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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Métabolomique non-ciblée"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Métabolomique non-ciblée"
González-Ruiz, V., J. Pezzatti, F. Jeanneret, D. Tonoli, J. Sandström, F. Monnet-Tschudi, J. Boccard, and S. Rudaz. "Analyse métabolomique non ciblée de la neuroinflammation induite dans des cultures 3D humaines assistée par la chimiométrie." Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 30, no. 2 (June 2018): S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2018.04.030.
Повний текст джерелаBrassard, D., F. Brière, N. Boucher, P. L. Plante, J. Corbeil, S. Lemieux, and B. Lamarche. "Prédiction de l’observance à court terme d’une diète méditerranéenne grâce à une approche métabolomique non ciblée et des études d’alimentation contrôlées." Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme 34, no. 1 (April 2020): 89–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nupar.2020.02.431.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Métabolomique non-ciblée"
Saint-Lary, Laure. "Évaluation de l’approche métabolomique pour l’authentification des extraits naturels utilisés dans le secteur arômes et parfums." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4025/document.
Повний текст джерелаSome natural extracts are very scarce and expensive. The temptation is therefore very high for producers or brokers to resort to adulterations. Mixing of extracts from related botanical origins, from different geographical origins, addition of synthetic compounds with natural occurrence in the extract, or addition of another vegetal extract, use of phytosanitary products, non-standardized extraction processes, are some examples. The quality differences are more and more difficult to detect. The objective of this PhD study was to develop a fast, efficient and non-targeted methodology. Metabolomics approach in UHPLC-HRMS was developped to identify defects or fraudulent practices in absolutes used in flavour and fragrances. These identifications are realized by the detection of chemical markers. Absolutes are a great challenge: between 50 and 95 % of the extracts consist of non-volatile compounds; moreover these products are seldom described in literature. The quest for validation for authenticity is then much more complex than in cases of volatile extracts such as essential oils, whose composition can be more easily determined by robust analytical instruments and numerous databases. Two symbolic plants used in perfumery were studied: viola (Viola odorata) and rose (Rosa damascena and Rosa centifolia). Markers of French origin were identified for viola, and markers of R. centifolia were identified for rose. Their characterizations were nevertheless the fundamental limit for this technique being at trace level in the extract. This work demonstrated the performance and limitation of the non-targeted metabolomics approach on absolutes, which are specialties of perfumery
Dumas, Thibaut. "Les approches –omiques, métabolomique et protéomique, pour l’étude de la relation de cause à effet entre contaminants émergents, produits pharmaceutiques et organismes marins, Mytilus galloprovincialis." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTG026.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis takes place in a context of the contamination of marine environment by emerging contaminants, such as pharmaceutical active compounds (PhAC), and their effects on marine organisms. The study of causal relationships between exposure to one or more contaminants and the response of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, was the central focus of the research presented in this thesis. In order to provide information on the mechanisms of action and potential toxic effects of PhAC, data lacking in the literature, -omic approaches such as metabolomics and proteomics were applied. The effects of the antiepileptic carbamazepine (CBZ), a PhAC frequently detected in the marine environment, were first investigated on M. galloprovincialis through an integrated approach of metabolomics and proteogenomics. The data fusion strategy applied revealed correlated protein and metabolic signatures in response to exposure. The use of bioinformatics tools that put proteins and metabolites into their biological context thus highlighted changes in protein synthesis, fatty acid degradation, amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism, and cell death programming. Although the study of the effects of a single contaminant is essential to obtain mechanistic information, it is far removed from the relevance of environmental exposure, since organisms are exposed simultaneously to a multitude of contaminants. In order to integrate this complexity, mussels M. galloprovincialis were exposed to a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent, the main pathway of PhAC into the marine environment. Analysis of the metabolic fingerprints generated was first performed on male mussels to rule out gender-related biological variability (which could hide the response to exposure). Several metabolic pathways were thus revealed to be impacted (e.g. amino acids, purines and pyrimidines, Krebs cycle, neurohormones, etc.) which can disrupt several biological functions and processes (e.g. energy metabolism, immune system, osmorregulation, reproduction, byssal formation, etc.) and have adverse consequences on the organism. Based on the literature, hypotheses of causal relationships have been established between certain contaminants detected in the WWTP effluent (38 PPs and 4 pesticides) and the effects observed. Based on the same experiment, the gender factor was then integrated into the processing of data acquired from male/female and exposed/unexposed individuals in order to understand the role of gender in the response to exposure. To this end, the statistical approach of Analysis of Variance Multiblock Orthogonal Partial Least Square proved to be relevant for this kind of multifactorial experimental design. This approach was thus able to characterize and relate the variability of metabolomics data to its different factors of origin. A common response between the two genders, related to the exposure factor, was demonstrated through the modulation of several lysophospholipids induced by oxidative stress. While a gender-specific response, related to the interaction between gender and exposure factors, has been described following a modulation of certain polar lipids according to gender and a disruption of the kynurenin pathway only in males. This thesis work was able to strengthen knowledge on the effects of a PhAC of concern for the environment, CBZ, excluded from any regulatory framework, as well as on the effects of an exposure close to the environmental conditions reconstituted through a WWTP effluent. Original approaches to effects investigation and data analysis have been pertinently applied
Espinoza, Christian. "Approche métabolomique non-ciblée pour révéler les réponses métaboliques des prunus à l'infection par le PPV, conduisant au développement d'un outil de détection innovant pour la détection précoce de la maladie de la sharka et la sauvegarde des vergers en Occitanie." Thesis, Perpignan, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PERP0018.
Повний текст джерелаSharka disease, caused by Plum pox virus (PPV), is responsible for significant economic losses in Prunus. However, no preventive or curative treatments are currently available and only a few sources of natural resistance have been found. In France, a prophylactic approach has been adopted in an attempt to limit the spread of the PPV, which is essentially based on the rapid detection and removal of infected trees. However, certain technical and economic limitations do not allow the early andeffective detection of PPV on a large scale by conventional methods. The department of Pyrénées Orientales (France) is the most affected by this disease (85% of infections). These issues motivated the creation of the Antishark project, which is the result of a collaboration between AkiNaO, the University of Perpignan Via Domitia, FDGDON66 and local producers. The objective of the project was to develop an innovative method of early detection, targeting the metabolic responses of Prunuspersica at an early stage of the infection. Consequently, two studies under monitored conditions using an untargeted metabolomics approach (UHPLC-HRMS) were carried out. This approach is a promising tool to reveal the metabolic interactions between PPV and its host. In a first study, the global metabolic response to PPV-infection (Dideron and Marcus strains), including symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves, allowed the discrimination of metabolic profiles from PPV-infected and healthy leaves. Although there was a common response between the two strains, metabolic differences were also revealed, notably highlighting strain-specific metabolic alterations. In fact, this novel result could eventually lead to the possibility of identifying the viral strain(s) responsible for the infection. Furthermore, it was possible to discriminate PPV-infected plants (symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves) from healthy plants and from plants infected by another plant pathogenic virus. These observations suggest the existence of a potential specific response to the sharka disease. Based on all these findings, the hypothesis that asymptomatic PPVinfected trees could be detected through virus-induced metabolic alterations is supported.Furthermore, the metabolic responses collected from asymptomatic leaves could be considered as early responses to PPV-infection, i.e., before the appearance of symptoms. In a second step, early metabolic alterations, before the appearance of sharka symptoms, were confirmed by a kinetic study, despite negative molecular tests (RT-qPCR). Our results indicate that early detection of PPVinfected plants by targeting metabolic responses in Prunus persica was a promising strategy. Finally,statistical correlations between the two studies were found. Although the cultivars showed significantly different metabolic profiles, some discriminant features were common between the different cultivars tested (GF-305, yellow nectarine, yellow peach) and also between the different stages of the virus infection (symptomatic and asymptomatic). Nevertheless, a co-infection of PPV and powdery mildew observed during the kinetic experiment under monitored conditions could alter the impact of PPV-infection. Consequently, a new kinetic study without co-infection, is ongoing to confirm or refute these first observations. In addition, the identification of biomarkers related to the sharka disease, also in progress, would provide a betterunderstanding of the metabolic interactions between peach and PPV. Finally, other experiments under natural conditions are underway to evaluate the robustness of our potential biomarkers