Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Memoria sociale"

L’idea di progetto assume e sviluppa due temi principali: da una parte la strada urbana porticata che attraversa l’area, dall’altra le corti, definite per carattere e dimensioni, dagli edifici che vi si affacciano. Il tema della strada evoca uno dei tratti caratteristici di Padova ossia la compresenza di spazi più stretti e intimi che si aprono in grandi spazi aperti. Allo stesso modo, all’interno del progetto vengono introdotti vicoli, portici, corti e spazi più ampi. Tra questi emerge il tema degli spazi verdi, a partire dal tentativo di dare una nuova identità al parco urbano che si attesta sulla cinta muraria e che entra a far parte del sistema dei Parchi delle Mura della città di Padova. Dalle mura il verde permea il progetto attraverso le corti fi no ai parchi esistenti di San Benedetto Novello e dei Cavalleggeri e si alterna a piazze e strade pavimentate. Sulla strada urbana all’ingresso da Corso Milano, si innesta un basamento che riprende le proporzioni del monastero di San Benedetto Vecchio e definisce il primo di una sequenza di spazi collettivi che proseguono fi no al monastero di San Benedetto Novello. Nel basamento si incastrano due torri simmetriche rispetto all’asse centrale che trovano un confronto diretto con le dimensioni architettoniche del resto della città. Analogamente, sul parco di San Benedetto Novello, si costruisce una facciata aperta verso il parco e verso la corte interna che usa il muro storico settecentesco come basamento e da cui emergono dei volumi più alti. Il muro antico diventa parte integrante del progetto e riporta alla memoria collettiva la vocazione del chiostro del convento adiacente.

In the last years, public participation in debates on environmental issues is required by local, national and international political institutions. Moreover, according to recent Italian and European researches, citizens consider environmental threats as one of the most relevant problems and thinks that they are a responsibility of every person. This psychosocial research aims to interpret citizens’ disengagement from decision-making processes organized by Administrations in an attempt to mend the rift between economic development and environmental sustainability, specifically in contexts historically marked by environmental criticalities. Recent studies in social psychology have contributed to the debate on environmental issues and public participation: both with the formulation of theoretical models aimed at identifying the psychological processes that underlie opinions, experiences, practices 'environmentally' significant; both with potential applications and concrete proposals in terms of actions aimed at those sectors equally committed to finding a more efficient environmental management for ensuring sustainable development. Following a constructionist perspective, this research finds its epistemological framework in the theory of social representations (Moscovici, 1961/76). Related domains are: studies on collective memory (Halbwachs, 1925, 1950), as well as social identity theory (Tajfel, 1981) and processes of place identity (Proshansky, Fabian, Kaninoff, 1983). Research aims to investigate the role of psychosocial constructs of collective memory and social and place identity in contributing to co-construct a shared representation of the territory, as well as in their relations with citizens’ participation in debates on environmental issues in contexts marked by widespread environmental criticalities. Examined case is the the Chiampo Valley, near Vicenza (North-East Italy), characterized by the activity of the tanning industries so much that the area is one of the most prosperous industrial districts in this sector worldwide. Research design involves integration of some aspects of the case studies with those of retrospective and longitudinal studies; adopted methodological approach is multimethod (with particular attention to strategies of triangulation) and quali-quantitative. Main findings emerged from the four studies that comprise the plan of research show that the considered constructs (collective memory and social and place identity) contribute to the co-construction of a representation of the territory shared by the members of the community under study, that indicates their non-priority to a direct involvement in the discussion of environmental policies. In order to clarify this statement three dimensions - knowledge, methods and applications - are discussed as well as accurate and adequate reasons to support it are provided.<br>La partecipazione pubblica su questioni ambientali costituisce oggi un tema centrale di sempre maggior attualità nel dibattito politico e programmatico, nazionale e internazionale. Parallelamente, la crescente sensibilità sulle tematiche ambientali ha prodotto negli anni una diffusa consistente domanda di informazione da parte dei cittadini stessi, inducendo le Istituzioni ad affrontarle con particolare cura e attenzione. La presente ricerca si propone la finalità di rileggere con uno sguardo psicosociale la ridotta partecipazione dei cittadini ai processi decisionali proposti dalle Amministrazioni nel tentativo di ricomporre le fratture venutesi a creare tra sviluppo economico e sostenibilità ambientale, particolarmente in contesti storicamente già ampiamente segnati da criticità in questo senso. La psicologia sociale nei suoi sviluppi recenti ha contribuito ampiamente alle riflessioni su questioni ambientali e partecipazione pubblica, sia con la formulazione di modelli interpretativi teorici che mirano a individuare i processi psicologici che sottostanno a opinioni, vissuti, pratiche ‘ambientalmente’ rilevanti sia con risvolti applicativi concreti in termini di proposte di linee di intervento indirizzate a quei settori ugualmente impegnati nella ricerca di una più efficiente gestione ambientale per consentire uno sviluppo sostenibile. Fondando i suoi presupposti in una prospettiva costruzionista, la presente ricerca trova la propria cornice epistemologica nella teoria delle rappresentazioni sociali (Moscovici, 1961/76). Altri domini ad essa strettamente intrecciati sono gli studi sulla memoria collettiva (Halbwachs, 1925; 1950), la teoria dell’identità sociale (Tajfel, 1981) e il costrutto di identità di luogo (Proshansky, Fabian, Kaninoff, 1983). La ricerca si pone l’obiettivo di indagare il ruolo dei costrutti psicosociali della memoria collettiva e dell’identità sociale e di luogo nel contribuire alla co-costruzione di una rappresentazione condivisa del territorio, oltre che nelle loro relazioni con la partecipazione dei cittadini al dibattito su questioni ambientali in un contesto diffusamente industrializzato e fortemente segnato da criticità in questo senso. Il caso di studio è quello della Valle del Chiampo, in Provincia di Vicenza, la cui principale attività economica è quella della concia delle pelli, tanto che la zona costituisce uno fra i più caratteristici e prosperi distretti industriali in tale settore a livello mondiale. Il disegno di ricerca prevede l’integrazione degli aspetti caratteristici degli studi di caso con quelli di studi retrospettivi e longitudinali; l’approccio metodologico adottato è multimetodo (con una particolare attenzione alle strategie di triangolazione) e quali-quantitativo. La rilettura unitaria dei principali risultati emersi dai quattro studi che compongono il piano della ricerca permette di rispondere che i costrutti considerati contribuiscono alla co-costruzione di una rappresentazione del territorio condivisa dai membri della comunità presa in esame, tale da far ritenere non prioritario un loro diretto coinvolgimento nella discussione di politiche ambientali. Per chiarire in modo esaustivo questa affermazione si sono approfondite tre dimensioni - di conoscenza, metodologica e applicativa - e fornite precise e adeguate motivazioni a ciò che si intende sostenere.

Matière et mémoire constituent deux programmes de recherche que les sciences humaines entament souvent séparément : d'une part, l'observation empirique de la présence matérielle des objets ; de l'autre, la réflexion spéculative sur l'expérience immatérielle de la mémoire. Nonobstant, la sociologie de la mémoire permet et exige assumer sur ce point une perspective conjonctive: considérer la mémoire comme pratique sociale, inscrite dans les entourages matériels immédiats. Suivant ce principe conjonctif, la révision de quelques pratiques de mémoire nous a permis d'identifier la présence constante d'objets matériels, comme si les formes "naturelle" et "artificielle" de la mémoire étaient indissociables du statut matériel de l'objet. Une relation objectale à la mémoire et un rapport mémoriel à l'objet apparaît donc comme un invariant sur lequel nous nous efforçons de présenter quelques manifestations historiques : à Rome, aux temps de la République et le Haute-Empire, des expériences dissemblables comme le culte aux morts ou l'art rhétorique mettent en jeu, incessamment, objets et mémoire ; dans la Renaissance, la prolifération des studioli, cabinets de curiosités et Wunderkammern ne font que constater la consécration, dans les espaces du savoir et du pouvoir, d'une grande fascination pour les objets du passé ; au XIXe siècle, enfin, époque apparemment dominée par la production industrialisée, le fétichisme de l'antique renouvelle l'intérêt que les objets investis de mémoire éveillent. D'où la présence également persistante d'objets de mémoire dans la littérature: à ces moments historiques correspond une production littéraire considérable qui se propose de décrire l'importance des choses qui suscitent une expériences sensible du passé. L’œuvre de quelques poètes latins, les réflexions de Goethe sur le collectionnisme, les idées de Rilke à propos des "objets vécus" ou la Recherche proustienne sont des variations sur un thème : le temps des objets, le temps que les objets contiennent<br>Matter and memory are two research programs that Human Sciences usually undertaken in a separately way. On the one hand the empirical observation on material presence of the objects; on the other hand the speculative thought on the immaterial experience of the memory. However, sociology of memory allows and requires to assume on this subject a conjunctive outlook: to consider the memory as a social practice included in the nearby material environments. Following this conjunctive principle, the review of some memory practices has allowed us to identify the continuous presence of material objects as if the "natural" and "artificial" ways of memory were indissociable from the material status of the object. An object-based relationship with memory and a memorial relationship with objects then appears as a constant from which we try to present some historical variations: in Rome, at times of the Republic and during the Early Empire, different experiences as the cult of the dead and the art of rhetoric, incessantly implies object and memory; at Renaissance the proliferation of studioli, cabinets de curiosités and Wunderkammern can only confirm the enshrining of a great fascination in the spaces of power and knowledge for the objects from the past ; in 19th century, apparently ruled by the industrial production, the fetishism for ancient objects renews once again the interest that objects vested of memory arouses. For this reason the equally persistent presence of the objects of memory in literature: in each of those historical moments we aware that a considerable literary production attempts to describe the importance of things that evoke an experience of past. The works of some Latin poets, the Goethe's reflections on collectionism, the ideas of Rilke on the subject of "lived objects", and Proust's own Search, are literary variations on the same topic : the time of things, the time contained in things<br>Materia y memoria constituyen dos programas de investigación que las ciencias humanas suelen emprender por separado: por una parte, la observación empírica sobre la presencia material de los objetos; por otra, la reflexión especulativa sobre la experiencia inmaterial de la memoria. No obstante, la sociología de la memoria permite y exige asumir a este respecto una perspectiva conjuntiva: considerar la memoria como práctica social, inscrita en los entornos materiales inmediatos. Siguiendo este principio conjuntivo, la revisión de algunas prácticas de memoria nos ha permitido identificar la presencia constante de objetos materiales, como si las formas "natural" y "artificial" de la memoria fueran indisociables del estatuto material del objeto. Una relación objetual con la memoria y una relación memorial con los objetos aparece entonces como una constante de la que tratamos de presentar algunas variaciones históricas: en Roma, en tiempos de la República y el Alto Imperio, experiencias disímiles como el culto a los muertos y el arte de la retórica ponen en juego, incesantemente, objeto y memoria; en el Renacimiento, la proliferación de studioli, de cabinets de curiosités y de Wunderkammern no hacen más que constatar la consagración, en los espacios de poder y de saber, de una gran fascinación por los objetos del pasado; en el siglo XIX, aparentemente dominado por la producción industrial, el fetichismo de lo antiguo renueva una vez más el interés que despiertan los objetos investidos de memoria. De ahí la presencia igualmente persistente de objetos de memoria en la literatura: en cada uno de esos momentos históricos constatamos que una producción literaria considerable se propone describir la importancia de las cosas que despiertan una experiencia del pasado. La obra de algunos poetas latinos, las reflexiones sobre el coleccionismo de Goethe, las ideas de Rilke a propósito de los "objetos vividos", la propia búsqueda de Proust, son variaciones literarias sobre el mismo tema: el tiempo de las cosas, el tiempo que las cosas contienen

La tesi si occupa della dimensione traumatica e della memoria delle morti o delle scomparse di migranti senza documenti (morti legate alle frontiere o morti di persone in movimento, anche morti di migranti “illegalizzati”) alle frontiere europee, in particolare nel Mar Mediterraneo, cioè al confine meridionale dell’Europa e nel canale di Sicilia. Di fatto, più di 40.000 persone migranti hanno perso la vita nelle frontiere mondiali sempre più esternalizzate, securitarie e militarizzate. In questo scenario mortale, la frontiera meridionale dell’Europa, il Mar Mediterraneo (diviso in Mediterraneo occidentale, centrale e orientale) si è trasformato nella rotta più pericolosa e mortale. Un cimitero sommerso, un sarcofago acquatico, o l’espressione più evidente del regime della “Fortezza Europa” attraverso il quale si applica una necropolitica violenta, emergono crimini di pace e solidarietà e si materializzano forme eterogenee di violazioni. Così, la ricerca si propone un’analisi socioculturale e psicosociale critica sui dati empirici raccolti attraverso un lavoro etnografico nelle zone di confine, in particolare nell’isola italiana di Lampedusa, e attraverso interviste narrative semi-strutturate con attivisti/artivisti italiani ed europei. L’obiettivo è quello di analizzare come le pratiche di costruzione e memorizzazione del trauma, come esperienze simboliche/liminali personali e collettive di creazione di significato, affrontino la dimensione razziale, coloniale e violenta delle politiche europee manifesta in una concezione di frontiera che non si riduce ad una linea geografica materiale. Il lavoro si articola nei seguenti punti: • Una breve panoramica sugli studi sulle migrazioni da una prospettiva storica e sociale: cause, dinamiche e normative che inquadrano l’eterogeneità delle migrazioni. L’attenzione sarà posta principalmente sulla situazione europea/italiana; • Un focus dettagliato sui “migranti illegalizzati” o migranti privi di documentazione regolare, che sono persone in movimento che prendono rotte di confine pericolose e rischiano la vita nell’attraversarle. Utilizzando dati provenienti da diverse fonti, la dimensione numerica del fenomeno sarà affrontata e discussa criticamente. • Uno schema dettagliato sugli studi di frontiera, memoria e trauma da una prospettiva transdisciplinare e dalla prospettiva specifica della psicologia socioculturale. • Una descrizione dell’impianto metodologico impiegato dalla ricerca. • Due capitoli di analisi, distinti lungo una linea geografica: zone di confine (Lampedusa) ed esperienze transfrontaliere. • In conclusione, saranno evidenziati i limiti e le linee di direzione future.<br>The thesis deals with the traumatic and memory dimension of undocumented migrants’ deaths (border-related deaths or people-on-the-move deaths, also ‘illegalized’ migrants’ deaths) at the European borders, specifically in the Mediterranean Sea, i.e. the southern European border. As a matter of fact, more than 40,000 people-on-the-move have lost their lives in worldwide increasing externalized, securitized, and militarized borders. In such a deadly scenario, the European southern border, the Mediterranean Sea (divided in West, Central, and East Mediterranean route) has turned into the most perilous and deadliest route. A submerged cemetery, the European ‘sarcophagi’, or the most evident expression of the ‘Fortress Europe’ regime through which necropolitics are applied, ‘crimes of peace/solidarity’ emerge, and heterogeneous forms of violence/violation materialize. Thus, the book proposes a sociocultural and critical psychosocial analysis on empirical data collected through ethnographic work in border-zones, specifically in the Italian island of Lampedusa, and through semi-structured narrative interviews with European activist/’artivist’. The aim is to analyse how practices of trauma construction and memorialization, as personal and collective symbolic/liminal experiences of meaning-making, engage racial, colonial, and violent European policies. A brief overview over migration studies from a historical and social perspective: causes, dynamics, and normative that frame migration heterogeneity. The attention will mainly put on European/Italian situation. The thesis is further structured in the following sections: • A detailed focus over ‘illegalized migrants’ or undocumented migrants which are people-on-the-move who take perilous border routes and risk their lives in crossing them. Using data from different sources, the numeric dimension of the phenomenon will be addressed and critically discussed. • A detailed outline on border, memory, and trauma studies from a transdisciplinary perspective and from the specific perspective of sociocultural psychology. • A methodological/methods description of the research. • Two chapter of analysis, distinguished along a geographical line: border-zones (Lampedusa) and cross-borders experiences. In conclusion, limits and future lines of direction will be highlighted.

L'objet de cette étude consiste à déterminer dans quelle mesure l'imaginaire des missions jésuites de la Nouvelle-Espagne a influencé la construction de la mémoire de groupe des membres de la nouvelle Compagnie de Jésus, en tant que corps social et religieux, à partir de son rétablissement universel en 1814, et à revenir sur ces deux moments spécifiques qui sont la promulgation du décret (de gouvernement mexicain) rétablissant les missions en 1843 et la nouvelle fondation de la mission de Tarahumara en 1900. L'analyse de cette activité missionnaire sur différentes périodes et à différentes échelles permet de mieux comprendre certains effets de l'expulsion de l'Ordre en 1767, aussi bien à travers les traces qu'ont laissé les missions du nord-ouest que dans l'imaginaire qui s'est forgé autour de l'oeuvre des jésuites durant leur absence au cours du XIXe siècle (les jésuites comme une 'présence absente'). La construction de cet imaginaire n'est autre que celle de la mémoire des missions jésuites, dans laquelle sont intervenus non seulement les membres de l'Ordre, mais aussi d'autres acteurs sociaux. Or cette mémoire a encouragé les jésuites à continuer à se constituer en groupement à partir de leur rétablissement incertain au Mexique, en 1816. Quant aux acteurs sociaux qui ont contribué et participé à cette construction de l'imaginaire des missions, ils l'ont fait - selon leur contexte - avec des perspectives et des intérêts divergents. La recherche accorde de l'importance au relèvement du territoire nord (pour l'empire espagnol, pour la nation mexicaine, pour la Compagnie de Jésus, pour la mission de la Sierra Tarahumara) et à son rôle dans la construction de la mémoire<br>This study analyzes the way in which the 'imaginary' of the New Spain Jesuit missions influenced on thè development of the group memory of the members of the Society of Jésus in Mexico during the XIX century. The investigation stresses two spécifie moments of that time: 1) the promulgation, in 1843, of a Mexican government decree of the foundation of the missions. 2) The new foundation of the mission in the Tarahumara région in 1900. This study also offers a larger compréhension of the effects of the expelling of Jesuits form Spanish domains, which occurred in the year 1767. After this expulsion, there remained many traces of the work the Jesuits had realized in the missions of the Mexican Northwest. During the absence of those religious, those traces contributed to conform the 'imaginary' of their missionary work : Jesuits continued to be present - in a way - even during their absence. Not only the members of the Jesuit Order took part in this process, when they returned to Mexico in the XIX century, there were another social actors too. In the Mexican situation, the political instability of the new nation during that century forced the Jesuits to suffer several persecutions and dispersions; but the construction of that memory we talk about helped them to avoid breaking up as a group. The investigation also analyzes the relationship between the construction of this memory and the territorial integration of Northern Mexico. This integration was of great importance both for the Jesuits, who wanted to return to the North of the country, and for the Mexican governments before and after the independence

Cette recherche a eu pour but de documenter et interpréter le patrimoine culturel saa (zapotèque) des Bene Ya’a/En’ne I’ya, les habitants zapotèques de la Sierra Norte de Oaxaca, à partir des symboles transmis par les savoirs des weneya’a, les personnes “qui parlent avec les montagnes” et qui sont chargées des activités rituelles de leurs communautés.Les weneya’a donnent une signification à leur patrimoine culturel, à leurs lieux sacrés, à leur temps liturgique, à la vie et à la mort. En ce sens ils sont indispensables pour la transmission des valeurs culturelles et identitaires fondamentales à leurs communautés. Leurs savoirs, ainsi que leur langue dilla ya’a/tíza i’ya sont vecteurs de symboles qui s’inscrivent au sein d’une continuité culturelle du peuple saa.Ces symboles ont été étudiés à partir de deux volets: le premier est centré sur les sessions mantiques réalisées par les weneya’a et les discours rituels qu’ils prononcent en ces occasions en dilla ya’a/tíza i’ya, le second concerne le paysage sacré et sa représentation au sein de la mémoire culturelle. Les deux volets de la recherche sont considérés à partir d’une perspective historique et se présentent, en parallèle, avec l’analyse de documents mantiques datant du XVIIème siècle ainsi qu’avec la prospection archéologique du paysage sacré. L’ensemble du travail, la documentation, tout comme l’interprétation, est le fruit d’une collaboration étroite avec les habitants des communautés où ont été effectuées les recherches.Les activités mantiques sont étudiées à partir d’entretiens et de sessions divinatoires avec les weneya’a provenant des régions Xhon (Cajonos) et Le’ya (Ixtlán). Les entretiens ont permis aux weneyaa de décrire et d’expliquer le sens qu’ils donnent à leurs activités ainsi qu’à l’environnement qui les entoure. Les sessions documentées ont été réalisées dans la communauté d’Exhu’ni (Abejones) et portent une attention particulière sur les symboles représentés lors des lectures ainsi que les prières prononcées durant les sessions en tíza Exhu’ni (zapotèque d’Abejones). Les documents mantiques datant du XVIIème siècle ont été analysés dans le cadre d’un séminaire organisé avec des enseignants de la région, pour qui le dilla ya’a/tíza i’ya est la langue maternelle.Il a été observé que les activités des weneya’a ne se limitent pas à l’activité mantique, mais concernent également les pratiques rituelles dans les lieux sacrés de la communauté. L’histoire de ces lieux a été interprétée de manière pluridisciplinaire, en créant un point de jonction entre les prospections archéologiques et les savoirs des habitants. Pour y parvenir, la signification de ces lieux dans la mémoire culturelle a été étudiée grâce aux explications des weneya’a, les narrations, les rituels qui y sont effectués ainsi que les discours liturgiques qui les accompagnent.Les recherches qui y sont réalisées permettent de contextualiser historiquement les savoirs des weneya’a, les inscrivant dans une continuité culturelle avec les témoignages historiques et archéologiques des Bene Saa, le peuple zapotèque. De plus, elles présentent de manière manifeste leur rôle comme protecteurs de leur patrimoine. Les weneyaa portent et préservent en leur mémoire la signification des symboles de leur culture, de leur paysage sacré, de leur patrimoine matériel et immatériel. Ils sont donc indispensables pour la revitalisation culturelle et identitaire de leurs communautés. Enfin, la méthodologie appliquée pour ce travail présente une approche centrée sur les citoyens et axée sur leur engagement communautaire pour la reconstruction de leur histoire.<br>Doctorat en Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Orientador: Margareth Brandini Park<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T22:20:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pimenta_MartaEugeniaFontenele_M.pdf: 11277937 bytes, checksum: ce557461c9d1b15ddbfd6e0e183df415 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008<br>Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a temática do trabalho nas narrativas de velhos alfaiates, quando convidados a falarem de suas trajetórias de vida, por meio de processos de reminiscências. O estudo foi desenvolvido com a participação de cinco alfaiates - com faixa etária entre 65 e 98 anos -, os quais passaram a maior parte de sua vida adulta e produtiva, na cidade de Campinas (SP), tendo como fator comum a prática do ofício, no contexto do século XX. À luz da Gerontologia, e numa perspectiva de valorização da rememoração na velhice, a pesquisa evidencia que esses homens velhos, ao falarem de si apóiam-se na temática trabalho (vida laborativa), utilizando-a como uma espécie de fio condutor, para organizarem e estruturarem suas memórias, configurando um estado de unissonância entre vida e trabalho. Aliando ao método biográfico uma sistematização para a leitura dos relatos, o trabalho amplia o espectro de interpretações das narrativas, possibilitando análises acerca das especificidades nas quais o velho se apóia para falar de si, de suas visões de mundo e do trabalho, como um conteúdo existencial e social<br>Abstract: The aim of this research is to look into the topic of work in the narratives of aged tailors, when asked to speak about their lives by means of remembrances. The research was developed with the participation of tailors whose age varied from 65 to 98. They have spent most of their lives in Campinas (SP) having in common the practice of their jobs in the twentieth century. In the light of gerontology and in the perspective of valuing remembrances in old age, the research gives evidence that these old men, when speaking about themselves, back up on the topic work (working life). They use it as a guideline to organize and structure their memories creating a state of harmony between life and work. This study enlarges the spectrum of interpretations of the narratives using a biographical method as well as a systematization for the reading of the accounts. This enables analyses about the specifications upon which the elder backs up to speak about himself and to express his ideas about the world and about work as an existential and social content<br>Mestrado<br>Mestre em Gerontologia

Due to its sensitive nature, the graveyard is often an avoided problem space within the field of design. This becomes evident from the lack of exploration and analysis in this domain. Anyhow, it represents an opportunity to test how design can mediate between sacred places, technology and people. Moreover, as a very specific context, the graveyard encompasses peculiar ways of interacting and experiencing space that deserve to be taken into account. This work discusses the notions of space and place and how the field of interaction design can benefit from them. In doing so, it investigates the hidden dimensions of the graveyard that make it a complex structure where spatial, personal and socio-cultural dimensions are intertwined. While the fieldwork aims at analysing the graveyard in its different tones of meaning (identity, memorial, cultural differences, on-site interaction) the focus of the work are the practices of memory and the role that the past has in our relation with the deceased. The result of the design process is an interactive audio system composed of a playback circuit based on Arduino and boxed into a seashell. The device is designed to be placed on the grave and store audio content. Once activated, the audio seashell allows listening and eventually recording vocal traces related to the deceased’s past. Taking into account the observed practices, rules and conventions that shape the graveyard, the role of personal and collective rituals and the meanings of all the identified artifacts, the designed system supports the experience of recalling memories in respect to the atmosphere, tempo and rhythm that characterise the graveyard.

Orientador: Olga Rodrigues de Moraes Von Simson<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T05:39:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alvisi_LiliandeCassia_D.pdf: 30004664 bytes, checksum: b54afa3ad994381852133d6f55239e05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008<br>Resumo: Este projeto teve como objetivo discutir as implicações políticas no processo de organização de um memorial escolar, que resultou em um movimento de empoderamento de diferentes indivíduos ou grupos de uma determinada comunidade. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa ação que foi desenvolvida com o apoio de especialistas do Centro de Memória - Unicamp. As relações entre memória compartilhada, resistência política e empoderamento foram abordadas na pesquisa buscando promover debates e gerar contribuições tanto sobre atitudes já concretizadas ou ainda para orientar aquelas que serão tomadas coletivamente, no futuro. A iniciativa de organização de um memorial escolar partiu e está sendo executada por um grupo significativo e representativo da comunidade local, com ação participativa dos pesquisadores/técnicos do CM - Unicamp. Todo o processo de organização do Memorial Padre Carlos se valeu de táticas de resistência ante uma situação indesejada, que pudesse desvirtuar as propostas político-educativas da Escola Profissional Dom Bosco de Poços de Caldas, devido à inserção de membros da Congregação dos Salesianos nas atividades didático ¿ administrativas, após a morte de seus fundadores<br>Abstract: This project aimed to discuss the political implications during the process of organising a memorial of a school, which resulted in a movement of empowerment of different persons or groups of a particular community. This research was an engaged one, being developed with the assistance of specialists of the Centro de Memória ¿ Unicamp (Center of Memory - Unicamp). The relations between shared memory, resistance and political empowerment, in the research, tried to promote debates and generate contributions on attitudes already implemented and to guide those that will be taken collectively in the future. The initiative to organise a memorial in a school started and is being run by an important and representative group of the local community, with the participation of the researchers/ technicians from CM - Unicamp. The whole process of organising the ¿Memorial Padre Carlos¿ made use of tactics of resistance before an undesirable situation that could distort the political-educational proposals of the Escola Profissional Dom Bosco de Poços de Caldas (Dom Bosco Vocational School - Poços de Caldas) due to the inclusion of members of the Salesian Congregation in didactic - administrative activities, after the decease of its founders<br>Doutorado<br>Ciencias Sociais na Educação<br>Doutor em Educação

La tesis de investigación que presentamos tiene como objetivo principal comprender cómo se construyen sentidos del pasado de la dictadura y cómo éstos se transmiten intergeneracionalmente en la vida cotidiana de una población de Santiago de Chile. Los estudios sobre memorias de pasados violentos suelen construirse desde perspectivas nacionales y dejar en un segundo plano de análisis las memorias que surgen en una escala local. Recoger este ámbito se vuelve especialmente relevante en el caso chileno si tenemos en cuenta la existencia de barrios que son considerados emblemáticos, en parte, por su trayectoria ligada al pasado dictatorial. Este es el caso de la población que aquí decidimos llamar de manera ficticia La Aurora, cuyo carácter icónico se vincula en gran medida al hecho de haber albergado brotes de resistencia al Golpe Militar. Un territorio que, además, se caracteriza por una marcada tradición comunitaria y porque en la actualidad encarna de manera paradigmática a los llamados “barrios críticos” de la capital en los discursos oficiales y mediáticos. Estas representaciones alimentan procesos de estigmatización y lo han convertido en un espacio intervenido por el Estado y ocupado por la policía desde hace 16 años. Todos estos elementos configuran una vida cotidiana atravesada por diversos conflictos y violencias que la cargan de acontecimientos y generan condiciones que determinan las miradas hacia el pasado, pero también la relación con el presente y las proyecciones futuras. Es en este escenario que nos preguntamos por las memorias de la dictadura y su comunicación entre generaciones, desde una aproximación de la vida cotidiana en tanto terreno propicio para articular la pluralidad de formas que los recuerdos locales toman. A través de una perspectiva etnográfica exploramos cómo en la población se configuran tramas de memorias locales de la dictadura donde conviven formas institucionales, oficiales, silenciosas, fragmentarias, conmemorativas, transgresoras, entre otras. Advertimos que todas en conjunto y cada una de ellas operan construyendo sentidos del pasado que están siendo resignificados y recontextualizados por generaciones que no lo vivieron, pero que habitan un presente excepcional.