Дисертації з теми "Maximal consumption of oxygen"
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1
Casanova, Francesco. "maximal oxygen consumption in systemic lupus erythematosus." Thesis, Bangor University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531058.
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Shepherd, Brent A. "Predicting Maximal Oxygen Consumption (VO2max) Levels in Adolescents." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2997.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is considered by many to be the best overall measure of an individual's cardiovascular health. Collecting the measurement, however, requires subjecting an individual to prolonged periods of intense exercise until their maximal level, the point at which their body uses no additional oxygen from the air despite increased exercise intensity, is reached. Collecting VO2max data also requires expensive equipment and great subject discomfort to get accurate results. Because of this inherent difficulty, it is often avoided despite its usefulness. In this research, we propose a set of Bayesian hierarchical models to predict VO2max levels in adolescents, ages 12 through 17, using less extreme measurements. Two models are developed separately, one that uses submaximal exercise data and one that uses physical fitness questionnaire data. The best submaximal model was found to include age, gender, BMI, heart rate, rate of perceived exertion, treadmill miles per hour, and an interaction between age and heart rate. The second model, designed for those with physical limitations, uses age, gender, BMI, and two separate questionnaire results measuring physical activity levels and functional ability levels, as well as an interaction between the physical activity level score and gender. Both models use separate model variances for males and females.
3
Brink-Elfegoun, Thibault. "Limitations of maximal oxygen uptake during whole-body exercise /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/20071116brin/.
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4
Corbett, Eric J. "Effects of Oral L-arginine Supplementation on Platelet Count and Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Males." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1239596277.
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5
Feeback, Matthew R. "Effect of Oral L-arginine Supplementation on Lactic Acid and Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Males." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1240929188.
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6
NISHIBATA, KENJI, NOBUO TAUCHI, MITSUHIRO YOKOTA, YOSHIKO NAGANO, MASAHIKO GOTO, MASAMI NAGASHIMA, and REIZO BABA. "OXYGEN INTAKE EFFICIENCY SLOPE: A NEW INDEX OF CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTIONAL RESERVE DERIVED FROM THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND MINUTE VENTILATION DURING INCREMENTAL EXERCISE." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16102.
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7
Friedman, Rachel Ann. "Investigation of C-Reactive Protein and Leptin as Biomarkers of Obesity with Potential Clinical Utility." TopSCHOLAR®, 2011. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1091.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Obesity and its subsequent disease states are major health problems in the United States. In many ways, obesity can be considered a “disease state” itself due to the changes it causes on the body. High-intensity exercise also places acute stress the body, putting humans in recovery from exercise in a state that may be analogous to a temporary disease state. The purpose of this study was to examine biomarkers associated with obesity (CRP and Leptin) before and after continuous and intermittent bouts of exercise in an obese but otherwise healthy sample vs. a healthy, non-obese sample. This investigation focused on examining the obese sample’s biomarkers at rest compared to those of the healthy group immediately and 1 hour-post exercise. Eighteen male subjects participated, with nine in each group. Each subject performed a VO2 max test and a series of three anaerobic Wingate tests at least one week apart in a cross-over study design. Blood was taken at baseline, immediately-post, and 1-hour post for each exercise mode. A significant difference was noted between groups for CRP at baseline on the VO2 testing day. A significant difference between groups existed in leptin levels at baseline on both testing days. The only significant change was the decrease in leptin from post to 1- hour post for during the VO2 in the obese group. However, both exercise protocols demonstrated various effects on the subjects and groups. Healthy participants were examined individually, and two of them showed possible signs of being at risk for obesity and its subsequent disease states based on post exercise “spikes” in CRP and leptin that caused the levels of the biomarkers to be closer to those in the obese group at rest. Another three subjects saw at least two spikes. Thus, a total of five subjects could potentially be “at-risk” based on the assumptions of the present study. These results suggest CRP and Leptin could potentially hold the ability to classify someone in a “preobesity state.” Further investigations are warranted based on these initial results and should focus on biomarkers more specific to obesity.
8
Ansley, Les. "Aetiology of fatigue during maximal and supramaximal exercise." Diss., University of Cape Town, 2003. http://www.oregonpdf.org.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Cape Town, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 284-287). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.
9
Baker, James J. "The effect of a training related increase in maximal oxygen consumption on resting serum estradiol levels in normal males /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487268021748356.
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10
Prior, Steven John. "DNA sequence variation in the promoter region of the VEGF gene impacts on VEGF gene expression and maximal oxygen consumption /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2908.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Kinesiology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
11
Sundquist, Pontus. "A Test-Retest Reliability Study of Cooper's Test In Adolescents Aged 16-19 Years." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-31033.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: The maximum rate of oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) can be measured through numerous tests, either directly or indirectly, where direct methods are considered more accurate, whereas indirect methods are more of an estimation with various degrees of reliability. Cooper's Test is one example of an indirect method considered reliable in estimating V̇O2max, with reliability coefficients ranging between 0.897-0.960. Cooper's Test is thus a test that is often used when estimating V̇O2max. However, there is a lack of test-retest research done utilising Cooper's Test on a younger population, which is the reasoning behind this study focusing on adolescents. Aim: The aim of the study was to study the test-retest reliability of Cooper's Test, in adolescents aged 16-19 years. Methods: Twelve healthy adolescents, aged 16-19 years, attending a sports high school participated in a test-retest study (test 1 and test 2) of Cooper's Test. The tests were performed on the short sides of a synthetic grass field, with 66 metres between the two sides, were the participants were instructed to cover as much distance as possible, with high motivation and intensity, for the whole 12 minutes of the Cooper's Test. Each individual participant's data was measured, recorded and later analysed. The total distance covered was then translated into miles and compared to Cooper's original estimated maximal oxygen consumption table for an estimation of each participant's V̇O2max value in ml*kg-1*min-1 from test 1 and test 2. The data from the test-retest and its variance was then analysed by a two-way mixed model of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with an absolute agreement type. Results: The analysed data from test 1 and test 2 of Cooper's Test showed the results of an ICC (95% CI) of 0.06 (-0.353 to 0.544), indicating a substantial error variance between the two separate Cooper's Tests. Conclusion: The data and analysis from this study implied that Cooper's Test was not reliable in the study population, consisting of adolescents. Possible factors influencing the result however were lack of participant motivation and the level of intensity variance during the test-retest of Cooper's Test. Further researchers and amateur and professional users should keep these factors in mind when utilising Cooper's Test to predict V̇O2max. More research is needed within this study's age population to draw any definite conclusions on the reliability of Cooper's test on adolescents.
12
Salati, Michele <1974>. "Impact of the Video-Assisted Lobectomy Approach on Maximal Oxygen Consumption, Pulmonary Function and Quality of Life of Lung Cancer Patients." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7317/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nowadays video-assisted lobectomy could be considered an appropriate treatment option for early stage lung cancer patients, as obtaining similar or even better early outcomes when compared to open standard lobectomy. This study was aimed at verifying the long-term impact (three months after surgery) of VATS-lobectomy technique on physical and mental status of patients undergoing lung resection for lung cancer and to compare the physical variation to the one registered after open approach.
We enrolled patients treated by VATS-lobectomy at our institution since June 2012 to June 2015, comparing the preoperative physical evaluation (in terms of FEV1, DLCO and VO2max) and perceived quality of life (measured using the EORTC questionnaire) to the postoperative values. Moreover we performed a propensity score matching analysis to verify if the physical variation registered after VATS-lobectomy differed from that after open resection.
We found a three months postoperative reduction of the physical indicators in comparison to the preoperative values (FEV1-variation: -8.3%, DLCO-variation: -12.4%, VO2max-variation: -6.6%). A similar negative trend was found for the psychological indicators, but the only parameter with a significative worsening was the perceived physical functioning (variation: -6.2%).
The propensity score procedure yielded 83 well-matched open and VATS-lobectomy patients. The reductions in FEV1, DLCO and VO2max were similar in both groups (open patients’ reduction: FEV1 -10%, DLCO -11.9%, VO2max -5.5%; VATS patients’ reduction: FEV1 -7.2%, DLCO -10.6%, VO2max -6.9%), with a Cohen effect size < 0.2 for all the comparisons.
In conclusion, VATS-lobectomy influences a reduction of the preoperative functional status three months after the operation, without affecting the postoperative perceived quality of life. Moreover VATS-lobectomy doesn’t offer any advantage in terms of FEV1, DLCO and exercise capacity recovery in comparison to the open approach.
13
Saumure, Nancy E. "The effects of leg cycling training on lactate threshold and maximal oxygen consumption measured during leg cycling and arm cranking exercise." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7752.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to determine if the training effects on lactate threshold (LT) and maximal oxygen consumption (VO$\sb2$max) are specific to musculature involved in training or if there is evidence of a general training effect, such that adaptations are also found during exercise with untrained muscle groups. Seven moderately active male students participated in an eight week progressive endurance training program that involved leg cycling at specific intensities above and below the pre-training LT to give a total of 30 minutes of training above LT three times per week. All subjects were tested before and after training for LT and VO$\sb2$max while performing leg cycling and arm cranking exercises. VO$\sb2$max showed a significant increase during both leg cycling and arm cranking exercise following training. Conversely, increases in both absolute and relative LT were confined to leg cycling exercise only. It is suggested that peripheral adaptive responses of oxidative capacity within the trained muscles are primarily responsible for the specificity of the LT response, while cardiovascular adaptations were beneficial to VO$\sb2$max of both of the muscle groups tested. Furthermore, the significant improvement in relative LT during leg cycling and of VO$\sb2$max to both arm and leg exercise suggests that adaptive responses of LT and VO$\sb2$max to training are not governed by the same physiological processes. Therefore, it was concluded that, for the conditions of this experiment, the concept of specificity of training applies to LT but not to VO$\sb2$max when comparing exercise modalities which involve separate musculature.
14
Nienkerk, Andrée. "Förändring av olika fysiologiska parametrar vid styrketräning hos äldre." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3134.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sammanfattning Syfte och frågeställningar. Syftet med denna studie var att på äldre personer studera olika fysiologiska parametrar före och efter en period på åtta veckor med styrketräning som utförs tre gånger i veckan. Frågeställningarna var: Hur påverkas statisk och dynamisk maximal styrka i främre lårmuskulaturen av styrketräning? Är det någon skillnad i resultat mellan koncentrisk och excentrisk styrka i lårmuskulaturen före och efter styrketräningsperioden? Är det någon skillnad i förändring mellan benstyrka uppmätt med isokinetisk teknik jämfört med uthållighetsstyrka och ett kort funktionellt benstyrketest? Hur påverkas maximal syreupptagningsförmåga registrerad via submaximalt cykeltest respektive vid pyramidtestet av träningsperioden? Metod. I studien deltog 20 generellt ej påtagligt aktiva män och kvinnor i åldrarna 66-79 år. Av dessa var 11 individer slumpvis indelade i en styrketräningsgrupp och övriga nio utgjorde en inaktiv kontrollgrupp. Ett flertal olika fysiologiska tester, som bl.a. prövade testpersonernas styrka samt kondition, utfördes innan och efter träningsperioden. De deltagare som utgjorde träningsgruppen tränades i relativt tung styrketräning i åtta veckor. Resultat. Undersökningen resulterade i en signifikant ökad koncentrisk-, excentrisk- samt statisk momentan benstyrka för träningsgruppen efter de åtta veckorna med relativt tung styrketräning. Vidare kunde även utläsas för dem en signifikant förbättring av uthållighetsstyrka i benen (hastighet vid 50 uppresningar från stol, med 16,9 %) samt vid ett kort funktionellt test (5 uppresningar från stol, med 12,8 %). De träningsgenererade signifikanta ökningarna för träningsgruppen tyder inte på några stora procentuella skillnader mellan statisk (10,4 %) och dynamisk excentrisk (7,8 %) eller koncentrisk maximal styrka (9,5 %). Vid testerna cykelergometertest (kondition), effekt i 5-minuterspyramidtest (ett modifierat steptest) samt distans vid 6-minuters gångtest framkom inga signifikanta förbättringar för träningsgruppen. Ingen i kontrollgruppen visade en signifikant förbättring i någon av de nämnda testerna. Slutsats. Studien visar att interventioner, med åtta veckors intensiv styrketräning, tre gånger per vecka för äldre kvinnor och män, påtagligt kan förbättra resultaten vid styrkemätningar såväl momentant som uthållighetsmässigt och vid ett kort funktionellt test, medan tester av maximal syreupptagningsförmåga (VO2max) inte förbättras. Emellertid framkom i cykelergometertestet en tendens till förbättring för träningsgruppen.
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Adam, Jennifer, Matthias Oehmichen, Eva Oehmichen, Janine Rother, Ulrike Maria Müller, Thomas Hauser, and Henry Schulz. "Reliability of the calculated maximal lactate steady state in amateur cyclists." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-165455.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract provided by Publisher
Complex performance diagnostics in sports medicine should contain maximal aerobic and maximal anaerobic performance. The requirements on appropriate stress protocols are high. To validate a test protocol quality criteria like objectivity and reliability are necessary. Therefore, the present study was performed in intention to analyze the reliability of maximal lactate production rate (VLamax) by using a sprint test, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) by using a ramp test and, based on these data, resulting power in calculated maximum lactate-steady-state (PMLSS) especially for amateur cyclists. All subjects (n=23, age 26 ± 4 years) were leisure cyclists. At three different days they completed first a sprint test to approximate VLamax. After 60 min of recreation time a ramp test to assess VO2max was performed. The results of VLamax-test and VO2max-test and the body weight were used to calculate PMLSS for all subjects. The intra class correlation (ICC) for VLamax and VO2max was 0.904 and 0.987, respectively, coefficient of variation (CV) was 6.3 % and 2.1 %, respectively. Between the measurements the reliable change index of 0.11 mmol∙l-1∙s-1 for VLamax and 3.3 ml∙kg-1∙min-1 for VO2max achieved significance. The mean of the calculated PMLSS was 237 ± 72 W with an RCI of 9 W and reached with ICC = 0.985 a very high reliability. Both metabolic performance tests and the calculated PMLSS are reliable for leisure cyclists.
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El, Khoury Georges. "Influences des niveaux d’activité physique et de performance physique sur la densité minérale osseuse, la géométrie osseuse de la hanche et le score de l'os trabéculaire chez de jeunes hommes en surpoids et obèses." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20021/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Le but cette thèse était d’explorer l’influence du niveau d’activité physique et du niveau de performance physique sur la densité minérale osseuse, la géométrie osseuse de la hanche et le score de l’os trabéculaire chez de jeunes hommes en surpoids et obèses. Trois principales études ont été menées. Une première étude a montré que la pratique d’activités physiques a un effet positif sur le CMO, la DMO et la section transversale du col fémoral chez les hommes en surcharge pondérale. Une deuxième étude a suggéré que le niveau d’activité physique influence positivement les paramètres osseux chez les hommes en surpoids et obèses et que l’optimisation de la masse maigre, de la VO2 max (L/min) et de la force maximale des membres inférieurs peut aider à prévenir l’ostéoporose chez les hommes en surpoids et obèses. Enfin, une dernière étude, a été la première à démontrer une relation positive entre la VO2 max (ml/mn/kg) et les indices de résistance osseuse du col fémoral (le CSI, le BSI et l’ISI) chez les jeunes hommes en surpoids et obèses et a donc suggéré que l’augmentation de la VO2 max chez les hommes en surpoids et obèses pourrait aider à réduire les fractures stéoporotiques. Ces différents résultats suggèrent une adaptation ostéogénique significative des jeunes hommes en surpoids et obèses en réponse à l’entrainement physiqueThe aim of this thesis was to explore the influence of physical activity level and physical performance on bone mineral density, hip geometry and trabecular bone score in young overweight and obese men. Three main studies have been conducted. The first study has shown that physical activity practice has a positive effect on BMC, BMD and femoral neck crosssectional area in overweight men. The second study has shown that physical activity level positively affects bone variables in overweight/obese men and that increasing lean mass, VO2 max (L/min) and muscular strength of the lower limbs can help to prevent osteoporosis in overweight and obese men. Finally, the last study, was the first to show positive associations between maximal oxygen consumption (milliliter per minute per kilogram) and composite indices of FN strength (CSI, BSI and ISI) in young overweight and obese men and therefore suggested that enhancing VO2 max in overweight and obese men may help to reduce osteoporotic fractures. These different results suggest a significant osteogenic adaptation in young overweight and obese men in response to physical training
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Taylor, Conor W. "Manipulating exercise and recovery to enhance adaptations to sprint interval training." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25496.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Highly-trained athletes are accustomed to varied and high-volume based exercise stimuli and eliciting adaptation in individuals already possessing the necessary physiology to compete at the highest level is difficult. Therefore, identifying novel, potent and time efficient methods of achieving cumulative training stress is a continual quest for coaches and exercise scientists. This thesis examined the acute and chronic effects of manipulating exercise and recovery during brief all-out sprint cycling on adaptive responses favouring enhanced endurance capacity. Chapter 3 highlighted that low-volume non-work matched all-out sprint cycling, whether it be interval- (4 x 30 s bouts) or continuous based (1 x 2 min bout) provides a similarly potent stimulus for the acute induction of cell signalling pathways and key growth factors associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis in trained individuals. In line with manipulating recovery and in attempting to identify a novel and potent exercise intervention capable of giving athletes more return on their training investment, Chapters 4-6 investigated the efficacy of combining sprint interval training with post-exercise blood flow restriction (BFR). Firstly, it was demonstrated that BFR potentiates HIF-1α mRNA expression in response to SIT, tentatively suggesting an enhanced stimulus for hypoxia- and/or metabolic-mediated cell signalling associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis over SIT alone. Secondly, four weeks of SIT combined with post-exercise BFR provides a greater training stimulus over SIT alone in trained individuals to enhance VO2max (4.7 v 1.1 % change) and MAP (3.8 v 0.2 % change), but not 15-km TT performance. Finally, in response to four weeks of SIT combined with post-exercise BFR, an international female track sprint cyclist increased her CP and W by 7 and 2 % and VO2max and absolute MAP by 3 and 4 %, respectively. Through a combination of an acute in vivo molecular experiment, a training study and an athlete case study, this thesis has introduced a potentially potent and novel training concept that appears capable of augmenting aerobic capacity.
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Pasqua, Leonardo Alves. "Associação entre o polimorfismo de nucleotídeo único no gene ACTN3, variáveis fisiológicas e parâmetros neuromusculares relacionados à aptidão aeróbia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39134/tde-10062013-090612/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a existência de associação entre os diferentes genótipos do polimorfismo R577X do gene ACTN3 e variáveis fisiológicas e neuromusculares associadas à aptidão aeróbia e ao desempenho em provas de longa duração. Cento e cinquenta indivíduos fisicamente ativos foram submetidos aos seguintes testes: a) teste incremental máximo para determinação do consumo máximo de oxigênio, velocidade de pico, limiar ventilatório (LV) e ponto de compensação respiratória (PCR); b) dois testes de cargas constantes nas velocidades de 10 km.h-1 e 12 km.h-1 para determinação da economia de corrida; c) teste de uma repetição máxima no exercício leg press para determinação da força máxima de membros inferiores; d) teste de salto vertical para determinação da potência máxima de membros inferiores e; e) genotipagem para determinação do genótipo do gene ACTN3. Os principais resultados foram a maior representação do genótipo XX entre os indivíduos com maiores velocidades associadas ao LV e ao PCR. Além disso, entre os indivíduos mais econômicos, foi observada uma maior representação de pelo menos uma cópia do alelo X (genótipos RX e XX). Esses resultados sugerem que o genótipo XX do gene ACTN3 parece ser favorável às variáveis fisiológicas associadas à aptidão aeróbia, sobretudo aquelas determinadas em intensidades submáximasThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship among the genotypes of the ACTN3 gene and physiological and neuromuscular parameters related to aerobic fitness and endurance performance. One hundred and fifty male physically active subjects performed the following tests: a) a maximal incremental test to determine maximal oxygen consumption, peak velocity, ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point; b) two constant speed tests at 10 km.h-1 and 12 km.h-1 to determine running economy; c) one repetition maximum in the leg press to determine the maximal dynamic strength of the lower limbs; d) vertical jump test to determine the maximum power of the lower limbs and; e) genotyping for the ACTN3 gene polymorphism. Our main results were a higher frequency of the XX genotypes among the individuals with the highest speeds associated to ventilatory threshold and to the respiratory compensation point. It was observed a higher frequency of at least one copy of the X allele (RX and XX genotypes) among the more economical individuals. These results suggest that the XX genotype of the ACTN3 gene seems to be associated with physiological variables related with the aerobic fitness, mainly those determined in submaximal intensities
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Stuart, Charles A., Melanie P. McCurry, Anna Marino, Mark A. South, Mary E. A. Howell, Andrew S. Layne, Michael W. Ramsey, and Michael H. Stone. "Slow-Twitch Fiber Proportion in Skeletal Muscle Correlates With Insulin Responsiveness." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Context: The metabolic syndrome, characterized by central obesity with dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia, identifies people at high risk for type 2 diabetes.
Objective: Our objective was to determine how the insulin resistance of the metabolic syndrome is related to muscle fiber composition.
Design:Thirty-nine sedentary men and women (including 22 with the metabolic syndrome) had insulin responsiveness quantified using euglycemic clamps and underwent biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle. Expression of insulin receptors, insulin receptor substrate-1, glucose transporter 4, and ATP synthase were quantified with immunoblots and immunohistochemistry.
Participants and Setting: Participants were nondiabetic,metabolic syndrome volunteers and sedentary control subjects studied at an outpatient clinic.
Main Outcome Measures: Insulin responsiveness during an insulin clamp and the fiber composition of a muscle biopsy specimen were evaluated.
Results: There were fewer type I fibers and more mixed (type IIa) fibers in metabolic syndrome subjects.Insulin responsiveness and maximal oxygen uptake correlated with the proportion of type I fibers.Insulin receptor,insulin receptor substrate-1, and glucose transporter 4 expression were not different in whole muscle but all were significantly less in the type I fibers of metabolic syndrome subjects when adjusted for fiber proportion and fiber size.Fat oxidation and muscle mitochondrial expression were not different in the metabolic syndrome subjects.
Conclusion:Lower proportion of type I fibers in metabolic syndrome muscle correlated with the severity of insulin resistance. Even though whole muscle content was normal, key elements of insulin action were consistently less in type I muscle fibers, suggesting their distribution was important in mediating insulin effects
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Can, Ozgider. "Four Weeks Of Respiratory Muscle Training Improves Intermittent Recovery Performance But Not Pulmonary Functions And Maximum Oxygen Consumption (vo2 Max) Capacity In Young Soccer Players." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612160/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 4 week respiratory muscle training (RMT) on intermittent recovery performance, pulmonary functions and maximum oxygen consumption capacity (Vo2max) of young soccer players. Eighteen young soccer player who were playing in the Turkey PAF League (league for candidate professional soccer players) from Hacettepe Sports Club with a mean age of 18.4 ±0.8 years (ranging from 17 to 19 years) and 8.5 ±
0.7 (ranging from 7 to 9 years) years experience in soccer participated. Players&rsquo
weekly metabolic equivalent score (MET) was 120. Their maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2max) on a treadmill, pulmonary function with a spirometer, and recovery performance with a yo-yo intermittent recovery test level 2 were measured and then they were randomly assigned into two groups as either RMT (n = 9) or control (n = 9). The RMT group continued both their regular training and RMT treatment with a commercially available powerlung sport respiratory muscle trainer (Powerlung Inc., TX, and USA) for 4 weeks. The control group only continued with their regular training. After completing 4 week RMT implementation (composed of 30 sets of inhalation, two times a day, 5 days of the week), the same tests were performed in order to see the v effects of 4 week RMT treatment on selected parameters mentioned above. Findings of this study indicated that 4 week of RMT treatment significantly improved (% 39) yo-yo intermittent recovery test level 2 performances of the RMT group from pre to post test measurements when compared to subjects in the control group. However, there were no significant improvements in both RMT and control group&rsquo
s Vo2max capacity, Vital capacity (VC), Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow (FEV1.0) and Peak expiratory flow performances (PEF). As a conclusion, 4 week of RMT implementation improves the intermittent recovery performance of young soccer players.
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Urso, Rodrigo Poles. "Correlações da aptidão aeróbia e de fatores neuromusculares no desempenho em sprints repetidos em tenistas de diferentes níveis competitivos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39134/tde-17042015-142918/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a relação da aptidão aeróbia e de fatores neuromusculares com o desempenho em SR em tenistas com diferentes níveis de jogo. Um grupo de dez tenistas profissionais (GP) e um grupo de dez tenistas amadores (GA) foram submetidos a quatro sessões experimentais, a saber: 1) medidas antropométricas, familiarização com o teste de drop jump (DJ) e com o teste de contração voluntária isométrica máxima (CVIM) para membros inferiores, e um teste progressivo até a exaustão; 2) um teste de DJ e um teste de carga constante para avaliar a cinética on e off do consumo de oxigênio (VO2); 3) um teste de CVIM para membros inferiores, outro teste de carga constante para avaliar a cinética on e off do VO2 e familiarização com o teste de SR; 4) um teste composto por dez SR. O GP apresentou valores significativamente menores para o tempo do melhor sprint (SRmelhor) e para a média dos tempos de todos os sprints (SRmédio) em relação ao GA (p < 0,05). O percentual de aumento do tempo ao longo dos sprints (SR%aumento) do GP não foi significativamente menor em comparação ao GA (p = 0,102), porém a chance dessa variável ser menor para o GP foi considerada \"provável\". Para o GP, a única correlação significativa observada foi entre o SRmédio e o tempo de contato obtido no teste de DJ (r = 0,641, p < 0,05). Em relação ao GA, foram observadas correlações significativas da velocidade pico obtida no teste progressivo até a exaustão com o SRmelhor (r = -0,680, p < 0,05) e SRmédio (r = -0,744, p < 0,05), assim como da amplitude da fase lenta da cinética off do VO2 com o SRmelhor (r = -0,756, p < 0,05) e SRmédio (r = -0,794, p < 0,05). Portanto, esses dados sugerem que tenistas profissionais possuem um melhor desempenho em SR em comparação aos tenistas amadores. Entretanto, não está clara a importância de fatores da aptidão aeróbia e neuromusculares no desempenho dessa atividadeThe objective of this study was to verify the relationship of aerobic fitness and neuromuscular factors with RS performance in tennis players with different playing level. A group of ten professional (PG) and ten amateur (AG) tennis players were submitted to four experimental sessions, to know: 1) anthropometric measurements, familiarization with the drop jump (DJ) test and the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) test for the lower limbs, and a progressive test until exhaustion; 2) a DJ test and a constant load test for on and off oxygen consumption (VO2) kinetics measurement; 3) a MVIC test for the lower limbs, another constant load test for on and off VO2 kinetics measurement, and familiarization with the RS test; 4) a test of ten RS. The PG presented significant lower values for the best sprint time (RSbest) and mean time of all sprints (RSmean) in relation to the AG (p < 0.05). The percentage increase in time over all sprints (RSincrease) of the PG was not significantly lower in comparison to the AG (p = 0.102), however the chance of this variable to be lower for the PG was considered \"probable\". For the PG the only significant correlation observed was between RSmean and the contact time obtained in the DJ test (r = 0.641, p < 0.05). In relation to the AG, significant correlations were observed for the peak speed obtained on the progressive test until exhaustion with the RSbest (r = -0.680, p < 0.05) and RSmean (r = -0.744, p < 0.05), likewise for the amplitude of the slow phase in oxygen uptake off-kinetics with the RSbest (r = -0.756, p < 0.05) and RSmean (r = -0.794, p < 0.05). Thus, these data suggest that professional tennis players have a better performance in RS compared to amateur tennis players. However, it is not clear the importance of aerobic fitness and neuromuscular factors in the performance of this activity
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Barbosa, Fernando Policarpo. "Modelos matem?ticos para estimativa do consumo m?ximo de oxig?nio pela ventilometria de esfor?o em indiv?duos saud?veis." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13107.
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Previous issue date: 2007-12-03The relation between metabolic demand and maximal oxygen consumption during exercise have been investigated in different areas of knowledge. In the health field, the determination of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is considered a method to classify the level of physical fitness or the risk of cardiocirculatory diseases. The accuracy to obtain data provides a better evaluation of functional responses and allows a reduction in the error margin at the moment of risk classification, as well as, at the moment of determination of aerobic exercise work load. In Brasil, the use of respirometry associated to ergometric test became an opition in the cardiorespiratory evaluation. This equipment allows predictions concerning the oxyredutase process, making it possible to identify physiological responses to physical effort as the respiratory threshold. This thesis focused in the development of mathematical models developed by multiple regression validated by the stepwise method, aiming to predict the VO2max based on respiratory responses to physical effort. The sample was composed of a ramdom sample of 181 healthy individuals, men and women, that were randomized to two groups: regression group and cross validation group (GV). The voluntiars were submitted to a incremental treadmill test; objetiving to determinate of the second respiratory threshold (LVII) and the Peak VO2max. Using the m?todo forward addition method 11 models of VO2max prediction in trendmill were developded. No significative differences were found between the VO2max meansured and the predicted by models when they were compared using ANOVA One-Way and the Post Hoc test of Turkey. We concluded that the developed mathematical models allow a prediction of the VO2max of healthy young individuals based on the LVII
A rela??o entre a demanda metab?lica e o consumo de oxig?nio durante a pr?tica de exerc?cios f?sicos ? alvo de investiga??o em distintas ?reas do conhecimento. No campo da sa?de, a determina??o do consumo m?ximo de oxig?nio (VO2m?x) ? considerada um m?todo para classificar o n?vel de aptid?o f?sica ou risco de doen?as cardiocirculat?rias. A obten??o de dados de forma acurada possibilita uma melhor avalia??o das respostas funcionais, o que permite reduzir a margem de erros tanto no momento da classifica??o dos riscos, como tamb?m no momento da determina??o das cargas de treinamento aer?bico. No Brasil a utiliza??o da ventilometria conjugado ao teste de ergom?trico passou a ser uma op??o na avalia??o cardiorrespirat?ria. O emprego deste equipamento possibilita inferir sobre o processo de oxidorredutase, permitindo identificar respostas fisiol?gicas ao esfor?o como o limiar ventilat?rio. A presente tese centrou-se no desenvolvimento de modelos matem?ticos desenvolvidos por meio de regress?o m?ltipla com valida??o pelo m?todo stepwise com o objetivo de predi??o do VO2m?x tomando como base, as respostas ventilat?rias ao esfor?o. Para tanto, o estudo contou com uma amostra aleat?ria de 181 indiv?duos saud?veis, de ambos os sexos, que foram randomizados em dois grupos: grupo de regress?o e o grupo de valida??o cruzada (GV). Os volunt?rios foram submetidos a teste cardiopulmonar em esteira rolante em protocolo incremental; onde se visou a determina??o do limiar ventilat?rio II (LVII) e o VO2m?x de pico. Atrav?s da aplica??o do m?todo adi??o forward foram desenvolvidos 11 modelos de predi??o do VO2m?x em esteira rolante. N?o foram encontradas diferen?as significativa entre o VO2m?x mensurado com os preditos pelos modelos quando comparados pelo teste t pareado. Os resultados possibilitam-nos concluir que os modelos matem?ticos desenvolvidos permitem estimar o VO2m?x de indiv?duos jovens e h?gidos, tendo como ponto de refer?ncia o LVII
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Fagundes, Alex de Oliveira. "Efeitos do transporte de carga sobre parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e na economia de corrida em corredores de aventura." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/114834.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A corrida de aventura (CA) é um esporte multiesportivo que vem adquirindo cada vez mais adeptos no mundo todo. A corrida é uma das etapas da prova de CA, e para tanto os atletas devem transportar mochilas de diferentes massas (kg) com os equipamentos obrigatórios. Entretanto, sabe-se pouco sobre os efeitos da carga transportada nos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e economia de corrida (Eco). O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar e analisar os efeitos do transporte de carga referentes a 0%, 7% e 15% da massa corporal (MC) em parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios: consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2max), frequência cardíaca (FC) e limiares ventilatórios (LV’s), taxa de troca respiratória (RER), taxa de percepção de esforço (RPE) e Eco, em corredores de aventura. A amostra foi constituída por 12 atletas corredores de aventura que realizaram três testes máximos e submáximos de forma randomizada. Para todos os testes máximos de corrida os indivíduos realizaram aquecimento prévio de 5 minutos em velocidade constante de 6 km.h-1, com incremento de 1 km.h-1 a cada minuto até a exaustão para fins de registro das variáveis cardiorrespiratórias e da velocidade correspondente ao VO2máx, primeiro limiar ventilatório (LV1) e segundo limiar ventilatório (LV2).. Para se obter os valores da Eco foram realizados três testes submáximos na esteira rolante durante 6 minutos, com velocidade constante referente a 10% abaixo do LV2, a partir dos dados dos testes máximos, com cargas referente a 0, 7 e 15% da MC, e o intervalo entre cada teste era de aproximadamente 10 minutos. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o pacote SPSS versão 18.0 com aplicação do teste de ANOVA de medidas repetidas para as variáveis analisadas. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferenças estatísticas na maioria das variáveis. No entanto, o teste ANOVA (F, efeito geral da carga) de vLV2, vVO2máx, LV1% e vLV1% apresentam diferenças estatísticas significativas, indicando que os atletas reduziram as velocidades em valores absolutos referente ao LV2 e VO2max e em percentual do LV1 e da velocidade do LV1. Desta forma, os achados desse estudo indicam que os parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e Eco não foram afetados pelo transporte de carga.Adventure running (AR) is a multi-sport which has more and more adepts worldwide. Running is one of the steps of the AR competition and the athletes must carry backpacks of different masses (kg) with the required equipment. However, little is known about the effects of the load carried on the cardiorespiratory parameters and running economy (Eco). The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the effects of load transportation with 0%, 7% and 15% of body mass (BM) on cardiorespiratory parameters: maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), heart rate (HR) and ventilatory thresholds (VT), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and Eco in adventure running athletes. The sample consisted of 12 athletes who performed three submaximal and maximal tests randomly. For all maximal running tests subjects had a warm up on the treadmill for 5 minutes at a constant speed of 6 km.h-1. For the test the speed increased by 1 km.h-1 every one minute and subjects ran until exhaustion to record the cardiorespiratory variables and the speed corresponding to VO2máx, first ventilatory threshold (VT1) and second ventilatory threshold (VT2). To obtain the values of Eco three submaximal tests on the treadmill were performed for six minutes with constant speed corresponding to 10% below the VT2, obtained from the maximum test with load transport corresponding to 0, 7 and 15% BM, and the interval between each test was approximately 10 minutes. For statistical analysis we used SPSS version 18.0 with application of ANOVA test of repeated measures for the variables analyzed. The results showed no statistical differences in most variables. However, the ANOVA (F, overall effect of the load) of sVT2, sVO2max, VT1% and sVT1% presented statistical significant differences, indicating that athletes reduced absolute running speeds for the VT2 and VO2max and percentage of VT1 and sVT1, so the findings of this study indicate that the Eco cardiorespiratory parameters were not affected by transportation load.
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Račius, Andrius. "Vidutinių ir ilgų nuotolių bėgikų aerobinio pajėgumo ir kvėpavimo sistemos funkcijos ypatumai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080618_125910-24859.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tyrimo objektas. Vidutinių ir ilgų nuotolių bėgikų aerobinis pajėgumas ir kvėpavimo sistemos rodiklių sąryšis.
Tyrime dalyvavo 19 vidutinio bei didelio meistriškumo vidutinių (pagrindinis varžybinis nuotolis – nuo 600 m iki 2 km, n =9) ir ilgųjų (3 km arba daugiau, n =10) nuotolių bėgikai. Tiriamiesiems buvo atliktas kvėpavimo sistemos funkcinės būklės nustatymas ramybėje ir aerobinio pajėgumo nustatymas atliekant nepertraukiamą nuosekliai didėjantį krūvį.
Tikslas - nustatyti vidutinių ir ilgų nuotolių bėgikų aerobinio pajėgumo ir kvėpavimo sistemos funkcijos ypatumus.
Darbo uždaviniai:
1. Palyginti vidutinių ir ligų nuotolių bėgikų aerobinį pajėgumą.
2. Palyginti vidutinių ir ligų nuotolių bėgikų kvėpavimo sistemos funkcinius rodiklius.
3. Įvertinti sąryšį tarp bėgikų aerobinio pajėgumo ir kvėpavimo sistemos funkcijos rodiklių.
Išsikėlėme hipotezę, kad kvėpavimo funkcinės galimybės dėl skirtingo intensyvumo treniruotės ir varžybinių krūvių turėtų būti didesnės tarp vidutinių nuotolių bėgikų, o aerobinės ištvermės rodikliai turėtų būti didesni tarp ilgų nuotolių bėgikų.
Išvados
1. Absoliutus maksimalus deguonies suvartojimas lyginant vidutinių ir ilgų nuotolių bėgikus nesiskiria, o santykinės šio rodiklio reikšmės reikšmingai didesnės ilgų nuotolių bėgikų grupėje.
2. Ilgų nuotolių bėgikų pirmasis ventiliacinis slenkstis ir jį atitinkantis ŠSD didesni ilgų nuotolių bėgikų grupėje, nors maksimalios ŠSD reikšmės nuosekliai didinamo krūvio metu nesiskiria.
3. Bėgimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Object of research. Middle distance and long distance runners aerobic capacity and the connection of respiratory system indicators. We researched 19 superior level middle distance (main competition distance from 600m to 2 km, n = 9) and long distance (3 km or more, n = 10) runners. Researched sportsman have undergone respiratory system functional condition test in tranquility state and aerobic capacity test during consecutively heavier physical load. Goal of research. To determine the functional features of middle distance and long distance runners aerobic capacity and respiratory system. Tasks: 1. To compare aerobic capacity between middle distance and long distance runners. 2. To compare respiratory system functional indicators between middle distance and long distance runners. 3. Analyze and connection between runners aerobic capacity and respiratory system indicators. Hypothesis. Because of different training intensiveness and competition loads, functional capacities of respiration system are greater of the middle distance runners, and aerobic capacity indicators are greater of the long distance runners. Conclusion. 1. Absolute maximum oxygen consumption is almost the same of both middle distance and long distance runners, while relative indicators are significantly greater in the long distance runners group 2. Long distance runners first ventilator threshold and its corresponding heart contraction rate is greater in the long distance runners group, while maximum heart... [to full text]
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Salameh, Ahlam. "Graded Exercise Stress Testing: Treadmill Protocols Comparison Of Peak Exercise Times In Cardiac Patients." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1249833172.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Sport Science and Wellness Education-Physical Education, 2009."August, 2009." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 10/7/2009) Advisor, Ronald Otterstetter; Committee members, James Rosneck, Laura Richardson; Department Chair, Victor Pinheiro; Dean of the College, Mark D. Shermis; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Faizovaitė, Ugnė. "Ryšys tarp moksleivių kūno kompozicijos, fizinio aktyvumo ir atsigavimo po fizinio krūvio greičio." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060510_211100-12051.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SUMMARY
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PUPILS' BODY COMPOSITION, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND RECOVERY SPEED AFTER PHYSICAL EXERCISE
Hypothesis. We thought that pupils’ who have higher physical activity and normal body weight also have faster recovery after physical exercise.
Objectives of the study. To identify the relationship between pupil’s body composition, physical activity and recovery rate after physical load.
The aim of the study:
1. To identify the relationship between physical activity and body composition.
2. To identify the relationship between body composition and recovery rate after physical activity.
3. To identify the relationship between physical activity and recovery speed after physical exercise.
Subjects. It was made of a group of 40 healthy (20 girls and 20 boys), 10-12 form pupils, chosen by chance, from one Kaunas secondary school.
Methods: According to the questionnaire, applying the indirect test technique of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), suggested by Huston university. Was estimated pupils physical activity and VO2max. According to the data of the questionnaire, the analysed have been divided into 3 groups of physical activity (PA): low PA; medium PA; high PA.
The body composition of the investigated has been measured according bioelectrical impedance method. The following indicators have been measured: body weight, body weight index (BWI); relative fat mass (%); fat free mass (kg), total water amount (kg).
To establish functional capacity of... [to full text]
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Gomes, Andreza Let?cia. "Avalia??o da aptid?o cardiorrespirat?ria pelo Incremental Shuttle Walking Test em crian?as e adolescentes assintom?ticos do sexo masculino." UFVJM, 2017. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1782.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
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O Incremental Shuttle Walking Test (ISWT) vem sendo utilizado na avalia??o da aptid?o cardiorrespirat?ria (ACR) de crian?as e adolescentes com diferentes condi??es de sa?de. N?o se sabe se a resposta cardiorrespirat?ria apresentada por adolescentes saud?veis no ISWT ir? se assemelhar aquela induzida pelo teste de esfor?o cardiopulmonar (TECP). Os objetivos deste estudo foram: (1) Avaliar se o ISWT ? um teste m?ximo para adolescentes assintom?ticos do sexo masculino. (2) Propor uma equa??o matem?tica para predizer o pico do consumo de oxig?nio (VO2 pico) e, (3) testar a confiabilidade dessa equa??o para essa popula??o. M?todos: No primeiro est?gio do estudo, 26 participantes realizaram o ISWT e o TECP. No segundo est?gio 50 participantes realizaram o ISWT duas vezes. Em ambos os est?gios foram avaliados VO2 pico, a frequ?ncia card?aca m?xima (FC m?x.) e o pico da raz?o de troca respirat?ria (R pico). No terceiro est?gio foram comparados os valores do VO2 pico preditos pela equa??o criada e obtidos de forma direta no ISWT. Resultados: N?o houve diferen?a significativa no VO2 pico, R pico e FC m?x. obtidos no ISWT e TECP. Os valores encontrados para o VO2 pico (r = 0,44. p = 0,002) e R pico (r = -0,53, p< 0,01) obtidos no ISWT e TECP apresentaram correla??o moderada e significativa, al?m de concord?ncia na an?lise de Bland-Altman. A velocidade da marcha foi a vari?vel que explicou 48% (R2 = 0,48, p = 0,000) da varia??o no VO2 pico no ISWT. Foi criada a equa??o VO2 previsto = 5,490 + (17,093 x Velocidade da Marcha). Os resultados obtidos pela equa??o foram comparados com os valores obtidos pelo analisador de gases e nenhuma diferen?a significativa foi encontrada entre eles. Conclus?es: Em crian?as e adolescentes do sexo masculino o ISWT ? um teste de esfor?o m?ximo com repercuss?es cardiorrespirat?rias similares ao TECP. A equa??o preditiva proposta ? uma estimativa vi?vel para predi??o do VO2 pico para essa popula??o.
Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Reabilita??o e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017.
The Incremental Shuttle Walking Test (ISWT) has been used to evaluate the Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF) of children and adolescents with different pathological conditions. It is unknown whether the cardiorespiratory response presented by asymptomatic adolescents in ISWT will be similar to that induced by CardiopulmonaryExerciseStress Test (CEPT). The aims of this study were: (1) To evaluate whether ISWT is a maximum test for asymptomatic male adolescents. (2) To propose a mathematical equation to predict peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) and (3) Totest the reliability of this equation on this population. Methods: In the first stage of the study, 26 participants performed the ISWT and the CEPT. In the second stage 33 participants performed the ISWT twice. In both stages, peak VO2, maximal heart rate (HR max) and peak respiratory rate (peak R) were evaluated. In the third stage, the peak VO2 values predicted by the equation created and obtained directly in the ISWT were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in the peak VO2 (p> 0.05), peak R (p> 0.05) and maximum HR obtained in ISWT and CEPT. The values found for the VO2 peak (r = 0.44, p = 0.002) and peak R (r = -0.53, p <0.01) obtained in the ISWT and CEPT presented a moderate correlation and anagreement in the analysis of Bland-Altman analysis. The gait speed was the variable that explained 48% (R2 = 0.48, p = 0.000) of the variation in the peak VO2. The VO2 peak equation = 5.490 + (17.093 x Gait Speed) was created. The results obtained by the equation were compared with the values obtained by the gas analyzer and no significant differences were found between them (p> 0.05). Conclusion: ISWT produced a cardiorespiratory response comparable to CEPT in asymptomatic male adolescents, and the developed equation presented viability to predict peak VO2 in adolescents.
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Silva, Rodrigo Ferrari da. "Os efeitos de três treinamentos concorrentes nas adaptações neuromusculares e cardiorrespiratórias de mulheres jovens." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/25910.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Diversas causas são apresentadas como possíveis responsáveis pela interferência nas adaptações neuromusculares quando realizamos simultaneamente o treinamento aeróbio e o de força, chamado treinamento concorrente. Tanto a intensidade quanto a modalidade do exercício aeróbio podem ser possíveis causas dessa interferência. Contudo, não foram encontrados estudos avaliando longitudinalmente a influência de diferentes intensidades e modalidades de exercício aeróbio no treinamento concorrente. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi comparar os efeitos de três treinamentos concorrentes, diferentes na intensidade e no exercício aeróbio utilizado, e de um treinamento de força nas adaptações neuromusculares e cardiorrespiratórias de mulheres jovens. Quarenta e quatro mulheres fisicamente ativas (22,3 ± 2,5 anos) foram divididas em quatro grupos: Grupo força (GF, n=12), que realizou apenas o treinamento de força; Grupo concorrente 1 (GCC, n=10), que realizou o TA em esteira, a partir da corrida contínua, além do TF; Grupo concorrente 2 (GCI, n=11), que realizou o TA em esteira, a partir da corrida intervalada, além do TF; e Grupo concorrente 3 (GCB, n=11), que realizou o TA contínuo em cicloergômetro, além do TF. Cada grupo treinou 2 vezes por semana durante 11 semanas o treinamento de força, aeróbio ou ambos tipos de treinamento na mesma sessão. Antes e após o período de treino, os indivíduos foram avaliados nos seguintes parâmetros neuromusculares: Força máxima (1 RM) nos exercícios de supino, extensão de joelhos e leg press (1 RM), resistência muscular (nº de rep. a 70% de 1 RM) nos exercícios extensão de joelhos e supino, torque máximo dos extensores do joelho (isométrico e isocinético nas velocidades de 60º/s e 180º/s). Além disso, foram realizadas avaliações do consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2max), tanto em teste de esteira (todos os grupos) como em cicloergômetro (apenas GCB). Foram observadas diferenças entre os momentos pré e pós treinamento em todos os grupos (p<0,05) nos valores de 1 RM, na resistência muscular e no torque isocinético nas velocidades de 60º/s e 180º/s, sendo essas diferenças semelhantes entre os grupos. Já no VO2max avaliado em esteira, foram observadas diferenças entre os momentos pré e pós treinamento para os grupos GCC (p=0,032) e GCI (p=0,001). Ao contrário das variáveis neuromusculares, os valores de VO2max ao final do treinamento apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p=0,004), em que se observou que os valores de VO2max no pós treinamento foram significativamente maiores para o GCI em comparação a GF e GCB, que não apresentaram diferenças entre si. No entanto, quando o VO2max foi avaliado em cicloergômetro, foram observadas diferenças entre os momentos pré e pós treinamento no GCB (p=0,025). Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que, em mulheres jovens, o treinamento concorrente parece não comprometer as adaptações na função neuromuscular ocorridas em resposta a 11 semanas de treinamento, independente da intensidade ou da modalidade do exercício aeróbio realizado.Several causes are presented as potentially responsible for interference in the neuromuscular adaptations when performed simultaneously aerobic training and strength, called concurrent training. Both the intensity and type of aerobic exercise may be possible causes of interference. However, there are no longitudinal studies evaluating the influence of different intensities and modalities of aerobic exercise in concurrent training. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of three concurrent training, different in intensity and aerobic exercise used, and strength training on neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory adaptations in women. Forty-four physically active women (22.3 ± 2.5 years) were divided into four groups: Strength (GF, n = 12), which held only the strength training; Concurrent training 1 (GCC, n = 10) , who held the aerobic training on a treadmill, running from the continuous addition of strength training; Concurrent training 2 (GCI, n = 11), who carried out the aerobic training on a treadmill, running from the intervals, in addition to strength training and concurrent training 3 (GCB, n = 11), who carried out the aerobic training continuous cycle ergometer, and strength training. Each group trained two times a week for 11 weeks, strength training, aerobic or both types of training in the same session. Before and after the training period, subjects were evaluated in the following neuromuscular parameters: Maximum strength (1 RM) in exercises supine, knee extension and leg press, muscle endurance (number of rep. 70% of 1 RM) in exercises knee extension and bench press, peak torque of knee extensors (isometric and isokinetic at speeds 60°/s and 180°/s). In addition, assessments were made of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) both in treadmill test (all groups) and cycle ergometer (only GCB). Differences were observed between pre and post training in all groups (p <0.05) in 1 RM, muscular endurance and isokinetic torque at speeds of 60 ° / s and 180 ° / s, and these differences were similar among groups. In VO2max, differences were observed between pre and post training in groups GCC (p = 0.032) and GCI (p = 0.001). Unlike the neuromuscular variables, the values of VO2max at the end of training showed significant differences between groups (p = 0.004), where it was observed that the values of VO2max at post training were significantly higher in GCI when compared to the values of GF e GCB, that showed no differences between them. However, where the VO2max was evaluated on a cycle ergometer, differences were observed between pre and post training in the GCB (p = 0.025). The results of this study suggest that in women, concurrent training appears not to compromise the adaptations in the neuromuscular function occurred in response to 11 weeks of training, regardless of the intensity or type of aerobic exercise performed.
29
Wilkerson, Daryl P. "Oxygen uptake kinetics during supra-maximal intensity exercise." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424750.
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30
Corriere, Mauro. "Effects of okadaic acid and dinophysistoxins on swimming and metabolic fitness of marine fish." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18164/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are natural occurrences that can severely impact marine communities. Depending on the species, they can produce a wide array of toxins, which may elicit devastating effects on marine life. Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) is a specific type of food poisoning, characterized by severe gastrointestinal illness due to the ingestion of filter feeding bivalves contaminated with a specific suite of toxins such as okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxins (DTXs). OA and DTXs are lipophilic and heat-stable compounds that frequently accumulate in bivalve mollusks along European coasts. It is established that organisms such as bivalves accumulate these toxins in their tissues, mostly in the digestive gland, through their filter feeding behavior acting therefore as a vectors for other organisms such as planktivorous fish. Here, for the first time, the time course of accumulation and elimination of Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) in juveniles of Zebra seabream (Diplodus cervinus) was assessed during an experimental period of 15 days. It was shown that fish present a high excretion rate and low toxin conversion, in fact no other compounds except for DTX-1 were found. Then fish aerobic metabolism and swimming performance were investigated, exposing individuals to OA group of toxins via dietary route during 3 days, after which fish were challenged with increasing swimming velocity trials using a swim tunnel respirometer. Results show that OA impaired on metabolic performance, assessed both during the standard metabolic rate (SMR) and during the maximum metabolic rate (MMR) as an oxygen consumption increment. Moreover, from critical swimming speed (Ucrit) analysis, significant differences among the two tested groups were observed. In conclusion, these studies show that fish can act temporary as a vector and, although a high elimination rate was found, at the same time toxins ingestion was able to impair their fitness.
31
Dansou, Houndjoui Pierre. "Tennis et aptitude aérobie chez la femme : étude en fonction de l'âge des réponses cardiaques et métaboliques lors d'un match éprouvant." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10176.
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32
Melo, Onécimo Ubiratã Medina. "Determinantes fisiológicos e biomecânicos do desempenho de corrida no plano inclinado em corredores recreacionais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/163725.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Apesar da incerteza a respeito dos efeitos de alguns marcadores fisiológicos e biomecânicos durante a corrida em plano inclinado (CPI), em comparação com a corrida em plano horizontal (CPH), variáveis fisiológicas tais como o consumo máximo de Oxigênio (VO2máx), a frequência cardíaca (FC) e a concentração de lactato sanguíneo apresentam maiores valores durante a CPI (aclive) em comparação com a CPH, implicando em uma maior carga mecânica nos músculos de membros inferiores. O presente estudo investigou o comportamento de variáveis fisiológicas e biomecânicas preditoras do desempenho da corrida de longa-distância realizada nos planos horizontal (0%) e inclinado (7%). Vinte corredores do sexo masculino (idade: 26,3 ± 6,7anos; massa corporal: 74,1 ± 9,2kg; estatura: 175 ± 0,05m; gordura corporal: 8,0 ± 2,8%) foram submetidos a dois testes incrementais e dois testes de Economia de Corrida a 10 km.h-1, todos em esteira rolante a 0% e 7% de inclinação, para a determinação do VO2máx, da velocidade máxima (pico) de corrida (vVO2máx), dos limiares ventilatórios (LVs), da FC submáxima, do consumo submáximo de oxigênio (ECO) e da magnitude de variáveis espaço-temporais da técnica de corrida, precedidos de um teste de força máxima (em leg press) e duas provas simuladas de 5.000 m em pista (0 %) e em plano inclinado (7%). Foi feita análise descritiva e aplicados os testes de Normalidade, Correlação Produto Momento de Pearson e Regressão Linear Múltipla, todos com α de 0,05. Verificaram-se fortes relações das variáveis fisiológicas vVO2máx (- 85,55%), 1o LV (- 7,42%), 2o LV (- 0,06%) e FC de ECO (6,92%) com o desempenho para a CPH, sendo o coeficiente de determinação do modelo de 80 %. Para a situação de CPI as variáveis fisiológicas 2o LV (16,70%), vVO2máx (72,30%) e FC de ECO (11,00%) foram as que apresentaram maiores relações com o desempenho, sendo o coeficiente de determinação do modelo correspondente a 69%. Para ambas as situações, as variáveis fisiológicas apresentaram maiores associações com o desempenho em comparação com as variáveis biomecânicas adotadas no presente estudo. Dessa maneira, conclui-se que o desempenho de corridas de longa-distância (i. e., 5.000 m), realizadas em plano horizontal e/ou inclinado, pode ser melhor predito considerando-se o comportamento de variáveis fisiológicas tais como a vVO2máx.Despite the uncertainty about the effects of some physiological and biomechanical markers during the slope running (SR) compared with running in the horizontal plane (PR), physiological variables such as maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentration have higher values for the SR (slope) compared to the PR, resulting in a greater mechanical load on the muscles of the lower limbs. The present study investigated the behavior of physiological and biomechanical performance predictors of long-distance race held in horizontal (0%) and inclined (7%) planes. Twenty male runners (age: 26.0 ± 6.7 years; body mass: 74.1 ± 0.0 kg; height: 175 ± 0.05 m, body fat: 8.0 ± 2.8%) performed two incremental maximal tests and two running economy tests at 10 km h-1, all on a treadmill at 0% and 7% gradient, for determining the VO2max, maximum speed (peak) race (vVO2max), ventilatory threshold (VTs), submaximal heart rate (HR), submaximal oxygen consumption (ECO), and spatiotemporal variables of running technique, preceded by a maximum force test (leg press) and two tests simulated 5,000 m on the track (0%) and slope (7%). We carried out descriptive analysis and applied the Normality tests, Correlation Product Moment of Pearson and Multiple Linear Regression, all with 0.05 α. There were strong relationships of physiological variables vVO2max (- 85.55%), 1 (LV - 7.42%), 2 (LV - 0.06%) and HR of ECO (6.92%) with the performance for PR and the coefficient of determination of 80% model. For the SR situation physiological variables second TV (16.70%), vVO2max (72.30%) and HR of ECO (11.00%) showed the highest ratios with the performance, and the determination of the corresponding model coefficient to 69%. For both situations, physiological variables showed stronger associations with the performance compared to the biomechanical variables used in this study. Thus, it is concluded that the performance of long-distance running (i. e., 5.000 m) held in horizontal and / or inclined plane, may be better predicted by considering the behavior of physiological variables such as vVO2max.
33
Li, Jia. "Oxygen consumption and oxygen delivery in children after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406548.
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34
Low, Clarke Alan. "Transient oxygen consumption rate measurements with the BDT̳M̳ oxygen biosensor system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45922.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (S. M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2008.In title on title page, double-underscored "TM" appears as superscript .
Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-111).
Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) is a reliable indicator of tissue health. Recently, the OCR of isolated human islets has been shown to predict transplant outcome in diabetic mice. The Oxygen Biosensor System (OBS) is a high-throughput, convenient assay that indirectly measures oxygen consumption by measuring oxygen partial pressure, pO2, adjacent to tissue loaded into the OBS multiwell plate. Solving the general species transport equations for a steady-state solution has not accurately converted pO₂ measurements to OCR. Furthermore, the time to reach steady-state is prohibitively long (at least 5 hr). Transient OBS experiments have been conducted and the rate of p02 change has been shown to correlate with the amount of viable tissue, however, no direct relation with OCR has been established. The overall objective of this thesis was to accurately measure OCR using transient OBS measurements. I fabricated flat OBS plates to simplify the geometry for theoretical models, but theoretical simulations did not match well with experimental data. Furthermore, fabricated flat OBS plates did not behave experimentally as would be expected from I-D, slab geometry. Simplified theoretical models were developed to qualitatively understand the effects of silicone rubber thickness, medium volume, and OCR density on the transient behavior of the OBS. It was shown that medium volume and OCR density should be increased as much as well-volume and tissue constraints allow. Commercial OBS plates were used for subsequent experiments, so it was unable to actively control silicone rubber thickness. Transient OBS measurements with both INS-1 cells and islets were correlated with stirred chamber OCR measurements conducted in parallel. The two measurements were linearly related and a calibration curve was developed so that OBS transient measurements could be converted to OCR. The relationship between the two measurements were similar enough for both cells and islets that the calibration curve seems to be independent of tissue geometry.
(cont.) Increased variability of islet tissue caused greater uncertainty about the islet prediction curve. This variability was compared with stirred chamber islet variability and islet sampling is hypothesized to be the underlying cause of high measurement variability with islets.
by Clarke Alan Low.
S.M.
35
Johnson, Patrick J. "Modelling of maximal and submaximal oxygen uptake in men and women." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4820.
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36
Sell, D. "Oxygen consumption and water balance in insects." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354956.
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37
Asano, Shinichi. "Excess postexercise oxygen consumption and interval training." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2005. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=521.
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38
Petrella, Robert J. "Left ventricular diastole and oxygen uptake at maximal and submaximal work rates." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21310.pdf.
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39
Beltrami, Fernando Gabe. "Beyond the VO2max plateau a new approach for measuring maximal oxygen uptake." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2744.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is typically defined by the presence of the "plateau phenomenon" during incremental exercise tests, in which O2 consumption levels-off in spite of increases in workload. This is thought to reflect a limitation in the capacity of the heart to pump O2 enriched blood to the exercising limbs. Some researchers however question not only the biological validity of the "plateau concept", based on mathematical and methodological issues, but whether O2 delivery to the exercising muscles indeed sets the upper limits for VO2max. This thesis aimed to address some of these controversies.
40
Lyon, Ashley N. "Maximal oxygen uptake and aging among elite distance runners : a 35 year follow-up." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1273270.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in maximal oxygen consumption and cardiorespiratory responses to maximal treadmill exercise of men, who engaged in intense physical training for more than 35-years. Thirteen men were first studied in 1969 and were re-examined in 1992 as a 25-year follow-up. The men were divided into two groups, group 1 (G1) and group 2 (G2). G1 (current age = 54.6 years) consisted of seven men who were Division I cross country runners in the late 1960's, and G2 (current age = 67.5 years) were highly active at the initial testing and were 14 years older than the men of G1 at all test dates. A maximal exercise test revealed a significant decrease in absolute and realtiveVO2ma, over the 35-years for both G1 and G2. G2 experienced a significant decline in VO2max when expressed in relative and absolute terms after the age of 56.5 years which occurred after the 25-year test. Maximal heat rate decreased over the 35-year period for both G1 (187.7 to 165.8 bpm) and G2 (181 to 164.7bpm), however only GI revealed a trend between the 25-and 35-year tests. O2pulse significantly decreased from the initial testing to the 35-year period in G2 (23.1 to 19.5 ml/beat). Body composition changes were evident with aging in that both GI and G2 had a significant increase in percent body fat over the 35-years however, only Gl had a significant increase in body weight at both the 25-and 35-year follow-up.These data suggest that aging and a reduced training regimen may have a significant effect upon VO2m and cardiorespiratory and body composition measures. It appears that after the age of 56 years, a greater reduction in VO2max occurs, which is accompanied by greater changes in stroke volume. Although the aerobic capacity of these men declined over the 35-year period, the values obtained by all men far exceeded the values reported for sedentary and less active men in other studies. Therefore, as previously reported, aging is associated with a reduction in aerobic capacity, however continued endurance training can reduce the rate at which aerobic capacity declines.Fisher Institute for Wellness and Gerontology
41
Hay, Peter Dominic. "Oxygen transfer and consumption within bioartificial liver devices." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366749.
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42
Morris, Mike. "The prediction of maximal oxygen uptake from a perceptually-regulated exercise test (PRET)." Thesis, University of Chester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/276044.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Borg 6–20 rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale is a common measure reported during exercise testing and training, and is usually taken as a response measurement to provide a subjective assessment of exercise intensity. A lesser used application of the scale is for regulating exercise intensity, referred to as its ‘production mode’. Recent research on this topic initiated by Eston et al. (2005) has led to a novel application of this procedure as a means of predicting an individual’s maximal oxygen uptake ( O2max) via a perceptually-regulated exercise test (PRET). The PRET could play a significant role in guiding exercise prescription and monitoring cardiorespiratory fitness levels in situations where the normal heart rate response is affected. The aim of this thesis is to develop further and test the integrity of the PRET technique. Firstly, a review of the evidence on the validity and reliability of the Borg RPE scale when used to regulate exercise intensity in healthy and unhealthy adults is presented, as to-date, no scholarly publication has synthesised the body of knowledge on this specific application of the scale. Subsequently, four studies were completed to investigate the effects of different methodological variations on the predictive capabilities of the PRET, including an examination (for the first time) of its utility among heart failure patients (Study 4). Study 1 re-visited the validity and reliability of the PRET technique utilising a modified protocol of differing durations (2 and 4 min bouts), with revised instructions and placing the graded exercise test (GXT) as the final trial during cycle ergometry. Superior results were observed to those reported in previous investigations (Eston et al., 2008; Faulkner et al. 2007; Eston et al., 2006) during the 3 min trial, further reinforcing the validity and reliability of this technique. Accordingly, Study 2 was the first to investigate the reliability and validity of a treadmill PRET protocol with a ceiling intensity of RPE 15, rather than RPE 17, and observed that a safer modified PRET (with practice) provides acceptably valid and reliable predictions of O2max in healthy adults. In addition, Study 3 extended the research thus far by investigating the PRET protocol during cycle exercise, once again with a ceiling intensity of RPE 15, and demonstrated that (with practice) a cycle-based PRET can yield reliable and valid predictions of O2max that compare favourably to previous investigations. Finally, given that the research employing a PRET has unanimously alluded to its likely value in clinical populations among whom heart rate as a physiological response to exercise is affected (e.g. via medication) and precluded as a means predicting O2max, Study 4 investigated the utility of a PRET in a beta-blocked population of heart failure patients. In the event, it was observed that a PRET (up to RPE 15) was too strenuous and needs to be capped at an intensity of RPE 13 in this population. In addition a continuous protocol seemed unsuitable due to its length and it was recommended that a discontinuous PRET protocol be investigated. Future research needs to investigate the utilisation of the PRET (i) in different exercise modes; (ii) determine the optimum number of practice trials required; (iii) whether a discontinuous or continuous protocol is more appropariate; (iv) whether the extrapolation should be made to RPE 19 or 20 and; (v) whether the PRET can be employed succesfully in other clinical populations.
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Wood, Daniel M. "Assessment of maximal oxygen uptake in runners : new concepts on an old theme." Thesis, University of Chichester, 1999. http://eprints.chi.ac.uk/939/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis aimed to establish why the incidence of a V02-plateau is typically high (>80%) for a discontinuous test but not for a continuous test, how treadmill grade influences V02peak and the incidence of a V02-plateau for a speed incremented test, and whether it is possible to develop a continuous protocol for which the incidence of a plateau in the V02-running speed relationship is >80%. Study 1 was a large study that addressed several issues. Each subject (n = 10) completed a discontinuous test (DCT) in which running speed was increased every 3 min, a continuous test in which the speed was increased every 3 min (CT), a ramp test in which the speed was increased every 5 s (5%RT60), and a run to exhaustion at a.speed calculated to elicit 105% V02 peak (105%T). For each test, the treadmill grade was set at 5%, and the sampling period was set at 60 s. Each subject also completed 2 further tests: a ramp test (5% grade) for which the sampling period was 30 s (5%RT30); and a ramp test (60 s samples) for which the treadmill grade was set at 0% (O%RT). The peak V02 (mean ± SD) was higher for the 5%RT60 than for the DCT (59.9 ± 7.9 vs. 57.8 ± 8.1 ml.1 kg·.1 min; p < 0.05), but the incidence of a V02-plateau was higher for the DCT (80% vs. 50%). The incidence of a plateau was also higher for the 5%RT60 than for the O%RT (50% vs. 30%), as was the peak V02 (59.9 ± 7.9 vs. 57.8 ± 7.9 rnl.kg·1.min·1; p = 0.003). The peak V02 was lower for the 105% T than for the 5%RT60, and the difference between the two values was negatively correlated with the duration of the 105%T (r = -0.89, p = 0.001). The incidence of a plateau was lower for the 5%RT30 than for the 5%RT60 (20% vs. 50%); the reason for this appeared to be that the variability in V02 was higher for the 30 s samples. It was concluded that discontinuous tests should not be used for the assessment of V02m", and that factors which influence the variability in V02 might be important determinants of the incidence of a plateau. Study 2 evaluated the effect of sampling period and exercise intensity on the variability in V02. Eight subjects completed 4 runs at -70% V02P" during which 12 samples of expirate were taken over periods 000, 60, 90, or 120 s. In addition, V02 was determined over twelve 30 s periods during runs at -70 and -96% V02Peak (n = 6). The SD for V02 decreased as sampling period increased from 30 to 60 s (1.3 ± 0.7 vs. 0.6 ± 0.2 ml.kg·1.min·1; p < 0.05), but no further decrease was observed as the sampling period increased beyond 60 s. This SD also decreased as exercise intensity increased (1.1 ± 0.2 vs. 0.6 ± 0.3 ml.kg·1.min·1; p = 0.005), such that the SD for 30 s samples taken during the run at -96% was the same as that for the 60 s samples taken at -70% V02Peak (P = 0.96). It was concluded that the only valid approach to defining a V02-plateau is one in which the sampling period decreases as exercise intensity increases. Study 3 evaluated three ramp tests for the assessment of V02max in runners. Each subject (n = 12) completed 3 tests: a constant speed, increasing grade test (lOT); a constant grade, increasing speed test on a level treadmill (0% T); and a constant grade, increasing speed test conducted at a 5% grade (5% T). For each test, the sampling period decreased as the exercise intensity increased and the individual V02 data were fit to both a linear model and a (two-piece) plateau model. For each test, the SEE was lower for the plateau model than for the linear model (p < 0.0005) and a V02-piateau was observed in >90% of subjects. However, V02max, was higher for the 5%T (64.0 ± 4.7 ml.kg·1.min·1) than for the O%T (62.6 ± 4.6 rnl.kg·1.min·1), and higher still for the lOT (65.1 ± 4.3 ml.kg·1min·1) (p < 0.05). It was concluded that whilst an upper limit for V02 is typically reached when trained runners perform a treadmill ramp test, the V02 at which this limit is reached depends on the conditions under which the test is performed.
44
Morrison, Paul. "Skate blade hollow and oxygen consumption during forward skating." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19759.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of skate blade hollow on oxygen consumption during forward skating on a treadmill. Varsity level female hockey players ( n = 10, age = 21.7 yr) performed skating tests at three blade hollows (0.25 in, 0.50 in, and 0.75 in). The subjects skated for four minutes at three submaximal velocities (12, 14, and 16 km/h), separated by five minutes of passive recovery. In addition, a VO^max test was performed on the day that the subjects skated at the 0.50 in hollow. The VOimax test commenced at 14 km/h and increased by 1 km/h each minute until volitional exhaustion was achieved. Four variables were measured for each skating bout, volume of gas expired (VE), volume of oxygen consumed (VO2), heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). No significant differences (pO.05) were found in any of the four test variables (VE, VO2, HR, RPE) across the three skate hollows. These results show that when skating on a treadmill at submaximal velocities, skate blade hollow has no significant effect on VE, VO2, HR or RPE.
45
Hoge, Richard D. "Magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral oxygen consumption and perfusion." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35896.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This dissertation describes both methodological developments in quantitative functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of cerebral oxygen consumption, and the results of experiments using these techniques to elucidate the mechanisms linking focal changes in blood flow and oxygen metabolism. Technical contributions presented include a novel MRI pulse sequence for simultaneously monitoring cerebral blood flow and tissue oxygenation with high signal-to-noise ratio, as well as an experiment automation system permitting complex multiparametric studies to be carried out efficiently in large numbers of subjects. These tools enabled us to make a number of significant neurophysiological discoveries with important implications for the design and interpretation of fMRI experiments. In particular, relative changes in cerebral perfusion and oxygen consumption were found to be coupled in a consistent linear ratio of approximately 2:1, respectively, in human visual cortex. A quantitative model predicting that oxygenation-sensitive MRI signals must be extremely sensitive to departures from this coupling ratio was also introduced, revealing that combined perfusion/oxygenation measurement during graded activation is a powerful tool for studying regulatory relationships between these parameters. Predictions based on this model were in excellent agreement with experimental results, supporting model-derived estimates of oxygen consumption and suggesting that the ∼2:1 coupling discovered in visual cortex is likely to apply in most cortical systems. Finally, important non-linear characteristics of fMRI signal dynamics in human visual cortex were revealed, challenging current models of fMRI transient response.
46
Hoge, Richard D. "Magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral oxygen consumption and perfusion." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0024/NQ50186.pdf.
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47
White, E. "Respiration chamber-free measurement of oxygen consumption in sheep." Thesis, University of Reading, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372674.
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48
Cox, Christina Lyn. "Effect of Nitric Oxide on Oxygen Consumption of Skeletal Muscle." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1703.
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49
Clevinger, Curtis. "Nitrifiers and their contribution to oxygen consumption in Lake Erie." Thesis, Kent State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3617735.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nitrification is a prokaryote-mediated oxygen consumptive process of the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite/nitrate that traditionally has been only viewed as a nutrient transformation process. Renewed concern about hypoxia in the shallow hypolimnion of the Central Basin of Lake Erie provides impetus for examining whether nitrification has a significant impact on oxygen dynamics. To evaluate the contribution of nitrification to oxygen demand, water column and sediment samples were collected during the summers of 2008-2010 in Lake Erie and the oxygen consumption due to nitrification and the abundance and distribution of potential bacterial (AOB) and archaeal (AOA) that oxidize ammonia to nitrite was characterized in water column and sediment samples by qPCR of a portion of the ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) gene. Environmental variables and nitrification rates were examined for correlations to understand factors that may control nitrification rates and/or the distribution of nitrifiers. The nitrification rate in the epilimnion and hypolimnion was 3.1 ± 3.2 micromole N/L/day and 3.7 ± 2.9 (mean ± 1 SD) micromole oxygen/L/day respectively. Nitrification accounted for 28.2 ± 23.1% of the total oxygen consumption in the epilimnion and 32.6 ± 22.2% in the hypolimnion. Oxygen consumption by nitrification in sediment slurries and intact sediment cores was 7.1 ± 5.8 micromole oxygen/gram/day and 682 ± 61.1 micromole oxygen/square m/day respectively. Nitrification accounted for 27.0 ± 19.2% of the total oxygen consumption in sediment slurries and 30.4 ± 10.7% in intact sediment cores. AOA and AOB were present in all samples, with a distribution that was variable over time and space. Highlighting the potential importance of archaeal nitrifiers, the AOA/AOB ratio in the epilimnion, hypolimnion, and sediments was 1.02, 1.08, and 5.25. The nitrification rate or nitrifier numbers did not strongly correlate with environmental factors such as oxygen, nitrate or ammonium. In the water column, respiration and the percentage of oxygen used due to nitrification were negatively correlated. While nitrification is unlikely to be the dominant oxygen consumptive process, the rates observed in Lake Erie were sufficient to theoretically deplete a large portion of the hypolimnetic oxygen pool during the stratified period.
50
Jucht, Kathy Rae. "The influence of age on excess post-exercise oxygen consumption." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/722441.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Oxygen consumption remains elevated above resting values for a variable period of time after exercise. Exercise intensity and duration, food intake, laboratory conditions, metabolic measurements, gender and age are all major factors affecting the duration and magnitude of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). In the present study, the influence of age on EPOC was studied in men of various fitness levels. Various metabolic measurements were collected for three distinct age groups, 18-25, 35-45, and 55-67 at rest and during exercise at 60% of maximal oxygen consumption until 200 ± 10 kilocalories were expended. Immediately after the exercise bout, subjects walked on the treadmill for one minute and then were seated until oxygen consumption returned to within .01 liters of the recorded resting values.Percent body fat, V02 max and exercise V02 were significantly different between age groups. The duration (23-25 minutes) and magnitude (7-11 kilocalories) of EPOC did not differ significantly between groups. However, heart rate and minute ventilation were significantly elevated above resting measurements when V02 reached resting values. In conclusion, the physiological differences associated with the aging process were not found to significantly affect the duration and magnitude of EPOC.School of Physical Education