Дисертації з теми "Migrant communities"
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1
Herr, Sarah Alice. "The organization of migrant communities on a Pueblo frontier." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288985.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Mogollon Rim Region of the eleventh and twelfth centuries presents a contradiction to those who study it. Population reconstructions demonstrate low populations, but the region, situated on the far southwestern edge of the puebloan world, is overbuilt with a form of community integrative architecture called the "great kiva." Situated outside the areas of Southwest archaeology's strong organizations, the region is considered one of archaeology's "weak patterns." "Weak patterns" indicate a lack of normative behavior and are associated with patterns of expediency, diversity, and mobility, and identify regions with alternative forms of social organization, including frontiers. The frontier can be understood as both a "place" and a "process." This definition provides an analytic bridge between weakly patterned behavioral manifestations and sociopolitical interpretations of areas beyond and between archaeology's strong patterns. It also clarifies the implications of the coincidence of the processes migration, integrative architecture, and situations of low population density. In this dissertation, ethnographic and historical accounts are used to develop a model of the frontier. The frontier situation has an effect on the organization of households and communities. Understanding the relationships of households and communities is a means of reconstructing the social and political organization of a region. The frontier model is operationalized by deriving expectations for household and community production, distribution, transmission, reproduction, and coresidence. Data from five excavated Mogollon Rim region great kiva sites: Cothrun's Kiva Site, Hough's Great Kiva Site, AZ P:16:160(ASM), Tla Kii Pueblo, and Carter Ranch Pueblo, four management projects, and over 20 surveys provide information about household and community production, distribution, transmission, reproduction, and coresidence. These data are then used to reconstruct the sociopolitical organization of the region as a frontier. Comparison of the material culture of the Mogollon Rim region to that of the three contemporaneous regional organizations of Chaco, Mimbres, and Hohokam suggests that the Mogollon Rim region was a frontier to the Chacoan organization. This application of a frontier model suggests that is possible to use ethnographic and historical information to construct models that integrate regions of weak patterns and temporary social formations into models of social and political organization.
2
Torre, Andreea Raluca. "Migrant lives : a comparative study of work, family and belonging among low-wage Romanian migrant workers in Rome and London." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/693/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Framed within the context of growing economic changes generated by globalisation in Europe and of the transition towards an increasingly service-based economy and therefore labour market restructuring, the present study investigates the intersecting lived experiences of work, family and belonging of intra-European migrant workers and their families in Rome and London. In particular the comparative examination focuses on the dynamics of mobility and work which Romanian women and men are embedded in and enact within the transnational geo-political space of the enlarged EU, as well as on the mechanisms and processes influencing their transnational mobilities. The analysis, based on a longitudinal multi-sited fieldwork conducted in two European locations – Rome and London - develops within three key institutional sites of migration: labour market, family and “community”/belonging. Within each of these, a specific process of migration is then explored: access to and participation in the labour market, transnational family formation and activities, formation and meanings of belonging/“community” in the two cities. The overall aim is to compare and provide an in-depth account of the various dimensions of Romanian migrants’ experiences in the context of different national and supranational policies, labour market realities, and socio-cultural institutions. Furthermore, the in-depth exploration, which combines narrative interviews and participant observation, provides empirically grounded insights into the existence of variables such as nationality, gender, class, historical experiences and long term individual or collective/family goals, which, together with social and immigration policies, labour market demands, work permit systems, and new geo-political openings of the European Union, are involved in and effectively influence migratory and settlement decisions and practices. As such, the study provides a valuable contribution to the empirical and theoretical advancement of studies on transnationalism in the current evolving space of the EU.
3
Peterson, Diane Michelle 1960. "The Arab Gulf: Indicators of economic dependence on migrant communities." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291485.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Following the 1973 rise in the price of oil, the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations of the Middle East became hosts to hundreds of thousands of foreign workers taking part in the economic development of the region. From the beginning, the employment of migrant workers was seen as a temporary measure, necessary to compensate for the small indigenous populations in the Gulf. The numbers of foreign workers has become so great, that the migrants now constitute a majority of the population in several of the GCC countries. The relative permanence with which foreign workers have now established themselves is of great concern to the host governments. It appears that the insufficient skill-levels and sizes of the national workforces, together with the position the extensive and growing migrant communities hold in the growing Gulf economies point to the continued presence of large foreign populations for some time to come.
4
Phillipo, Mark William. "Romans overseas : Roman and Italian migrant communities in the Mediterranean world." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4508.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this thesis, I characterise the Roman republican diaspora in the western Mediterranean, on the basis of the various activities which prompted the migration of individuals from Italy. The intention of my discussion is to examine the connection between republican imperialism and the generally obscure individuals who were the actual participants in empire. This is partly a response to Brunt's Italian Manpower, in so far as Brunt's minimalist calculation of the population of the diaspora discouraged subsequent research on the subject. To accomplish this, I have relied principally on the available literary references as the foundation of a thematic analysis of the diaspora, considering migration of those in the military or associated with it, as well as those involved in various categories of commercial activity. The settlement of former soldiers was frequently connected with the re-organisation of overseas communities by Roman generals. Commercial activity was examined with reference to a general model for trade in the late republic, which emphasises the role of agents acting on behalf of wealthier individuals in Italy. I also considered more general characteristics of the diaspora. Firstly, I have proposed a maximum population for the diaspora at the end of the republic of 170,000. Secondly, I have proposed that communities of the diaspora were organising themselves into conventus by the 70s BC. Finally, I have suggested that the social and economic networks of the diaspora can be modelled in terms of a network of bilateral connections between communities, though with particularly strong connections to Rome.
5
Cadier, Linda M. "Exploring translocality : negotiating space through the language practices of migrant communities." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/367079/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis aims to explore the spaces created by migrant communities as they make their place in a new homeland. Theoretically conceived of as translocality, these place-making practices are constructed through vibrant relationships between countries, mainly across national orders. I set out to understand the impact of the global on the local in these negotiations between and within migrant groups and the receiving population through the lens of language practices. Previous studies of translocality have focussed on larger, global cities and this research aims to shed some light on the phenomenon in the super-diverse urban environment of a smaller city. A migrant’s first encounter with a dominant institution in the host country is often in the health domain. My case study is located in a hospital maternity department where large numbers of migrants require language support and is considered to offer a rich site of translocal interactions. I use a qualitative ethnographic methodology and interpretation through induction from contextualised subjective data and a theme-oriented discourse data analysis. This approach is suitable for a study, which requires an understanding of how individuals and groups perceive and construct their worlds, difference, agency and power relations. My findings reveal the control of languages by local governance framed by dominant monolingualism. The reality of in situ multilingualism of the interpreters and patients accessing healthcare in the city is challenging this monolingual dominance. I suggest the vertical top-down to grass roots relationship of the control of languages is becoming increasingly non-hierarchical as the hospital responds to this linguistic reality. The light shed on the negotiation of translocality may inform effective professional practice in the health domain. This knowledge can be of use to other public sectors, language policy makers and planners that engage with members of migrant communities.
6
Hester, Rebecca J. "Embodied politics : health promotion in indigenous Mexican migrant communities in California /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2009. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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7
Wijaya, Stevanus Wisnu. "Empowerment in online communities: An investigation of Indonesian migrant domestic workers." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/97688/1/Stevanus%20Wisnu_Wijaya_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to develop a model of migrant domestic workers’ empowerment processes in online communities. Adopting a virtual ethnographic approach, this research gathered data from online observations and interview. Data was analysed using qualitative content analyses. The findings show that migrant domestic workers’ empowerment in online communities takes the form of online practices and their related outcomes which enhance the capabilities of migrant domestic workers to reach common welfare agenda. The model is unique in term of demonstrating a clear relationship between online practices and their related outcomes at individual and community level.
8
Lohmeier, Christine. "Migrant communication : Cuban-Americans and the media in Miami, FL." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2698/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis examines an exile community’s relation to media. In particular, it focuses on the case of the Cuban-American community and English- as well as Spanish-language media based in Miami, FL. Following the revolution under Fidel Castro in 1959, Miami developed into the capital of the Cuban exile. Over the past decades, the Cuban-American community formed a nucleus which attracted further migration from South America and the Caribbean. The incoming migrants contributed to turning Miami into a flourishing economic urban space. Furthermore, the Cuban-American community was a vital player in creating a vibrant media scene. This thesis is situated in the context of ongoing debates on diasporic communities, notions of exile and liminality and theories addressing the tensions between the local, the national and the transnational. Empirical data for this project has been gathered in three periods of field work in 2006, 2007 and 2008. Journalists, media executives and active members of the Cuban-American community were targeted as key informants in the field. This thesis argues that the locale of a migrant community is of as much significance as national and transnational ambitions. The tensions between and imbrications of the local, national and transnational are evident in the media’s content, aim and scope. By mapping Miami as a place and social space, relations between the Cuban-American and other communities are discussed in detail. The heart of the thesis contains an in-depth analysis of the different media, i.e. the press, radio, television, and the internet. The chapters explore how these media have interacted with early Cuban migrants as well as their relationship to the Cuban-American community today. The findings point towards diverse and complex patterns. Time of migration, cultural background and age are significant factors on an individual’s approach to certain media. In turn, some media outlets clearly cater for specific segments of the community. A key point is that the media’s role in relation to the Cuban-American community is a balance act of local, national and transnational remits. The research contributes to debates on media, migration and communication research. It is the first comprehensive study of the Cuban-American community and their relationship to Miami-based media. Secondly, it takes a holistic view of the broader media ecology. The analysis is informed by the wider historical context. It encompasses detailed analysis of a variety of media and how these are interlinked. Moreover, this thesis employs an innovative research methodology in that it takes an etic, non-mediacentric approach to researching the media of a diasporic group.
9
Baynham, M. J. "Narrative and narrativity in the English of a first generation migrant community." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234427.
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10
McDermott, Philip. "A collctive analysis of migrant language communities in Northern Ireland and their needs." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529471.
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11
Bouanchaud, Paul Alexandre. "Male sex work in China : understanding the HIV risk environments of Shenzhen's migrant money boys." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1065/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study contributes to our understanding of the social organisation and lived experience of men in China’s sex industry. It employs a social epidemiological model to analyse the multiple levels of influence on HIV (and other non-HIV) risks to which this highly marginalised group are exposed. It highlights the complex interrelations between different factors influencing the lives of male and transgender sex workers (MSW) in China. It is the first mixed methods study of its kind in the Chinese MSW context. The thesis analyses data collected during five months of fieldwork in Shenzhen, China. Working through a community-based MSW organisation, a participatory approach was taken to study design and data collection. Community advisory boards were organised and used to develop and test study instruments. A structured survey was undertaken with MSW (n=251), with a sub-sample purposely selected for semistructured interviews (n=21). Key informant interviews were conducted with representatives from local and international organisations (n=5). Multiple linear and binary logistic regressions were used for quantitative data analyses, while qualitative data were coded thematically. Both data types are given equal weight throughout the analysis. The thesis demonstrates how China’s recent macro-level social and economic changes, characterised here through the microcosm of life in the city of Shenzhen, interact with the lived experiences of the men in the study, driving their rural-urban migration and contributing to their entry into sex work. The phrase “laugh at poverty, not at prostitution” was used by many of the respondents to explain their decision to sell sex, but this apparently simple idiom belies a more complex reality in which economic factors intersect with social networks, sexual orientation and an escalation in the provision of sexual services. Sex work careers are represented as providing both opportunities (for escaping poverty, expressing sexual identity, and accessing cosmopolitan lifestyles), as well as risks. Risk, understood as a socially constructed phenomenon, refers not only to HIV transmission, but also violence from clients, control by mami (pimps), and entrapment and arrest by the police. Multiple risks and opportunities arise through a range of social and professional interactions between the different actors involved in the industry, necessitating their dynamic management by the MSW. Sex work, HIV and homosexuality alongside migrant identities are highly stigmatised in China, and the active management of these intersecting identities, in part through their sexual practices, allows the MSW in this study to continue in their work without ‘losing face’. The MSW have complex sexual networks of male and female, paid and paying, and non-commercial partners. In exploring their partner concurrency, this complexity is examined, through the lenses of stigma and identity. Local, emic understandings of ‘safe sex’ indicate that while levels of HIV fear are substantial among the MSW, and condom use is commonly discussed, safety and hygiene are frequently conflated, and both are associated with HIV-avoidance. Hygiene, through showering and general cleanliness, is considered an important part of ‘safe sex’ for this group, but also emerges as a metaphor employed to counter the perceived dirtiness of selling sex for some of the MSW. The findings highlight the complexities involved in selling sex for these men. They must actively negotiate their work, risks and identities, while also being subject to unequal power relations and forces largely beyond their control. This thesis aims to present a nuanced account of these dynamic processes.
12
Cross, Hannah Morgan. "West African labour mobility and EU borders : migrant communities in Senegal, Mauritania and Spain." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540785.
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13
Fitzgerald, David Scott. "A nation of emigrants? statecraft, church-building, and nationalism in Mexican migrant source communities /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=990295561&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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14
Calvert, Robert [Verfasser]. "Pilgrims in the Port : The Identity of Migrant Christian Communities in Rotterdam / Robert Calvert." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202695221/34.
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15
Marais, Frederick. "Participatory public health research : a multi-method community-based study of TB in migrant African communities." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7337.
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16
Shah, Ami V. "The Urban Living Room : Space and Identity amongst Migrant Communities in Ibadan, Nigeria, and Ahmedabad, India." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504034.
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17
Hsu, Tzu Ting. "The reimagined migrant portrait - exploring the lives of Chinese and Taiwanese minorities living in South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31251.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This multimedia project explores the lives of Chinese and Taiwanese migrants living in South Africa and how language, culture, community and marginalisation have come to shape their identities and to visually represent them in a way that is not prevalent in mainstream media. It uses two visual mediums – photography and video interviews – to understand these migrants’ experiences, how they perceive themselves and how they think society perceives them. Data analysis consisted of a process of coding the video interviews and structural analysis of the visuals. Rising worldwide migration has simultaneously increased the spread of diasporic communities. China’s positionality as an economic powerhouse and the influx of East Asian migrants to South Africa in recent years has shone a light on this minority population group. However, much of what is known about them tends to be through forms of mass media which perpetuates stereotypical representations. This paper draws on various literature including acculturation, diasporic communities, representation, languaging and xenophobia to explore the lives of East Asian migrants living in South Africa and search for more empowered forms of representation.
18
Harrington-Watt, Kathleen. "Vernacular Photographs as Privileged Objects:The Social Relationships of Photographs in the Homes of Gujarati/New Zealanders." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6208.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Photographs traverse the world in many forms and for many purposes. They follow and trace movements and networks of people, and have become essential objects in linking the past, present, and future of migrating communities. Vernacular photographs found in the home, encompass a substantial field of neglected knowledge and should be accorded greater attention and analysis in social science research. Vernacular images in academic research are often described as ordinary and mundane, their representational aspects are perceived to be repetitive and unremarkable (portraits, family snapshots etc.). However, this thesis argues that vernacular photographs are privileged objects and it is their universality and social embeddedness that elevates their significance in social science research. Unlike public or institutionalised photographic archives, vernacular archives operate within active social contexts and are alive with social agency. In this thesis, I use Alfred Gell’s anthropological theory of Art and Agency as the framework for conceptualising the social agency of photographs. To support these claims, this research examines the personal photographs found in the vernacular archives of a Gujarati migrant group in Christchurch, New Zealand. The photographs presented by members of this group are found at the centre of their social lives, mirroring their experiences and relationships in visual form. I use the Chakra Wheel as a visual metaphor to symbolise the nature of this group and their photographs. This metaphor speaks directly to the phenomenon of transnationalism and acknowledges that, for migrant communities, these transitioning processes are complex and elaborate, where the foundations of kinship and homemaking are constantly shifting. Vernacular photographs are at the centre of these transnational exchanges and networks, shifting from place to place, creating tangible and virtual threads between individuals, families, villages, and communities. They anchor these relationships at various sites, such as the wall in the family home, in albums, wallets, and on the internet. Vernacular photographs mirror these complex processes, and silently record and embody the social lives of people in a visual way.
The mirrored reflection of the vernacular photograph can be both objective and subjective. By using the vernacular photograph as a research medium, in ethnographic research, we can get closer to the lived reality of people’s social lives. To emphasise the privileged position of vernacular photographs, I have chosen to use the methodology of photo-elicitation to position the photograph at the centre of enquiry. The methodology used in this thesis borrows some essential concepts from the discipline of phototherapy. Phototherapy claims that photographs can open up an exploration of us and others and, when the participant has primary agency, the affective force of the photograph is powerful and insightful. This thesis strongly supports these assumptions. Phototherapy uses photographs to explore the thoughts and unconscious processes of individuals. I argue that, in social research, photographs can also be used to explore and ‘open up’ the social world, by positioning the participant as the prime authority of their images, and their images as the vehicle of engagement and communication. By using vernacular photographs in this way, I look at both ‘on the surface’ and ‘below the surface’ of the image, making links with Barthes’ photographic theory and his concepts of ‘studium’ and ‘punctum’. In this thesis, the participants are the curators of their own personal archives. Their photographs give an emic view of their world, emphasising the importance of their migrant history, ancestors, village home, community, and cultural identity. Their photographs mediate agency between persons and places: keeping alive personal and spiritual relationships in the here and now; reinforcing essential familial knowledge systems; and assisting in creating and maintaining community identity and belonging.
19
Ali, Nafhesa Rosy. "Exploring older South Asian migrant (SAM) women's experiences of old age and ageing." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2015. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26609/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis aims to explore how older (60-87 years) South Asian migrant (SAM) women anticipate and approach old age and ageing experiences across the life course. It draws attention to the ways in which older SAM women construct and (re)negotiate gendered roles across the intersections of gender, ethnicity and age in order to sustain quality of life. In addition to subjective experiences of the life course, this thesis examines how older SAM women (re)negotiate collective cultural identities in the place of migration and settlement. A qualitative feminist constructionist approach, utilising a transnational life course perspective, has guided the theoretical underpinnings for this research. Moreover, a two-part method has been used, presenting a multi-sited ethnography and life course interviews. Data elicited from the study included ethnographic observations, an ethnographic interview, a reflexive research and observation diary and 16 in-depth life course interviews. The study analysed data using thematic analysis and elicited themes via a thematic analysis network. In this research, key findings reveal that older SAM women’s experiences of age and ageing intersect with gender roles, responsibilities and obligations that are in turn influenced by positions of authority across the matriarchal hierarchy. Gendered roles, such as, the daughter, wife, becoming a daughter-in-law and mother, mother-in-law and older woman are influenced by cultural values and norms overlaid by patriarchal ideologies. Furthermore, thematic readings show that older SAM women construct, (re)negotiate and access cultural identities in the place of migration through culturally prescribed scripts themed around gender, family and a migrant identity in order to publically display and sustain loyalties to a past homeland, across the life course. Methodological findings indicate that in order to produce ethical research it is important to recognise the spaces in which the researcher and participant negotiate boundaries, as the researcher’s identity does effect the research process. Recommendations from this research suggest that in order to gain a better understanding of older SAM women’s experiences of old age and ageing, a multi-dimensional theoretical approach to age is required. Moreover, this approach needs to take into account the fluid and overlapping constructs of transcultural, transnational and translocational positionalities which additionally embrace insider/outsider binaries.
20
Goddard, Nathaniel L. "Bird Communities of Isolated Cypress Wetlands Along an Urban Gradient in Hillsborough County, Florida." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1643.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Migratory bird communities are sensitive to landscape alteration. Urban development significantly impacts bird communities on breeding grounds, as well as en-route during migration. One current theory is that Neotropical migratory birds are not limited by breeding or wintering habitat constraints but by food and habitat availability along major migration routes. The eastern flyway is the route taken by neotropical land-birds through eastern North America that follows coastal areas denoted by intense urban development. Coastal areas funnel birds to major departure points along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico and the western coast of Florida.
Birds were monitored for 12 consecutive months along a decadal time gradient of urban development. Cypress domes are present through a broad scale of urban development in Hillsborough County creating ideal natural sampling units for long term monitoring of wetland bird communities in urban areas. Residential non-migratory bird communities were least influenced by development and did not change significantly with urban development. Neotropical and short-distance migratory birds, however, declined significantly for both richness and bird abundance with increased urban land cover. Migratory birds positively correlated with forested area at a spatial scale of 500 meters surrounding sites. Wintering migrants hit a critical point in development between 10 and 20 years of age, after which they disappeared. Neotropical migrants were most sensitive to declines significantly at sites classified as heavily degraded by the UMAM (Uniform Mitigation Assessment Method) a 'wetland integrity index'.
21
McKnight, Amy Jane. "Migrant identities in revolutionary Paris : Savoyard stereotypes and experiences of a changing environment." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2576/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
David Garrioch estimates that in 1789 two thirds of the Parisian population came from other parts of France, yet historians have shown comparatively little interest in how these migrants interacted with the wider Parisian population and the Parisian authorities during the revolutionary period. Migrants were drawn to Paris in search of work opportunities that were unavailable in their own province, or to support their families during the hiatus in the agricultural season or during periods of economic crisis. Using a wide range of source material this thesis explores the experiences of migrants from a variety of French provinces and from Savoy, exploring the different types of migration and the ‘push and pull’ factors behind a move to Paris. It will examine the ‘failed migration experience’ and the challenges faced by migrants on their journey to Paris and in the first few weeks and months of settling in and finding work and accommodation in Paris. Factors behind a successful migrant experience will also be considered, highlighting the importance of the migrant network in Paris and in the provinces in helping the newly arrived migrant become established through the provision of work and accommodation. The thesis will show how provincial and foreign migrants were portrayed in cultural source material from the late Seventeenth to the Nineteenth century. An investigation into contemporary accounts of the personality, physical appearance, family life and work habits of migrants will illustrate how common stereotypes like the ‘petit ramoneur Savoyard’, the ‘Paysan Perverti(e)’ and the ‘vagrant’ were constructed, making migrants stand out from the wider Parisian population. The case study of Fanchon la Vielleuse shows the interaction between cultural and historical representations of migrants and how these could become embedded in the popular mindset. These stereotypes will be a continuing theme throughout the thesis and will provide a context in which it is possible to understand the attitudes of the wider population and the authorities towards migrants. In using police and judicial records from the pre-revolution and revolutionary periods it is possible to compare and contrast such stereotypes with the genuine migrant experience. The thesis will explore the attitudes of the Parisian authorities towards these migrants in the discourses on crime and public safety, charity and poor relief, and the debate on nation, citizenship and identity, tracing both changes and continuities in their approach from the Ancien Regime to the Revolution. It aims to uncover how the Revolution impacted on migration traditions and how migrants responded to this monumental series of events, including an analysis of migrant agendas and their understanding of and response to the Revolution and the changing judicial process. This provokes an examination of the relevance of the Revolution to the ordinary migrant in Paris. Was this a step towards the realisation of a French Nation at the expense of multiple regional identities, or did migrants remain unconvinced by this collective identity?
22
Nitsche, Stefanie. "Law and rights in the lives of undocumented migrant women in the UK." Thesis, University of Essex, 2018. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/22937/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The British state has introduced increasingly restrictive immigration legislation in recent years, as part of an effort to create a hostile environment for undocumented migrants. For instance, the 2014 and 2016 Immigration Acts further criminalise working without papers, renting property, and driving as an undocumented migrant, in addition to restricting access to health care. Restrictive legislation has not, however, managed to deal with irregular migration, but increases breaches of immigration law. Instead of lowering net immigration, these new restrictions simply limit access to rights, and create vulnerability among undocumented migrants, which is experienced differently by men and women. Women without official immigration status mostly work and live in the domestic sphere, which can offer protection from the state. However, undocumented migrant women often experience domestic violence and work in exploitative settings, which are difficult to challenge, due to the fear of deportation and lack of access to support networks located in the public sphere. The question arises how undocumented migrant women perceive and learn about their rights while being confined to the private sphere. As little is known about the lives of undocumented migrant women in the UK, this thesis explores the role that rights and the law play in their lives. I draw on interview data, participant observation in migrants’ rights organisations, and sample applications to regularise immigration status based on human rights law, in order to investigate how undocumented migrant women perceive and relate to the law, how it structures their everyday lives, and the mechanisms they develop for survival. I analyse how the few existing rights that undocumented migrant women can claim are stratified and thus difficult to access. To claim rights, the women need free legal representation, which they find in community migrant support organisations that play a crucial role in actualising rights.
23
Dapaah, Elizabeth Koryoo. "Water access and governance among indigenous and migrant low income communities in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA), Ghana." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50922.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Access to potable water remains a key concern for most developing countries, especially across the sub-Saharan African sub-region. Although countries such as Ghana have already declared success in attaining its MDG target of halving its population without access to potable water ahead of the 2015 target date, there are disparities in water access across the country. This disparity is notable in growing urban areas such as Accra, the national capital, where access to potable water remains a daunting challenge especially for many neighborhoods located in low income enclaves of the city.
Adopting a comparative approach, this research aims to elicit the everyday accessibility options and coping strategies of two low income neighborhoods; one indigenous (Ga Mashie) and one migrant (Madina), located in the metropolitan region of Accra. The study uses data from a two and half months of fieldwork conducted in both communities in Accra, Ghana. It includes a survey of 200 households in Ga Mashie and Madina, group discussions, and semi-structured interviews with local community leaders. Drawing on concepts of entitlement, social capital, vulnerability and water governance, the study analyzes the everyday lived experiences of water access in these communities.
Results of the study show that while there are qualitative differences in water access between both communities, they both rely on informal water vendors for their water supply. Also, among the many social problems in both communities, water was considered to be among their biggest concerns. However, this notion held by the respondents in both communities was not shared by local public officials in Ga Mashie, where officials discounted the existence of a water problem. Moreover, in some notable ways, Madina appears to be more resilient in times of water shortages than Ga Mashie, contrary to what this study initially hypothesized. In conclusion, this study suggests that care must be taken in proposals for water governance reforms in particular settings since different localities likely call for different responses. For a sustainable governance outcome, there is the need to promote models that tend to account for the roles and needs of different social groups at the local level.Science, Faculty of
Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for
Graduate
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Oliveira, Bruna Paixão de. "Resilience and vulnerability : an overview of brazilian and cabo verdean migrant communities in Portugal during the covid-19 pandemic." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20865.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação InternacionalResiliência é a capacidade de um indivíduo, uma comunidade, uma sociedade ou um sistema de recuperar-se de uma situação adversa. Vulnerabilidade é sensibilidade ou suscetibilidade a riscos e danos. Com base nesses conceitos, estudou-se as populações migrantes brasileiras e cabo-verdianas que estão a residir em Portugal e como elas foram impactadas pela crise pandêmica do COVID-19. Partindo da hipótese que os migrantes estão entre os grupos sociais mais vulneráveis à perda de oportunidades econômicas, despejo e falta de moradia, além da estigmatização e exclusão de serviços essenciais, o presente trabalho procura averiguar, à luz dos estudos de resiliência e vulnerabilidade, como é que os imigrantes que residem em Portugal, particularmente as comunidades brasileira e cabo-verdiana, vivenciaram a crise associada à epidemia de COVID-19 e ao confinamento. Nesta pesquisa, a abordagem quantitativa é predominante, mas são igualmente utilizadas algumas técnicas qualitativas. Conclui-se que os fatores de vulnerabilidade se sobrepõem aos fatores de resiliência no conjunto das duas amostras populacionais estudadas, corroborando o que a literatura acadêmica e os organismos internacionais têm ressaltado no que tange à vulnerabilidade dos migrantes em múltiplos domínios.
Resilience is the ability of an individual, a community, a society or a system to recover from an adverse situation. Vulnerability is the sensitivity or susceptibility to risk and damage. Based on these concepts, we studied the Brazilian and Cabo Verdean migrant populations that are residing in Portugal and how they were impacted by the COVID-19 outbreak. The hypothesis of this study is that migrants are part of the social group that is most vulnerable to the loss of economic opportunities, eviction, homelessness and, consequently, to the stigmatization and exclusion from essential public services. Therefore, this research aims to identify, in the light of resilience and vulnerability's literature, how immigrants living in Portugal, particularly the Brazilian and Cabo Verdean communities, experienced the crisis associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown. With regards to research methods, the quantitative approach is predominant, but some qualitative techniques are also used. It is concluded that the vulnerability factors overlap the resilience factors in the set of the two population samples studied, corroborating what the academic literature and international organizations have emphasized regarding the vulnerability of migrants in multiple domains.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Rozali, Eleni Maria. "Host Communities and the Refugee Crisis A Case Study of Kos Island, Greece." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22288.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
During an extraordinary political current event, how does a host community’s reputation change, and how does the media attempt to influence public opinion towards, or away from, such a destination? What is the host community’s perception of and response to these representations? This topical study explores the effects of the media on a refugee host community, through the conceptualization of the host and the discourse of hospitality. Significant to this study is the framing of tourism as a cultural exchange and expression, how hosts and guests view the realm of “place” and boundaries, and the volatility of the tourism industry with regards to communication mediums, socioeconomic and current events. This study acknowledges the gravity of the current refugee crisis, and the refugee and migrant experiences on Kos Island from May 2015 to present, while exploring and attempting to understand a host community’s reality while balancing political and ethical considerations in terms of hospitality towards guests, whether “invited” or “uninvited”, and the related media representations. By applying concepts of hospitality, i.e. accommodating strangers, and the social constructs of hospitality, imagined communities and how these are shaped by the media, I seek to acquire a broader understanding of development communication in terms of the human rights that both communities are entitled to, as opposed to the reality afforded to them. Using media content analysis and qualitative methods, this exploratory study focuses on the case of Kos Island, Greece - one of the main entry points for refugees from Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq - due to the island’s proximity to Turkey. By presenting a media content analysis, I frame how the host community was portrayed in the media to shape public opinion, by pinpointing the frequency and prism under which Kos Island was mentioned in the UK press during the height of the refugee crisis in 2015. I also conduct semi-structured interviews with local and international tourism industry gatekeepers, to uncover effects of the crisis on Kos Island’s tourism industry. This qualitative data is reinforced with a personal ethnographic account from the summer of 2015. I anticipate that the topics surfacing from this discussion allow readers to gain a broader perspective into development communication, through the power relations between hosts and guests/tourists (including refugees and migrants), the importance of public spaces and how they are used by host community and guests (tourists and refugees), and the ethics of hospitality.
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Lessig, Heather. "Species Distribution and Richness Patterns of Bird Communities in the High Elevation Forests of Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35899.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Island biogeography theory predicts that the patterns and distributions of spatially isolated populations are governed by large scale processes. The high elevations forests in the Southern Appalachians represent a series of naturally fragmented islands that harbor many isolated populations of species at the southern limits of their range. Understanding the governing forces of population dynamics in this region will enhance the probability of species persistence in the face of threats such as global warming and human development. We surveyed bird populations across multiple elevations in Virginia and combined this with a multi-scale habitat analysis to determine influences of species presence and species richness. We detected 101 species across the elevation gradient, including 12 species with special conservation status and ten species whose presence increased with increasing elevation. These ten elevation sensitive species responded to habitat variables at both the microhabitat and landscape scale, with species-specific patterns of habitat variable correlation emerging. Habitat type was least effective in predicting species presence for any elevation sensitive species. Species richness declined over the elevation gradient until the highest elevations, where this trend reversed and richness began to increase. This pattern was driven by an increase in short-distance migrants beginning at mid-elevations, which ultimately overpowered a corresponding decrease in long-distance migrants beginning at similar elevations. Habitat analysis linked these patterns to a preference of short-distance migrants for smaller, more isolated non-forested patches, and a historical lack of persistence for long-distance migrants. Conservation and management decisions for the region should focus on a multi-scale approach that preserves all habitat types for continued species presence and high species richness, although the persistence of particular elevation sensitive species is compounded by unique species-habitat relationships and the perception of islands as species-specific. Continued monitoring of these fragmented populations in light of both short- and long-term threats which span multiple scales of influence will maintain high species richness and ensure the persistence of crucial breeding habitat.Master of Science
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Testaî, Patrizia. "From metaphor of slavery to metaphor of freedom : Article 18 and the incorporation of migrant prostitutes into Italian society." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11868/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis is concerned with the debate on 'trafficking in persons' as a new form of slavery. It will explore the concept of slavery both historically and in its links with contemporary migration and connected issues of gender, sexuality, and labour exploitation. Within the contemporary debate on 'trafficking', attention has focused in fact predominantly on migrant women and girls involved in sex work and described as 'victims of trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation'. This thesis will explore the meaning of slavery in such debate. For this purpose, a research study will be carried out in three Italian cities, focusing on the ways in which such terms as 'slavery', 'trafficking in persons', and 'sexual slavery' are understood and applied within social protection programmes for victims of trafficking which, under Article 18 of the immigration law, grant a special residence permit and opportunities for such victims to work and stay permanently in Italy. The study is based on interviews with key actors working in social protection programmes such as judges, NGO workers, social workers, psychologists, lawyers, and police officers, on interviews with migrant women working in the sex industry and women using protection programmes, and on the analysis of parliamentary speeches and press articles. It will seek to critically assess the validity of 'new slavery' - as 'trafficking' is usually understood - as an expression to understand problems related to contemporary exploitative labour practices within the context of global poverty, dislocation of capital and labour, and restrictive immigration regimes. It will focus on the gender, 'racial', and sexuality aspects of anti-trafficking policies in Italy and how they get linked to citizenship within the socio-legal process enacted by Article 18 of the Italian immigration law. It will finally ask what kind of citizenship is granted to subjects who have been Otherised as 'slaves' on the basis of their gender and sexuality and who, through a postcolonial process of discipline and social control, are incorporated into the Italian society via their 'domestication' within 'proper' sexual, gender, and labour roles (i.e. as domestic workers in Italian families or as wives).
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Rios, Bernardo Ramirez. "Culture, Migration, and Sport: A Bi-National Investigation of Southern Mexican Migrant Communities in Oaxaca, Mexico and Los Angeles, California." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338140496.
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He, Fan. "Assessing the contribution of social capital to the inclusion of rural migrant workers within urban communities in Shandong Province, China." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/58b84da0-d0f9-4c48-8eae-a36bc81435fc/1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study provides new insights into social capital theory based on an analysis of the rational strain of social capital theory as integrated in research into private companies and the Marxist strain of social capital theory as integrated into the research of state owned enterprises (SOEs) under the Chinese political economic system. Institutional and organizational factors and interactions between people in state owned enterprises and private companies have been shown to affect individuals’ social capital. A primary objective of this thesis was to study the impact of social capital in different types of companies on the inclusion of rural migrant workers within urban communities. A case study approach has been used with data gathered in Zoucheng city and Rizhao city in Shandong Province, where one large SOE and four private companies are located. The study revealed that social capital in private companies acts on the premise of mutual benefit and reciprocity. The study analysed the reasons why private companies had an inclusive environment which provided equal opportunities and career progression for rural migrant workers. Employees in state owned enterprises are seen to be less efficient than those in private companies – the causes have been analysed. Barriers to entry to state owned enterprises are also seen to be higher for rural migrant workers. Snyder’s Hope Theory has been applied, for the first time, in the context of social capital, to examine employees’ social capital with respect to their hopes for career progression in both the SOE and private companies. The empirical results demonstrate that a closer relationship between employers and employees creates more social capital and cohesion within private companies compared with state owned enterprises and contributes to employees’ aspirations for career progression, as well as indicating that potentially good career progression for employees depends on an effective social structure in companies which contributes to the improvement of “weak ties”. The norm of reciprocity such as “home culture” in private companies motivates employees to expend effort to achieve their goals and develop their aspirations. This norm of reciprocity in private companies could be viewed as propitious to the solution of the problems of collective actions and in further improving the economic and political performance of society. Thus, it is considered advisable for national macroeconomic policy to encourage the development of companies that possess this kindof social capital to which the less hierarchical management system has contributed, as well as a close relationship between leaders and their employees (for example linking social capital), cohesive staff networks promoted by the company leaders and a corporate culture of reciprocity as the norm. In addition, the increase in educational attainment of people from rural areas could aid them in independently seeking employment in urban society. College graduates from the countryside gain easier access to heterogeneous connections within companies. With an improvement in educational attainment, rural workers, especially those with junior college educational accreditation, such as that obtained from a vocational technical college, were found by the research to be most urbanised. Enhancing vocational skills training and cultivating skilful workers helps improve relations and mutual trust within companies, which further assists rural migrant workers’ work performance and inclusion within urban society.
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Ranasinghe, Kethakie Piyumi. "Migrant identities and culture : the second-generation Sri Lankan experience in the Sultanate of Oman." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6001/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis sets out to examine key aspects of the identity formation of the second-generation of Sri Lankan professional expatriate community in Oman. Brought up in a multicultural environment, the respondents of the current study live in a contradiction in terms of their identity. Sri Lankan youths found themselves excluded from both cultures. They found themselves challenging the stereotypes produced by the mainstream society within which they lived, while also demanding freedom from the taboos and customs followed by their parents. Therefore, the thesis sets out to discover the sense of in between-ness felt by the second-generation respondents that was generated through their encounters with family and multicultural society they inhabited. Although a myriad of variables are known to influence an individual’s identity, the current study focuses on the following factors, identified here as having an impact on second-generation migrant identity formation: the complex nature of migration, the resulting cultural encounters and intergenerational tensions that play a role in shaping and framing of migrant youth identities. The study discusses media exposure, in the form of international satellite TV programming in the Middle East, and its possible impacts on migrant identity formation. The study moves from a media-centric view of social development to a more society-centred view in which media are one part of a matrix of migrant youth identity formation. The findings on identity formation of this research are further explored by examining the two main types of identity: hybrid and cosmopolitan, identified within the research as pertinent in understanding the second generation of Sri Lankan youths’ identity formation. By exploring the intergenerational tensions and the occurrence of in between-ness in identities among second-generation of the Sri Lankan professional expatriates in Oman, it is the aim of this research to add to the general understanding of the dynamics integral to the process of identity construction of migrant youths.
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Pylypa, Jennifer Jean 1969. "Self-care and self-medication practices in two California Mexican communities: Migrant farm worker families and border residents in San Diego County." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278600.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although medical anthropologists have recently taken up the study of medication use in both developing and developed nations, the medication practices of immigrants remain unstudied. The current research reports on self-medication practices among two California Mexican immigrant communities: immigrant families living along the California-Mexico border, and migrant farm worker families residing in illegal encampments and substandard housing in San Diego's North County. Medication and health seeking practices are found to be influenced by both political-economic forces, and the sociocultural context in which California Mexicans live. The U.S.-Mexico border area is considered as a special context for self-medication, since it permits border-crossing into Tijuana for the purpose of buying Mexican pharmaceuticals at low cost without a prescription. The popularity of injections and the cross-border purchasing of injectable antibiotics and vitamins are discussed as a case study.
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McClean, Tracey. "An exploration into the professional and personal challenges facing migrant and overseas generalist Registered Nurses working and living in two small island communities." Thesis, University of Bath, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.690739.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: The recruitment and retention of Registered Nurses (RNs) in Guernsey and Alderney has been a continual challenge over the years. Whilst measures have been put in place to address the problem, these solutions have had little sustained impact on the problem. The current vacancy rate is double that being experienced by National Health Service (NHS) Trusts outside of the London area. This study proposed to explore the recruitment and retention problem in a more holistic way by capturing the experiences of RNs who are working within the Islands. Study aim: To explore the professional and personal challenges facing generalist RNs working and living in two small island communities. Methodology: An experience-centred narrative research methodology was used to explore the experiences of 20 newly appointed RNs and 15 long-serving RNs. The data consisted of 35 ‘stories’ which were captured through the use of semi-structured interviews, written accounts and visual media. The data was analysed using a critical hermeneutic approach. Results: Sixteen themes were identified and aligned with the conceptual framework underpinning the study. The stories of the participants were used to develop a model to demonstrate the acculturation process they were experiencing. Conclusions: It was recognised that all new recruits undergo a process of acculturation when they take up employment in the Islands. The study demonstrated that the process of acculturation was a continual journey and that the longer-serving participants were also undergoing a process of adjustment to the on-going cultural changes taking place in the organisation. The research highlighted that this acculturation process was influenced by multiple inter-connected factors which contributed to the challenges perceived by the participants. Whilst these factors had some commonality with those identified in the literature, the specific nature of the issues raised by the participants in this study were context dependent.
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Bradley, Bethany Waterhouse. "Incorporating the needs of ethnic minority and migrant communities in the policy process in Northern Ireland through the consultation of voluntary and community organisations." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558835.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There has been a shift from top-down decision-making in many European countries in recent decades and a movement towards inclusive policy development. This is a key issue with regards to ethnic minority and migrant groups, who often experience poverty, social exclusion, and lower rates of participation in the political process. Almond and Verba (1963) found that the voluntary and community sector (VeS) plays a crucial intermediary role in political engagement. This method of political incorporation has been adopted by many Western democracies, and in the United Kingdom, policy towards the ves recognises the role of the sector in policy development. This research uses an evidence base from Northern Ireland to assess the efficacy of consulting the ves on behalf of ethnic minorities and migrants in policy development. Findings from interviews and document analysis in Northern Ireland showed that there are significant efforts made to engage ethnic minority and migrant groups in the policy process, and that the majority of this is done through the VCS. There are positives in this process, and examples of best practice do exist. However there is little evidence that the consultation process has been successful in reflecting the 'voice' of ethnic minorities in policy-making, particularly in the stages of implementation and monitoring. Borne out of Hooghe (2005)'s application of the Amsterdam model of political opportunity structure to ethnic minority movements, this thesis identifies four key factors which impact on the efficacy of the consultation process in representing the interests of ethnic minority and migrant groups in decision-making: the process of consultation; the systems and structures in which consultation takes place; the capacity and resources of stakeholders; and relationships between stakeholders. It argues that for this method to be effective, potential obstacles in each of these elements must be addressed.
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Tseligka, Eleni. "From Gastarbeiter to European expatriates : Greek migrant communities in Germany and their socio-political integration before and after 1992 Maastricht Treaty on European Union." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2018. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/4116/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This interdisciplinary thesis compares two different intra-European immigration policies and regimes regarding the Greek migrant communities of Germany; that of the guest-worker recruitment, a result of international bilateral agreements between West Germany and Greece, and that of European expatriation, a bloc actor policy that transformed the previous migratory framework and its results immensely. The former policy was very popular during the years of European Unification and the pre-Maastricht era of European integration, while the latter became the norm in the post-Maastricht era of Europeanisation and the integration of the European Union. By extension, this research engages in the comparison of two different ages of European Unification, via employing interdisciplinary methodological approaches and theoretical frameworks. The empirical examination of the Greek Diaspora and its communities in Germany was instrumental in unearthing the emergent patterns, which demonstrate that the construction of a common European identity, contributed significantly to the socio-political integration of Greeks in the country. In that respect, the processes of Europeanisation and European Integration have demonstrably been decisive in the inclusion and integration of European nationals in their host state, particularly those who migrated under previous regimes, such as that of the Gastarbeiter, which constitutes a paradigm shift. At the same time, this thesis examines the role that the social and cultural background of Greek migrants has played, as a variable of integration. Greeks have a long diasporic history and tradition and are among the very few ethnicities that encompass and demonstrate significant examples of all types of classification concerning Diasporas, as well as non-static diasporic typologies, as in many cases their diasporic communities have undergone multiple transformations within the context of a constantly under-construction collective identity process.
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Goodwin, Laura. "The midwife-woman relationship in a South Wales community : a focused ethnography of the experiences of midwives and migrant Pakistani women in early pregnancy." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/95597/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background In 2014, 27.0% of births in England and Wales were to mothers born outside of the UK. Compared to their white British peers, minority ethnic and migrant women are at a significantly higher risk of maternal and perinatal mortality, along with lower maternity care satisfaction. Although existing literature highlights the importance of midwife-woman relationships in care satisfaction and pregnancy outcomes health professionals report difficulty in providing services to minority ethnic and migrant women. However little research has explored the factors contributing to the midwife-woman relationship for migrant and minority ethnic women. Research Aims To explore relationships between migrant Pakistani women and midwives in South Wales; focusing on the factors contributing to these relationships, and the ways in which these factors might affect women’s experiences of care. Method A focused ethnography in South Wales; semi-structured interviews with 10 migrant Pakistani participants (eight pregnant women, one husband and one mother) and 11 practising midwives, fieldwork in the local migrant Pakistani community and local maternity services, observations of antenatal booking appointments, and longitudinal reviewing of relevant media outputs, such as UK news reports of issues relating to migrant people. Data were analysed concurrently with collection using thematic analysis. Findings The midwife-woman relationship was important for participants’ experiences of care. A number of social and ecological factors influenced this relationship; including family relationships, culture and religion, differing healthcare systems, authoritative knowledge, and communication of information. However, differences were seen between midwives and women in the perceived importance of these themes. Findings therefore suggest that in order to understand how midwife-woman relationships are created and maintained, more needs to be done to recognise and address these differences. Due to the complexity of the relationships between themes a social ecological model of relationships is forwarded as a means of visually capturing the complexity of the findings, as well as potentially shaping midwifery education and clinical midwifery practices. Conclusions and Implications Findings from this study provide new theoretical insights into the complex social and ecological factors at play during maternity care for migrant Pakistani women. These findings can therefore be used to create meaningful dialogue between women and midwives, encourage collaborative learning and knowledge production, and facilitate future midwifery education and research.
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Grey, Charlotte Jane. "Ethnobiology, ethnic cuisines, and provision of health care among Ukrainian and Sikh migrants in Bradford, UK. A comparative study of plant-based food and drink used for maintaining health, tradition and cultural identity amongst Sikh and Ukrainian migrant communities in Bradford." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5396.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Using ethnobotanical, anthropological and social science theory and methods this
work illustrates significance of studying traditional foods and their medicinal qualities
for maintaining health. Set in the background of the communities¿ practises and
rituals specific plant-based items, used by Sikh and Ukrainian migrant communities,
are a central focus to understanding the significance of practises and related
knowledge for maintaining health and the broader concept of ¿well-being¿. Literature
review, participant observation and in-depth interviewing techniques were used to
identify 126 species of plants mentioned. These illustrate what was a primarily
female domain of knowledge now becoming superficial and spread over domains of
both men and women. This study notes convenience in terms of time and transport,
changes in markets in the UK, importation of goods and the use of machinery and
techniques such as freezing, and intervention by healthcare professionals have all
affected the way traditional foods and remedies are perceived and practised. There
are key foods which will remain important for generations to come whilst the domains
are changing. Specific community structures support maintenance of food practises,
including langar within the Sikh community and the regular OAP Ukrainian
lunchtime club and numerous food events where foods with particular religious and
cultural significance are made by at least two generations. These events involve
transmission of knowledge related to foods and their health qualities, including
images of strength as a ¿people¿. By questioning the significance of emic perspectives
healthcare professionals and policymakers could learn much from practises developed
over centuries or millennia.
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Tending, Marie-Laure. "Parcours migratoires et constructions identitaires en contextes francophones. Une lecture sociolinguistique du processus d'intégration de migrants africains en France et en Acadie du Nouveau-Brunswick." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR2014/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette recherche doctorale interroge la construction des identités linguistiques dans les trajectoires migratoires et le processus d’intégration de migrants africains plurilingues, dont les parcours de vie s’inscrivent dans les espaces francophones pluriels et diversitaires que constituent l’Afrique subsaharienne, la France hexagonale et l’Acadie du Nouveau-Brunswick. Elle repose sur une démarche comparée ayant pour but de chercher à comprendre comment et dans quelle mesure les migrants originaires d’Afrique noire s'inscrivent respectivement dans les contextes d'intégration particuliers que constituent l'Acadie du Nouveau-Brunswick et la France, en misant ou pas sur leur identité et compétence francophones. Cette recherche s’inscrit par ailleurs dans une perspective qualitative herméneutique accordant une place primordiale aux expériences des personnes et à l’historicité des processus et des phénomènes sociaux innervant ces expériences. L’étude menée propose, dans cette perspective, une lecture sociolinguistique des histoires de vie et biographies langagières des migrants rencontrés : approche qui permet d’interpréter les expériences mises en mots par ces derniers, et de saisir la portée des reconfigurations engendrées par la confrontation à des environnements sociolinguistiques et socioculturels autres que ceux qui les ont institués en tant qu’individus-LocuteursThis doctoral thesis explores the construction of linguistic identities in migrants' trajectories and the integration process of multilingual African migrants whose life courses are contextualized by the multiple and diversified Francophone spaces which Sub-Saharan Africa, mainland France and New Brunswick's Acadie represent. It is based on a comparative approach aimed at understanding how, and to what extent, migrants from Black Africa are integrated into each specific settlement context of New Brunswick's Acadie and France, and whether or not their integration validates their Francophone identity and competencies. Further, the research is informed by a hermeneutic qualitative perspective, which places primary importance on the lived experiences of individuals and the historicity of the social processes and phenomena underlying their experiences. Using this perspective, the study presents a sociolinguistic reading of life histories and linguistic biographies of the migrants interviewed. This approach makes it possible to interpret the experiences articulated in their comments, and to define the impact of reconfigurations generated by their contact with sociolinguistic and sociocultural environments different from those in which they first established themselves as individual speakers
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Holding, David. "Conflict and assimilation : Irish communities in Bolton and Preston 1840-1914." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249738.
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Borkum, Stefanie. "The changing portrayal of migrants : from the political to the humanitarian : a case study of two migrants' rights organisations in Spain and Britain." Thesis, City, University of London, 2018. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/21478/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The portrayal of migrants in Spanish and British media and political discourse has been the focus of much recent academic study and is largely concerned with negative images. Where positive or sympathetic portrayals have been examined, they alert us to pitfalls: compassion aroused by the portrayal of migrants as victims is a double-edged sword because victims need an external agent to empower them and, therefore, are deprived of their own agency. The image of the 'passive' and 'rightless' migrant has been counteracted by literature that portrays migrants as 'political activists' mobilising to demand legalisation of their immigration status. This portrayal of the 'activist migrant' can be viewed as 'utopian' whereby migrants are transformed into a new historical subject for social change and, as such, become the site for the projection of political hopes and desires. This study focuses on an area of research that has received little attention - how migrants' rights organisations portray migrants. Two organisations provided the research sites for the case studies: Sevilla Acoge, based in Seville, Spain, and Praxis, based in London, Britain. As demonstrated in this thesis, both of them were strongly influenced by the radical leftist ideas of liberation theology. The thesis argues that over a period of approximately thirty years (from the 1980s to the early 2010s) the portrayal of migrants shifted from a political to a humanitarian framing. More specifically, it shows that these changing portrayals reflected shifts in the organisations' values and expressed a sense of disappointment in the politics of the past that had aimed to change society through collective political action. This cross-country, comparative and longitudinal study uses a mixed-methods approach to investigate the changing portrayals of migrants. The case studies illustrate the consequences of the humanitarian trumping the political approach to migrants' rights and the implications of this for the possibilities of political action and empowerment.
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Khan, Kamran. "Becoming British : a migrant's journey." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4617/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In 2002, the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act was passed which required migrants to demonstrate a ‘sufficient knowledge’ of English and ‘sufficient knowledge about life in the United Kingdom’ in order to become British citizens. This thesis investigates some of the linguistic practices during the citizenship process of a Yemeni migrant named W. This eleven month ethnographically-informed case study examines four forms of becoming. Firstly, becoming through the LUK (Life in the UK) test is analysed using Messick’s unified concept of validity. Secondly, Bakhtin’s ‘ideological becoming’ is used to capture the bilingual practices in engaging with the LUK test as well as offering an entry point to understanding notions of community and belonging. Thirdly, adult ESOL (English for Speakers of Other Languages) is positioned as a ‘space of becoming’ (Baynham and Simpson 2010). W negotiates his way through the qualification framework and his sense of investment and identity is challenged. Finally, the citizenship ceremony as a moment of becoming is analysed through Foucault’s examination and Derrida’s shibboleth. The LUK test and ceremony represent two very different trials for W. Community life and ESOL education are characterised as gradual forms of development.
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Scotto, Giuseppe. "The political participation of migrants : a study of the Italian communities in London." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/43188/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis deals with the historical evolution, social networks, and – above all – the political participation of Italian citizens who are resident in London. The value of my research stems from an increasing interest – evident in the literature – in migrant transnational identities and in the political participation of migrant groups both in their home and host countries. Also relevant is the growing importance of London as a destination for Italian migrants. The study adopts a theoretical framework based on political opportunity structure and on the construction of social and community identity. It deploys a mix of methods that involve a questionnaire, ethnographic methods such as open and semi-structured interviews and participant observation, and some elements of discourse analysis, in order to analyse the social and political activity of three components of the Italian communities who are resident in London: the “old” migrants who arrived in the UK between the end of World War Two and the late 1970s; their descendants, the British-born Italians; and the “new” migrants, who have moved to London since the mid-1980s. Comparison across these three waves produces important insights into the development of Italian identity in London over more than half a century. In the three main empirical chapters the thesis examines (1) what characterises the Italian presence, in terms of socio-economic characteristics and identification; (2) how an Italian institutional and associational network, active in London, influences the building of a collective identity in the Italian communities and helps mobilise them; and (3) to what degree and how London Italians think they may contribute to political, social, and cultural change in their home and host countries. The primary data that I present show that belonging to one of the three generational groups outlined above has a great impact on the ties with both the UK and Italy and, in particular, with the Italian institutional and associational network in London; that this network plays an important role in the emergence of a new discourse on “Italianness” among recently arrived Italian migrants; that different forms of Italian identity are constructed and performed by Italians from the three different groups in their interaction with the social and political opportunity structure they experience in London; and finally that all this affects local and transnational political loyalties and behaviour.
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Aronson, Polina. "Health beliefs and help-seeking practices of migrants from the former USSR into Germany." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/50831/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Persons from the former USSR constitute a significant proportion of the migrant population in contemporary Germany. Current research on their health is scarce and carried out from a medical perspective, mostly focusing on health outcomes and patterns of healthcare utilisation. In contrast, this thesis is based on a sociological approach to health as a phenomenon embedded in a complex system of social stratification and cultural traditions. The research question of this thesis is about the relationship of identity to health beliefs and help-seeking practices, and they ways migration transforms ways people think of themselves and their health. To answer this question, qualitative research needs to establish migrants' own interpretations of health and illness in the biographical context. Setting out to identify and explain a variety of native conceptualisations of health, this thesis, on the one hand, seeks to establish differences between migrant and non-migrant population, and, on the other hand, to reflect on heterogeneity of health beliefs and help-seeking behaviours across different sub-groups of former Soviet citizens in Germany. In order to pursue these research objectives, comparative qualitative research design was employed, whereby different groups of migrant population were compared with each other and contrasted to native Germans. The empirical fieldwork was carried out in Berlin in 2009-2010, and included 35 semi-structured interviews (of which 8 were carried out with experts). This thesis suggests that health beliefs and help-seeking practices of migrants from the former USSR in Germany are highly heterogeneous. Attitudes to health make up components of diverse identities acquired in the sending country and that are transformed throughout the migratory processes. First, these findings argue against generalisations about 'fatalistic' health beliefs resulting from communist ideology, a stereotype appearing in some Western literatures. Second, this thesis draws attention to the effects of socialisation in the sending country on conceptualisations of health in the country of immigration, suggesting prospects for research in future migrant generations. And third, it demonstrates that folk conceptualisations of health are hugely heterogeneous, and diverge greatly from medical views of health as an absence of illness.
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Gasperetti, Flavia. "Italian women migrants in post-war Britain : the case of textile workers (1949-61)." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3417/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the decade following the end of the Second World War, a mass migration of Italian workers came to the United Kingdom to be employed in Britain’s factories and mines. Amongst these, many were women. Thanks to official recruitment schemes drafted by the British and Italian governments of the time, young women left Italy in their thousands, to be employed as domestic workers or in factories, especially in the textile districts of Lancashire and Yorkshire. Here, they joined other migrants recruited through the European Volunteer Workers scheme, a government-led operation aimed at sourcing manpower from mainland Europe. The Official Italian Scheme was one of such recruitments, but one of the least investigated. The present research begins by studying the process of recruitment of young Italian women, within the wider context of Italy’s post-war emigration policies and its diplomatic relations with Great Britain. Subsequently, the research focuses on the entry of Italian women in the textile districts of Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Yorkshire and the process of their integration within British society. Finally, the thesis examines the attitudes of Catholic missionaries in Britain, the Italian expatriate community, the implications arising from mixed marriages and the formation of new multicultural families.
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Vathi, Zana. "The children of Albanian migrants in Europe : ethnic identity, transnational ties and pathways of integration." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7421/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study of the integration of the children of migrants—the so-called ‗second generation‘—is a recent trend in migration literature. Their integration is thought to be an important indicator of the degree of integration of immigrants in general into a specific society. This thesis is the first full-length comparative study of the Albanian second generation. Using a variety of field methods, it compares the ethnic identities, transnational ties and integration pathways of Albanian-origin teenagers in three European cities—London, Thessaloniki and Florence—by focusing on intergenerational transmission between the first and the second generation. Greece, Italy and the UK are, in that order, the three main European countries where Albanian migrants have settled during their short but intense migration experience of the past two decades. My study shifts the focus partly to the situation and developments in Southern Europe, where the awareness and interest in issues of the integration of the second generation are still at an initial phase. The research involved fieldwork in each of the above-named cities, where quota samples of three categories of informants were interviewed: parents, their second-generation teenage children, and teachers and other key informants within the host society. Findings show significant differences in the integration patterns of both generations, affected by sharp differences between the three contexts and the history of immigration in each context. They also point to important within- and inter-group differences, based on various socio-economic indicators. Intergenerational transmission appears as a dynamic process affected not only by context and the parents‘ socio-economic background, but also by parents‘ stage of integration. By studying a settling immigrant group and their descendants, the thesis takes a proactive approach towards the integration of ethnic minorities.
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Li, Yan. "Constraints on health and health services access of rural-to-urban migrants in China : a case of Dengcun village of Beijing." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13135/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
China is experiencing a dramatically increasing process of rural-urban migration, which is almost parallel with the phenomenal economic growth and development in China in the last decades. Given the massive scale of rural-urban migration in China, the health services access and health constraints not only matter to rural-urban migrants but also have important implications for broad public health concerns. However, this issue has not been paid enough attention in academic research. This study focuses on the multifaceted reality of health constraints and health services access among migrants by originally exploring the social strata, social networks, and the understanding of health and health services among migrants. The research questions are stated as follows: What constraints and difficulties do migrants face with respect to their health and health services access? Is there a hierarchical structure in health services access and medical treatment access among migrants? When there is a shortage of financial resources, do they resort to informal social support (such as informal social networks/ guanxi) to obtain help and why? What are their understanding and experience of health and why? Furthermore, this study investigates the health constraints and health services access of rural-urban migrants in the absence of equal social protection by the government. By conducting 36 qualitative interviews in Dengcun Village, a migrant community in Beijing, China, this paper: (1) Investigates issues concerning environmental health risks of migrants, their health seeking behaviours, and the constraints they encountered in accessing health services with respect to the social strata among migrants. It argues that the main obstacles to access health services are not only the shortage of financial resources among rural-urban migrants, but also lie in the institutional blindness regarding health security provision, rural-urban dualism and the household registration system in China. (2) Highlights the key function that social networks play in health and health services access among migrants in China, which has rarely been discussed in previous studies. Examines the range of social networks among migrants, from which they can acquire support, including financial and spiritual, when they are dealing with health problems. The study argues that social networks resemble a double-edged sword to rural-urban migrants in terms of health care access. The fact that migrants lack savings may not be the sole and essential reason for their extreme vulnerability in times of illness. Some migrants, who are in financial difficulties though, may have some assistance, including financial support and emotional support from their social networks. However, on the other hand, the assistance from social networks on their health and heath care access is limited, not only because their social networks is limited, but because the social networks should not bear the responsibility to support health services access of migrants, similar to or more than the state and migrants' employers. (3) Discusses the understanding of health among migrants, and further analyses that although many migrants have not formed proper understanding of the connotation of health and have limited knowledge of health, prime responsibility should not be put on the migrants because their poor understanding of health mainly results from their rural perspective while health and health services access depend on the social-economic environment in which they live and work.
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SAVELIEV, Igor. "Migrants and Borderland Identity: A Comparative Study of Japanese Communities in British Columbia and the Priamur Region in the 1870s-1900s." 名古屋大学大学院国際開発研究科, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14544.
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Arias, Trujillo Maria Lourdes. "Caminar con y como migrantes para transformar la frontera foundations for the creation of feminist communities on the border /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.
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Keles, Yilmaz. "Transnational media and migrants in Europe : the case of the mediated Turkish-Kurdish ethno-national conflict." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7611.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This PhD examines the role of the transnational media in articulating and mobilizing different political and identity positions for migrants. It explores the complex linkages between Kurdish and Turkish transnational ethnic media and migrant communities. It is based on 74 in-depth interviews and 6 focus groups with Kurdish and Turkish migrants of diverse age, gender, political affiliation, occupation and length of migration in London, Berlin and Stockholm. Drawing upon the concepts of “imagined community” (Anderson 1991) and “banal nationalism” (Billig 1995), it seeks to understand how migrants make sense of the media representations of the ethno-national conflict between the Turkish state and the Kurds and how they position themselves in relation to these media texts. The thesis explores how the media impact differentially on migrants’ views and ethnic identities in the three countries. This study argues that transnational media speak on behalf of the nation to the nation, even if the members of these imagined national communities live in different places, connecting people across different geographical spaces and thus building transnational imagined communities. They create a sense of belonging to a meaningful imagined community defined as “our” nation. The mediated Turkish-Kurdish ethno-national conflict has contributed to this transnational imagined community. The analysis of interviews found that the mediated conflict has hardened ethnic-based divisions and differentiation between Kurdish and Turkish migrants in Europe. Transnational media have contributed to deterritorialization, differentiation and division among migrants. Kurds and Turks have developed distinct identities in Europe and cannot be viewed any longer as a homogeneous group. The thesis concludes by suggesting a three-way framework for the analysis of ethno-national identities of migrants, taking into account firstly the country of settlement, secondly Turkish and thirdly Kurdish media as significant in constructing imagined national communities.
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Davlianidze, Natalia. "Transnational Amenity Migrants in the Mountainous Regions of the Republic of Georgia: Motives to Move, Adaptation Strategies, Integration into the Local Community." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1618924189831531.
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Ako, Joshua Ndip. "The Reorientation of Borders in the EU: Case studies Sweden, Germany, and France." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45922.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paradox of contemporary migration in the EU is that new actors, rules, and institutions have emerged and created internal spaces where there is a gradual reorientation of the character of EU border regime. These spaces have become arenas where EU member states are re-categorizing, re-scaling, expanding, and diversifying their modes of internal migration control and enforcement. To overcome this paradox, this research seeks to explore migration policies in Sweden, Germany, and France to demonstrate that the narratives about EU common border policy is complex, uncertain, polarising, and conflicting. This paper argues that the emergence of the EU common border regime with a multiplicity of actors have created everyday bordering as a rebordering mechanism of control that threatens the idea of a common EU border, especially at the level of nation states. My theoretical approach is based on ‘everyday bordering and the politics of beloninging’. And I applied an interpretative approach in the analysis of official policy documents, academic articles, media reports, advocacy papers, NGO documents, and political speeches.