Дисертації: "Medical Internet of Things"

1

Poggi, Giovanni. "Internet of Medical Things." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.

Анотація:

In questa tesi, si partirà con un'introduzione generale all'Internet of Things focalizzando l'attenzione sulla struttura generale dell'architettura ed il suo funzionamento di base in una rete con molti altri dispositivi. Seguirà l'analisi del trend di questa tecnologia e la sua evoluzione nel tempo, con particolare attenzione all'architettura ed al suo successo ai giorni nostri. Verrà discussa l'industrializzazione che ha portato alla creazione delle Industrie 4.0, ovvero l'Internet of Things in ambito sensoristica applicato all'industria, alla robotica, ai Big Data che si occupano dell'archiviazione, all'acquisizione e all'analisi dei dati provenienti dai vari dispositivi, ai sistemi ciberfisici, alla connessione di tutti questi oggetti tra loro per la comunicazione e lo scambio delle informazioni ed infine alla realtà aumentata per il supporto nei vari processi industriali. Questi macroargomenti saranno lo spunto per introdurre il concetto di Internet of Medical Things. Con una breve panoramica sugli ospedali al giorno d'oggi, si vuol proporre una nuova concezione di ospedale dove vengono poste al centro dell'attenzione le esigenze del paziente e del personale medico, trattando nello specifico le tecnologie impiegate, i processi chirurgici, clinici e l’erogazione delle prestazioni sanitarie. Il discorso seguirà focalizzando l'attenzione anche su ambienti della medicina come la chirurgia, introducendo un luogo in cui migliaia di dispositivi connessi alla rete comunicano tra di loro. Si vedranno anche tutte le eventuali criticità e le varie sfide che bisognerà risolvere ed intraprendere per arrivare ad un corretto ed efficiente passaggio agli odierni ospedali concepiti per essere ospedali 4.0. Si concluderà con una riflessione su tutte queste tecnologie e la rivoluzione in ambito medico che promette cambiamenti che porteranno al nuovo concetto di Ospedale 4.0 su un’ottica di Internet of Medical Things.

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2

Chisanga, Fredrick. "Medical application of the Internet of Things (IoT): prototyping a telemonitoring system." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27940.

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Анотація:

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technological paradigm that can be perceived as an evolution of the internet. It is a shift from the traditional way of connecting devices to the internet, both in number and diversity of connected devices. This significant and marked growth in the number and diversity of devices connected to the internet has prompted a rethink of approaches to interconnect devices. The growth in the number of connected devices is driven by emerging applications and business models and supported by falling device costs while the growth in the diversity is driven by the reduction in the cost of manufacturing these devices. This has led to an increase in the number of users (not limited to people) of the internet. According to statistics by the ITU, by the end of 2015, about 3.2 billion people were using the Internet. Significantly, 34% of households in developing countries had Internet access, with more than 80% of households in developed countries. This indicates that it is realistic to leverage the IoT in living spaces. Appreciating this potential, many sectors of society are already positioning themselves to reap the benefits of this great promise. Hence the health sector would do well to adopt this technological paradigm to enhance service delivery. One specific area where the health sector can benefit from the adoption of the IoT is in telemonitoring and the associated early response to medical emergencies. Statistics and research show that there are areas in the medical field, that still need improvement to enhance service delivery. The Nursing Times has summed up these areas into four categories. The first one is a need to have a regular observation of patients and their vital signs. Here, health service providers (SPs) need to adopt creative and non-obtrusive methods that will encourage patients' participation in the monitoring of these vital signs. As much as possible, vital signs readings should be taken at convenient locations and times. Therefore, devices that have consistent internet access and are usually a part of daily life for most patients, such as the mobile phones would prove to be a key enabler of regular observation of vital signs. Furthermore, miniaturization of the vital signs monitoring or sensing devices would be a key step towards realizing this scenario. A lot of work is already being done to miniaturize these devices and make them as much a part of daily life as possible, as evidenced by advancements in the field of fitness and wearables. To map this use to the medical field, a system needs to be created that would allow for the aggregation of these disparate measuring and monitoring devices with medical information management systems. The second potential area of improvement is in the early recognition of deterioration of the patients. With regular observation of patients, it is possible to recognize deterioration at its early stage. Taking cognizance of the different needs of the various stakeholders is important to achieve the intended results. The third potential area of improvement is in the communication among stakeholders. This has to do with identifying the relevant data that must be delivered to the stakeholders during the monitoring and management process. Lastly, effective response to medical concerns is the other potential area of improvement. It is noted that patients do not generally get the right response at the right time because the information does not reach the rightly qualified personnel in good time. The regular and real-time capture of vital signs data coupled with added analytics can enable IoT SPs to design solutions that automate the management and transmission of medical data in a timely manner. This work addresses how the medical sector can adopt IoT-based solutions to improve service delivery, while utilizing existing resources such as smartphones, for the transmission and management of vital signs data, availing it to stakeholders and improve communication among them. It develops a telemonitoring system based on IoT design approaches. The developed system captures readings of vital signs from monitoring devices, processes and manages this data to serve the needs of the various stakeholders. Additionally, intelligence was added to enable the system to interpret the data and make decisions that will help medical practitioners and other stakeholders (patients, caregivers, etc.) to more timely, consistently and reliably provide and receive medical services/assistance. Two end user applications were developed. A cloud-based web application developed using PHP, HTML, and JavaScript and an Android mobile application developed using Java programming language in Android studio. An ETSI standards-compliant M2M middleware is used to aggregate the system using M2M applications developed in Python. This is to leverage the benefits of the standards-compliant middleware while offering flexibility in the design of applications. The developed system was evaluated to assess whether it meets the requirements and expectations of the various stakeholders. Finally, the performance of the proposed telemonitoring system was studied by analyzing the delay on the delivery of messages (local notifications, SMS, and email) to various stakeholders to assess the contribution towards reducing the overall time of the cardiac arrest chain of survival. The results obtained showed a marked improvement (over 28 seconds) on previous work. In addition to improved performance in monitoring and management of vital signs, telemonitoring systems have a potential of decongesting health institutions and saving time for all the stakeholders while bridging most of the gaps discussed above. The captured data can also provide the health researchers and physicians with most of the prerequisite data to effectively execute predictive health thereby improving service delivery in the health sector.

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3

Sayeed, Md Abu. "Epileptic Seizure Detection and Control in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) Framework." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703334/.

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Epilepsy affects up to 1% of the world's population and approximately 2.5 million people in the United States. A considerable portion (30%) of epilepsy patients are refractory to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and surgery can not be an effective candidate if the focus of the seizure is on the eloquent cortex. To overcome the problems with existing solutions, a notable portion of biomedical research is focused on developing an implantable or wearable system for automated seizure detection and control. Seizure detection algorithms based on signal rejection algorithms (SRA), deep neural networks (DNN), and neighborhood component analysis (NCA) have been proposed in the IoMT framework. The algorithms proposed in this work have been validated with both scalp and intracranial electroencephalography (EEG, icEEG), and demonstrate high classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The occurrence of seizure can be controlled by direct drug injection into the epileptogenic zone, which enhances the efficacy of the AEDs. Piezoelectric and electromagnetic micropumps have been explored for the use of a drug delivery unit, as they provide accurate drug flow and reduce power consumption. The reduction in power consumption as a result of minimal circuitry employed by the drug delivery system is making it suitable for practical biomedical applications. The IoMT inclusion enables remote health activity monitoring, remote data sharing, and access, which advances the current healthcare modality for epilepsy considerably.

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4

Urbini, Elia. "Sviluppo di sistemi interoperabili nell’ambito di internet of medical things basati su standard fhir: un caso di studio." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24307/.

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L'Internet of Things (IoT) sta cambiando le nostre vite in un modo mai immaginato prima. A differenza del paradigma tradizionale, nel mondo dell'IoT tutte le cose sono considerate come oggetti intelligenti, i quali sono connessi l'uno con l'altro. Spaziando dagli elettrodomestici intelligenti alle città intelligenti, l'IoT ha anche aperto una nuova sfida nel settore sanitario, chiamata Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). Essa gioca un ruolo fondamentale nell'aggiornamento degli ospedali verso il modello di smart hospital. I dispositivi usati nell'IoMT sono generalmente interoperabili e possono essere connessi a un unico sistema scalabile quando appartengono allo stesso venditore. Questa dipendenza, tuttavia, presenta un collo di bottiglia in quasi tutti gli scenari di utilizzo pratico a causa di una vasta gamma di sensori e strumenti medici utilizzati in ambito ospedaliero al giorno d'oggi. Data la sua massima importanza, l'interoperabilità rimane al centro di numerose ricerche recenti. Quindi, partendo da questa criticità, l'obiettivo di questa tesi è di fare una proposta di integrazione efficace per il progetto Tracking for Care (T4C), in collaborazione con AUSL della Romagna e Ospedale Bufalini, e in particolare del dispositivo monitor a parametri vitali.

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5

Sundaravadivel, Prabha. "Application-Specific Things Architectures for IoT-Based Smart Healthcare Solutions." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157532/.

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Human body is a complex system organized at different levels such as cells, tissues and organs, which contributes to 11 important organ systems. The functional efficiency of this complex system is evaluated as health. Traditional healthcare is unable to accommodate everyone's need due to the ever-increasing population and medical costs. With advancements in technology and medical research, traditional healthcare applications are shaping into smart healthcare solutions. Smart healthcare helps in continuously monitoring our body parameters, which helps in keeping people health-aware. It provides the ability for remote assistance, which helps in utilizing the available resources to maximum potential. The backbone of smart healthcare solutions is Internet of Things (IoT) which increases the computing capacity of the real-world components by using cloud-based solutions. The basic elements of these IoT based smart healthcare solutions are called "things." Things are simple sensors or actuators, which have the capacity to wirelessly connect with each other and to the internet. The research for this dissertation aims in developing architectures for these things, focusing on IoT-based smart healthcare solutions. The core for this dissertation is to contribute to the research in smart healthcare by identifying applications which can be monitored remotely. For this, application-specific thing architectures were proposed based on monitoring a specific body parameter; monitoring physical health for family and friends; and optimizing the power budget of IoT body sensor network using human body communications. The experimental results show promising scope towards improving the quality of life, through needle-less and cost-effective smart healthcare solutions.

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6

Nan, Yucen. "High-Credibility Edge Analytic System for Early Medical Intervention." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27309.

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The tremendous upsurge in the size of datasets has started gaining momentum a decade ago in science, finance, and every slice of our everyday life. The same scenario of the data volume explosion also arose in medical healthcare, and the elaborate management and exhaustive exploration of these heterogeneous data play important roles in modern medical care services. Traditional healthcare systems have been unable to cope with this complicated situation. After the popularity of digitized medical records and the evolution of the worldwide network interconnection, cloud computing has been proposed and successfully applied in healthcare with its advantages in competitive advantages, information sharing, and dynamic resources. However, along with the growing aspiration of patients, it is inevitable to gradually reform the structure of the healthcare system from the hospital-oriented centralized healthcare system to the patient-oriented distributed mobile healthcare systems (also termed as mHealth). Moreover, IoT (Internet of Things) provides an efficient and structured way to implement distributed patient-oriented mHealth systems, which inevitably leads to the exponential generation of medical data. To better adapt to the requirements (like time and energy consumption) of mHealth, edge computing has emerged as an effective implementation to complement and improve mobile healthcare systems supported by cloud computing. It is a big step to make healthcare systems more sensitive and flexible. Establishing the edge-based smart healthcare system is one of the best methods to alleviate the gigantic press on public medical care. This thesis aims to present the high-credibility edge analytic system for early medical intervention, covering every stage of the entire medical IoT ecosystem, which can be applied to non-specific or general disease treatments. This thesis summarizes the open issues for each stage within the system and further proposes corresponding solutions: from multi-view learning to improve learning performance to the implementation of interpretable results for medical prediction and analysis in conjunction with the outbreak of the COVID-19. And finally, under the consideration of the entire system architecture, security is guaranteed vertically interpretable analysis of edge distributed computing. These works cover almost all stages of the entire medical IoT ecosystem. We have given a variety of practical application scenarios and obtained the corresponding expected results through detailed and feasible experiments.

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7

Maioli, Edoardo. "Internet of Medical Things e Sviluppo di Sistemi Interoperabili basati su Standard FHIR: Un caso di studio basato sull'integrazione di un Dispositivo EGA." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24306/.

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Анотація:

Ci troviamo in un mondo in costante cambiamento ed evoluzione, in particolar modo nel settore informatico. È proprio in questo continuo processo di evoluzione che spicca l’IoT ovvero Interent Of Things (Internet delle cose). Oggetti, anche di tutti i giorni, collegati ad Internet capaci di scambiarsi messaggi e di comunicare tra loro. Kevin Ashton, pioniere dell’IoT, dice che questa sarà la prossima rivoluzione tecnologica come lo è stato a suo tempo Internet. Tuttavia, come sarà discusso in questa tesi, alcuni ambiti di applicazione dell’IoT come il sistema medico ed ospedaliero non sono ancora del tutto uniformati ma anzi, presentano vari ostacoli nell’ottica di un sistema interoperabile ed intelligente. Per quanto riguarda quest’ultimo caso si parla di Internet of Medical Things(IoMT), Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT) o ancora Medicina 4.0 (QuartaRivoluzione Industraile in ambito medico). Possiamo pensare ad un ospedale con vari dispositivi capaci di condividere dati ed informazioni tra loro e di mettere adisposizione questi dati in tempo reale al personale sanitario e al paziente anche a distanza.

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8

Чеботарьова, Д. В., та Я. В. Юр’єв. "Бездротова мережа як засіб зв’язку для пристоїв медичного інтернету речей". Thesis, ФОП Петров В. В, 2021. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/18671.

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Анотація:

Метою доповіді є застосування бездротових мереж для пристроїв медичного інтернету речей. Пропонується використання різноманітних «розумних» пристроїв та датчиків для пацієнтів, які можуть на відстані вести моніторинг необхідних параметрів стану здоров’я і сповіщати лікаря про небажані зміни.

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9

Dellgren, Emelie. "A case study on how the Apple Watch can benefit medical heart research." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-211493.

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The medical health industry is entering a new era and technology will play a great role in this area. Equipment in hospitals is in many cases strictly dependent on technology that works. However, technology in the medical health industry will maybe become a bigger part of our private lifestyle. This lifestyle includes digital health apps, wearables and devices that track your daily physical routines with “Internet of things”. These ways of keeping track of your health can be used for private purposes, but also to complement medical studies with clinical results. This thesis will focus on how wearables can complement a medical study where patients with severe heart failure will use the smartwatch Apple Watch. This smartwatch will collect data on patients daily physical activity pattern and thereafter analyze this data in order to find activity patterns. This thesis intends to answer the questions How can wearables such as the Apple Watch benefit medical heart research? and what makes the Apple Watch a suitable wearable for the medical study at Lund’s University Hospital? Interviews were therefore held with medical heart researchers and addressed the purpose of the medical study and their choice of wearable. Thereafter, a examination of the Apple Watch was conducted and it together with the interview indicated that the Apple Watch in fact is a suitable wearable. Finally, an exportation process where data from the Apple Watch was done where the exported data then was decoded in Microsoft Excel. The purpose of this was to examine statements that were revealed in the interview. That being said, the thesis came to the conclusion that the Apple Watch contributes a lot when mixing complementing data from wearables with clinical records. Another conclusion was that this tracking device was suitable for the medical study. In what extension the Apple Watch is suitable, is yet unclear since the medical study is in need of further patients and research where one compares wearables against each other.

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10

Wu, Longfei. "Designing Effective Security and Privacy Schemes for Wireless Mobile Devices." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/469736.

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Анотація:

Computer and Information Science
Ph.D.
The growing ubiquity of modern wireless and mobile electronic devices has brought our daily lives with more convenience and fun. Today's smartphones are equipped with a variety of sensors and wireless communication technologies, which can support not only the basic functions like phone call and web browsing, but also advanced functions like mobile pay, biometric security, fitness monitoring, etc. Internet-of-Things (IoT) is another category of popular wireless devices that are networked to collect and exchange data. For example, the smart appliances are increasingly deployed to serve in home and office environments, such as smart thermostat, smart bulb, and smart meter. Additionally, implantable medical devices (IMD) is the typical type of modern wireless devices that are implanted within human body for diagnostic, monitoring, and therapeutic purposes. However, these modern wireless and mobile devices are not well protected compared with traditional personal computers (PCs), due to the intrinsic limitations in computation power, battery capacity, etc. In this dissertation, we first present the security and privacy vulnerabilities we discovered. Then, we present our designs to address these issues and enhance the security of smartphones, IoT devices, and IMDs. For smartphone security, we investigate the mobile phishing attacks, mobile clickjacking attacks and mobile camera-based attacks. Phishing attacks aim to steal private information such as credentials. We propose a novel anti-phishing scheme MobiFish, which can detect both phishing webpages and phishing applications (apps). The key idea is to check the consistency between the claimed identity and the actual identity of a webpage/app. The claimed identity can be extracted from the screenshot of login user interface (UI) using the optical character recognition (OCR) technique, while the actual identity is indicated by the secondary-level domain name of the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) to which the credentials are submitted. Clickjacking attacks intend to hijack user inputs and re-route them to other UIs that are not supposed to receive them. To defend such attacks, a lightweight and independent detection service is integrated into the Android operating system. Our solution requires no user or app developer effort, and is compatible with existing commercial apps. Camera-based attacks on smartphone can secretly capture photos or videos without the phone user's knowledge. One advanced attack we discovered records the user's eye movements when entering passwords. We found that it is possible to recover simple passwords from the video containing user eye movements. Next, we propose an out-of-band two-factor authentication scheme for indoor IoT devices (e.g., smart appliances) based on the Blockchain infrastructure. Since smart home environment consists of multiple IoT devices that may share their sensed data to better serve the user, when one IoT device is being accessed, our design utilizes another device to conduct a secondary authentication over an out-of-band channel (light, acoustic, etc.), to detect if the access requestor is a malicious external device. Unlike smartphones and IoT devices, IMDs have the most limited computation and battery resources. We devise a novel smartphone-assisted access control scheme in which the patient's smartphone is used to delegate the heavy computations for authentication and authorization. The communications between the smartphone and the IMD programmer are conducted through an audio cable, which can resist the wireless eavesdropping and other active attacks.
Temple University--Theses

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11

Lu, Andy. "Forensic analysis on wireless medical devices." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2022. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2541.

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The number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is forecast to grow to over 25 billion by 2030, with the healthcare IoT market projected to grow to 25.9% of IoT devices by 2028 worldwide. However, with new and growing technologies come new types of risks. Current risk assessment and risk management methods haven’t been designed to anticipate or predict these risks. IoT risks relate to openness and lack of standardisation, linking and connectivity between the devices and the lack of skilled support for IoT devices and networks. These factors put medical IoT devices and, by extension, their users at risk from cyber threats. Additionally, the attack surface for the medical IoT has not been fully mapped, nor have the risks been fully assessed. The lack of coverage means increased risk for manufacturers, medical facilities, and potentially, patients. This project evaluates the effectiveness of how new and emerging wireless and connected medical devices can be managed and analysed through a digital forensic framework. An initial analysis of the currently available frameworks showed that they did not address the nuances of implementing a wireless or connected medical device into a healthcare organisation. Digital forensic frameworks that were deemed relevant to wireless medical devices were selected and tested against several currently available wireless medical devices. Four frameworks were tested across four devices each. The outcome was that none of the frameworks was fully able to effectively manage wireless medical devices (at least in terms of the objectives of digital forensics), with each missing elements that would aid an investigator or a hospital organisation in the case of a cyber-related incident. These results led to the synthesis and testing of a framework that addressed the missing elements. The framework emphasises forensic readiness planning and risk management. The synthesised framework was tested against a new device. The results of the test found that the synthesised framework was effective in both the proactive digital forensics approach and reactive approach. The testing found that the framework performed better than the other tested frameworks, containing additional phases and steps that were advantageous in preparing and reacting to incidents involving wireless medical devices.

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12

Olokodana, Ibrahim Latunde. "Kriging Methods to Exploit Spatial Correlations of EEG Signals for Fast and Accurate Seizure Detection in the IoMT." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707311/.

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Epileptic seizure presents a formidable threat to the life of its sufferers, leaving them unconscious within seconds of its onset. Having a mortality rate that is at least twice that of the general population, it is a true cause for concern which has gained ample attention from various research communities. About 800 million people in the world will have at least one seizure experience in their lifespan. Injuries sustained during a seizure crisis are one of the leading causes of death in epilepsy. These can be prevented by an early detection of seizure accompanied by a timely intervention mechanism. The research presented in this dissertation explores Kriging methods to exploit spatial correlations of electroencephalogram (EEG) Signals from the brain, for fast and accurate seizure detection in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) using edge computing paradigms, by modeling the brain as a three-dimensional spatial object, similar to a geographical panorama. This dissertation proposes basic, hierarchical and distributed Kriging models, with a deep neural network (DNN) wrapper in some instances. Experimental results from the models are highly promising for real-time seizure detection, with excellent performance in seizure detection latency and training time, as well as accuracy, sensitivity and specificity which compare well with other notable seizure detection research projects.

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13

Jagtap, Vinayak. "Cyber Physical System for Continuous Evaluation of Fall Risks to Enable Aging-In-Place." Digital WPI, 2015. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/508.

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Every year, one out of three adults over the age of 65 falls, and about 30% of the falls result in moderate to severe injuries. The high rate of fall-related hospitalizations and the fact that falls are a major source of morbidity and mortality in older adults have motivated extensive interdisciplinary clinical and engineering research with a focus on fall prevention. This research is aimed at developing a medical Cyber Physical System (CPS) composed of a human supervised mobile robot and ambient intelligence sensors to provide continuous evaluation of environmental risks in the home. As a preventive measure to avoid falls, we propose use of mobile robots to detect possible fall risks inside a house. As a step-up to that, we also define a control framework for intelligent, networked mobile robots to semi-autonomously perform assistive and preventive tasks. This framework is integrated in a smart home that provides monitoring and control capabilities of environmental conditions such as objects blocking pathways or uneven surfaces. The main outcome of this work is the realization of this system at Worcester Polytechnic Institute's (WPI) @Home testbed.

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14

Ingabire, Paula. "Convergence of eco-system technologies : potential for hybrid electronic health record (EHR) systems combining distributed ledgers and the Internet of Medical Things towards delivering value-based Healthcare." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118548.

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Анотація:

Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 64-66).
The Healthcare industry, just like any industry, is constantly racing to stay abreast with pace of technological innovations, especially at such a time where the industry is experiencing a strain on the global healthcare infrastructure. Specifically, the evolution of record management systems in the healthcare system has taken a slow and gradual transformation with each stage of transformation carrying over certain aspects and functions of previous stages. A survey of record management practices reveals that record management begun with paper-based records that have since partially been replaced with centralized Electronic Health Records (EHR). With the advent of Electronic Health Records enabled by distributed ledgers, we continue to see the inclusion of traditional paper-based functions beyond centralized EHR functions. Electronic data sharing in the healthcare ecosystem is constrained by interoperability challenges with different providers choosing to implement systems that respond to increasing their productivity. Prioritizing a patient-focused strategy during implementation of EHRs forces providers to implement systems that are more interoperable. A system engineering approach was adopted to guide the development and valuation of candidate architectures from Stakeholder analysis to concept generation and enumeration. Nine (9) key design decisions were selected with their combinations yielding 512 feasible hybrid architectures. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid EHR solution combining distributed ledger technologies and Internet of Medical Things, which contributes towards providing value-based healthcare. Leveraging properties of distributed ledgers and IoMT, the hybrid solution interconnects various data sources for health records to provide real-time record creation and monitoring whilst enabling data sharing and management in a secure manner.
by Paula Ingabire.
S.M. in Engineering and Management

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15

Olsson, Joel, and Junior Asante. "Using Node-Red to Connect Patient, Staff and Medical Equipment." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för systemteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-129781.

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The emergency departments in Region Östergötland use pen and paper to a large extent when recording emergency care procedures and measurements. During treatment the patient should be the main focus. Because of this, recording of measurements done could be delayed or in worst case forgotten during stressful situations. The proposal of this project is the development of a prototype that tries to make the administrative work a passive procedure rather than an active one. The system developed uses a Raspberry Pi, along with Node-Red, which connects predefined patient data and medical records, with the clinical staff tending the patient. All these connections are initiated by mainly using RFID technology. The conclusion made with the developed system is that it should unload the staff with the recording of data and that it helps make a data logging a more passive work than today’s used methods. Along with a process that is easier to operate, the time spent on administrative work could be reduced with the proposed system.

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16

Jönsson, Mattias. "TempScanner : An application to detect fever." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-40768.

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Анотація:

This thesis describes how a solution can be built to detect human flu-like symptoms. Flu-like symptoms are important to detect to prevent Covid-19 [6]. As people are returning to work there is a need for a simple way of detecting flu-like symptoms to prevent the spread of Covid-19. Other than a solution, this thesis concluded how human flu-like symptoms can be detected, with cameras specifically. This is to know what symptoms are most likely to work for a prototype. The technique of cameras and thermal cameras made this project possible as well as the technique of a single-board computer. The technique of cloud-based services is also an important part of this project. This project has resulted in a novel prototype using a single-board computer, cameras, and various cloud-based services to detect and inform a person if he or she has a human flu-like symptom.

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17

Piškula, David. "Internet of Things." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399196.

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This thesis focuses on the Internet of Things and some of the most important problems it faces today. Among these are the overdependence on the Cloud and lack of autonomy, poor security and privacy, complicated initialization and power consumption. The work aims to implement a complex IoT solution that solves the discussed problems. The project is part of a collaboration with NXP Semicondutors and will be used to showcase the company's technologies.

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Vitale, Clemente. "Internet of Things." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3184/.

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Carlsson, Simon, and Max Näf. "Internet of Things Hacking." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239366.

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As the Internet of Things is gaining more traction in the market, people are becoming more comfortable with having their daily equipment connected to the internet, fewer are taking the security aspect seriously. By attempting an attack on the Telia Sense, an IoT device connected to a car, it is shown how an attacker could try to compromise this type of system and how developers and engineers in the field can test their devices. Information from the device was obtained, including debug information and program code. Telia Sense was found to be a well secured device with a lot of thought and consideration given towards cyber security, therefore a successful attack was not able to be performed. However, the methods and procedures described in this paper are still valid and does aid in securing a device.

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Ревуцький, Микола Вячеславович. "Internet of Things: What about the Security of Things?" Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7329.

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Song, Yuanjun. "Security in Internet of Things." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-142451.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is emerging the Internet and other networks with wireless technologies to make physical objects interact online. The IoT has developed to become a promising technology and receives significant research attention in recent years because of the development of wireless communications and micro-electronics. Like other immature technological inventions, although IoT will promise their users a better life in the near future, it is a security risk, especially today the privacy is increasingly concerned by people. The key technologies of IoT are not yet mature. Therefore the researches and applications of the IoT are in the early stage. In order to make the IoT pervade people’s everyday life, the security of the IoT must be strengthened. In this thesis, first, the IoT is compared with the Internet. Though the IoT is based on the Internet, due to the characteristics of the IoT, those mature end-to-end security protocols and protective measures in the Internet can not directly provide the end-to-end data security through the perceptual layer, the transport layer the and application layer. For the IoT security addressing issues (such as the Internet DNS attack), this thesis proposes the IoT addressing security model. The traditional access control and the identity authentication only works in the same layer. The IoT addressing security model designed in this thesis effectively solves the issues of vertically passing the authentication results in the addressing process without changing the protocols for two communication parties. Besides, this thesis provides the object access control and privacy protection from the object application layer addressing, DNS addressing and IP addressing phases. Finally, combining the IoT object addressing security model with practical application scenario, this thesis designs the IoT object security access model. In this model, the access requester can access objects in different domains through a single sign-on. This model provides the protection for the end-to-end communication between the access requester and object.

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Cobârzan, Cosmin. "Internet of highly mobile things." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD037/document.

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La mobilité devienne un partie intégrante de l’Internet des Object d’aujourd’hui, comme beaucoup d’applications (monitorage des animaux sauvage, suivi des cible dans le champs de bataille) sont impossible de mettre en œuvre juste avec des nœuds statiques. L’objective de cette thèse est de définir une nouvelle architecture de communication articule autour de la mobilité dans les réseaux avec pertes et à bas puissance (Low Power and Lossy Networks - LLNs) (réseaux des capteurs sans fils). Tout d’abord, nous avons analysé théoriquement l’auto configuration des adresses IPv6, fait avec toutes les optimisations disponibles dans Neighbor Discovery Optimization for IPv6 over 6LoWPAN. Cette étape est cruciale pour des protocoles qui donnent de support pour la mobilité dans des réseaux IP, comme MIPv6. Les résultats obtenues – taille des paquets trop grande et consumations énergétique importante pour les routeurs qui tournent Neighbor Discovery – n’ont amener a utiliser le IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL). RPL est développe d’el debout pour les LLN. Notre deuxième contribution sont améliorer les opérations du RPL pour mieux supporter les nœuds mobiles. Enfin, nous avons développe une mécanisme inter-couche – Mobility Triggered-RPL – qui profite des actions dans le protocole avec préambule X-Machiavel à la couche accès au medium dans le protocole RPL à la couche routage
Mobility is becoming an integrating part of todays Internet of Things, as many applications such as wildlife monitoring or target tracking in the battlefield cannot be done only with the help of static nodes. The goal of this thesis is to provide new communication architecture articulated around providing mobility support in Low Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs). First we analyzed from a theoretical point of view the IPv6 address auto-configuration with all optimizations made in Neighbor Discovery Optimization for IPv6 over 6LoWPAN. This step is of crucial importance for protocols that offer mobility support in IP networks, such as MIPv6. Our findings, increased message size that leads to fragmentation and high energy consumption for routers that are involved in Neighbor Discovery message exchange, have lead us to use the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) in order to provide mobility support. RPL is build from ground up with respect to LLN requirements. Our second contribution enhanced RPL operations to support mobility management. Finally, we proposed a cross-layer protocol – Mobility Triggered-RPL – that leverages actions from the X-Machiavel preamble sampling MAC protocol into RPL

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Sabel, Ida. "Internet of Things & Kommunikationsprotokoll." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-27246.

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Genom att studera olika kommunikationsprotokoll kunna svara på vad det är som gör att ett visst protokoll är bäst anpassat för att användas mellan mobila enheter och IoT-enheter. I arbetet användes en kvalitativ litteraturstudie för att ge en grundlig teoretisk bakgrund samt en experimentell studie där ett par teorier undersökts ifall de stämmer med resultaten ifrån verkligheten. De fem faktorerna kompatibilitet, batteritid, frekvens, räckvidd och tillförlitlighet undersöktes hos kommunikationsprotokollen Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Närfältskommunikation (NFC) och Wi-Fi. Dessa tre valdes eftersom de stöds av nyare mobila plattformar idag. Kommunikations-protokollen analyserades sedan gentemot olika användningsområden inom IoT, eftersom påståendet vad som är bäst anpassat beror på vad situationen kräver för egenskaper. En systemutvecklare som ska välja kommunikationsprotokoll till en IoT-tillämpning och läser denna rapport bör själv jämföra de olika protokollen mot varandra inom de fem faktorerna för att kunna avgöra vilket protokoll som passar bäst inom dennes situation. I arbetet utfördes endast experimentella studier på BLE på grund av begränsningar inom utrustningen. Ytterligare experiment inom NFC och Wi-Fi skulle ge ett bredare perspektiv med fler infallsvinklar.
By studying different communication protocols respond to what it is that makes a certain protocol best suited for use between mobile devices and IoT devices. This study used a qualitative literature study to create a proper theoretical background and an experimental study where two theories were investigated in whether they matched wih the results from the reality. The five factors compatibility, battery loss, frequency, range and reliability were investigated in the communication protocols Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Near field communication (NFC) and Wi-Fi, these three because they are supported by newer mobile platforms today. The communication protocols were then analysed against various uses in the IoT, since the claim what it is that makes it best suited depends on what the situation requires. A system developer that is about to select the communication protocol to use in an IoT application and reads this study should compare the different protocols to each other within the five factors to determine which protocol is best suited for his situation. This study only performed experimental studies on BLE because of limitations in the equipment. Additional experiments on NFC and Wi-Fi would provide a wider perspective.

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Söderberg, Karl Jakob Emanuel. "INTERNET OF THINGS : Smart välfärdsteknologi." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15793.

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Internet of Things är en utveckling som inte endast sträcker sig till de industriella områdena idag. Det når nu mera även ut till välfärdsteknologin. Både användare och företag påverkas idag av detta faktum. Företag har ett behov, och en plikt att värna om sina kunder, och kunder har ett behov av att göra sin röst hörd. Detta arbete har som syfte att utforska acceptansen hos de äldre till denna smarta välfärdsteknologi, samt vad som krävs för att öka acceptansen. Arbetet tillnärmar sig frågan genom litteratur som bas för enkäter och intervjuer, utförda i Sverige och Norge.Det visar sig att acceptansen beror på många olika faktorer, som alla uppfattas olika från person till person. Men att det i många fall kan koka ned till behovet. De flesta människorna vill helst bo hemma så länge som möjligt, i alla fall i Sverige och Norge. Men innan det har gått så långt så kan det vara oklart hur öppna folk är till teknologi som har möjlighet till att uppfattas som integritetskränkande. Nyckeln ligger i att göra teknologin så anpassningsbar som möjligt, vad gäller både funktion och utseende, samt andra faktorer som säkerhet, förståelse, användbarhet och kostnad.

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Norburg, David, and David Persson. "Internet of Things - Ett användarperspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-37712.

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Крамаренко, Є. С. "Iнтелектуальна мережа Internet of Things". Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/76473.

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Зпроектовано інтелектуальну мережу «розумного будинку» у симуляторі Cisco Packet Tracer_7, яка базується на роботі дротової та бездротової мереж, де усі пристрої звязані зі шлюзом. Доступ контролю та моніторингу забезпечено з планшету та смартфону через зручний веб-інтерфейс. Для налаштування пожежної безпеки було розроблено програму для мікроконтролера на мові JavaScript. Візуальне програмування було використано для забезпечення системи комфорту. Розроблена схема при тестуванні показала високі результати, що говорить про доступність та зрозумілість взаємодії із можливостями симулятора. Вона дає змогу отримати наочне уявлення про функціонування розгалудженої системи «розумного будинку» та навчитися формулювати правила роботи окремих елементів на базі отриманих показників датчиків і сенсорів.

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Sokolenko. "INTERNET OF THINGS IN UKRAINE." Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33909.

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Okumura, Brandon M. "IoTA: Internet of Things Assistant." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2017. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1769.

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The Internet of Things is the networking of electronic devices, or “Things”, that enables them to collect and share data, as well as interact with their physical surround- ings. Analyzing this collected data allows us to make smarter economic decisions. These interconnected networks are usually driven by low-powered micro-controllers or cheap CPUs that are designed to function optimally with very little hardware. As scale and computational requirements increase, these micro-controllers are unable to grow without being physically replaced. This thesis proposes a system, IoTA, that assists the Internet of Things by pro- viding a shared computational resource for endpoint devices. This solution extends the functionality of endpoint devices without the need of physical replacement. The IoTA system is designed to be easily integrable to any existing IoT network. This system presents a model that allows for seamless processing of jobs submitted by endpoint devices while keeping scalability and flexibility in mind. Additionally, IoTA is built on top of existing IoT protocols. Evaluation shows there is a significant performance benefit in processing computationally heavy algorithms on the IoTA system as compared to processing them locally on the endpoint devices themselves.

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Hrnjez, Tatjana. "Internet of Things på Teknikprogrammet." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-27618.

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Internet of Things (IoT) är det senaste högaktuella som händer inom den digitala teknik-utvecklingen. Det är ett samlingsbegrepp för den utveckling som innebär att allt från in-frastruktur, fordon och hushållsmaskiner till bohag samt levande varelser (inklusive män-niskor), utrustas med små inbyggda sensorer och datorer och på så sätt kopplas upp i ett virtuellt kommunicerande nätverk. Det talas mycket om smarta hem och smarta städer i sammanhanget. 61 procent av de svenska företagen säger sig arbeta med IoT, 50 miljarder enheter beräknas med hjälp av IoT vara uppkopplade i världen år 2020. Den omfattande digitaliseringen innebär ett paradigmskifte som kommer att påverka hela industrin och samhället, inte minst skolan. Frågan är förberedd skolan är för den senaste stora digitala utmaningen och mer specifikt hur det ser ut på teknikprogrammet. Teknikprogrammet är ett högskoleförberedande program där eleven efter erhållen examen skall ha tillräckliga kunskaper för att bli behörig till högskolestudier.

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Nazim, Umair. "Securing Internet of Things (IoT)." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20275.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is our future and human life is now entering in to a generation where everyone will be using sensory information and artificial intelligence to make day to day life decisions in real-time. With implementation and enhancements around Internet protocol (IP) now it’s possible to connect and control these devices from anywhere around the globe they can be control by either human or even machines. Security is a critical element and building block for Internet of things (IoT) success. First, we have worked finding out possibility of detecting different types of attacks in Internet of things Wireless networks and identify them based on throughput, delay and energy consumed. Attack that we have work on include DOS attacks and DDOS attacks. Motivated by current use of Blockchain in resolving various problems we have evaluated its implementation to find solutions to secure Internet of Things. This become possible by utilising block chain network and smart contracts to validate any IoT communication . Using Blockchain network allowed IoT to detect securely authenticate without over utilizing device resource keeping in mind the limited hardware and bandwidth. IoT node or nodes communicates to a validator node within Blockchain network to get the most current binary of contracts status and in order to achieve this all the devices required to be in sync with Blockchain version of accounts stored by this validator node. We have worked out how this communication will work in order to ensure security and privacy while doing performance analysis of overheads. In conclusion IoT and Blockchain combine together is very promising solution to solve many current security issues in order to take it to mass scale deployment which allow implementation of Internet of things for a purposeful manner.

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Borrillo, Mattia. "Internet of things e integrazione nel web: Web of things." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9229/.

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Internet of Things (IoT): tre parole che sintetizzano al meglio come la tecnologia abbia pervaso quasi ogni ambito della nostra vita. In questa tesi andrò a esplorare le soluzioni hardware e soprattutto software che si celano dietro allo sviluppo di questa nuova frontiera tecnologica, dalla cui combinazione con il web nasce il Web of Things, ovvero una visione globale, accessibile da qualsiasi utente attraverso i comuni mezzi di navigazione, dei servizi che ogni singolo smart device può offrire. Sarà seguito un percorso bottom-up partendo dalla descrizione fisica dei device e delle tecnologie abilitanti alla comunicazione thing to thing ed i protocolli che instaurano fra i device le connessioni. Proseguendo per l’introduzione di concetti quali middleware e smart gateway, sarà illustrata l’integrazione nel web 2.0 di tali device menzionando durante il percorso quali saranno gli scenari applicativi e le prospettive di sviluppo auspicabili.

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Barretta, Salvatore. "UAV based Narrowband - Internet of things." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22761/.

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in this thesis we simulated via Java and Matlab environments a scenario in which a single drone is exploited to carry the NB-IoT base station over an a-priori known area. More specifically, we examined the performance of a drone flying over a area where IoT devices are grouped in clusters and trying to serve as many nodes as possible, with the trajectory solved exploiting the well-known solution of the Travel Salesman Problem (TSP), through which the UAV, that in this study we consider starting from the center of a cluster, finds the minimum path to subsequently reach the center of all the other clusters before reaching again the starting point, where the flight is considered ended. Starting from this assumption we wanted to find the scenario that can best benefit from joint use of NB-IoT and UAV, analyzing both its network throughput and how resources are scheduled by this standard. Then we want to compare the previous results with the new ones obtained changing the way random access is simulated in the code.

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Vargas, Vargas Fernando. "Cloudlet for the Internet-of- Things." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191433.

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With an increasing number of people currently living in urban areas, many cities around the globe are faced with issues such as increased pollution and traffic congestion. In an effort to tackle such challenges, governments and city councils are formulating new and innovative strategies. The integration of ICT with these strategies creates the concept of smart cities. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a key driver for smart city initiatives, making it necessary to have an IT infrastructure that can take advantage of the many benefits that IoT can provide. The Cloudlet is a new infrastructure model that offers cloud-computing capabilities at the edge of the mobile network. This environment is characterized by low latency and high bandwidth, constituting a novel ecosystem where network operators can open their network edge to third parties, allowing them to flexibly and rapidly deploy innovative applications and services towards mobile subscribers. In this thesis, we present a cloudlet architecture that leverages edge computing to provide a platform for IoT devices on top of which many smart city applications can be deployed. We first provide an overview of existing challenges and requirements in IoT systems development. Next, we analyse existing cloudlet solutions. Finally, we present our cloudlet architecture for IoT, including design and a prototype solution. For our cloudlet prototype, we focused on a micro-scale emission model to calculate the CO2 emissions per individual trip of a vehicle, and implemented the functionality that allows us to read CO2 data from CO2 sensors. The location data is obtained from an Android smartphone and is processed in the cloudlet. Finally, we conclude with a performance evaluation.
Med en befolkning som ökar i urbana områden, står många av världens städer inför utmaningar som ökande avgaser och trafikstockning. I ett försök att tackla sådana utmaningar, formulerar regeringar och stadsfullmäktige nya och innovativa strategier. Integrationen av ICT med dessa strategier bildar konceptet smart cities. Internet of Things (IoT) är en drivande faktor för smart city initiativ, vilket gör det nödvändigt för en IT infrastruktur som kan ta till vara på de många fördelar som IoT bidrar med. Cloudlet är en ny infrastrukturell modell som erbjuder datormolnskompetens i mobilnätverkets edge. Denna miljö karakteriseras av låg latens och hög bandbredd, utgörande ett nytt ekosystem där nätverksoperatörer kan hålla deras nätverks-edge öppet för utomstående, vilket tillåter att flexibelt och snabbt utveckla innovativa applikationer och tjänster för mobila subskribenter. I denna avhandling presenterar vi en cloudlet-arkitektur som framhäver edge computing, för att förse en plattform för IoT utrustning där många smart city applikationer kan utvecklas. Vi förser er först med en överblick av existerande utmaningar och krav i IoT systemutveckling. Sedan analyserar vi existerande cloudlet lösningar. Slutligen presenteras vår cloudlet arkitektur för IoT, inklusive design och en prototyplösning. För vår cloudlet-prototyp har vi fokuserat på en modell av mikroskala för att räkna ut CO2 emissioner per enskild resa med fordon, och implementerat en funktion som tillåter oss att läsa CO2 data från CO2 sensorer. Platsdata är inhämtad med hjälp av en Android smartphone och behandlas i cloudlet. Det hela sammanfattas med en prestandaevaluering.

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Cooper, Ke'ahi. "Security for the Internet of Things." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172526.

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Анотація:

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging paradigm that will change theway we interact with objects and computers in the future. It envisions a globalnetwork of devices interacting with each other, over the Internet, to perform auseful action. As such, quite a number of useful and benecial applications ofthis technology have been proposed.Although a convenient technology, the use of IoT technology will add additionalrisks to our lives that the traditional Internet did not have. This is primarilybecause IoT technology allows the virtual world to directly aect the physicalworld.Therefore, ensuring security is of paramount importance for IoT technology. Assuch, this thesis has two aims. First, we will identify the security issues for IoTtechnology as well as highlight what approaches academia has developed to resolvethem. This will allow us to see the state of this technology along with whatstill needs to be done in the future. Secondly, we will analyze some security protocolsproposed by academia and evaluate whether they ensure condentialityand authenticity.A literature survey is used to achieve the rst goal and the results show thatalthough a lot of research has been performed regarding security for IoT environments.We still have quite a way to go before a full holistic system isdeveloped which ensures all the security requirements for IoT.The results for the security protocol analysis shows that less than half of theprotocols proposed ensured authenticity and condentiality; despite the factthat their respective papers claim that they did. Therefore, we emphasize thefact that good peer reviews need to be enforced and that protocols need to bevalidated to ensure what is proposed performs as described.

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Verma, Yukti. "Secure system simulation - Internet of Things." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10116148.

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Internet of Things (IoT) can be defined as a collection of smart devices interacting with each other unanimously to fulfill a common goal. The real world data collected from the Internet of Things can be made as an integral part of web known as Web of Things (WoT). With the help of Web of Things architecture, the users can leverage simple web mechanisms such as browsing, searching and caching to interact with the smart devices. This thesis aims to create an entire system simulating the Web of Things architecture including sensors, edge routers, web interfaces, endpoints to the IoT network and access control. Several technologies such as CoAP, 6LoWPAN, IEEE 802.15.4, contiki and DTLS have been evaluated before inclusion in the implementation. A complete web portal utilizing Californium framework and Role Based Access Control has been created for accessing and interacting with the sensors and their data. This thesis provides an end-to-end approach towards IoT device security by implementing Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) over Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) in the system. The performance of secured system is analyzed in a constrained environment based on which it is observed that DLTS implementation increases the RAM usage, code size, packet overhead and power consumption by a significant value. Finally, the future work that needs to considered in order to iterate towards better security is specified.

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Söderström, Rasmus, and Martin Westman. "Internet of Things : The smart home." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353389.

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This project report treats the basics of the rising phenomenon of Internet of Things, and the devices that can be connected to it. One of the primary goals of the project was to gain greater knowledge in the field of Internet of Things and how it can be approached form an Electrical Engineer point of view.Three types of home devices were chosen to be implemented into the Internet of Things devices. Firstly, a coffeemaker was built so it can be activated from a mobile phone. This was made possible by using cheap electronics in the form of a control board, 433 MHz receiver and a relay.In the second part of the project the window blinders was made controllable from the same application as the coffee machine. This was made possible by using similar devices and small DC servos and stepper motors. The third part of the project was to make a automated irrigation system for a flowerpot. This could be made by measuring the moisture in the soil and thereby pump water from a reservoir in to the soil. Finally a main control device was constructed to handle all the signals from the users smart phone and communicate these signals and commands to the various systems built.

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Valkama, S. (Santeri). "Lämpötilaa mittaava Internet of Things -rele." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201609012678.

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Анотація:

Tässä kandidaatintyössä esitetään internetin välityksellä ohjattavan ja releellä ja lämpösensorilla varustetun Internet of Things -yksikön rakentaminen Digistump Oak- kehitysalustalle ja todistetaan sen toimivuus. Työssä esitetään myös muutamia tapoja todeta internet -pyyntöjen toimivuus. Lisäksi tarkastellaan Internet of Things -tarkoituksiin soveltuvia ohjelmistoja työhön sopivuuden näkökulmasta
The purpose of this bachelor’s work is to present and prove functionality of a basic Internet of Things unit built on the Digistump Oak -development board capable of connections through internet and equipped with a relay and a temperature sensor. A couple of ways to prove the functionality of web requests are also presented. In addition, a few Internet of Things -applicable software were reviewed regarding suitability in this work

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38

Ahlqvist, Niklas, Jonas Jungåker, and Agnes Perrin. "Internet of things and automated farming." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264453.

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The purpose of this project is to make it easier to grow plants domestically all year round. The objective is to construct a remotely controllable and environmentally independent automated hydroponic system. This would minimize the efforts required by the user to sustain plants in non-native climates. A hydroponic gardening system uses water as a growth medium instead of soil. The system is climate conscious and has benefits compared to conventional agriculture. Hydroponic systems are affected by several factors, this project only focuses on controlling the light intensity by isolating the system, and regulating the nutrient concentration through EC. The system uses a microcontroller for analysis and control. The results are promising, showing that the system works. However, the limitations in time led to a short test period, therefore the data gathered is limited. The discussion based on the results conclude that the system cannot be considered completely automatic but reduces the need of manual labour.
Syftet med detta projekt är att göra det lättare att odla växter inhemskt året runt. Målet är att konstruera ett fjärrstyrbart och miljöoberoende automatiskt hydroponiskt system. Detta ska minimera ansträngningarna från användaren för att underhålla växter i icke-inhemska klimat. Ett hydroponiskt odlingssystem använder vatten som tillväxtmedium istället för jord. Tekniken har fördelar jämfört med konventionell odling vilket gör hydroponi mer miljövänligt. Hydroponiska system påverkas av flera faktorer, men detta projekt fokuserar bara på att kontrollera ljusintensiteten genom att isolera ljuset inom systemet samt att reglera näringsämne-koncentrationen genom att mäta den elektriska ledningsförmågan i vattnet. Systemet använder en mikrokontroll för analys och kontroll. Resultaten är lovande och visar att systemet fungerar. Däremot har begränsningarna i tid lett till en kort testperiod, därför är data som samlas in begränsad. Diskussionen baserad på resultaten drar slutsatsen att systemet inte kan anses vara helt automatiskt men reducerar behovet av manuell arbetskraft.

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39

Santos, Vasco Alexandre Maia dos. "Secure decentralized internet of things infrastructure." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/18396.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações
Despite many IoT Infrastructures having been implemented in recent years, none of them is truly prepared for a global deployment, where failure tolerance and scalability are an essential requirement. This dissertation presents an alternative concept for IoT Infrastructures, which focuses on enhancing the traditional centralized architecture, usually operated by a single entity, into a decentralized architecture featuring multiple entities and use cases. We propose a dynamic, community driven and self-configurable infrastructure on top of a structured Peer-to-Peer network, based on a Distributed Hash Table. Moreover, the proposed infrastructure is flexible enough to allow each peer of the overlay to enable a set of different services, according to its capabilities. In addition, a set of communication protocols is provided in order to support heterogeneous devices, as well as data access, streaming and persistence. It is also an important focus of our proposal to have mechanisms that guarantee the privacy and security of the information flow and storage.
Apesar de várias infraestruturas para IoT terem sido implementadas nos últimos anos, nenhuma delas está realmente preparada para ser utilizada a uma escala global, onde a escalabilidade e a tolerância a falhas são um requisito essencial. Esta dissertação apresenta um conceito alternativo de infraestruturas para a IoT, cujo foco consiste em evoluir a tradicional arquitetura centralizada, normalmente utilizada por uma entidade única, para uma arquitetura descentralizada, compatível com múltiplas entidades e casos de uso. Propomos uma infraestrutura auto-configurável, dinâmica e orientada à comunidade, construída em cima de uma rede Peer-to-Peer estruturada, baseada numa Distributed Hash Table. Além disso, a infraestrutura proposta é suficientemente flexível para permitir que cada peer da rede possa ativar diferentes serviços, mediante as suas capacidades. Por outro lado, um conjunto de protocolos de comunicação é providenciado, de modo a suportar dispositivos heterogéneos, bem como o acesso aos dados e a sua transmissão e persistência. Também é um foco importante desta proposta a disponibilização de mecanismos que garantam a privacidade e segurança da informação durante a sua transmissão e o seu armazenamento.

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40

Elahi, Faizan Ehsan. "CONCURRENT INTERNET OF THINGS PROTOCOL STACKS." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-397010.

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This work presents the design and implementation of a firmware prototype that allows multiple Internet Of Things (IoT) protocols to coexist such that they share a single radio. 6LoWPAN over Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) are the two network protocols that are explored in this work. 6LoWPAN over TSCH forms a mesh network of low power embedded devices so that they are globally accessible through their IPv6 addresses. BLE is suitable for the direct connectivity between devices in short radio ranges. Sharing a single radio between diverse protocols is challenging since protocols access the radio in different modes and with different time patterns. The proposed architecture uses radio abstraction layer for dynamically sharing the radio based on the priority of the requests. Furthermore, concurrent operation of protocols is achieved with the help of priority based multitasking of Micrium operating system. Finally, the time critical operations of the TSCH and the radio abstraction module are handled with nested interrupts. The implementation of the firmware is evaluated with mainly two types of experiments. Overall, it is observed from the experiments that both protocols can coexist concurrently and can maintain their connections. In one set of experiments, periodic data is sent over both protocols every 5 seconds (with small random jitter). Basically these experiments involve small data traffic on both protocols. It is observed that the protocol with lower radio priority degrades in performance. Approximately 10% of the packets need re-transmissions, and thus have more latency for the protocol with lower radio priority. The second set of experiments involve file transfers over 3 hops using 6LoWPAN, while one of the middle nodes (acting as a router for the file transfer) also carries BLE session comprising of 17 BLE activities. It is observed that the mean file transfer time with BLE session is delayed compared to the no BLE case. The delay is less than the duration of the two active TSCH slots. This architecture is suitable for sharing a single radio where the network traffic is sparse. This architecture allows small embedded devices with a single radio to be accessible across many protocols without any modifications to the protocol standards. Although the performance degrades in the simultaneous operations, the protocols still keep their respective connections and complete their operations.

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Corrêa, Volpini Bruna. "Development of an Ambient Intelligence Environment to improve Patient Safety in Critical Care." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673228.

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In the late 1990's, when sophisticated personal computers and electronic devices with miniaturized sensors were being mass produced, the concept of ambient intelligence (AmI) emerged. An environment that has AmI is a space containing objects which includes technologies that are not visible to users, and which generates intelligent responses when appropriate. When people interact with an AmI environment, they intuitively use technologies according to their own needs and gain more awareness of their actions, thereby improving their quality of life, comfort, and empowerment. Currently, healthcare professionals work inside a complex adaptive system in which the clinical environment and the health status of patients vary dynamically, and resources are limited. This can generate an increasing number of adverse events as well as medical errors and consequently patients are more exposed to potential harm during a hospital stay. Many researchers are creating new AmI tools to overcome these challenges. This is especially important in intensive care units (ICUs), where there are seriously ill patients who need advanced infrastructure and equipment to receive continuous clinical monitoring and treatment in as safe a way as possible. Three out of every ten patients in an ICU suffer some type of clinical safety issue, which puts their lives at risk. In this context, the main aim of the work I present in this thesis is to develop an AmI environment for improving the efficiency of processes related to patient safety in ICUs. I have written this thesis with the collaboration of the clinical and engineering team of the Smart ICU at the Hospital Cl(n ic in Barcelona (HCB). That AmI environment is equipped mainly with technologies related to the Internet of Things (IoT) that provide an adaptive and dynamic distribution of clinical information based on the role and location of each professional as well as the clinical health status of patients. I divided the development of this thesis into three phases. Firstly, I designed, built, and tested a prototype to simulate the AmI environment in a laboratory setting, considering the main patient safety issues which arise in ICUs. I considered 5 patient safety issues: a code blue, a code red, a code pink, control of nosocomial infections and drug-related errors. Secondly, that prototype was adapted and implemented in a Smart ICU at HCB. Thirdly, I collected and analysed data generated by the AmI. It is important to highlight that part of the data collection and analysis related to the AmI environment took place during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic (Covid- 19). To summarize, my thesis evaluates the efficiency of the use of new technologies to improve patient safety processes in critical care. It improves clinical and educational standards in terms of patient safety processes at the unit concerned. Moreover, it enables quantification of events related to patient safety as well as heightening awareness of them.
A finales de la década de 1990, cuando las computadoras personales y los dispositivos electrónicos se producían en masa, el concepto de inteligencia en el entorno (AmI – Ambient Intelligence en inglés) surgió. Un entorno que contiene AmI es un espacio con objetos que incluyen tecnologías, invisibles para los usuarios, y que les generan respuestas inteligentes cuando sea necesario. Actualmente, los profesionales sanitarios están trabajando dentro de un sistema complejo adaptativo en el que el entorno clínico y el estado de salud del paciente varían dinámicamente. Esto es especialmente importante en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCIs), donde hay pacientes gravemente enfermos que necesitan infraestructuras y equipos avanzados para recibir monitorización de la forma más segura posible. En este contexto, el objetivo principal del trabajo que presento en esta tesis es desarrollar un entorno AmI para mejorar la eficiencia en los procesos relacionados con la seguridad del paciente en las UCIs. He elaborado esta tesis con la colaboración del equipo de la UCI inteligente del Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (HCB). El desarrollo de esta tesis se ha dividido en tres fases. En primer lugar, he diseñado, construido y probado un prototipo para simular el entorno AmI en un escenario de laboratorio considerando los principales problemas de seguridad clínica que ocurren en las UCIs. En segundo lugar, este prototipo ha sido adaptado e implementado en una UCI inteligente del HCB. En tercer lugar, he recogido y analizado los datos generados por el entorno inteligente. En conclusión, mi tesis evalúa la eficiencia del uso de nuevas tecnologías para mejorar los procesos de seguridad clínica en cuidados críticos, mejora los estándares clínicos y educativos sobre los procesos de seguridad del paciente en esta unidad y, finalmente, permite cuantificar los eventos relacionados con la seguridad clínica, así como ganar más conciencia sobre ellos.

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42

Hamzic, Almira, and Isabel Olofsson. "DNS and the Internet of Things : Outlining the challenges faced by DNS in the Internet of Things." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-202591.

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This thesis work consists of a literature study where different aspects of DNS and the Internet of Things have been researched. A functional naming and service identification method is an essential part in making the IoT global, and DNS is the current method of naming devices on the Internet. The study looks into some challenges DNS will encounter, namely functionality, security and availability. This report concludes that a multicast DNS (mDNS) based solution designed for constrained networks is advantageous. This is despite the limited security that is currently available for such a solution. In the future, it is important that security has top priority, as there are currently limited means of security in DNS. Further study is needed when it comes to availability and how name resolving would work with constrained devices that utilise sleep mode.
Detta examensarbete består av en litteraturstudie där olika aspekter av DNS (Domännamnssystemet, eng. Domain Name System) och Sakernas Internet (eng. Internet of Things) har studerats. En fungerande namngivnings-och serviceidentifieringsmetod är en viktig del för att kunna göra Sakernas Internet globalt, och DNS är den nuvarande metoden för att namnge enheter på Internet. Studien undersöker vissa utmaningar som DNS kan stöta på, nämligen funktionalitet, tillgänglighet och säkerhet. Rapportens slutsats är att en lösning baserad på multisändnings-DNS (eng. multicast DNS, mDNS) som är anpassad för begränsade nätverk (eng. constrained networks) är fördelaktig. Detta trots den begränsade säkerhet som finns tillgänglig just nu för en sådan lösning. I framtiden är det viktigt att säkerheten har högsta prioritet, eftersom säkerheten är begränsad hos DNS. Det behövs ytterligare studier när det gäller tillgänglighet och hur adressöversättning skulle fungera med begänsade enheter (eng. constrained devices) som använder viloläge.

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43

Camacho, Andersson Emil, and Jonathan Karlsson. "Effekter av Internet of Things : Scenariobaserad studie som beskriver inledande effekter av Internet of Things i en verksamhet." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Informatik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-22582.

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Med begreppet "Internet of Things" menas att ett objekt ur den riktiga världen blir en del av internet. Tunabyggen i Borlänge planerar att implementera ett sådant informationssystem som med hjälp av sensorer och en ständig internetuppkoppling håller uppsikt över temperatur och luftfuktighet i utvalda lokaler. Det är ett enkelt system som till synes inte har så stora effekter på den nuvarande verksamheten. De ekonomiska effekterna går ofta att räkna på i förhand men effekterna på personal, miljö och rutiner kan glömmas bort. Vi har därför med detta examensarbete undersökt vilka inledande effekter som kan tänkas uppkomma efter implementering av ett nytt informationssystem med "Internet of Things" funktionalitet i en verksamhet. Detta sker inom kategorierna ekonomi, arbetsmiljö, miljöpåverkan och systemförvaltning. För att kunna besvara detta har vi gjort en fallstudie baserad på en scenariometodik som består av fyra faser. Fas 1, där vi fick vårt Case och skapade en förståelse för scenariofältet. Fas 2, där vi identifierade nyckelfaktorer. Detta har gjorts genom en litteraturstudie samt intervju med berörd personal på Tunabyggen. Fas 3, där analysen av dessa nyckelfaktorer skedde genom nulägesanalys och framtidsanalys av nyckelfaktorer. Fas 4, där vi genererade scenarier av de analyserade nyckelfaktorerna. Det har sedan gjorts en SWOT-analys för att belysa styrkor, svagheter, möjligheter och hot. Resultatet visar tydliga tecken på att det kommer att bli många effekter för Tunabyggen efter implementering av det nya informationssystemet som yttrar sig i alla kategorier. Slutsatsen är att vid implementation av ett informationssystem som detta är effekterna många. Detta är något som vi anser bör beaktas av alla verksamheter som har tankar på att införskaffa ett nytt informationssystem. De bör inte bara utvärdera informationssystem rent ekonomiskt utan borde ta i beaktning att det finns ett antal andra faktorer som har en avgörande roll om implementation av informationssystem ska bli lyckad.
The term "Internet of Things" refers to when an object from the real world becomes a part of the internet. Tunabyggen in Borlänge plans to implement an information system that will monitor temperature and humidity in selected facilities using a constant internet connection and different sensors. It is a simple system that doesn't seem to have a major impact on the current operations. The economic effects is often possible to calculate in advance, but the impact on staff, environment and routines may be forgotten. We have with this thesis examined the initial effects that may occur after the implementation of a new information system with Internet of Things functionality in a business, within the categories of economy, working environment, environmental impact and system management. To answer this we made a case study which is based on a scenario methodology that consists of four phases. Phase 1, where we got our case and created an understanding of the scenario field. Phase 2, identifying the key factors. It has been done through a literature study and interviews with relevant staff on Tunabyggen. Phase 3, where the analysis of these key factors were made through the situation and future analysis. Phase 4, where we generate scenarios of the analyzed key factors. Finally we have done a SWOT analysis to highlight the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The results clearly show signs that there will be many effects for Tunabyggen after the implementation of the new information system, which manifests itself in all categories. The conclusion is that even the implementation of a menial information system like this one, the impacts are many. This is something that we believe should be considered by all companies that are thinking of acquiring a new system so they do not only evaluate IT-systems in economic terms, but also other factors that play a crucial role for the implementation of an information system to be successful.

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Forsby, Filip. "Digital Certificates for the Internet of Things." Thesis, KTH, Nätverk och systemteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217120.

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This thesis will investigate the possibility of developing a lightweight digitalcertificate solution for resource constrained embedded systems in 6LoWPANnetworks. Such systems are battery powered or energy harvesting devices whereit is crucial that energy consumption and memory footprints are as minimalas possible. Current solutions for digital certificates are found to be moredemanding than what is desirable and therefore an issue that needs to besolved.The solution that is proposed in this thesis is a profile for the X.509 cer-tificate standard for use with constrained devices and the Internet of Things(IoT). Furthermore, a compression mechanism is designed and implementedfor certificates following this X.509 profile.Results show that compressing certificates is a highly viable solution, de-spite the added complexity it brings.This new lightweight digital certificate solution will allow resource con-strained systems to be able to run for longer without being interrupted orneeding maintenance.
Denna avhandling undersöker möjligheten att utveckla lättviktslösning förinbyggda system med begränsade resurser i 6LoWPAN-nätverk. Eneheter isådanna system drivs på batteri och återvunnen energi från omgivningen därminimal energi- och minnesanvänding är avgörande. Nuvarande lösningar fördigitala certifikat anses vara mer krävande än önskvärt och det är därför ettproblem som behöver lösas.Lösningen som presenteras i denna avhandling är en profil för certifikatstan-darden X.509 för användning med begränsade enheter inom Internet of Things(IoT). Utöver det är en komprimeringsmekanism designad och implementeradför certifikat som följer denna X.509-profil.Resultat visar att det är högst genomförbart att komprimera certifikat,trots den ökade komoplexiteten det medför.Denna nya lösning för digitala certifikat tillåter resursbegränsade enheteratt köras längre utan att behöva avbrytas eller underhållas.

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45

Reetz, Eike S. "Service testing for the 'Internet of Things'." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2016. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/810848/.

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Services that represent sensor and actuator nodes, together with service orchestration, aid in overcoming the heterogeneous structure of the Internet of Things (IoT). Interconnecting different sensor and actuator nodes and exposing them as services is a complex topic which is even more demanding for testing. Further effort is needed to enable common and effcient methodologies for testing IoT-based services. IoT-based services differ from web services since they usually interact with the physical environment via sensor and actuator nodes. This changes how testing can be performed. An open research question is thereby how to apply Model-Based Testing (MBT) approaches for facilitating scalable and ef cient test automation. This thesis introduces a novel test framework to facilitate functional evaluation of IoT- based services based on MBT methodologies. The concept separates the service logic from connected sensor and actuator nodes in a sandbox environment. Furthermore, a new IoT service behaviour model is designed for representing relevant characteristics of IoT-based services and ensuring the automated emulation of sensor nodes. The IoT-behaviour model proves to be automatically transformable into executable Test Cases (TCs). As a proof of concept, the automated test approach is prototypically implemented as a novel test tool. The execution of the TCs reveals, that crucial failures, such as unexpected messages, data types, or data values, can be detected during test execution. Deriving tests from a test model typically result in huge number of TCs, which cannot be executed within a reasonable time and with limited resources. To enhance the diversity of executed TCs, similarity investigation algorithms are proposed and validated. The results show that the proposed Diversity-based Steady State Genetic algorithm can outperform existing solutions up to 11.6 % with less computation time. With regard to verifying the failure detection rate, experiments show that the proposed Group Greedy algorithm can enhance the rate up to 29 %.

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46

Iqbal, Muhammad Azhar. "Internet of Things (IoT) Industry Gateway Modelling." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-28691.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) provide the possibility to build dynamic industrial systems and applications to improve the quality of production in industrial areas. There are many Industrial IoT Gateways (IoTGWs) available on the market, all of which have different functionalities and properties. Here, the different properties of the IIoTGWs were explored, with the researcher’s as well as vendor’s perspective in mind. The most important properties were identified using research papers and technical data sheets, based on this, a model was created. The model showed the best two gateways available in the database. The results show that methods used can be applied in future research.

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47

Kroon, Cathering, and Louise Myllylä. "Internet of Things - En studie med användarperspektiv." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-48838.

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Sitenkov, Denis. "Access Control in the Internet of Things." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-177205.

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The new generation of Wireless Sensor Networks, that is known as the Internet of Things enables the direct connection of physical objects to the Internet using microcontrollers. In most cases these microcontrollers have very limited computational resources. The global connectivity provides great opportunities for data collection and analysis as well as for interaction of objects that cannot be connected to the same local area network. Many of application scenarios have high requirements to security and privacy of transmitted data. At the same time security solutions that are utilized for general purpose computers are not always applicable for constrained devices. That leaves a room for new solutions that takes into account the technological aspects of the Internet of Things. In this thesis we investigate the access control solution for the IETF standard draft Constrained Application Protocol, using the Datagram Transport Layer Security protocol for transport security. We use the centralized approach to save access control information in the framework. Since the public key cryptography operations might be computationally too expensive for constrained devices we build our solution based on symmetric cryptography. Evaluation results show that the access control framework increases computational effort of the handshake by 6.0%, increases the code footprint of the Datagram Transport Layer Security implementation by 7.9% and has no effect on the overall handshake time. Our novel protocol is not vulnerable to Denial of Service or Drain Battery Attack.

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Zaitov, Alisher. "Internet of things for monitoring grazing animals." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-196213.

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Swedish agricultural industry is well known for it’s fair animal tending and ecological processes, the high standards comes at a cost of tough strict regulations. Laws were introduced to keep a low level usage of antibiotics and toxic products among the agricultural industry. The though competition from products imported from other countries with much less strict laws puts puts Swedish farmers under pressure and pushes them to keep an extra good eye on their animals in order to avoid sickness and injuries of their animals. This master thesis is focusing on investigating the possibility keep the low usage of antibiotics and maintaining the high level of standards by introducing new technology that can help the farmer to monitor their animals and keep them healthy. The goal of this thesis is to develop a system that monitors grazing animals in the pasture land and helps farmer to detect injuries and diseases at an earlier stage. For the system to be viable and useful for the farmer it has to keep low power consumption and come at an affordable price. The implemented system solution consists of a wireless sensor network that collects data about estimated position of the animal in the pasture land , interaction patterns and ambient sensor data of the environment. The data is then propagated using a opportunistic network protocol. Hardware prototype is tested using simulations, indoor tests, and field tests with cows on a farm in northern Sweden. The work is concluded with evaluations of the prototype based on requirements, scalability and cost
Svenska lantbruksndustrin är väl känt för sin rättvisa djurhantering och ekoloiska metoder, den höga standared kommer till en priset av hårda stränga regler. Lagar infördes för att hålla en låg användningsnivå av antibiotika och giftiga ämnen bland jordbruksindustrin. Vilket sätter jordbrukare under press och kräver dem att hålla ett extra gott öga på sina djur för att undvika sjukdom och skador på sina djur. Detta examensarbete fokuserar på att undersöka möjligheten att hålla låg användning av antibiotika men bibehålla den höga standarder genom att införa ny teknik som kan hjälpa bonden att övervaka sina djur och hålla dem friska. Målet med denna examensarbete är att utveckla en system prototyp som övervakar betande djur och hjälper bonden att upptäcka skador och sjukdomar i ett tidigare skede. För att systemet ska vara lönsamt och användbart för jordbrukaren behöver den hålla en låg strömförbrukning och komma till ett överkomligt pris. Den genomförda systemlösningen bygger på ett trådlöst sensornätverk som samlar in data om esitmerad position av djuret i betesmarken, interaktionsmönster och omgivnings sensordata av miljön. Prototypen testas med simuleringar, tester i labmiljö samt fälttester med kor på en gård i norra Sverige. Arbetet avslutas med utvärderingar av prototypen baserat på systemkrav, skalbarhet och kostnad.

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50

Ben, Saied Yosra. "Collaborative security for the internet of things." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00879790.

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This thesis addresses new security challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT). The current transition from legacy Internet to Internet of Things leads to multiple changes in its communication paradigms. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) initiated this transition by introducing unattended wireless topologies, mostly made of resource constrained nodes, in which radio spectrum therefore ceased to be the only resource worthy of optimization. Today's Machine to Machine (M2M) and Internet of Things architectures further accentuated this trend, not only by involving wider architectures but also by adding heterogeneity, resource capabilities inconstancy and autonomy to once uniform and deterministic systems. The heterogeneous nature of IoT communications and imbalance in resources capabilities between IoT entities make it challenging to provide the required end-to-end secured connections. Unlike Internet servers, most of IoT components are characterized by low capabilities in terms of both energy and computing resources, and thus, are unable to support complex security schemes. The setup of a secure end-to-end communication channel requires the establishment of a common secret key between both peers, which would be negotiated relying on standard security key exchange protocols such as Transport Layer Security (TLS) Handshake or Internet Key Exchange (IKE). Nevertheless, a direct use of existing key establishment protocols to initiate connections between two IoT entities may be impractical because of the technological gap between them and the resulting inconsistencies in their cryptographic primitives. The issue of adapting existing security protocols to fulfil these new challenges has recently been raised in the international research community but the first proposed solutions failed to satisfy the needs of resource-constrained nodes. In this thesis, we propose novel collaborative approaches for key establishment designed to reduce the requirements of existing security protocols, in order to be supported by resource-constrained devices. We particularly retained TLS handshake, Internet key Exchange and HIP BEX protocols as the best keying candidates fitting the end-to-end security requirements of the IoT. Then we redesigned them so that the constrained peer may delegate its heavy cryptographic load to less constrained nodes in neighbourhood exploiting the spatial heterogeneity of IoT nodes. Formal security verifications and performance analyses were also conducted to ensure the security effectiveness and energy efficiency of our collaborative protocols. However, allowing collaboration between nodes may open the way to a new class of threats, known as internal attacks that conventional cryptographic mechanisms fail to deal with. This introduces the concept of trustworthiness within a collaborative group. The trustworthiness level of a node has to be assessed by a dedicated security mechanism known as a trust management system. This system aims to track nodes behaviours to detect untrustworthy elements and select reliable ones for collaborative services assistance. In turn, a trust management system is instantiated on a collaborative basis, wherein multiple nodes share their evidences about one another's trustworthiness. Based on an extensive analysis of prior trust management systems, we have identified a set of best practices that provided us guidance to design an effective trust management system for our collaborative keying protocols. This effectiveness was assessed by considering how the trust management system could fulfil specific requirements of our proposed approaches for key establishment in the context of the IoT. Performance analysis results show the proper functioning and effectiveness of the proposed system as compared with its counterparts that exist in the literature

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Дисертації з теми "Medical Internet of Things"

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