Дисертації з теми "Méthode « stratigraphique »]"
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Taakili, Abdelaziz. "Méthode de Galerkin discontinue pour un modèle stratigraphique." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00324012.
Повний текст джерелаMahieux, Geoffroy. "Etude de l'enregistrement stratigraphique par sismique haute résolution." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-64.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаCoudert, Laurent. "Apports de la sismique et des diagraphies différées à l'étude stratigraphique du bassin tertiaire du Chaco de Bolivie (Rio Grande-Parapeti) : traitements statistiques et modélisations." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10533.
Повний текст джерелаJiang-Levesque, Bei-Feng. "Étude du problème inverse linéarisé dans l'équation des ondes acoustiques à deux dimensionsÉtude mathématique d'un problème inverse de l'équation des ondes à une dimension dans un cas particulier." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112029.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the advantages of seismic inversion methods for petroleum exploration is the potential quantitative evaluation of the distributed parameters (propagation velocity, acoustic impedance) characterizing subsurface formations. Such methods are particularly attractive for detecting stratigraphic traps, which can be recognized by a lateral variation in these parameters. In this way, such methods yield a substantial improvement in conventional prestack migrations which only provide images of heterogeneities. Among inversion methods, linearized inversion is arousing great interest because of the simplifications it brings to computing. The disadvantage of this approach stems from the difficulty in finding of a so-called reference medium that is sufficiently close to the actual unknown medium to justify the linearization. The first chapter of this work aims at a better understanding of the linearized forward problem and attempts to answer the following question: In what way must the reference medium be close to the exact medium for the linearization to be justified? Which of the parameters for the linearization are tolerant with regard to defects in the reference medium? The second chapter of the work examines numerically the 2-D linearized inverse problem and analyses how errors resulting from the linearization can influence the solution of the problem. Numerical experiments show the effectiveness of the linearized inversion; more specifically it allows a quantitative identification of the heterogeneities, as well as nonlinear inversion, when the reference medium approximates accurately the velocity of the actual medium. With a cruder reference medium the quantitative identification of the heterogeneities is no more possible, but the linearized inversion yields a better imaging as compared to prestack migration
Grélaud, Carine. "Enregistrement stratigraphique des phases d'émersion sur les plates-formes carbonatées : une étude intégrée à l'effleurement et en sismique de la plate-forme cénomanienne d'Oman (Formation Natih)." Bordeaux 3, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00544620.
Повний текст джерелаToro, Villegas Gloria Elena. "Tephrochronologie de la Colombie centrale (département d'Antioquia et abanico de Pereira) : une approche stratigraphique, géochimique, minéralogique et géochronologique (par C14 et traces de fission)." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10036.
Повний текст джерелаBelmecheri, Abdelaziz. "Contribution à l'étude géologique et structurale de la région de l'Ahnet-Timimoun par sismique réflexion et apport des pseudo-diagraphies d'impédance acoustique à l'interprétation stratigraphique : principe et application (Sahara occidental algérien)." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10549.
Повний текст джерелаMargotta, José. "Stratigraphic architecture and sedimentary evolution of the Holocene deposits in the French Flemish coastal plain, Northern France." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10012/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this study is to reconstruct the evolution of the Holocene deposits along the French Flemish Coastal Plain. This approach is achieved combining available and newly dataset from boreholes, cores descriptions and, for the first time in this plain, the interpretation of VHR seismic profiles on the coastal plain waterways. The study of lithology, micropaleontological assemblages (foraminifera and pollen analyses) and clay mineralogy provides the basis to recognize five sedimentary facies as representative of the Holocene infill. These sedimentary facies were interpreted as depositional facies assemblages in accordance to their depositional features. Depositional facies were grouped in three sedimentary units that better define the depositional environment. From base to top, the units are: alluvial plain, tide-dominated estuary and tidal flats. The alluvial plain consists of late Pleistocene deposits while estuarine and tidal flats units represent the Holocene deposits covering almost the whole available accommodation space. Distribution and geometry of these sedimentary units and their internal architecture of depositional facies were observed from ten cross-sections that cover most of the coastal plain. Stratigraphic arrangement shows the interaction of the Holocene sea-level rise and the coastal hydrodynamic conditions, dominated by the macrotidal regime and influenced by waves action, as the main factors that ruled the sedimentation of the area. This study opens new possibilities to better understand the coastal processes that acted in this lowland, as well as serves as a basis for future studies or modelling possible future scenario
Dobranszky, Gabriela. "Systèmes d'aide à l'inversion des modèles stratigraphiques." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE4077.
Повний текст джерелаStratigraphic modeling aims at rebuilding the history of the sedimentary basins by simulating the processes of erosion, transport and deposit of sediments using physical models. The objective is to determine the location of the bedrocks likely to contain the organic matter, the location of the porous rocks that could trap the hydrocarbons during their migration and the location of the impermeable rocks likely to seal the reservoir. The model considered within this thesis is based on a multi-lithological diffusive transport model and applies to large scales of time and space. Due to the complexity of the phenomena and scales considered, none of the model parameters is directly measurable. Therefore it is essential to inverse them. The standard approach, which consists in inversing all the parameters by minimizing a cost function using a gradient method, proved very sensitive to the choice of the parameterization, to the weights given to the various terms of the cost function (bearing on data of very diverse nature) and to the numerical noise. These observations led us to give up this method and to carry out the inversion step by step by decoupling the parameters. This decoupling is not obtained by fixing the parameters but by making several assumptions on the model resulting in a range of reduced but relevant models. In this thesis, we show how these models enable us to inverse all the parameters in a robust and interactive way
Chami, Khazraji Soumia. "Étude de la zone Haltenbanken par la méthode de stratigraphie sismique." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066456.
Повний текст джерелаMargotta, José. "Stratigraphic architecture and sedimentary evolution of the Holocene deposits in the French Flemish coastal plain, Northern France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10012.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this study is to reconstruct the evolution of the Holocene deposits along the French Flemish Coastal Plain. This approach is achieved combining available and newly dataset from boreholes, cores descriptions and, for the first time in this plain, the interpretation of VHR seismic profiles on the coastal plain waterways. The study of lithology, micropaleontological assemblages (foraminifera and pollen analyses) and clay mineralogy provides the basis to recognize five sedimentary facies as representative of the Holocene infill. These sedimentary facies were interpreted as depositional facies assemblages in accordance to their depositional features. Depositional facies were grouped in three sedimentary units that better define the depositional environment. From base to top, the units are: alluvial plain, tide-dominated estuary and tidal flats. The alluvial plain consists of late Pleistocene deposits while estuarine and tidal flats units represent the Holocene deposits covering almost the whole available accommodation space. Distribution and geometry of these sedimentary units and their internal architecture of depositional facies were observed from ten cross-sections that cover most of the coastal plain. Stratigraphic arrangement shows the interaction of the Holocene sea-level rise and the coastal hydrodynamic conditions, dominated by the macrotidal regime and influenced by waves action, as the main factors that ruled the sedimentation of the area. This study opens new possibilities to better understand the coastal processes that acted in this lowland, as well as serves as a basis for future studies or modelling possible future scenario
Menier, David. "Morphologie et remplissage des vallées fossiles sud-armoricaines : apports de la stratigraphie sismique." Lorient, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LORIS025.
Повний текст джерелаDesachy, Bruno. "De la formalisation du traitement des données stratigraphiques en archéologie de terrain." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00406241.
Повний текст джерелаLe volume 2 présente les outils informatiques issus de ce travail : le module de création de diagrammes stratigraphiques Le Stratifiant, et l'exemple de base de données Stratibase.
Mokrani, Amar. "Problèmes pseudo-paraboliques à vitesse asservie : Application en prospection pétrolière." Pau, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PAUU3009.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the mathematical analysis of a model initially proposed by the “Institut Français du Pétrole” (IFP). It concerns the evolution of a monolithological sedimentary basin with a maximum rate of erosion. We are led to consider a gravitational model where the flux of sediments is proportional to the gradient of the topography, following a dynamic law of type Darcy- Barenblatt, with a constraint. Then, a multiplier is introduced, playing the role of a flux-limiter, in order to reconcile a process of gravitational transport for the sedimentation and a mechanism maximum of erosion by autogeneous regulation. After a short presentation of this model “weather limited”, we present a method of compactness, based on a result of uniqueness for a non-standard nonlinear stationary problem, proving that a solution exists to the problem. Then, a result of existence of a sequence of solutions to an implicit time-discretisation of a differential inclusion is proved. By an alternative approach, based on the classical results of N. G. Meyers and J. Necas, it is possible to give a result of existence and uniqueness of the solution to slightly different model, for a regular initial condition. Then, thanks to some energy methods, locally hyperbolic aspects are proved. Some numerical simulations are also proposed in order to illustrate the theoretical aspects of the study and the influence of the different parameters of the equation. Finally, some conclusions and perspectives are proposed
Valette, Marc. "Etude structurale du gisement salifère oligocène de Vauvert (Gard)." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20037.
Повний текст джерелаPeton, Nicolas. "Étude et simulation d'un modèle stratigraphique advecto-diffusif non-linéaire avec frontières mobiles." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC058/document.
Повний текст джерелаAn essential prerequisite to finding hydrocarbons is to trace back the history of a basin. To this end, geologists resort to a stratigraphic model, which simulates the evolution of sedimentary basins over large time scales (million years) and space (hundreds of kilometers). The Dionisos software, developed by IFPEN since 1992 and highly praised by oil companies, makes this type of calculation possible by accounting for two main physical processes: (1) the sediment transport due to gravity; (2) the flow of water from rivers and rains. The gravity transport is described by a diffusion equation in which the sediment flow depends on the slope of the ground. Initially, this dependence is linear. To better match experimental observations, we wish to make it nonlinear by means of a p-Laplacian. This upgrade requires to design a dedicated numerical method which should not only run fast but also provide guarantees of robustness and accuracy. In addition, it must be compatible with a constraint on the erosion rate in the present model. The water flow due to rivers and rains is also a recent enhancement brought to the physical model of Dionisos. This is achieved by introducing a new partial differential equation, coupled with that of sediment transport. Again, it is capital to work out an innovative numerical strategy, in the sense that it must be both efficient and well suited to the strong coupling of these two phenomena. The objective of this thesis is to rejuvenate the numerical schemes that lie at the heart of Dionisos in order to deal more adequately with the physical processes above. In particular, we look for an implicit scheme with respect to all the unknowns that extends and improves the current scheme. The methodologies investigated in this work will serve as a basis for the next generation of stratigraphic modelling softwares
Schulbaum, Laurent. "Traduction des surfaces stratigraphiques et des géométries deltaïques lors du passage de l'échelle puits à l'échelle sismique." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10328.
Повний текст джерелаBelliard-Sens, Virginie. "Reconstitution de la paléogéographie du bassin de Sologne au Trias et au Lias inférieur : applications de méthodes de sismique stratigraphique à l'étude des grès fluviatiles triasiques." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR10590.
Повний текст джерелаLegendre, Yoann. "Reconstruction fine de l'histoire éruptive et scenarii éruptifs à la soufrière de Guadeloupe : vers un modèle intégré de fonctionnement du volcan." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077065.
Повний текст джерелаIt is important for the Soufrière volcano to improve our reconstruction of the eruptive past over an extended period to elaborate refined and credible eruptive scenarios. In this doctoral thesis, we present the results of a new detailed chronology of the eruptive history of la Grande Decouverte - Soufrière (GDS) complex for the last 50 000 years. Our integrated approach is based on the stratigraphyic analysis of more than 250 new outcrops, 181 new radiocarbon age dates as well as on a sedimentologic study of cores newly obtained on the « Cendres Jaunes » unit. Combined with an exhaustive reinterpretation of older available data, our new chrono-stratigraphic data show that magmatic activity of la GDS complex is significantly higher than previously interpreted. Indeed, we have identified at least 28 eruptive events for the last 50 000 years of activity of the volcanic complex. Moreover, at least 15 eruptive events have occurred during the most recent Soufrière episode in the last 9150 years. Activity over the last 50 000 years consists of at least 21 major explosive eruptive phases showing a large range in magnitude, and at least 17 dome-forming eruptive phases of large magnitude characterized by an important explosivity. Finally, at least 16 recognized flank-collapse events are associated with these eruptive events. Our data suggests activity at La Soufrière of Guadeloupe is dominated by polyphasé eruptive events consisting of different phases of activity that occur over a short yet unknown span of time. The interpretation of these data allows us to elaborate credible eruptive scenarios for a future event at la Soufriere de Guadeloupe
Chu, Minqi. "Culture laïque dans un espace provincial byzantin : production et transmission des livres manuscrits et du savoir profanes grecs en Italie méridionale (Xe-XIe siècle)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUL046.
Повний текст джерелаThe transmission of secular knowledge, particularly that inherited from antiquity, was dynamic in Constantinople during the Macedonian era. However, this intellectual effervescence did not seem to have the same echo in provincial areas such as Hellenic-speaking southern Italy (with the exception of Terra d'Otranto). The small number of secular Greek manuscripts produced and circulated in this peripherical province in the 10th and 11th centuries prior to the Norman Conquest bears witness to this situation. Despite its limited quantity, the corpus of local secular Greek manuscripts presents a rich thematic diversity, including works of grammar, rhetoric, lexicography, scientific calculation, civil law, medicine, as well as ancient literature and philosophy. The in-depth examination of each manuscript in this corpus, through the prism of the “stratigraphic” method that integrates paleographical, codicological and philological data, enables us to establish as complete a picture as possible of their local production and circulation between the 10th century and the first half of the 11th century. This work reveals how these book manuscripts and secular knowledge were integrated and used within local society, revealing an aspect often obscured by historical sources. Furthermore, the comparison of this Byzantine secular corpus with that of the Norman-Swabian era illustrates the durability of the local Byzantine heritage, while highlighting the appearance of novelties characteristic of the Norman-Swabian period within local secular culture
Billeaud, Isabelle. "Dynamique de construction d'un prisme sédimentaire littoral en régime mégatidal (la Baie du Mont-Saint-Michel)." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN2071.
Повний текст джерелаThe Bay of Mt-St-Michel is a megatidal environment, the Holocene sedimentary infill of which began some 8000 years ago. The present-day Bay consists in various sub-environments : an embayment in the West, an estuary in the East, and a sandy barrier subject to wave action in the NE. Thanks to VHR seismic data and cores, different architectures are highlighted : progradational to aggradational in the embayment, aggradational to chanelized in the estuary and along the NE shoreline. The infill model established with all the data is characterised as follows: a transgressive systems tract of low volume; a well-developed highstand systems tract ; a tidal ravinement surface of large extent, reaching locally the substrate; a wave ravinement surface locally present along the estuary margins; an accommodation for sequence preservation of tidal origin in the estuary, and of eustatic origin along the margins. At the basin scale, discrepancies in time-and-space of the preservation potential of sedimentary sequences observed into the infill are very important. As soon as the transgression rate slow down from 6500 yB. P. , the key-control of local factors (hydrodynamics, sediment supply, substrate morphology) is evidenced. Sequences preserved along the estuary margins record environmental changes interpreted as the result of climate crisis of 1500-year period. Although the origin of these climate cycles is uncertain (Bond cycles, long term tidal cycles, combination of both ?), their control on coastal system evolution should be considered as major
Bailleul, Julien. "Dynamique sédimentaire et structurale des bassins perchés sur les prismes de subduction : l'exemple du prisme Hikurangi, Nouvelle-Zélande." Lille 1, 2005. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/b4e43c20-ebbd-4a96-a923-396142576aea.
Повний текст джерелаLa sédimentation au sein des bassins perchés matures est dominée par les processus de remplissage qui conduisent au développement de méga-séquences de comblement similaires à celles identifiées dans les bassins d'avant-pays. Notre étude montre également que l'évolution du prisme de subduction Hikurangi est discontinue et a été contrôlée par des épisodes tectoniques successifs identifiés le long de la transversale d'Akitio : 1) Une phase de mise en place de nappes au Miocène basal (c. 25 - 18 Ma), 2) Un épisode de raccourcissement E-W au Miocène inférieur à moyen (c. 17. 5 - 15 Ma). Cet épisode est à l'origine du développement de hauts structuraux et du confinement des bassins perchés, 3) Un épisode de subsidence majeure associé à des déformations en extension (c. 15 - 6. 5 Ma) et probablement contrôlée par des processus d'érosion tectonique, et 4) Une période Miocène terminal à Quaternaire (c. 6. 5 - 0 Ma)dominée par des épisodes de raccourcissement rapide (c. 1Ma) de direction E-W à NW-SE. Nous avons démontré que la complexité stratigraphique et structurale du prisme de subduction Hikurangi ne résulte pas seulement de cette histoire tectonique polyphasée, mais aussi de variations transversales dans le style et l'amplitude de la déformation au cours du même épisode tectonique. Nous montrons notamment que de l'accrétion frontale peut se développer près du front de subduction alors que la partie supérieure du prisme subit de l'extension et une phase de subsidence au cours d'une période dominé par de l'érosion tectonique
Farkh, Samer. "Contribution à la datation des niveaux moustériens de la grotte de Karaïn (Antalya, Turquie) par les méthodes des séries de l'uranium (U-Th) et la résonance de spin électronique (ESR) : méthodologie et paléoclimatologie." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MNHN0015.
Повний текст джерелаThe Karaïn cave (Turkey) represents a hinged plate between Anatolia, the Middle East and Europe. It includes a sequence going from the Lower Palaeolithic to the Upper Palaeolithic superior. Our main aim was to date systematically geological objects by the methods of the uranium-series (U-Th) and the electronic spin resonance (ESR). The age of teeth of the big mammals determined by method ESR was refined by analysis U-Th on the total tooth. The interpretation of the total results indicates the presence of Cervidae and Bovidae between 200 ka and 30 ka. The study of a stalagmite in the upper sequences of the archaeological filling, shows than the first human presence dates from the isotopic stage 5. The results obtained on the stalagmitic concretions discovered during excavation show that their formation dates from the isotopic stages 7 and 5 except for an ancient floor contemporary of the isotopic stage 11. By analogy, travertines of Errachidia (Morocco) were studied. The contemporaneity of all these concretions validates the concept which the climatic variations are carried out on a total scale
Samson, Philippe. "Équilibrage de structures géologiques 3D dans le cadre du projet GOCAD." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1996_SAMSON_P.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаJollivet-Castelot, Martin. "Bassin de Dieppe-Hampshire (Manche orientale) : Évolution cénozoïque et enregistrement des évènements géodynamiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LILUR051.
Повний текст джерелаMajor paleogeographic changes are recorded within Western Europe between the end of Cretaceous and Paleogene times, in response of tectonic events along European plate boundaries. The deformation affecting the NW part of the European plate are already well identified in the Paris Basin, the Belgian Basin and in Southern England, however it is poorly constrained within the English Channel. The objective of this thesis is thus to reconstruct sedimentary and structural evolutions of the Eastern English Channel during Paleogene times, and to replace these evolutions within the geodynamic context of the Western European domain. This thesis has been focalized on the Dieppe-Hampshire Basin, for which the stratigraphy and the timing of the deformation are not precisely known. This work is based on the contribution of new very high resolution seismic reflection data and of new coring samples. The analysis of the sedimentary filling allowed to establish the stratigraphic framework, to propose a sequence stratigraphic division with the identification of four 2nd order cycles between the Thanetian and the Bartonian, and to map the southern part of the basin. The correlation of these cycles with surrounding Cenozoic basins led to evidence five deformation phases which have affected the Anglo-Paris Basin. Thanks to a careful structural analysis, we also detailed the style and the kinematics of the deformation in the Eastern English Channel, we proposed a deformation schedule and we established the role played by the regional structural inheritance on the Paleogene evolution of the domain
Jollivet-Castelot, Martin. "Bassin de Dieppe-Hampshire (Manche orientale) : Évolution cénozoïque et enregistrement des évènements géodynamiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R051/document.
Повний текст джерелаMajor paleogeographic changes are recorded within Western Europe between the end of Cretaceous and Paleogene times, in response of tectonic events along European plate boundaries. The deformation affecting the NW part of the European plate are already well identified in the Paris Basin, the Belgian Basin and in Southern England, however it is poorly constrained within the English Channel. The objective of this thesis is thus to reconstruct sedimentary and structural evolutions of the Eastern English Channel during Paleogene times, and to replace these evolutions within the geodynamic context of the Western European domain. This thesis has been focalized on the Dieppe-Hampshire Basin, for which the stratigraphy and the timing of the deformation are not precisely known. This work is based on the contribution of new very high resolution seismic reflection data and of new coring samples. The analysis of the sedimentary filling allowed to establish the stratigraphic framework, to propose a sequence stratigraphic division with the identification of four 2nd order cycles between the Thanetian and the Bartonian, and to map the southern part of the basin. The correlation of these cycles with surrounding Cenozoic basins led to evidence five deformation phases which have affected the Anglo-Paris Basin. Thanks to a careful structural analysis, we also detailed the style and the kinematics of the deformation in the Eastern English Channel, we proposed a deformation schedule and we established the role played by the regional structural inheritance on the Paleogene evolution of the domain
Egreteau, Alexandre. "Etude des variations de l'amplitude de la réflectivité du sous-sol après imagerie sismique en profondeur." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001811.
Повний текст джерелаMasquelet, Charles. "Magmatisme, héritage et déformation autour de l’archipel des Comores, dans le bassin de Somalie. Implications géodynamiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS613.
Повний текст джерелаThe Comoros archipelago, located between Madagascar and Mozambique, experiences significant regional seismic activity. The volcanic island of Mayotte, underwent a major seismic-volcanic crisis in 2018, related to the formation of a new submarine volcanic structure, Fani Maoré, 50 km off its coast. Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain both the origin of the archipelago and its recent evolution. However, both the age of the formation of the archipelago's islands and the nature of the crust in the Comoros basin are poorly constrained, largely due to a lack of data. The objective of this thesis is to place recent seismic-volcanic activity in the context of regional geodynamics and, in particular, to determine the volcano-tectonic evolution of the Comoros archipelago. Geophysical data, mainly acquired during the SISMAORE oceanographic cruise (2020-2021), were used to image and describe the architecture of sedimentary, volcanic, sequences and crustal domains around the Comoros archipelago at both local and regional scales. The interpretation of the reflection seismic profiles over the new volcanic structure, Fani Maoré, allowed for imaging the internal structure of the volcano and identifying pre-eruptive paleosurfaces by identifying recent magmatic materials. A consistent seismic stratigraphy of the Comoros basin was established to provide age constraints on volcanic events in the area using the limited well data available in the Comoros basin and the Morondava basin. This seismic stratigraphy revealed that the construction of Mayotte Island began around 28 million years ago, significantly revising previous land-based dating of 10 million years. In the second part, through the analysis of all reflection seismic profiles acquired during the SISMAORE cruise, the different volcanic construction phases of the Comoros archipelago's islands were observed and constrained in age, based on the seismic stratigraphy. At least three major construction phases of Mayotte Island were characterized 28, 22, and 9 million years ago. Similarly, the beginning of the main construction phase for Mohéli (9 million years ago), Anjouan (4 million years ago), Grande Comore (2 million years ago), as well as the Geyser and Zélée Bank (32 million years ago) and the volcanic ridges of the Jumelles (4 million years ago) were identified. The onset of volcanic activity becomes progressively more recent from the easternmost to the westernmost end of the archipelago. This chronological sequence of volcanic activity shares several similarities with the temporal evolution of magmatism in Madagascar and the East African Rift. Magmatic activity began in the Upper Oligocene, followed by a period of quiescence in the Middle Miocene, and then resumed at the end of the Miocene, coinciding with widespread deformation along the East African Rift, including its offshore branches and Madagascar. Thus, the Comoros archipelago may correspond to a branch of the East African Rift initiated as early as the beginning of the Miocene. Finally, in the third part, it is demonstrated that the crust around the Comoros is of an oceanic nature through the study of reflection and refraction seismic profiles. Mapping the depth of the top of the oceanic crust reveals a deeper crustal domain south of the archipelago compared to the north. By correlating fracture zone mapping, the average direction of the Comoros archipelago's islands, and the presence of crustal reactivation involving volcanism, it is suggested that ancient fracture zones in the direction of Somalian basin accretion have at least partially controlled the formation of the Comoros archipelago
Oguadinma, Vivian Onyinyechukwu. "The submarine canyon heads of the Niger delta : structural controls, sedimentary infilling and Cenozoic evolution." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR087.
Повний текст джерелаSubmarine canyons are major corridors for transferring sediments from continents to deep submarine basins. Considered transit structures sealed by distal mud, canyons have little perspective in reservoir geology. The source of the sediments, the timing of inputs, and the transport mechanisms in submarine canyons differ from one margin to another depending on the climatic and geodynamic contexts, making it a vast field of study. This work presents the results of a high-resolution 3D seismic survey of a south-eastern submarine canyon in the Niger Delta, the Galabor Canyon. After a literature review, two articles submitted to BSGF are presented in this dissertation. The first article focuses on seismic geomorphology and the relationships between gravity deformation (shale ridges, detachment faults) and canyon dynamics. The seismic volume studied, wedged at the well (gamma ray and biostratigraphic calibration), was explored through (i) vertical sections along and across the thalwegs of the canyon and (ii) seismic attribute maps of key horizons. The confinement of turbiditic flows in intra slope basin bordered by shale ridges explains much of the trapping of sand at the upper slope. Channel processes are responsible for sorting and concentrating sand in meander belts that extend far beyond the initial incision. The second article concerns sequential stratigraphy. Two 100,000-year-old deposition sequences are identified, separated by a dated horizon of 0.99 Ma. In each sequence, the sand is not sourced by an incised valley but by the regressive submarine erosion of shelf-edge deltas. The sand is bypassed in the falling stage system tract, dominated by mass transport deposits, and preserved in the low stand system tract. The transgressive system tract, which is thick and forms an excellent seal above the sandy reservoir, is dominated by fine hemipelagic sedimentation and the high stand system tract is absent. Questions such as sediment source and flow transformations between gravity and tractive mechanisms remain unanswered
Chapron, Emmanuel. "Contrôles climatique et sismo-tectonique de la sédimentation lacustre dans l'Avant Pays Alpin (Lac du Bourget) durant le quaternaire récent." Phd thesis, Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-285.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMeurisse, Murielle. "Enregistrement haute résolution des massifs dunaires Manche, mer du Nord et Atlantique : le rôle des tempêtes." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-347.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHaupert, Isabelle. "Etude des hauts et bas topographiques dans les marges profondes de type « upper plate » : exemple des unités du Briançonnais et du Prépiémontais dans les Alpes et comparaison avec des analogues modernes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAH016/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study focused on the characterization of so called “H-blocks” recorded in upper plate. The onshore-offshore approach used in this study enabled to characterize and divide the crustal architecture of upper plate margins in three terraces and two ramps, characterized by diagnostic structural and stratigraphic features. Limits of terraces and location of ramps are considered to coincide with changes in the mode of extension and to define major limits/points. It appears that major Alpine structures result from the reactivation of former ramps or extensional detachment faults. Final collision appears to be controlled by the presence of strong buttresses that may coincide with the necking zone/coupling point of the former margin. The comparison of the different datasets ranging from field outcrops to seismic sections enables integrate more detailed geological observations in seismic observations
Ruellan, Etienne. "Géologie des marges continentales passives : Evolution de la marge atlantique du Maroc (Mazagan) : Etude par submersible, seabeam et sismique réflexion : Comparaison avec la marge N.O. africaine et la marge homologue E. américaine." Brest, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BRES0014.
Повний текст джерелаGaylor, Jonathan. "40Ar/39Ar Dating of the Late Cretaceous." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01017165.
Повний текст джерелаBialkowski, Anne. "Stratigraphie isotopique (carbone et oxygène) des séries continentales d'un bassin d'avant-pays (Oligo-Miocène du bassin de Digne-Valensole) : paléoenvironnements et séquences de dépôt." Phd thesis, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00819770.
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