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1
Sieglaff, Justin M., Daniel C. Hartung, Wayne F. Feltz, Lee M. Cronce, and Valliappa Lakshmanan. "A Satellite-Based Convective Cloud Object Tracking and Multipurpose Data Fusion Tool with Application to Developing Convection." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 30, no. 3 (March 1, 2013): 510–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-12-00114.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Studying deep convective clouds requires the use of available observation platforms with high temporal and spatial resolution, as well as other non–remote sensing meteorological data (i.e., numerical weather prediction model output, conventional observations, etc.). Such data are often at different temporal and spatial resolutions, and consequently, there exists the need to fuse these different meteorological datasets into a single framework. This paper introduces a methodology to identify and track convective cloud objects from convective cloud infancy [as few as three Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) infrared (IR) pixels] into the mature phase (hundreds of GOES IR pixels) using only geostationary imager IR window observations for the purpose of monitoring the initial growth of convective clouds. The object tracking system described within builds upon the Warning Decision Support System-Integrated Information (WDSS-II) object tracking capabilities. The system uses an IR-window-based field as input to WDSS-II for cloud object identification and tracking and a Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies at the University of Wisconsin (UW-CIMSS)-developed postprocessing algorithm to combine WDSS-II cloud object output. The final output of the system is used to fuse multiple meteorological datasets into a single cloud object framework. The object tracking system performance analysis shows improved object tracking performance with both increased temporal resolution of the geostationary data and increased cloud object size. The system output is demonstrated as an effective means for fusing a variety of meteorological data including raw satellite observations, satellite algorithm output, radar observations, and derived output, numerical weather prediction model output, and lightning detection data for studying the initial growth of deep convective clouds and temporal trends of such data.
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Rottner, Lucie, Philippe Arbogast, Mayeul Destouches, Yamina Hamidi, and Laure Raynaud. "The similarity-based method: a new object detection method for deterministic and ensemble weather forecasts." Advances in Science and Research 16 (September 3, 2019): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-16-209-2019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. A new object-oriented method has been developed to detect hazardous phenomena predicted by Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models. This method, called similarity-based method, is looking for specific meteorological objects in the forecasts, which are defined by a reference histogram representing the meteorological phenomena to be detected. The similarity-based method enables to cope with small scale unpredictable details of mesoscale structures in meteorological models and to quantify the uncertainties on the location of the predicted phenomena. Applied to ensemble forecasts, the similarity-based method can be viewed as a particular case of neighborhood processing, allowing spatialized probabilities to be computed. An application to rainfall detection using forecasts from the AROME deterministic and ensemble models is presented.
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Kostromin, Roman, Olga Basharina, Alexander Feoktistov, and Ivan Sidorov. "Microservice-Based Approach to Simulating Environmentally Friendly Equipment of Infrastructure Objects Taking into Account Meteorological Data." Atmosphere 12, no. 9 (September 17, 2021): 1217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12091217.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nowadays, simulation modeling is a relevant and practically significant means in the field for research of infrastructure object functioning. It forms the basis for studying the most important components of such objects represented by their digital twins. Applying meteorological data, in this context, becomes an important issue. In the paper, we propose a new microservice-based approach for organizing simulation modeling in heterogeneous distributed computing environments. Within the proposed approach, all operations related to data preparing, executing models, and analyzing the obtained results are implemented as microservices. The main advantages of the proposed approach are the parameter sweep computing within simulation modeling and possibility of integrating resources of public access supercomputer centers with cloud and fog platforms. Moreover, we provide automated microservice web forms using special model specifications. We develop and apply the service-oriented tools for studying environmentally friendly equipment of the objects at the Baikal natural territory. Among such objects are recreation tourist centers, children’s camps, museums, exhibition centers, etc. As a result, we have evaluated the costs for the possible use of heat pumps in different operational and meteorological conditions for the typical object. The provided comparative analysis has confirmed the aforementioned advantages of the proposed approach.
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Katsev, I. L., and E. P. Zege. "The modern theory of black object visibility and meteorological visibility range." Atmospheric Environment 28, no. 5 (March 1994): 763–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(94)90234-8.
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Muniroh, Nur, and Dicki Achmad Muzayyinul Achkam. "PERANCANGAN APLIKASI INVENTARISASI SUKU CADANG PERALATAN METEOROLOGI BERBASIS SISTEM OPERASI ANDROID DENGAN DATABASE SQLITE PADA SUB BIDANG INSTRUMENTASI REKAYASA PERALATAN METEOROLOGI BMKG." Jurnal Teknologi dan Bisnis 1, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37087/jtb.v1i1.52.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The object of this research is the sub-field of instrumentation and engineering of the Jakarta BMKG meteorological equipment. This sub-sector of instrumentation and engineering of meteorological equipment is that which provides spare parts for meteorological equipment for meteorological stations throughout Indonesia.
In the inventory of spare parts in the sub-field of instrumentation and engineering of meteorological equipment, MS Excel is still used on the computer so it is not practical and cannot be carried anywhere.
By using the spare parts inventory application on this android phone and with the SQLite database, it will make it easier for the spare parts inventory process and more practical and can be carried everywhere.
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Pylypiuk, A., and N. Tsvyd. "The problems of “The White Elephant” in the recreational tourism Ukrainian Carpathians." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography 1, no. 43 (October 19, 2013): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.43.1604.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the alpine astronomic meteorological observatory named “The White Elephant” (Bilyi Slon) which is a potential tourist object of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Some proposals and the ways of restoration of the building, as well as possible directions of its existence are developed. Key words: tourism, recreation, observatory, meteorological station, Chornohora (Blackmountain), Pip Ivan, the Ukrainian Carpathians.
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Mao, Kefeng, Xi Chen, Kelan Zhu, Dong Hu, and Yan Li. "A Method to Extract Essential Information from Meteorological Facsimile Charts." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 33, no. 01 (October 11, 2018): 1954001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001419540016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Using image processing technology to extract important information, such as isoline and weather system of the meteorological facsimile chart, is conducive to integration with other information, and has important practical value in navigation operations, marine weather forecasting, target recognition, and image retrieval. In meteorological facsimile charts, there are many types of medium-value lines, dense lines in some areas, superimposition and presence of multiple information, such as isolines and isoline characters, intersection of specific weather system symbols, etc. For different types of contours, numeric characters, weather system symbols and other object characteristics, the corresponding object extraction and recognition methods are proposed: Remove the latitude and longitude lines and coastline in the meteorological facsimile map by basemap matching; According to the position and shape features of the figure box, extract the meteorological fax figure box, separate and remove the different character tagging information; On the basis of identifying triangles and semicircles in weather symbols of the frontal system, the frontal symbols are extracted based on the circumscribed triangles and template matching. First the contour character on the fax image is expanded into a block connected region. Determine the position of the character information by judging the number of pixels in the connected region, and then use rotation and template matching to identify the numeric character. Using the meteorological facsimile maps of the US Meteorological Center and the Japan Meteorological Center for the main information extraction, experiments show that the method of this paper has a good effect on the complete and accurate symbol extraction of frontal weather systems, and reduces the computational complexity of contour detection, isoline extraction and numerical recognition. The methods can detect some information from weather charts properly and the error rate is very low.
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Kovylin, G. D., I. S. Bernikov, and V. N. Vasilishin. "Meteorological service for civil defense tasks." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 16 (October 29, 2017): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.16.2015.12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The place and role of meteorological service for solving problems of population protection against the impact of natural disasters, technological accidents and modern means of destruction (fires, explosions, and terrorist actions) are considered. The shortcomings of the calculation technique and the radar method considered for computing of average wind and explosion (nuclear object accident) power are shown. The ways for solving this problem are developed. The importance and relevance of solving problems related to meteorological service for headquarters of the Civil Defense and the Ministry of Emergency Situations are emphasized, including the necessity of problem solving due to implementation of automatical data computation for meteorological service, development and installation of high-speed meteorological data processing facilities. Proposals to improve the collection, processing and analysis of meteorological and upper-air data required for prediction and assessment of radiation and biological (bacteriological) environment in order to protect the population and the troops are presented.
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Samsonov, Timofey E., Pavel I. Konstantinov, and Mikhail I. Varentsov. "Object-oriented approach to urban canyon analysis and its applications in meteorological modeling." Urban Climate 13 (September 2015): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2015.07.007.
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Brázdil, Rudolf, and Hubert Valášek. "Meteorological measurements and observations at Zákupy in 1718-1720." Geografie 107, no. 1 (2002): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2002107010001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Meteorological observations of the physician Johann Carl Rost at Zákupy (north Bohemia) in the years 1718-1720, published in the overviews of meteorological observations from several European localities by a Wrocław physician Johann Kanold, are analysed. Whereas from October 1718 to December 1719 and from April to December 1720 it is only summary monthly information, from 21 December 1719 to 31 March 1720 Rost performed three times a day measurements of air temperature and pressure and observations of the wind direction and the course of the weather. These records are the object of detailed climatological analysis, completed by the reconstructed surface pressure field of these months. The summarising monthly information is compared with accessible data of Czech narrative sources. Rost's observations are so far the oldest systematic instrumental measurements in the Czech Lands.
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Rabuffetti, D., M. Milelli, M. Graziadei, P. Mercogliano, and E. Oberto. "Evaluation of the hydro-meteorological chain in Piemonte Region, north western Italy - analysis of two HYDROPTIMET test cases." Advances in Geosciences 2 (October 24, 2005): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-2-321-2005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The HYDROPTIMET Project, Interreg IIIB EU program, is developed in the framework of the prediction and prevention of natural hazards related to severe hydro-meteorological events and aims to the optimisation of Hydro-Meteorological warning systems by the experimentation of new tools (such as numerical models) to be used operationally for risk assessment. The object of the research are the Mesoscale weather phenomena and the response of watersheds with size ranging from 102 to 103 km2. Non-hydrostatic meteorological models are used to catch such phenomena at a regional level focusing on the Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (QPF). Furthermore hydrological Quantitative Discharge Forecast (QDF) are performed by the simulation of run-off generation and flood propagation in the main rivers of the interested territory. In this way observed data and QPF are used, in a real-time configuration, for one-way forcing of the hydrological model that works operationally connected to the Piemonte Region Alert System. The main hydro-meteorological events that interested Piemonte Region in the last years are studied, these are the HYDROPTIMET selected test cases of 14-18 November 2002 and 23-26 November 2002. The results obtained in terms of QPF and QDF offer a sound basis to evaluate the sensitivity of the whole hydro-meteorological chain to the uncertainties in the numerical simulations. Different configurations of non-hydrostatic meteorological models are also analysed.
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Karvonen, Juha. "Tracking the motion of recognizable sea-ice objects from coastal radar image sequences." Annals of Glaciology 54, no. 62 (2013): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2013aog62a042.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe Finnish Meteorological Institute has installed image-capturing devices on some Baltic Sea coastal radars for operational sea-ice monitoring and ice product validation. These devices produce radar images, which are saved operationally at about every 2 min. These data can efficiently be utilized in automated tracking of ice motion over sequences of radar images. Reliable estimates of point-wise ice drift can be used as virtual drifter buoys to validate fine-scale ice models. For this purpose we have developed an algorithm, which first locates objects that can reliably be recognized from one radar image to another, and then tracks the motion of these objects until they are lost by the algorithm. The recognizable objects in the first image of an image sequence are located by requiring an object to include a textural content, i.e. the object does not solely consist of a uniform area, and detected edge corner points. The corner points are required to exclude straight linear edges. After locating a suitable number of traceable objects, the tracking is performed between each pair of successive images using a two-resolution phase-correlation algorithm. We have tested the tracking algorithm using image sequences of two coastal radars collected during the 2010/11 and 2011/12 winters.
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Favorskaya, M. N., and V. V. Buryachenko. "Background extraction method for analysis of natural images captured by camera traps." Information and Control Systems, no. 6 (December 18, 2018): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2018-6-35-45.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction:Automatic detection of animals, particularly birds, on images captured in the wild by camera traps remains an unsolved task due to the shooting and weather conditions. Such observations generate thousands or millions of images which are impossible to analyze manually. Wildlife sanctuaries and national parks normally use cheap camera traps. Their low quality images require careful multifold processing prior to the recognition of animal species.Purpose:Developing a background extraction method based on Gaussian mixture model in order to locate an object of interest under any time/season/meteorological conditions.Results:We propose a background extraction method based on a modified Gaussian mixture model. The modification uses truncated pixel values (in low bites) to decrease the dependence on the illumination changes or shadows. After that, binary masks are created and processed instead of real intensity values. The proposed method is aimed for background estimation of natural scenes in wildlife sanctuaries and national parks. Structural elements (trunks of growing and/or fallen trees) are considered slowly changeable during the seasons, while other textured areas are simulated by texture patterns corresponding to the current season. Such an approach provides a compact background model of a scene. Also, we consider the influence of the time/season/meteorological attributes o f a scene with respect to its restoration ability. The method was tested using a rich dataset of natural images obtained on the territory of Ergaki wildlife sanctuary in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia.Practical relevance:The application of the modified Gaussian mixture model provides an accuracy of object detection as high as 79-83% in the daytime and 60-69% at night, under acceptable meteorological conditions. When the meteorological conditions are bad, the accuracy is 5-8% lower.
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Pincevičius, Albertas, Algimantas Vyšniauskas, and Pranas Jankauskas. "MODELING OF THE DETECTION SYSTEM OF FLYING OBJECTS." Aviation 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2004): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16487788.2004.9635872.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A scheme for the dislocation of 3D radar is proposed, and the process of the detection of a flying object is discussed in this paper. The formulae for the evaluation of the probability of detection of a flaying object in case of surveillance by one radar or radar system proposed. The cases are discussed when the probabilistic density of the detection of a flying object is expressed by Normal Distribution or Relay Distribution (in case of bad meteorological conditions). A quantitative estimation of a detection system with concrete parameters is done. The results of the calculation allow the efficiency of the surveillance system to be estimated. The method of calculations can be used for study or for the estimation of the systems of detection of a flying object.
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Cheng, Kexin. "Performance research and prospect exploration of distributed object storage of meteorological data in domestic platform." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1827, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 012131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1827/1/012131.
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Burlov, Vyacheslav, Maxim Polyukhovich, Viktor Mankov, and Yulia Logvinova. "Development of safety management technology of electric power networks in order to sustainable development." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 10004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127410004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the fundamental principles of sustainable development is sustainable electric power supply to consumers. The implementation of this principle is possible only with guaranteed safety of electric power networks. Forecasting of possible threats is one of the tools to reduce the fault rate of technological equipment. Emergency shutdowns are largely caused by meteorological factors. The instability of meteorological conditions can lead to significant negative consequences for human life and activities. For forecasting and diagnosing meteorological conditions, it is advisable to use a territorial geo information system (GIS). Safety management processes requires the process creation with predefined properties. For safety management, it is recommended to use synthesisbased models, which makes it possible to apply an approach based on solving the inverse management problem. As a result of the study, the safety management technology of electric power networks based on the use of GIS was developed. The research considers threats caused by the impact of meteorological factors. In particular, some problems arising under the influence on the control object of environmental temperature, wind, and thunderstorm were analyzed. The presented simulation of safety management processes allows to guarantee reliable and safe electric power supply to consumers.
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Naylor, Simon. "Thermometer screens and the geographies of uniformity in nineteenth-century meteorology." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 73, no. 2 (October 24, 2018): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2018.0037.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
By the 1860s a number of thermometer stands, screens and boxes were being used at public observatories and in private settings. The ultimate object of these humble pieces of scientific infrastructure was to protect the thermometers from precipitation and radiation. In response to concerns over the quality of designs and the comparability of results a trial of the various apparatuses was staged at Strathfield Turgiss, Hampshire, in 1868, and subsequent discussions were organized by Britain's Meteorological Society (from 1883 the Royal Meteorological Society). In an attempt to guarantee uniformity of exposure, the Society recommended the adoption of the Stevenson screen, a double-louvred box designed by Thomas Stevenson in 1866. It was promoted as an essential part of the Society's network of second-order and climatological stations across England. Despite the Meteorological Society's aim of overcoming the idiosyncrasies of geography through recourse to a uniform pattern screen, their chosen design ended up embodying a particular geography: the aesthetic and moral codes of the suburban domestic garden.
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Yang, Wen Xin, Xin Lin He, Guang Yang, Shuang Dui Xu, and Si Chen. "The Study of Native Plants Water Consumption Characteristic in Gurbantunggut Desert." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.189.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The plants' sap flow can characterize water transpiration and consumption, reflect water transmission situation and then determine the vegetation ecological water requirement. This paper takes Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix as the research object, adopts thermal diffusion method[1], studies vegetation trunk fluid flow characteristics and the relationship between the meteorological factors. The results show that: (1) Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix's sap flux density are showed obvious diurnal variation rule, there is a "nap" phenomenon. Haloxylon ammodendron's liquid sap flux density of monthly mean performance is July > June >August, and Tamarix is July > August >June. (2) Haloxylon ammodendron's flow start time in cloudy is delayed about 1 ~ 1.5 h or so than in sunny day, and Tamarix is about 0.5 h delay. (3) Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix's fluid sap flux density in each month are significantly related to meteorological factors, through the regression analysis, Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix's trunk liquid sap flux density can make a regression model with meteorological factors.
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Pan, Liujie, Hongfang Zhang, Jing Liu, Xingxing Gao, and Chunjuan Qi. "Comparative Analysis of SCMOC and Models Rainstorm Forecasting Performance in Qinling Mountains and Their Surrounding Areas." Atmosphere 13, no. 5 (April 28, 2022): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050705.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Taking CMPA (CMA Multi-source Merged Precipitation Analysis System) analysis data as a reference, the research analyzes the forecast performance of ECMWF, CMA-Meso, and SCMOC (National Meteorological Center grid precipitation forecast guidance product) in 74 rainstorm cases in 2020 and 2021 in Qinling Mountains and their surrounding areas by using the dichotomy classical verification score comprehensive diagram and the object-oriented MODE spatial verification method, based on the circulation classification in rainstorm weather. The research conclusions are as follows: (1) based on the high- and low-altitude circulation situation and focused on the direct impact system, rainstorms in the Qinling Mountains and their surrounding areas can be divided into five patterns. (2) Point-to-point verification shows that SCMOC has obvious advantages in rainstorm forecast, but the disadvantage is that the Bias is relatively high. CMA-Meso has advantages in RST (weak weather system) decentralized rainstorm forecast. (3) MODE verification shows that the number of ECMWF and SCMOC independent objects is significantly lower than that of observation, the forecast area of regional rainstorm objects of SCMOC is significantly larger, the SCMOC scattered rainstorm objects are missed, and the number of independent precipitation objects of CMA-Meso is higher than that of the other two precipitation products. (4) The forecast object area and intensity of SCMOC and observation match best in the XFC (westerly trough) circulation situation, while ECMWF has the best results for the forecast of FGXFC (subtropical high westerly trough) rainstorms.
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Savchuk, S. V., V. E. Timofeev, O. A. Shcheglov, V. A. Artemenko, and I. L. Kozlenko. "CORRELATION COMMUNICATION BETWEEN METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS AT EXTREME VALUES OF MAXIMUM AIR TEMPERATURES." Hydrology, hydrochemistry and hydroecology, no. 1 (56) (2020): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2306-5680.2020.1.11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The object of the study is the maximum daily air temperature during the months of the year over 1991-2016 by the data of 186 meteorological stations of Ukraine. Extreme values of the maximum daily temperature equal to or exceeded their 95th (Tmax95p and above, ºС) percentile were taken as extreme. The article sets the dates (137 cases) of extreme values of maximum air temperature on more than 60 % of the territory. For these dates, 13 meteorological parameters were selected: average, minimum, and maximum air temperatures; average, minimum and maximum relative humidity; station and sea-level pressure; average, maximum (from 8 synoptic hours) wind speed; rainfall; height of snow cover. The purpose of this work is to determine the correlation coefficient (K), in particular, statistically significant (K≤-0.6, K≥0.6), on these dates between selected meteorological parameters at 186 meteorological stations of Ukraine for 1991-2013. The density of the cases of statistically significant dependence between the meteorological parameters in extremely warm days in separate seasons is determined. In extremely warm days, meteorological parameters and areas with statistically significant correlations at K≤-0.6 were detected: T and F (focally in southern and some western regions with significant density) − in winter; T and F (with the highest density ubiquitous or almost ubiquitous), P and V (in a large number of regions, usually west or right-bank, but with less frequency) − in the transition seasons, and in the autumn between − T and F (in the south with smaller density) and P and F (in some areas of the north, northwest, west, lower east). In all seasons, such a correlation between other meteorological parameters had a focal distribution, usually with a smaller density. In these days, a focal distribution with a small frequency of dependencies at K≥0.6 was found between the meteorological parameters detected (F and V in transition seasons, T and F in winter), except for similar ones. However, such dependence is observed between T and V in some regions in winter and autumn and in some areas of south, southeast, east with a smaller density. The study of the maximum daily temperature is relevant, because from the level of natural hydrometeorological phenomena it is accompanied by dangerous phenomena, negatively affecting the weather dependent industries.
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SHVEDCHYKOVA, І., O. KRAVCHENKO, J. ROMANCHENKO, and E. KOZAKOV. "Development of a database for forecasting of solar generation in software and hardware complex of power management of a local object." Journal of Electrical and power engineering 14, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2074-2630-2020-1-55-61.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An informational database of clear days for forecasting of electricity generation in software and hardware complex of energy consumption management of a local facility in real operating conditions based on use of statistical meteorological data from open sources is developed. The comparison of clear days solar radiation data for photoelectric systems located at points with different geographical coordinates on the territory of Ukraine is carried out. The high consistency of clear days solar radiation data and total electricity generation data of photoelectric systems for selected geographical coordinates is justified. It is shown that the analysis of solar radiation data that receipt in clear days during the period of meteorological observations can be carried out for geographical coordinates of Kiev. The analysis of clear days solar radiation data during the period of meteorological observations is carried out and the time step of data sampling is determined. It is shown that calendar month can be considered the data sampling period by clear days in the database. The exception is the winter period, when calendar month can be divided into two halves, for each of which its own time level of solar radiation receipt is determined. A generalized structure of predicting system of solar radiation receipt in real conditions for software and hardware complex of energy consumption management of local facility is developed. The cloudless sky model was chosen as the basic model for predicting of solar radiation. The input and output data of forecasting system are determined. It is established that to increase the accuracy of forecast, the clear days database should be supplemented by a stochastic model that takes into account real cloudiness. It is shown that further research direction is accounting of cloudiness influence for hourly forecast of solar radiation on surface of photoelectric module with a certain spatial orientation, and for calculations of energy generated by the photoelectric system is temperature of solar panels.
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Li, Chengyuan, Bin Luo, Hailong Hong, Xin Su, Yajun Wang, Jun Liu, Chenjie Wang, Jing Zhang, and Linhai Wei. "Object Detection Based on Global-Local Saliency Constraint in Aerial Images." Remote Sensing 12, no. 9 (May 1, 2020): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12091435.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Different from object detection in natural image, optical remote sensing object detection is a challenging task, due to the diverse meteorological conditions, complex background, varied orientations, scale variations, etc. In this paper, to address this issue, we propose a novel object detection network (the global-local saliency constraint network, GLS-Net) that can make full use of the global semantic information and achieve more accurate oriented bounding boxes. More precisely, to improve the quality of the region proposals and bounding boxes, we first propose a saliency pyramid which combines a saliency algorithm with a feature pyramid network, to reduce the impact of complex background. Based on the saliency pyramid, we then propose a global attention module branch to enhance the semantic connection between the target and the global scenario. A fast feature fusion strategy is also used to combine the local object information based on the saliency pyramid with the global semantic information optimized by the attention mechanism. Finally, we use an angle-sensitive intersection over union (IoU) method to obtain a more accurate five-parameter representation of the oriented bounding boxes. Experiments with a publicly available object detection dataset for aerial images demonstrate that the proposed GLS-Net achieves a state-of-the-art detection performance.
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Yuan, Shanshan, Wei Xu, Yuehao Chen, Mingcai Li, Meiling Sun, and Chumei Hu. "Experimental research on the dynamic control scheme of a heating system based on integrated meteorological parameters." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 38, no. 4 (December 18, 2019): 944–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598719895822.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A good heating regulation should be able to maintain relatively stable indoor temperature. Hence, the dynamic control scheme of a heating system should be formulated considering outdoor temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and direction, and other meteorological factors, rather than just the outdoor temperature. A dynamic control strategy of a heating system based on an integrated meteorological parameter is proposed, which converts several parameters into one using the equivalent influence method. An analysis of the thermal dynamic characteristics of both the building envelope and the heating system established a complete feedforward control scheme. A residential community in north China was selected to conduct operation data monitoring using the aforementioned model. Results showed that the new control scheme could effectively stabilize indoor temperature. The variance of the indoor temperature was 0.48 using the traditional method, and that of the test object was 0.31 after adopting the proposed model.
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LU, CHANG-TIEN, RAIMUNDO F. DOS SANTOS, XUTONG LIU, and YUFENG KOU. "A GRAPH-BASED APPROACH TO DETECT ABNORMAL SPATIAL POINTS AND REGIONS." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 20, no. 04 (August 2011): 721–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213011000309.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Spatial outliers are the spatial objects whose nonspatial attribute values are quite different from those of their spatial neighbors. Identification of spatial outliers is an important task for data mining researchers and geographers. A number of algorithms have been developed to detect spatial anomalies in meteorological images, transportation systems, and contagious disease data. In this paper, we propose a set of graph-based algorithms to identify spatial outliers. Our method first constructs a graph based on k-nearest neighbor relationship in spatial domain, assigns the differences of nonspatial attribute as edge weights, and continuously cuts high-weight edges to identify isolated points or regions that are much dissimilar to their neighboring objects. The proposed algorithms have three major advantages compared with other existing spatial outlier detection methods: accurate in detecting both point and region outliers, capable of avoiding false outliers, and capable of computing the local outlierness of an object within subgraphs. We present time complexity of the algorithms, and show experiments conducted on US housing and Census data to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
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Neri, Carolina, and Víctor Magaña. "Estimation of Vulnerability and Risk to Meteorological Drought in Mexico." Weather, Climate, and Society 8, no. 2 (February 26, 2016): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-15-0005.1.
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Abstract Prolonged droughts severely affect the economic, social, and environmental sectors in Mexico. The interest in reducing the costs of drought is now focused on prevention by means of vulnerability reduction. The present study proposes a methodology to estimate vulnerability and risk to drought, considering the physical, economical, and social factors that make regions of Mexico prone to experiencing hydrological and agricultural droughts. Recognizing that there is no universally accepted way to describe vulnerability, the proposed method defines the object under study, the natural hazard, and vulnerability factors by means of indicators. The vulnerability factors are related to water infrastructure, the condition of aquifers or water reservoirs, the levels of wastewater treatment, water productivity in agriculture, hydraulic infrastructure, and water tariffs. A drought vulnerability model for each Hydrological Administrative Region (RHA) in Mexico is obtained by combining the vulnerability indicators. The product of vulnerability and hazard results in risk estimates that are compared with impact data to validate the approach. Information on agricultural or hydrological drought is used as impact data. The validation process is an important step in the methodology, since it allows examination of the causes of disasters by the vulnerability factors and leads to risk management strategies. It is found that although vulnerability to meteorological drought in the agricultural and hydrological sectors in Mexico has decreased in recent years, the drought risk is still high and results in severe economic losses, such as those registered in central and northern Mexico during the 2011–12 prolonged drought.
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Cherneckaya, I. E., S. V. Spevakova, and D. V. Primenko. "Method and Algorithm for Recognition Dynamic Objects from a Mobile Platform, from Images Obtained in Different Spectral Ranges and Lidar Data." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 24, no. 3 (December 6, 2020): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2020-24-3-121-136.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose of research. In modern automatic information collection systems, autonomous mobile devices are increasingly used, data from which can be obtained in conditions hazardous to human health, from geographically remote places, in difficult meteorological conditions and in round-the-clock observation mode. For the autonomous operation of such devices, it is necessary to use methods and algorithms that allow you to build a map of the area, link a mobile platform to it, determine a route to a target point, highlight obstacles along the route and correct the route taking into account detected obstacles. Methods. The article proposes a method and an algorithm for the selection of dynamic objects from a mobile platform, based on the analysis of data obtained from a multispectral camera, which allows the selection of obstacles, such as water, plant origin, technogenic nature, etc. with reduced computational complexity. To improve the accuracy of determining the coordinates of detected objects, a laser rangefinder is used. Results. We consider the well-known methods of multispectral images recognition and present their comparative analysis. A method and an algorithm for recognition dynamic objects from a mobile platform, from images obtained in different spectral ranges and lidar data are proposed. Experimental studies were carried out to confirm the adequacy of the mathematical substantiation of the method, to reduce the error in calculating the coordinates of the object, at a distance of up to 100 meters to the object, RMSE - 0.447%, MAPE - 0.397, to increase the performance, it took 0, 04 seconds to select the object and determine its coordinates. Conclusion. The article analyzes modern methods for recognizing multispectral images, presents the principles on which each method is based, gives advantages and disadvantages. The authors have developed a method and an algorithm that make it possible to identify static and dynamic obstacles along the route of a mobile platform, based on a sequence of images obtained in different spectral ranges. In the course of experimental studies, the performance of the proposed solutions and compliance with the specified requirements for accuracy and reliability were confirmed.
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Rokochynskiy, Anatoliy, Nadia Frolenkova, Ievgenii Gerasimov, Oleg Pinchuk, Nataliia Prykhodko, and Pavlo Volk. "Evaluation of climate changes and their accounting for developing the reclamation measures in western Ukraine." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 28, no. 1 (April 27, 2019): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2019.28.1.1.
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In modern conditions, there are cardinal climate changes on the Earth as at the planetary scale, as at the regional level. According to numerous hydrometeorological characteristics and indicators, climatologists specialists concluded that Ukraine also take place significant climatic changes in the last 10–25 years. In complicated natural-technical systems, which include irrigation and drainage systems (IDS) on drained lands, the selection of regime-technological and technical solutions on different levels of the decision including the time, should be based on the appropriate meteorological information for selecting climatologically optimal management strategies for such systems in the long-term and annual periods. The decisive influence on the formation of water and the overall natural reclamation modes of reclaimed land and harvest crops in many cases depends exactly from climate or weather conditions. Thus, it is necessary to have available data about their implementation to the relevant object as for number of previous years retrospective observations and the forecast period of functioning of the object. Therefore, forecasting of weather and climate conditions become an indispensable condition for implementation of assessing the overall effectiveness of IDS operation. To solve this problem we performed large-scale computer experiment for multi-year retrospective and current data observations in the area of Zhytomyr Polissya. Were planned and implemented the following variants of studies – «Base», «Transitional», «Recent», «CCCM», «UKMO». The forecast was done for five years of typical groups of vegetation periods regarding conditions of heat and moisture provision (very wet – 10%, wet – 30%, average – 50%, dry – 70%, very dry – 90%) on such basic meteorological characteristics: air temperature; precipitation; relative air humidity; defi cit of air humidity; photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); coeffi cient of moisture provision (the ratio of precipitation to evapotranspiration). Obtained results of comparative assess-ment of climatic conditions in Zhytomyr Polissya zone, suggests that for most of the basic meteorological parameters, already there are changes that in the short term may exceed 10% of the critical ecological threshold, which will lead to relevant irreversible changes in the state of the environment in the region.
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Berezhnoy, D. A., S. Yu Butuzov, and O. A. Kosorukov. "Modeling the threats of dangerous weather conditions using the theory of blurred sets." Technology of technosphere safety 94 (2021): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/tts.2021.4.94.187-200.
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Introduction. The author's methods of forecasting the threat of emergencies caused by hazardous meteorological conditions are considered to ensure the required level of safety, including on the territory of the Republic of Crimea. Research objective: increasing the efficiency of the warning system and informing the population about emergency situations caused by hazardous weather conditions. Methods. To solve the problem of decision-making when predicting emergency situations caused by hazardous meteorological conditions, the methods of the theory of fuzzy sets are used. The article presents a method for determining the criteria, with the help of which it is possible to establish exactly whether the presented object belongs to the corresponding class. To implement the goal of timely informing and alerting the population and services of the Unified State System for the Prevention and Response of Emergencies (RSChS), lowering the entropy of an adequate assessment of the situation and taking effective measures to preserve the life and health of people, it is proposed to rank the criteria by wind speed, precipitation and air temperature , according to the levels of danger, indicating specific preventive measures for the population, management bodies and RSChS services. Results and discussion. A method is presented for determining the criteria by which it is possible to establish exactly whether the presented object belongs to the appropriate class. The method allows you to determine to what level of danger the situation can go. Conclusions. As the analysis has shown, the likelihood of the occurrence of a yellow level of threat during the year is practically the same. At the same time, the likelihood of a deterioration in the situation with the already emerging yellow threat level in the autumn-winter period is slightly higher. When the wind speed reaches the upper boundaries of the yellow level of threat in the autumn-winter period, the situation worsens twice as often than with the same values of the indicators in the spring-summer period. Key words: meteorological conditions, forecasting, fuzzy set theory, decision support system.
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Kim, D., and M. H. Ahn. "Introduction to the in orbit test and its performance of the first meteorological imager of the Communication, Ocean, and Meteorological Satellite." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 6, no. 6 (December 17, 2013): 10889–920. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-6-10889-2013.
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Abstract. The first geostationary earth observation satellite of Korea, named Communication, Ocean, and Meteorological Satellite (COMS), is successfully launched on 27 June 2010 in Korea Standard Time. After arrival of its operational orbit, the satellite underwent in orbit test (IOT) lasting for about 8 months. During the IOT period, the meteorological imager went through tests for its functional and performance demonstration. With the successful acquisition of the first visible channel image, signal chain from the payload to satellite bus and to the ground is also verified. While waiting for the outgassing operation, several functional tests for the payload are also performed. By taking an observation of different sizes of image, of various object targets such as the Sun, moon, and internal calibration target, it has been demonstrated that the payload performs as commanded, satisfying its functional requirements. After successful operation of outgassing which lasted about 40 days, the first set of infrared images is also successfully acquired and the full performance test started. The radiometric performance of the meteorological imager is tested by signal to noise ratio (SNR) for the visible channel, noise equivalent differential temperature (NEdT) for the infrared channels, and pixel to pixel non-uniformity. In case of the visible channel, SNR of all 8 detectors are obtained using the ground measured parameters and background signals obtained in orbit and are larger than 26 at 5% albedo, exceeding the user requirement value of 10 with a significant margin. The values at 100% albedo also meet the user requirements. Also, the relative variability of detector responsivity among the 8 visible channels meets the user requirement, showing values of about 10% of the user requrirement. For the infrared channels, the NEdT of each detector is well within the user requirement and is comparable with or better than the legacy instruments, except the water vapor channel which is slightly noisier than the legacy instruments. The variability of detector responsivity of infrared channels is also below the user requirement, within 40% of the requirement except shortwave infrared channel. The improved performance result is partly due to the stable and low detector temperature obtained with the spacecraft design, by installing a single solar panel to the opposite side of the meteorological imager.
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Rosier, Ine, Jan Diels, Ben Somers, and Jos Van Orshoven. "A Workflow to Extract the Geometry and Type of Vegetated Landscape Elements from Airborne LiDAR Point Clouds." Remote Sensing 13, no. 20 (October 9, 2021): 4031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13204031.
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Rural European landscapes are characterized by a variety of vegetated landscape elements. Although it is often not their main function, they have the potential to affect river discharge and the frequency, extent, depth and duration of floods downstream by creating both hydrological discontinuities and connections across the landscape. Information about the extent to which individual landscape elements and their spatial location affect peak river discharge and flood frequency and severity in agricultural catchments under specific meteorological conditions is limited. This knowledge gap can partly be explained by the lack of exhaustive inventories of the presence, geometry, and hydrological traits of vegetated landscape elements (vLEs), which in turn is due to the lack of appropriate techniques and source data to produce such inventories and keep them up to date. In this paper, a multi-step methodology is proposed to delineate and classify vLEs based on LiDAR point cloud data in three study areas in Flanders, Belgium. We classified the LiDAR point cloud data into the classes ‘vegetated landscape element point’ and ‘other’ using a Random Forest model with an accuracy classification score ranging between 0.92 and 0.97. The landscape element objects were further classified into the classes ‘tree object’ and ‘shrub object’ using a Logistic Regression model with an area-based accuracy ranging between 0.34 and 0.95.
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Khakimova, G. V., and L. R. Asfandiyarova. "Determination of soil toxicity man-made zones by example of city with developed industry." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 032074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/3/032074.
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Abstract The soils of the industrial city were investigated using phytotesting methods. Cress salad was chosen as the test object. Toxicity was assessed based on a comparison of germination and total seedling length. Based on the experiments conducted, one can judge the close relationship between atmospheric air pollution and depositing media - snow and soil cover. The main centers of contamination were identified, priority sources of pollution were established. It was established that the distribution of pollutants in the city is influenced by the physical and geographical characteristics of the area and meteorological conditions for the dispersion of pollutants.
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Wei, Xu Hui, Bin Hua Yang, Wei Dong Lu, and Ling Wen Kong. "Design of Lifting Electromechanical System for Onboard X-Band Weather Radar Antenna and Data Filtering Analysis." Key Engineering Materials 579-580 (September 2013): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.579-580.740.
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Onboard X-Band Weather Radar and data filter prediction is one of core services of the Xinjiang meteorological emergency system. Based on installation conditions provided by IVECO trunk, the structure of X-band radar antenna, lifting height and antenna work requirements, combined with the modular design concept, this paper developed the X-band weather radar antenna dedicated lifting system. This system consists of radar antenna base platform, lifting rack rails, rollers, sprockets, cylinder etc. when working, the system can not only utilize the synchronizing control strategy to ensure the system stability but also quickly set up an antenna. Based on the design of Onboard X-band Weather radar antenna lifting electromechanical system, we developed the radar data management system. In this software, Object-oriented programming language, multi-threaded programming methods and software modularity method is utilized to design the platform architecture, GIS controls and dynamic mesh technology are used to make the radar map, and based on the principle of Kalman filtering, intelligent prediction approaches are studied. Computer numerical simulation and experimental results show that the electromechanical system developed by this paper has good performance and utilized the data filtering technology to provide the reliable method for meteorological warning.
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Cao, Yuan, Ligang Li, Wei Ni, Bo Liu, Wenbo Zhou, and Qi Xiao. "Amalgamation of Geometry Structure, Meteorological and Thermophysical Parameters for Intelligent Prediction of Temperature Fields in 3D Scenes." Sensors 22, no. 6 (March 20, 2022): 2386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22062386.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Temperature field calculation is an important step in infrared image simulation. However, the existing solutions, such as heat conduction modelling and pre-generated lookup tables based on temperature calculation tools, are difficult to meet the requirements of high-performance simulation of infrared images based on three-dimensional scenes under multi-environmental conditions in terms of accuracy, timeliness, and flexibility. In recent years, machine learning-based temperature field prediction methods have been proposed, but these methods only consider the influence of meteorological parameters on the temperature value, while not considering the geometric structure and the thermophysical parameters of the object, which results in the low accuracy. In this paper, a multivariate temperature field prediction network based on heterogeneous data (MTPHNet) is proposed. The network fuses geometry structure, meteorological, and thermophysical parameters to predict temperature. First, a Point Cloud Feature Extraction Module and Environmental Data Mapping Module are used to extract geometric information, thermophysical, and meteorological features. The extracted features are fused by the Data Fusion Module for temperature field prediction. Experiment results show that MTPHNet significantly improves the prediction accuracy of the temperature field. Compared with the v-Support Vector Regression and the combined back-propagation neural network, the mean absolute error and root mean square error of MTPHNet are reduced by at least 23.4% and 27.7%, respectively, while the R-square is increased by at least 5.85%. MTPHNet also achieves good results in multi-target and complex target temperature field prediction tasks. These results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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BARBAŚ, PIOTR, and BARBARA HELENA SAWICKA. "The influence of methods of potato weed control and meteorological conditions on shaping the tuber yield structure." Agronomy Science 74, no. 3 (December 4, 2019): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/as.2019.3.3.
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The test results were based on a field experiment conducted in 2007–2009 in a pilot plant IHAR – PIB in Jadwisin on lessive soil granulometric composition of loamy sand. Experiment was covered with the method of drawn subblocks in the dependent arrangement, split-plot, in three repeating. Order factor were cultivars of potato, ‘Irga’ and ‘Fianna’, factor II row weed control methods were: (1) object control – without chemical protection; (2) extensive mechanical treatments (every 2 weeks) after planting until short rows; (3) Sencor 70 WG – 1 kg∙ha–1 pre-emergence potato; (4) Sencor 70 WG – 1 kg∙ha–1 + Titus 25 WG – 40 g∙ha–1 + Trend 90 EC – 0.1% pre-emergence potato; (5) Sencor 70 WG – 0.5 kg∙ha–1 after emergence potatoes; (6) Sencor 70 WG – 0.3 kg∙ha–1 + Titus 25 WG – 30 g∙ha–1 + Trend 90 EC – 0.1% after emergence potatoes; (7) Sencor 70 WG – 0.3 kg∙ha–1 + Fusilade Forte 150 EC – 2 dm3∙ ha–1 after emergence potatoes; (8) Sencor 70 WG – 0.3 kg∙ha–1 + Apyros 75 WG 26.5 g∙ha–1 + Atpolan 80 SC – 1∙dm3 ha–1 after emergence of the potato. Spray the plants with herbicides was consumed 300 dm3∙ha–1 water. Harvest tubers were performed on technical maturity of the potato. During the harvest, tubers samples were taken from each plot to assess the yield structure. The ‘Fianna’ cultivar was characterized by a more favourable yield structure, characterized by a higher share of large tubers, in their total weight. Thermal and humid conditions had a significant effect on the potato yield structure. The most beneficial structure of the mass of tubers was provided by mechanical and chemical care with the application of Sencor before the emergence of potato, because it gave the largest share of bulbs in the yield, i.e. 50–60 and >60 mm in diameter, compared to the control object.
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NORMATOV, Parviz, Inom NORMATOV, and Richard ARMSTRONG. "COMPARATIVE ESTIMATION OF RIVER RUNOFF FORMATION IN THE CLIMATIC ZONES OF GORN PAMIR." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 366–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2020-12-3-366-372.
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The research object. The hydrological characteristics of the Gunt and Vanch rivers belonging to the Southwestern and Central climatic zones of the Pamirs and are tributaries of the transboundary Pyanj River are considered. Long-term average values of temperature and precipitation as the main factors affecting the formation of river flows are determined for the period 1944–2016. The state of glaciation in the basins of the respective rivers is estimated. Goal. A comparative assessment of the influence of climatic features and mountain orography on the formation of river flows. Determination of the trend of changes in the climatic conditions of the Gunt and Vanch river basins at different periods of more than 70 years (1944–2016). Research methods. Generalization, systematization of meteorological and hydrological characteristics and determination of their change compared with the base period 1960–1990. Statistical processing of meteorological and hydrological data and establishing a trend of changes in climatic and hydrological characteristics using a differentiated method. Research results. It is shown that the nature of changes in hydrological characteristics, namely the flow of rivers in different climatic zones of the Pamir can differ significantly. On the example of two rivers (Gunt and Vanch) - tributaries of the transboundary Pyanj river, it is shown that the trend of change in the flow of the Gunt river differs from the Vanch river due to the state of glaciation of the river basin. To explain the results the meteorological conditions of the respective river basins and their possible impact on river hydrology were studied. Conclusion. The hydrological characteristics of the Gunt and Vanch rivers in the Pamirs taking into account the meteorological conditions of the respective river basins show that a key factor in improving the state of glaciation and reducing degradation processes, as well as achieving positive trends in the mass balance of glaciers is the presence of sufficient air mass in the glaciation zone. Naturally, this is the key to ensuring a sufficient amount of runoff.
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Namatēvs, Ivars, Roberts Kadiķis, Anatolijs Zencovs, Laura Leja, and Artis Dobrājs. "Dataset of Annotated Virtual Detection Line for Road Traffic Monitoring." Data 7, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data7040040.
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Monitoring, detection, and control of traffic is a serious problem in many cities and on roads around the world and poses a problem for effective and safe control and management of pedestrians with edge devices. Systems using the computer vision approach must ensure the safety of citizens and minimize the risk of traffic collisions. This approach is well suited for multiple object detection by automatic video surveillance cameras on roads, highways, and pedestrian walkways. A new Annotated Virtual Detection Line (AVDL) dataset is presented for multiple object detection, consisting of 74,108 data files and 74,108 manually annotated files divided into six classes: Vehicles, Trucks, Pedestrians, Bicycles, Motorcycles, and Scooters from the video. The data were captured from real road scenes using 50 video cameras from the leading video camera manufacturers at different road locations and under different meteorological conditions. The AVDL dataset consists of two directories, the Data directory and the Labels directory. Both directories provide the data as NumPy arrays. The dataset can be used to train and test deep neural network models for traffic and pedestrian detection, recognition, and counting.
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Hu, Shan Feng, Hong Bing Zhu, and Yu Wang. "Natural Disaster Risk Management and Sustainable Development Research of Huangshan Scenic Area." Advanced Materials Research 709 (June 2013): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.709.735.
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The paper takes Huangshan scenic area as the research object and uses depth interviews and field investigation methods to analyze its natural disaster risk management situation. The research shows that the natural disasters in Huangshan scenic area can be divided into three main types: geological disasters, meteorological and hydrological disasters and forest disasters. Then, the paper summarizes the experience in dealing with natural disasters, including the establishment of Huangshan Scenic Area Disaster Management Center, Scenic lightning monitoring and warning system, and emergency rescue team. Finally, the paper brings up countermeasures for sustainable development of the scenic area from five aspects: enhancing the risk management awareness, using new technology, strengthening stakeholder management and improving the emergency rescue team mechanism.
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Nastos, P. T., and C. S. Zerefos. "Cyclic modes of the intra-annual variability of precipitation in Greece." Advances in Geosciences 25 (March 9, 2010): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-25-45-2010.
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Abstract. The application of harmonic analysis to the annual variability of precipitation is the object of this study, so that the modes, which compose the annual variability, be elicited. For this purpose, monthly precipitation totals from 30 meteorological stations of the Hellenic National Meteorological Service (HNMS), for the period 1950–2000, were used. The initial target is to reduce the number of variables and to detect structure in the relationships between the variables. The most commonly used technique for this purpose is the application of Factor Analysis (FA) resulted in five main factors (sub-regions) with common precipitation characteristics, explaining 77% of the total variance. For each sub-region, a representative station is selected for the analyses, mainly, as the station within the sub-region with the highest factor loading. In the process, the Fourier Analysis is applied to the mean monthly precipitation, so that 2 harmonic components are derived, which explain more than 90% of the total variability of each station, and are due to different synoptic and thermodynamic processes associated with Greece's precipitation regime. Finally the calculation of the time of the maximum precipitation, for each harmonic component, gives the spatial distribution of the appearance of the maximum precipitation in the Greek region.
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Davolio, Silvio, Francesco Silvestro, and Thomas Gastaldo. "Impact of Rainfall Assimilation on High-Resolution Hydrometeorological Forecasts over Liguria, Italy." Journal of Hydrometeorology 18, no. 10 (October 1, 2017): 2659–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-17-0073.1.
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Abstract The autumn of 2014 was characterized by a number of severe weather episodes over Liguria (northern Italy) associated with floods and remarkable damage. This period is selected as a test bed to evaluate the performance of a rainfall assimilation scheme based on the nudging of humidity profiles and applied to a convection-permitting meteorological model at high resolution. The impact of the scheme is assessed in terms of quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF) applying an object-oriented verification methodology that evaluates the structure, amplitude, and location (SAL) of the precipitation field, but also in terms of hydrological discharge prediction. To attain this aim, the meteorological model is coupled with the operational hydrological forecasting chain of the Ligurian Hydrometeorological Functional Centre, and the whole system is implemented taking operational requirements into account. The impact of rainfall data assimilation is large during the assimilation period and still relevant in the following 3 h of the free forecasts, but hardly lasts more than 6 h. However, this can improve the hydrological predictions. Moreover, the impact of the assimilation is dependent on the environment characteristics, being more effective when nonequilibrium convection dominates, and thus an accurate prediction of the local triggering for the development of the precipitation system is required.
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Wang, Rui, Wentao Li, Zhen Ma, Chengwei Xu, Xue Yang, Wenxuan He, Xingguo Yang, and Jianchun Zhang. "Research on applicability test algorithm of wind and rain monitoring equipment of high-speed railway." ITM Web of Conferences 45 (2022): 01031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20224501031.
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High-speed railway natural disaster and foreign object intrusion monitoring system is an important technical guarantee for the safe operation of trains. As the basic data source, the reliability and stability of meteorological monitoring equipment is an important prerequisite for the system to play a role. Due to the special measurement principle of meteorological monitoring equipment and the inconvenience of equipment inspection along the high-speed railway, there is currently a lack of flexible and efficient applicability inspection algorithms for equipment failure and monitoring data distortion. Based on the measurement principle of the wind and rain monitoring equipment, this paper analyzes the causes of data distortion and abnormal data characteristics, then puts forward the applicability test algorithm of high-speed railway wind and rain monitoring equipment. Through data analysis methods such as correlation test and difference test, the applicability test of anemometers was carried out. The top-cover piezoelectric rain gauge inspection equipment was developed, and the applicability test of microwave rain gauge was carried out by means of data comparative analysis. Finally, we tested the algorithm in actual high-speed rail lines, and the results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively identify the monitoring equipment with poor adaptability.
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Sornam, M. "OILSPILL AND LOOK-ALIKE SPOTS FROM SAR IMAGERY USING OTSU METHOD AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 4, no. 11 (February 5, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v4.i11.2017.117.
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Oil spill pollution plays a significant role in damaging marine ecosystem. Discharge of oil due to tanker accidents has the most dangerous effects on marine environment. The main waste source is the ship based operational discharges. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) can be effectively used for the detection and classification of oil spills. Oil spills appear as dark spots in SAR images. One major advantage of SAR is that it can generate imagery under all weather conditions. However, similar dark spots may arise from a range of unrelated meteorological and oceanographic phenomena, resulting in misidentification. A major focus of research in this area is the development of algorithms to distinguish ‘oil spills’ from ‘look-alikes’. The features of detected dark spot are then extracted and classified to discriminate oil spills from look-alikes. This paper describes the development of a new approach to SAR oil spill detection using Segmentation method and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). A SAR-based oil-spill detection process consists of three stages: image segmentation, feature extraction and object recognition (classification) of the segmented objects as oil spills or look-alikes. The image segmentation was performed with Otsu method. Classification has been done using Back Propagation Network and this network classifies objects into oil spills or look-alikes according to their feature parameters. Improved results have been achieved for the discrimination of oil spills and look-alikes.
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Li, Yong An, Ya Nan Gao, Zong Jin Yang, and Xue Lai Liu. "Study on Change Regularity of Air Temperature Underground Tunnel Based on Intermittent Operating of Heat Pump." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 1671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.1671.
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In this paper, based on the analysis of strata soil temperature variation, the DeST software is used to simulate changes of outdoor air parameters under typical meteorological year in Jinan. One-dimensional unsteady state soil air heat transfer model is regarded as the research object, this paper theoretically studies export air temperature change rules for the whole year under tunnel intermittent running condition. The results show that the tunnel plays a preheating role for outdoor air in winter and the cold role in summer, which provides a good cold、heat source conditions for the application of air source system based on the tunnel wind, especially the most hot and cold day throughout the year, the system has a remarkable effect.
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Case, Jonathan L., Sujay V. Kumar, Jayanthi Srikishen, and Gary J. Jedlovec. "Improving Numerical Weather Predictions of Summertime Precipitation over the Southeastern United States through a High-Resolution Initialization of the Surface State." Weather and Forecasting 26, no. 6 (December 1, 2011): 785–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011waf2222455.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract It is hypothesized that high-resolution, accurate representations of surface properties such as soil moisture and sea surface temperature are necessary to improve simulations of summertime pulse-type convective precipitation in high-resolution models. This paper presents model verification results of a case study period from June to August 2008 over the southeastern United States using the Weather Research and Forecasting numerical weather prediction model. Experimental simulations initialized with high-resolution land surface fields from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Land Information System (LIS) and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are compared to a set of control simulations initialized with interpolated fields from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction’s (NCEP) 12-km North American Mesoscale model. The LIS land surface and MODIS SSTs provide a more detailed surface initialization at a resolution comparable to the 4-km model grid spacing. Soil moisture from the LIS spinup run is shown to respond better to the extreme rainfall of Tropical Storm Fay in August 2008 over the Florida peninsula. The LIS has slightly lower errors and higher anomaly correlations in the top soil layer but exhibits a stronger dry bias in the root zone. The model sensitivity to the alternative surface initial conditions is examined for a sample case, showing that the LIS–MODIS data substantially impact surface and boundary layer properties. The Developmental Testbed Center’s Meteorological Evaluation Tools package is employed to produce verification statistics, including traditional gridded precipitation verification and output statistics from the Method for Object-Based Diagnostic Evaluation (MODE) tool. The LIS–MODIS initialization is found to produce small improvements in the skill scores of 1-h accumulated precipitation during the forecast hours of the peak diurnal convective cycle. Because there is very little union in time and space between the forecast and observed precipitation systems, results from the MODE object verification are examined to relax the stringency of traditional gridpoint precipitation verification. The MODE results indicate that the LIS–MODIS-initialized model runs increase the 10 mm h−1 matched object areas (“hits”) while simultaneously decreasing the unmatched object areas (“misses” plus “false alarms”) during most of the peak convective forecast hours, with statistically significant improvements of up to 5%. Simulated 1-h precipitation objects in the LIS–MODIS runs more closely resemble the observed objects, particularly at higher accumulation thresholds. Despite the small improvements, however, the overall low verification scores indicate that much uncertainty still exists in simulating the processes responsible for airmass-type convective precipitation systems in convection-allowing models.
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Tian, Jiaqi, Chunsheng Fang, Jiaxin Qiu, and Ju Wang. "Analysis of Ozone Pollution Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Northeast Economic Cooperation Region, China." Atmosphere 12, no. 7 (June 29, 2021): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12070843.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The increase in tropospheric ozone (O3) concentration has become one of the factors restricting urban development. This paper selected the important economic cooperation areas in Northeast China as the research object and collected the hourly monitoring data of pollutants and meteorological data in 11 cities from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. The temporal and spatial variation trend of O3 concentration and the effects of meteorological factors and other pollutants, including CO (carbon monoxide), SO2 (sulfur dioxide), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), and PM2.5 and PM10 (PM particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 μm and 10 μm) on ozone concentration were analyzed. At the same time, the variation period of O3 concentration was further analyzed by Morlet wavelet analysis. The results showed that the O3 pollution in the study area had a significant spatial correlation. The spatial distribution showed that the O3 concentration was relatively high in the south and low in the northeast. Seasonally, the O3 concentration was the highest in spring, followed by summer, and the lowest in winter. The diurnal variation of O3 concentration presented a “single peak” pattern. O3 concentration had a significant positive correlation with temperature, sunshine duration, and wind speed and a significant anticorrelation with CO, NO2, SO2, and PM2.5 concentration. Under the time scale of a = 9, 23, O3 had significant periodic fluctuation, which was similar to those of wind speed and temperature.
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Tapiador, Francisco, Cecilia Marcos, and Juan Sancho. "The Convective Rainfall Rate from Cloud Physical Properties Algorithm for Meteosat Second-Generation Satellites: Microphysical Basis and Intercomparisons using an Object-Based Method." Remote Sensing 11, no. 5 (March 5, 2019): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11050527.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The convective rainfall rate from cloud physical properties (CRPh) algorithm for Meteosat second-generation satellites is a day-only precipitation algorithm developed at the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET) for EUMETSAT’ Satellite Application Facility in support of nowcasting and very short-range forecasting (NWC SAF). It is therefore mainly intended to provide input for monitoring and near-real-time forecasts for a few hours. This letter critically discusses the theoretical basis of the algorithm with special emphasis on the empirical values and assumptions in the microphysics of precipitation, and compares the qualitative performances of the CRPh with its antecessor, the convective rainfall rate algorithm (CRR), using an object-based method applied to a case-study. The analyses show that AEMET’s CRPh is physically consistent and outperforms the CRR. The applicability of the algorithm for nowcasting and the challenges of improving the product to an all-day algorithm are also presented.
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Duda, Filip, Ewa Woźniak, Katarzyna Jereczek-Korzeniewska, and Roman Cieślińsk. "Diversity of water level fluctuations in degraded Baltic raised bogs." Ochrona Srodowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych 28, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/oszn-2017-0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The aim of paper is to present the diversity of water level fluctuations in degraded Baltic raised bogs. An attempt was made to answer the question how strong the diversity of fluctuations is both within each object and between two objects situated close to each other. Moreover, speed and value of the response of water level to atmospheric precipitation were analysed. The spatial scope of the paper covers two Baltic raised bogs in the lower part of the Łeba river valley: Czarne Bagno and Łebskie Bagno. The time scope covers years 2012-2014. The study found that both analysed bogs were a high dynamic in variation of groundwater level. Annual amplitudes of fluctuations in the water table was in the range of 28.4 to 77.9 cm (Łebskie Bagno) and of 45.6 to 105.0 cm (Czarne Bagno). It has been observed that lowering the water level on both peatlands always been recorded in the summer months, whilst the increase in the autumn, which lasted until spring. Retention and the water level on peatlands influenced primarily precipitation. Extreme meteorological conditions that make it less conspicuous is the variation resulting from factors such as location in different parts of the bog or type of degradation.
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Livanova, ັA, and Daria Mordashova. "Verbs of falling in Norwegian (Bokmål)." Acta Linguistica Petropolitana XVI, no. 1 (August 2020): 152–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30842/alp2306573716104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper deals with verbs of falling in Norwegian (Bokmål). The study is based on the frame approach to lexical typology developed by the Moscow lexical typology group. In accordance with this approach, lexical units are described with regard to the possibilities of their use in typical situations (frames), where prototypical participants occur. As the study shows, Norwegian has a dominant system of verbs of falling, in which the whole set of frames is covered by one verb (in the case of Norwegian it is the verb falle). The dominant verb has a fairly wide network of synonyms, which consists mainly of expressive verbs. Among them, there is a subgroup of lexemes that convey a sound which a falling object produces when it reaches a solid surface. There is also a number of onomatopoeic verbs describing light objects falling from above in the air or describing the fall of large masses of liquids. A separate small group is made up of so-called meteorological verbs denoting precipitation. On the periphery of the semantic domain of falling there are verbs marking a change from normal vertical position of floating objects to horizontal or vertical (and some other verbs). Of particular interest are cases of the development of ‘falling’ semantics for verbs that are etymologically related to other meanings (for instance, ‘roll’) or have a different basic meaning in modern Norwegian (‘trickle’, ‘slam, punch’).
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Abdurrahmanova, I. D. "On possibility of utilization of side viewing radars for research of homogeneity of aerospace test plots." Geodesy and Cartography 919, no. 1 (February 20, 2017): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2017-919-1-45-47.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of major properties of territories, designated for construction of aerospace test plots is homogeneity. In order to control the property of test plots homogeneity the statistic of Getis is widely used as its local indicator. If pixels on the object and its neighbors have similar high values the Getis statistics obtain a high value and vice versa a low one. In the article the process of reception the radars’ signal in the plane-parallel model of meteorological object is considered. The surface of the test plot may be taken as such a model. The condition of implementing a side viewing radar for obtaining the remote sensing data on rectangular grid for control of test plot on homogeneity using the Getis statistics is determined. It is shown that by selection of appropriate angle of slope the information from the test plot can be received by equal steps. In this case the homogeneity property of test plots are to be determined by help of Getis statistics on the basis of remote sensing data obtained on rectangular grid. The possibility for utilization of side viewing radars for obtaining the remote sensing data from rectangular grid at the test plot surface for further application of Getis statistics is researched.
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Su, Ying Ming, and Hsin Yao Huang. "Thermo-Environment Analyzer for Indoor Thermal Comfort Simulations in Green Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 576–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.576.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the face of climate change, city development should take into account the concept of energy saving and carbon reduction. This study aims to use 3D building modeling and computer simulation to assess the impact of the residential building balcony on indoor thermal environment. Pufangtian residential building in the northern Taiwan was selected as research object since it was the first to pass the Golden Certification set by Taiwan Green Building Rating System (EEWH). According to the average temperature from 1981-2010 meteorological statistics data issued by Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau, this study had calculated the warmest day & the coldest day as the time for simulation. The simulation results could provide residential building design, in addition to comfort and innovation, with the concept of energy saving and carbon reduction, which will further advance the development of Green Building.
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Алейникова, Наталья Васильевна, Евгения Спиридоновна Галкина, Елена Александровна Болотянская, Владимир Владимирович Андреев, Владимир Николаевич Шапоренко, Павел Александрович Диденко, and Евгения Георгиевна Юрченко. "Grape Alternariosis as a monitored object on grape plantings of Crimea." Magarach Vinogradstvo i Vinodelie, no. 1(115) (March 22, 2021): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35547/im.2021.33.55.007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
При ежегодном распространении и развитии ранее незначимых болезней, актуальным остается своевременный мониторинг и совершенствование защитных мероприятий на виноградных насаждениях Крыма. Цель исследований заключалась в уточнении возбудителя, его диагностических признаков; изучении особенностей развития и вредоносности альтернариоза на виноградниках Крыма; определении оптимальных сроков проведения фунгицидных обработок для эффективного контроля его развития на растениях винограда. Исследования проводились в 2018-2020 гг. на виноградных насаждениях предприятий Юго-западной зоны виноградарства Крыма, а также в лаборатории защиты растений Института «Магарач» согласно общепринятым в отечественной и международной практике методам и методикам. Полученные результаты показывают усиление интенсивности развития и вредоносности альтернариоза на ослабленных растениях винограда при неблагоприятных метеоусловиях (повышенная инсоляция, высокие температуры воздуха, низкая относительная влажность и почвенная засуха). В условиях Крыма выделены наиболее поражаемые альтернариозом сорта винограда - Алиготе, Шардоне, Ркацители, Каберне-Совиньон, Саперави и Бастардо магарачский. В серии полевых экспериментов определены сроки применения фунгицидов в защите от заболевания. Показана высокая биологическая эффективность (74,7-84,3 %) и более продолжительный период контроля за развитием заболевания при профилактическом применении фунгицидов, начиная с фенологической фазы «конец цветения». Полученные результаты исследований будут использованы при разработке регламентов фитосанитарного мониторинга и контроля альтернариоза винограда. With the annual distribution and development of previously insignificant diseases, timely monitoring and improving of protection measures on grape plantings of Crimea remains relevant. The goal of the research was to specify the pathogen and its diagnostic features; studying the peculiarities of development and injuriousness of Alternaria blight in the vineyards of Crimea; determining the optimal timelines of fungicide treatments for effective control of its development on grape plants. The studies were carried out in 2018-2020 on grape plantings of enterprises situated in the South-West viticultural zone of Crimea, as well as in the Plant Protection Laboratory of the Institute Magarach according to the methods and techniques generally accepted in national and international practices. The obtained results show an increase in the intensity of development and injuriousness of Alternariosis on fragile grape plants under unfavorable meteorological conditions (increased solar radiation, high air temperature, low relative humidity and soil drought). In the conditions of Crimea, the most sensitive to Alternaria blight grape varieties are: ‘Aligote’, ‘Chardonnay’, ‘Rkatsiteli’, ‘Cabernet-Sauvignon’, ‘Saperavi’ and ‘Bastardo Magarachskiy’. In a series of field experiments, the timelines of using fungicides in protection against disease were determined. High biological efficiency (74.7-84.3%) and a longer period of control over the disease progress with preventive use of fungicides, starting from the phenological phase “end of flowering”, have been shown. The obtained research results will be used in the development of regulations for phytosanitary monitoring and control of grape Alternariosis.