Статті в журналах: "Medicinal substances"

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Grincevičienė, Švitrigailė. "COUNSELLING OF PREGNANT WOMEN AT THE PHARMACY ABOUT RATIONAL USE OF MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES: ASSOCIATION WITH AGE AND EDUCATION OF PHARMACY SPECIALISTS." Visuomenės sveikata 23, no. 2 (May 3, 2013): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/sm-hs.2013.050.

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Pharmacy specialists are responsible for counsel ling about rational use of medicinal substance in so ciety, but not all of them provide advice for the pa tients. So the aim of this study was to analyze the association between counselling of pregnant wom en at Lithuanian pharmacies about rational use of medicinal substances and pharmacy specialist’s age and educational background. Methods. Random sample of Lithuanian pharmacy specialists (N = 440) was anonymously questioned during the period of March-October, 2012. “FIP reference paper on the effective utilization of pharmacists in improving maternal, newborn and child health” was used for the development of questions about the counselling of pregnant women about rational use of medicinal substances. Results. The odds ratio of more frequent counselling was higher in the case of millennial generation comparing with baby boomers (OR = 3.521 (CI 95% = 6.135 – 2.020)). Higher proportion of pharmacists, compared to pharmacy technicians (p< 0.05), were counselling about rational use of synthetized medicinal substances and non-pharmacological alternatives (millennial generation) and almost all topics of rational use of medicinal substances (baby boomers). Conclusions. Age was associated with the frequency of counselling about rational use of medicinal substances. Age and educational background was associated with counselling topics during pregnancy.

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Purnhagen, Kai. "On How to Assess a Medicinal Product By Function." European Journal of Risk Regulation 1, no. 1 (March 2010): 90–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00000131.

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Article 1(2) of Directive 2001/83 on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use, as amended by Directive 2004/27 must, apart from the case of substances or combinations of substances intended for the purpose of making a medical diagnosis, be interpreted as meaning that a product which includes in its composition a substance which has a physiological effect when used in a particular dosage is not a medicinal product by function where, having regard to its content in active substances and under normal conditions of use, it constitutes a risk to health without, however, being capable of restoring, correcting or modifying physiological functions in human beings (…) (official headnote).

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Beissebekov, M., R. Iminova, G. Kayralapova, Bates Kudaybergenova, Shynar Zhumagaliyeva, M. Beysebekov, and Zharylkasyn Abilov. "Organo-mineral carriers of medicinal substances." Chemical Bulletin of Kazakh National University, no. 3 (September 25, 2012): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.15328/chemb_2012_3197-202.

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Ren, Xiaolei, Kaiser Abdulkerim, Xiaorui Fu, Xia Liu, Shuangshuang Ma, Juan Wang, Siqi Liu, Jiarui Wu, and Xueyong Wang. "Metabolomics research on Tibetan medicinal substances." Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2, no. 2 (April 2015): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcms.2016.02.002.

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Morris, Craig. "Medicinal Cannabis Users Downplaying and Shifting Stigma: Articulations of the ‘Natural’, of What Is/Is Not a ‘Drug’ and Oppositions with ‘Chemical’ Substances." Sociological Research Online 25, no. 3 (September 18, 2019): 350–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1360780419870814.

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While sympathy exists among the public for chronically ill and/or disabled people who use cannabis medicinally, cannabis remains a prohibited substance in the UK. How do medicinal cannabis users negotiate this potential stigma when talking about their use of this substance? I reflect on the spoken discourses of 10 medicinal cannabis users (from a sample of 32), obtained by way of qualitative interviews, adopting a critical discourse analysis approach to the data. Specifically, I focus on their articulations around three related themes: cannabis as a ‘natural’ substance, discursive oppositions between cannabis and other substances, and articulations about what is/is not a ‘drug’. I examine how participants articulated these themes in ways that attempted to negotiate the potential for stigma that talking about their cannabis use involved. I found they used rhetorical strategies that downplay their own deviance, attempt to shift the application of stigma to users of other substances, or both. I argue that the more powerful the discursive resources that are articulated, the less rhetorical work an individual has to do to negotiate positive moral standing in an encounter. I also consider to what degree these articulations involved constructions emphasising individual self-control. I argue participants emphasise their individual self-control by asserting that cannabis is a ‘natural’ substance (connoting less inherent risk).

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Shurshina, Angela, Elena Kulish, and Roman Lazdin. "Study of Kinetics of Medicinal Substances Release from Chitosan Films." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 9, no. 3 (September 15, 2015): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht09.03.319.

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Peryea, Tyler, Noel Southall, Mitch Miller, Daniel Katzel, Niko Anderson, Jorge Neyra, Sarah Stemann, et al. "Global Substance Registration System: consistent scientific descriptions for substances related to health." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. D1 (November 2, 2020): D1179—D1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa962.

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Abstract The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) have collaborated to publish rigorous scientific descriptions of substances relevant to regulated products. The FDA has adopted the global ISO 11238 data standard for the identification of substances in medicinal products and has populated a database to organize the agency's regulatory submissions and marketed products data. NCATS has worked with FDA to develop the Global Substance Registration System (GSRS) and produce a non-proprietary version of the database for public benefit. In 2019, more than half of all new drugs in clinical development were proteins, nucleic acid therapeutics, polymer products, structurally diverse natural products or cellular therapies. While multiple databases of small molecule chemical structures are available, this resource is unique in its application of regulatory standards for the identification of medicinal substances and its robust support for other substances in addition to small molecules. This public, manually curated dataset provides unique ingredient identifiers (UNIIs) and detailed descriptions for over 100 000 substances that are particularly relevant to medicine and translational research. The dataset can be accessed and queried at https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/app/substances.

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Porseva, N. Yu, A. V. Soloninina, and N. B. Rostova. "On problems and algorithm of prescribing combined medicinal preparations, containing small quantities of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances." Perm Medical Journal 35, no. 2 (April 15, 2018): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj35259-67.

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Aim. To analyze the regulating documents and work out the algorithm of prescribing combined medicinal preparations, containing small quantities of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their precursors and other pharmacological active substances. Materials and methods. The normative documents, regulating the order of prescribing and selling combined medicinal preparations, containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors were analyzed. Results. Some normative documents to regulate the order of prescribing combined medicinal preparations, containing narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, present problems. To simplify the procedure of prescribing such medicinal preparations, there was suggested an algorithm, explaining: the choice of prescription form; conditions of prescribing combined medicinal preparation by trade name; terms of prescription validity and possibilities of their prolongation; regulated possibilities for exceeding norms of prescribing medicinal preparations and order of their registration. Conclusions. The suggested algorithm of the order of prescription will promote observation of requirements of the existing normative acts.

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Mahajna, Jamal A., Majed Yassin, and Ben-Zion Zaidman. "Medicinal Mushroom Substances as Cancer Molecular Therapy." International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 7, no. 3 (2005): 351–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/intjmedmushr.v7.i3.150.

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G, Odontuya. "Ethnopharmacology – active substances and medicines." Bulletin of the Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, no. 7 (December 23, 2019): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/bicct.v0i7.1271.

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Ethnopharmacological evidence and knowledge of medicinal plants, as well as their traditional usage in folk medicine could become an important guide for discovering and studying their pharmacologically active substances. Of the 122 officially recognized medicinal plant-based medicines worldwide, 80 % are derived from either ethnomedical practice or traditional usages by the local populations. Consequently, this illustrates the effectiveness of identifying active substances from the ethnomedical practices of the related medicinal plants. Today, pharmaceutical companies have started to direct research activities for discovering active compounds from natural sources, including medicinal plants, due to an increase in the lack of precise medications available for treating certain medical complications, as well as a comparatively high level of side effects and toxicity in synthetic medicines. Угсаатны эм судлал –эмийн идэвхт бодис, шинэ эм бэлдмэлийн эх сурвалж болох нь Хураангуй: Эмийн ургамлыг уламжлалт анагаах ухаанд хэрэглэдэг талаарх угсаатны эм судлалын мэдлэг, мэдээлэл нь ургамлаас эмчилгээний идэвхтбодисыг ялган судлах, ашиглахадчухал удирдамж болдог. Эмийн ургамлаас гарган авсан 122 бодис нь эм болж дэлхийн эмийн зах зээлд нийлүүлэгдсэн байдаг бөгөөд эдгээрийн 80 % нь тухайн өвчнийг анагаахад орон нутгийн ард түмний хэрэглэж заншсан ургамлаас ялгагдаж, угсаатны эм судлалын судалгааны үр дүнд бүтээгдсэн онцлогтой. Орчин үед зарим өвчний эмчилгээнд тохирох эм бэлдмэл одоо болтол гараагүй, нийлэг эмийн гаж нөлөө, хоруу чанар их зэрэг олон шалтгааны улмаас эмийн компаниуд байгалиас, ургамлаас эмийн идэвхтбодисыг шинээр илрүүлэн эм бэлдмэл гарган авах хандлага, сонирхол улам бүр өсөж байна. Түлхүүр үг: Ургамал, угсаатны ам судлал, эмийн идэвхт бодис, эм бэлдмэл

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11

Épshtein, N. A. "Compatibility of Medicinal and Excipient Substances in the Development of Medicinal Formulations." Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal 52, no. 7 (October 2018): 648–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11094-018-1876-4.

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12

Antonova, N. P., I. M. Morgunov, S. S. Prokhvatilova, E. P. Shefer, O. V. Evdokimova, A. V. Beketova, and M. N. Lyakina. "Improvement of Methods of Standardisation of Medicinal Products Made from Veratrum Lobelianum Rhizomes with Roots." Bulletin of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products 11, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/10.30895/1991-2919-2021-11-1-44-48.

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Abstract. Identification of hellebore (Veratrum Lobelianum Bernh.) herbal substance, as well as hellebore-based herbal preparation and herbal medicinal product by the same group of biologically active substances using the same test method is in line with the so-called “consistent standardisation” principle.The aim of the study was to develop a harmonised approach to identification of steroidal alkaloids in hellebore products (hellebore water, hellebore tincture) and hellebore herbal substance (hellebore rhizomes with roots).Materials and methods: samples of hellebore water, hellebore tincture, and hellebore rhizomes with roots were analysed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) using an HPTLC plate.Results: the authors developed a harmonised identification procedure for products made from hellebore rhizomes with roots (herbal substance, herbal preparation, and herbal medicinal product) based on HPTLC detection of steroidal alkaloids. The results of the study will be used to prepare amendments to the Identification part of monograph FS.2.5.0104.18 “Hellebore rhizomes with roots”. The developed test procedure is proposed for inclusion into draft monographs “Hellebore rhizomes with roots, tincture” and “Hellebore rhizomes with roots, tincture, solution for external use”.Conclusions: the developed test procedure can be used as an identification test for a range of products from the hellebore herbal substance to hellebore-based herbal medicinal products, which is based on the detection of the same group of biologically active substances.

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Sakanyan, E. I., E. L. Kovaleva, L. N. Frolova, and V. V. Shelestova. "CURRENT REQUIREMENTS FOR THE QUALITY OF HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS." Bulletin of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products 8, no. 3 (September 26, 2018): 170–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/1991-2919-2018-8-3-170-178.

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The article provides the results of a comparative analysis of requirements laid out in the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR, XI ed. (SPh XI) and the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIII ed. (SPh XIII) concerning quality evaluation and standardization of herbal substances, herbal medicines and other herbal products. The article discusses requirements for the criteria of herbal substances and herbal medicines quality control described in general chapters and monographs that were previously in force and that have recently been adopted. The article mentions new herbal substances that were included into the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation for the first time as well as herbal substances included into the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR, X ed., not included into SPh XI, but included into SPh XIII. The article analyses the requirements described in the new general chapters that were recently included into SPh XIII: “Herbal substances. Herbal preparations”, “Determination of heavy metals and arsenic content in herbal substances and herbal medicinal products”, “Determination of water absorption factor for herbal substances”, “Buds”, “Cut-pressed granules”. The article suggests ways to improve methods of analysis of herbal substances and herbal medicinal products in view of recent advances in pharmacopoeial analysis and the increasing requirements for its quality.

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Polkovnikova , Yu A., and N. A. Kovaleva. "Modern Research in the Field of Microencapsulation (Review)." Drug development & registration 10, no. 2 (May 29, 2021): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2021-10-2-50-61.

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Introduction. Microencapsulation is one of the promising areas for obtaining new dosage forms. The peculiarity of microencapsulated forms is that the substance is protected from the effects of various environmental factors that can cause their destruction (acidity of gastric juice, the effect of food, joint intake of other drugs, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, etc.). This method is used for various groups of drugs, such as antibiotics, nootropics, vitamins, probiotics, anticonvulsants, enzymes. Particular attention should be paid to antibacterial drugs, since the possibility of microencapsulation solves one of the most important problems in antibiotic therapy – the resistance of microorganisms.Text. The purpose of the review is to analyze modern research in the field of microencapsulation, to study trends and directions for the creation of microcapsules with high activity and bioavailability and with minimal side effects. The article provides brief information and main conclusions on the development of techniques and selection of conditions for microencapsulation of individual medicinal substances, on the study of polymers of various natures for use as carriers, on the methods of forming double shells of microcapsules, and also investigated the efficiency of microencapsulation of biologically active substances, such as antibacterial preparations, substances of plant and animal origin and preparations from various pharmacological groups. Variants of microencapsulation techniques for specific compounds that are suitable for substances similar in composition and action, as well as methods for creating microcapsules with double shells for compounds insoluble in water, are presented.Conclusion. The article shows the achievements and prospects of using microencapsulation of medicinal substances and their advantages over standard dosage forms. The active introduction of the developed methods into production will allow the creation of new dosage forms with known medicinal substances that have a prolonged effect, which will reduce the frequency of use of the drug, as well as retain their activity under the influence of negative factors of the internal environment of the body. Also, in the form of microcapsules, the substances are more active in comparison with non-encapsulated substances.

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Teslyar, H. Yu, M. Ya Smolinska, I. Ya Kotsyumbas, N. M. Chyhyn, N. G. Rohulia, and A. R. Pilip. "SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT SODIUM METABISULPHITE CONTENT IN PREPARED MEDICINAL FORMS OF VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS." Scientific and Technical Bulletin оf State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives аnd Institute of Animal Biology 21, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36359/scivp.2020-21-2.25.

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An analytical method for the quantitative determination of antioxidant sodium metabisulphite in veterinary drugs has been proposed by spectrophotometric method. Based on the literature data, the optimal conditions of the analytical reaction were selected experimentally. The dependence of the value of the analytical signal on the temperature of the reaction medium, concentration of p-rosaniline and duration of the reaction was investigated to establish the optimal conditions of the analytical reaction and obtain a stable analytical signal. The stability of the colored analytical form in time was also checked and the linear dependence of the value of the analytical signal on the concentration of sodium metabisulphite was investigated. The analytical reaction at room temperature is optimal. The maximum analaytical signal is achieved by carrying out the analytical reaction for 10 minutes and then practically does not change for an hour. To achieve the maximum analytical signal, it is necessary to use a 20-fold excess of dye relative to sodium metabisulphite. The analytical signal remains stable only for the first hour, then gradually begins to decrease. Metrological characteristics of the method of determination of metabisulphite in veterinary drugs are calculated, the limits of spectrophotometric determination are 0.33 – 2.50 μg/ml. The correctness of the developed method was checked on model solutions by the method of "introduced-found" method of comparison in the presence of various biologically active substances that are part of drugs together with sodium metabisulphite. The content of sodium metabisulphite in veterinary drugs of domestic and foreign production at different intervals of their storage time was established. It is shown that the content of sodium metabisulphite in drugs decreases during their storage time, until complete disappearance, which directly affects the content of the active substance, because in the absence of antioxidant oxidative processes with biologically active substances begin to take place.

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Aikeshev, Bulat Musulmanbekovich, and Ayaulym Arystanbay. "MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF HERICIUM ERINACEUS." Chronos 6, no. 10(60) (October 13, 2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.52013/2658-7556-60-10-1.

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Medicinal mushrooms have become an attractive topic due to their bioactive compounds potentially useful for therapeutic use. Among the growing popularity of medicinal mushrooms is Hericium erinaceus. Hericium erinaceus is a medicinal edible mushroom with a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine as well as in other countries of the East. Along with this, several of its biologically active compounds served as the basis for the creation of nutritional supplements. Its fruiting bodies and mycelium are rich in active substances that promote health. Tests of substances extracted from this fungus in animals and in vitro have given good results. They are beginning to be used in the treatment of cancer, liver diseases, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, and wound healing. They improve cognitive abilities, support the nervous and immune systems.

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Kulish, E. I., A. S. Shurshina, and Eli M. Pearce. "Ways of Regulation of Release of Medicinal Substances from the Chitosan Films." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 10. Innovatcionnaia deiatel’nost’, no. 1 (March 2014): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu10.2014.1.5.

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Gohar, MichaelR, EnsafE Daood, RefeeaM Naseef, and MohamedA Alwakeel. "MEDICINAL HERBS AS A SOURCE OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCES." International Journal of Advanced Research 4, no. 6 (June 30, 2016): 1512–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/712.

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Mizuno, Takashi. "Yamabushitake,Hericium erinaceum: Bioactive substances and medicinal utilization." Food Reviews International 11, no. 1 (February 1995): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87559129509541027.

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Bondarev, Alexander, Elena Zhilyakova, Anastasia Malyutina, Larissa Kozubova, Natalia Avtina, Elena Timoshenko, and Georgy Vasiliev. "Structural features of mineral carriers of medicinal substances." BIO Web of Conferences 40 (2021): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20214003007.

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The aim of the work is to investigation of the structural features of mineral carriers of medicinal substances. Tasks: conduct electron microscopy and study the structural features of mineral sorbents; develop a classification of sorption interaction. The materials are Smectite Dioctahedral (registration certificate N 015155/01, France), Kaolin (state standard 19608-84, Russia), Montmorillonite Clay (technical specifications 9296-001-62646221-2012, Russia). The methods are scanning electron microscopy on a FEI Quanta 600 microscope with a low vacuum mode and an LFD detector. Results. Electron microscopy of objects was performed using segmentation of elements as subsystems, inside which the morphological description does not penetrate. The morphology of objects is studied. It is established that the studied substances are microstructural objects. Porosity was determined in samples of Smectite, Kaolin and Montmorillonite Clay. The classification of sorption interaction is developed. According to the presented classification, the materials under study are divided into two groups according to their porous characteristics: Group 1-sorption interaction in pores and by ion exchange (Smectite, Montmorillonite Clay); Group 2-sorption in secondary pores and by means of Oxygen and Hydroxyl centers (Kaolin).

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Kabashi, Saranda, Danil Gamboa, Vigdis Vindenes, Thomas Berg, Thor Arthur Hilberg, Benedicte Jørgenrud, Anners Lerdal, and Stig Tore Bogstrand. "Multimorbidity, psychoactive substance use and psychological distress among acute medically ill patients: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 11, no. 11 (November 2021): e052428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052428.

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BackgroundIn order to target the complex health needs of patients with multimorbidity using psychoactive substances, knowledge regarding the association between substance use and multimorbidity in an acute setting is needed.AimsExamine psychoactive substance use patterns among acute medically ill patients, and determine the association between multimorbidity and substance use, and psychological distress.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participants2874 acute medically ill patients admitted to a medical emergency department in Oslo, Norway.MeasurementsPrimary outcome: multimorbidity recorded by the presence of ≥2 International Classification of Diseases 10th revision—physical and/or mental health conditions per patient, extracted from medical records. Predictor variables: self-reported data on age, sex, occupational status, psychological distress (Hopkins Symptom Check List-5), alcohol use (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-4) and results from blood samples on psychoactive medicinal and illicit drugs.FindingsOf all patients, 57.2% had multimorbidity. Of these, 62.6% reported psychological distress, 85.5% consumed either alcohol, medicinal and/or illicit drugs and 64.4% combined alcohol with psychoactive medicinal drugs. Patients with risky alcohol use were more likely to have multimorbidity compared with patients with low-risk alcohol use (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.05 to 2.24). Patients using psychoactive medicinal drugs were more likely to have multimorbidity compared with non-users (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.67).ConclusionMultimorbidity was associated with psychoactive medicinal drug and risky alcohol use, and psychological distress. Substance use was widespread, with alcohol and psychoactive medicinal drugs most frequently combined. Monitoring substance use among multimorbid patients is necessary to develop tailored treatments, and reduce burden on the healthcare system.

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Lu, Di. "Transnational Travels of the Caterpillar Fungus in the Fifteenth through Nineteenth Centuries." Asian Medicine 12, no. 1-2 (February 21, 2017): 7–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15734218-12341387.

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AbstractThe caterpillar fungus is representative of Chinese medicinal substances that are of Tibetan origin. From the early eighteenth century, due to people’s curiosity about exotic natural objects and their pursuit of new effective medicinal substances, the caterpillar fungus began to spread to Chinese society and even the rest of the world. Through intricate transnational networks of people, societies, and institutions, its specimens first arrived in France and Japan in the 1720s, Britain in about 1831, Russia in 1851, and America in 1891. The caterpillar fungus initiated European research on fungal parasitism in animals, and created new positions in the European natural order. European taxonomic identifications of the caterpillar fungus interacted with the European materia medica enterprise. Meanwhile, new European perceptions about its natural properties came to dominate Sino-Tibetan understandings of its properties and the nature of its cross-species transformation; but some Chinese medical knowledge about the caterpillar fungus was actively gathered in Europe due to its value as a medicinal substance. The tensions and negotiations surrounding the caterpillar fungus before the end of the nineteenth century can be seen as a prelude to the reconstruction of Chinese materia medica in the first half of the twentiethcentury.

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Vlasenko, I. O., and L. L. Davtian. "AUDIT OF PACKAGED PRODUCTS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS ON THE PHARMACEUTICAL, MARKET OF UKRAINE." Fitoterapia 3, no. 3 (2021): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33617/2522-9680-2021-3-53.

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Key words: marketing, medicinal plants, herbal substances, dietary supplements, pharmacy, diabetes mellitus, pharmaceutical market of Ukraine Phytotherapy is an important part of the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus. The use of medicinal plants in complex therapy allows to reduce the dose of synthetic drugs, and it can be used as monotherapy. Today pharmacies offer a wide assortimets of medicinal plants. Considering the importance of treatment of diabetes, it is relevant to study the modern market of medicinal plants in Ukraine, which are used for the treatment and prevention of diabetes. The purpose of the work was to audit the assortment of packaged products of medicinal plants for the treatment and prevention of diabetes, which are available on the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine. Materials and methods. The literature data and the official sources of information were the material of the research. We used content analysis, marketing, graphic, comparative and summarizing analyzes. Conclusion. Considering manufacturers, type and packing weight of medicinal plants was found that the number of proposals is 310, while herbal substances, account for 42.3%. Various parts of plants (leaves, flowers, grass, shoots, fruits and so on) are used in phytotherapy for diabetes. The redundancy of assortment of medicinal plants by various domestic manufactures is observed. The herbal substances are packed in corton packs, and dietary supplements are packed in 1.5 g filter bags No. 20. Analysis of Summaries of product characteristics of herbal substances has shown that only part of them have information about therapeutic indication and pharmacological properties for treatment of diabetes. The lack of this information could be a problem for consultation by pharmacist.

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Kovaleva, E. L., V. V. Shelestova, L. N. Frolova, O. V. Bondarenko, O. B. Nikolaeva, and V. Yu Kuteynikov. "Current Requirements for the Degree of Fineness of Herbal Substances and Herbal Medicinal Products." Bulletin of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products 10, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 218–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/1991-2919-2020-10-4-218-227.

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The introduction of monographs on new types of herbal substances, which were not included in the previous editions of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (Ph. Rus.), and the introduction of the new powder dosage form of herbal medicinal products require alignment of requirements for the degree of fineness of medicinal products. The aim of the study was to compare Russian and foreign pharmacopoeial requirements for the degree of fineness of herbal substances and herbal medicinal products. The analysis demonstrated that in the case of cut herbal substances and powder, the Ph. Rus., XIV edition, establishes limits for the percent of particles that pass through and particles that are retained by a sieve with a specified pore diameter. In the case of whole herbal substances, the Ph. Rus. establishes limits for the percent of particles that pass through a sieve with a specified pore diameter. The monographs of the world leading pharmacopoeias include general requirements for the size of particles in all powders produced from chemically synthesized substances, as well as from naturally occurring and mineral substances, while individual monographs have no requirements for the degree of fineness of herbal substances. The national pharmacopoeias of the Eurasian Economic Union member states also include requirements for the degree of fineness of herbal substances, but they are not sufficient. The results of the analysis of the established limits demonstrate the need to change the controlled size of small and large particles for some types of herbal substances.

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Soares, Deyze Alencar, Luiz Henrique Rosa, Juliana Fonseca Moreira Da Silva, and Raphael Sanzio Pimenta. "A A review of bioactive compounds produced by endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants." Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi - Ciências Naturais 12, no. 3 (April 6, 2018): 331–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46357/bcnaturais.v12i3.83.

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Interest in exploring endophytic fungi has increased in recent years, especially those associated with medicinal plants, reflecting the great potential of these microorganisms for the production of bioactive substances. Medicinal plants shelter a high diversity of endophytes that represent targets for use in biotechnological processes. These fungi synthetize several compounds that can be used in pharmaceutical, agricultural and other industries. Additionally, endophytes produce many bioactive metabolites involved in host-endophyte symbiosis, such as those that increase resistance to stressful conditions, alter physiological properties, and produce phytohormones, toxins, antimicrobial compounds and medicinal substances, immunosuppressants, antitumoral agents, and other biotechnological substances of interest, such as enzymes. In this review, information regarding plant interactions with endophytes is highlighted, contributing to a better understanding of this association, benefits and potential for biotechnological utilization.

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Agafonov, A. F., N. S. Dudchenko, and N. A. Golubkina. "Perennial onion is a plant of nourishing and medicinal properties." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 1 (March 30, 2009): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2009-1-25-30.

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Vegetables are a source of vitamins, salts, acids, carbohydrates and biologically active substances which are necessary for human's vital function. Academician Pavlov I.V. asserted that life expectancy of human can be one third longer by daily consumption of fresh vegetable. The nourishing values of vegetables are composed not only of high content of carbohydrate and proteins, but also there is an extremely useful source of vitamins and ferments, microelements and biologically active substances. It should be mentioned that some of necessary substances can dissociate or transform under the thermal condition in another ones, sometime, not accessible chemical forms. Taking this into account the human's food must be enriched by vegetables that bring natural consistencies of substances. The perennial onion can be used as a vegetable with all these qualities.

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Grekhnyova, Elena V., Tatyana N. Kudryavtseva, Sergey A. Efanov, and Lyudmila G. Klimova. "Comparative Efficiency of Physical and Physicochemical Microencapsulation of some Medicinal Substances." Key Engineering Materials 899 (September 8, 2021): 701–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.899.701.

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Microencapsulation of drugs is used for a long time to improve their properties. It was carried out a comparative assessment of the physical and physicochemical methods of microencapsulation on the example of some drugs. The spray drying method was selected from the physical methods. Physicochemical method based on simple coacervation was implemented by changing the solvent. A study and comparison of the properties of the products were obtained by UV and IR spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, electron microscopy. It was carried out a comparative assessment of the release profile of the active substance from microcapsules obtained by various methods. Using the example of furacilin microcapsules has been shown an increase in the biological activity of substances encapsulated in water-soluble polymers. The particle size distribution was determined by analyzing their trajectories. The main advantages and disadvantages of the two investigated encapsulation methods are outlined.

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Minarchenko, V. M., and A. Yu Butko. "Study on domestic market of medicinal products of plant origin." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 1 (August 14, 2018): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.1.17.04.

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The popularity of herbal remedies and medicines, with the participation of biologically active substances from plants is traditionally high. The annual increase of the domestic market for herbal remedies is due to the preservation and modernization of production capacities for processing of medicinal vegetative raw materials in Ukraine, introduction of modern scientific developments, a large natural resource base of medicinal plants and attracting investments in the development of this industry. The aim of our work was the study of the domestic market of medicines of plant origin, which includes herbal remedies, substances and preparations with the participation of biologically active substances from plants. The object of the study was domestic medicines of plant origin that are registered in Ukraine for 2012–2017. The study used the analytical, statistical methods, and the results of its own resource studies of medicinal plants. Phytopharmaceutical market of Ukraine is actively developing due to the attraction of new types of medicinal plants and expanding the range of medicines. The number of domestic drugs with the participation of biologically active substances from plants has increased by 17.4% compared with 2014. It is established that as of 1 January 2017 in Ukraine was 1 141 the form of medicinal drugs of plant origin. Of them: 645 – domestic products, 496 – foreign. Most of the herbal drugs in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine are made from wild and cultivated domestic raw materials.

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Komissarenko, Anatoly A. "In Vivo Activity Of Medications In Different Dosage And Ultrahigh Dilutions." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 13, no. 47 (November 30, 2021): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v13i47.746.

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Biological activity of medical remedies varies depending on the dosage of the medicinal substance. As we analyze the results of the medicinal effect we can determine three areas of its effect. First of all, this is a therapeutic area where its dose-dependent medical effect is demonstrated. When a certain amount of drug in the body it exceeded this causes transition to the toxic area where every medicine causes certain pathological manifestations. Significant decrease of the drug dose demonstrates the area of no effect on the body. At the same time similar body reaction can be observed with homeopathic remedies in ultrahigh dilutions. Classical definition of a dose as an amount of substance introduced into the body is not suitable for homeopathic remedies that often donâ€™t have drug substance molecules at all. The presence of areas of different reaction is explained by the effect of electromagnetic wave emissions of drug substances. It is known that molecules of all medicinal substances have certain frequencies that come into resonance with different body structures, including genes that have similar oscillatory characteristics. This causes expression of certain genes and increase of their activities. Increase of an allopathic substance dose causes voltage increase it its wave and consequently an increase of the effect on the genes. However overdose causes hyperstimulation and exhaustion of the gene under expression and consequently pathological symptoms develop. On the other hand a dose too small cannot stimulate gene activity and this causes a lack of medical effect. As demonstrated by long-term studies, the activity of potentiated remedies (in ultrahigh dilutions) is related to development of coherence. Coherence is a phasic shift of the medicinal wave that occurs with potentiation of a remedy. As the potency is increased, every step, i.e. coherent wave shift decreases, thus increasing the probability of exact coincidence of the drug and gene waves and their contraposition to the wave of a xenobiotic. Wave shift by have the phase of a xenobiotic wave makes them opposite in terms of amplitude. They begin to damp each other and thus pathogenic effects of a xenobiotic are neutralized. In such a way, drug activity on the body is determined by wave characteristics of the medicinal substance molecules. Activity of allopathic medications depends on the dose, e.g. the number of drug substance molecules. Activity of homeopathic medications depends on the degree of their potentiation.

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MAR‘IN, A. A., and N. E. KOLOMIETS. "MEDICINAL PLANTS AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES WITH ANTIFUNGAL PROPERTIES." Fundamental and Clinical Medicine 2, no. 4 (December 2017): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.23946/2500-0764-2017-2-4-45-55.

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Hašek, Jan. "New medicinal substances in extemporaneous prescription, part 15 - polihexanide." Praktické lékárenství 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/lek.2017.007.

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M. Silva, Branca, Pedro F. Oliveira, Marco G. Alves, and Tania R. Dias. "Editorial: Bioactive Substances from Medicinal Plants for Metabolic Disorders." Current Medicinal Chemistry 24, no. 4 (March 2, 2017): 332–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986732404170302223350.

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Melnikova, Nina B., Olga N. Solovyova, and Evgeni N. Evgeni N. Kochetkov. "BIOMIMETIC APPROACHES TO STUDY OF PROPERTIES OF MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 62, no. 10 (October 29, 2019): 4–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196210.5917.

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The review is devoted to an assessment of the current level of use of biomimetic approaches to the study of the properties of known drugs and the development of new drugs. In this review, we consider the main biological functions of superoxide dismutase, namely the catalytic decomposition of toxic superoxide anion of oxygen to the molecular form of oxygen and protection against induced apoptosis. The biomimetic enzymes-Mn- and TEMPO-containing equivalents of superoxide dismutase SOD with antitumor and antioxidant activity were discussed more detail. The relationship between the properties and activity of SOD mimetics with their structure among them the nature of the anion and ligands, the coordination number, the geometry of the presence of conjugated bonds, and other parameters of the molecules. The study of the properties of Mn-SOD mimetics makes it possible to develop a new class of drugs successfully tested by in vivo and in vitro experiments and which are at the stages of clinical trials. Stable TEMPO radicals containing compounds are able to perform SOD functions, exhibiting antioxidant activity in relation not only to superoxide-anion, but also to peroxynitrile, and moreover to act as a spin label. The biomimetic membrane systems (monolayers, planar lipid bilayers, liposomes and other nano-sized objects) are discussed too for studying properties in in vitro experiments and for delivering potent and medicinal substances. The biomimetic approach combination allows to create the new promising drugs, including those based on SOD mimetics, and to develop the synthetic analogues of biologically active substances and methods of their delivery. The advantages of such dosage forms are lower toxicity of the preparations, lack of immunogenicity and a decrease in the dose of potent drugs.

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Mizuno, Takashi, Guanying Wang, Jie Zhang, Hirokazu Kawagishi, Tsuyoshi Nishitoba, and Jingxuan Li. "Reishi,Ganoderma lucidumandGanoderma tsugae: Bioactive substances and medicinal effects." Food Reviews International 11, no. 1 (February 1995): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87559129509541025.

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Mirkovic, Silvija. "Active substances in medicinal plants with application in stomatology." Serbian Dental Journal 49, no. 3-4 (2002): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0204101m.

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The purpose of this work was to present chemical structure and basic characteristics of some active substances in medical plants which are used in stomatology. Considering their chemical content and pharmacological effects, all active substances of herbal origin are divided in four groups tannins, flavonoids, aetheric oils and the group of herbal species which show immunostimulating effect. Tannins are active substances of medical plants whose function are primarily based on precipitation of proteins and are used for disinfection of skin and oral mucose as well as for haemostatic purposes. Flavonoids are herbal pigments. They work as diuretics, and in dentistry they could be used as antiinflammatory agents. Essential oils are part of herbal species and are used as korigens of taste and smell. For their antiseptic and disinfective effects, essential oils are used in dentistry as preparations like toothpastes, mouth wash and chewing-gums. Immunostimulators of herbal origin are especially interesting in the decreasing immunity treatment for their slight toxic characteristics.

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Zapesochnaya, G. G., V. A. Kurkin, V. P. Boiko, and V. K. Kolkhir. "Phenylpropanoids as promising biologically active substances from medicinal plants." Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal 29, no. 4 (April 1995): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02219555.

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Heydarirad, Ghazaleh, Seyed Mohammad Hasan Sadeghi, Seyed Mehdi Hosseini Khameneh, Mahmood Khodadoost, Mohammad Kamalinejad, Shirin Jafari, and Latif Gachkar. "Effects of Natural Substances on Healing of Long Bone Fractures: A Narrative Review of Traditional Persian Medicine." Galen Medical Journal 5, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v5i4.631.

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Fractures, especially leg fractures, are one of the most common problems in the world, and it causes a considerable economic and social burden for patients and societies. Orthopedic surgery plays the most important role in the treatment of fractures, but it is expensive and requires anesthesia which has a variety of side effects. Besides surgery and conventional treatments, it seems that the use of natural substances as complementary therapy can be useful. In Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) manuscripts, many diverse natural substances, especially medicinal herbs, are mentioned as useful medications for fracture healing. The aim of this study was to investigate medicinal plants and natural substances used in TPM as useful in fracture healing, by an overview of traditional knowledge as compared with new investigations. The main manuscripts of TPM, including the Canon of Medicine, Tohfat-ol-Moemenin, Exir-e–azam and Makhzan-ol-advieh, were assembled through a literature search, to select the substances used in fracture healing. Also, current evidence on related substances were studied through a search of Google Scholar and PubMed databases. In this study, eleven substances were identified and categorized into three groups: plants, animals, and minerals. The results of our study showed that the most cited substances were used due to their effects on fracture or wound healing, inflammations, and pain. This historical assessment can help in obtaining new data about natural substances for faster fracture healing, which may lead to subsequent opportunities to assess their potential medicinal use. [GMJ. 2016;5(4):165-72]

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Egorova, S. N. "Requirements for experimental approbation of medicinal cosmetics." Kazan medical journal 76, no. 6 (November 15, 1995): 470–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj90658.

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Cosmetic products (KS) are mass consumption products. They usually include biologically active substances (BAS): vitamins, plant extracts, enzymes, amino acids, antiseptics. The sale of cosmetic products containing biologically active substances is accompanied by advertising of their anti-inflammatory and regenerating effect on the skin, effectiveness against acne, dandruff and other conditions requiring medical intervention. Medical cosmetics (LC) and pharmaceutical dermatological preparations have different functional purposes. Requirements for medicinal products, in particular for pharmaco-toxicological, clinical research and quality control, are strictly regulated by the relevant instructions of the Pharmacological Committee and the State Pharmacopoeia. The effectiveness of the LA is not always evaluated, since it is intended only for cleaning and protecting the skin, skin and hair care, prophylactic action in case of a tendency to pathological conditions.

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Haddad, Moawiya A., Hanee Dmour, Ja'far M. Al-Khazaleh, Maher Obeidat, Amal Al-Abbadi, Ahmad N. Al-Shadaideh, Mohammad S. Al-mazra'awi, Mohamad A. Shatnawi, and Candela Iommi. "Herbs and Medicinal Plants in Jordan." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 103, no. 4 (April 25, 2020): 925–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaocint/qsz026.

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Abstract Background The presence of phenolic acids in edible products for human consumption is considered in relation to the production of odorant substances, with a variety of different aromas. Objective Phenolic substances anthocyanidins, anthocyanins, flavanols, flavones and isoflavones, flavones, flavonols, etc. – are extremely interesting as flavor additives, anti-aging or maturing agents, and color and aroma enhancers. Method The connection between flavoring properties on one hand and the presence of phenolic compounds on the other can be discussed in terms of food acceptance by consumers, especially with relation to the “Mediterranean Diet” lifestyle. Results The health perspectives of these and other food products related to Mediterranean Diet should be evaluated in the geographical ambit of the Mediterranean Basin, including several particular food and vegetable preparations – herbs and medicinal plants - of the Middle East. Conclusions The aim of this paper is to give a presentation on these specialties in relation to Jordan. Highlights Medicinal herbs have interesting health properties against digestive problems, parasitic worms, liver diseases, diabetes, skin problems, nervous, cardiocirculatory, and respiratory diseases.

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Mulat, Mulugeta, Fazlurrahman Khan, Gizachew Muluneh, and Archana Pandita. "Phytochemical Profile and Antimicrobial Effects of Different Medicinal Plant: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives." Current Traditional Medicine 6, no. 1 (January 8, 2020): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2215083805666190730151118.

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The application of medicinal plants for combating various human ailments, as a food fortificant and additive have been adapted from ancient routine custom. Currently, developing countries use plants as a major source of primary health care. Besides, the emerging drug resistant pathogenic microbes encourage the utilization of medicinal plants as preeminent alternative sources of new bioactive substances. Extensive research findings have been reported in the last three decades. But methods to investigate the phytoconstituent and their biological effects are limited. This review contains brief explanations about the selection of medicinal plants, procedure for obtaining the crude as well as essential oil extracts, phytochemical screening, and in-vitro evaluation of antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plant extracts reported from their respective solvent fractionated and non-fractionated in-vitro analysis has also been described in the present paper. The bioactive substances from medicinal plant along with chemical structure and biological effects are highlighted in the content.

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Pereira, M. M. A., L. C. Morais, E. A. Marques, A. D. Martins, V. P. Cavalcanti, F. A. Rodrigues, W. M. Gonçalves, A. F. Blank, M. Pasqual, and J. Dória. "Humic Substances and Efficient Microorganisms: Elicitation of Medicinal Plants—A Review." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 7 (May 31, 2019): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n7p268.

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In function of the green revolution the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals and pesticides in agriculture has been also shown in the production of medicinal plants, resulting in the increase of productivity but with high residual contamination and low rates in the production of secondary metabolites responsible for the biological and pharmacological activity in vegetable drugs. In another hand, new techniques of elicitation has been applied to stimulate the medicinal plants production through the organic and agroecological management, contributing for the increase of performance, quality and production. In this context, it is aimed with this review to present such as the humic substances: fulvic acid, humic acid and efficient microorganisms which influence and help the ontogeny and the secondary metabolites production of medicinal plants. The reviewed articles show that the use of fulvic acid, humic acid and efficient microorganisms in the production of medicinal plants contributes on the increase of biosynthesis, secondary metabolites production such as coumarins, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids and essential oils, as well as the increase of nutrients absorption, growth and development of species.

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Chebyshev, N. V., A. V. Strelyaeva, D. I. Lezhava, A. N. Luferov, N. V. Bobkova, N. V. Kartashova, and R. M. Kuznetsov. "Investigation of Walnut Herbal Drug Raw Material." Drug development & registration 8, no. 4 (November 26, 2019): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2019-8-4-38-46.

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Introduction. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a medicinal plant containing a large number of biologically active substances. A number of authors propose to use walnut leaves as medicinal raw materials, in which juglone, flavonoids, tannins, ascorbic acid and other substances are identified. Currently, a standardization technique for this type of raw material has been developed and proposed. However, the medicinal plant walnut can be a source of other types of raw materials, such as milky-waxed walnuts, walnut bark, and walnut partitions. These types of medicinal raw materials contain a large number of biologically active substances and have a great potential for pharmacological activity. Therefore, the study with the subsequent standardization of medicinal plant material of walnut fruits in the stage of milk-wax ripeness and walnut bark is relevant.Aim. The aim of the study is to study the external signs, microscopy of raw walnut bark and walnut fruit in the stage of milky-wax ripeness and chemical composition of alcohol extract from these types of raw materials.Materials and methods. Chromato-mass spectrometry and TLC were used in the work.Results and discussion. When describing external signs and microscopy, diagnostic signs of both whole and crushed raw materials, and powder of walnut bark, and fruits of walnut in the stage of milky-wax ripeness were revealed. Alcohol extract obtained from medicinal plant raw materials walnut bark is a clear brown liquid. Alcohol extract obtained from medicinal plant raw materials of walnut fruit at the stage of milky-wax ripeness is a transparent, green-brown liquid with a fragrant odor.Conclusion. Gallic acid was identified by TLC in walnut bark. Chromato-mass spectrometry in alcohol extraction from the fruit of walnut in the stage of milky-wax maturity was able to identify 17 compounds belonging to different classes of biologically active substances. Sugars, flavonoids, coumarin phenolic compounds, organic acids were identified. In alcoholic extraction from the bark of a walnut, marker compounds have been determined, the combination of which makes it possible to quickly identify this type of raw material using chromatography-mass spectrometry.

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Golyak, N. S. "TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF DRUGS AND ITS ROLE IN THERAPY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES." Emergency Cardiology and Cardiovascular Risks 4, no. 2 (2020): 1057–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.51922/2616-633x.2020.4.2.1057.

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Introduction. Transdermal delivery of medicinal substances is based on the penetration of the active pharmaceutical ingredient through the intact skin, its further entry into the systemic bloodstream and, thereafter, to the target organ. Currently, gels, ointments, emulsions and transdermal therapeutic systems (transdermal patches) are used as transdermal agents. Transdermal patches are able to provide a target constant concentration of medicinal substances in blood plasma for a long time (from 1 to 7 days). Transdermal delivery has a number of advantages: increased bioavailability of medicinal substances due to the elimination of losses associated with metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract and in the liver; reducing the risk of adverse reactions which can be caused by leveling of concentration jumps of the medicinal substances in the blood; painlessness and convenience; possibility to change the dose by varying the area of the patch and the duration of use; possibility to stop the treatment at any time, etc. For patients with chronic diseases requiring constant repeated oral administration of drugs, suffering from dysphagia and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the transdermal route of administration is the most optimal. In some cases, when the patient is unconscious, suffers from sclerosis, or has impaired vital functions (for example, the ability to breathe and swallow independently), transdermal delivery is optimal and in some cases is the only alternative. Purpose. To analyze the current range of drugs for transdermal delivery, to assess the role and prospects of using transdermal delivery in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Methods. The search for literary data was carried out using the PubMed and Google search engines among Russian - and English-language original articles. The search of registered drugs in the form of transdermal patches was carried out using drugs registries of the United States and other countries. When searching, the terms «transdermal delivery», «transdermal patch», «bisoprolol», «clopidogrel», «transdermal delivery», «transdermal patch» were used. Conclusion. In the global pharmaceutical market, transdermal delivery is used for a limited number of medicinal substances of different pharmacotherapeutic groups, of which only three medicinal substances (nitroglycerin, clonidine, bisoprolol) are used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Many attempts have been made to obtain and evaluate transdermal patches with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, antiplatelet agents used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, but the volume of these studies is insufficient for registration and clinical use.

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Bondarev, A. V., and E. T. Zhilyakova. "USE OF SORPTION PROCESSES IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS." Pharmacy & Pharmacology 7, no. 1 (March 12, 2019): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2019-7-1-4-12.

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The aimof this research is the review of scientific and technical literature regarding possibility of using sorption processes in the technology of drug delivery systems.Materials and methods. The materials are the following electronic resources: eLIBRARY, CyberLeninka, PubMed. The methods of review are analysis and synthesis. The study covers the scientific literature from 1996 up to the present time.Results.Sorbents are used as carriers for various medicinal peroral substances, they are also dispensers of various compounds in the form of polymeric eye films and stents in the human body. The delivery of medicinal substances occurs with the help of sorption processes of mass transfer. Currently, the following medical substances are used as carriers for medicinal substances: activated carbon, mineral sorbents (medical clays, synthetic sorbents), polymers and their biosimilars. 6 groups of pharmaceutical substances are registered for the production of enterosorbents in Russia and they can be used as sorbent carriers in the sorption drug system. They are: activated carbon, colloidal silicon dioxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dioctahedral smectite, polymethylsiloxane polyhydrate. As a result of the study, the model of the sorption drug system has been developed. It consists of sorbent carrier, active pharmaceutical ingredient and excipients that provide the desorption. Desorption of the active pharmaceutical ingredient may contribute to its modified release. The technology for obtaining sorption medicinal systems requires further study and development of modeling methods, searching for experimental pharmacological models and technological methods, which make it possible to obtain sorption dosage form with modified release.Conclusion.The review of the sorption processes used in the technology of drug delivery systems has been carried out. The model of the sorption drug system has been developed.

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Stamate, Monica Cretan, and Ciprian Stamate. "Tribological Analysis and Optimization of Polymer Prosthetic Components as Drug Delivery Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 332 (July 2013): 521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.332.521.

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This paper analyzes the tribological properties of a polymer prosthetic component, which was optimized by coating polymer layers containing medicinal substances. Polymer component is made of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (uhmwpe) and is used in prosthetic hip replacement for acetabular cup with a metal component of cobalt-chromium alloy molybdenum. Polymer surface was covered with a layer of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel superporos containing the drug substance ketoprofen-cyclodextrin complex. Studies consisted in evaluating drug substance release during 12 hours and tribological evaluation of polymer surface in simulated physiological conditions using cetr-umt-2 device.

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Feldzensztajn, Mateusz, Paweł Wierzba, and Adam Mazikowski. "Examination of Spectral Properties of Medicinal Plant Leaves Grown in Different Lighting Conditions Based on Mint Cultivation." Sensors 21, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 4122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124122.

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Cultivation in controlled environmental conditions can provide good quality medicinal herbs with consistent properties. A sensing system that can determine the contents of medicinal substances in plants using spectral characteristics of leaves would be a valuable tool. Viability of such sensing approach for mint had to be confirmed experimentally, as no data correlating contents of medicinal substances with spectral characteristics of leaves are available, to the best of authors’ knowledge. In the first stage, presented in this paper, the influence of lighting on mint (Mentha rotundifolia) grown on a small hydroponic plantation was studied. Spectral characteristics of leaves were recorded by a spectrophotometer and colorimetric analysis was used to investigate the relationship between these characteristics and the spectrum of lighting. Dry mass yield was measured to test its dependence on the lighting. Dependence of chromaticity of leaves on the spectrum of light used in the cultivation was confirmed. Averaged spectra of leaves are distinguishable using a spectrophotometer and—in most cases—by a human observer. A partial correlation is observed between dry mass yield and the spectrum of lighting. Obtained results justify further research into the correlation between lighting and the contents of biological substances in medicinal plants using spectral characteristics of leaves.

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Taube, A. A. "Aspects of the safe use of medicinal products based on medicinal plant materials in COVID-19." Real-World Data & Evidence 2, no. 1 (March 22, 2022): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37489/2782-3784-myrwd-9.

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According to a number of studies, medicinal plants and drugs based on them can be used as inhibitors of various viral infections, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus at different stages of their manifestation and development. In a number of countries, official recommendations have been developed for independent and auxiliary therapy of COVID-19 with medicinal plants and drugs based on them. However, in combination with drugs developed for the treatment of COVID-19, various interactions, including adverse ones, may occur.Purpose: to systematize and analyze data on possible interactions of medicinal plants and natural biologically active substances, which are major active substances in plant raw materials, with medicinal products recommended for the treatment of COVID-19.Materials and methods. The study selected drugs recommended for the treatment of COVID-19 at various stages and severity with different mechanisms of action. We used open information on confirmed drug interactions on the website of the international database https://go.drugbank.com/. Results and discussion. The results of possible interactions with the following medicinal plants were revealed: St. John’s wort, Digitalis, Periwinkle, Colchicum, Cinchona, Strophant, Ergot, Pepper, Lemon, Coffee, Tea, Yohimbe tree, Garlic, Evening primrose, Poppy opium, Rauwolfia serpentine.Conclusion. The drugs used for the treatment of COVID-19 of different anatomical and therapeutic groups are considered, possible changes in their therapeutic efficacy are identified when taken simultaneously with medicinal plants or biologically active substances of plant origin contained in food and nutritional supplements. It is shown that not all interactions may be undesirable. The effect of medicinal plants on the pharmacokinetics of drugs has not been studied enough and seems to be an important and promising aspect of pharmacovigilance activities. Interesting interactions have been identified: St. John’s wort and drugs based on it can cause the induction of CYP3A and reduce the therapeutic effect when used together with drugs: lopinavir, remdesivir, umifenovir, nirmatrelvir; the cardiotoxic effect of interferon can be reduced through the use of medicinal plant materials containing cardiac glycosides; the combination of ferulic acid with peginterferon alfa-2a increases the risk and severity of bleeding. It was found that the Drugbank database does not contain information on drug-drug interactions of medicinal plants with molnupiravir.

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Dubinskaya, V. A., S. G. Skuridin, N. A. Polyakov, Yu M. Evdokimov, and V. A. Bykov. "In vitro investigation of biologically active substances and medicinal preparations." New Biotechnology 25 (September 2009): S368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.905.

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Hao, G., and Q. Zhang. "Progress of medicinal plant-derived active substances for Alzheimer's disease." Drugs of the Future 40, no. 7 (2015): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1358/dof.2015.40.7.2374837.

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Park, Jun-Hyoung. "Exchanges of Medical Knowledge and Medicinal Substances of Ancient Korea." Journal of Korean Ancient History 102 (June 30, 2021): 135–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37331/jkah.2021.06.102.135.

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