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Статті в журналах з теми "Microwave antenna element"
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ALAM, SYAH, INDRA SURJATI, LYDIA SARI, and JUSTIN TANUWIJAYA. "Antena Mikrostrip Array 8x2 Elemen untuk Aplikasi Radio Gelombang Mikro." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 9, no. 2 (April 4, 2021): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v9i2.293.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRAKPeningkatan gain pada antena mikrostrip polarisasi melingkar menggunakan metode array 8x2 element diusulkan dalam penelitian ini. Antena yang diusulkan dirancang untuk bekerja pada rentang frekuensi 10700 – 11700 MHz untuk sistem komunikasi radio gelombang mikro. Untuk meningkatkan gain, antena yang diusulkan di optimasi menggunakan array dengan 8x2 elemen. Dari hasil pengukuran diperoleh nilai return loss -22.77 dB dan VSWR sebesar 1.156. Bandwidth yang dihasilkan dari antena array 8x2 elemen adalah 900 MHz dengan rentang frekuensi kerja 10700 MHz -11600 MHz serta impedansi sebesar 55.87 + j 4.97 Ω pada frekuensi kerja 10925 GHz. Gain dari antena array 8x2 elemen adalah 15.6 dB pada frekuensi kerja 10925 MHz. Optimasi dengan metode array 8x2 elemen berhasil meningkatkan Gain sampai dengan 47.76 % dibandingkan dengan desain array 4x2 element. Antena yang diusulkan cocok dijadikan kandidat untuk digunakan pada sistem komunikasi radio gelombang mikro.Kata kunci: antena, mikrostrip, gain, array, radio gelombang mikro ABSTRACTGain optimization on a circular polarization microstrip antenna using the 8x2 element array method is proposed in this study. The proposed antenna is designed to work in the frequency range 10700 - 11700 MHz for microwave radio communication systems. To increase the gain, the proposed antenna is optimized using an array with 8x2 elements. From the measurement results obtained return value of -22.77 dB and VSWR of 1,156. The Bandwidth produced from the 8x2 element antenna array is 900 MHz with a working frequency range of 10700 MHz - 11600 MHz and an impedance of 55.87 + j 4.97 Ω at a working frequency of 10925 MHz. The gain of the 8x2 element array antenna is 15.6 dB at a working frequency of 10925 MHz. Optimization with the 8x2 element array method succeeded in increasing Gain by up to 47.76% compared to the 4x2 element array design. The proposed antenna is suitable as a candidate for use in microwave radio communication systems.Keywords: microstrip, antenna, gain, array, microwave radio
2
Moradikordalivand, Alishir, Chee Yen Leow, Tharek Abd Rahman, Sepideh Ebrahimi, and Tien Han Chua. "Wideband MIMO antenna system with dual polarization for WiFi and LTE applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, no. 3 (March 4, 2015): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175907871500032x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper a wideband multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna system for WiFi-LTE wireless access point (WAP) application is proposed. The MIMO antenna system consists of two common element microstrip-fed monopole antennas with dual polarization. Physically closed integration of MIMO antenna elements requires a special technique to increase the isolation between the antennas. A novel structure of parasitic element is introduced to improve the isolation between the antennas. The proposed MIMO antenna system is simulated and optimized using CST Microwave Studio. The designed antenna system is fabricated and measured to verify the simulation results. Reflection coefficient of less than −10 dB and isolation more than 15 dB are achieved in the operating frequency range of 2.3–2.9 GHz which covers WiFi 2.4 GHz and LTE 2.6 GHz bands. The proposed system also provides dual polarization with 10 dB polarization diversity gain and envelope correlation coefficient less than 0.15. Each individual antenna has a gain of 5.1 dB and 68% efficiency.
3
Choudhary, Vipin, Manoj Kumar Meshram, and Jan Hesselbarth. "Four Elements Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna for Dual Band Applications." International Journal of Advances in Microwave Technology 07, no. 01 (2022): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32452/ijamt.2022.274282.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Four-element reconfigurable multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antennas for dual band applications are proposed. The frequency reconfigurability of the proposed antennas is achieved by incorporation of three PIN diodes within the single element. The antenna covers multiple switchable operating bands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wi-MAX)/Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications (3.4-3.6GHz, 3.8-3.86GHz, 5.18-5.27GHz, 5.35-5.5GHz and 5.67-5.8GHz). The proposed MIMO antenna consists of 2x2 elements on a single FR4 substrate.The combinations of MIMO and reconfigurable antenna provide improved performance in terms of envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and channel capacity loss (CCL) in multiple-frequency bands. The MIMO antenna system performance including the isolation, ECC, CCL, and the diversity gain (DG) are simulated and measured. High isolation (≥ 25dB) is achieved between reconfigurable MIMO antenna ports without any internal and external decoupling network. The proposed antenna has sufficient performance that makes it suitable for indoor access points (IAPs).
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Syed, Avez, Nebras Sobahi, Muntasir Sheikh, Raj Mittra, and Hatem Rmili. "Modified 16-Quasi Log Periodic Antenna Array for Microwave Imaging of Breast Cancer Detection." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (December 24, 2021): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010147.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, an effective system for microwave imaging of breast tumor detection using modified 16-planar log periodic antenna (PLPA) array is presented. The modified PLPA operates in the band from 2 to 5 GHz with stable directional patterns in the end-fire direction. Once the results of a single antenna element have been validated, the design is extended to include 16 antenna elements. All 16 transceiver antennas are vertically placed around the phantom in a circular manner where one antenna acts as a transmitter and the rest work as receivers. Delay and Sum (DAS) algorithm is used for post processing the acquired scattered signals from the sensors to reconstruct the image of the breast and to identify the existence of breast tumors. The electromagnetic simulators CST and HFSS are used to design the system, while MATLAB is used to process the data. The developed PLPA array-based microwave imaging system performs admirably, making it one of the most effective systems for detecting tumor cells.
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Gas, Piotr. "Multi–Frequency Analysis For Interstitial Microwave Hyperthermia Using Multi–Slot Coaxial Antenna." Journal of Electrical Engineering 66, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jee-2015-0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The presented paper shows a new concept of multi-slot coaxial antenna working at different frequencies to predict the best solution for interstitial microwave hyperthermia treatment. The described method concerns a microwave heating of unhealthy cells using a thin microwave antenna located in the human tissue. Therefore, the coupled wave equation in a sinusoidal steady-state and the transient bioheat equation under an axial symmetrical model are considered. The 4-Cole-Cole approximation has been used to compute the complex relative permittivity of the human tissues at different antenna operating frequencies. At the stage of numerical simulation the finite element method (FEM) is used. Special attention has been paid to estimate the optimal antenna parameters for thermal therapy for three microwave frequencies mainly used in medical practice and make comparison of the obtained results in the case of single-, double- and triple-slot antennas.
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Wan, Chunfeng, Liyu Xie, Kangqian Xu, Songtao Xue, Can Jiang, Guochun Wan, and Tao Ding. "Transverse deformation effect on sensitivity of strain-sensing patch antenna." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 16, no. 3 (February 29, 2020): 155014772090819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147720908192.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The strain sensor based on microwave patch antenna is proposed to monitor structural strain in structural health monitoring. When patch antenna experiences deformation, the resonant frequency of patch antenna will shift. With these characteristics, the patch antenna can operate as both the strain-sensing element and communication component. This article chooses an RT-5880 rectangular patch antenna for strain measurement, focusing on its sensing performance. For distinguishing the influence of deformation in the antenna’s length direction and width direction, the numerical simulation is implemented, and then two kinds of laboratory experiments are conducted. The first approach is to paste antennas in longitudinal and transverse ways and solve the equation set. The other approach is to design another patch antenna with narrow width and compare the test results with the wide one. All results show that the influence of deformation in wide direction on sensitivity can be neglected, and the resonant frequency shift has a good linear relationship with the strain of antenna in length direction.
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Tiwari, Rovin, Raghavendra Sharma, and Rahul Dubey. "Microstrip Patch Antenna Array Design Anaylsis for 5G Communication Applications." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 6, no. 5 (May 22, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v6i5.287.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A research on Antenna design and simulation is a emerging area among researchers. Antenna is a basic element for wireless communication. There are various shaps and types of antenna, which uses in different allpication. Now a days Microstrip patch anteena is very useful in advance electronics devices applications. This paper focused on study based various types of microstrip antenna. Return loss, VSWR, bandwidth, resonant frequency and gain is key parameters to judge antenna performance. Good value of return loss is less than -10dB. Considerable range of VSWR is 1-2. CST microwave studio is a advance software to design and simulation of all types of antenna, filter etc.
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Vollbracht, D. "Understanding and optimizing microstrip patch antenna cross polarization radiation on element level for demanding phased array antennas in weather radar applications." Advances in Radio Science 13 (November 3, 2015): 251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-13-251-2015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The antenna cross polarization suppression (CPS) is of significant importance for the accurate calculation of polarimetric weather radar moments. State-of-the-art reflector antennas fulfill these requirements, but phased array antennas are changing their CPS during the main beam shift, off-broadside direction. Since the cross polarization (x-pol) of the array pattern is affected by the x-pol element factor, the single antenna element should be designed for maximum CPS, not only at broadside, but also for the complete angular electronic scan (e-scan) range of the phased array antenna main beam positions. Different methods for reducing the x-pol radiation from microstrip patch antenna elements, available from literature sources, are discussed and summarized. The potential x-pol sources from probe fed microstrip patch antennas are investigated. Due to the lack of literature references, circular and square shaped X-Band radiators are compared in their x-pol performance and the microstrip patch antenna size variation was analyzed for improved x-pol pattern. Furthermore, the most promising technique for the reduction of x-pol radiation, namely "differential feeding with two RF signals 180° out of phase", is compared to single fed patch antennas and thoroughly investigated for phased array applications with simulation results from CST MICROWAVE STUDIO (CST MWS). A new explanation for the excellent port isolation of dual linear polarized and differential fed patch antennas is given graphically. The antenna radiation pattern from single fed and differential fed microstrip patch antennas are analyzed and the shapes of the x-pol patterns are discussed with the well-known cavity model. Moreover, two new visual based electromagnetic approaches for the explanation of the x-pol generation will be given: the field line approach and the surface current distribution approach provide new insight in understanding the generation of x-pol component in microstrip patch antenna radiation patterns.
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Chen, Hangyu, Jingcheng Zhao, Tao Hong, Shuli Zheng, Haohui Hong, and Mohamed Cheriet. "A measurement method of fifth-generation multiple-input multiple-output antenna based on microwave imaging." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 16, no. 6 (June 2020): 155014772093714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147720937148.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An increase in the quantity and density of antenna elements increases the mismatched failure rate and measurement difficulty of the multiple-input multiple-output. To simplify the measurement method of the S11 parameter utilizing the traditional vector network analyzer, this article proposes a multiple-input multiple-output measurement method based on microwave imaging. The multiple-input multiple-output element was designed, and then the existence of mismatched scattering of the mismatched state through microwave one-dimensional and two-dimensional imaging simulations was verified. A wideband Vivaldi antenna was designed for measurement imaging verification. The research results show that the proposed method is capable of detecting the mismatched scattering of mismatched elements as well as accurately locating the mismatched elements and mismatched position of circuits behind the element, which improves the measurement efficiency.
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Goyal, Ravi Kumar, and Uma Shankar Modani. "The Four-Element MIMO Antenna Design with Low Mutual Coupling at 28 GHz for 5G Networks." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 11, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.d3457.0411422.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
in this contribution, a MIMO micro strip patch antenna with four radiating elements is designed3 at 28 GHz. The designed antenna has a very low isolation loss between radiating antenna elements. The MIMO antenna is simulated using the CST Microwave simulator. The measurement results are also shown in this paper. Both simulation and measurement results are studied to analyze the performance of the antenna. The MIMO patch antenna features such as, return loss, VSWR, gain, beam-width and radiation pattern are analyzed at a center frequency of 28 GHz. The isolation loss between the MIMO antenna elements is investigated experimentally with inter-element spacing of 3 mm. The envelope correlation coefficients among the elements, the mean effective gains, the efficiencies are also discussed. The designed antenna is planner, compact and thin so it is applicable for 5G handset.
Дисертації з теми "Microwave antenna element"
1
Jiříček, Zbyněk. "Návrh anténního systému s kruhovou polarizací pro kmitočtové pásmo 2,4 GHz." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217470.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Diploma thesis is focused to design of a system with circularly polarized wave for frequency band 2.4 GHz. The thesis introduces question of the microwave antennas, matching circuits and circular polarization circuit. It also includes a design of a circuit for available chip antenna (2450AT45A100) measurement and its measuring with connected chip antenna. Design and measurement of a circular polarization circuit using available chip antennas are also included in this thesis.
2
Salah, Adham M. S. "Investigation of Integrated Decoupling Methods for MIMO Antenna Systems. Design, Modelling and Implementation of MIMO Antenna Systems for Different Spectrum Applications with High Port-to-Port Isolation Using Different Decoupling Techniques." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18427.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna technology refers to an antenna with
multiple radiators at both transmitter and receiver ends. It is designed to increase the data rate in
wireless communication systems by achieving multiple channels occupying the same bandwidth
in a multipath environment. The main drawback associated with this technology is the coupling
between the radiating elements. A MIMO antenna system merely acts as an antenna array if the
coupling between the radiating elements is high. For this reason, strong decoupling between the
radiating elements should be achieved, in order to utilize the benefits of MIMO technology.
The main objectives of this thesis are to investigate and implement several printed MIMO
antenna geometries with integrated decoupling approaches for WLAN, WiMAX, and 5G
applications. The characteristics of MIMO antenna performance have been reported in terms of
scattering parameters, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), total active reflection coefficient
(TARC), channel capacity loss (CCL), diversity gain (DG), antenna efficiency, antenna peak gain
and antenna radiation patterns.
Three new 2×2 MIMO array antennas are proposed, covering dual and multiple spectrum
bandwidths for WLAN (2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz) and WiMAX (3.5 GHz) applications. These designs
employ a combination of DGS and neutralization line methods to reduce the coupling caused by
the surface current in the ground plane and between the radiating antenna elements. The minimum
achieved isolation between the MIMO antennas is found to be better than 15 dB and in some
bands exceeds 30 dB. The matching impedance is improved and the correlation coefficient values
achieved for all three antennas are very low. In addition, the diversity gains over all spectrum
bands are very close to the ideal value (DG = 10 dB).
The forth proposed MIMO antenna is a compact dual-band MIMO antenna operating at
WLAN bands (2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz). The antenna structure consists of two concentric double square
rings radiating elements printed symmetrically. A new method is applied which combines the
defected ground structure (DGS) decoupling method with five parasitic elements to reduce the
coupling between the radiating antennas in the two required bands.
A metamaterial-based isolation enhancement structure is investigated in the fifth proposed
MIMO antenna design. This MIMO antenna consists of two dual-band arc-shaped radiating
elements working in WLAN and Sub-6 GHz 5th generation (5G) bands. The antenna placement
and orientation decoupling method is applied to improve the isolation in the second band while
four split-ring resonators (SRRs) are added between the radiating elements to enhance the
isolation in the first band.
All the designs presented in this thesis have been fabricated and measured, with the simulated
and measured results agreeing well in most cases.Higher Committee for Education Development in Iraq (HCED)
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El, Kanfoud Ibtissam. "Résolution de problèmes de rayonnement électromagnétique appliqués à l’imagerie médicale avec FreeFEM++." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4000/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'utilisation des microondes pour le diagnostic est en plein essor dans le domaine médical. Une des toutes dernières applications concerne la détection d'AVC (Accident vasculaire Cérébral) par imagerie microonde. La Société EMTensor GmbH basée à Vienne en Autriche étudie actuellement un tel système en collaboration avec le LEAT, le LJAD de l’Université Côte d’Azur et le LJLL de Sorbonne Université, pour le diagnostic et le contrôle de l'efficacité de traitement. Le but de ce travail était de modéliser le système de mesure de l'imagerie du cerveau, développé par la société EMTensor GmbH. Il s'agit d'un système d'émission/réception composé de 160 antennes disposées en 5 couronnes de 32 antennes réparties sur une cuve métallique cylindrique de section circulaire semi-ouverte. Un des enjeux majeurs de ce travail consiste en la modélisation et la simulation électromagnétique (EM) du système complet incluant un modèle réaliste de cerveau. La difficulté réside à la fois dans la taille du problème EM à simuler en raison du rapport entre la taille considérable du système et la taille très faible de certaines inhomogénéités à l’intérieur du cerveau, et dans la grande hétérogénéité des permittivités diélectriques présentes à l’intérieur du cerveau. Nous avons décidé d’utiliser un code open source, FreeFem++ pour cette modélisation car il permet de déployer du calcul hautement parallèle et la décomposition de domaines, qui sont bien adaptés à la complexité du problème EM. Dans un premier temps, nous avons comparé les résultats de simulation du système de mesure à vide (sans le cerveau) aux mesures et aux résultats obtenus par le logiciel de simulation EM HFSS basé sur la FEM comme FreeFem++. Nous avons ensuite simulé un modèle de tête tridimensionnel virtuel, à partir de coupe d’image du cerveau (scanner et IRM), en partenariat avec EMTensor en recherchant la position et le type d'AVC (ischémique et hémorragique). L'influence du bruit de mesure, la valeur du gel d'adaptation utilisé, le couplage entre les capteurs et le couplage entre la tête et les capteurs sont également étudiés. Afin de valider ces modèles, deux cas simples ont été étudiés. Un grand tube et un petit tube en plastique sont remplis de liquide d'adaptation symbolisant les caractéristiques diélectriques d'un cerveau afin de retrouver la forme du tube utilisé. Nous avons montré qu’il est possible de développer des algorithmes de reconstruction pour montrer permettant de retrouver la forme des objets par imagerie qualitative. Enfin, avec les partenaires et l'entreprise d'EMTensor nous avons appliqué une méthode quantitative à la détection d’un AVC ischémique par la tomographie microonde. Le problème direct repose sur l’utilisation de FreeFem++, en utilisant des éléments d'ordre supérieur et des préconditionneurs parallèles pour la méthode de décomposition de domaine. Nous avons résolu le problème inverse par un algorithme de minimisation, afin de reconstruire des images tomographiques du cerveau dans des temps compatibles avec les impératifs médicaux définis par les cliniciensThe use of microwaves for diagnosis is booming in the medical field. One of the latest applications is the detection of strokes by microwave imaging. The company EMTensor GmbH based in Vienna, Austria is currently studying such a system in collaboration with LEAT, the LJAD of the Côte d’Azur University and the LJLL of Sarbonne University, for the diagnosis and control of the treatement efficiency. The purpose of this work is to model the brain imaging measurement system developed by EMTensor GmbH. It is a transmission/ reception system consisting of 160 antennas arranged in 5 rings of 32 antennas distributed on a cylinder metal tank of semi-open circular section. One of the major issues of this work is the modeling and electromagnetic simulation (EM) of the complete system including a realistic brain model. The difficulty lies both in the size of the EM problem to be simulated beacause of the relationship between the considerable size of the system and the the very small size of certain inhomogeneities within the brain, and the great heterogeneity of the dielectric permittivities present inside the brain. We decided to use an open source software, FreeFem++ for this modelling because it is well adapted to high performance computing through domain decomposition methods, which is mandatory for the complexity of the EM problem. First, we compared the simulation results of the vacuum matching measurement system (without the brain) to the measurements and the results obtained by the FEM-based EM HFSS simulation software to those obtained by FreeFem++. We then simulated a virtual threedimensional head model, from brain imaging system cuts (CT scan and MRI), in partnership with EMTensor, looking for the position and type of stroke (ischemic and hemorragic). The influence of the measurement noise, the value of the adaptation gel used, the coupling between the sensors and the coupling between the head and the sensors are also studied. In order to validate these models, two simple cases have been studied. A large tube and a small plastic tube are fielld with adaptation liquid with the dielectric characteristic of a brain to find the shape of the tubes used by qualitative imaging. Finally, with the MEDIMAX project partners and the EMTensor company we applied a quantitative method to the detection of ischemic stroke by the microwave tomography. The direct problem has been solved with the help of FreeFem++, using hight order elements and parallel preconditioners for the domain decomposition method. We solved the inverse problem by a minimization algorithm, in order to reconstruct tomographic images of the brain in times compatible with medical imperatives defined by clinicians.”
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Волошин, Антон Олександрович. "Мікромеханічно перелаштовувані антенні елементи НВЧ". Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/36406.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Дисертаційна робота присвячена розробленню способів мікромеханічного перелаштування робочої частоти діелектричних резонаторних та мікросмужкових антенних елементів, що основані на перерозподілі електромагнітного поля внаслідок мікропереміщень складових частин резонаторів та, на відміну від існуючих способів,
забезпечують перелаштування частоти в діапазоні до 30 відсотків без внесення додаткових дисипативних втрат електромагнітної енергії. На відміну від електричних,
магнітних і оптичних способів перелаштування, мікромеханічний спосіб не вносить
додаткових втрат та відрізняється широким діапазоном перелаштування.
Встановлено закономірності впливу електрофізичних та геометричних параметрів
антенних елементів на частотні, енергетичні та випромінювальні характеристики антен, а також сформульовано умови підвищення чутливості робочої частоти до переміщень та розширення діапазону перелаштування частот.
На основі аналітичного розв’язку електродинамічної задачі для одновимірної діелектричної неоднорідності встановлено закономірності перелаштування резонансної
частоти за рахунок переміщення складових частин діелектричного резонатора. Встановлені закономірності узагальнено теоретичними та експериментальними дослідженнями тривимірних діелектричних резонансних структур.
На основі теорії кіл з розподіленими параметрами запропоновано схемну модель
мікросмужкового резонатора, включеного як кінцеве навантаження лінії, що спрощує процес проектування антенного елемента та оптимізації його характеристик.
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Smith, Brady Christopher. "MSM photodiode as the switching element in a photoswitch-based class E microwave power amplifier." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5672.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 14, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Botha, Matthys Michiel. "Efficient finite element electromagnetic analysis of antennas and microwave devices : the FE-BI-FMM formulation and a posteriori error estimation for p adaptive analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52818.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This document presents a Galerkin FE formulation for the full-wave, frequency domain, electromagnetic analysis of three dimensional structures relevant to microwave engineering, together with the investigation of two techniques to enhance the formulation's computational efficiency. The first technique considered is the fast multi pole method (FMM) and the second technique is adaptive refinement of the discretization, based on a posteriori error estimation. Thus, the motivation for the work presented in this document is to increase the computational efficiency of the FE formulation considered. The FE formulation considered is widely used within the microwave engineering, finite element community. Tetrahedral, rectilinear, curl-conforming, mixed- and full order, hierarchical vector elements are used. The formulation is extended to incorporate a cavity backed aperture employing the appropriate half-space Green function within a BI boundary condition, which represents a specific member of a large class of hybrid FE-BI formulations. The formulation is also extended to model coaxial ports via a Neumann boundary condition, using a priori knowledge of the dominant modal fields. Results are presented in support of the formulation and its extensions, including novel results on the coupling between microstrip patch antennas on a perforated substrate. The FMM is investigated first, with the purpose of optimizing the non-local BI component of the cavity FE-BI formulation, in light of its coupling with the differential equation based, sparse FEM. The FMM results in a partly sparse factorization of the BI contribution to the system matrix. Error control schemes for the FMM are thoroughly reviewed and an additional, novel scheme is empirically devised. The second technique investigated, which is more directly related to the FEM and larger in scope, is the use of a posteriori error estimation, in order to optimize the FE discretization through adaptive refinement. A overview of available a posteriori error estimation techniques in the general FE literature is given as well as a survey of available techniques that are specifically tailored to Maxwell's equations. Two known approaches within the applied mathematics literature are adapted to the FE formulation at hand, resulting in two novel, residual based error estimation procedures for this FE formulation - one explicit in nature and the other implicit. The two error estimators are then used to drive a single p adaptive analysis cycle of the FE formulation, experimentally demonstrating their effectiveness. A quasi-static condition is introduced and successfully used to enhance the adaptive algorithm's effectiveness, independently of the error estimation procedure employed. The novel error estimation schemes and adaptive results represent the main research contributions of this study.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie dokument beskryf 'n Galerkin eindige element (EE) formulering vir die volgolf, frekwensiegebied, elektromagnetiese analise van driedimensionele strukture relevant vir mikrogolfingenieurwese, saam met die ondersoek van twee tegnieke om die numeriese effektiwiteit van die formulering te verbeter. Die eerste tegniek wat ondersoek word, is die vinnige multipooi metode (VMM) en die tweede is die aanpasbare verfyning van die EE diskretisering, gebaseer op a posteriori foutberaming. Dus, die motivering vir hierdie werk is om die numeriese effektiwiteit van die genoemde EE formulering te verbeter. Die bogenoemde EE formulering word algemeen gebruik deur die mikrogolfingenieurswese, eindige element-gemeenskap. Tetrahedriese, reglynige, curl-ondersteunende, hierargiese vektorelemente van gemengde- en volledige ordes word gebruik. Die formulering word uitgebrei om holtes in 'n oneindige grondvlak te kan hanteer, deur gebruik te maak van die toepaslike Green funksie binne 'n grensintegraal (GI) grensvoorwaarde, wat 'n spesifieke lid is van 'n groot klas, hibriede, EE-GI formulerings. Die formulering word ook uitgebrei om koaksiale poorte to modelleer via 'n Neumann grensvoorwaarde, deur die gebruik van a priori kennis van die koaksiale, dominante modus-velde. Resultate word gelewer om die formulering, saam met die uitbreidings daarvan, te ondersteun, insluitende oorspronklike resultate in verband met die koppeling tussen mikrostrook plakantennes op 'n geperforeerde substraat. Die VMM word eerste ondersoek, met die doelom die nie-lokale, GI komponent van die EEGI formulering vir holtes te optimeer, weens die koppeling daarvan met die yl, differensiaalvergelyking- gebaseerde, eindige element-metode. Die VMM lei tot 'n gedeeltelik-yl faktorisering van die GI bydrae tot die algehele matriksvergelyking. Skemas om die VMM fout te beheer word deeglik ondersoek en 'n addisionele, oorspronklike skema word empiries ontwikkel. Die tweede tegniek wat ondersoek word, wat meer direk verband hou met die eindige elementmetode, en van groter omvang is, is die gebruik van a posteriori foutberaming om die EE diskretisasie te optimeer deur middel van aanpasbare verfyning. 'n Oorsig van beskikbare, a posteriori foutberamingstegnieke in die algemene EE literatuur word gegee, asook 'n opname van beskikbare tegnieke wat spesifiek gerig is op Maxwell se vergelykings. Twee bekende benaderings binne die toegepaste wiskunde-literatuur word aangepas by die bogenoemde EE formulering, wat lei tot twee oorspronklike residu-gebaseerde foutberamingstegnieke vir hierdie formulering - een van 'n eksplisiete aard en die ander implisiet. Die twee foutberamingstegnieke word gebruik om 'n enkel, p-aanpasbare analisesiklus aan te dryf, wat die effektiwiteit van die foutberamingstegnieke eksperimenteel demonstreer. 'n Kwasi-statiese vereiste word beskryf en suksesvol gebruik om die aanpasbare algoritme se effektiwiteit te verhoog, onafhanklik van die foutberamingstegniek wat gebruik word. Die oorspronklike foutberamingstegnieke en aanpasbare algoritme-resultate verteenwoordig die hoof navorsingsbydraes van hierdie studie.
7
"Bandwidth enhancement of microstrip antenna with parasitic element." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5886993.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
by Au Tsien Ming.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-101).
Acknowledgments
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Analysis of Linearly Polarized Stacked Rectangular Microstrip Antenna
Chapter 2.1 --- Green's Function Formulation --- p.4
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Field Components --- p.5
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Boundary Conditions --- p.7
Chapter 2.2 --- Galerkin's Method --- p.22
Chapter 2.3 --- Numerical Computation --- p.27
Chapter 2.4 --- Illustrative Results --- p.40
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Analysis of Circularly Polarized Stacked Rectangular Microstrip Antenna
Chapter 3.1 --- The Range of Applications --- p.70
Chapter 3.2 --- Analyzed Results and Discussion --- p.71
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Conclusion --- p.98
Reference --- p.100
Appendix
Chapter A1 --- List of Symbols --- p.102
Chapter A2 --- Publication List of the studies --- p.106
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"Finite element analysis of slotline-bowtie junction." 1997. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889131.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
by Chong Man Yuen.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-128).
Dedication
Acknowledgements
List of Figure
List of Table
List of Appendix
Chapter 1. --- Introduction
Chapter 1.1 --- Background
Chapter 1.2 --- Ultra-Wide Band Antenna
Chapter 1.3 --- Finite Element Method (FEM)
Chapter 1.3.1 --- Domain Discretization
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Formulation of Variational Method
Chapter 2 --- Theory
Chapter 2.1 --- Variational principles for electromagnetics
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Construction of Functional
Chapter 2.2 --- Artificial Boundary
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Absorbing Boundary Conditions
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Perfectly Matched Layer (PML)
Chapter 2.3 --- Edge Basis Function
Chapter 2.4 --- Slotline Analysis
Chapter 3 --- Implementation of FEM
Chapter 3.1 --- Formulation of Element matrix
Chapter 3.2 --- Mesh Generation
Chapter 3.3 --- Assembly
Chapter 3.4 --- Incorporation of Boundary Conditions
Chapter 3.5 --- Code Implementation
Chapter 4 --- Finite Element Simulations
Chapter 4.1 --- Slotline
Chapter 4.2 --- Artificial Boundary of the domain
Chapter 4.3 --- Slotline Taper Junction
Chapter 4.4 --- Slotline Bowtie Junction
Chapter 5 --- Conclusion
Appendix A1
Appendix A2
Appendix A3
Bibliography
Книги з теми "Microwave antenna element"
1
A, Chatterjee, and Kempel Leo C, eds. Finite element method for electromagnetics: Antennas, microwave circuits, and scattering applications. New York: IEEE Press, 1998.
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2
1958-, Lu Yilong, ed. Microwave and optical waveguide analysis by the finite element method. Taunton, Somerset, England: Research Studies Press, 1996.
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3
Optical control of an 8-element Ka-band phased array using a high-speed optoelectronic interconnect. [Cleveland, Ohio: NASA Lewis Research Center, 1990.
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4
Robust hybrid finite element methods for antennas and microwave circuits. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan, Radiation Laboratory, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1996.
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5
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Reconfigurable array of radiating elements (RARE) controlled by light: Interim technical progress report, reporting period 01/14/94 to 04/14/94. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.
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6
Reconfigurable array of radiating elements (RARE) controlled by light: Interim technical progress report, reporting period 01/14/94 to 04/14/94. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Microwave antenna element"
1
Aluf, Ofer. "Microwave Elements Description and Stability Analysis." In Microwave RF Antennas and Circuits, 155–277. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45427-6_2.
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S., Sandhiya, Harini K., Vikas Yatnalli, Devashree Marotkar, and Ganesh Babu T. R. "Design of Bow Tie Antenna for Industrial IoT Application." In Antenna Design for Narrowband IoT, 92–104. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9315-8.ch007.
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A printed bow-tie antenna is designed and simulated for IoT application. This antenna is designed and fabricated using FR4 dielectric material constant around 0.002. Thickness of the substrate is about 1.6mm. Two triangular elements one as a reflected element of another are arranged in such a manner to propose a single element. Antenna parameters are simulated using CST Microwave Studio, which gives a better compromising with measured results. The proposed antenna resonates at 8GHz with a return loss S11 of - 23.351dB, VSWR of 1.16, directional gain of 5.89dB, respectively.
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Kobayashi, Hirokazu. "Horn Antenna." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 144–77. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2381-0.ch008.
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One of the simple and most widely used microwave antennas is the horn as a feed element for large radio telescopes, satellite tracking, and communication reflector, which are found installed throughout the world. In addition to its utility as a feed for reflectors and lenses, it is a common element of phased arrays and serves as a universal standard for calibration and gain measurement of other high gain antennas. Its widespread applicability stems from its simplicity in construction, ease of excitation, large gain, wide-band characteristics, and preferred overall performance. An electromagnetic horn can take many different forms, such as basic pyramidal, conical, corrugated, double-ridged, and dual polarized horns, as well as horns with lens and so on. The horn is nothing more than a hollow pipe of different cross-sections, which has been tapered to a larger opening aperture. This chapter explains the fundamentals of the pyramidal horn antenna in detail using aperture field method. Numerical and measured examples, are also shown.
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Goswami, Sivaranjan, Kumaresh Sarmah, Angana Sarma, Kandarpa Kumar Sarma, and Sunandan Baruah. "Design Considerations Pertaining to the Application of Complementary Split Ring Resonators in Microstrip Antennas." In Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering, 25–56. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7539-9.ch002.
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Metamaterial-based design of microstrip antennas and other microwave structures have gained enormous popularity worldwide among researchers. The complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) is one of the most commonly used metamaterial structures in this direction. The CSRR structure yields a negative value of its effective permittivity at a narrow band near its resonant frequency. CSRR structure was initially proposed as a notch filtering element in microstrip transmission lines because of the negative permittivity. Later, the CSRR structure found its use in antennas and other microwave applications. The CSRR structure is reported to enhance the performance of a microstrip antenna in terms of its gain and bandwidth. In addition, CSRR structure is also used in the design of dual band antennas and antennas with integrated filters. This chapter deals with the practical design aspects relative to these applications of CSRR structures.
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Ram, Gopi, Rajib Kar, Durbadal Mandal, and Sakti Prasad Ghoshal. "Collective-Animal-Behaviour-Based Optimized Null Placement in Time-Modulated Linear Antenna Arrays." In Recent Developments in Intelligent Nature-Inspired Computing, 115–32. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2322-2.ch005.
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In this paper optimal design of time modulated linear antenna arrays (TMLAA) with optimal placement of nulls in the desired direction of elevation plane has been dealt with the approach based on evolutionary algorithm like collective animal behaviour (CAB). Analysis has been done in theoretical and practical environment. Firstly the current excitation weights of the linear array of isotropic elements have been optimized by CAB is applied to improve null performance of TMLAA by Radio Frequency (RF) switch in MATLAB environment. The nulls positions of a TMLAA can be reduced significantly by optimizing the static excitation amplitudes and proper design of switch-on time intervals of each element. The CAB adjusts the current excitation amplitude of each element to place deeper nulls in the desired directions. Secondly the obtained optimal current excitation weight of the array factor is practically implemented in computer simulation technology- microwave studio (CST- MWS) environment. The array of microstrip patch antenna has been designed to operate at 5.85 GHz.
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Joel Nounga Njanda, Ange, and Paul Samuel Mandeng. "Co-Design Block PA (Power Amplifier)-Antenna for 5G Application at 28 GHz Frequency Band." In Antenna Systems [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98653.
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This subject addresses the issue related to Transmitters for the new communication standard, namely 5G. Indeed to respond to the problems of radio coverage, the speed of services as well as the rise in user demand, transmitters must have ideal characteristics to be able to meet these requirements. This chapter proposes in order to answer such a problem a block made up of a linear array of antennas has 4 elements and a transistor amplifier operating at the 28 GHz frequency band. The Design of the Block is done first by the design of the antenna then the design of the amplifier and finally the junction of the two devices with a matching network to therefore form the block of transmitters Speaking of the design of the antenna, the prepared antenna is a patch antenna with a patch shape excluding the classic shapes which is printed on a Rogers-Duriod 5880 substrate so the thickness is 0.127 mm, the linear antenna array proposed has a gain greater than 15 dB and a Good Bandwidth, the transistor amplifier is in turn printed on the same substrate has the same thickness to minimize the losses during the junction of this one with the antenna, this amplifier offers a higher gain than device 15 dB and therefore the Bandwidth is greater than 2 GHz, each transmitter has an input and output reflection coefficient of less than −10 db. The simulation of each transmitter is made with the CST-microwave software for the Antenna and the ADS (Advanced Design System) software for the amplifier and the Block PA-Antenna. It is important to note that the Block output impedance is 50 ohms making our device more practical and easily commercial.
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Ramadhan Mohammed, Jafar, and Karam Mudhafar Younus. "Radiation Pattern Synthesis of Planar Arrays Using Parasitic Patches Fed by a Small Number of Active Elements." In Modern Printed-Circuit Antennas. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88836.
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In this chapter, several planar array designs based on the use of a small number of the active elements located at the center of the planar array surrounded by another number of the uniformly distributed parasitic elements are investigated. The parasitic elements are used to modify the radiation pattern of the central active elements. The overall radiation pattern of the resulting planar array with a small number of active elements is found to be comparable to that of the fully active array elements with a smaller sidelobe level (SLL) at the cost of a relatively wider beamwidth and lower directivity. Nevertheless, the uses of only a small number of the active elements provide a very simple feeding network that reduces the cost and the complexity of the array. Simulation results which have been computed using computer simulation technology-microwave studio (CST-MWS) show that the sidelobe level of the designed array pattern with parasitic elements is considerably better than that of the similar fully active array elements. The proposed array can be effectively and efficiently used in the applications that require wider antenna beams.
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Bulashenko, Andrew, and Stepan Piltyay. "MODELLING AND OPTIMIZATION OF WAVEGUIDE POLARIZERS WITH THE ACCOUNT OF IRISES THICKNESS." In Integration of traditional and innovation processes of development of modern science. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-021-6-34.
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Today, there is a continuous improvement of modern satellite telecommunication systems caused by the requirements of constantly increasing information volumes. The fundamental elements of such systems are antennas with polarization processing of signals. This processing is mainly performed using microwave waveguide polarizers and orthomode transducers. Therefore, the development and optimization of new waveguide polarizers is a relevant engineering problem. The simplest from the technological point of view are the polarizers based on waveguides with irises. Analysis and optimization of electromagnetic characteristics of a polarizer based on a square waveguide with irises are the goals of the presented research. To solve this optimization problem we have created a new mathematical model, which allows to investigate the influence of the design parameters of the polarizer on its electromagnetic characteristics. A new mathematical model of the polarizer based on square waveguide with irises was created using wave transmission and scattering matrices of the structure elements. Developed mathematical model takes into account the thickness of the irises. A new mathematical model of a waveguide polarizer is based on the general wave scattering matrix. This matrix was calculated using the theory of microwave circuits. The main characteristics of the square waveguide polarizer were expressed through the elements of this matrix. The developed new mathematical model of a square waveguide polarizer with irises takes into account the heights of the irises, the distances between them and their thickness. The new mathematical model is simpler and faster for the determination of the electromagnetic characteristics of the waveguide polarizer compared to the finite integration technique, which is often applied to analyze microwave devices for various purposes. In addition, developed new mathematical model of the waveguide iris polarizer allows to estimate the variations of all required electromagnetic characteristics if the structure parameters deviate from their optimal values. Using the created mathematical model we have carried out the optimization of the polarizer matching and polarization characteristics in the operating satellite Ku-band 10.7–12.8 GHz. Simulated optimum design of the waveguide polarizer provides VSWR for horizontal and vertical polarizations less than 3.26. Optimized differential phase shift is 90° ± 4.2°. Axial ratio of the waveguide iris polarizer is less than 1.43 dB. Corresponding XPD is higher than 21.7 dB.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Microwave antenna element"
1
Hsieh, Sung-Nien, and Tah-Hsiung Chu. "A four-element reflecto-nulling antenna array." In 2006 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apmc.2006.4429822.
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Teimoori, Khashayar, Ferri Hassani, Agus Pulung Sasmito, and Ali Ghoreishi Madiseh. "Numerical Investigations of the Single-Mode Microwave Treatment Effects on Rock Breakage." In Ampere 2019. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ampere2019.2019.9646.
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In this study, a rock model which consists of a conceptual block (host rock and ore sample) is numerically modeled by using the finite element method. The rock model is subjected to several single-mode microwave treatments with different power levels, distances from the antenna, and exposure times in order to calculate and compare the corresponding effects including temperature distribution and mechanical stress/damage profiles. The main objective of the present study is to analyze the distribution of temperature and mechanical stress at the boundary of two different attached rocks when exposed to microwaves. This enables comparing the intensity of the distribution with respect to the applied microwave input operating parameters and, consequently, understanding rock preconditioning. The results of the present study verify that an increase in temperature by microwave treatment facilitates the rock weakening process. Also, a more efficient selection of the distance from the antenna and the power level can maximize the overall impact of the microwave treatment on rock preconditioning which ultimately helps with the rock breakage mechanism.
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Du, Jie, Ping Li, and Xiaowei Shi. "A New CTS Antenna Element." In 2019 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmmt45702.2019.8992377.
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Morita, Masanori, and Isao Ohtomo. "LMS adaptive array antenna using circular element arrangement." In 26th European Microwave Conference, 1996. IEEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/euma.1996.337556.
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Wincza, Krzysztof, and Slawomir Gruszczynski. "Four-element series-fed antenna subarray for high-frequency antenna applications." In 2007 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference - (APMC 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apmc.2007.4555026.
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Huss, L. G., R. Gunnarsson, P. Andersson, and R. Erickson. "A wideband, wide angle scan, microstrip array antenna element." In 2005 European Microwave Conference. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eumc.2005.1610360.
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Sherar, M. D., L. Chin, M. C. Kolios, and A. S. Gladman. "The Effect of Heat Induced Changes in Microwave Tissue Properties on Microwave Thermal Therapy for Prostate Cancer." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0590.
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Abstract The delivery of heat to the prostate using microwave antennas is being investigated as an experimental treatment for prostate cancer. Tissue temperatures can be calculated by solving the bioheat equation with the volumetric power deposition of the antenna as an input. This heating pattern is expected to change during heating due to changes in the electrical properties of the prostate. We have measured the microwave properties of rat prostate as a function of temperature and time and applied these parameters to the solution of the bioheat equation. We describe the nature of the changes in prostate tissue properties with heating. In addition, we present simulations of microwave heating in prostate tissue which illustrate the significance of including heat induced changes in tissue properties for this thermal therapy application. The prostate tissue measurements were performed using a loaded coaxial cable technique where the tissue sample could be rapidly heated as measurements were taken. Prostate treatment simulations were performed using a finite element approach to the bioheat equation.
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Bondarik, A., Dong Suk Jun, Joung Myoun Kim, and Je Hoon Yun. "60 GHz system-on-package antenna array with parasitic microstrip antenna single element." In 2008 Asia Pacific Microwave Conference. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apmc.2008.4958125.
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Menudier, C., M. Thevenot, E. Arnaud, A. Oueslati, F. Fezai, T. Monediere, N. Chevalier, and S. Reynaud. "Synthesis of a 2D reconfigurable parasitic element antenna." In 2016 46th European Microwave Conference (EuMC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eumc.2016.7824484.
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Yakimov, A. N., and A. V. Nerobeev. "Optimization of Microwave Antenna Designs Using Finite Element Models." In 2019 Wave Electronics and its Application in Information and Telecommunication Systems (WECONF). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/weconf.2019.8840598.
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