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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Methane South Australia"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021
Оновлено: 29 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Methane South Australia"

1

Loh, Z. M., R. M. Law, K. D. Haynes, P. B. Krummel, L. P. Steele, P. J. Fraser, S. Chambers, and A. Williams. "Simulations of atmospheric methane for Cape Grim, Tasmania, to constrain South East Australian methane emissions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 15 (August 19, 2014): 21189–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-21189-2014.

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Abstract. This study uses two climate models and six scenarios of prescribed methane emissions to compare modelled and observed atmospheric methane between 1994 and 2007, for Cape Grim, Australia (40.7° S, 144.7° E). The model simulations follow the TransCom-CH4 protocol and use the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator (ACCESS) and the CSIRO Conformal-Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM). Radon is also simulated and used to reduce the impact of transport differences between the models and observations. Comparisons are made for air samples that have traversed the Australian continent. All six emission scenarios give modelled concentrations that are broadly consistent with those observed. There are three notable mismatches, however. Firstly, scenarios that incorporate interannually varying biomass burning emissions produce anomalously high methane concentrations at Cape Grim at times of large fire events in southeastern Australia, most likely due to the fire methane emissions being unrealistically input into the lowest model level. Secondly, scenarios with wetland methane emissions in the austral winter overestimate methane concentrations at Cape Grim during wintertime while scenarios without winter wetland emissions perform better. Finally, all scenarios fail to represent a methane source in austral spring implied by the observations. It is possible that the timing of wetland emissions in the scenarios is incorrect with recent satellite measurements suggesting an austral spring (September-October-November), rather than winter, maximum for wetland emissions.
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2

Boon, Paul I., Kerri L. Muller, and George G. Ganf. "Methane emissions from diverse wetlands in south-eastern Australia." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 27, no. 3 (November 2000): 1382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1998.11901462.

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3

Bai, M., S. Muir, D. Rowell, J. Hill, D. Chen, T. Naylor, F. Phillips, T. Denmead, D. Griffiths, and R. Edis. "Quantification of greenhouse gas emissions from a beef feedlot system in south-east Australia during summer conditions." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200028593.

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Feedlot management systems for beef cattle are becoming a more common practice in Australia reflecting opportunities to ensure quality of product whilst maintaining cost efficiencies within production. However, feedlot systems have been identified as point sources of greenhouse gases emissions (GGE: methane, nitrous oxide and the indirect greenhouse gas ammonia). It has been estimated that feedlot systems contribute 3.5% of total direct methane emissions (Alford et al. 2006), and 30% of total emissions from livestock wastes. Furthermore, approximately 1% of total N2O emissions from agriculture are attributed to livestock. This paper reports methane, N2O and NH3 emissions from an Australian feedlot system managed under summer climatic conditions. It compares actual measured emissions with estimated from three recognised models used by national governments to estimate total GGE per annum from livestock agriculture.
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4

Dighton, P. F. "COAL SEAM METHANE—MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF BUYERS, FINANCIERS AND REGULATORS." APPEA Journal 40, no. 1 (2000): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj99053.

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Significant work is taking place in Queensland and New South Wales to make the recovery of natural gas from coal seams (Coal Seam Methane) a viable industry. At this stage there are still some daunting hurdles to overcome. Australian buyers and financiers remain sceptical on resource risk and continuity of supply issues. In the USA commercial production has been taking place for 20 years, but the industry was only able to achieve credibility and viability by relying on tax breaks. Unfortunately, the same type of government incentives are not present in Australia. Whether, in the absence of these incentives, Australian producers can harness the resource on an economic basis remains to be seen.
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5

Wakelin-King, Gordon. "Highlights and trends in exploration 2009." APPEA Journal 50, no. 1 (2010): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09008.

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2009 saw an overall decrease from high activity from 2008, levelling off in the December quarter as the economy stabilised. Unsurprisingly, most activity was in offshore Western Australia and on coal seam methane (CSM) in Queensland. Highlights include: good results in the Carnarvon and Browse basins for Western Australian operators, interest in Karoon and Conoco-Phillips’ enigmatic Poseidon project, over 180 CSM exploration wells in Queenslandd, and a relatively busy year for Tasmania. Western Australian seismic acquisition approached 10,000 km of 2D and 25,000 km2 of 3D for 38* wells and success rate around 50%. South Australia saw the highest conventional onshore drilling and seismic activity, with good results for 17 wells, while other states saw low activity in this sector. Victoria saw one offshore exploration well and no seismic. Tasmania also saw no new seismic, but saw four exploration wells and encouragement at Rockhopper–1. CSM is picking up in South Australia, and New South Wales saw continued high CSM activity in a historically low-activity region. High success rates suggest two trends: explorers finding value in 3D seismic, and a ‘flight to quality’ as operating costs and poorer access to capital reinforce risk aversion among operators. Elsewhere, geothermal energy helped small cap investors satisfy their appetite for risk outside of the petroleum industry, and results will be watched with great interest. *Numbers are from early public and departmental statistics and may be revised.
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6

Boon, P. I., and K. Lee. "Methane oxidation in sediments of a floodplain wetland in south‐eastern Australia." Letters in Applied Microbiology 25, no. 2 (August 1997): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-765x.1997.00189.x.

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7

Muller, KL, GG Ganf, and PI Boon. "Methane flux from beds of Baumea arthrophylla (Nees) Boeckeler and Triglochin procerum R. Br. at Bool Lagoon, South Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 45, no. 8 (1994): 1543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9941543.

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The flux of methane from freshwater wetlands is likely to be influenced by the presence of emergent macrophytes. The plants generate an organic loading, which should increase methanogenesis, yet they also aerate the sediment, creating oxic zones inimical to the obligately anaerobic methanogenic bacteria and promoting the oxidation of methane by methanotrophic bacteria. Moreover, emergent plants can act as a conduit for methane to be vented to the atmosphere. Depth profiles of oxygen in beds of B. arthrophylla and T. procerum at Bool Lagoon, South Australia, showed that water at the sediment surface was anoxic during the night but became oxygenated during the latter part of the day. Redox profiles of the sediment gave values that ranged from -50 to +250 mV, indicating a sediment that was not highly reducing. Despite these conditions, the wetlands were sources of significant methane emissions, with total water-atmosphere fluxes ranging from < 0.0 t1o 1.05 mmol m-2 h-1. The presence of B. arthrophylla, but not that of T. procerum, affected the bubble concentration of methane in the sediments. Diel variations in ebullitive or total methane fluxes were not detected, but emissions varied according to water depth and time of year. Treatments that removed macrophytes reduced total methane fluxes to rates approximately equivalent to ebullition, indicating that the plants were acting as a major pathway for the release of methane to the atmosphere. The lack of a clear die1 pattern in emissions suggests that diffusion, rather than convective flow, is the mechanism for this flux through the plants.
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8

Ngo, Phuong Linh. "THE METHANE UPTAKE CAPACITY OF SOIL GARDEN." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55, no. 4C (March 24, 2018): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/4c/12140.

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Aerobic CH4 oxidation through methanotrophic bacteria is the only terrestrial sink and the only sink that can be altered directly or indirectly by human so far. However, the capacity of this sink is highly variable in different ecosystems depending on four key factors which are soil diffusivity, soil temperature, soil nitrogen status and soil moisture. While many studies in Australia experience the significant inverse correlation between soil moisture and CH4 flux magnitude in temperate forests in Victoria and New South Wales, there is a lack of research about the methane uptake capacity of garden soil. Consequently, we hypothesise that there is a similar pattern of CH4 uptake by garden soil. The aim of this study is to determine the capacity of CH4 oxidation along the soil garden profile. Our study was conducted at a native garden in Burnley Campus of the University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Our results show three main findings. Firstly, garden soil can become a significant sink of CH4. Secondly, there was a significant correlation between soil moisture and the soil CH4 uptake rates. Finally, there was an expansion of the CH4 oxidation layer to deeper soil layers as the soil dries at the surface.
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Akumu, Clement E., Sumith Pathirana, Serwan Baban, and Daniel Bucher. "Modeling Methane Emission from Wetlands in North-Eastern New South Wales, Australia Using Landsat ETM+." Remote Sensing 2, no. 5 (May 17, 2010): 1378–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs2051378.

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10

Kondo, Yutaka, Nobuyuki Takegawa, Yuzo Miyazaki, Malcolm Ko, Makoto Koike, Kazuyuki Kita, Shuji Kawakami, et al. "Effects of biomass burning and lightning on atmospheric chemistry over Australia and South-east Asia." International Journal of Wildland Fire 12, no. 4 (2003): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf03014.

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Анотація:
In situ aircraft measurements of trace gases and aerosols were made in the boundary layer (BL) and free troposphere (FT) over Indonesia and Australia during the Biomass Burning and Lightning Experiment (BIBLE)-A and B conducted in August–October 1998 and 1999.Concentrations of ozone (O3) and its precursors [CO, reactive nitrogen (NOx), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs)] were measured in these campaigns to identify the sources of NOx and to estimate the effects of biomass burning and lightning on photochemical production of O3. Over Indonesia, in-situ production of NOx by lightning was found to be a major source of reactive nitrogen in the upper troposphere during BIBLE-A. In some circumstances, increases in reactive nitrogen were often associated with enhancements in CO and NMHCs, suggesting that the sources were biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion, followed by upward transport by cumulus convection. Over Australia the levels of O3, CO, reactive nitrogen, and NMHCs were elevated throughout the troposphere compared to those observed in the tropical Pacific. However, the mechanisms responsible for the enhanced concentrations in the BL and FT are distinctly different. The emissions from biomass burning that occurred in northern Australia were restricted to the BL because of strong subsidence in the period. In the FT over Australia, elevated concentrations of O3 and its precursors result from injections of emissions as the air masses travel over Africa, South America, the Indian Ocean, and Indonesia en route to Australia. In all cases, O3 levels in the biomass burning plumes were enhanced due to photochemical production.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Methane South Australia"

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Muller, Kerri. "Methane production at Bool Lagoon, South-East, South Australia /." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbm958.pdf.

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2

Turton, David James. "Australia's Coal Seam Gas Debate: Perspectives across Time, Space, Law and Selected Professions." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142834.

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Анотація:
Coal seam gas (CSG) extraction is a source of ongoing controversy in the Australian States of New South Wales and Queensland. Primarily composed of methane, CSG has evolved from a gas extracted in the interests of coal miner safety, to a profitable concern, source of electricity generation and, arguably, a transition fuel in a carbon-constrained future. Efforts to develop Australia’s CSG industry since the early 2000s has brought the sector into increased geographical proximity with existing land uses. Arguments over CSG and its potential risks and benefits remain ongoing, yet the nation’s CSG debate often lacks historical context, geographical insights, justice research perspectives and viewpoints from key professionals associated with this resource. This thesis therefore poses the overarching question: how can environmental history, legal geography, procedural and distributive justice, and profession-specific insights from lawyers, judges and planners, shed light upon this controversial resource? Drawing on a typology of relevance for environmental history, current CSG land access conflicts in Queensland are contextualised within past efforts in that State to promote coexistence between grain growers and coal miners, comparing the State’s statutorily enshrined Land Access Code 2010 with a voluntary Explorer-Landholder Procedures Guide produced in 1982 by agricultural and mining stakeholders. Building on this temporal aspect of formal and informal land access agreements, a legal geography lens is taken to unconventional gas in Australia, highlighting its value as a tool for investigating CSG – particularly for investigating the involvement of lawyers and judges in land use disputes. Acknowledging that lawyers are multifaceted participants in Australia’s CSG discussion, an extended study of their participation in recorded community forums in Queensland and New South Wales demonstrates this profession’s significant role in informing community forum audiences about land access laws concerning CSG, while also critiquing these laws by referring to personal experiences with the legal process. Viewpoints from judges associated with CSG-related litigation were also sought out and framed by both legal geography and procedural and distributive justice. An examination of a selection of court judgments concerning CSG revealed that procedural and distributive justice issues have arisen in New South Wales and Queensland. These judgments attend to the place of Australian local governments in negotiations with CSG operators, the provision of accurate mapping information to landholders by CSG companies and the nature of effective engagement in community consultation. Judges were also shown to engage with geographical concepts in their rulings, namely scale. Finally, this thesis examines planners in Australia’s CSG controversy. Advancing research into the roles and self-perceptions of planners through interviews with planners in New South Wales and Queensland and related documentary sources, these professionals were found to be flexible in their approach to the industry, adopting community advocate, facilitator of development and social gatekeeper roles as needed. The discussion and findings of this research pose important questions about CSG and the multifaceted impacts of this unconventional fossil fuel – stressing the utility of analysis that is informed by space, law, history, justice and the expertise of professionals.
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3

Muller, Kerri Louise. "A comparison of methane dynamics between wetlands constructed for wastewater treatment and a natural sedgeland in South Australia." 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm9585.pdf.

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4

Muller, Kerri Louise. "A comparison of methane dynamics between wetlands constructed for wastewater treatment and a natural sedgeland in South Australia / Kerri Louise Muller." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21684.

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"Figures, tables and the appendices appear in the volume II".
Bibliography: leaves 130-152.
2 v. (152 leaves, [5] leaves of plates; [75] leaves) : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 30 cm.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Botany, 2001
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5

Hanson, Charlotte. "Regulating the known unknowns : how environmental uncertainty is addressed in the regulation of the coal seam gas industry in Queensland and New South Wales." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/109600.

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Environmental regulation issues surrounding Australia's mining sector have received relatively little attention from environmental law scholars. 1 This neglect has meant there has not been a concerted attempt to draw lessons for environmental law and regulation from the experience of this sector. This thesis aims to contribute to that field of scholarship with an examination of the regulation of Australia's burgeoning coal seam gas (CSG) industry.
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6

Issac-Toua, Geethanjali. "Samples of urban and rural methadone clients : comparing health outcomes, Blood Borne Virus transmission risk, and validity of Hepatitis C self-report." Phd thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147103.

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Частини книг з теми "Methane South Australia"

1

Thießen, O., M. Schmidt, R. Botz, M. Schmitt, and P. Stoffers. "Methane Venting into the Water Column Above the Pitcairn and the Society — Austral Seamounts, South Pacific." In Oceanic Hotspots, 407–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18782-7_14.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Methane South Australia"

1

Thovhogi*, Tshifhiwa, Sean Johnson, and Xavier Schalkwyk. "Assessment of the Coal Bed Methane Resource Potential Within Coal-bearing Strata of the Karoo Supergroup, South Africa." In International Conference and Exhibition, Melbourne, Australia 13-16 September 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/ice2015-2211000.

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