Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Mécanisme d’action antibactérien"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Mécanisme d’action antibactérien"
Bouyahya, A., Y. Bakri, A. Et-Touys, A. Talbaoui, A. Khouchlaa, S. Charfi, J. Abrini, and N. Dakka. "Résistance aux antibiotiques et mécanismes d’action des huiles essentielles contre les bactéries." Phytothérapie 16, S1 (December 2018): S173—S183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/phyto-2019-0147.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Jin, Aigin Wang, Chengzhi Zhang, and Yuting Wang. "Agents antibactériens inorganiques utilisés dans les matériaux de construction : mécanismes d’action, sécurité et effet à long terme." Annales de chimie Science des Matériaux 39, no. 1-2 (June 28, 2015): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/acsm.39.93-105.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Mécanisme d’action antibactérien"
Costa, André Sónia Maria. "Mécanisme d’action et relation structure-fonction des temporines SH, une famille de peptides antimicrobiens de la peau d’Amphibien." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066757.
Повний текст джерелаAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are key effectors of innate immunity that provide a first line of defense against pathogens. These peptides typically have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and act rapidly and efficiently through a membranolytic mechanism that limits the development of resistance. With the emergence of resistant microorganisms, a major public health concern, AMPs therefore represent good candidates for the therapeutic development of new and valuable compounds. During my thesis, I focused on AMP from amphibian skin. Firstly, five potential AMP precursors were identified from the frog Trachycephalus resinifictrix using a combined biochemical /molecular biology approach. Among these, two correspond to cathelicidin precursors, two were similar to the “AMP/opioid“ precursors (T. venulosus), and one was similar to hylareleasin precursors (Hyla simplex). Secondly, I was interested in temporins SH, small AMPs previously isolated from the frog Pelophylax saharicus by our team. We performed structure-activity relationship studies on temporin-SHf, the smallest linear amphibian AMP known to date (8 residues). This allowed us to identify several potent analogs with a higher therapeutic index. Furthermore, we also thoroughly studied the mechanism of action of temporin-SHa and its analogs. We showed that temporins act rapidly through a membranolytic mechanism, leading to bacterial membrane disruption (detergent-like effect). For Leishmania promastigotes, the same membranolytic mechanism was observed with also a temporin-induced apoptosis that takes place at higher peptide concentrations. Finally, biophysical and biological techniques enabled us to structurally and functionally characterize temporin-SHe. Like temporin-SHa, this peptide displayed a broad-spectrum activity including Leishmania. Our results indicate that temporins could serve as lead compounds to develop a new class of therapeutic anti-infective peptides
Joanne, Pierre. "Les plasticines, peptides antibactériens de la peau de grenouille : versatilité fonctionnelle, adaptabilité des structures et des interactions membranaires." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066464.
Повний текст джерелаJacry, Cécile. "Découverte de nouvelles molécules antibiotiques et caractérisation de leurs modes d'action." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASL009.
Повний текст джерелаFlavonoids are secondary metabolites widespread in plants and belong to a large family of chemical compounds of industrial interest. Flavonoids are an important source of new drugs and nutraceuticals because of their antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, anticancer activities. Our study focuses on the characterization of the antibacterial activity of flavonoids specifically targeting Gram-positive bacteria. The objectives of my research work are i) to establish efficient and rapid screening methodologies to evaluate the antibacterial activity of flavonoids and ii) to determine the mechanisms of action of antibacterial flavonoids. The characterization of the antibacterial activity of flavonoids was carried out with flavonoid toxicity tests against the Gram-positive model bacterium B. subtilis by Live Cell Array method, which measures the bacterial growth kinetics. Several strategies were used to decipher the mode(s) of action of the flavonoids, such as screening a flavonoid library for new compounds active against B. subtilis, screening a collection of B. subtilis mutants for the identification of genes involved in the flavonoid response of B. subtilis, an adaptive laboratory evolution of B. subtilis in presence of flavonoid to obtain and characterize flavonoid-resistant strains, and finally an analysis of the transcriptional response of B. subtilis in the presence of flavonoids. Two flavonoids already identified in the literature to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, pinocembrin and naringenin, have antibacterial activity against B. subtilis. A 50% decrease in growth rate was observed in the presence of 93 mg.L ⁻¹ or 32 mg.L ⁻¹ of naringenin or pinocembrin respectively.To decipher the mechanisms of action of the flavonoids, a collection of 63 flavonoids was screened and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for each flavonoid in the presence of B. subtilis. 17 flavonoids were found to be particularly active against B. subtilis. The attempt to establish a QSAR (quantitative structure activity relationship) model with the 17 active flavonoids was unfortunately not conclusive because, despite obtaining a high quality linear regression (R² ≈ 0.9), cross-validation by using leave-one-out basic method was not obtained. The only plausible explanation for this failure is that the number of modes of action present is too high for a set of 17 compounds, thus rendering the QSAR model obsolete. In a screen of 67 mutants of B. subtilis, eight genes involved in the response to flavonoids (naringenin and pinocembrin) were identified, two of which belong to the LmrA/QdoR regulon, already identified in the literature to respond to flavonoids. The B. subtilis strains ∆lmrA and ∆qdoI are respectively more sensitive and more resistant to naringenin and pinocembrin. The 17 flavonoids previously identified and active against B. subtilis induce a flavonoid-specific transcriptional response according to our analysis of the activity of 10 promoters with the use of transcriptional fusions with a reporter gene. This analysis is consistent with the transcriptomic study carried out for the characterization of the response of B. subtilis in the presence of 5 flavonoids; 2'hydroxyflavanone, bavachine, naringenin, pinocembrin and resokaempferol. Several modes of action of the flavonoids in B. subtilis were identified, involving induction of the stringent response, inhibition of metabolic pathways for cell membrane and cell wall synthesis, and inhibition of central carbon metabolism
Jasniewski, Jordane. "Étude des mécanismes d'action de bactériocines de la sous classe IIa." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL100N/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe action site of sub-class IIa bacteriocins is the cytoplasmic membrane of Gram-positive bacteria. The current view of the mechanism of action is divided into three steps: (i) adsorption of bacteriocins on the membrane; (ii) apparition of the structures of peptide and integration into the lipid double layer (iii) formation of pores. The presence of pores leads to efflux of vital cell compounds. They cause growth stop or bacterial death. The degree of penetration of mesenterocin 52A into the membrane was measured by fluorescence anisotropy of two probes, TMA-DPH and the DPH, which target the surface or the depth of the membrane, respectively. Different results were obtained with two bacterial species of the genus Listeria. In the first hand, the peptide is partially inserted into the membrane and in the second hand in depth. These results suggest that mesenterocin 52A can exhibit two different mechanisms leading to the same antibacterial effect. To better understand the interactions between bacteriocins and the target cell, the degree of penetration of mesenterocin 52A into the membrane of three Leuconostoc strains, the first sensitive, the second naturally resistant and last induced resistant, was characterized. It seems that the resistance phenotype is correlated with physical and chemical properties of the cell envelope. To generalize the results observed with mesenterocin 52A, other bacteriocins of sub-class IIa, the carnobacteriocins Cbn BM1 and Cbn B2, produced by Carnobacterium maltaromaticum CP5 strain, were studied. These bacteriocins were produced in E. coli and subsequently purified. The optimization of the production process in a reactor led to purify up to 300 mg of peptides for 1.5 liter of culture. The mode of action of carnobacteriocins, alone or in combination, was determined with prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells as targets. The carnobacteriocins Cbn BM1 and Cbn B2 have a synergistic mode of action against sensitive bacteria and are not cytotoxic against Caco-2 cell line
Bouarab, Lynda. "Évaluation du potentiel et de voies innovantes de mise en oeuvre de composés phénoliques antimicrobiens d’origine végétale pour la conservation des aliments." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1084.
Повний текст джерелаThe plant kingdom is a renewable resource of a wide range of biologically active secondary metabolites. This thesis proposes a multidisciplinary strategy for evaluating the potential of plant-derived antimicrobial phenolic compounds for food preservation. A screening of the antimicrobial activity in vitro against 8 strains of foodborne pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms of a hundred pure molecules and about sixty plant extracts allowed to select the most active. Different mechanisms of action with respect to S. aureus could be demonstrated by flow cytometry coupled with the use of probes of the physiological state of the bacteria for some of the selected active compounds. For application to beef, the antibacterial activity of the most active phenolic compounds or plant extracts has been re-evaluated in more complex culture media mimicking their protein and fat content. The results of this screening and a microbiological monitoring of minced beef with 1% (m / m) of added extract made it possible to observe that the observed losses of antibacterial activity were in particular correlated with the interactions of the phenolic compounds with the proteins or fat. Incorporation of phenolic compounds or plant extracts into packaging materials in contact with food constituted was the second proposed route of implementation. Plastic films that retain antibacterial activity have thus been able to be prepared by melting
Частини книг з теми "Mécanisme d’action antibactérien"
Goetz, Paul, and Kamel Ghedira. "Mécanisme d’action antibactérienne des huiles essentielles." In Collection Phytothérapie Pratique, 193–208. Paris: Springer Paris, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0058-5_9.
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