Дисертації з теми "Metal Oxides Nanoparticles"
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Magnone, Heidi J. "Synthesis and characterization of metal oxide nanoparticles." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1762.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 38 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37).
Xu, Chunbao. "Continuous and batch hydrothermal synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles and metal oxide-activated carbon nanocomposites." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07302006-231517/.
Повний текст джерелаTeja, Amyn, Committee Chair ; Kohl, Paul, Committee Member ; Liu, Meilin, Committee Member ; Nair,Sankar, Committee Member ; Rousseau, Ronald, Committee Member.
Buha, Jelena. "Nonaqueous syntheses of metal oxide and metal nitride nanoparticles." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1836/.
Повний текст джерелаNanostrukturierte Materialien sind Materialien, die aus nanopartikulären Baueinheiten in der Größenordnung von Nanonmetern (d.h. 10-9 m) bestehen. Zusammensetzung, Kristallinität und Morphologie können die natürlichen Eigenschaften dieser Materialien verbessern oder zusätzliche Eigenschaften erzeugen, die für heutige und zukünftige Anwendungen und Verfahren wünschenswert sind. In dieser Arbeit präsentieren wir neue Strategien zur Synthese von Nanopartikeln der Metaloxide und Metalnitride. Im einführenden Teil wird die nichtwässrige Synthese von Metaloxidnanopartikeln beschrieben. Uns gelang die Darstellung von In2O3 Nanopartikeln, deren Größe und Form wir durch die Wahl des Prekursors und des Lösemittels deutlich beeinflussen konnten; von ZnO Mesokristallen durch den Einsatz von Acetonitril als Lösemittel; von Übergangsmetalloxiden (Nb2O5, Ta2O5 and HfO2), die besonders schwer im Nanomaßstab zu erhalten sind und von anderen, technisch relevanten Materialien. Die Möglichkeiten der solvothermalen Synthese sind nicht mit der Darstellung von Oxidmaterialen erschöpft. Im zweiten Teil zeigen wir einige Beispiele nichtwässriger, solvothermaler Synthese von Metalnitriden auf; das Hauptaugenmerk liegt aber auf einer Betrachtung der Einflüsse der Morphologie von Metaloxidnanopartikelprekursoren auf die Bildung der Metalnitridnanopartikel. Die Anzahl und Vielfalt bekannter nanokristalliner Metalnitride ist verschwindend klein im Vergleich zu den Metaloxiden, die in der Fachliteratur etabliert sind und demzufolge einen reichen Baukasten an Prekursoren zur Darstellung von Metalnitriden liefern. Durch die Reaktion von Metaloxidnanopartikeln mit Cyanamid, Urea oder Melamine bei Temperaturen von 800 bis 900 °C unter Stickstofffluss konnten Metalnitride erhalten werden. Eine detaillierte Studie der Reaktionsbedingungen und des Reaktionsablaufs zeigte auf, dass Größe und Kristallinität der Metaloxide, die Art der Stickstoffquelle und die Temperatur die entscheidenden Faktoren sind und legte eine Auflösungs-Rekristallisation als Modelmechanismus dieser Art Reaktion nahe. Darüber hinaus konnte gezeigt worden, dass die anfängliche Morphologie des Oxids unter einem Ammoniafluss beibehalten werden konnte.
Worden, Matthew. "Aqueous syntheses of transition metal oxide nanoparticles for bioapplications." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1440585507.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Zhen. "The Transport and Fate of Metal and Metal Oxides Nanoparticles under Different Environmental Conditions." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1427963167.
Повний текст джерелаTaujale, Saru. "INTERACTIONS BETWEEN METAL OXIDES AND/OR NATURAL ORGANIC MATTER AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE OXIDATIVE REACTIVITY OF MANGANESE DIOXIDE." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/347169.
Повний текст джерелаPh.D.
Mn oxides have high redox potentials and are known to be very reactive, rendering many contaminants susceptible to degradation via oxidation. Although Mn oxides typically occur as mixtures with other metal oxides (e.g., Fe, Al, and Si oxides) and natural organic matter (NOM) in soils and aquatic environments, most studies to date have studied the reactivity of Mn oxides as a single oxide system. This study, for the first time, examined the effect of representative metal oxides (Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, and Fe oxides) and NOM or NOM-model compounds (Aldrich humic acid (AHA), Leonardite humic acid (LHA), pyromellitic acid (PA) and alginate) on the oxidative reactivity of MnO2, as quantified by the oxidation kinetics of triclosan (a widely used phenolic antibacterial agent) as a probe compound. The study also examined the effect of soluble metal ions released from the oxide surfaces on MnO2 reactivity. In binary oxide mixtures, Al2O3 decreased the reactivity of MnO2 as a result of both heteroaggregation and complexation of soluble Al ions with MnO2. At pH 5, the surface charge of MnO2 is negative while that of Al2O3 is positive resulting in intensive heteroaggregation between the two oxides. Up to 3.15 mM of soluble Al ions were detected in the supernatant of 10 g/L of Al2O3 at pH 5.0 whereas the soluble Al concentration was 0.76 mM in the mixed Al2O3 + MnO2 system at the same pH. The lower amount of soluble Al in the latter system is the result of Al ion adsorption by MnO2. The experiments with the addition of 0.001 to 0.1 mM Al3+ to MnO2 suspension indicated the triclosan oxidation rate constant decreased from 0.24 to 0.03 h-1 due to surface complexation. Fe oxides which are also negatively charged at pH 5 inhibited the reactivity of MnO2 through heteroaggregation. The concentration of soluble Fe(III) ions ( 4 mg-TOC/L or [alginate/PA] > 10 mg/L, a lower extent of heteroaggregation was also observed due to the negatively charged surfaces for all oxides. Similar effects on aggregation and MnO2 reactivity as discussed above were observed for ternary MnO2‒Al2O3‒NOM systems. HAs, particularly at high concentrations (2.0 to 12.5 mg-C/L), alleviated the effect of soluble Al ions on MnO2 reactivity as a result of the formation of soluble Al-HA complexes. Alginate and PA, however, did not form soluble complexes with Al ions so they did not affect the effect of Al ions on MnO2 reactivity. Despite the above observations, the amount of Al ions dissolved in MnO2+Al2O3+NOM mixtures was too low, as a result of NOMs adsorption on the surface to passivate oxide dissolution, to have a major impact on MnO2 reactivity. In conclusion, this study provided, for the first time, a systematical understanding of the redox activity of MnO2 in complex model systems. With this new knowledge, the gap between single oxide systems and complex environmental systems is much narrower so that it is possible to have a more accurate prediction of the fate of contaminants in the environment.
Temple University--Theses
Haggstrom, Johanna A. "Synthesis, characterization, biocidal and virucidal properties of metal oxide nanoparticles." Diss., Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1236.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Chemistry
Kenneth J. Klabunde
Non-polar halogens (Cl2, Br2 and I2) and polar interhalogen molecules (ICl, IBr and ICl3) have been adsorbed on the surface of several high surface area materials, including three different nanosized metal oxides (NanoActive® (NA) Al2O3 Plus, NA-TiO2 and NA-CeO2). The prepared halogen and interhalogen adducts have been characterized in detail by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV-Vis, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies (XPS) and the results are discussed herein. The different metal oxides lead to varying strength of adsorption of the halogen/interhalogen in the prepared adducts and adsorption is stronger in the nanosized metal oxides as compared to their macrocrystalline available counterparts. Nanosized metal oxide halogen adducts possess high surface reactivities due to their unique surface morphologies. These adducts have been used as reactive materials against vegetative cells, such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus megaterium, as well as spores, including Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus anthracis (Δ Sterne strain). High biocidal activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as spores have been obtained. Bactericidal test procedures include a water suspension method and a dry membrane method and the results illustrate that good results are obtained using both procedures. Transmission electron micrographs have been used to illustrate the treated and untreated cells and spores, giving insight into the mechanism. It is proposed that the abrasive character of the particles, along with the oxidative power of the halogens/interhalogens as well as the electrostatic attraction between some of the metal oxides and the biological material are main reasons for the high biocidal activities. Three different bacteriophages (MS2, φX174 and PRD1) have also been studied and initial results indicate that there is big potential for the use of metal oxide halogen and interhalogen adducts for the destruction of viruses. Other potential uses for them also include halogenating agents in organic and inorganic synthesis as well as a safe way to store intact halogens.
Ba, Jianhua. "Nonaqueous synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles and their assembly into mesoporous materials." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=982245963.
Повний текст джерелаKarna, Sanjay K. "Enhancement of Light Emission from Metal Nanoparticles Embedded Graphene Oxide." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849637/.
Повний текст джерелаEscorihuela, Martí Laura. "Computational characterisation of metal oxide nanoparticles for hazard screening and risk assessment." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669615.
Повний текст джерелаLas propiedades intrínsecas de las nanopartículas de óxidos metálicos (MEO) NPs son el pilar fundamental de aplicaciones avanzadas tecnológicamente en áreas como electrónica, farmacia o medicina. En cambio, existe un importante vacío en cuanto cómo influyen sus propiedades físico-químicas y el riesgo que suponen para la salud humana, la evaluación de la toxicidad de los nanomateriales es un dura tarea que involucra múltiples condiciones experimentales. Los métodos computacionales, in-silico, teóricos y estadísticos, evalúan, determinan y predicen procesos o incluso propiedades de las sustancias. Además de la urgencia que existe legislativa para evaluar el riesgo que conllevan, existe un vacío en la literatura, dado que en los diferentes experimentos que se explican en la literatura tienen vacíos en la explicación de la metodología empleada o detalles experimentales, entonces no son útiles para la evaluación del riesgo. El método más popular computacional, es Density Functional theory (DFT), basado en la mecánica cuántica. En esta tesis se desarrolla un estricto estudio de los mejores métodos que permiten optimizar desde la energía del estado fundamental para superficies, nanotubos y nanopartículas esféricas. Para obtener valores más precisos para la determinación del band gap, se ha incrementado el nivel de teoría utilizando el DFT + U, finalmente para obtener valores para sistemas de 3000 átomos para la simulación de sistemas biológicos, se ha implementado el método DFTB de dinámica molecular, también utilizado para la evaluación de la solubilidad. Los resultados computacionales obtenidos por ZnO han sido prometedores, entonces se ha probado para el TiO2, demostrando la validez de la metodología ideada. Finalmente, los datos obtenidos se han utilizado para crear modelos de predicción de propiedades (band gap y solubilidad) para NPs más grandes y con estas poder generar modelo nano-QSAR ( Cantidad-eStructura-Acividad-Relación), donde se relacionan estas propiedades estudiadas con el nivel de toxicidad del MeO NP.
Given the intrinsic properties, metal oxide nanoparticles (MeO) NPs are the cornerstone of a wide range of technologically advanced applications in areas such as electronics, pharmacy or medicine. However, there is still an important knowledge gap regarding how size influences their physicochemical properties and the risk to human health. Toxicity assessment of NMs is a daunting task involving multiple testing conditions. Computed based methods, in silico methods, based on theoretical and statistical domain, evaluate, determine and predict processes or even substance properties. Furthermore, the legislation urgency for risk assessment exits given that the data for the environmental risk assessment found in literature is uncertain and present knowledge gaps, though is not useful for the risk assessment for nanoparticles. The most popular in silico method based on quantum mechanics for chemistry is Density Functional Theory (DFT). In this thesis we performed a strict and deep study of best methods to evaluate the band gap and the solubility of MeO NP. The use of periodical-DFT methods has allowed us to optimise the ground state energy for surfaces, nanotubes and spherical nanoparticles. To get more reliability for band gap determination, the exchange-correlation functional has been improved to DFT+U. After that, to reach to large systems up to 3000 atoms in order to simulate more realistic biological systems, we used DFTB methodology for band gap prediction; we also coupled DFTB with Molecular Dynamics to compute NP solubility. The computational results obtained with the methodology developed in this thesis for the ZnO case have been promising and, in order to make more robust the method employed, it has been tested for TiO2 too, showing an excellent efficiency in the results. Finally, the data obtained from the prediction models of band gap and solubility models have been used to create nano-QSAR (Quantity-Structure-Activity-Relationship) models.
Sabo, Daniel E. "Novel synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles via the aminolytic method and the investigation of their magnetic properties." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50122.
Повний текст джерелаBeck, Michael Peter. "Thermal conductivity of metal oxide nanofluids." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26488.
Повний текст джерелаCommittee Chair: Teja, Amyn S.; Committee Member: Abdel-Khalik, Said I.; Committee Member: Meredith, Carson; Committee Member: Nair, Sankar; Committee Member: Skandan, Ganesh. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
Vargas, Reus Miguel A. "An investigation into the use of metal nanoparticles and their oxides as antimicrobial agents." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2011. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/693.
Повний текст джерелаEinakchi, Raha. "Metal Nanoparticles Over Active Ionic-Conductive Supports for the Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34462.
Повний текст джерелаWorsley, Myles. "Development of novel nanoengineered materials : chemical synthesis, properties and applications." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14019.
Повний текст джерелаAndio, Mark Anthony. "Sensor Array Devices Utilizing Nano-structured Metal-oxides for Hazardous Gas Detection." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343155831.
Повний текст джерелаPopa, Adriana. "Study of the Effect of Nanostructuring on the Magnetic and Electrocatalytic Properties of Metals and Metal Oxides." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1427735465.
Повний текст джерелаWeerathunga, Kaluarachchige Don H. "Metal nanoparticle and semiconductor heterogeneous catalysis for synthetic organic oxidation reactions." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/228677/1/Kaluarachchige%20Don_Weerathunga_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаCarew, Alexander Jon. "Fundamental studies into the catalytic properties of metal-oxide supported gold and copper nanoparticles." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367710.
Повний текст джерелаBinti, Wan Ramli Wan Khairunnisa. "Exsolved base metal catalyst systems with anchored nanoparticles for carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxides (NOx) oxidation." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3875.
Повний текст джерелаOdziomek, Mateusz Janusz. "Colloidal Synthesis and Controlled 2D/3D Assemblies of Oxide Nanoparticles." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN092/document.
Повний текст джерелаNanotechnology has become a key domain of technology in XXI century. The great development of the synthetic approaches toward nanoparticles (NPs) with desired composition, size and shape expose the potential of their use as building blocks for larger scale structures. It allows fabrication of functional materials and devices directly from colloids by bottom-up approach, thus involving possibility of material design over several length scales. The process is referred to NPs assembly or self-assembly and leads to materials with varying architectures as for instance 1D (rods), 2D (films) or 3D (superlattices or gels). However most of 3D assemblies are limited to the micrometric scale and are difficult to control. Practically the only route allowing preparation of macroscopic 3D structures from NPs is their gelation and preparation of aerogels. As an alternative, NPs can be embedded in some matrix creating bulk composite material, with homogenously distributed non-aggregated NPs.Therefore, this work is devoted to development of materials with different dimensionalities for various applications from metal oxides NPs (mainly Y3Al5O12:Ce and Li4Ti5O12). The first part describes the syntheses of YAG:Ce and LTO NPs by glycothermal approach. In the case of YAG:Ce, the reactions conditions were appropriately adjusted in order to obtain non-aggregated nanocrystals (NCs) of few nanometers. The colloidal solution containing such NCs with different concentration was used for fabrication of thin films with controllable thickness by spin-coating method. Contrary, the synthesis of LTO led to aggregated NPs with hierarchical structuration which was highly beneficial for Li-ion batteries. The large surface area and porosity ensured efficient exchange of Li ions between electrolyte and anode material. Furthermore, the YAG:Ce NCs were used for preparation of macroscopic monoliths with high porosity and transparency. For that reason, colloidal solution of NCs was gelled by the abrupt change of solvent dielectric constant. The gels were further supercritically dried yielding YAG:Ce NPs-based aerogels with high porosity and transparency. The same approach turned o be appropriate for other systems like GdF3 or hybrid aerogels of YAG:Ce and GdF3.Alternatively, YAG:Ce NPs were incorporated into silica aerogels forming robust macroscopic and highly transparent aerogels exhibiting properties of incorporated NPs. They served for novel type of sensors for low-energy ionizing radiation in liquids and gases. Their high porosity assured well-developed contact between radioactive emitter and the scintillator ensuring good harvesting of radioactive energy
Mutinda, Samuel I. "Hydrothermal Synthesis of Shape/Size-Controlled Cerium-Based Oxides." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1378917332.
Повний текст джерелаAl, Ammar Tarek Ahmed [Verfasser], Anja-Verena [Gutachter] Mudring, and Anjana [Gutachter] Devi. "Sonochemical synthesis and characterization of metal oxides nanoparticles in ionic liquids / Tarek Ahmed Al Ammar ; Gutachter: Anja-Verena Mudring, Anjana Devi." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1131354524/34.
Повний текст джерелаKukkola, J. (Jarmo). "Gas sensors based on nanostructured tungsten oxides." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2013. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526202082.
Повний текст джерелаTiivistelmä Väitöstyön tavoitteena on tutkia nanorakenteisten WO3 hiukkasten kilpailukykyä suhteessa perinteisiin suuremman kidekoon materiaaleihin resistiivisissä kaasusensorisovelluksissa. Työssä tutkittiin kolmella eri tekniikalla valmistettujen WO3 nanopartikkeleiden alkuperäisistä ja pintakäsitellyistä versioista muodostettujen ohutkalvojen sähköisiä ominaisuuksia erilaisten kaasukehien funktiona. Veden kapillaarivoimien aikaan saaman huokoisen anodisen volframioksidirakenteen romahduksen kautta saatujen WO3 nanopartikkeleiden osoitettiin toimivan havaintoväliaineena H2 ja NO kaasuille. Myös kaupallisia WO3 nanopartikkeleita tutkittiin. Partikkelien pinta päällystettiin metalli- ja metallioksidinanopartikkeleilla (Ag, PdOx and PtOx), jonka jälkeen niistä muodostettiin vakaita vesipohjaisia seoksia johtavien kuvioiden mustesuihkutulostukseen testisubstraateille. Pintakäsittelyn havaittiin vaikuttavan merkittävästi materiaalien kaasuvasteisiin erityisesti H2:n ja NO:n tapauksessa. Kolmannen tyyppinen väitöskirjassa tutkittu volframioksidimateriaali koostuu hydrotermisesti syntetisoiduista nanojohdoista, jotka ovat pintakäsitelty PdO tai PtOx nanopartikkeleilla. Nanojohdot sekoitettiin veteen ja pipetoitiin testisubstraateille kaasumittauksia varten. Tämän tyyppiset kaasusensorit olivat erityisen herkkiä H2 kaasulle jopa huoneenlämmössä. Väistökirjan tulosten mukaan nanorakenteiset volframioksidimateriaalit ovat erinomainen vaihtoehto perinteisille huokoisille paksukalvoille ja suhteellisen paksuille ohutkalvoille kaasusensorisovelluksissa. Niiden suuri herkkyys, alhainen toimintalämpötila ja matala sähkönkulutus voivat mahdollistaa kannettavien kaasusensorien valmistuksen, esimerkiksi mustesuihkuteknologilla, nopeaan testaukseen ja suuren mittakaavan tuotantoon alhaisin kustannuksin
Colombo, A. "PREPARATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MATERIALS FOR ELECTROCATALYTIC APPLICATIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150125.
Повний текст джерелаAdireddy, Shivaprasad Reddy. "High Yield Solvothermal Synthesis of Hexaniobate Based Nanocomposites via the Capture of Preformed Nanoparticles in Scrolled Nanosheets." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1726.
Повний текст джерелаANTONIASSI, RODOLFO M. "Preparação de nanopartículas de platina com diferentes morfologias nos materiais Pt/C e PtSnO2/C para aplicação como ânodo em células a combústível de etanol direto." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2017. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/28036.
Повний текст джерелаMade available in DSpace on 2017-11-22T16:42:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Neste trabalho foi estudado o efeito da adição de íons haletos (Cl-, Br- e I-) sobre a morfologia das nanopartículas de Pt na produção de catalisadores de Pt/C e PtSnO2/C. Foi desenvolvida uma metodologia de síntese simples capaz de produzir nanopartículas de Pt predominantemente cúbicas com orientação preferencial Pt(100), diretamente suportadas em carbono sem o uso de agentes estabilizantes. Brometo de potássio foi utilizado como agente direcionador de superfície para obtenção do material preferencialmente orientado. O controle de adição do precursor de Pt e de KBr foi crucial para obter nanocubos de Pt de 8 nm bem dispersos sobre o suporte. Na preparação dos catalisadores de PtSnO2/C, o processo de adição do SnCl2 também foi decisivo na obtenção das nanopartículas de Pt com tamanho e morfologia de interesse. Nanocubos de Pt coexistindo com SnO2 disperso foram exclusivamente obtidos ao adicionar o SnCl2 na etapa final da síntese, quando as nanopartículas cúbicas de Pt já estavam formadas. Enriquecidos de domínios Pt(100), os materiais em forma cúbica de Pt/C e PtSnO2/C se mostraram menos afetados pelo acúmulo dos intermediários indesejados provenientes da reação de eletro-oxidação de etanol e foram mais tolerantes ao envenenamento por monóxido de carbono. Resultados similares foram observados para a oxidação de CO e metanol, utilizados como apoio para compreensão da eletro-oxidação de etanol. O efeito morfológico destes materiais no desempenho elétrico em célula a combustível de etanol direto foi avaliado. Pt/C e PtSnO2/C contendo nanopartículas de Pt com orientação preferencial Pt(100) forneceram maiores valores de densidade de potência e de seletividade para CO2 comparados aos catalisadores de Pt/C e PtSnO2/C com nanopartículas de Pt sem orientação preferencial.
Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Queiroz, Adriana Coêlho. "Síntese e estudo da atividade eletrocatalítica de óxidos de metais de transição e de nanopartículas de prata e ouro para a reação de redução de oxigênio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-25102011-170304/.
Повний текст джерелаThe oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was studied on electrocatalysts composed by pure and mixed transition metal oxides of Mn, Co, and Ni, including spinel-like structures, and by Ag, Au, and Ag3M/C (M= Au, Pt, Pd e Cu) bimetallic nanoparticles, in alkaline electrolyte. The transition metal oxides were synthesized by thermal decomposition of their nitrates, and the silver and gold-based nanoparticles by chemical reduction using borohydride. The electrocatalysts were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction and X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy (in the case of the metal oxides). The manganese-based oxide materials showed high activity for the ORR, in which the in situ spectroscopic results evidenced the Mn(IV) to Mn(III) reduction, in the range of the ORR onset. In this case, the electrocatalytic activities were correlated to the transfer of electron from Mn(III) to O2. However, they presented strong deactivation after several potentiodynamic cycles, which was ascribed to the formation of the electrochemically inactive phase of Mn3O4, as indicated by the XRD results, after the electrochemical experiments. On the other hand, the MnCo2O4 spinel-like material showed high activity and stability for the ORR. Its high electocatalytic activity was attributed to the CoII/CoIII redox pair, taking place at higher potentials, in relation to that of the CoOx e MnOx pure phases, due to the Co and Mn interactions in the spinel lattice. Contrarily to the behavior observed for the manganese-based materials, the spinel oxide presented high stability, which was ascribed to the non alteration of its crystallographic structure in the range of potentials tha the ORR takes place. For the Au and Ag-based materials, the electrochemical experiments indicated higher electrocatalytic activities for Ag3Au/C. In this case, its higher activity as associated to two main aspects: (i) to a synergetic effect, in which the gold atoms act in the activation region, facilitating the hydrogen addition, and the neighboring Ag atoms promoting the O-O bond breaking, leading the ORR to the 4-electrons pathway; (ii) to the increased Ag-O bond strength, due to the electronic interaction between Ag and the Au atoms, resulting in a faster O-O bond breaking, enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of the Ag atoms in the Ag3Au/C nanoparticle, in relation to that on the pure Ag. Therefore, the ORR presented lower overpotential and higher number of electrons in the Ag3Au/C electrocatalyst, when compared to the other investigated bimetallic nanoparticles.
Barton, Lauren Elizabeth. "Fate and Transformation of Metal-(Oxide) Nanoparticles in Wastewater Treatment." Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8661.
Повний текст джерелаThe study and application of materials possessing size dimensions in the nano scale range and, as a result, unique properties have led to the birth of a new field; nanotechnology. Scientists and engineers have discovered and are exploiting the novel physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance consumer products and technologies in ways superior to their bulk counterparts. Escalating production and use of NPs will unavoidably lead to release and exposure to environmental systems. This introduction of emerging potential contaminant NPs will provide new and interesting challenges for exposure and risk forecasting as well as environmental endurance.
The ultimate goal of this research is to develop a framework that incorporates experimental and computational efforts to assess and better understand the exposure of metal and metal-oxide NPs released to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and further implications on land application units (LAUs) where biosolids can be applied. The foundation of the computational effort is comprised of Monte Carlo mass balance models that account for the unique processes affecting NP fate and transport through the different technical compartments of a WWTP and LAU. Functional assay and bioreactor experiments in environmental media were used to determine parameters capable of describing the critical processes that impact the fate of NPs in wastewater.
The results of this research indicate that a simplified, but still environmentally relevant nano-specific exposure assessment is possible through experimentation to parameterize adapted models. Black box modeling efforts, which have been shown in previous studies, show no disadvantage relative to discretization of technical compartments as long as all key transport and fate mechanisms are considered. The distribution coefficient (_), an experimentally determined, time-dependent parameter, can be used to predict the distribution of NPs between the liquid and solid phase in WWTPs. In addition, this parameter can be utilized a step further for the estimation of the more fundamental, time independent attachment efficiency between the NPs and the solids in wastewater. The NP core, size, and surface coating will influence the value of these parameters in addition to the background particle characteristics as the parameters are specific to the environmental system of study. For the metal and metal-oxide NPs studied, preferential overall association of approximately 90% or greater with the solid phase of wastewater was observed and predicted.
Furthermore, NP transformations including dissolution, redox reactions, and adsorption can potentially impact exposure. For example, experimental results showed that nano-CeO2 is reduced from Ce(IV) to Ce(III) when in contact with wastewater bacteria where Ce2S3 will likely govern the Ce(III) phase in biosolids. From the literature, similar transformations have been observed with Ag and ZnO NPs to Ag2S and ZnS. With respect to TiO2 NPs, studies indicated that due to high insolubility, these NPs would not undergo transformation in WWTPs. The distribution and transformation rate coefficients can then be used in fate models to predict the NP species exposed to aquatic and terrestrial systems and environmentally relevant concentrations released from WWTPs.
Upon completion of the WWTP model, the predicted concentrations of NPs and NP transformation byproducts released in effluent and biosolids were attainable. A simple mass balance model for NP fate in LAUs was then developed to use this output. Results indicate that NP loading on LAUs would be very low but that build up over time to steady state could result in mass concentrations on the order of the typical level for the background metal in soil. Transport processes of plant uptake and leaching were expected to greatly impact the solid phase concentration of the NPs remaining in the LAU, while rainfall did not impart a significant influence upon variation between low and high annual amounts. The significance of this research is the introduction of a method for NP exposure assessment in WWTPs and subsequently in LAUs. This work describes and quantifies the key processes that will impact Ag, TiO2, CeO2 and ZnO NP fate and transport, which can inform future studies, the modeling community and regulatory agencies.
Dissertation
Mohammad, Hasan Abid Urf Turabe Ali. "Ammonia gas adsorption on metal oxide nanoparticles." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13094.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
Steven J. Eckels
NanoActiveTM metal oxide particles have the ability to destructively adsorb organophosphorus compounds and chlorocarbons. These nanomaterials with unique surface morphologies are subjected to separate, low concentrations of gaseous ammonia in air. NanoActiveTM materials based on magnesium oxide have large specific surface areas and defective sites that enhance surface reactivity and consequently improved adsorptivity. In gas contaminant removal by adsorption, presence of vast specific surface area is essential for effective gas-solid interaction to take place. This is also the case in many industrial and chemical applications such as purification of gases, separation and recovery of gases, catalysis etc,. Typically carbonaceous compounds are utilized and engineered in toxic gas control systems. The purpose of this study was to compare NanoActiveTM materials with carbon based compounds in the effectivity of toxic gas adsorption at low concentrations. A test facility was designed to investigate the adsorption properties of novel materials such as adorption capacity and adsorption rate. Adsorption capacity along with adsorption kinetics is a function of properties of the adsorbent and the adsorbate as well as experimental conditions. Nanomaterials were placed on a silica matrix and tested with increasing flow rates. Electrochemical sensing devices were placed at inlet and outlet of the facility to monitor real time continuous concentration profiles. Breakthrough curves were obtained from the packed bed column experiments and saturation limits of adsorbents were measured. Adsorption rates were obtained from the breakthrough curves using modified Wheeler-Jonas equation. The NanoActiveTM materials adsorbed ammonia though to a lesser extent than the Norit® compounds. This study also included measurement of pressure drop in packed beds. This information is useful in estimating energy losses in packed bed reactors. Brauner Emmet Teller tests were carried out for the calculation of surface area, pore volume and pore size of materials. These calculations suggest surface area alone had no notable influence on adsorption capacity and adsorption rates. This lead to the conclusion that adsorption was insignificant cause of absence of functional groups with affinity towards ammonia. In brief, adsorption of ammonia is possible on NanoActiveTM materials. However functional groups such as oxy-flouro compounds should be doped with novel materials to enhance the surface interactions.
Santos, Neto Manoel Domingos dos. "Avaliação da atividade antitumoral e capacidade de reversão do fenótipo MDR de nanopartículas de óxido de zinco funcionalizadas com L-glutamina." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2015.
Знайти повний текст джерелаNanoparticulas derivadas de oxidos metalicos, em suas formas livres ou associadas a moleculas organicas ou drogas antineoplasicas, tem sido empregadas no diagnostico e tratamento do cancer. Neste cenario, destaca-se o uso de oxidos nanoestruturados derivados de zinco. Recentes estudos demonstraram a capacidade de nanoparticulas de ZnO, individualmente ou em associacao a agentes quimioterapicos, de sensibilizacao de celulas tumorais resistentes a multiplas drogas (fenotipo MDR), que possuem em sua membrana proteinas de efluxo que impedem o acumulo destas drogas no interior das celulas. A falta de seletividade e dificuldade de internalizacao pelas celulas de alguns compostos utilizados no tratamento de cancer, sao considerados os maiores empecilhos para o tratamento quimioterapico, tornando a modificacao da superficie de materiais nanoestruturados com atividade antitumoral, atraves da funcionalizacao, forma de aumentar a incorporacao e consequente atividade citotoxica destes compostos em celulas tumorais. Neste trabalho, as nanoparticulas foram funcionalizadas com L-glutamina, devido a grande importancia deste aminoacido no metabolismo de celulas cancerigenas e ao fato destas apresentarem maior captacao desse aminoacido que celulas nao tumorais. A citotoxicidade de nanoparticulas funcionalizadas com L-glutamina ou nao funcionalizadas foi avaliada em celulas de leucemia mieloide cronica K562 e sua versao com fenotipo MDR Lucena-1. A atividade citotoxica de ZnO foi comprovada pelos ensaios de exclusao de Trypan Blue e reducao de MTT, com IC50 de 20 evalencia de dupla marcacao nas celulas K562 tratadas com as nanoparticulas ZnO e ZnO_Gln, enquanto que para Lucena-1 observou-se porcentagens semelhantes de celulas duplamente marcadas e marcadas apenas com Anexina V. Para avaliar se ha influencia de especies reativas de oxigenio (EROs), geradas peLucena-1. Atraves das analises das possiveis vias de morte celular via analise de Western Blotting, estudando principalmente as proteinas e os eventos envolvidos no processo de morte celular programada (Bcl2, Bad, Bid, Caspase-3 e PARP) e autofagia (Beclin-1 e P62), observou-se que mais de uma via de morte foi ativada nas celulas tratadas com as nanoparticulas, o que corrobora com o descrito em literatura, considerando autofagia e apoptose sao as principais vias de morte ativadas pela acao citotoxica das nanoparticulas de ZnO. Outro evento observado foi a alteracao da atividade da proteina PgPieloide cronica K562 e a linhagem com fenotipo MDR Lucena-1 e a utilizacao deste aminoacido na funcionalizacao de nanomateriais pode ser uma importante ferramenta a ser explorada.
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biossistemas, 2015.
Nanoparticles derived from metal oxides, in their free forms or associated with organic molecules or antineoplastic drugs, have been employed in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In this scenario, we highlight the use of zinc-based nanostructured oxides. Recent studies demonstrated the ability of ZnO nanoparticles, alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, sensitization of tumor cells multidrug resistant (MDR phenotype), which have on their membrane efflux proteins that prevent the accumulation of these drugs within cells. The lack of selectivity, and difficulty internalization by cells of some compounds used in the treatment of cancer, are considered the major obstacles to chemotherapy, making the nanostructured surface modification of materials having anti-tumor activity through the functionalization way to increase the cytotoxic activity and subsequent incorporation of these compounds in tumor cells. In this work, the nanoparticles were functionalized with L-glutamine, due to the great importance of this amino acid in cancer cell metabolism and the fact that these have higher uptake of this amino acid to non-tumor cells. The cytotoxicity of nanoparticles functionalized with L-glutamine functionalized or not was evaluated in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells K562 and its version with MDR phenotype-Lucena 1. The cytotoxic activity of ZnO was confirmed by Trypan Blue exclusion and MTT reduction assays, with IC50 of 20 d K562 with ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO_Gln, while for Lucena-1 was observed similar percentages of doubly labeled cells and marked only with Annexin V. To assess whether there is influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by nanoparticles of ZnO and ZnO_Gln in their cytotoxic activity in ceC promoted protection against the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles even in higher concentrations of nanoparticles (30 ug / ml) in both the lines cell. In the potentiation of cell death caused by ZnO nanoparticles in cell lines studied, functionalization with L-glutamine promoted greater incorporation o562 cells treated with pure functionalized nanoparticles and in relation to the control compared to cells of Lucena-1 strain. Through analysis of the possible ways of cell death via Western blot analysis, the proteins and particularly studying the events involved in programmed cell death (Bcl2, Bad, Bid, caspase-3 and PARP) and autophagy (beclin-1 and P62), there was more than one death pathway was activated in cells treated with nanoparticles, which corroborates with what is described in literature, considering autophagy and apoptosis are the main routes of death activated cytotoxic action ofytotoxic effect of ZnO in the chronic myelogenous leukemia line K562 and the line Lucena MDR-1 phenotype and use this amino acid in the functionalization of nanomaterials can be an important tool to be exploited.
Aksomaityte, Gabriele. "Synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in supercritical fluids." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.523001.
Повний текст джерелаTejpal, Jyoti. "The use of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles against biofilms." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/13114.
Повний текст джерелаGu, Yanjuan, and 谷艳娟. "Nanostructure of transition metal and metal oxide forelectrocatalysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37774396.
Повний текст джерелаBonasera, Aurelio. "Design and Synthesis of Perylene-Based Supramolecular Hybrids for Novel Technological Applications." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/11109.
Повний текст джерелаNegli ultimi 50 anni, l’uomo ha attribuito un valore crescente alla ricerca scientifica in quanto strumento di innovazione e di evoluzione tecnologica. La Scienza è diventata uno strumento in grado di migliorare la qualità di vita dell’uomo portando svariate migliorie, ma anche di cambiare radicalmente il suo stile di vita a seguito di scoperte e di strumenti sconosciuti prima di allora. Il progresso tecnologico, la crescita della popolazione mondiale e delle sue esigenze ha causato degli squilibri nel nostro pianeta, dovuti soprattutto and una non omogenea distribuzione delle risorse, in primis quelle energetiche. Dunque, il ruolo della ricerca scientifica contemporanea ha assunto un’ulteriore valenza, quello di appianare gli squilibri sociali ed economici del pianeta. La ricerca di nuove risorse energetiche, o di vettori nei quali conservare l’energia, è uno dei campi scientifici più fertili; in accordo con le ultime tendenze, massima importanza è riposta nelle tecnologie in grado di convertire l’energia solare e renderla disponibile sotto altre forme più pratiche (procedure di storage più semplici) o più facilmente manipolabili. La scelta di sfruttare l’energia solare si basa su alcuni presupposti logici: (i) abbondanza, (ii) distribuzione pressoché uniforme dell’energia solare sulla superficie del pianeta, (iii) esempi disponibili nel mondo naturale che possono essere studiati, compresi, migliorati. La fotosintesi clorofilliana è sicuramente il processo naturale maggiormente conosciuto; perpetrato da una fetta consistente di forme di vita (in particolare del mondo vegetale), permette a queste di sfruttare l’energia contenuta nella radiazione solare e trasformare acqua ed anidride carbonica in carboidrati (la loro riserva di energia) ed ossigeno. Ispirandosi a questo modello, la scienza dei materiali è alla continua ricerca di substrati in grado di trasformare la luce solare in altri vettori energetici a partire da sostanze semplici ed ampliamente disponibili. La scissione dell’acqua in idrogeno ed ossigeno molecolari è uno di questi possibili traguardi; l’acqua è estremamente abbondante sul nostro pianeta (ricoprendone ben il 69% della sua superficie), l’idrogeno è un combustibile che promette di sostituire i derivati del petrolio nel prossimo futuro, e l’ossigeno è di estremo interesse in quanto fonte stessa della vita sul nostro pianeta, almeno nella forma da noi conosciuta. Il progetto di ricerca descritto in questa tesi pone le basi su queste premesse. L’obiettivo prefissato è stato quello di progettare, realizzare, caratterizzare e testare materiali in grado di attuare processi fotosintetici. Durante la fase di progettazione, si è stati costretti a ragionare su quale potesse essere la classe di materiali appropriata a tale scopo, e ci si è orientati verso nano-ibridi organici/inorganici per una serie di motivi: (i) le (nano)-dimensioni avrebbero permesso di lavorare con precursori molecolari e pilotare con maggiore facilità la fase sintetica; (ii) questa classe di materiali possiede generalmente elevate aree superficiali; (iii) l’uso di materiali organici ed inorganici avrebbe permesso di scegliere building blocks che potessero offrire ciascuno le caratteristiche migliori della loro classe di appartenenza. Il lavoro di tesi si è dunque articolato in due sezioni fondamentali: • determinazione di una classe appropriata di cromofori capaci di catturare efficientemente la luce solare ed attivare una specie catalitica ad essi accoppiati. Relativamente a questo punto, scopo non secondario è stato quello di sviluppare nuovi cromofori rispetto a quelli attualmente riportati nella letteratura scientifica e/o sviluppare nuovi protocolli di sintesi capaci di migliorare rese ed efficienza dei processi attualmente noti • scelta di una appropriata specie catalitica e sviluppo dei materiali ibridi contenenti il/i fotosensibilizzanti e il/i catalizzatori; una volta isolata la potenziale diade, si sarebbe proceduto con la fase di monitoraggio dell’attività fotocatalitica del nuovo materiale. Nello sviluppo di questo progetto, i derivati peilenici sono stati scelti quali potenziali fotosensibilizzanti in virtù di una interessante combinazione di caratteristiche elettroniche e chimico-fisiche (approfonditi nel Capitolo 2), ed in particolare ci si è concentrati su composti solubili in acqua. Quest’ultimo dettaglio non è da sottovalutare in quanto, nell’ottica di effettuare i test finali di scissione ossidativa dell’acqua, l’uso di composti idrofilici avrebbe permesso di utilizzare al contempo l’acqua quale reagente e mezzo di reazione. Prima giungere a questa fase, la chimica dei perileni è stata scandagliata a fondo, e vari derivati sono stati isolati e caratterizzati utilizzando protocolli di sintesi sia classici che innovativi (Capitolo 4). La parte centrale del lavoro di tesi ha riguardato lo studio delle diadi costituite da uno dei perileni isolati (PBI2+) e due diversi catalizzatori: (i) Ru4POM, catalizzatore molecolare a base di rutenio, testato per esperimenti sia in fase omogenea che per la realizzazione di un ibrido tri-componente per futuri studi di elettrocatalisi (Capitoli 5-6); (ii) nanoparticelle di ossido di iridio per la preparazione di fotoanodi da applicare in celle fotoelettrochimiche (Capitolo 7). La confidenza acquisita coi derivati perilenici ha permesso di sviluppare anche progetti paralleli che non riguardassero applicazioni in ambito energetico; un dettagliato studio di perileni bisimmidi quali SERS markers è trattato nella parte finale di questa tesi (Capitolo 8).
In the last half-century, scientific evolution allowed humanity to reach important goals; probably the highest impact factor is related to bio-medical conquests, but the acquired knowledge in physics, chemistry and in material science for sure produced several devices which radically changed humanity life-style. Among all, electronics and electronic devices are deeply present in humanity ordinary life and in its new habits. However, an increased interest in scientific research recently rose due to some global problems and challenges that humanity has to face. The high energy demand characterizes Modern Age, and the rapid economic evolution of some areas of the World have caused (and continue to cause) social instability and tension at global level. For this reason, scientific research is focusing more and more on the development of solar devices able to store or eventually manipulate solar energy in other energetic vectors. Interest around solar energy is related to three considerations: basically, it is (i) abundant all over Earth’s surface, (ii) it is uniformly distributed, and (iii) Nature already offers some examples from which it is possible to take inspirations. Natural Photosynthesis is a process (or better a sequence of processes) which has been deeply understood after decades of basic research; this is also the most well-known example of solar light conversion operated from living beings (mainly vegetables) into a new energetic vector (carbohydrates) starting from simple and abundant raw materials (water and carbon dioxide). Material Science is particularly involved in the design of novel materials able to emulate natural photosynthesis and/or perform similar processes; water splitting has a prominent role because its decomposition in molecular hydrogen and oxygen offers the possibility to produce two precious chemical species. Hydrogen is currently the most credited candidate for the substitution of petrol and its derivatives as energetic vectors, while oxygen has basilar importance for life in our planet; moreover, water is extremely abundant on the Earth’s surface (almost 69% of the surface is covered from water), thus it is an easy-accessible raw material. The present thesis work roots in the points discussed in this preface; the primary target is the design, realization, characterization and test of novel materials able to act as artificial photosynthetic units. During the design of the materials, it was chosen to privilege the realization of organic/inorganic nanohybrids in order to have materials possessing huge surface area; moreover, the design of hybrid materials would imply the use of molecular building blocks, which could be easily realized with well-established chemical procedures. Preliminary work was necessary for: • the determination of an appropriate class of chromophores able to trap solar light and induce the activation of another unit able to perform the catalytic process. Starting from chromophore molecules already known in the literature, new molecules would be designed and synthesized in order to possess the necessary characteristics emerging from the hybrids design process • the choice of an appropriate catalytic unit, so to be combined with the chromophore units and realize the final dyad to be used in the catalytic tests. During the development of the thesis, perylene derivatives were chosen as potential photosensitizers, on the base of an interesting combination of physical and photochemical features (deeply discussed in Chapter 2). Particular attention was given to water-soluble molecules because, if the final target would be water splitting process, it would be worthy to have the possibility to use water both as reagent and reaction medium. Perylene chemistry was deeply scanned, and several derivatives were isolated in order to gain experience on this family of photosensitizers; classical reported procedures were employed, but also novel strategies were tested (Chapter 4). The main part of the laboratory work concerned the characterization of novel dyads based on the combination of PBI2+, one of the isolated chromophores, and two different catalytic species: (i) Ru4POM, tetra-ruthenate molecular polyoxometalate for performing water splitting in homogeneous conditions and later for the formation of a three-component hybrid system for electrocatalytic studies (Chapters 5-6); (ii) iridium oxide nanoparticles for the preparation of photoelectrochemical cells (Chapter 7). The expertise gained with perylene derivatives allowed to develop other parallel projects not directly related to energetic applications; a detailed study over perylene diimides as SERS reporters is described in the final part of this thesis (Chapter 8).
XXVII Ciclo
1987
Gu, Yanjuan. "Nanostructure of transition metal and metal oxide for electrocatalysis." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37774396.
Повний текст джерела杨纯臻 and Chunzhen Yang. "Metal/metal oxide nanoparticles supported on nanostructured carbons for electrochemical applications." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193414.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Chemistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Mundell, V. J. "Synthesis and functionalisation of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles for theranostics." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2013. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/315/.
Повний текст джерелаZapiter, Joan Marie Diangson. "Transition Metal Complexes Anchored on Europium Oxide Nanoparticles." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/24786.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Watson, Venroy George. "Decoration of Graphene Oxide with Silver Nanoparticles and Controlling the Silver Nanoparticle Loading on Graphene Oxide." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1396879714.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Ming. "Nonaqueous Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Surface Coating." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2008. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/861.
Повний текст джерелаD'Souza, Lawrence [Verfasser]. "Synthesis, characterization and applications of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles / Lawrence D'Souza." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1034768174/34.
Повний текст джерелаMcShane, Heather. "Metal oxide nanoparticle chemistry and toxicity in soils." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117105.
Повний текст джерелаLes nanoparticules des oxydes de métaux (MONP) sont davantage incorporés dans les produits domestiques et industriels. Une importante proportion de ces nanoparticules est susceptible de se retrouver dans les usines de traitement d'eaux usées et d'être épandue sur les terres agricoles sous forme de biosolides. Dû au fait que peu de recherches sur la nanotoxicité ont été faites dans les sols, le risque que pose ces MONP aux organismes du sols est peu connu. Le but de cette étude est donc d'observer la réaction et les effets de deux MONP de solubilité différente dans des sols agricoles et artificiels. L'exposition des vers de terre dans des sols amendés avec jusqu'à 10,000 mg par kg de sol de nano-TiO2, un nanomatériel pratiquement insoluble, n'a causé aucun effet sur leur survie ou leur reproduction. Les vers de terre n'ont évité les sols modifiés de nano-TiO2, qu'à des concentrations de nanoparticules beaucoup plus élevées que celles attendues dans les sols agricoles. Les mécanismes impliqués dans la réponse d'évitement et les transformations de nanoTiO2 dans les sols n'ont pu être étudiés plus à fond par manque de techniques développées pour suivre les nanoparticules dans les médias complexes. Dans les recherches subséquentes, un nanomatériel de très faible solubilité, le nano-CuO, qui relâche des ions Cu2+ au fur et à mesure qu'il se dissout, a été choisi comme matériel d'intérêt. Afin d'identifier les effets spécifiques des nanoparticules sur des organismes, les effets du Cu2+ doivent être déterminés. Cependant, peu est connu sur l'activité du Cu2+ dans les sols traités avec des nano-CuO. Les recherches ont démontré que l'activité de Cu2+ a augmenté durant une période de 56 jours pour les sols amendés de nanoparticules de CuO mais cette augmentation ne s'est pas produite, à des concentrations égales, pour des sols enrichis de CuO de diamètre micrométrique ou même de sels de Cu(NO3)2 ; ces deux derniers traitements sont souvent utilisés comme tests contrôles lors d'études de nanotoxicité. Ces résultats ont des implications pour la conception des expériences pour évaluer les effets sur la dissolution des particules. Une étude ultérieure sur la croissance d'orge a démontré qu'il n'y avait aucune différence significative dans la croissance des plantes ou des concentrations de Cu dans les feuilles entre les sols modifiés avec du nano-CuO, CuO de taille micrométrique ou le Cu(NO3)2 une fois que les données furent normalisées en activité de Cu2+. Ces résultats ont démontré que la dissolution d'ions de métaux peut jouer un rôle important sur la toxicité des nanoparticules. Ils soulignent aussi l'importance de mesurer directement la concentration de produits de la dissolution de nanoparticules. Il n'y avait aucune évidence de toxicité spécifique aux nanoparticules sous les conditions étudiées pour les vers de terre soumis au nano-TiO2 ou pour l'orge soumis au nano-CuO. Cette étude a révélé certaines lacunes de compréhension dans le comportement du nanomatériel ajouté aux sols, des difficultés de tenir compte des changements temporels des nanoparticules et des sols ainsi que le manque de techniques disponibles pour suivre les nanoparticules dans les médias complexes.
McKenzie, Katy J. "Electrochemical characterisation of metal oxide nanoparticles, nanofilms and membranes." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417015.
Повний текст джерелаDavies, Karen E. "Biofortification of potato (Solanum tuberosum) using metal oxide nanoparticles." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2018. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/35494/.
Повний текст джерелаStoimenov, Peter Kirchev. "Synthesis, biocidal, and antitoxin properties of metal oxide nanoparticles /." Search for this dissertation online, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.
Повний текст джерелаKomulainen, M. (Miika). "Microstructure characterization of pulsed laser deposited metal oxide nanoparticles." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201602111172.
Повний текст джерелаMazza, T. "Synchrotron light characterization of free metal and oxide nanoparticles." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/62645.
Повний текст джерелаDaschner, de Tercero Maren [Verfasser]. "Near-critical and supercritical hydrothermal flow synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles and hybrid metal oxide nanoparticles presenting clickable anchors / Maren Daschner de Tercero." Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing, 2014. http://www.ksp.kit.edu.
Повний текст джерелаPérez, Mirabet Leonardo. "Synthesis, characterization and functionalization of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. TEM Microscopy study." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129498.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis is focused on developing new synthetic routes to obtain and functionalize the following kinds of nanostructures: - Water-dispersible gold and silver nanoparticles functionalized with 3-mercaptopropionic acid and coordinated to rhenium carbonyl species. - Magnetite and MFe2O4 (M= Co, Mn, Cu, Zn) ferrite nanoparticles capped with oleylamine, which makes them dispersible in organic solvents such as hexane, toluene and dichlorometane. - Water-dispersible goethite (and maghemite) nanorods capped with ethylenediamine, synthesized in an autoclave reactor. - Water-dispersible Fe3O4@Au core-shell nanostructures, synthesized via some different methods. Apart from synthesizing those kinds of nanoparticles, this thesis is also focused on carrying out a complete characterization of the obtained structures. To this purpose, both microscopic and no microscopic characterization techniques have been used. The characterization process, specially the part based on using Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEM), has taken place not only at the “Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona” (UAB) but also at the “Center for Electron Nanoscopy” (CEN) during a four months stay in Denmark.