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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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1

Simon, Peter, Marcin Frankowski, Nicole Bock, and Jörg Neukammer. "Label-free whole blood cell differentiation based on multiple frequency AC impedance and light scattering analysis in a micro flow cytometer." Lab on a Chip 16, no. 12 (2016): 2326–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6lc00128a.

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2

Sarkar, Amrita, Sanjay Khandelwal, Serge Yarovoi, Gowthami M. Arepally, Douglas B. Cines, Mortimer Poncz, and Lubica Rauova. "Fc-Modified Kko: A Novel Therapeutic for Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT), Reversing Both the Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-146233.

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Анотація:

Abstract Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immunogenic prothrombotic disorder caused by antibodies that recognize human platelet factor 4 (PF4) complexed to polyanions. We had previously shown using chimeric constructs of hPF4 and mouse (m) PF4 and chimeras with the related chemokine, neutrophil-activating peptide-2 that there is a single antigenic locus on hPF4 in these complexes to which most HIT antibodies bind. KKO is a mouse monoclonal IgG2b k anti-hPF4/polyanion monoclonal antibody that mimics pathogenic antibodies that induce HIT and provokes thrombosis in a murine model of HIT. We previously established that specific hydrolysis of N-linked glycans in the Fc-region of KKO by endoglycosidase from Streptococcus pyogenes EndoS (Genovis) yields >97% deglycosylation on LC-MS/MS generating DGKKO. This modification has no significant effect on binding to PF4-heparin complexes as shown by ELISA and by dynamic light scattering, but abrogates FcgRIIA-mediated binding and platelet activation, and decreases complement activation as evaluated by flow cytometry. To examine if DGKKO reduces prothrombotic effects, we compared DGKKO with KKO in human microfluidic system lined with human umbilical vein cells (HUVECs) that are then photochemically injured and a murine model involving "HIT mice" (mice that express FcgRIIA and human PF4 and lack mouse PF4). Using the microfluidic system described above and infusing blood from healthy donors with added human PF4 (25 µg/ml) and KKO (50 µg/ml) or HIT IgG from three individuals with SRA-positive HIT (1mg/ml) resulted in increased platelet adherence to the injured endothelium (Figure 1). Addition of DGKKO (50 µg/ml) 15 minutes after addition of HIT antibodies eliminated platelet accumulation (Figure 1). In the HIT murine model, we found that intraperitoneal (IP, 200 µg/mice) or intravenous (IV, 20 µg/mice) DGKKO did not induce thrombocytopenia in HIT mice, but reversed the thrombocytopenia induced by either IP KKO (200 µg/mice) or HIT IgG (1 mg/mice) even when the DGKKO is given 6 hrs after HIT induction (Figure 2A). We used an intravital cremaster laser arteriole injury model in HIT mice to study the efficacy of DGKKO as an antithrombotic agent. We found that unlike KKO that enhances growth of established thrombi in these mice, DGKKO significantly reversed the size of the observed thrombi (Figure 2B). These studies suggest that DGKKO obstructs the HIT antigenic site recognized by HIT antibodies and leads to a reversal of thrombocytopenia and thrombus size. Additional studies are underway to examine if DGKKO can be used as a monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in the murine model of HIT thrombosis. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Cines: Rigel: Consultancy; Dova: Consultancy; Treeline: Consultancy; Arch Oncol: Consultancy; Jannsen: Consultancy; Taventa: Consultancy; Principia: Other: Data Safety Monitoring Board.

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3

Sen Gupta, Anirban. "Synthetic Platelets for Treatment of Traumatic Hemorrhage and Thrombocytopenia." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): SCI—37—SCI—37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-121079.

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Анотація:

Platelets are primarily responsible for staunching bleeding by forming a 'platelet plug' and further amplifying thrombin generation on its surface to facilitate fibrin formation, leading to hemostatic clot formation at the site of vascular breach. Therefore, platelet transfusions are clinically used to mitigate bleeding risks in thrombocytopenia (prophylactic transfusion) and to mitigate hemorrhage in traumatic injuries (emergency transfusion). Currently these transfusions utilize donor-derived platelets, stored at 20-24oC with gentle agitation. In this condition, platelets have high risk of bacterial contamination and very short shelf-life (~ 5 days), which severely limit their logistical availability and use. Several parallel strategies are currently undergoing research to address these issues, including platelet storage at reduced temperatures (chilled or freeze-dried), pathogen reduction technologies and bioreactor-based in vitro platelet production from precursor cells. An alternative (and complimentary) approach that is the focus of our research is the engineering of I.V.-administrable synthetic hemostat nanoparticles that functionally mimic platelet's clotting mechanisms. These 'synthetic platelet' nanoparticle systems can be manufactured at large scale, sterilized without compromising functions and stored for long periods of time (6-9 months), thereby allowing significant logistical advantages in transfusion applications. Here we present in vitro and in vivo evaluation of such technology. For these studies, the 'synthetic platelet' nanoparticles were manufactured by decorating liposomes with a combination of VWF-binding, collagen-binding and fibrinogen-mimetic peptides, for integrative mimicry of platelet's hemostasis-relevant adhesive and aggregatory mechanisms. The nanoparticles were stored at room temperature in aqueous suspension as well as lyophilized powder, and particle stability was assessed over 6-9 months by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The nanoparticles were also exposed to E-beam sterilization, and particle stability as well platelet-mimetic bioactivity was assessed by DLS, aggregometry, microfluidics and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM). The systemic safety and targeted hemostatic efficacy of I.V.-administered nanoparticles were evaluated in mouse model of thrombocytopenia, and in mouse, rat and pig models of traumatic hemorrhage. DLS and electron microscopy confirmed that the synthetic platelet nanoparticles have a size of 150-200 nm diameter, and they remain stable over 6-9 months in storage. Microfluidic studies showed that these nanoparticles could rapidly adhere to 'vWF + collagen'-coated surfaces and enhance the recruitment and aggregation of active platelets on these surfaces. Aggregometry studies showed that the nanoparticles did not affect resting platelets but enhanced aggregation of ADP- or collagen-activated platelets (i.e. no thrombotic risk towards resting platelets). Flow cytometry studies confirmed this specificity of nanoparticle binding to active platelets. ROTEM studies showed that the 'synthetic platelet' nanoparticles significantly improved clot kinetics and firmness. In vivo, in all animal models, the nanoparticles showed no systemic pro-thrombotic effects, as assessed by hemodynamics as well as organ histology. In thrombocytopenic mice, prophylactically administered 'synthetic platelet' nanoparticles dose-dependently reduced tail bleeding time. In mouse, rat and pig trauma models, post-injury administration of 'synthetic platelet' nanoparticles reduced blood loss, stabilized blood pressure, delayed hypotension and thereby significantly improved survival. The nanoparticles could be further utilized as a platform for targeted presentation of phosphatidylserine (PS) to augment thrombin generation, or targeted delivery of tranexamic acid (TXA) for anti-fibrinolytic effect or delivery of inorganic polyphosphate (PolyP) to augment clot stability. These studies not only establish the potential of these nanoparticles as a platelet surrogate for transfusion applications, but also demonstrate their utilization as a platform for modular augmentation of various hemostatic outputs in prophylactic and emergency applications. Figure Disclosures Sen Gupta: Haima Therapeutics LLC: Equity Ownership.

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4

Connerty, Patrick, Ernest Moles, Charles E. de Bock, Nisitha Jayatilleke, Jenny L. Smith, Soheil Meshinchi, Chelsea Mayoh, Maria Kavallaris, and Richard B. Lock. "Development of siRNA-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles Targeting Long Non-Coding RNA LINC01257 as a Novel and Safe Therapeutic Approach for t(8;21) Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 10 (October 14, 2021): 1681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101681.

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Standard of care therapies for children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cause potent off-target toxicity to healthy cells, highlighting the need to develop new therapeutic approaches that are safe and specific for leukemia cells. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an emerging and highly attractive therapeutic target in the treatment of cancer due to their oncogenic functions and selective expression in cancer cells. However, lncRNAs have historically been considered ‘undruggable’ targets because they do not encode for a protein product. Here, we describe the development of a new siRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticle for the therapeutic silencing of the novel oncogenic lncRNA LINC01257. Transcriptomic analysis of children with AML identified LINC01257 as specifically expressed in t(8;21) AML and absent in healthy patients. Using NxGen microfluidic technology, we efficiently and reproducibly packaged anti-LINC01257 siRNA (LNP-si-LINC01257) into lipid nanoparticles based on the FDA-approved Patisiran (Onpattro®) formulation. LNP-si-LINC01257 size and ζ-potential were determined by dynamic light scattering using a Malvern Zetasizer Ultra. LNP-si-LINC01257 internalization and siRNA delivery were verified by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis. lncRNA knockdown was determined by RT-qPCR and cell viability was characterized by flow cytometry-based apoptosis assay. LNP-siRNA production yielded a mean LNP size of ~65 nm with PDI ≤ 0.22 along with a >85% siRNA encapsulation rate. LNP-siRNAs were efficiently taken up by Kasumi-1 cells (>95% of cells) and LNP-si-LINC01257 treatment was able to successfully ablate LINC01257 expression which was accompanied by a significant 55% reduction in total cell count following 48 h of treatment. In contrast, healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which do not express LINC01257, were unaffected by LNP-si-LINC01257 treatment despite comparable levels of LNP-siRNA uptake. This is the first report demonstrating the use of LNP-assisted RNA interference modalities for the silencing of cancer-driving lncRNAs as a therapeutically viable and non-toxic approach in the management of AML.

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5

Seiffert, Sebastian, Janine Dubbert, Walter Richtering, and David A. Weitz. "Reduced UV light scattering in PDMS microfluidic devices." Lab on a Chip 11, no. 5 (2011): 966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0lc00594k.

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6

Dannhauser, D., D. Rossi, F. Causa, P. Memmolo, A. Finizio, T. Wriedt, J. Hellmers, Y. Eremin, P. Ferraro, and P. A. Netti. "Optical signature of erythrocytes by light scattering in microfluidic flows." Lab on a Chip 15, no. 16 (2015): 3278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5lc00525f.

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7

Su, Xuan-Tao, Kirat Singh, Clarence Capjack, Jiří Petráček, Christopher Backhouse, and Wojciech Rozmus. "Measurements of light scattering in an integrated microfluidic waveguide cytometer." Journal of Biomedical Optics 13, no. 2 (2008): 024024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.2909670.

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8

Chastek, Thomas Q., Kathryn L. Beers, and Eric J. Amis. "Miniaturized dynamic light scattering instrumentation for use in microfluidic applications." Review of Scientific Instruments 78, no. 7 (July 2007): 072201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2755569.

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9

Ivanov, Yu V., A. R. Karimov, L. N. Pyatnitsky, A. P. Seryakov, and V. A. Shcheglov. "Light Scattering by Human Blood Plasma." Journal of Russian Laser Research 26, no. 5 (September 2005): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10946-005-0039-8.

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10

He, Jiangping, Anders Karlsson, Johannes Swartling, and Stefan Andersson-Engels. "Light scattering by multiple red blood cells." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 21, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 1953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.21.001953.

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11

Tsinopoulos, Stephanos V., Euripides J. Sellountos, and Demosthenes Polyzos. "Light scattering by aggregated red blood cells." Applied Optics 41, no. 7 (March 1, 2002): 1408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.41.001408.

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12

Postnov, Dmitry D., Jianbo Tang, Sefik Evren Erdener, Kıvılcım Kılıç, and David A. Boas. "Dynamic light scattering imaging." Science Advances 6, no. 45 (November 2020): eabc4628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc4628.

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Анотація:

We introduce dynamic light scattering imaging (DLSI) to enable the wide-field measurement of the speckle temporal intensity autocorrelation function. DLSI uses the full temporal sampling of speckle fluctuations and a comprehensive model to identify the dynamic scattering regime and obtain a quantitative image of the scatterer dynamics. It reveals errors in the traditional theory of laser Doppler flowmetry and laser speckle contrast imaging and provides guidance on the best model to use in cerebral blood flow imaging.

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13

Wang, Yudong, Bharath Babu Nunna, Niladri Talukder, and Eon Soo Lee. "Microfluidic-Based Novel Optical Quantification of Red Blood Cell Concentration in Blood Flow." Bioengineering 9, no. 6 (June 8, 2022): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9060247.

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The optical quantification of hematocrit (volumetric percentage of red blood cells) in blood flow in microfluidic systems provides enormous help in designing microfluidic biosensing platforms with enhanced sensitivity. Although several existing methods, such as centrifugation, complete blood cell count, etc., have been developed to measure the hematocrit of the blood at the sample preparation stage, these methods are impractical to measure the hematocrit in dynamic microfluidic blood flow cases. An easy-to-access optical method has emerged as a hematocrit quantification technique to address this limitation, especially for the microfluidic-based biosensing platform. A novel optical quantification method is demonstrated in this study, which can measure the hematocrit of the blood flow at a targeted location in a microchannel at any given instant. The images of the blood flow were shot using a high-speed camera through an inverted transmission microscope at various light source intensities, and the grayscale of the images was measured using an image processing code. By measuring the average grayscale of the images of blood flow at different luminous exposures, a relationship between hematocrit and grayscale has been developed. The quantification of the hematocrit in the microfluidic system can be instant and easy with this method. The innovative proposed technique has been evaluated with porcine blood samples with hematocrit ranging from 5% to 70%, flowing through 1000 µm wide and 100 µm deep microchannels. The experimental results obtained strongly supported the proposed optical technique of hematocrit measurement in microfluidic systems.

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14

Yang, Ning, Rongbiao Zhang, Hanping Mao, Jun Sun, Xinyi Tao, and JianJiang Guo. "Low-Noise Immune Microfluidic Biochemical Detection Based on Latex Enhanced Light Scattering." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 13, no. 9 (September 1, 2016): 5914–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2016.5506.

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15

Borovoi, A. G. "Scattering of Light by a Red Blood Cell." Journal of Biomedical Optics 3, no. 3 (July 1998): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.429883.

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16

Solen, Kenneth, Sivaprasad Sukavaneshvar, Yu Zheng, Brian Hanrahan, Matthew Hall, Paul Goodman, Benjamin Goodman, and Fazal Mohammad. "Light-scattering instrument to detect thromboemboli in blood." Journal of Biomedical Optics 8, no. 1 (2003): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.1527934.

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17

Takanezawa, Y., H. Kashiwagi, and M. Iwasaka. "Remote sensing of microfluidic tracers by light scattering from microcrystals under magnetic fields." AIP Advances 7, no. 5 (May 2017): 056732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4978406.

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18

Haiden, Christoph, Thomas Wopelka, Martin Jech, Dietmar Puchberger-Enengl, Emanuel Weber, Franz Keplinger, and Michael J. Vellekoop. "A Microfluidic System for Visualisation of Individual Sub-micron Particles by Light Scattering." Procedia Engineering 47 (2012): 680–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.238.

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19

Joseph, David, and Amit Kumar. "Static Laser Light Scattering Studies from Red Blood Cells." Optics and Photonics Journal 06, no. 10 (2016): 237–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/opj.2016.610025.

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20

Kalchenko, Vyacheslav, Alexander Brill, Michael Bayewitch, Ilya Fine, Vladimir Zharov, Ekaterina Galanzha, Valery Tuchin, and Alon Harmelin. "In vivo dynamic light scattering imaging of blood coagulation." Journal of Biomedical Optics 12, no. 5 (2007): 052002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.2778695.

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21

Karlsson, A., J. He, J. Swartling, and S. Andersson-Engels. "Numerical Simulations of Light Scattering by Red Blood Cells." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 52, no. 1 (January 2005): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2004.839634.

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22

Kim, Youngchan, John M. Higgins, Ramachandra R. Dasari, Subra Suresh, and YongKeun Park. "Anisotropic light scattering of individual sickle red blood cells." Journal of Biomedical Optics 17, no. 4 (2012): 040501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.17.4.040501.

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23

Sun, Jing, Lan Wang, Qiao Liu, Attila Tárnok, and Xuantao Su. "Deep learning-based light scattering microfluidic cytometry for label-free acute lymphocytic leukemia classification." Biomedical Optics Express 11, no. 11 (October 23, 2020): 6674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/boe.405557.

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24

Norman, Alexander I., Wenhua Zhang, Kathryn L. Beers, and Eric J. Amis. "Microfluidic light scattering as a tool to study the structure of aqueous polymer solutions." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 299, no. 2 (July 2006): 580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2006.02.025.

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25

Kim, Keesung, Ho-Sup Jung, Jae-Young Song, Man-Ryul Lee, Kye-Seong Kim, and Kahp-Yang Suh. "Rapid detection ofMycoplasma pneumoniain a microfluidic device using immunoagglutination assay and static light scattering." ELECTROPHORESIS 30, no. 18 (September 2009): 3206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.200900136.

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26

Batool, Sidra, Mehwish Nisar, Fabio Mangini, Fabrizio Frezza, and Eugenio Fazio. "Scattering of Light from the Systemic Circulatory System." Diagnostics 10, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10121026.

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Анотація:

There are many factors of methodological origin that influence the measurement of optical properties of the entire circulatory system which consists of blood as the basic component. The basic idea of this review article is to provide the optical properties of the circulatory system with all those factors of influence that have been employed in biomedical optics for different applications. We begin with the available optical properties, i.e., absorption, scattering and, reduced scattering coefficient, in general for any tissue inside the human body and prominent scattering theories (e.g., light, X-rays, neutrons) that are helpful in this regard. We have reviewed and compiled already available formulas and their respective available data for different human tissues for these optical properties. Then we have descended to the blood composition and to different scattering techniques available in the literature to study scattering and light propagation inside blood. We have reviewed both computational and theoretical scattering techniques.

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27

Rossi, Domenico, David Dannhauser, Mariarosaria Telesco, Paolo A. Netti, and Filippo Causa. "CD4+ versus CD8+ T-lymphocyte identification in an integrated microfluidic chip using light scattering and machine learning." Lab on a Chip 19, no. 22 (2019): 3888–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9lc00695h.

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Human CD4+ and CD8+ cells are label-free investigated in a compact-dimension microfluidic chip for detailing biophysical properties. A machine learning approach on obtained results allows an accuracy of cell counting and classification up to 88%.

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28

Batarseh, Mahed, Jose Rafael Guzman-Sepulveda, Ruitao Wu, William M. DeCampli, and Aristide Dogariu. "Passive Coagulability Assay Based on Coherence-Gated Light Scattering." Hemato 1, no. 2 (October 20, 2020): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hemato1020009.

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Coagulation monitoring relies on in vitro tests where the clot formation is induced using external stimuli. We report an optical method capable of revealing the propensity of coagulation based solely on the natural dynamics of erythrocytes in whole blood. In contrast to traditional techniques, our approach provides means to assess the blood coagulability without the need to chemically trigger the coagulation. Results of correlations with standard clinical methods suggest that this optical assay could be used for continuous management of blood coagulation during clinical procedures.

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29

Yang, Jun, Jing Yang, Qing He You, Ning Hu, Yong Li, Jie Chen, Ting Yu Li, Jing Xu, and Yi Cao. "Design and Performance of a Microfluidic Particle Sorting Device." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.668.

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A microfluidic chip device was developed for rapid and automatic particle sorting. The chip was made up of six individual layers. Each layer was used to implement different functions such as the sample loading, electric voltage loading, optic detection, cell sorting, and product extraction. Sheath flow was used to form single-row cells in order to let cells flow through the optic detection zone one by one. Optic fiber based detector could distinguish particles with different sizes. When a particle flowed through the light beam between two opposite optic fibers, it induced the dispersion of the incident light. The size of the particle was related with the strength of the scattering light. Thus, different particles could be distinguished. In the detection method, light path was simple and label was not required. Furthermore, optic fiber based detector was helpful to decrease the volume of the whole system. When desired particle was detected, it would be separated in the downstream by using an electric deflection method. Two types of particles with different sizes were sorted by using a prototype device. The result showed that these particles could be obviously distinguished. This microfluidic system could also be used to sort biological cells. Instantaneous electric field on the cells could prevent cells from severe injuries.

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30

Prima, Giulia Di, Fabio Librizzi, and Rita Carrotta. "Light Scattering as an Easy Tool to Measure Vesicles Weight Concentration." Membranes 10, no. 9 (September 3, 2020): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10090222.

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Over the last few decades, liposomes have emerged as promising drug delivery systems and effective membrane models for studying biophysical and biological processes. For all applications, knowing their concentration after preparation is crucial. Thus, the development of methods for easily controlling vesicles concentration would be of great utility. A new assay is presented here, based on a suitable analysis of light scattering intensity from liposome dispersions. The method, tested for extrusion preparations, is precise, easy, fast, non-destructive and uses a tiny amount of sample. Furthermore, the scattering intensity can be measured indifferently at different angles, or even by using the elastic band obtained from a standard spectrofluorimeter. To validate the method, the measured concentrations of vesicles of different matrix compositions and sizes, measured by light scattering with different angles and instruments, were compared to the data obtained by the standard Stewart assay. Consistent results were obtained. The light scattering assay is based on the assessment of the mass fraction lost in the preparation, and can be applied for methods such as extrusion, homogenization, French press and other microfluidic procedures.

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31

Paul, Ratul, Yuyuan Zhou, Mehdi Nikfar, Meghdad Razizadeh, and Yaling Liu. "Quantitative absorption imaging of red blood cells to determine physical and mechanical properties." RSC Advances 10, no. 64 (2020): 38923–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05421f.

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The constant thickness in the microfluidic channel is used for controlled absorption of red and blue light to measure red blood cell hemoglobin and height mapping. High speed recording of the height mapping provides us the membrane fluctuation.

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32

Sloot, P. M. A., and C. G. Figdor. "Elastic light scattering from nucleated blood cells: rapid numerical analysis." Applied Optics 25, no. 19 (October 1, 1986): 3559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.25.003559.

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33

Lee, Seungjun, and Wei Lu. "Backward elastic light scattering of malaria infected red blood cells." Applied Physics Letters 99, no. 7 (August 15, 2011): 073704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3627173.

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34

Lim, Joonoh, Huafeng Ding, Mustafa Mir, Ruoyu Zhu, Krishnarao Tangella, and Gabriel Popescu. "Born approximation model for light scattering by red blood cells." Biomedical Optics Express 2, no. 10 (September 13, 2011): 2784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/boe.2.002784.

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35

Nilsson, Annika M. K., Peter Alsholm, Anders Karlsson, and Stefan Andersson-Engels. "T-matrix computations of light scattering by red blood cells." Applied Optics 37, no. 13 (May 1, 1998): 2735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.37.002735.

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36

KALCHENKO, V., D. PREISE, M. BAYEWITCH, I. FINE, K. BURD, and ALON HARMELIN. "In vivo dynamic light scattering microscopy of tumour blood vessels." Journal of Microscopy 228, no. 2 (November 2007): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2007.01832.x.

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David, P. J., Anil C. Nair, V. J. Menon, and D. N. Tripathi. "Laser light scattering studies from blood platelets and their aggregates." Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 6, no. 2 (March 1996): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0927-7765(95)01236-2.

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38

Dai, Jie, Wei Li, Baoyu Gong, Huimin Wang, Min Xia, and Kecheng Yang. "Measurement of the light scattering of single micrometer-sized particles captured with a microfluidic trap." Optics Express 23, no. 23 (November 10, 2015): 30204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.030204.

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39

Mei, Zhe, Tsung-Feng Wu, Luca Pion-Tonachini, Wen Qiao, Chao Zhao, Zhiwen Liu, and Yu-Hwa Lo. "Applying an optical space-time coding method to enhance light scattering signals in microfluidic devices." Biomicrofluidics 5, no. 3 (September 2011): 034116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3624740.

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40

Chastek, Thomas Q., Kazunori Iida, Eric J. Amis, Michael J. Fasolka, and Kathryn L. Beers. "A microfluidic platform for integrated synthesis and dynamic light scattering measurement of block copolymer micelles." Lab on a Chip 8, no. 6 (2008): 950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b718235j.

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41

Kickham, Laura Christine, Anthony M. McElligott, Adriele Prina-Mello, Elisabeth A. Vandenberghe, Yuri Volkov, and Paul Browne. "Interrogating the Interaction of CD52 Functionalised Metallic Nanoparticles with Malignant B Lymphocytes." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4437.4437.

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Анотація:

Abstract Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL) is a common B-lymphoid malignancy with over 200,000 people affected annually in Europe and the US. The aim of therapy is to increase the quality and duration of life using well tolerated treatment. Novel intracellular drug delivery systems such as functionalised nanoparticles (NPs), conjugated to antibodies such as anti-CD20 or anti-CD52 directed at cell surface markers may help address this need. We have explored the feasibility of targeting nanoparticles in CLL using a microfluidics based adhesion assay, anti CD52 cell targeting and Fludarabine therapy. Methods B cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of normal healthy donors and CLL patients. The CLL cell line, I-83, was maintained under standard conditions. Epifluorescent, laser scanning confocal and electron microscopy was utilised for imaging the interaction of metallic NPs with cells. The metallic NPs were polymer-coated for biocompatibility and cellular toxicity was assessed using flow cytometric analysis based on changes in light scattering. NPs distribution on the surface of the cells was visualized using epifluorescent and Helium ion microscopy, cellular uptake and alterations in cell morphology after NP treatment was imaged by confocal microscopy. Cell adhesion and migration behaviour under fluid shear flow conditions mimicking CLL cells in vivo was investigated using a microfluidics system utilising biochips coated with VCAM-1 and seeded with Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) or Human Dermal Lymphatic Endothelial Cells. CD52-Alexa Fluor® 633 was conjugated to the surface of silanized NPs (NP1) using standard carbo-diimide cross linker chemistry techniques and successful functionalisation of NPs was validated using flow cytometric analysis, monitoring a shift in fluorescent population. I-83 cells and patient-derived malignant B cells were treated using pH sensitive dye doped NPs and pH sensitive dye doped NP1 in order to assess interaction of nanoparticles with cells. Uptake measurements were performed through quantification of the fluorescence of the pH sensitive dye. As proof of concept, Fludarabine was then incorporated on to the surface of NPs in order to investigate its potential as a nanotherapeutic. Cytotoxicity studies were performed using flow cytometric analysis mentioned above following a 24 hour incubation. Results and Conclusions Quantitative and qualitative analysis identified uptake of NPs by normal and malignant B-lymphocytes with optimal NPs concentration for uptake determined at 25 μg/ml. Non-functionalised NPs in the range of 15-50nm were internalised by cells. There was a notable decrease in the interaction of NPs with cells under physiologically relevant fluid shear flow in comparison to static conditions, resulting in a corresponding decrease in uptake, highlighting the rationale for a CLL cell-targeted NP. The results of the adhesion experiment using I-83 cells and patient derived CLL cells to the HUVEC monolayer in a micro-fluidics system showed that patient CLL adhesion decreased after NP treatment (p=0.01, n=3). Cytotoxicity studies show that exposure to uncoated Fe2O3 nanoparticles yields an IC50 value of 23μg/mL +/- 5 μg/mL in comparison to coated, stabilized Fe2O3 nanoparticles with an IC50 of 49μg/mL +/- 5 μg/mL. Functionalisation of NPs with CD52 antibody (NP-1) resulted in significantly increased uptake (p<0.0001, n=3) and cytotoxicity. Preparation of these nanoparticles was reproducible and the particles remained stable in suspension for over 4 weeks. Cells treated with NPs bound Fludarabine were found to have significantly increased cytotoxicity in comparison to stabilized NPs (IC50 of 21μg/mL +/- 1μg/mL. In summary, this work provides proof of concept of efficacy for a targeted nanotherapeutic in haematological malignancies. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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42

Thio, Si, and Sung-Yong Park. "Optical Dielectrophoretic (DEP) Manipulation of Oil-Immersed Aqueous Droplets on a Plasmonic-Enhanced Photoconductive Surface." Micromachines 13, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13010112.

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We present a plasmonic-enhanced dielectrophoretic (DEP) phenomenon to improve optical DEP performance of a floating electrode optoelectronic tweezers (FEOET) device, where aqueous droplets can be effectively manipulated on a light-patterned photoconductive surface immersed in an oil medium. To offer device simplicity and cost-effectiveness, recent studies have utilized a polymer-based photoconductive material such as titanium oxide phthalocyanine (TiOPc). However, the TiOPc has much poorer photoconductivity than that of semiconductors like amorphous silicon (a-Si), significantly limiting optical DEP applications. The study herein focuses on the FEOET device for which optical DEP performance can be greatly enhanced by utilizing plasmonic nanoparticles as light scattering elements to improve light absorption of the low-quality TiOPc. Numerical simulation studies of both plasmonic light scattering and electric field enhancement were conducted to verify wide-angle scattering light rays and an approximately twofold increase in electric field gradient with the presence of nanoparticles. Similarly, a spectrophotometric study conducted on the absorption spectrum of the TiOPc has shown light absorption improvement (nearly twofold) of the TiOPc layer. Additionally, droplet dynamics study experimentally demonstrated a light-actuated droplet speed of 1.90 mm/s, a more than 11-fold improvement due to plasmonic light scattering. This plasmonic-enhanced FEOET technology can considerably improve optical DEP capability even with poor-quality photoconductive materials, thus providing low-cost, easy-fabrication solutions for various droplet-based microfluidic applications.

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43

Hong, Linda, Yao-Da Dong, and Ben J. Boyd. "Preparation of Nanostructured Lipid Drug Delivery Particles Using Microfluidic Mixing." Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology 7, no. 6 (December 10, 2019): 484–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211738507666191004123545.

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Background: Cubosomes are highly ordered self-assembled lipid particles analogous to liposomes, but with internal liquid crystalline structure. They are receiving interest as stimuli responsive delivery particles, but their preparation typically requires high energy approaches such as sonication which is not favourable in many applications. Objective: Here we investigated the impact of microfluidic preparation on particle size distribution and internal structure of cubosomes prepared from two different lipid systems, phytantriol and glyceryl monooleate (GMO). Methods: The impact of relative flow rates of the aqueous and organic streams, the total flow rate and temperature were investigated in a commercial microfluidic system. The particle size distribution and structure were measured using dynamic light scattering and small angle X-ray scattering respectively. Results: Phytantriol based particles were robust to different processing conditions, while cubosomes formed using GMO were more sensitive to composition both locally and globally, which reflects their preparation using other techniques. Conclusion: Thus, in summary microfluidics represents a reproducible and versatile method to prepare complex lipid particle dispersions such as cubosomes.

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44

Gomez-Cruz, Clara, Sonia Laguna, Ariadna Bachiller-Pulido, Cristina Quilez, Marina Cañadas-Ortega, Ignacio Albert-Smet, Jorge Ripoll, and Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia. "Single Plane Illumination Microscopy for Microfluidic Device Imaging." Biosensors 12, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12121110.

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Three-dimensional imaging of live processes at a cellular level is a challenging task. It requires high-speed acquisition capabilities, low phototoxicity, and low mechanical disturbances. Three-dimensional imaging in microfluidic devices poses additional challenges as a deep penetration of the light source is required, along with a stationary setting, so the flows are not perturbed. Different types of fluorescence microscopy techniques have been used to address these limitations; particularly, confocal microscopy and light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM). This manuscript proposes a novel architecture of a type of LSFM, single-plane illumination microscopy (SPIM). This custom-made microscope includes two mirror galvanometers to scan the sample vertically and reduce shadowing artifacts while avoiding unnecessary movement. In addition, two electro-tunable lenses fine-tune the focus position and reduce the scattering caused by the microfluidic devices. The microscope has been fully set up and characterized, achieving a resolution of 1.50 μm in the x-y plane and 7.93 μm in the z-direction. The proposed architecture has risen to the challenges posed when imaging microfluidic devices and live processes, as it can successfully acquire 3D volumetric images together with time-lapse recordings, and it is thus a suitable microscopic technique for live tracking miniaturized tissue and disease models.

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45

Apostolopoulos, G., S. Tsinopoulos, and E. Dermatas. "Estimation of human red blood cells size using light scattering images." Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 9, no. 1-2 (July 30, 2009): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jcm-2009-0254.

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46

Yang, Ye, Zhenxi Zhang, Xinhui Yang, Joon Hock Yeo, LiJun Jiang, and Dazong Jiang. "Blood cell counting and classification by nonflowing laser light scattering method." Journal of Biomedical Optics 9, no. 5 (2004): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.1782572.

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47

Zohdi, T. I., and F. A. Kuypers. "Modelling and rapid simulation of multiple red blood cell light scattering." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 3, no. 11 (July 5, 2006): 823–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2006.0139.

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The goal of this work is to develop a computational framework to rapidly simulate the light scattering response of multiple red blood cells. Because the wavelength of visible light (3.8×10 −7 m≤ λ ≤7.2×10 −7 m) is approximately an order of magnitude smaller than the diameter of a typical red blood cell scatterer ( d ≈8×10 −6 m), geometric ray-tracing theory is applicable, and can be used to quickly ascertain the amount of optical energy, characterized by the Poynting vector, that is reflected and absorbed by multiple red blood cells. The overall objective is to provide a straightforward approach that can be easily implemented by researchers in the field, using standard desktop computers. Three-dimensional examples are given to illustrate the approach and the results compare quite closely to experiments on blood samples conducted at the Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI).

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48

Steenbergen, Wiendelt, Roy Kolkman, and Frits de Mul. "Light-scattering properties of undiluted human blood subjected to simple shear." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 16, no. 12 (December 1, 1999): 2959. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.16.002959.

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49

Maslova, Marina, Alexander Zaritskiy, and Leonid Chaykov. "The Blood Plasma Particles Sizes Oscillations Observed by Dynamic Light Scattering." Biophysical Journal 106, no. 2 (January 2014): 457a—458a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.2595.

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JANG, Dongwoo, Taeyon HUH, Hyungsoon CHOI, Kie B. NAHM*, and Taek-Kyu OH. "Study on Light Scattering to Estimate the White Blood Cell Count." New Physics: Sae Mulli 63, no. 10 (October 31, 2013): 1155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/npsm.63.1155.

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