Дисертації з теми "Medical Devices and Systems"
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Basu, Probal, and Eun Kyun Kim. "Customer segmentation in the medical devices industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40110.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (p. 73-76).
This thesis addresses Company X's concerns about its product shipment options. The company ships over 70% of its products to its customers using the primary service provider that ensures that the product is at the customer site by 10:30 AM next day. As per the understanding with its customers, the company, absorbs the cost of premium shipping and does not pass it on to most of its customers. The company believes that this priority service is a source of competitive advantage that helps it get customer loyalty and thereby increases sales. However it is not a normal industry practice to provide this service free to the customers. Keeping in mind this enormous cost burden, Company X wants to minimize this cost. Medical device sales are non-seasonal and do not show promotional effects. We analyzed data for the months of June and October, 2006 as a part of our research. The objective of our data analysis was to validate the proposed approaches we reviewed as a basis for proposing ways to segment customers for improving service while reducing cost. We proposed three types of segmentation: by region, by order method and by division. Segmentation by region looks at dividing the customers by into 4 regions based on their location.
(cont.) Segmentation by ordering method splits the customers in terms of whether they order using phone, fax or EDI while segmentation by division breaks up the customer base in terms of the various divisions the company has. Our study revealed that the company can expect to save over 3 million dollars annually by not offering this service free of charge to its customers. If customers are not convinced that the lower level of service meets their needs, they may pay for use of premium shipping. We demonstrate that the lower level of service will likely be just as effective and hence the company can guarantee that the product would reach the customer on time. Given the criticality of the parts that the company ships, it is advised to take its customers into confidence before making major policy changes.
by Probal Basu [and] Eun Kyun Kim.
M.Eng.in Logistics
Hillstrom, Nichole L. (Nichole Leigh), and Renato A. Malabanan. "Strategic inventory management of externally sourced medical devices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81099.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 59).
The purpose of this research was to determine inventory strategies for externally sourced medical devices. In the medical device industry, the desire for high levels of customer service often results in less than optimal inventory levels. In this study, we analyzed the details of the current inventory model utilized by the medical device company. In assigning appropriate inventory levels, we determined that key inputs were not regarded. When evaluating inventory levels, it was determined that pipeline inventory should be removed from the target on hand inventory levels if inventory ownership occurs upon receipt. When calculating safety stock, we determined that supply variability should be incorporated into the safety stock formula and extra buffers currently in place should be removed. In addition, a more robust measure of demand variability such as the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) or the Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) should be incorporated into the formula instead of the use of the maximum of standard deviation of demand and standard deviation of forecast. Also, a gap was identified between the customer service safety factor used in the safety stock formula and the measurement of customer service by the company. Following the analysis of the current inventory modeling approach, we segmented the medical device SKU's based on key factors that drive inventory: demand, lead time, criticality and customer service. We also redefined the model used to determine slow moving inventory levels by incorporating the lead time of the part in setting cycle and safety stock levels and simulating the results to validate the relationships between the various inventory drivers. The application of the methodologies, concepts and findings in this research covering externally sourced medical devices can be extended to other subsidiaries and other industries.
by Nichole L. Hillstrom and Renato A. Malabanan.
M.Eng.in Logistics
Arad, Ron 1973. "Sterilization resource forecasting in the medical devices industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33333.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (leaf 73).
Sterilization is an example of a procedure that has been outsourced by medical device companies. Sterilization is required for all medical devices and the process used is based on product type. As demand for medical devices increases, production is ramping up, and the need for additional sterilization capacity increases. The time required to build more sterilization capacity can be between six to nine months, and therefore companies are looking into their future production to estimate when will be the right time to start building more capacity. This thesis analyzes the change in sterilization capacity utilization using a simulation model. The model replicates the current production distribution based on data provided from the sterilization facility.
y Ron Arad.
M.Eng.in Logistics
Balgos, Vincent H. "A systems theoretic application to design for the safety of medical diagnostic devices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76814.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-89).
In today's environment, medical technology is rapidly advancing to deliver tremendous value to physicians, nurses, and medical staff in order to support them to ultimately serve a common goal: provide safe and effective medical care for patients. However, these complex medical systems are contributing to the increasing number of healthcare accidents each year. These accidents present unnecessary risk and injury to the very population these systems are designed to help. Thus the current safety engineering techniques that are widely practiced by the healthcare industry during medical system development are inadequate in preventing these tragic accidents. Therefore, there is a need for a new approach to design safety into medical systems. This thesis demonstrated that a holistic approach to safety design using the Systems Theoretic Accident Model and Process (STAMP) and Causal Analysis based on STAMP (CAST) was more effective than the traditional, linear chain-of-events model of Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA). The CAST technique was applied to a medical case accident involving a complex diagnostic analyzer system. The results of the CAST analysis were then compared to the original FMECA hazards. By treating safety as a control problem, the CAST analysis was capable of identifying an array of hazards beyond what was detected by the current regulatory approved technique. From these hazards, new safety design requirements and recommendations were generated for the case system that could have prevented the case accident. These safety design requirements can also be utilized in new medical diagnostic system development efforts to prevent future medical accidents, and protect the patient from unnecessary harm.
by Vincent H. Balgos.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
Jellen, Isabel. "Towards Security and Privacy in Networked Medical Devices and Electronic Healthcare Systems." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2141.
Повний текст джерелаAmiri, Atila. "ST. JUDE MEDICAL: AN OBJECT-ORIENTED SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE FOR EMBEDDED AND REAL-TIME MEDICAL DEVICES." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/374.
Повний текст джерелаYip, Marcus. "Ultra-low-power circuits and systems for wearable and implantable medical devices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84902.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 219-231).
Advances in circuits, sensors, and energy storage elements have opened up many new possibilities in the health industry. In the area of wearable devices, the miniaturization of electronics has spurred the rapid development of wearable vital signs, activity, and fitness monitors. Maximizing the time between battery recharge places stringent requirements on power consumption by the device. For implantable devices, the situation is exacerbated by the fact that energy storage capacity is limited by volume constraints, and frequent battery replacement via surgery is undesirable. In this case, the design of energy-efficient circuits and systems becomes even more crucial. This thesis explores the design of energy-efficient circuits and systems for two medical applications. The first half of the thesis focuses on the design and implementation of an ultra-low-power, mixed-signal front-end for a wearable ECG monitor in a 0.18pm CMOS process. A mixed-signal architecture together with analog circuit optimizations enable ultra-low-voltage operation at 0.6V which provides power savings through voltage scaling, and ensures compatibility with state-of-the-art DSPs. The fully-integrated front-end consumes just 2.9[mu]W, which is two orders of magnitude lower than commercially available parts. The second half of this thesis focuses on ultra-low-power system design and energy-efficient neural stimulation for a proof-of-concept fully-implantable cochlear implant. First, implantable acoustic sensing is demonstrated by sensing the motion of a human cadaveric middle ear with a piezoelectric sensor. Second, alternate energy-efficient electrical stimulation waveforms are investigated to reduce neural stimulation power when compared to the conventional rectangular waveform. The energy-optimal waveform is analyzed using a computational nerve fiber model, and validated with in-vivo ECAP recordings in the auditory nerve of two cats and with psychophysical tests in two human cochlear implant users. Preliminary human subject testing shows that charge and energy savings of 20-30% and 15-35% respectively are possible with alternative waveforms. A system-on-chip comprising the sensor interface, reconfigurable sound processor, and arbitrary-waveform neural stimulator is implemented in a 0.18[mu]m high-voltage CMOS process to demonstrate the feasibility of this system. The sensor interface and sound processor consume just 12[mu]W of power, representing just 2% of the overall system power which is dominated by stimulation. As a result, the energy savings from using alternative stimulation waveforms transfer directly to the system.
by Marcus Yip.
Ph.D.
GOMES, LEILA CRISTINA NUNES. "PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN THE MEDICAL IMAGE DEVICES INDUSTRY: AN ANALYSIS OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=6081@1.
Повний текст джерелаNas últimas décadas, vem ocorrendo uma importante revolução na área da tecnologia médica, em particular nos equipamentos de diagnóstico por imagem. O propósito central da presente tese concentra-se na análise e compreensão das estratégias e sistemas produtivos empregados na produção desses equipamentos, com enfoque específico na produção de equipamentos de Ressonância Magnética, pela importância de se dispor de dados e informações principalmente em países como o Brasil que, apesar de ainda não apresentarem produção nacional, fazem uso de toda essa tecnologia e necessitam preparar recursos humanos não só para a sua própria utilização, mas também para o desenvolvimento e produção de componentes e periféricos específicos. Um grande motivador para esta pesquisa foi o Projeto ToRM, desenvolvido pela Universidade de São Paulo. O projeto constava do desenvolvimento local de um equipamento de ressonância para que fosse possível a formação de mão-de-obra especializada e a realização de estudos para acessórios e componentes. A metodologia empregada neste estudo, o qual é de caráter exploratório, envolve uma pesquisa bibliográfica e dois estudos de casos realizados em empresas produtoras de equipamentos de diagnóstico por imagem - Philips Medical Systems e Siemens Medical. Assim, com a compreensão dos sistemas produtivos aplicados, objetiva-se subsidiar as empresas e universidades com informações atualizadas referentes a essa indústria, principalmente pela falta de material acadêmico sobre o assunto.
In the last decades, an important revolution has taken place in the medical technology field, particularly in image diagnosis equipment. The central purpose of the present thesis is to analyze and understand the strategies and productive systems used in the production of such equipment, with specific focus on the production of Magnetic Resonance equipment. It is important to make data and information available especially in countries like Brazil, which, despite still not having a national production, make use of this technology and need to prepare human resources not only for its own use but also for the development and production of specific components. A great motivation to this research was the ToRM Project, developed by the University of São Paulo. This project consisted in the local development of a resonance machine, which would allow for the preparation of specialized professionals and the development of studies about accessories and components. The methodology used in the present study, which is exploratory in character, involves a literature review and case studies performed in two major manufacturers of image diagnosis equipment - Philips Medical Systems and Siemens Medical. Thus, by understanding the productive systems applied, our goal is to provide companies and universities with updated information about this industry, especially considering the lack of academic material on this subject.
Zhao, Jing. "Design and evaluation of a screen-CCD imaging system for medical radiology /." Online version of thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11253.
Повний текст джерелаKiani, Mehdi. "Wireless power and data transmission to high-performance implantable medical devices." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53396.
Повний текст джерелаFoe, Owono Guy. "Impact of EU Medical Device Directive on Medical Device Software." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/353.
Повний текст джерелаCosta, Nuno Miguel Cerqueira da. "User friendly knowledge acquisition system for medical devices actuation." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8257.
Повний текст джерелаInternet provides a new environment to develop a variety of applications. Hence, large amounts of data, increasing every day, are stored and transferred through the internet. These data are normally weakly structured making information disperse, uncorrelated, non-transparent and difficult to access and share. Semantic Web, proposed by theWorldWideWeb Consortium (W3C), addresses this problem by promoting semantic structured data, like ontologies, enabling machines to perform more work involved in finding, combining, and acting upon information on theWeb. Pursuing this vision, a Knowledge Acquisition System (KAS) was created, written in JavaScript using JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as the data structure and JSON Schema to define that structure. It grants new ways to acquire and store knowledge semantically structured and human readable. Plus, structuring data with a Schema generates a software robust and error – free. A novel Human Computer Interaction (HCI) framework was constructed employing this KAS, allowing the end user to configure and control medical devices. To demonstrate the potential of this tool, we present the configuration and control of an electrostimulator. Nowadays, most of the software for Electrostimulation is made with specific purposes, and in some cases they have complicated user interfaces and large, bulky designs that deter usability and acceptability. The HCI concedes the opportunity to configure and control an electrostimulator that surpasses the specific use of several electrostimulator software. In the configuration the user is able to compile different types of electrical impulses (modes) in a temporal session, automating the control, making it simple and user-friendly.
Do, Khoa Tat. "Universal Engineering Programmer - An In-house Development Tool For Developing and Testing Implantable Medical Devices In St. Jude Medical." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/488.
Повний текст джерелаSong, Qingyang S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "A system theoretic approach to design safety into medical device." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76510.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-66).
The goal of this thesis is to investigate and demonstrate the application of a systems approach to medical device safety in China. Professor Leveson has developed an accident modeling framework called STAMP (Systems Theoretic Accident Modeling and Processes.) Traditional accident models typically focus on component failure; in contrast, STAMP includes interactions between components as well as social, economic, and legal factors. In this thesis, the accident of the artificial heart at a level II hospital in China was used as a test case to study whether Causal Analysis based on STAMP (CAST) is used to outline the interactions between the different medical device system components, identify the safety control structure in place, and understand how this control structure failed to prevent artificial heart accident in a Chinese hospital. The analysis suggested that further changes might be necessary to protect the Chinese public and so, based on the results of the CAST, a new set of systemic recommendations was proposed.
by Qingyang Song.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
Bai, Xinye, and Yaniv Rosenberg. "Improving supply chain agility of a medical device Manufacturer." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99802.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 68-69).
This thesis focuses on a medical device manufacturer, DeCo, which offers surgical instruments to customers at no cost in order to facilitate the sale of implantable products that require the use of such instruments. DeCo is facing challenges in managing the supply chain for these outsourced instruments, such as long lead times, inaccurate forecasting, and excess inventory. Deco is interested in building a more responsive supply chain. To this end, our thesis investigated strategies to increase the supply chain agility by realizing opportunities in information flows, material movement, and channel alignment to achieve shorter lead time, lower inventory levels, and higher levels of service. We conducted interviews and analyzed forecast, inventory, and lead time data files to evaluate the company's supply chain agility in terms of key attributes such as: Inventory management, supply chain visibility, forecast, distribution channel management, supplier manufacturing flexibility, forecast, level of service, lead-time, and product lifecycle. Gaps between the current state and an agile supply chain were identified, and recommendations were made based on these weaknesses. Gaps in the supply chain were divided into three categories: information barriers, operational inflexibilities, and supply chain misalignments. Similarly, our recommendations were broken up into three main groups: Distributor strategies, supplier strategies, and DeCo's practices. By improving supply chain visibility, Deco can cut lead time to customers and significantly lower inventory. By gaining operational flexibility, DeCo can cut lead time from suppliers by 50%, avoid excess ordering due to minimum order quantity, and cut cost per unit. Key recommendations to achieve agility were to build a database of inventory at distributors' warehouses and implement a process to ship instruments between these warehouses; and to work with suppliers to build dedicated capacity on the production floor.
by Xinye Bai and Yaniv Rosenberg.
M. Eng. in Logistics
Zelkha, Sassan. "Benchmarking of a medical device company's product development process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79426.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-90).
In todays' global economy, having a lean operation is no longer considered a competitive edge; rather has become the new necessity and norm [15]. The new source of this competitive edge is innovation [15]. What sets an organization apart from its competitors is the ability to develop products that constantly meet customers' demands. An organization must have a New Product Development Process (NPDP) that enhances, expedites and fosters development of innovative products on consistent basis in order to tie innovation to market success. Many organizations have a difficult time determining whether or not the NPDP they are using is adequate because there are no standard methods or processes that organization can use to assess their NPDP [16]. In order to assist a specific medical device organization to assess its NPDP, a partnership with Performance Measure Group (PMG) was established. PMG is a leader in benchmarking and performance measurement. This thesis gives insight into the various new product development and benchmarking processes that are in practice today. It also explores the challenges and benefits associated with conducting benchmarking. Finally, this thesis reveals some of the challenges that this particular medical device company confronts with their NPDP.
by Sassan Zelkha.
S.M.
Li, Tieyu. "Systems Theoretic Accident Model and Process application : quality control in medical device manufacturing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90689.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis. "September 2012."
Includes bibliographical references (pages 102-103).
The goal of medical device industry is to provide patients and healthcare professionals effective, reliable, safe and affordable products. However, due to the dynamic and competitive operation and business environment, most manufacturers did not always attain this goal. It is a challenge to balance the demands of meeting government regulations and containing production costs, in an effort to produce the most effective, reliable and safest medical devices. The increasing complexity on product structures, production process and usage context make this task even more formidable. The increase in serious adverse events has outpaced industry growth by 8 % since 2001[1], which reflects the insufficiency of traditional quality control measures. The disastrous consequences of quality hazards usually have profound impact on customers, manufacturers, and communities. Therefore, it is imperative to look for a better way to achieve effective quality control in medical device industry. The purpose of the thesis is to compare the traditional quality control measures, which are now widely adopted in quality systems of medical device industry for designing and development, process control and non-conformance handling, with the approach of Systems Theoretic Accident Model and Process (STAMP) based System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) method. Through the case study on real quality issue in manufacturing control, this work analyzes the current states of complex manufacturing process controls that are designed by utilizing traditional principles and tools, and demonstrates the improvement after the STPA techniques was applied to the same cases. The advantages of STPA technique is to model the process to system control structure without oversimplifying any possible influencing factors, and then examine the links an interaction among these factors to reveal what constraints need to be installed and are followed to ensure that the system performs in safe zone and deliver the expected outcomes. This approach can effectively reveal hidden defects and dangers in system that the traditional measures are not able to detect, and thus is very helpful to the high-stake industry such as medical device manufacturing to prevent potential serious adverse events and protect patients from injuries caused by accidents of quality hazards.
by Tieyu Li.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
Eren, Ilke. "An Analysis Of Innovation And R&." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612851/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаJow, Uei-Ming. "A multiband inductive wireless link for implantable medical devices and small freely behaving animal subjects." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51930.
Повний текст джерелаStead, Thomas. "An investigation into the application of design processes to novel self-use molecular diagnostic devices for sexually transmitted infections." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15197.
Повний текст джерелаQuang, Tri T. "Development of Compact Multimodal Optical Imaging and Medical Assessment Systems." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1452533192.
Повний текст джерелаAdeogun, Oluseun. "Informatics for devices within telehealth systems for monitoring chronic diseases." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/6493.
Повний текст джерелаTjhin, Poi Chung, and Rachita Pandey. "Inventory management strategy for the supply chain of a medical device company." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77474.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-98).
In the medical device industry, many companies rely on a high inventory strategy in order to meet their customers' urgent requirements, sometimes leading to excessive inventory. This problem is compounded when it involves a long supply chain with several stages of activities and with long delivery and processing lead times. It is further exacerbated when high inventory leads to the frequent expiry of items with short shelf lives, which is typical of surgical items that have to be sterilized. Good supply chain strategies can potentially lead to a significant reduction of the supply chain cost. Through the use of relevant mathematical formulae and Strategic Inventory Placement optimization method, this paper examines the extent of the usefulness of a few possible strategies, such as kitting architecture change and continuous review system, for a family of medical emergency surgical kits across the whole supply chain for a medical device company. The result shows that reducing production lead time and review period, as well as adopting certain kitting architecture changes can reduce inventory value by more than 60% and operating cost by more than 20%. In addition, the paper shows that the Strategic Inventory Placement method can further reduce the total inventory value and operating cost by increasing the inventory of finished products and reducing the inventory of components in the supply chain.
by Poi Chung Tjhin and Rachita Pandey.
M.Eng.in Logistics
Hinrichs, Saba. "A systems approach to improving patient safety through medical device purchasing." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/238973.
Повний текст джерелаO'Brien, Kathleen. "Inductively coupled radio frequency power transmission system for wireless systems and devices /." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015959229&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Повний текст джерелаAlEisa, Abdulaziz A. (Abdulaziz Asaad). "Production system improvement at a medical devices company : floor layout reduction and manpower analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78160.
Повний текст джерела"September 2012." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 84).
Due to the low demand and the need to introduce other production lines in the floor, the medical devices company wants to optimize the utilization of space and manpower for the occlusion system product. This thesis shows the approaches and methodology used to reduce the occlusion system's floor area from 1528 ft² to 1052 ft². Also, it provides a detailed analysis of the manpower at the occlusion system assembly lines. The analysis includes different models that were developed and simulated using different number of available operators and batch sizes. The results show the maximum production rate for each subassembly using the existing production benches, tools, and equipment. Furthermore, a manpower model was recommended for each subassembly of the occlusion system along with the necessary cross training requirements based on the current average demand.
by Abdulaziz A. Aleisa.
M.Eng.in Manufacturing
Moutinho, Luís Miguel da Conceição. "Studies on the NEXT experiment tracking system and development of medical devices with SiPMs." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/18637.
Повний текст джерелаOs recentes desenvolvimentos na área dos fotodetectores de estado sólido, nomeadamente os fotomulplicadores de silício (SiPM), permitiram a proliferação desta tecnologia num vasto número de aplicações em áreas distintas. Estes fotosensores robustos, versáteis e com um preço competitivo, tornaram-se uma das mais promissoras alternativas aos tubos fotomultiplicadores para deteção de baixo nível de luz, especialmente para aplicações onde é necessário um grande número de fotodetectores. Estes fotosensores multi-pixel, são capazes de deteção de fotão único, permitindo obter ao mesmo tempo informação sobre fotão de interação e energia. Os estudos realizados no âmbito deste programa doutoral e reportados neste documento dividem-se em três aplicações principais: colaboração no desenvolvimento do sistema de rastreamento (tracking system) da experiência NEXT na área da física de neutrinos e Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay (0⌫""), que comporta ⇠7.000 SIPMs para identificação da assinatura 0⌫"", um dosímetro para braquiterapia de próstata e um sistema PET didático - easyPET. Foram realizados vários estudos para caracterização da nova geração de SiPMS. Como verificado, estes dispositivos apresentam características melhoradas tais como uma maior eficiência quântica e menor crosstalk, afterpulsing e sensibilidade térmica. Esta nova geração de SiPMs adequa-se aos requisitos para aplicação no tracking system no NEXT. No entanto, uma maior eficiência quântica no ultravioleta de vazio (VUV) é desejável. Foi avaliada a aplicação de SiPMs em sensores de radiação para dosimetria médica. Foi desenvolvido um dosímetro com base em fibra ótica cintilante. O dispositivo foi caracterizado numa larga gama de energia e em regimes de baixa e de alta taxa de dose. O dosímetro foi avaliado em ambiente clínico recriando as condições de braquiterapia HDR, tratamento aplicado no tratamento de cancros da próstata e mama. Conforme verificado, os SiPM apresentam elevada dependência com a temperatura sendo portanto necessárias técnicas de compensação ou de estabilização. O protótipo do easyPET foi implementado com sucesso. A tecnologia foi licenciada e é esperada a sua comercialização até ao fim do ano de 2016. Dos estudos realizados nas várias aplicações, conclui-se que os SiPMs são fotodetectores muito versáteis devido à sua alta sensibilidade, elevado ganho, insensibilidade a campos magnéticos, de rápida resposta e de pequenas dimensões, abrindo a possibilidade de aplicação desta tecnologia em múltiplos campos permitindo uma infinidade de novos conceitos de detectores, tais como na física de alta energia e aplicações de imagiologia biomédica.
The recent developments of solid-state photodetectors, namely Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs), allowed a proliferation of this technology through numerous applications. These robust and versatile photosensors with an attractive price have become one of most promising alternatives for low light level detection, especially for applications where a large number of devices is required. These multi-pixel photosensors, capable of single photon detection, allow to obtain at the same time information on photon-interaction and energy. The Ph.D studies reported in this document cover three main applications: the NEXT experiment, a Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay (0⌫"" ) experiment using ⇠7000 SiPMs in the tracking system for topological signature identification, a dosimeter for prostate brachytherapy and a simple PET system for education purposes - the easyPET. Several studies were conducted envisaging the characterization of a new generation of SiPMs. As verified, these devices present improved features such as higher quantum e
ANDRADE, Rony Marcolino de. ""Uma abordagem para construção de modelos de dispositivos médicos para testes de sistemas médicos físico-cibernéticos"." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2016. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1619.
Повний текст джерелаMade available in DSpace on 2018-08-31T22:34:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RONY MARCOLINO DE ANDRADE – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGCC) 2016.pdf: 3165388 bytes, checksum: e26452f5e3e73c3c717d633f0d6743b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-02
Os Sistemas Físico-Cibernéticos (SFC) são sistemas que surgiram da confluência da conectividade das redes, dos dispositivos embarcados e do controle computacional sobre processos físicos. Dessa forma os SFC se caracterizam como sistemas de controle, monitoramento e supervisão com componentes físicos e virtuais, que dependem de agentes humanos no processo. Nesse sentido, a combinação dos SFC à física dinâmica e complexa dos pacientes clínicos faz surgir uma classe distintas de sistemas médicos denominada de Sistemas Médicos Físico-Cibernéticos (SMFC). No domínio industrial há plantas que possuem sensores e atuadores que muitas vezes dependem de agentes humanos para manutenção e controle. Diferentemente, no domínio da saúde, o ser humano é o próprio processo a ser controlado, onde sensores e atuadores são os dispositivos médicos, e os agentes humanos são os cuidadores. Esse trabalho propõe uma abordagem para a construção de modelos de dispositivos médicos, como parte de um conjunto de artefatos para apoiar os testes de SMFC. Esta abordagem se baseia em modelos de referência que simulam o funcionamento de dispositivos médicos. Especificações técnicas fornecidas pelos fabricantes desses dispositivos, juntamente com diretrizes disponibilizadas por agências reguladoras, foram utilizadas para a definição da abordagem proposta. Além disso, um estudo de caso com três dispositivos médicos foi desenvolvido com o fim de validar a abordagem, criando artefatos e modelos de referência.
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are systems that have emerged from the confluence of the connectivity of networks, embedded devices and computer control of physical processes. Thus, SFC are characterized as control, monitoring and supervision systems with physical and virtual components, which depend on human agents in the process. In this sense, the combination of SFC dynamic and complex physics of medical patients enable a distinct class of medical systems called Medical Cyber Physical Systems (MCPS). In the industrial area, there are plants with sensors and actuators that often rely on human agents for maintenance and control. On the other hand, in the field of health, human being is the process itself to be controlled, where sensors and actuators are medical devices and human agents are caregivers. MCPS perform monitoring and control of human health with high levels of security. This paper proposes an approach to build models of medical devices, as part of a set of artifacts to support MCPS testing. This approach is based on reference models which simulate the operation of medical devices. Technical specifications provide by manufacturers of these devices, along with guidelines provided by regulatory agencies, were used for the definition of the proposed approach. Moreover, a case study with three medical device was designed to validate the approach, creating some artifacts and reference models.
Maric, Danilo. "Firmware development of a User Interface on medical devices of DIMA ITALIA Srl." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Знайти повний текст джерелаDicko, Ali Hamadi. "Construction of musculoskeletal systems for anatomical simulation." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM084/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe use of virtual humans has spread in various activities in recent years.Beyond virtual surgery, virtual bodies are increasingly used to design medical devices, vehicles, and daily life hardware more generally.They also turn out to be extraordinary supports to learn anatomy.Recent movies (Avatar, Lord of the Rings, etc) demonstrated that anatomy and biomechanics can be used to design high-quality characters.However, reproducing the behavior of anatomical structures remains a complex task, and a great amount and variety of knowledge is necessary for setting up high quality simulations.This makes the modeling of human body for simulation purposes an open problem, a tedious task, but also a fascinating research subject.Through this PhD, we address the problem of the construction of biomechanical models of the musculoskeletal systems for several domains : animation, biomechanics and teaching.Our goal is to simplify the entire process of model design by making it more intuitive and faster.Our approach is to address each difficulty : the representation and use of anatomical knowledge, the geometrical modeling and the efficient simulation of the musculoskeletal system thanks to three novel contributions introduced during these research works.Our first contribution focuses on the biomechanical construction of a hybrid model of lumbar spine.In this work, we show that hybrid approaches that combine both rigid body systems and finite element models allow interactive simulations, accurate, while respecting the principles of anatomy and mechanics.Our second contribution addresses the problem of the complexity of anatomical, physiological and functional knowledge.Based on a novel ontology of anatomical functions of the human body, we introduce a novel pipeline to automatically build models that simulate physiological functions of our bodies.The ontology allows us to extract detailed knowledge using simple queries.The outputs of these queries are used to set up simulation models of the functional aspects as they were formalized and described by anatomists.Finally our third contribution, the anatomy transfer, allows the mapping of available geometrical and mechanical models to the morphology of any specific individual.This novel registration method enables the automatic construction of the internal anatomy of any character defined by his skin, by transferring organs from a reference character.It allows to overcome the need to re-construct these geometries for each new simulation, and it contributes to accelerate the simulations setup for a range of people with different morph
Broniatowski, David André 1982. "A method for analysis of expert committee decision-making applied to FDA medical device panels." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62617.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 254-263).
Committees of experts are critical for decision-making in engineering systems. This is because the complexity of these systems requires that information is pooled from across multiple specialties and domains of knowledge. The social elements of technical decision-making are not well understood, particularly among expert committees. This is largely due to a lack of methodology for directly studying such interactions in real-world situations. This thesis presents a method for the analysis of transcripts of expert committee meetings, with an eye towards understanding the process by which information is communicated in order to reach a decision. In particular, we focus on medical device advisory panels in the US Food and Drug Administration. The method is based upon natural language processing tools, and is designed to extract social networks in the form of directed graphs from the meeting transcripts which are representative of the flow of information and communication on the panel. Application of this method to a set of 37 meetings from the FDA's Circulatory Systems Devices Panel shows the presence of numerous effects. Prominent among these is the propensity for panel members from similar medical specialties to use similar language. Furthermore, panel members who use similar language tend to vote similarly. We find that these propensities are correlated - i.e., as panel members' language converges by medical specialty, panel members' votes also converge. This suggests that voting behavior is mediated by membership in a medical specialty and supports the notion that voting outcome is, to some extent, dependent on an interpretation of the data associated with training, particularly when a small number of interpretations of the data are possible. Furthermore, there is some preliminary evidence to suggest that as clinical trial data ambiguity and difficulty of decisionmaking increases, the strength of the mediating effect of medical specialty decreases. Assuming a common decision is reached, this might indicate that committee members are able to overcome their specialty perspective as the committee jointly deals with hard problems over longer periods of time. In cases where the panel's vote is split, a lack of linguistic coherence among members of the same medical specialty correlates with a lack of linguistic coherence among members who vote the same way. This could be due to the presence of multiple interpretations of the data, leading to idiosyncratic or value-based choice. We also find that voting outcome is associated with the order in which panel members ask questions - a sequence set by the committee chair. Members in the voting minority are more likely to ask questions later than are members in the voting majority. Voting minority members are also more likely to be graph sinks (i.e., nodes in a social network that have no outflow) than are voting majority members. This suggests an influence mechanism on these panels that might be associated with framing - i.e., later speakers seem to be less able to convince other panel members to discuss their topics of interest contributing to these members' minority status. These results may have some relation to FDA panel procedures and structure. Finally, we present a computational model that embodies a theory of panel voting procedures. Model results are compared to empirical results and implications are drawn for the design of expert committees and their associated procedures in engineering systems.
by David André Broniatowski.
Ph.D.
Melli, Mauro. "Mechanical resonating devices and their applications in biomolecular studies." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/4646.
Повний текст джерелаBONFANTI, Silvia (ORCID:0000-0001-9679-4551). "Rigorous Model-based Development of Programmable Electronic Medical Systems (PEMS): from Requirements to Code." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/77230.
Повний текст джерелаCauchi, Abigail. "Using analytical and empirical techniques for improving medical device number entry systems design." Thesis, Swansea University, 2014. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42965.
Повний текст джерелаAntoine, Blandine. "Systems Theoretic Hazard Analysis (STPA) applied to the risk review of complex systems : an example from the medical device industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79424.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Traditional methods to identify and document hazards, and the corresponding safety constraints, are lacking in their ability to account for human, software and sub-system interactions in highly technical systems. STAMP, a systems-theoretic accident causality model, was created to overcome these limitations. The application of STAMP hazard analysis method STPA to five sub-systems of the Paul Scherrer Institute's experimental PROSCAN proton therapy system demonstrated how STPA can augment design and risk review of existing complex systems. Two of the five human controllers active in treatment delivery, two of the four process attributes controlled by the PROSCAN facility, and one of the four control loops that control the beam to target alignment attribute were analyzed. In doing so, the following contributions were made: - Analyzed the regulations currently in place in the US and Europe for the marketing of external beam radiotherapy devices and, more generally, medical devices that do not contain radioactive materials, concluding that STPA would be acceptable in both regulatory systems; - Provided experience in applying STPA to a complex device. Information on efficacy was derived by comparing STPA results with an existing safety assessment but a more formal counterpart is needed for stronger evidence. Information on learnability and usability was obtained when an informal workshop showed that system designers, in the course of one day, could be taught to use STPA to push their thinking about yet to be designed system elements; - Demonstrated the applicability of STPA to an experimental radiotherapy facility and, through this feasibility check, potentially influenced the state of the art in hazard analysis of medical devices and health care delivery; - Advanced the STPA methodology by creating notations and a process to document, query and visualize the possibly large number of hazardous scenarios identified by STPA analyses, with the goal of facilitating their review and use by their intended audience; Showed how STPA is complementary to more traditional hazard analysis techniques such as fault and event trees. Their respective strengths can be summoned when STPA is used to identify areas on which to focus the investigation lens of traditional hazard analysis techniques. Keywords: STAMP, STPA, hazard analysis, risk analysis, risk management, proton therapy, medical devices, safety, certification
by Blandine Antoine.
Ph.D.
Dev, Nishanth K. (Nishanth Krishna). "Developing an Asia-Pacific manufacturing footprint strategy in the medical device industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80992.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-126).
As medical device manufacturers operating in the Asia-Pacific region are planning for increased demand in the near future, they must evaluate their manufacturing footprint strategies to determine if they are getting the most value out of their supply chains given the various incentives and costs associated with regional manufacturing. Company X is investigating manufacturing expansion opportunities for medical devices due to the significant revenue growth rates expected for the Asia-Pacific region, especially in the emerging markets. This thesis deals with the development of a repeatable methodology that can be used to evaluate various medical device products and manufacturing capabilities for Asia-Pacific sourcing. The methodology was tested on a selected subsidiary to determine if a regional manufacturing opportunity exists. Furthermore, a business process, which includes insights into data collection, team formation, and implementation of footprint decisions, was developed for Company X to use in determining its overall network strategy for the sector. Other manufacturers can apply the methodology and the business process in the development of their manufacturing footprint strategies as well. Although the results from the decision analysis did not favor expansion of the manufacturing operations for the selected Product Line B in the Asia-Pacific region, they helped in identifying the key factors that would favor regional expansion. In addition, crucial factors that may be difficult to quantify, such as intellectual property rights, must be considered before making a expansion decision, even if it is the favored outcome based on the results of the decision analysis for other product lines or subsidiaries.
by Nishanth K. Dev.
S.M.
M.B.A.
Björklund, Pernilla. "The curious case of artificial intelligence : An analysis of the relationship between the EU medical device regulations and algorithmic decision systems used within the medical domain." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-442122.
Повний текст джерелаLeal, Michael J. "Effect of pixel size and scintillator on image quality of a CCD-based digital x-ray imaging system." Link to electronic thesis, 2001. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0502101-123456.
Повний текст джерелаBenjamin, Valencia. "Experiences of professional nurses with regard to accessing information at the point-of-care via mobile-computing devices at a public hospital." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020193.
Повний текст джерелаHakemibarabadi, Amir. "Robust control of a wireless power transfer system for ventricular assist devices." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/229219/1/Amir_Hakemibarabadi_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMykityshyn, Amy L. "Toward age-related training methodologies for sequence-based systems : an evaluation using a home medical device." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28746.
Повний текст джерелаKativu, Tatenda Kevin. "A framework for the secure consumerisation of mobile, handheld devices in the healthcare institutional context." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18630.
Повний текст джерелаScandurra, Isabella. "Building Usability into Health Informatics : Development and Evaluation of Information Systems for Shared Homecare." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8403.
Повний текст джерелаGarner, Robin S. "A Comparative Analysis of Data Collection Systems Used in Radiography Educational Programs and the Role Mobile Electronic Devices Play." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2592.
Повний текст джерелаKhoury, Gregory Robert. "A strategic, system-based knowledge management approach to dealing with high error rates in the deployment of point-of-care devices." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96206.
Повний текст джерелаThere is a growing trend towards the use of point of care testing in resource poor settings, in particular in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Tuberculosis (TB) and Malaria. The Alere PIMA CD4 counter is widely used as a point of care device in the staging and management of HIV. While the instrument has been extensively validated and shown to be comparable to central laboratory testing, little is known about the error rates of these devices, as well as the factors that contribute to error rates. This research was a retrospective analysis of error rates from 61 PIMA point of care devices deployed in nine African countries belonging to Medisciens Sans Frontiers. The data was collected between January 2011 and June 2013. The objectives of the study were to determine the overall error rate and, where possible, determine the root cause. Thereafter the study aimed to determine the variables that contribute to the root causes and make recommendations to reduce the error rate. The overall error was determined to be 13.2 percent. The errors were further divided into four root causes and error rates assigned to each root cause based on the error codes generated by the instrument. These error rates were found to be operator error (48.4%), instrument error (2.0%), reagent/cartridge error (1%) and sample error (4.3%). It was found that a high percentage of the errors were ambiguous (44.3%), meaning that they had more than one possible root cause. A systems-based knowledge management approach was used to create a qualitative politicised influence diagram, which described the variables that affect each of the root causes. The influence diagram was subjected to loop analysis where individual loops were described in terms of the knowledge type (tacit or explicit), the knowing type (know-how, know-who, know-what and know-why), and the actors involved with each variable. Where possible, the variable was described as contributing to pre-analytical, analytical or post-analytical error. Recommendations to reduce the error rates for each of the variables were then made based on the findings.
Danko, Charlott. "Traceability of Medical Devices Used During Surgeries : A Study of the Current Traceability System at the Karolinska University Hospital in Solna and Research of Improvement." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279135.
Повний текст джерелаHogaboam, Liliya Stepanivna. "Assessment of Technology Adoption Potential of Medical Devices: Case of Wearable Sensor Products for Pervasive Care in Neurosurgery and Orthopedics." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4205.
Повний текст джерелаSetiawan, Stanley. "Design and Tests of a Biofeedback Based Weight Bearing Rehabilitation Device." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-262866.
Повний текст джерелаI takt med att utvecklingen av rehabilitationsapparater i övre extremiteterna fortsätter att växa, har rehabiliteringsanordningar för nedre extremiteterna begränsad utveckling. Således gjordes en anordning som mäter viktbearbetning av häl och framfot under gång och också ger hörselåterkoppling vid vissa trösklar i detta projekt. Enheten var konstruerad baserad på en ARM-Core mikrokontroller och stöds av 5 kraftsavkännande motståndssensorer för varje fot. Kommunikation mellan modulerna och datorn som GUI upprättades medhjälp av ett UART-gränssnitt. För testning placerades sensorer under foten meden töjbar duk så att varje olika försöks tryckpunkter placerades korrekt. Den biofeedback som användes för den här enheten var genom att aktivera en summer och LED inbäddad i det konstruerade kortet som slås på när hälslaget eller skjutstoppet nådde en viss tröskel. Testningen delades in i fas en och två. Frånfas ett drogs slutsatsen att både push off och hälstreffhändelse kan ha en avläsningsom överstiger 8.5% av kroppsvikt. Den användes sedan som en tröskelför biofeedback-händelsen. Under biofeedback-testen noterades förbättringar i försökspersonernas gångmönster och läsning. Resultaten tyder på att biofeedback kan förändra beteendet hos ämnet.
Germundsson, Frida, and Nicole Kvist. "MDR 2017/745 - New EU Regulation for Medical Devices: A Process Description for EHR Manufacturers on How to Fulfill the Regulation." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279137.
Повний текст джерелаPashaei, Vida. "Flexible Body-Conformal Ultrasound Systems for Autonomous Image-Guided Neuromodulation." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1621006180331273.
Повний текст джерела