Дисертації з теми "Microbiology, n.e.c"
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Amin, Shahreen. "Regulation of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 expression by C-jun-N-terminal kinase and RFX-1 and AP-4 transcription factors in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) stimulated breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26837.
Повний текст джерелаFontaine, Sébastien. "Rôle des composés énergétiques sur la minéralisation des matières organiques du sol : Conceptualisation, modélisation expérimentales et conséquences." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INAP0052.
Повний текст джерелаAlsaleh, Khaled. "Rôle des acides aminés basiques de la partie N-terminale de la protéine de capside dans l’assemblage du virus de l’hépatite C." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10131/document.
Повний текст джерелаA major function of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein is the interaction with genomic RNA to form the nucleocapsid, an essential component of the virus particle. Analyses to identify basic amino acid residues of HCV core protein, important for capsid assembly, were initially performed with a cell-free system, which did not indicate the importance of these residues for HCV infectivity. The development of a cell culture system for HCV (HCVcc) allows a more precise analysis of these core protein amino acids during the HCV life cycle. In the present study, we used a mutational analysis in the context of the HCVcc system to determine the role of the basic amino acid residues of the core protein in HCV infectivity. We focused our analysis on basic residues located in two clusters (cluster 1, amino acids [aa]6 to 23; cluster 2, aa 39 to 62) within the N-terminal 62 amino acids of the HCV core protein. Our data indicate that basic residues of the first cluster have little impact on replication and are dispensable for infectivity. Furthermore, only four basic amino acids residues of the second cluster (R50, K51, R59, and R62) were essential for the production of infectious viral particles. Mutation of these residues did not interfere with core protein subcellular localization, core protein-RNA interaction, or core protein oligomerization. Moreover, these mutations had no effect on core protein envelopment by intracellular membranes. Together, these data indicate that R50, K51, R59, and R62 residues play a major role in the formation of infectious viral particles at a post-nucleocapsid assembly step
Ahern, J. M. "Radical hydroacylation of C-C and N-N double bonds in air." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1309819/.
Повний текст джерелаQian, Xin. "Cobalt-Catalyzed C-C and C-N Coupling reactions." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00943479.
Повний текст джерелаSimayi, Rena. "Synthesis and reaction chemistry of various N,N,C- and O,N,C- palladium pincer complexes." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/39392.
Повний текст джерелаHuang, Xiaohua 1973. "Palladium-catalyzed C-C, C-N and C-O bond formation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29639.
Повний текст джерелаVita.
Includes bibliographical references.
New methods for Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides or arenesulfonates are described. Key to the success of these transformations is the proper choice of ligand and reaction conditions. Palladium catalysts supported by bulky, monodentate phosphine ligands with a biaryl backbone or the bidentate ligand, Xantphos, effectively promote the formation of ca-aryl carbonyl compounds. Base-sensitive functional groups are better tolerated when a weak base, such as K3PO4, is used. One of the most difficult transformations in Pd catalysis, the intermolecular C-O bond formation between primary alcohols and electron-neutral or even electron-rich aryl halides, was effectively promoted by the use of a new generation of ligands, 3-methyl-2-di-t-butylphosphinobiaryl. The one-step synthesis of ligands from cheap starting materials, as well as the mild reaction conditions employed for the coupling reactions, enables the practical use of Pd catalysis to access aryl alkyl ethers for the first time. Continuing study of Pd-catalyzed C-N bond-forming processes using biaryl monophosphine ligands led to the discovery of a structural derivative of these ligands, 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl. This ligand, in combination with a Pd source, produces a catalyst system with both a greater degree of activity and of stability than those that use our previous ligands. Substrates that were not amenable to Pd catalysis previously are reexamined using this new catalyst system, and excellent results are obtained.
by Xiaohua Huang.
Ph.D.
Williams, Monique J. "Conditions affecting ergothioneine levels in Mycobacterium smegmatis & the attempted isolation of α-N, N, N-Histidine methyltransferase, the first enzyme in ergothioneine biosynthesis." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14800.
Повний текст джерелаErgothioneine and mycothiol are the two major low molecular weight thiols present in mycobacteria. The generation of mycothiol-deficient mutants has demonstrated its role in protecting M tuberculosis against oxidative and nitrosative stress. To date, no ergothioneine-deficient mutants have been identified and the role of ergothioneine in mycobacteria remains unknown. The work in this thesis was performed with the aim of better understanding the function of ergothioneine in mycobacteria, by studying its biosynthesis and the conditions affecting its production.
Cómbita, Merchán Diego Fernando. "Formación de enlaces C-C, C-N y N-N con catalizadores de óxido de cerio y de oro/óxido de cerio." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/62780.
Повний текст джерела[ES] La catálisis heterogénea es una de las más importantes herramientas para el desarrollo de la Química Sostenible, entendida como aquella que utiliza eficientemente las materias primas (preferiblemente renovables), elimina los desechos y evita el uso de reactivos y solventes tóxicos y/o peligrosos en la manufactura y aplicación de los productos químicos. En esta tesis doctoral se han investigado los mecanismos de reacción y la naturaleza de los centros activos, en reacciones de formación de enlaces C-C, C-N, y N-N sobre catalizadores heterogéneos de óxido de cerio y de nanopartículas de oro soportadas en óxido de cerio. Como reacción de formación de enlaces C-C se ha estudiado la reacción de Sonogashira catalizada con un catalizador heterogéneo de Au/CeO2, en donde el CeO2 está en forma de nanopartículas de cerca de 5nm de diámetro. En la segunda parte de la tesis se profundiza en el estudio de la formación de enlaces C-N durante la reacción de carbamoilación del diaminotolueno con dimetilcarbonato catalizada por el óxido de cerio, estudiando el efecto que tiene sobre la reacción la naturaleza de los planos cristalinos disponibles para la adsorción de los reactivos. En una tercera parte se estudia la formación de enlaces N-N en la reacción de acoplamiento reductivo de nitrocompuestos para obtener azocompuestos en presencia de un catalizador heterogéneo de Au/CeO2. Es este mismo apartado se reporta por primera vez un catalizador heterogéneo de alta actividad y selectividad para la Reacción de Mills entre un nitrosocompuesto y una anilina para obtener azocompuestos simétricos y asimétricos.
[CAT] La catàlisi heterogènia és una de les ferramentes més importants per al desenvolupament de la Química Sostenible, entesa com aquella que utilitza eficientment les matèries pimes (preferiblement renovables), elimina els rebutjos i evita l'ús de reactius i dissolvents tòxics i/o perillosos en la manufactura i aplicació dels productes químics. En esta tesi doctoral s'han investigat els mecanismes de reacció i la natura dels centres actius, en reaccions de formació d'enllaços C-C, C-N i N-N sobre catalitzadors heterogenis d'òxid de ceri i nanopartícules d'or suportades en òxid de ceri. Com reacció de formació d'enllaços C-C s'ha estudiat la reacció de Sonogashira catalitzada amb un catalitzador heterogeni d'Au/CeO2, on el CeO2 està en forma de nanopartícules amb un diàmetre proper als 5nm. En la segona part de la tesi s'aprofundeix en l'estudi de la formació d'enllaços C-N durant la reacció de carbamilació del diaminotoluè amb dimetilcarbonat catalitzada per l'òxid de ceri, estudiant l'efecte que té sobre la reacció la natura dels plans cristal·lins disponibles per a l'adsorció dels reactius. En una tercera part s'estudia la formació d'enllaços N-N en la reacció d'acoblament reductiu de nitrocompostos per a obtenir azocompostos en presència d'un catalitzador heterogeni d'Au/CeO2. En aquest mateix apartat es reporta per primera vegada un catalitzador heterogeni d'alta activitat i selectivitat per a la Reacció de Mills entre un nitrocompost i una anilina per a obtenir azocompostos simètrics i asimètrics.
Cómbita Merchán, DF. (2016). Formación de enlaces C-C, C-N y N-N con catalizadores de óxido de cerio y de oro/óxido de cerio [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/62780
TESIS
Roberts, Deborah Elizabeth. "Palladium N-neterocyclic carbene complexes as catalysts for C-N, C-Si and C-S bond formations." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/45342/.
Повний текст джерелаNeal, Richard J. "The loosely-bound proton in ¹³N and the transfer reaction ¹¹B(¹³N,¹²C)¹²C." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1783.
Повний текст джерелаOunaïes, Myriam. "Ensembles inévitables pour les applications holomorphes de C [exposant] n dans C [exposant] n." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30140.
Повний текст джерелаMudarra, Alonso Ángel Luis. "Coinage complexes in C-C and C-N bond-forming reactions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670357.
Повний текст джерелаLos complejos organometálicos de cobre, plata y oro juegan un papel fundamental como especies reactivas en diversas transformaciones químicas. Esta tesis aporta conocimiento sobre el comportamiento de estos complejos en la formación de enlaces C-C y/o C-N. En concreto, estudiamos: i) el mecanismo de reacción por el cual complejos de cobre co-catalizan un acoplamiento oxidante en el contexto de sistemas bimetálicos de rodio y cobre; ii) el potencial de nucleófilos de plata como agentes transmetalantes en reacciones de trifluorometilación catalizadas por paladio; iii) el mecanismo de reacción de sistemas bimetálicos de Pd/Ag usando un sistema modelo; y iv) el comportamiento de complejos bis(trifluorometil) cuprato, argentato y aurato como nucleófilos. En esta tesis, donde se han combinado estudios experimentales y computacionales, se ha adquirido nuevo conocimiento sobre los procesos estudiados, y se ha contribuido al campo de la investigación química basada en el conocimiento.
Organometallic coinage metal complexes are be key reactive species for promoting a wide variety of chemical transformations. This thesis improves the understanding the behavior of these complexes in relevant C-C and/or C-N bond-forming reactions. Specifically, we have explored: i) the mechanistic intricacies of copper species as co-catalyst in the context of rhodium/copper-catalyzed oxidative coupling reactions; ii) the capability of silver nucleophiles as transmetalating agents in palladium-catalyzed trifluoromethylation reactions; iii) the reaction mechanism of Pd/Ag bimetallic reactions using a model system as probe; and, iv) the study of bis(trifluoromethyl) coinage metallates as nucleophiles. The fundamental insights gathered in this Thesis, encompassing both experimental and computational approaches, improve our understanding of the processes under study and make a contribution to the general field of knowledge-driven research in Chemistry.
Kanuru, Vijaykumar. "Understanding surface mediated C-C and C-N bond forming reactions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608956.
Повний текст джерелаRaghuvanshi, Keshav. "Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed C-N, C-O and C-C Formations by C-H Activation." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002B-7D4C-2.
Повний текст джерелаLaren, Martijn Wouter van. "Palladium-catalyzed C-H and C-N bond formation." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2004. http://dare.uva.nl/document/75422.
Повний текст джерелаGravitte, Amy, Jen Kintner, Stacy Brown, Benjamin Kennard, Allison Cobble, and Jennifer Hall. "Estrogen treatment protects mice from C. muridarum infection." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2021/presentations/16.
Повний текст джерелаBollwein, Tobias. "Metallierung, oxidative C-C-Kupplung und C-N-Aktivierung mit Zinkorganyl-Verbindungen." Diss., [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963033077.
Повний текст джерелаKulchat, Sirinan. "Dynamic covalent chemistry of C=N, C=C and quaternary ammonium constituents." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF018/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis describes the dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) of imine/imine, Knoevenagel/imine, and Knoevenagel/Knoevenagel exchange. L-proline is shown to be an excellent organocatalyst to accelerate the formation of dynamic covalent libraries (DCLs). The interconversion between Knoevenagel derivatives of dimethylbarbituric acid and imines is found to occur rapidly in the absence of catalyst. A new class of DCC based on nucleophilic substitution (SN2/SN2’) component exchange between quaternary ammonium salts and tertiary amines is developed, by the use of iodide as a catalyst. The exchange reactions between pyridinium salts and a pyridine derivative generate dynamic ionic liquids. Finally, kinetic and thermodynamic selection of imine formation in a DCC is perfomed in aqueous solution and organic solvent
Desmarchelier, Alaric. "Cascades réactionnelles organocatalysées : création stéréosélective de liaisons C-N et C-C." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS0031.
Повний текст джерелаThe work presented in this manuscript aims at the study of organocascade reactions enabling the stereoselective formation of C-N and C-C bonds. Several sequential one-pot approaches yielding highly functionalized products from simple substrates have been developed. The first chapter describes the enantioselective synthesis of aziridines from α-substituted enals. α-difunctionalization of aldehydes has then been studied via double-enamine activation. The second chapter presents a one-pot Mannich reaction/electrophilic amination of acetaldehyde, leading to vicinal diamines. The third chapter studies a Michael reaction/electrophilic amination cascade, giving rise to hydrazinoaldehydes bearing a quaternary stereocenter. Finally, the last chapter focuses on the electrophilic amination of α,α-disubstituted aldehydes, and its application in an organocascade reaction, leading to 3-pyrrolines with a quaternary stereocenter
Wolfe, John P. (John Perry) 1970. "Late transition metal catalyzed C-N and C-C bond forming reactions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9521.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references.
New methods for the palladium-catalyzed amination of aryl halides are described. Key to these is the development of new catalysts and reaction conditions for these transformations. Initially, P(o-tol)3 ligated palladium catalysts were investigated but gave way to systems that used chelating phosphine ligands which substantially expanded the scope of the catalytic amination methodology. Palladium catalyst systems based on BINAP ((2,2'-diphenylphosphino)-1, 1 '-binaphthyl) allowed for the transformation of a much wider range of amines and aryl halide substrates, as well as aryl triflates. Of practical significance was that the use of cesium carbonate as a base at 100 °C substantially increased the functional group tolerance of the method. Palladium catalysts supported by novel, bulky, electron-rich phosphine ligands are exceptionally effective in the C-N, C-0, and C-C coupling procedures. For some substrate combinations, these palladium catalysts are effective for the room-temperature catalytic amination of aryl chlorides. These palladium catalysts are also highly effective for Suzuki coupling reactions of aryl bromides and chlorides at room temperature. Suzuki coupling reactions of aryl bromides and aryl chlorides are effective at very low catalyst loadings (0.000001-0.005 mol % Pd for ArBr, 0.02-0.05 mol % for ArCI) at 100 °C, and reactions of hindered aryl halides or boronic acids are effected at moderate catalyst loadings (1 mol % Pd). The high reactivity of these catalysts towards aryl chlorides challenges the conventional dogma that chloride substrates cannot be transformed under mild conditions with palladium catalysts, and significantly expands the pool of substrates available for cross-coupling chemistry.
by John P. Wolfe.
Ph.D.
Jäschke, Britta [Verfasser]. "Neue multinäre nitridische Keramiken in den Systemen B/P/N/(C), Al/P/N/(C) und Si/N/C aus molekularen und polymeren Vorläufern / Britta Jäschke." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1172611645/34.
Повний текст джерелаTreffert, Harald. "N,O- und N,C,N-koordinierte Platinmetallkomplexe : Synthesen, Strukturen und katalytische Anwendungen." kostenfrei, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=989135500.
Повний текст джерелаMonnehan, Georges. "Résonances dans les réactions nucléaires ¹⁵N + ¹²C et ¹⁵N +¹⁶O." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376081864.
Повний текст джерелаRuiz-Castillo, Paula. "Palladium-catalyzed C-N and C-O cross-coupling reactions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105048.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 375-410).
Chapter 1: This chapter describes a general method for the of the Pd-catalyzed N-arylation of hindered [alpha],[alpha],[alpha]-trisubstituted primary amines. The reaction utilized catalysts based on two biaryl phosphine ligands, which were developed via kinetics-based mechanistic analysis and rational design. These studies led to the first example of catalyst based on a hybrid (alkyl)aryl biaryl phosphine ligand that provides better results that its dialkyl- or diarylbiaryl analogues. The C-N coupling was efficient for a wide range of (hetero)aryl chlorides and bromides under mild conditions. Chapter 2: This chapter relates the development of the Pd-catalyzed C-O coupling of primary alkyl alcohols. The reaction of primary aliphatic alcohols bearing [beta]-hydrogen atoms can lead to undesired [beta]-hydride elimination pathways instead of the target reductive elimination from the [LPd(Ar)OAlk] intermediate, especially when using electron-rich aryl halides. Additionally, aryl chlorides have been shown to be more challenging coupling partners than the corresponding aryl bromides. The use of catalysts based on commercially available ligand t-BuBrettPhos and a novel hybrid ligand, AdCyBrettPhos, have allowed the C-O coupling reaction to proceed effectively at room temperature, minimizing the side reaction. A variety of functionalized primary alcohols have been successfully coupled with (hetero)aryl bromides and chlorides giving rise to medicinally interesting products. Chapter 3: This chapter is a compilation of the applications of Pd-catalyzed C-N coupling in various fields of chemical research since 2008. This work includes the reactions of nine classes of nitrogen-based coupling partners in the 1) synthesis of heterocycles, 2) medicinal chemistry, 3) process chemistry, 4) synthesis of natural products, 5) organic materials and chemical biology, and 6) synthesis of ligands. The large number of applications highlights the versatility and utility of this transformation both in academic and industrial settings.
by Paula Ruiz-Castillo.
Ph. D. in Organic Chemistry
Le, Roux Anabel-Lise. "N-Myristoylation-Dependent c-Src Interactions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/346927.
Повний текст джерелаc-Src es miembro de una importante familia de tirosina quinasas, que está involucrada en la transducción de señales en las células. c-Src está formada por una región N-terminal desordenada (compuesta de los dominios SH4 y Único), por los dominios plegados SH3, SH2, SH1 (el dominio quinasa), y por una cola C-terminal. c-Src es una proteína miristoilada en su extremo N-terminal, lo cual permite su unión a membranas, unión reforzada por la interacción del dominio SH4 polibásico con los lípidos cargados negativamente. En ausencia del grupo miristoilo, se encontraron zonas de unión a lípidos y de interacciones intramoleculares en los dominios Único y SH3. El objetivo de este trabajo es la obtención y la caracterización de la forma miristoilada de los dominios Único y SH3 (MyrUSH3). Se desarrollaron protocolos que permitieron la producción de proteínas miristoiladas. La cinética de unión de MyrUSH3 a liposomas se estudió con resonancia de plasmones superficiales. Se observó una población mayoritaria con una asociación y una disociación relativamente rápidas, y una población minoritaria con una unión persistente a liposomas. Esta segunda especie se estudió por detección secundaria via un anticuerpo y se dedujo que estaba posiblemente formada por dímeros. El dominio SH3 se remplazó por una proteína verde fluorescente (MyrUGFP) y se estudió la unión de MyrUGFP a liposomas, mediante su observación con microscopía confocal, usando la técnica de fotoblanqueo de moléculas individuales. Se observó una población mayoritaria de dímeros. A continuación, se estudió la proteína MyrUSH3 con resonancia magnética nuclear, en solución o unida a liposomas. En solución, se encontró un sitio de unión al grupo miristoil en el dominio SH3. Tras la inserción del grupo miristoil en la bicapa lipídica, se perdió la capacidad de unión a lípidos en los dominios Único y SH3 (excepto el dominio SH4), y algunas interacciones intramoleculares fueron afectadas.
Flournoy, Cecil Buford Jr. "N-parameter Fibonacci AF C*-Algebras." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1221.
Повний текст джерелаLee, Alison Victoria. "Catalyst and methodology development for regioselective C-N and C-C bond formation." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31377.
Повний текст джерелаScience, Faculty of
Chemistry, Department of
Graduate
Graham, Alan. "New C-C and C-N bond forming reactions mediated by chromium complexation." Thesis, University of Bath, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760696.
Повний текст джерелаBarron, Benedict James. "Evaluation of asymmetric catalysts in C–C and C–N Michael type transformations." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45060.
Повний текст джерелаKilaru, Praveen. "New Strategies for Transition Metal Catalyzed C-C and C-N Bond Formation." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31710.
Повний текст джерелаBowen, John George. "C-H activation in the formation of C-N and C-O Bonds." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685335.
Повний текст джерелаMohamed, Ajayeb Dakhelallah. "The influence of HLA in chronic hepatitis B and C and analysis of a new subtype of hepatitis C virus." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243795.
Повний текст джерелаEnouz-Védrenne, Shaïma. "Elaboration et analyses structurales et chimiques de nanotubes hétéroatomiques de type C-N et C-B-N." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00147980.
Повний текст джерелаIl a ainsi été mis en évidence dans ce manuscrit la possibilité de réaliser des nanotubes de type CNx et CBxNy mono- et multi-feuillets. Par ailleurs, une forte tendance à la ségrégation en domaines de type C et BN a été observée avec un localisation préférentielle et une taille des domaine spécifique, fonction de la technique de synthèse utilisée.
GERVAIS, CHRISTEL. "Etude par resonance magnetique nucleaire a l'etat solide de divers polymeres, precurseurs de ceramiques b-n, si-c-n, si-b-c-n et si-b-c-o." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066210.
Повний текст джерелаGrünberg, Matthias F. [Verfasser], and Lukas [Akademischer Betreuer] Gooßen. "Nachhaltige Konzepte zur C-C, C-N und C-S Bindungsknüpfung / Matthias Grünberg. Betreuer: Lukas Gooßen." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080521704/34.
Повний текст джерелаWrigglesworth, Joseph W. "The development of new palladium(II) catalysed C-C, C-N and C-O bond formations." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601218.
Повний текст джерелаGaballa, Mahmoud F. "Chromobacterium Violaceum Strains Growth Conditions Impacting N- Acyl Homoserine Lactones AHL Production." Thesis, Tennessee State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10268834.
Повний текст джерелаChromobacterium violaceum is a Gram-negative bacillus that is a facultative anaerobic, oxidase positive, glucose fermenting, and non-lactose fermenting. C. violaceum is free living which can be found in the soil and water. C. violaceum produces a possible antioxidant called violacein a purple pigment that is considered to be one of the significant characteristics of C.violaceum. Chromobacterium violaceum one of the Gram negative bacteria which use Quorum Sensing (QS) occurs within a single bacterial species, and regulates a lot of different processes ,essentially serving as a simple communication network so that QS is the accumulation of signaling molecule that enable a single cell to sense the communication from other cells .The density and bioluminescence through quorum sensing is manipulated via the signaling molecule N-acyl-homoserine (AHLs) that is produced by C. violaceum. The major objective in this work is to determine the reason why 14N1 cannot produce the pigment on LB media in cultures using heavy cell inoculum and high concentration of AHL on all the C. violaceum strains. C. violaceum 14N23 and 14N1 were isolated from copper basin, Tennessee and (ATCC) 12472 and (ATCC) 31532 obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), and CV026. 14N1 produces a pigment after 24 hours by using high inoculation 20% which is 10 ml overnight culture of 14N1 to 40 ml LB broth media with different shaker's speed started from (in static culture , 150,175,225). On the AHLs 14N1 did not produce a pigment and that the same with 14N23. However, 12472 did produce a pigment after 24 hours, and the positive control (ATCC) 31532 produced and the negative control CV026 did not.
Cassirame, Bénédicte. "Couplages C-C utilisant des triarylbismuthines catalysés par le PEPPSI." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1116.
Повний текст джерелаMetallocatalysed crosscoupling reactions have been highlighted by the attribution of the 2010 Nobel Chemistry Price since they allow CC bond formation when classical SN1 or SN2 do not permit it. Furthermore, they give access to many pharmaceutics and agronomic compounds but also molecules used for their supramolecular properties. Nowadays, reactions are really efficient but reactants are not always readily accessible and can't be classified as green reagents. Since all its atoms act over the catalytic process and because they are not considered as toxic so far, triarylbismuthines may be a good alternative to circumvent the limitation described above. However, they suffer a main drawback, their reductive dimerisation. In order to avoid this side-reaction, a new greenest process has been developed on a benchmark reaction based on PEPPSI, an NHC/Pd catalyst. These conditions gave usually excellent yields, either for the biaryle or heterobiaryle crosscoupling reaction. The range of substituents is really wide on the aryle halide moiety but slightly more limited on the triarylbismuthine reagents. Then, this catalytic process has been applied without modification to an elimination/crosscoupling domino reaction. A GC/MS and 13C NMR supported comparative kinetic study showed that a 2nd order elimination take place before the C-C bond formation. Fluoride anion and triarylbismuthine act together. Therefore triarylbismuthine play a dual role: base and aryl transfer reagent. This mechanism study led to chimioselective reactions that allow many paths for the synthesis of Ar-Ar-C C-Ar containing compounds with a good control on geometry of this highly conjugated structure. This catalytic process allows also bromocoumarine C-Br bond activation. Thus, crosscoupling may be selectively performed at the 3-, 4- or 6- position of coumarines. The reactivity order difference of these positions even allow hightly selective mono crosscoupling reaction on 3,4- or 3,6-dibromocoumarines for further biological application. To conclude, our PEPPSI based greenest process avoid the dimerisation of bismuthines and give easy access to many compounds of great interest either for their biological or physical properties
Owen, Gareth Richard. "Palladium-mediated transformationand activation of unsaturated C-N, C-S and C-O bonds." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408281.
Повний текст джерелаFrogneux, Xavier. "Transformations réductrices du CO2 pour la formation de liaisons C-N et C-C." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112136/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the current world, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the major waste of the massive utilization of fossil resources but only few applications have been developed using this compound. In order to take advantage of its abundancy, the development of novel chemical transformation of CO2 to produce fine chemicals is of high interest in the scientific community. In particular, the formation of C-N bond(s) from CO2 and amine compounds unlocks a new way to access high energy and value-added. A second type of highly desirable transformation is the formation of C-C bonds with CO2 so as to synthesize carboxylic acid derivatives. The utilization of hydrosilanes as mild reductants allows the reactions to proceed under 1 bar of CO2 with abundant and cheap metal-based catalysts (iron, zinc) or with organocatalysts. The synthesis of formamides, methylamines and aminals from CO2 are described herein. Ultimately, the catalytic carboxylation of carbosilanes has been achieved for the first time using copper-based complexes. In the specific case of 2-pyridylsilanes, the use of pentavalent fluoride salts allowed us to perform the reaction without catalyst
Thompson, Russell John. "Characterisation of the hepatitis C virus NS3 serine protease." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245288.
Повний текст джерелаSabour, Abdelouahed. "Étude expérimentale et thermodynamique de systèmes binaires des n-alcanes pairs-impairs (nc₂₃ : n-c₂₄ et nc₂₃ : c₂₂)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL064N.
Повний текст джерелаNathwong, Boonyanath. "Molecular biology studies of rice tungro bacilliform virus P194 N-terminus." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361484.
Повний текст джерелаHay, Steven C. "Regulation of C₁ metabolism in Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath)." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1990. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/107983/.
Повний текст джерелаHall, Jack Kingsbury Mathematics & Statistics Faculty of Science UNSW. "Some branching rules for GL(N,C)." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Mathematics and Statistics, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/29473.
Повний текст джерелаDamak, Mondher. "C*-algebres et probleme a n-corps." Cergy-Pontoise, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CERG0091.
Повний текст джерелаNikolussi, Marc. "Cementite in the Fe-N-C system." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-38396.
Повний текст джерелаAljannat, Mahab. "Bacterial moonlighting proteins of N. meningitidis : interaction with the host and role in pathogenesis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41073/.
Повний текст джерелаAnderson, Kevin William. "Expanding the substrate scope in palladium-catalyzed C-N and C-C bond-forming reactions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36255.
Повний текст джерелаVita.
Includes bibliographical references.
Chapter 1. The first detailed study of the palladium-catalyzed amination of aryl nonaflates is reported. Use of bulky electron-rich monophosphinobiaryl ligands or BINAP allow for the catalytic amination of electron-rich and -neutral aryl nonaflates with both primary and secondary amines. Using XantPhos, the catalytic amination of a variety of functionalized aryl nonaflates resulted in excellent yields of anilines; even 2-carboxymethyl aryl nonaflate is effectively coupled with a primary alkyl amine. Moderate yields were obtained when coupling halo-aryl nonaflates with a variety of amines, where in most cases the aryl nonaflate reacted in preference to the aryl halide. Overall, aryl nonaflates are an effective alternative to aryl triflates in palladium-catalyzed C-N bond-forming processes due to their increased stability under the reaction conditions. Chapter 2. A catalyst comprised of a Pd precatalyst and 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl is explored in C-N bond-forming processes. This catalyst displayed unprecedented stability and scope allowing, for the first time, the coupling of substrates bearing a carboxylic acid or a primary amide.
(cont.) Also, the more bulky catalyst system Pd/2-tert-butylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl was found to be effective for the Narylation of 2-aminoheterocycles and weakly basic HN-heterocycles: pyrazole and indazole. The chemoselectivity for amination using these catalysts was explored where the rough order of reactivity for amines is: aryl amines >> primary and secondary alkyl amines > 2-aminoheterocycles > primary amides - HN-heterocycles. Chapter 3. The palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of haloaminoheterocycles and functionalized organoboronic acids using a highly active and stable monophosphinobiaryl ligand, 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-dimethoxybiphenyl, efficiently produced aminoheterocyclic biaryl derivatives. This same catalyst was effective in coupling 2-haloaminoaryl compounds with 2-formyl or 2-acetylphenyl boronic acids, providing the fused heterocyclic compounds phenanthridine, benzo[c][1 ,8]naphthridine and benzo[c][1,5]naphthridine in excellent yields. Chapter 4. A water-soluble monophosphinobiaryl ligand, sodium -dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-dimethoxybiphenyl-3'-sulfonate, was synthesized by electrophilic sulfonation of the lower-aromatic ring of 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'- dimethoxybiphenyl.
(cont.) This ligand was utilized in the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reaction of water-soluble aryl/heteroaryl halides and organoboronic acids. The catalyst displays unprecedented reactivity and stability for Suzuki-Miyaura reactions conducted in water. Chapter 5. A water-soluble monophosphinobiaryl ligand, sodium 2'-(dicyclohexyl-osphanyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-biphenyl-4-sulfonate, was synthesized by a proposed electrophilic ipso-substitution/reverse Friedel-Crafts alkylation of the lower-aromatic ring on 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl. This ligand was utilized in the palladium-catalyzed Heck alkynylation (copper-free Sonogashira coupling) of hydrophobic and hydrophilic aryl halides and terminal alkynes conducted in an aqueous acetonitrile solvent system. For the first time, an electron-deficient terminal alkyne, propiolic acid, was successfully coupled with aryl bromides. We also demonstrated that this catalyst is useful in the reaction of benzyl chlorides and terminal alkynes to provide benzyl alkynes in good yields. We show that by using an excess amount of base (> 1.0 equiv.) and higher reaction temperatures ( 80 °C), base-catalyzed isomerization to the corresponding aryl allenes can be achieved in a one-pot process.
by Kevin W. Anderson.
Ph.D.