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Статті в журналах з теми "McArthur Group"

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Blaikie, Teagan, and Marcus Kunzmann. "Sub-basin architecture of the Proterozoic McArthur Group, southern McArthur Basin." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2019, no. 1 (November 11, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22020586.2019.12073083.

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Womer, M. B. "HYDROCARBON OCCURRENCE AND DIAGENETIC HISTORY WITHIN PROTEROZOIC SEDIMENTS, McARTHUR RIVER AREA, NORTHERN TERRITORY, AUSTRALIA." APPEA Journal 26, no. 1 (1986): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj85031.

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The stratigraphy of the Proterozoic in the McArthur River area of Northern Territory consists of the basal, non-economic Tawallah Group, overlain unconformably by dolomitic carbonates and clastics of the McArthur Group, in turn overlain disconformably by Roper Group clastics. Several shows of tarry to brittle bitumen have been reported in sandstones of the Roper Group and in dolomites of the McArthur Group.In thin sections, the bitumen commonly displays shrinkage cracks, apparently associated with the loss of volatiles. Secondary minerals are observed infilling some of the cracks, indicating those phases of diagenesis which occurred subsequent to breaching of the hydrocarbon bearing reservoir. Additionally, the contact relationships of bitumen with the secondary minerals indicate a relatively early migration of hydrocarbons into the reservoir rocks.The inferred sequence for the McArthur Group dolomites is: early dolomitization and silicification, formation of vuggy (vadose) porosity, authigenic deposition of chalcedony at shallow burial depth, cementation by quartz at deep burial depth, migration of hydrocarbons (contemporaneous with sulphide formation), breaching of the reservoir, degradation of hydrocarbons, and deposition of sparry dolomite cement. The inferred sequence of diagenesis for Roper Group clastic reservoirs in this area is: authigenic deposition of minor quartz and illite cement, migration of hydrocarbon, breaching of the reservoir, major authigenic deposition of quartz and illite, degradation of hydrocarbon, and cementation by dolomite, hematite, and kaolinite.
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Jackson, J., I. P. Sweet, and T. G. Powell. "STUDIES ON PETROLEUM GEOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PROTEROZOIC, McARTHUR BASIN NORTHERN AUSTRALIA I: PETROLEUM POTENTIAL." APPEA Journal 28, no. 1 (1988): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj87022.

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Mature, rich, potential source beds and adjacent potential reservoir beds exist in the Middle Proterozoic sequence (1400-1800 Ma) of the McArthur Basin. The McArthur and Nathan Groups consist mainly of evaporitic and stromatolitic cherty dolostones interbedded with dolomitic siltstone and shale. They were deposited in interfingering marginal marine, lacustrine and fluvial environments. Lacustrine dolomitic siltstones form potential source beds, while potential reservoirs include vuggy brecciated carbonates associated with penecontemporaneous faulting and rare coarse-grained clastics. In contrast, the younger Roper Group consists of quartz arenite, siltstone and shale that occur in more uniform facies deposited in a stable marine setting. Both source and reservoir units are laterally extensive (over 200 km).Five potential source rocks at various stages of maturity have been discovered. Two of these source rocks, the lacustrine Barney Creek Formation in the McArthur Group and the marine Velkerri Formation in the Roper Group, compare favourably in thickness and potential with rich demonstrated source rocks in major oil-producing provinces. There is abundant evidence of migration of hydrocarbons at many stratigraphic levels. The geology and reservoir characteristics of the sediments in combination with the distribution of potential source beds, timing of hydrocarbon generation, evidence for migration and chances of preservation have been used to rank the prospectivity of the various stratigraphic units in different parts of the basin.
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Jarrett, Amber J. M., Tim J. Munson, Ben Williams, Adam H. E. Bailey, and Tehani Palu. "Petroleum supersystems in the greater McArthur Basin, Northern Territory, Australia: prospectivity of the world’s oldest stacked systems with emphasis on the McArthur Supersystem." APPEA Journal 62, no. 1 (May 13, 2022): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj21018.

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This study assesses the prospectivity of the world’s oldest known stacked petroleum systems from the Proterozoic greater McArthur Basin (Northern Territory, Australia), which has immense potential to host both conventional natural gas and oil, in addition to shale-gas accumulations. The Mesoproterozoic succession of the Beetaloo Sub-basin and surrounding region hosts the Territory’s premier shale-gas play and is at an advanced stage of exploration for shale hydrocarbon plays. However, there is also potential for natural gas in older sedimentary packages, with flows and shows reported in underlying Paleoproterozoic successions. At the continent-scale, four regional petroleum supersystems are identified and described in order to provide a platform for consistent nomenclature at the sedimentary package and group level; in ascending stratigraphic order; these are the Paleoproterozoic Redbank and McArthur supersystems, the Paleoproterozoic–Mesoproterozoic Lawn Supersystem, and the Mesoproterozoic Beetaloo Supersystem. The Redbank and Lawn supersystems are newly named and defined, and the Beetaloo Supersystem is renamed from the former Urapungan Supersystem. Eight possible conventional natural gas plays and six shale-gas plays are documented within the McArthur Supersystem, which incorporates Glyde Package successions of the McArthur Basin and the Birrindudu Basin. Petroleum play concepts are also described from this supersystem to assist with assessing the potential for gas resources. A better understanding of the petroleum systems of the greater McArthur Basin is critical to the targeting of areas for geoscience data acquisition in order to facilitate the reduction of exploration search space; and it enables a more rigorous assessment of the potential for conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources at local (play) and regional scales.
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Kunzmann, Marcus, Susanne Schmid, Teagan N. Blaikie, and Galen P. Halverson. "Facies analysis, sequence stratigraphy, and carbon isotope chemostratigraphy of a classic Zn-Pb host succession: The Proterozoic middle McArthur Group, McArthur Basin, Australia." Ore Geology Reviews 106 (March 2019): 150–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.01.011.

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Montepare, Joann M., and Leslie Zebrowitz-McArthur. "Children's Perceptions of Babyfaced Adults." Perceptual and Motor Skills 69, no. 2 (October 1989): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1989.69.2.467.

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Drawing on McArthur and Baron's (1983) ecological theory of social perception, the present research examined younger and older children's ability to differentiate male and female adults who varied in the babyishness of their facial appearance. Children's perceptions of the targets' dominance and warmth were also assessed. Systematic effects were found on all measures and were qualified by targets' sex and children's age group.
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Spinks, Samuel C., Susanne Schmid, Anais Pagés, and Josh Bluett. "Evidence for SEDEX-style mineralization in the 1.7 Ga Tawallah Group, McArthur Basin, Australia." Ore Geology Reviews 76 (July 2016): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.01.007.

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Li, Zenghua, Kathryn M. Bethune, Guoxiang Chi, Sean A. Bosman, and Colin D. Card. "Topographic features of the sub-Athabasca Group unconformity surface in the southeastern Athabasca Basin and their relationship to uranium ore deposits." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 52, no. 10 (October 2015): 903–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2015-0048.

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Topographic features of the sub-Athabasca unconformity surface, such as paleovalleys, topographic highs, and fault scarps, have been documented locally in the eastern Athabasca Basin, and available data indicate that they are spatially associated with mineralization. However, the mechanisms by which such topographic features were generated, their size and distribution at the regional scale, as well as their relationship to mineralization, are still not completely understood. A 100 by 60 square kilometre area of the southeastern Athabasca Basin, encompassing the McArthur River, Phoenix, and Key Lake deposits, was selected to study the relationship between these topographic features and U mineralization. In this region three dominant sets of sub-vertical faults were identified on the basis of aeromagnetic data: northeast-trending, north–northwest-trending, and northwest-trending. A detailed three-dimensional (3-D) model of this part of the basin was constructed using data from more than 1200 drill holes. This model reveals numerous dominantly northeast-trending ridges and valleys in the unconformity surface. Among these, a prominent northeast-trending ridge is situated close to the McArthur River – Key Lake deposits trend. Structural interpretation and cross-sections illustrate that the topographic features that have been documented in previous studies are a function of three principal factors: (i) pre-Athabasca group ductile-brittle faulting and alteration; (ii) differential weathering and erosion; and (iii) syn- to post-Athabasca ductile-brittle reactivation of pre-existing graphite-rich ductile shear zones. The topographic features and associated faults may have acted as conduits and barriers to fluid flow and thus controlled alteration patterns and uranium mineralization.
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Cumming, G. L., and D. Krstic. "The age of unconformity-related uranium mineralization in the Athabasca Basin, northern Saskatchewan." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 8 (August 1, 1992): 1623–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-128.

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Age data are presented for major Athabasca Basin uranium deposits at Cigar Lake, Cluff Lake, Collins Bay, Dawn Lake, Eagle Point, McArthur River, Midwest, and Rabbit Lake, as well as for several minor or undeveloped deposits, including Hughes Lake and Nisto. The best constrained data indicate that almost all the deposits formed in a restricted time interval between about 1330 and 1380 Ma. This range of ages is believed to be real and not the result of uncertainties in the calculation of ages based on discordant data. The one major exception is the recently discovered NiAs-free deposit at McArthur River, for which a well-determined age of 1514 ± 18 Ma (2σ) has been obtained. Even this deposit yields an age in the1330–1380 Ma range for some material. Periods of reworking–redeposition occurred at ~1280, ~1000, ~575, and ~225 Ma. These may be basin-wide, affecting to some degree all the deposits that we have studied. Other times of redeposition are less well determined, but may be present as well. No ages that approach the ~1700 Ma age of the Athabasca Group have been found to date for unconformity-related deposits, and the Athabasca Basin mineralization is unrelated to the ~1750 Ma pitchblende vein deposits in the Beaverlodge Lake area.
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Valentino, Marissa, T. Kurt Kyser, Matthew I. Leybourne, Tom Kotzer, David Quirt, Philip Lypaczewski, Daniel Layton-Matthews, and Nicholas Joyce. "Mineralogy and petrogenesis of fracture coatings in Athabasca Group sandstones from the McArthur River uranium deposit." Canadian Mineralogist 59, no. 5 (September 1, 2021): 1021–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000098.

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ABSTRACT The McArthur River unconformity-related uranium deposit, located in the Athabasca Basin of Saskatchewan, Canada, is structurally hosted near the unconformity between Archean to Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary basement and the Proterozoic Athabasca Group sandstones. In this study, the mineralogy and geochemistry of fracture materials within the entire ca. 550 m thickness of the Athabasca Group sandstones and the metasedimentary (host) rocks from the McArthur River area were used to determine the paragenetic sequence and origin of minerals in and near the fractures. Our work sought to determine if the host minerals record elements associated with the uranium deposit at depth and if they could be used to guide exploration (vectoring). Fracture orientations indicate that most are moderately dipping (<50°) and provided permeable pathways for fluid movement within the basin, from below, and through the overlying sedimentary rocks. Many of the fractures and adjacent wall rocks record evidence of multiple distinct fluid events. Seven types of fracture fillings were identified from drill core intersecting the Athabasca Basin and present distinct colors, mineralogy, and chemical features. Brown (Type 1) and pink (Type 7) fractures host paragenetically late botryoidal goethite, Mn oxide minerals, and poorly crystallized kaolinite that formed from relatively recent low-temperature meteoric fluids, as indicated by poor crystallinity and low δ2H values of –198 to –115‰. These minerals variably replaced higher temperature minerals that are rarely preserved on the fractures or in wall rock near the fractures. Hydrothermal alteration associated with the mineralizing system at ca. 200 °C is recorded in assemblages of dickite, well-crystallized kaolinite, and spherulitic dravite in some white and yellow (Type 2) and white (Type 3) fractures, as reflected by the crystal habits and variable δ2H values of –85 to –44‰. Fibrous goethite in white and yellow (Type 2) and black and orange (Type 5) fractures and microfibrous Mn oxy-hydroxide minerals in black (Type 4) fractures also crystallized from hydrothermal fluids, but at temperatures less than 200 °C. White and yellow fractures (Type 2) containing fibrous goethite reflect fracture networks indicative of hydrothermal fluids associated with the mineralizing system during primary dispersion of pathfinder elements and therefore extend the deposit footprint. Brown (Type 1) and pink (Type 7) fractures have low δ2H values in botryoidal goethite and poorly crystallized kaolinite and are indicative of the movement of meteoric waters. Secondary dispersion of elements from the deposit to the surface on some fractures is evidence that fractures are pathways for element migration from the deposit to the surface, over distances exceeding ∼500 m.
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Дисертації з теми "McArthur Group"

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Smith, T. M. "‘McArthur’s Zircons, a Tale of Two Arenites’ – provenance and evolution of the Maiwok Sub-Group, McArthur Basin, Northern Territory." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/121233.

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The Beetaloo Basin is a sub-basin of the ‘greater McArthur Basin’, a >180,000 km2 ca. 1800-900 Ma basin system that covers much of northern Australia and, in its Mesoproterozoic section, hosts extensive hydrocarbon reserves. The nature of the basin and provenance of the rocks within the basin are largely unknown. Here I present detrital zircon U-Pb data from twelve sandstone core samples from the Maiwok Sub-group, and compare them with existing outcrop samples from the Urapunga Region within the McArthur Basin to examine the maximum depositional ages of the formations, to address intra-basin correlation, and examine both temporal and spatial provenance variations. Detritus analysed yielded early Palaeoarchean to early Neoproterozoic ages from sandstone formations of the Maiwok Sub-group, in the Beetaloo Basin (Fig. 1). In the Beetaloo Basin; the Bessie Creek Sandstone formation was deposited between 1386 ± 13 Ma and 1324 ± 8 Ma, and the Moroak Sandstone formation was deposited after1375 ± 15 Ma. The formation logged as the Moroak Sandstone (320.0-391.72m) in Altree 2 drillcore was logged incorrectly. Detrital zircon data has shown this sandstone is too young to be the Moroak Sandstone. I have reinterpreted this interval in Altree 2 as Bukalorkmi Sandstone from 359.5-391.72m and Jamison Sandstone from 320.0-359.5m (Fig. 7). In Altree 2, the Bukalorkmi Sandstone was deposited after 1194 ± 25 Ma and the Jamison Sandstone was deposited between 959 ± 18 Ma and 513 ± 12 Ma. Temporal provenance variations are minimal between the Bessie Creek Sandstone and the Moroak Sandstone, but much greater between the Moroak Sandstone and the Jamison/Bukalorkmi Sandstone formations. The Walton High defines a spatial provenance boundary from the north and the south (Fig. 12). This boundary affects Maiwok Sub-group sandstones, including exposed formations, and has been under appreciated in previous studies.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Physical Sciences, 2016
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McFadzean, G. J. "Geochemical analysis of the McArthur and Tawallah Groups, McArthur Basin: chemostratigraphy & palaeo-redox proxies using shales and carbonates." Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2440/136976.

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The lower portion of the McArthur Basin includes the Palaeoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic McArthur and Tawallah Groups. During this time, Earth had comparatively less oxygen following the beginning of ‘The Great Oxygenation Event’ (GOE, Palaeoproterozoic ca. 2.34 Ga) and organisms were simple. In conjunction, the ‘Boring Billion’ (1800 to 800 Ma) is an acknowledged period following the GOE due to reported flat carbon and oxygen isotope trends which is evidence for a relatively stable climate and delayed organism evolution. The aim of this thesis is to gather a coupled dataset using conventional geochemistry and organic geochemistry through the use of carbon/oxygen isotopes, redox sensitive trace elements (Mo, V and U), rare earth elements and organic carbon content in order to understand the oxygen conditions (through palaeo-redox techniques) within the lower portions of the Palaeoproterozoic McArthur Basin. Shale units of the McArthur and Tawallah groups (Mallapunyah, Wollogorang and Wuraliwuntya Formations) are shown to be deposited in a stratified oxygenation and sulfidic environment. These episodes of anoxia or euxinia are shown by elevated concentrations of rare earth elements (REE) and trace elements at specific drill core depth. Subtle and fluctuating cerium and europium anomalies along with trace and major elemental data were coupled by total organic carbon (TOC) to show a relationship with the organic matter within the Wollogorang Formation specifically. The trace elements seemingly concentrated within the regions of high organic content, which resulted in euxinia events causing elevated levels of trace metals. Potential trace metal elevations within the Wollogorang and Mallapunyah Formations specifically are compared against the reported evidence for sedimentary exhalative deposits (SedEX deposits). The Amelia Dolostone recorded carbon isotope values of 0 to -2‰ and oxygen isotope values of -5 to -9‰ - expected carbon and oxygen isotopic concentrations for the Palaeoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic Era.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Physical Sciences, 2019
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Capogreco, N. "Provenance and thermal history of the Beetaloo Basin using illite crystallinity and zircon geochronology and trace element data." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/126541.

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The Beetaloo Basin of the ‘greater McArthur Basin’, is a 15,000km2 Palaeoproterozoic depocenter which hosts shallow water, dominantly marine, clastic sedimentary rocks and is a large hydrocarbon reserve. Here I present LA-ICP-MS detrital zircon U-Pb age data, Rare Earth Elemental zircon and illite crystallinity XRD results and compare with existing studies to explore the variation in provenance throughout the basin and to better understand its temperature history as much of the basins’ history is still unknown. Nine sandstone and seventeen shale core samples were analysed. New constraints were placed on the depositional age for the Corcoran Formation to between 1390 ± 27 Ma and 1324 ± 4 Ma. The Velkerri Formation, Moroak Sandstone and Kyalla Formation of the Maiwok Sub-group all largely supported the results of previous studies yielding comparable maximum depositional ages. Zircon phosphorous concentrations revealed a largely I-type granitic source rock indicating the granites were formed in arc related settings. Detrital zircon age data revealed possible origins of sediments showing that the Corcoran Formation has a major source of ca. 1600 Ma zircons which are not unlike rocks from Eastern Queensland orogens. The Velkerri Formations’ main age peak falls at ca. 1765 Ma which shows a change to older detrital source rocks with more similarities to the Arunta and Kathleen and Western Orogenies. Moving up-section to the Moroak Sandstone and Kyalla Formations, samples shift to younger ca. 1560 Ma peak ages at the base of the Moroak followed by a gradual increase in age with younger sequences where a maximum peak age of ca. 1795 Ma is found in the mid Kyalla Formation. This gradual increase shows a gradual shift in sediment source from E/SE sources to southern source regions. Illite crystallinity data show that the shales within the Beetaloo Basin have experienced much greater temperatures than at present. Altree 2 has an XRD calculated bottom-hole temperature of 155°C at1647m depth, the Jamison records 156°C at 1695m with the Elliot being the hottest at 194°C at 1697 deep. These values were then used to calculate the amount of cover removed from present day. Altree 2 returned an estimate of 2050m of cover removed, Jamison 1769m and Elliot with the most cover removed at 2680m showing that the southern region of the Beetaloo Basin has experienced the greatest uplift since maximum subsidence followed by the northern Altree 2.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Physical Sciences, 2017
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Книги з теми "McArthur Group"

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Howe, Anna, Jean McArthur, Terry McArthur, and James McArthur. In the Kitchen Wrist Twisted Like Ma Dukes !: An Eclectic Group of Home Recpices from My Grandmother and Mother, Mrs. Anna Howe and Mrs. Jean Mcarthur. Ma Dukes Is a Term That We Call Our Mothers That Lead by Example and Do for the Well Being of Others. Independently Published, 2020.

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Частини книг з теми "McArthur Group"

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WINEFIELD, PETER R. "DEVELOPMENT OF LATE PALEOPROTEROZOIC ARAGONITIC SEAFLOOR CEMENTS IN THE McARTHUR GROUP, NORTHERN AUSTRALIA." In Carbonate Sedimentation and Diagenesis in the Evolving Precambrian World, 145–59. SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/pec.00.67.0145.

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Soh, Leen-Kiat, and Hong Jiang. "Intelligent Multi-Agent Cooperative Learning System." In Encyclopedia of Human Computer Interaction, 348–54. IGI Global, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-562-7.ch054.

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A computer-aided education environment not only extends education opportunities beyond the traditional classroom, but it also provides opportunities for intelligent interface based on agent-based technologies to better support teaching and learning within traditional classrooms. Advances in information technology, such as the Internet and multimedia technology, have dramatically enhanced the way that information and knowledge are represented and delivered to students. The application of agent-based technologies to education can be grouped into two primary categories, both of which are highly interactive interfaces: (1) intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) and (2) interactive learning environments (ILE) (McArthur, Lewis, & Bishay, 1993). Current research in this area has looked at the integration of agent technology into education systems. However, most agent-based education systems under utilize intelligent features of agents such as reactivity, pro-activeness, social ability (Wooldridge & Jennings, 1995) and machine learning capabilities. Moreover, most current agent-based education systems are simply a group of non-collaborative (i.e., non-interacting) individual agents. Finally, most of these systems do not peruse the multi-agent intelligence to enhance the quality of service in terms of content provided by the interfaces. A multi-agent system is a group of agents where agents interact and cooperate to accomplish a task, thereby satisfying goals of the system design (Weiss, 1999). A group of agents that do not interact and do not peruse the information obtained from such interactions to help them make better decisions is simply a group of independent agents, not a multi-agent system. To illustrate this point, consider an ITS that has been interacting with a particular group of students and has been collecting data about these students. Next, consider another ITS which is invoked to deal with a similar group of students. If the second ITS could interact with the first ITS to obtain its data, then the second ITS would be able to handle its students more effectively, and together the two agents would comprise a multi-agent system. Most ITS or ILE systems in the literature do not utilize the power of a multi-agent system. The Intelligent Multi-agent Infrastructure for Distributed Systems in Education (I-MINDS) is an exception. It is comprised of a multi-agent system (MAS) infrastructure that supports different high-performance distributed applications on heterogeneous systems to create a computer-aided, collaborative learning and teaching environment. In our current I-MINDS system, there are two types of agents: teacher agents and student agents. A teacher agent generally helps the instructor manage the real-time classroom. In I-MINDS, the teacher agent is unique in that it provides an automated ranking of questions from the students. This innovation presents ranked questions to the classroom instructor and keeps track of a profile of each class participant reflecting how they respond to the class lectures. A student agent supports a class participant’s real-time classroom experience. In I-MINDS, student agents innovatively support the buddy group formation. A class participant’s buddy group is his or her support group. The buddy group is a group of actual students that every student has access to during real-time classroom activities and with which they may discuss problems. Each of these agents has its interface which, on one hand, interacts with the user and, on the other hand, receives information from other agents and presents those to the user in a timely fashion. In the following, we first present some background on the design choice of I-MINDS. Second, we describe the design and implementation of I-MINDS in greater detail, illustrating with concrete examples. We finalize with a discussion of future trends and some conclusions drawn from the current design.
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Cardoso, Edna, Ilda Novo, Nuno Moreira, Pedro Silva, Álvaro Silva, and Vanda Pires. "Clusters analysis applied to drought and forest fires in mainland Portugal (NUT III regions) from 1980 to 2019." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1054–61. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_159.

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The Australian Fire Danger Rating System (AFDRS) was launched on 1 September 2022, bringing a generational change to the way that Australia calculates and communicates fire danger. Its focus is improved public safety and reduced impacts of bushfires though: • Improving the science behind fire danger predictions. • Improving the way that fire danger is communicated. • Providing government and industry with better decision-making tools. • Reducing future costs associated with bushfire impacts. The previous fire danger rating system was introduced in the 1960’s by Australia’s first full-time bushfire researcher, Alan McArthur, based on extensive experimental fires. While useful, the system included only two fire behaviour models (dry sclerophyll forest and grassland), was not easily updateable and fires were being experienced that increasingly exceeded its design parameters. In July 2014, Senior Officers and Ministers agreed that the development of a new system was a national priority. The new system was developed by the New South Wales Rural Fire Service in collaboration with the Bureau of Meteorology, all Australian states and territories and the Commonwealth government. Program management and system implementation were coordinated by AFAC (Australia’s National Council for Fire and Emergency Services). The new AFDRS uses contemporary fire behaviour science, makes better use of available data and uses software infrastructure that can be continuously improved. The AFDRS starts with eight fire behaviour models representing a representative range of Australian vegetation types, it captures current fuel information, uses satellite data, integrates weather from the Bureau of Meteorology and calculates fire danger down to a 1.5km by 1.5-kilometer grid. These calculations are linked to tools that assist fire operational decision-making via a Fire Behaviour Index that is calibrated to operational implications for fire management. A separate arm of the project developed a public-facing Fire Danger Rating framework, guided by one of Australia’s largest social research projects. The research found that, while fire danger signage was well recognised, few acted on fire danger ratings to plan their activities. Focus groups and subsequent surveys found that the community preferred a simplified public-facing system where each fire danger rating had a distinct call to action. The implementation of the new system required an enormous effort from all levels of government across all States and Territories as well as the Commonwealth. It required updates to legislation, policy, procedures, web pages and other IT infrastructure, as well as replacement of physical signage. However, as a result, Australia has a significantly new way of calculating and communicating fire danger, that is continuously improvable and which will bring benefits for decades to come.
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