue to migrate to Russia in order to seek a better quality of life. This is closely linked to migration policy and regulations that have been implemented by the governments of these countries which allow free movement across the borders. Although these migration policies promote legal migration, they create favorable conditions for inequality (such as structural, social, and global) as well as illegal migratory flows. However, little scholarly work has been focused on how migration policy contributes to structural inequality and leads to illegal migration in the former Soviet Republics. In my study, I seek to add to the limited existing literature about these phenomena. I examine the social context of Tajik labor migration, legal framework, migration policy and regulations, and its implications. Specifically, I analyze the case of Tajikistan and Russia’s migration policies and regulations as they are proposed and implemented by governmental agencies in collaboration and consultation with civil society organizations (local and international) including the Tajik diasporas.
16
Braux, Adeline. "Migrations, transnationalisme et nouvelles diasporas dans l'espace post-soviétique : les immigrés sud-caucasiens en Fédération de Russie." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0025.
Анотація:
Depuis 1991, la Fédération de Russie enregistre un solde migratoire positif avec presque tous les États de la CEI. En 2008, cet excédent s’élevait à 243 862. Alors qu’en URSS les Sud-Caucasiens comptaient parmi les populations les moins mobiles, la situation a diamétralement changé dans la période actuelle et questionne le caractère post-impérial de ces migrations. La Russie constitue la première destination d’émigration pour les ressortissants de l’Arménie, de l’Azerbaïdjan et de la Géorgie dont l’immigration peut désormais être étudiée sur près d’un quart de siècle. L’immigration sud-caucasienne en Russie repose sur des réseaux dont certains ont été constitués bien avant la disparition de l’URSS et qui expliquent souvent les stratégies migratoires déployées par les immigrés. Ceux-ci sont confrontés à une tension permanente entre adoption des normes de la société d’installation et préservation d’une communauté donnée par le biais de marqueurs identitaires, au premier rang desquels la langue, la religion et le système de valeurs. Ils possèdent par ailleurs deux espaces politiques, sociaux et culturels de référence et sont impliqués, consciemment ou non, dans des formes de transnationalisme variées aux plans tant individuel que collectif. Les communautés immigrées sud-caucasiennes tendent de ce fait à devenir un objet, sinon un enjeu, des relations internationales dans la zone post-soviétique, notamment par le truchement des politiques diasporiques émanant de leur pays d’origine. Le phénomène migratoire dans la zone post-soviétique constitue ainsi un puissant vecteur d’intégration et de régionalisationSince 1991, the Russian Federation’s migratory balance has been positive with almost all CIS countries. In 2008, it stood at 243 862. While in the USSR South-Caucasians were the least mobile populations, the situation has dramatically changed in the current period and raises questions about the post-imperial nature of these migrations. Russia is the number one emigration country for migrants coming from Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. Theses migration flows can now be studied on a period of a quarter of a century. South-Caucasian migrations to Russia are based on networks which were constituted, for some of them, well before the dismiss of the Soviet Union and often help explain migrants’mobility strategies. Migrants are faced with a permanent tension between the appropriation of the receiving society’s norms, and the preservation of their community through identity marks, above all language, religion and value system. In addition to that, they have two political, social, and cultural spaces of reference and are engaged, consciously or not, in different forms of transnationalism on an individual or a collective basis. Migrant communities from the South-Caucasus may sometimes become subjects of international relations. This may be the case when their countries of origin develop specific diaspora policies towards them. Migratory processes in the post-Soviet area thus represent a powerful tool of integration and regionalisation
17
Castleton, Joseph M. "Exporting Unemployment: Migration as Lens to Understand Relations between Russia, China, and Central Asia." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275414103.
18
Shapkina, Nadezda. "Operation Help counteracting sex trafficking of women from Russia and Ukraine /." unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07112008-111322/.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.Title from file title page. Wendy Simonds, committee chair; Denise Donnelly, Dawn Baunach, committee members. Electronic text (218 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Sept. 23, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 195-206).
19
Kliukina, Sofia. "Engaging Diaspora in Homeland Development : A Case Study of Tajik Diaspora in Russia." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-95914.
Анотація:
Policy makers in the global development industry in the past two decades have shown increasing interest in engaging diasporas in homeland development. This research aims to address the gap of searching for better practices of engaging diaspora in homeland development, using the case of Tajik diaspora in Russia. The research objective is to identify the most promising areas to effectively engage Tajik diaspora in Russia in homeland development. The research adheres to abductive logic of enquiry, and uses qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews conducted remotely with representatives of Tajik diaspora organizations and Tajik diaspora members in three major Russian cities (Moscow, St Petersburg and Yekaterinburg). The study uses structuration theory as a theoretical framework to conceptualize diaspora organizations and their practices. For analysing data, pragmatic, administrative, centralized and decentralised approaches to diaspora engagement in homeland development are used as an analytical framework. The scope of this study is not able to generate representative results, but drawn conclusions provide basis for further research. The combination of the theoretical and analytical framework applied within this study allowed to identify gaps between existing diaspora engagement strategy and the actual capabilities present in the diaspora. This study indicates that the most promising areas for effectively engaging Tajik diaspora in Russia in homeland development is bridging said gaps by institutionalizing existing development practices through a decentralized pragmatic approach. The analysis also argues that diversifying channels of administrative approach to diaspora engagement and scaling down the projects to the local level could maximize effectiveness of diaspora engagement strategy.
20
Weis, Christina Corinna. "Reproductive migrations : surrogacy workers and stratified reproduction in St Petersburg." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/15036.
Анотація:
Surrogacy is an arrangement whereby a woman conceives in order to give birth to child or children for another individual or couple to raise. This thesis explores how commercial gestational surrogacy is culturally framed and socially organised in Russia and investigates the roles of the key actors. In particular it explores the experiences of surrogacy workers, including those who migrate or commute long distances within and to Russia for surrogacy work and the significance of their origin, citizenship, ethnicity and religion in shaping their experience. Ethnographic fieldwork was carried out in St Petersburg between August 2014 and May 2015 and involved semi-structured interviews, (participant) observations, informal conversations and ethnographic fieldnotes with 33 surrogacy workers, 7 client parents, 15 agency staff and 11 medical staff in medical and surrogacy agency facilities. Data were analysed using inductive ethnographic principles. A reflexive account, which includes a consideration of the utility of making one’s own emotional responses a research tool, is also included. Drawing on and expanding on Colen’s (1995) conceptual framework of stratified reproduction and Crenshaw’s (1989) analytical framework of intersectionality, this research shows that surrogacy in Russia is culturally framed and therefore socially organised as an economic exchange, which gives rise to and reinforces different forms of intersecting reproductive stratifications. These stratifications include biological, social, geographic, geo-political and ethnic dimensions. Of particular novelty is the extension of Colen’s framework to address geographic and geo political stratifications. This was based on the finding that some women (temporarily) migrate or commute (over long distances) to work as gestational carriers. The thesis also demonstrates how an economic framing of surrogacy induced surrogacy workers to understand surrogacy gestation as work, which influenced their relationships with client parents. Given the rapid global increase in the use of surrogacy and its increasingly internationalised nature, this research into the social organisation of commercial gestational surrogacy in Russia is timely and has implications for users, medical practitioners and regulators, as well as researchers concerned with (cross-border) surrogacy and reproductive justice.
21
Viets, Heather Ann. "Little Russia| Patterns in Migration, Settlement, and the Articulation of Ethnic Identity among Portland's Volga Germans." Thesis, Portland State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10785251.
Анотація:
The Volga Germans assert a particular ethnic identity to articulate their complex history as a multinational community even in the absence of traditional practices in language, religious piety, and communal lifestyle. Across multiple migrations and settlements from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries, the Volga Germans’ self-constructed group identity served historically as a tool with which to navigate uncertain politics of belonging. As subjects of imperial Russia’s eighteenth-century colonization project the Volga Germans held a privileged legal status in accordance with their settlement in the Volga River region, but their subsequent loss of privileges under the reorganization and Russification of the modern Russian state in the nineteenth century compelled members of the group to immigrate to the Midwest in the United States where their distinct identity took its full form. The Volga Germans’ arrival on the Great Plains coincided with an era of mass global migration from 1846 to 1940, yet the conventional categories of immigrant identity that subsumed Volga Germans in archival records did not impede their drive for community preservation under a new unifying German-Russian identity. A contingent of Midwest Volga Germans migrated in 1881 to Albina, a railroad town across the Willamette River from Portland, Oregon where the pressures of assimilation ultimately disintegrated traditional ways of life—yet the community impulse to articulate its identity remained. Thus, while Germans are the single largest ethnic group in the U.S. today numbering forty-two million individuals, Portland’s Volga German community nevertheless continues to distinguish itself ethnically through its nostalgia for a unique past.
22
Aitieva, Medina. "Reconstituting transnational families : an ethnography of family practices between Kyrgyzstan and Russia." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/reconstituting-transnational-families-an-ethnography-of-family-practices-between-kyrgyzstan-and-russia(8216e73e-8a34-4315-8485-a16c6cf2e19e).html.
Анотація:
This dissertation examines transnational family practices between Kyrgyzstan and Russia. Post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan experienced intensive internal and external mobilities. As one of the poorest Soviet republics, independent Kyrgyzstan continued to battle with poverty and high unemployment, which pushed nearly 20% of its population to seek jobs internationally. Transnational families have become a norm for Kyrgyzstan that receives the equivalent of one-third of its GDP in remittances. Using the transnational perspective, I explored the role of migration in reconstituting 'family practices' (Morgan, 1996, 2013). In a multi-sited ethnography of family life between Alcha village and Yakutsk city, the study demonstrates the everyday lives of transnational family members maintaining ties across time and space. Treating families as groups of configurations, rather than households, the study illustrates the multitude of family and kin relationships and networks that family members are embedded in. Through the examination of remittances and monetary ties, communal celebrations, arrangements of caregiving in migrants' absence, the study describes the contradictory effects of migration. I argue that migration has dramatically transformed and reconstituted family life. Divided and fragmented, Kyrgyzstani transnational families continued to maintained strong ties with home. I demonstrate that transnational families coped with the contradictory consequences of migration that shifted the family meanings, practices, constitution, and architecture of Kyrgyz family lives. The dissertation argues that Kyrgyzstani families, characterized by extended family relations, are nonetheless increasingly engaged in nuclear family type of relations in the transnational social fields.
23
Vasyukova, Ekaterina. "Altération chimique des roches et migration des éléments dans la zone boréale (Nord-Ouest de la Russie)." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00410508.
Анотація:
Cette thèse a pour but d'améliorer notre compréhension des processus d'altération des roches mafiques silicatées, de la spéciation des éléments et de leur migration dans le milieu boréal (bassin versant de la mer Blanche, Nord-Ouest de la Russie). Les objectifs principales du travail sont i) de caractériser et décrire les mécanismes responsables de l'altération chimique et de la formation des minéraux dans la zone subarctique, ii) évaluer le rôle de la lithologie (environnement granitique versus basaltique) dans la spéciation des éléments traces (ET) et la formation des colloïdes organo-minéraux dans les eaux de surface des bassins versants boréaux des hautes latitudes, et iii) révéler la dépendance de la spéciation des ET en fonction du pH de la solution pour prédire des changements éventuels dans la bioaccumulation des éléments dans les eaux naturelles à cause de leur acidification. L'originalité de cette thèse est de combiner, pour la première fois sur les mêmes objets naturels, les techniques physico-chimique, minéralogique et isotopique afin de mieux comprendre les facteurs qui contrôlent les cycles biogéochimiques des éléments dans les régions subarctiques.
24
SAVELIEV, Igor. "The Transition from Immigration Restriction to the Importation of Labor : Recent Migration Patterns and Chinese Migrants in Russia." Graduate School of International Development, Nagoya University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8804.
25
Hernández, i. Sagrera Raül. "The European Union and Eastern Europe migration policy convergence beyond Europeanisation: the cases of Russia, Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/334385.
Анотація:
La Unió Europea (UE) va presentar la Política Europea de Veïnatge (PEV) el 2004 per tal d'enfortir la cooperació en àrees como ara la immigració. La dimensió exterior de la política d'immigració de la UE a Europa Oriental (Associació Oriental i Rússia) ha estat molt activa i objecte de nombrosos treballs acadèmics, en gran part centrats en afirmar que la UE exporta les seves pròpies normes. Tanmateix, la teoria d'europeïtzació no té en compte els interessos i capacitats dels països d'Europa Oriental, així com les seves percepcions de legitimitat. Una dècada després de la posada en marxa de la PEV, la tesi respon a la qüestió sobre quines normes la UE i Europa Oriental adopten en la convergència normativa en matèria d'immigració. S'identifiquen tres models de convergència (envers normes de la UE, normes internacionals i normes acordades bilateralment), en funció fonamentalment de l'estructura de poder i de les percepcions de legitimitat a Europa Oriental. La convergència normativa en política d'immigració s'aplica als casos de (I) readmissió, (II) visats, (III) gestió de fronteres i (IV) immigració laboral.
La tesi doctoral conclou que la cooperació en política d'immigració entre la UE i Europa Oriental no consisteix en l'adopció sistemàtica de normes de la UE. Argumenta que la UE ha promogut fonamentalment normes de la UE en l'àmbit de seguritat (acords de readmissió i Gestió Integrada de Fronteres). Malgrat tot, a causa de la manca de poder suficient de la UE i a baixes percepcions de legitimitat de la UE entre els veïns d’Europa Oriental, la UE ha ofert incentius en l'àmbit de la mobilitat (política de visats i associacions per a la mobilitat). L'evidència empírica mostra debilitats en la convergència normativa envers normes de la UE, que consisteixen en gran part en mesures de socialització (intercanvi d'informació i formació). Uns dels resultats més significatius de la tesi és que la UE promou activament, en el marc de la liberalizació de visats, la convergència normativa cap a normes internacionals en matèria d'estat de dret. Les normes que emanen del Consell d'Europa i de Nacions Unides són de fet percebudes com a més legítimes que les normes de la UE. No obstant, aquest rol de la UE como a transmissora de normes cal matitzar-lo pel fet que la UE ha jugat ara com ara un rol limitat en promoure normes internacionals de drets dels immigrants. Finalment, la convergència envers normes acordades bilateralment ha estat el model menys predominant. La comparativa entre els països d'Europa Oriental mostra que els instruments adoptats són similars per l'objectiu de la UE de ser coherent. Tanmateix, el poder de negociació de cada país amb la UE ha donat peu a condicions més o menys favorables pel país. A més a més, les percepcions de legitimitat i la voluntat de cada país d'apropament a la UE són elements clau. En conjunt, Ucraïna, Moldàvia i Geòrgia són països favorables a l'apropament a la UE mentre que Rússia ha construït una cooperació pragmàtica en matèria d'immigració amb la UE, influint en la institucionalització de l'agenda d'immigració amb Europa Oriental. Finalment, la tesi contribueix globalment al debat sobre el soft power de la UE al veïnatge, concluent que els instruments d'immigració adoptats estan molt més orientats a promoure la seguretat que la mobilitat.La Unión Europea (UE) presentó la Política Europea de Vecindad (PEV) en 2004 para fortalecer la cooperación en áreas como la inmigración. La dimensión exterior de la política de inmigración de la UE hacia Europa Oriental (Asociación Oriental y Rusia) ha sido muy activa y objeto de numerosos trabajos académicos, en gran parte centrados en afirmar que la UE exporta sus propias normas. Sin embargo, la teoría de europeización no tiene en cuenta los intereses y capacidades de los países de Europa Oriental, así como sus percepciones de legitimidad. Una década después de la puesta en marcha de la PEV, la tesis responde a la cuestión sobre qué normas la UE y Europa Oriental adoptan en la convergencia normativa en materia de inmigración. Se identifican tres modelos de convergencia (hacia normas de la UE, normas internacionales y normas acordadas bilateralmente), en función fundamentalmente de la estructura de poder y de las percepciones de legitimidad en Europa Oriental. La convergencia normativa en política de inmigración se aplica a los casos de (I) readmisión, (II) visados, (III) gestión de fronteras e (IV) inmigración laboral. La tesis doctoral concluye que la cooperación en política de inmigración entre la UE y Europa Oriental no consiste en la adopción sistemática de normas de la UE. Argumenta que la UE ha promovido fundamentalmente normas de la UE en el ámbito de seguridad (acuerdos de readmisión y Gestión Integrada de Fronteras). Aun así, debido a la falta de poder suficiente de la Unión y a bajas percepciones de legitimidad de la Unión entre los vecinos de Europa Oriental, la UE ha ofrecido incentivos en el ámbito de la movilidad (política de visados y asociaciones para la movilidad). La evidencia empírica muestra debilidades en la convergencia normativa hacia normas de la UE, que consisten en gran parte en medidas de socialización (intercambio de información y formación). Uno de los resultados más significativos de la tesis es que la UE promueve activamente, en el marco de la liberalización de visados, la convergencia normativa hacia normas internacionales en materia de estado de derecho. Las normas que emanan del Consejo de Europa y de Naciones Unidas son de hecho percibidas como más legítimas que las normas de la UE. No obstante, este rol de la UE como transmisora de normas hay que matizarlo por el hecho de que la UE ha jugado hasta la fecha un rol limitado en promover normas internacionales de derechos de los inmigrantes. Finalmente, la convergencia hacia normas acordadas bilateralmente ha sido el modelo menos predominante. La comparativa entre los países de Europa Oriental muestra que los instrumentos adoptados son similares por el objetivo de la UE de ser coherente. Sin embargo, el poder de negociación de cada país con la UE ha dado pie a condiciones más o menos favorables para el país. Además, las percepciones de legitimidad y la voluntad de cada país de acercamiento a la UE son elementos clave. En conjunto, Ucrania, Moldavia y Georgia son países favorables al acercamiento a la UE mientras que Rusia ha construido una cooperación pragmática en materia de inmigración con la UE, influyendo en la institucionalización de la agenda de inmigración con Europa Oriental. Finalmente, la tesis contribuye globalmente al debate sobre el soft power de la UE en la vecindad, concluyendo que los instrumentos de inmigración adoptados están mucho más orientados a promover la seguridad que la movilidad.
In 2004, the European Union (EU) launched the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) to strengthen cooperation in areas such as migration. In particular, the external dimension of the EU migration policy in Eastern Europe (the Eastern Partnership countries and Russia) has been very active and under huge academic scrutiny, mostly with studies claiming that the EU exports its own norms. Yet, this Europeanisation approach does not take into account the interests and capacities of Eastern European countries, as well as their perceptions of legitimacy. A decade after the launch of the ENP, this thesis addresses the question of what norms are actually adopted in the EU-Eastern Europe migration policy convergence. Three models of policy convergence (towards EU norms, towards international norms and towards bilaterally-agreed norms) are identified, depending mainly on the structure of power and perceptions of legitimacy in Eastern Europe. Migration policy convergence is applied to the cases of (I) readmission, (II) visa, (III) border management and (IV) labour migration. The doctoral dissertation concludes that the EU-Eastern Europe migration cooperation has not consisted in the systematic adoption of EU norms. It argues that the EU primarily has promoted security-related EU norms (readmission agreements and Integrated Border Management). However, due to lack of enough EU leverage and low perceptions of EU legitimacy among the Eastern neighbours, the EU has offered incentives in the field of mobility (visa policy and mobility partnerships). Empirical evidence shows weaknesses in policy convergence to EU norms, consisting mainly in socialisation measures (information exchange and capacity-building). One of the main findings of the thesis is that the EU is actively promoting, in the framework of visa liberalisation, policy convergence towards international norms in the area of rule of law. In fact, norms emanating from the Council of Europe and the United Nations are perceived as more legitimate than EU norms. However, this EU role as norm-transmitter has to be nuanced by the fact that to date the EU has played a relatively limited role in promoting international norms in the area of migrants' rights. Finally, convergence to bilaterally-agreed norms has been the least predominant. A comparison across Eastern European countries shows that the policy instruments adopted are by and large similar for the sake of consistency. Nonetheless, the leverage of each country vis-à-vis the EU has usually shaped more or less favourable conditions for the country. In addition, the perceptions of legitimacy and willingness of each country to come closer with the EU are essential. Overall, Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia are willing countries whereas Russia has built a pragmatic cooperation on migration with the EU, playing a role in the institutionalisation of the migration agenda to Eastern Europe. Finally, the thesis contributes overall to debate on the EU soft power in the Neighbourhood, concluding that the adopted migration policy instruments are much more oriented at promoting security than mobility.
26
Dena, Ornelas Oscar S. "Fast approximate migration of ground penetrating radar using Kalman estimators and determination of the lithospheric structure of Lake Baikal, Russia." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
27
Hetherington, Philippa Lesley. "Victims of the Social Temperament: Prostitution, Migration and the Traffic in Women from Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union, 1885-1935." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11677.
Анотація:
The early twentieth century was the apogee of what historians have come to call a `white slavery' panic, a period in which long term anxieties about the social dangers and moral ambiguities of sex work metamorphosed into an intense philanthropic, public and state focus on forced migration for the purposes of prostitution. This dissertation investigates the origins of `the traffic in women' as a social problem in imperial Russian and Soviet law and society, connecting it to emergent regimes of transnational biopolitics at the fin-de-siècle and through the interwar years. This period was one in which state and social understandings of the subject's freedom, to move across borders or to consent to sex, were being reconceptualized. I argue that the traffic in women, as a legal category and cultural discourse, was key to this process of reconceptualization, as it became a heuristic for making sense of the entanglement of legality, clandestinity, consent and coercion operational in cross border migration, particularly that which involved sex work, in an age of rapid globalization. Consequently, this dissertation helps us to understand how certain conceptions of gendered and sexualized bodies have become central to questions of state security and sovereignty.History
28
Pfaff-Shalmiyev, Sophia. "] To Mother." PDXScholar, 2015. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2535.
Анотація:
Four weeks before the collapse of the Berlin Wall in 1989 an eleven-year-old flees the Soviet Union with her young father. As political refugee determined to eventually settle in the United States they hastily abandon the girl's estranged alcoholic mother, future stepmother, their friends and relatives, their collection of books and all but a handful of family photographs. She eventually attempts to seek out and recover the people, ideas and objects lost on that voyage to America by going back to a much changed Russia and stitching together the scattered and forgotten pieces in between her old and new homes through dream-like snapshots.
Two decades after her emigration the author examines the concept of bad luck in one's travels, the significance of the number four, ambivalent attachments, learning to mother from a place of abandonment, the familial legacy of escape and the pursuit of wholeness within inconsolable loss. The un-tellability of the story is considered through the lens of Sappho, Bernadette Mayer, Yoko Ono, Roland Barthes, Doris Lessing, Nico and many other surrogate mothers and fathers brought together as a chorus in a multi-vocal, lyric approach.
29
Lazareva, Olga. "Labor market outcomes during the Russian transition." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (EFI), 2009. http://www2.hhs.se/efi/summary/787.htm.
30
Hartl, Jennifer Ann. "Human trafficking in the Russian Federation: an examination of the anti-trafficking efforts of the federal government, non-governmental organizations and the International Organization for Migration." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/682.
Анотація:
This paper examines human trafficking operations in the Russian Federation as well as the efforts of the Russian government, non-governmental organizations, and the International Organization for Migration to prevent trafficking, prosecute traffickers, and provide assistance to survivors of trafficking. Russia has made considerable efforts in the past nineteen years to become a key economic player on the global stage. However, government corruption and an economy propped up by corporations entangled in the buying, selling, and exploitaiton of human beings undermines the pursuit of Great Power status. Field research conducted in Moscow in 2009 revealed that government efforts to combat human trafficking in Russia currently fall short thereby perpetuating a cycle of human trafficking, corruption, organized crime, and poverty.
31
Erciyes, Jade Cemre. "Return migration to the Caucasus : the Adyge-Abkhaz diaspora(s), transnationalism and life after return." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48871/.
Анотація:
This thesis investigates the dual transnationalism of ancestral return migrants, that is to say people “returning” to the territory where their ancestors had once migrated from. Dispersed from their homeland in the second half of the 19th century, the Adyge-Abkhaz diaspora has been involved in a variety of transnational practices in relation to their homeland in the Caucasus; and some, with considerable effort, have been settling there especially in the last two decades. The transnational involvement of this diaspora, most of whom live today in Turkey, is motivated by their search for belonging. Many who go back and forth between Turkey and the Caucasus are involved in transnational diaspora associations and take an active role in the formation of a transnational ethno-political-cultural environment for new generations growing up in the diaspora. The majority of those who have “return migrated” to their homeland in the Caucasus, in this study to two republics, Adygeya (an autonomous republic under the Russian Federation) and Abkhazia (a republic with contested independence), develop new transnational links to their diaspora communities in Turkey. This thesis is the product of a multi-sited, multi-method research project that combines theories related to transnationalism, diaspora and return, as well as migrant adaptation. Using life-history interviews, semi-structured interviews and participant observation, fieldwork for the research took place in rural diaspora settlements and urban diaspora organisations in Turkey as well as in the Caucasus, thereby enabling the researcher to study both ends of the migration route. Existing studies on ancestral return migration focus on pull and push factors, which hitherto have focused on sending and receiving countries separately. This thesis argues that their dual transnationalism, both in the diaspora (in Turkey) looking back towards the diasporic homeland, and after return looking back towards the diaspora, turns them into the “diaspora of their diaspora”.
32
Lin, Ke. "Perceptions and Social Implications of Non-native Accents in Russia." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1593736866398429.
33
Juurmaa, Nora. "De Matsui Tarô (1917-2017), écrivain brésilien d’origine japonaise, à Andreï Ivanov (1971- ), écrivain d’origine russe vivant en Estonie : conception de la "mort" dans la littérature de deux communautés issues des migrations, de 1970 à 2010 pour la communauté nippo-brésilienne et de 2008 à 2016 pour la communauté russophone d’Estonie." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3027.
Анотація:
La présente étude se veut une analyse de la fonction de l’élément « mort » dans la fiction littéraire de MATSUI Tarô (1917-2017), auteur phare de la littérature japonophone du Brésil. Une comparaison est effectuée avec l’œuvre d’Andreï IVANOV (1971- ), grand nom de la littérature russophone d’Estonie. Cette thèse s’articule autour de l’argument de Michel Picard, lequel estime que dans le domaine littéraire, « quand on parle de la mort, on parle toujours d’autre chose » : « En premier lieu parce qu’il s’agit ici de tourner l’insurmontable difficulté de temporaliser l’intemporel instant mortel, mais surtout à cause des préoccupations véritables […] qui ne concernent bien entendu que la vie. Enfin celles-ci elles-mêmes ont clairement révélé qu’elles n’étaient que des espèces de symptômes, de métaphores ; que l’essentiel, dans ce topos comme chaque fois qu’il s’agit de la « mort », est inconscient. » Après avoir traité des questions relatives à l’histoire et aux politiques d’identité des communautés concernées – la communauté « japonaise » du Brésil et celle, russophone, d’Estonie –, cette thèse interroge la manière dont s’est construit le monde littéraire japonophone du Brésil. D'autres interrogations seront ensuite soulevées : pourquoi la mort apparaît-elle si souvent dans la fiction littéraire de Matsui ? Quelles fonctions ces morts occupent-elles dans son œuvre, ainsi que dans celle d’Ivanov ? Si le sujet abordé par les auteurs n’est pas la mort per se, quel est leur véritable propos ? Est-ce le passé qui meurt, comme cela semble être le cas dans La Cerisaie d’Anton Tchekhov ? Quelle est la relation de Matsui Tarô à ce passé ? Et dans le cas d’Andreï Ivanov ? Comment choisissent-ils, fût-ce de manière inconsciente, de voir le passé et de dialoguer avec lui ? Cette étude démontre que la « mort » dans les littératures de Matsui et Ivanov, s’il est un véhicule privilégié de critiques adressées par les deux auteurs à leurs communautés respectives, sert également à communiquer une vision d’avenir pour ces dernières — à savoir la proposition d’une assimilation complète. L’élément « mort » indique les raisons pour lesquelles ces auteurs refusent des concepts construits tels que « nous » (i.e. une communauté isolée)The present study proposes an analysis of the function of “death” in the literary fiction of MATSUI Tarô (1917-2017), a leading author in Brazilian Japanese-language literature. A comparison is carried out with the oeuvre of Andrei IVANOV (1971- ), a key author in Estonian Russian-language literature. This thesis is built around Michel Picard’s argument, which proposes that in the literary field, “when we speak about death, we always speak about something else”: “Firstly because the core of the matter is to circumvent the insurmountable difficulty of temporalizing [materialising] the timeless [immaterial] moment of death, but mostly because of the actual preoccupations […] that certainly only concern life. These [preoccupations] themselves have clearly revealed that they [are] no more than symptoms, metaphors of some sort; that the crux of the matter, in this topos as well as each time that “death” is concerned, is unconscious.”After examining the historical and political contexts of the communities in question – the “Japanese” community of Brazil and the Russian-language community in Estonia – this thesis questions the ways that the Japanese-language literary world has been constructed in Brazil. Other questions are then raised: why does “death” appear so frequently in Matsui Tarô’s literary fiction? What are the functions operated by these deaths in his and Andrei Ivanov’s oeuvre? If the subject matter addressed by the two authors is not death per se, what are the real preoccupations at stake? Is it the past that dies, in a way that it seems to be the case in Anton Chekhov’s The Cherry Orchard? How does Matsui Tarô relate to this past? What about Andrei Ivanov? How do they choose, be it unconsciously, to see the past and to dialogue with it? This study shows that while “death” functions, in the literatures of Matsui and Ivanov, as a privileged vehicle conveying the criticisms that the two authors address to their respective communities, it is also used as a tool to communicate a vision for the future of these communities — that is, the proposition of a complete assimilation. The element of “death” points out the reasons why these authors refuse constructed concepts such as “us” (i.e. an isolated community)
34
Siegert, Andreas. "Motive hochqualifizierter russischer Transmigranten, nach Deutschland zu emigrieren eine empirische Untersuchung unter russischen Akademikern." Aachen Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992015286/04.
35
Kauffmann, Albrecht. "Das Städtesystem der Russischen Föderation aus Sicht der Neuen Ökonomischen Geographie." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4452/.
Анотація:
Der Anstieg der Energiepreise kann zu einer länger anhaltenden Verteuerung von Gütertransporten führen. Welche Auswirkungen haben steigende Transportkosten auf die Entwicklung von Städtesystemen?
Ein solcher Transportkostenanstieg hat in der Russischen Föderation nach der Preisliberalisierung 1992 real, d.h. in Relation zu den Preisen anderer Gütergruppen stattgefunden. Gleichzeitig stellt die Bevölkerungsstatistik der Russischen Föderation Daten bereit, mit deren Hilfe Hypothesen zur Entwicklung von Städtesystemen unter dem Einfluss steigender Transportkosten geprüft werden können. Diese Daten werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit umfassend ausgewertet.
Den theoretischen Hintergrund liefert die Modellierung eines Städtesystems mit linearer Raumstruktur im Rahmen der Neuen Ökonomischen Geographie. Damit wird ein Werkzeug geschaffen, das auch auf weiträumige Städtesysteme mit ausgeprägter Bandstruktur angewendet werden kann. Die hier erstmals erfolgte ausführliche Erläuterung des zu Grunde liegenden Theorieansatzes versteht sich als Ergänzung der Standardlehrbücher der Raumwirtschaftstheorie.
Die Ergebnisse der empirischen Untersuchung bestätigen die Prognose des Modells, dass in großflächigen Ländern bzw. Regionen mit Ähnlichkeit zur unterstellten Raumstruktur ein Anstieg der Transportkosten Konzentrationstendenzen in den Zentren befördert, während die peripheren Regionen zunehmend abgekoppelt werden.The rise in energy prices may result in long-lasting rise in costs of freight transports. Which effects do rising freight transport costs have for the development of urban systems? Such rise of transport costs in real terms has happened in Russia after price liberalisation in 1992. At the same time, the Russian official demographic statistics provides data that can be used to test hypotheses concerning the development of urban systems affected by rising transport costs. In the present study, these data are comprehensively evaluated. The theoretical background is provided by modelling of a linear shaped urban system in the framework of New Economic Geography. By means of this tool, analysis can be applied to spacious urban systems with large transport distances. For the first time, the underlying theoretical approach is explained in detail. The empirical results provide evidence for the outcomes of the theoretical model: In spacious countries or regions, respectively, whose urban systems are drawn-out on long lines, rising costs of freight transport are conducive to tendencies of concentration of population in large cities in the centre of the system, while peripheral regions are increasingly disconnected.
36
Polkov, Kirill. "What kind of Russianness? : Exploring the role of traditional family in constructing the Russian national identity during “the decade of childhood”." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149651.
Анотація:
Family and children are brought to the front in contemporary Russia and constitute an important policy area. Manifesting the centrality of family and children, the period 2018―2027 has also been officially proclaimed “the decade of childhood”, leading to numerous policy initiatives and momentous media attention. The thesis explores this current development with a particular interest in what role the family plays in asserting and negotiating (state) power and in the overall national project of constructing Russianness. The aim is thus to examine the articulations of Russianness and family in policy and media in contemporary Russia. The analysis is conducted mainly at the level of discourse and is inspired by Laclau and Mouffe’s discourse theory. Applying constructivist theories of nationalism in conjunction with feminist theories that critique the concepts of the nation and the state, the thesis demonstrates how the discourse articulated in policy documents and state-controlled media interconnects “family”, “tradition”, and “Russianness” and what possible effects are produced as a result. It also discusses how categories of gender, class, ‘race’/ethnicity and sexuality inform the articulated national identity. The thesis argues that despite civic “Russianness” (rossiyskaya naciya) being furthered as the desired national project, a number of articulations clearly point to nation’s ethnic character. As “Russianness” and “tradition” are loosely defined the viability of such articulations is questioned, given both Russia’s history and the coming transformations of the Russian welfare state.
37
Hollard, Clémence. "Peuplement du sud de la Sibérie et de l'Altaï à l'âge du Bronze : apport de la paléogénétique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ002/document.
Анотація:
Ce travail s’est intéressé à la dynamique de peuplement du sud de la Sibérie et de l’Altaï à l’âge du Bronze (IIIème - Ier millénaire avant J.-C), période pendant laquelle les steppes eurasiennes auraient connues de nombreux mouvements de populations. Les analyses moléculaires ont portés sur 69 spécimens anciens. La stratégie adoptée a consisté, en plus de l’étude de l’ADN mitochondrial, à étudier les lignées paternelles de ces individus, ainsi que des marqueurs autosomaux, informatifs de leur origine biogéographique (AIM) et des caractères pigmentaires. L’ensemble des données moléculaires obtenues nous a permis de mettre en évidence une évolution du pool génique au sein de la région étudiée. Le faible effectif observé par groupe culturel ainsi que le processus de recrutement funéraire peut avoir biaisé une partie des analyses. Néanmoins, ces données moléculaires ont amené de nouveaux éléments pour la compréhension du peuplement de cette région qui apparaît comme un processus complexeThe present work has focused on the settlement of the South Siberia and the Altai mountains during the Bronze Age (III-I millennium BC), period during which the Eurasian Steppes knew a lot of population movements. The molecular analyses were performed on 69 ancient samples. The used strategy consisted in the study of maternal and paternal lineages and autosomal markers informative of biogeographical ancestry (AIM) and physical appearance. Taken together, these results show an evolution of the genetic pool in this area during the Bronze Age. The low effective observed in each cultural group and the funeral recruitment could of course have induced a bias in some analyses. Nevertheless, these molecular data gave new elements to understand the settlement of this region which seems to be a complex process that it will be necessary to deepen with new paleogenetic even paleogenomic studies
38
Penati, Beatrice. "L’emigrazione nazionalista musulmana dall’ex Impero russo in Europa occidentale, 1919-1939." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/86036.
39
Ingridsdotter, Jenny. "The Promises of the Free World : Postsocialist Experience in Argentina and the Making of Migrants, Race, and Coloniality." Doctoral thesis, Södertörns högskola, Etnologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32312.
Анотація:
This thesis investigates the narrated experiences of a number of individuals that migrated to Argentina from Russia and Ukraine in the wake of the fall of the Soviet Union. The over-arching aim of this thesis is to study the ways in which these migrants navigated the social reality in Argentina, with regards to available physical, material, and socioeconomic positions as well as with regards to their narrated self-understandings and identifications. The empirical data consists of ethnographic in-depth interviews and participatory observation from Buenos Aires between the years 2011 and 2014. Through the theoretical frameworks of political discourse theory, critical race studies, auto-ethnography, and theories on coloniality, the author examines questions of migration, mobility, race, class, and gender in the processes of re-establishing a life in a new context. The interviewees were not only directly affected by the collapse of the USSR in the sense that it drastically changed their terrain of possible futures as well as retroactive understandings of their pasts, but they also began their lives in Argentina during the turmoil of the economic crisis that culminated in 2001. Central to this thesis is how these dislocatory events impacted the interviewees’ possibilities and limitations for living the life they had expected, and thus how discursive structures affect subject positions and identifications, and thereby create specific conditions for different relocatory trajectories. By focusing on how these individuals narrate their reasons for migration and their integration into Argentine labor and housing markets, the author demonstrates the role Argentine and East European history, as well as the neoliberal restructuring of the postsocialist region and Argentina in the 1990’s, had for self-understandings, subject positions, identities, and mobility. Various intersections of power, and particularly the making of race and whiteness, are important for the way that the interviewees negotiated subject positions and identifications. The author addresses how affect and hope played a part in these processes and how downward mobility was articulated and made meaningful. She also examines how participants’ ideas about a “good life” were related to understandings of the past, questions of race, social inequality, and a logic of coloniality.Den här avhandlingen undersöker hur ett antal individer som migrerade från Ryssland och Ukraina till Argentina efter Sovjetunionens fall berättar om sin erfarenhet. Det övergripande syftet är att studera hur dessa migranter navigerade i den sociala verkligheten i Argentina, särskilt vad det gäller kroppsliga, materiella och socioekonomiska positioner, såväl som hur detta påverkat deras berättade självförståelse och identifikationer. Det empiriska materialet består av etnografiska djupintervjuer och deltagande observationer gjorda i Buenos Aires mellan åren 2011 och 2014. Författaren använder sig av ett teoretiskt ramverk bestående av politisk diskursteori, kritiska ras- och vithetsstudier, autoetnografi och teorier om kolonialitet för att undersöka frågor om migration, mobilitet, rasialisering, klass och kön i en kontext av återetablering av ett liv i ett nytt samhälle. De som intervjuas i denna avhandling påverkades inte bara av Sovjetunionens kollaps, på så sätt att det påverkade deras förståelse av möjlig framtid samt deras retroaktiva förståelser av det förflutna, utan de påbörjade även sina nya liv i Argentina under den ekonomiska krisen som kulminerade år 2001. Centralt i avhandlingen är hur dessa dislokatoriska händelser inverkade på de intervjuades möjligheter och begränsningar för att kunna leva det liv som de hade förväntat sig, och därmed hur diskursiva strukturer påverkar subjektspositioner och identifikationer och därmed skapar specifika villkor för olika vägar för återetablering. Genom fokus på hur dessa individer berättar om sina anledningar för migrationen och om deras väg in i den argentinska arbets- och bostadsmarknaden visar författaren vilken roll argentinsk och östeuropeisk historia, såväl som 1990-talets nyliberala omstrukturering av den postsovjetiska regionen och Argentina, hade för deras självförståelse, subjektspositioner, identitet och mobilitet. Viktigt för hur de intervjuade förhandlade om olika subjektspositioner och identifikationer är intersektionella maktordningar och särskilt skapandet av ras och vithet. Författaren analyserar hur affekt och hopp spelade en roll i dessa processer och hur social deklassering artikulerades och gjordes meningsfull. Här undersöks även hur de intervjuades idéer om möjligheten att leva ett ”gott liv” var sammanflätade med förståelser av det förflutna, rasialisering, social ojämlikhet och en logik som präglades av kolonialitet.
Тема этой диссертации – это личный опыт ряда индивидуумов, переехавших в Аргентину вскоре после распада Советского Союза, на основе их собственных повествований. Основная цель работы заключается в исследовании того, как мигранты-участники вписывались в общественную реальность Аргентины на фоне её превалирующих физических, материальных и социо-экономических позиций, а также по отношению к тому, как согласно их рассказам, эти люди сами себя воспринимали и идентифицировали. Эмпирическая компонента диссертации включает в себя комплекс углубленных этнографических интервью и включенного наблюдения, проводимых в Буэнос Айрес в 2011 -2014 гг. Автор изучает вопросы миграции, класса, социальной мобильности, расы и гендера в процессе переустановки жизни в новых условиях, руководствуясь теоретическими посылами теорий политического дискурса, критических расовых исследований (critical race studies), автоэтнографии и теорий колониальности. В дополнение к тому факту, что на интервьюируемых оказал непосредственное влияние распад Советского Союза, который кардинальным образом изменил как возможные сценарии их будущего, так и ретроактивные интерпретации их прошлого, эти люди начали свою новую жизнь в Аргентине сразу после сумятицы экономического кризиса, достигшего кульминации в 2001 г. Центральным аспектом диссертации является изучение воздействия, которое имели эти дислоцирующие обстоятельства на спектр естественных возможностей и преград на пути реализации жизненного проекта участников исследования, как они себе его представляли, а также какое влияние оказывают соответствующие дискурсивные структуры на позиции и идентификации субъектов, обуславливая определенные условия реализации различных траекторий их жизни в эмиграции. Фокусируя внимание на том, как эти индивидуумы повествуют о том, что побудило их к эмиграции в Аргентину и интеграции в местные рынки труда и жилья, автор подчеркивает ту роль, которую сыграли в этом особенности как аргентинской, так и восточноевропейской истории, наряду с более поздними структурными изменениями 90х гг., происходившими как на постсоветском, так и аргентинском пространствах в эпоху неолиберализма. Это касается в равной степени аспектов самовосприятия, позиций субъектов, а также вопросов их идентификации и мобильности. Важной составляющей того, каким образом интервьюируемые устанавливали рамки своей субъективной идентификации и позиции, являлись различные грани концепции власти; в частности того, как возникают понятия расы и ‘белизны’ (whiteness). Автор обращается к вопросу, какую роль в этих процессах сыграли аффект и надежда, и как субъекты исследования артикулировали и находили смысл в своей нисходящей мобильности. Параллельно автор анализирует то, как представления участников о "хорошей жизни" ставились ими в зависимость от их собственной интерпретации прошлого, наряду с вопросами расы, общественного неравенства и колониальной логики.
Esta tesis investiga las experiencias narradas por una serie de individuos que emigraron a Argentina desde Rusia y Ucrania a raíz de la caída de la Unión Soviética. Su objetivo general es estudiar el modo en que estos inmigrantes transitaron la realidad social argentina en lo que se refiere a las posiciones físicas, materiales y socioeconómicas disponibles, así como también a su auto-comprensión y a las identidades construidas desde sus narraciones. La autora examina cuestiones de migración, movilidad, raza, clase y género en los procesos de restablecimiento de la vida de estos sujetos a través del marco de la teoría política del discurso, los estudios críticos de la raza, la auto-etnografía y teorías sobre la colonialidad. Los datos empíricos consisten en entrevistas etnográficas en profundidad y observación participante realizadas en Buenos Aires entre los años 2011 y 2014. Los entrevistados no sólo se vieron directamente afectados por el colapso de la URSS en el sentido de que éste cambió drásticamente su terreno de futuros posibles y la comprensión retroactiva de su pasado, sino que también comenzaron sus vidas en Argentina durante las turbulencias de la crisis económica que estalló en el año 2001. En esta tesis, es central la indagación sobre cómo estos eventos dislocatorios impactaron en las posibilidades y limitaciones de los entrevistados para vivir la vida que esperaban y cómo las estructuras discursivas afectan las posiciones y las identificaciones de los sujetos, creando condiciones específicas para diferentes trayectorias de reubicación. Al enfocarse en cómo estos individuos narran sus razones para la migración y su integración en los mercados laborales y de la vivienda en Argentina, la autora demuestra el papel que tienen en las auto-comprensiones, posiciones de sujeto, identidades y movilidad, tanto la historia argentina y de Europa del Este, así como también la reestructuración neoliberal de la región postsocialista y de la Argentina en los años 90. Diversas intersecciones de poder, y particularmente la raza y la blancura son importantes para la manera en que los entrevistados negociaron posiciones subjetivas e identificaciones. La autora aborda cómo el afecto y la esperanza desempeñaron un papel en estos procesos y cómo la movilidad descendente se articuló y se hizo significativa. También examina cómo las ideas de los participantes acerca de una "buena vida" se relacionan con la comprensión del pasado, las cuestiones de raza, desigualdad social y una lógica colonial.
40
McBrayer, William Daniel. "Let There Be War: Competing Narratives and the Perpetuation of Violence in Georgia." Ohio : Ohio University, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1230892552.
41
Salitan, Laurie P. "An analysis of Soviet Jewish emigration in the 1970s." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f984e4b9-f578-4ee9-89d5-b26a65cca29b.
Анотація:
Domestic, not foreign affairs drove Soviet policy on Jewish emigration during the period of 1968-1989. This study challenges the prevailing view that fluctuating levels of exit from the USSR were correlated to the climate of relations between the USA and the USSR. The analysis also considers Soviet-German emigration for comparative perspective. Extensive historical background, with special emphasis on Soviet nationality policy is provided.
42
Vilímová, Andrea. "Migrace mezi Střední Asií a Ruskem. Případ Kyrgyzstánu." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-321919.
Анотація:
This thesis deals with migration flows between Russian Federation and the Kyrgyz Republic. The aim is to analyze migration trends after the collapse of the Soviet Union and to characterize the impact and importance of migration on society and the state of Kyrgyzstan. Another issue is the use of the theories of migration in the post-Soviet space, where they are rarely used nowadays. The analysis begins with an introduction to the formation of the USSR with regard to migration processes on the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan. Another part is devoted to ethnic migration and the last part deals with labor migration. This thesis illustrates the interdependence of migration and changes in the economy and society in Kyrgyzstan. Based on the evaluation of the causes of migration, migration theory could be used just for explanation of labor migration. Application of specific migration theories on labour migration is a matter for further research.
43
(9012302), Annagul Yaryyeva. "RUSSIAN IMMIGRANTS: TRANSNATIONALISM IN THE CONTEXT OF U.S.-RUSSIA RELATIONS SINCE 2014." Thesis, 2020.
Анотація:
This dissertation examines the transnational realities of Russian immigrants in the United States. Drawing insights from personal accounts, I discuss immigrants’ motives to immigrate to the United States and to stay connected to their homeland. I illustrate that political and economic factors, as well as the goals to enhance professional and personal lives, have shaped immigrants’ decisions to come to the United States. At the same time, I show that determined to fulfill their social and civic responsibilities, Russian immigrants maintain ties to their families and friends back in Russia and also remain civically engaged in Russian society.
This dissertation also illustrates that a more intricate understanding of Russian immigrants today cannot be achieved in isolation from the political relations between Russia and the United States that have been rapidly deteriorating since 2014. There are different ways that Russian immigrants respond to the geopolitical divide between the two nation-states. Some Russian immigrants, for example, condemn Russia’s foreign policy and global political behavior. Their criticism is often met with hostilities from Russians who have not emigrated. Other Russian immigrants, on the other hand, disapprove U.S. actions toward Russia and Russian society and consequently encounter antagonisms in the United States. These immigrants recount their experiences of exclusion from the U.S. social fabric. There are also those Russian immigrants who question international acts of the political leaders of both countries. Coping with antagonistic attitudes from Russian and U.S. societies toward their political views and/or ethnic background, these individuals emphasize a growing detachment from both nations. Based on individual accounts, I argue that the contemporary tensions that have emerged between the two nations-states create a barrier to the development of a transnational identity among Russian immigrants. Specifically, living in a hostile political environment, Russian immigrants do not share a simultaneous sense of belonging in relation to Russia and the United States.
By focusing on Russian immigrants’ experiences with U.S.-Russia relations, this dissertation also brings to light individual efforts to contest confrontations that shape the political landscape between Russia and the United States. As transnational subjects with cross-border ties and lives, Russian immigrants utilize their transnational positions and cultural competencies to impact international views of Russian and U.S. nationals. They frequently resort to transnational dialogues and socio-cultural acts to raise social awareness and sympathies between their home and host nations. By developing and investing their efforts into improving U.S.-Russia ties, the ultimate goal that Russian immigrants seek to achieve is to discourage members of Russian and U.S. societies from seeing each other as enemy nations.
44
Karzhaubayeva, Ainur. "Příhraniční migrace mezi Kazachstánem a Ruskem: na příkladu západního Kazachstánu." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326590.
Анотація:
1 Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science Department of Demography and Geodemography Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Přírodovědecká fakulta Katedra demografie a geodemografie Summary of Ph.D. Thesis Autoreferát disertační práce Ph.D. study program in Demography Doktorský studijní program Demografie Frontier migration between Kazakhstan and Russia: the case of the West Kazakhstan Ainur Karzhaubayeva Supervisor/školitel: Doc. RNDr. Dušan Drbohlav, CSc. Supervisor-consultant/školitel-konzultant: Doc. Milan Tuček, CSc. Supervisor-consultant/školitel-konzultant: k.g.n. Zh.Zaionchkovskaya Prague ▪ Praha ▪ 2013 2 FRONTIER MIGRATION BETWEEN KAZAKHSTAN AND RUSSIA: THE CASE OF THE WEST KAZAKHSTAN Abstract The dissertation is dedicated to research frontier migration between Kazakhstan and Russia. The given issue is a topical and has an important value for forming of population policy of border regions and border collaboration of Kazakhstan and Russia. A conceptual interpretation of the border problems is attempted in the given work. A special chapter is dedicated for a forming history and peculiarities of Kazakhstan-Russian border. A practical part of the dissertation is based on social research materials called "Frontier migration in the western region of Kazakhstan- Russia border", which was carried out by the...
45
Lee, Olivia Astillero. "Early Migratory Behavior of Northern Fur Seal (Callorhinus ursinus) Pups from Bering Island, Russia." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-05-9144.
Анотація:
I examined the population trends of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) using an age-specific metapopulation model that allowed migration between rookeries. Mortality and birth rates were modified to simulate future population trends. I also examined the early migratory behavior and habitat associations of pups from Bering Island (BI), Russia. I instrumented 35 pups with Mk10-AL satellite tags and stomach temperature telemeters which provided diving, foraging and location data. I hypothesized that some aspects of pup behavior from the stable BI population differed from the behavior of pups from the unstable Pribilof Islands (PI). The population model revealed that emigration did not contribute significantly to the current PI population decline. However, large source populations contributed significantly to population growth in newly colonized rookeries. A stabilization of the PI population was predicted with a 10 to 20 percent reduction in both juvenile and adult female mortality rates. The diving behavior of pups showed a general progression towards longer and deeper dives as pups aged, particularly between 1600 – 0400 (local time), that was similar to PI pup behavior. However, unlike pups from the PI, I found three main diving strategies among BI pups: 1) shallow daytime divers (mean depth = 3.56 m), 2) deep daytime divers (mean depth = 6.36 m) and 3) mixed divers (mean depth = 4.81 m). The foraging behavior of pups showed that most successful ingestion events occurred between 1600 – 0400, with successful ingestion events lasting 25.36 plus/minus 27.37 min. There was no significant difference among the three strategies in the depth of successful foraging dives. I also examined the foraging search strategies in adult females and pups. Both pups and adults conducted Levy walks, although pups foraged in smaller patches (1 km scales). Using a logistic model to determine habitat associations, I found that pup locations were positively correlated with increasing chlorophyll a concentrations, distances from shore, and sea surface temperatures, and were negatively correlated with depth. There was no significant relationship between all pup locations and the regions (peripheries or centers) or types (cyclonic or anti-cyclonic) of eddies, but ingestion event locations were related to mesoscale eddy peripheries.
46
Bone, Jonathan Andrew. "Socialism in a far country : Stalinist population politics and the making of the Soviet Far East, 1929-1939 /." 2003. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3077042.
47
Andrle, Jakub. "Administrativní regulování migračních procesů v sovětské a postsovětské Moskvě." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-382745.
Анотація:
This dissertation analyses the system of internal passports as a central administrative instrument of controlling migration processes in the Soviet Union and post-Soviet Russia. Specifically, the study focuses on the topic of using the passport system, and the restrictions incorporated in this system, on the territory of Moscow. The aim of the study is two-fold. Firstly, it strives to identify, from a position of historical institutionalism, the factors which allowed Moscow, many years after the dissolution of the USSR, to control migration processes within its borders using distinctively "Soviet" methods, in clear violation of federal laws. On a different level of analysis, the dissertation focusses on the regulatory methods themselves: it examines the genesis and early evolution of the internal passport system and the mechanism of so-called propiska (registration), in the era of Stalinist industrialization, before turning to the process of the system's erosion and partial dismantling during the late Soviet and early post-Soviet years. Finally, the study aims to analyse the methods chosen for controlling migration in Moscow during the rule of mayor Yuri Luzhkov (1992-2010), and the way his policies affected the migration situation in Russia's capital.
48
Becker, Paul. "Handlungsoptionen von MigrantInnen in Interaktion mit dem formellen und informellen Staat in Russland." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E474-E.
49
Solntseva, Svetlana. "(Trans)forming queer in migration narratives: The case of Russian gender/sexually nonconforming migrants in Berlin." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/19180.
Анотація:
In recent years, social sciences and psychological scholarship in particular have increasingly started to
address how processes of globalisation and transnational migration affect gendered sexual identities,
local practices and communities, while, at the same time, exploring the role sexuality and gender play
in relocation decisions, migration routes and experiences of acculturation. The present study adds to a
young, but dynamically evolving interdisciplinary field of queer migration by interrogating how Russian
queer migrants (de)construct, sense, perform and narrate their gendered sexual identities. Grounded in
queer theor(ies) and applying queer epistemological possibilities to migration research on gendered
sexualities, this paper seeks to problematise existing (scholarly) discourses on LGBT migrant
subjectivities. Interviews with 10 sexually/gender nonconforming Russian migrants in Berlin were
conducted and narrative analysis was employed to approach migration stories. Results showed that
gendered sexual subjectivities and the very performances that constitute them go through
(trans)formations as migration narratives unfold. Often being highly politicised, the self-declared
identities were also strategically-used and flexible and were found to be influenced by different
discursive scripts individuals drew upon. Ultimately, this paper serves as a call for an on-going
interrogation and problematisation of the existing sexual/gender identity categories as uncritically
attributed to non-Western, migrant, diasporic, racialised and creole queer subjects and attention to
political discourses these categories are produced within.
50
O, Tara C. "Contingency on the Korean peninsula : collapse to unification." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28486.
Анотація:
A collapsed North Korea would pose a momentous test to the future of the region. The five regional powers—South Korea, China, Japan, Russia, and the United States—are ill-prepared for such an event, partly because of the act of planning for it would upset North Korea. However, the potential challenges of a collapse are too great to ignore. This study presents an historical and political analysis of the increasing risk that North Korea may collapse. A comparison with earlier cases suggests that triggers and indicators of collapse can be identified, including increasing cross-border information flows, defections, and the possible death or incapacitation of North Korea’s leader. Further, the large and growing economic disparity between North Korea and its neighbors, South Korea and China, points to likely consequences of collapse, including possible mass migration. The study then examines the roles of South Korea, China, the U.S., Japan, and Russia in the future of the Korean peninsula; it concludes with a further consideration of the paradox of collapse planning, but argues that it would be better to run the risks entailed in the exercise than to be caught flatfooted when a collapse occurs. The analysis is based on interviews, surveys, and documents in English and Korean.text