Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Matière organique particulaire – Combustion"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Matière organique particulaire – Combustion":
Chergui, H. "Flux des particules grossières de matière organique allochtone et autochtone dans un bras mort du Rhône." Revue des sciences de l'eau 2, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 565–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705043ar.
Luck, F., C. Bonnin, G. Niel, and G. Naud. "Caractérisation des sous-produits d'oxydation des boues en conditions sous-critiques et supercritiques." Revue des sciences de l'eau 8, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 481–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705234ar.
FLANAGAN, K., P. BRANCHU, L. BOUDAHMANE, E. CAUPOS, D. DEMARE, S. DESHAYES, P. DUBOIS, et al. "Vers une maîtrise à la source de la contamination des eaux pluviales urbaines : rétention et devenir de micropolluants dans deux ouvrages de filtration végétalisés." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 12 (January 20, 2020): 65–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/201912065.
Naamane, Badreddine, Hassan Chergui, and Eric Pattée. "Distribution de la matière organique particulaire (M.O.P.) et de la faune invertébrée au niveau des milieux aquatiques interstitiels du bassin du Sebou (Maroc central)." Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 69, no. 7 (2000): 157–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/linly.2000.11337.
Olivier, Marc, Gaston Desrosiers, Alain Caron, Christian Retière, and Aline Caillou. "Réponses comportementales des polychètes Nereis diversicolor (O.F. Müller) et Nereis virens (Sars) aux stimuli d'ordre alimentaire : utilisation de la matière organique particulaire (algues et halophytes)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, no. 12 (December 1, 1995): 2307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-273.
Дисертації з теми "Matière organique particulaire – Combustion":
Pietraccini, Matteo. "Mechanisms involved in the fast combustion of organic powders : application to dust explosions." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0290.
The industry's risk associated with dust explosions is commonly accepted as high by the scientific community, and it must be reduced to a minimum to improve working conditions. However, the lack of knowledge of the phenomena involved, combined with a scarce general awareness of numerous industrial realities, transforms the dust explosions into profoundly dangerous accidental scenarios. Powder manipulation is a fundamental brick of contemporary industrial reality, and no shortcut can be chosen to bypass it. For this reason, dust explosions are merged with a large variety of processes and need to be studied and well understood. In the second half of the XX century, an energetic transition destabilised the fossil energy sector, painting it greener and greener. As a result, lignocellulosic biomass was and still is one of the most popular worldwide bioenergy sources. Moreover, its enormous versatility and significant technological progress made it possible to start the competition with fossil fuels. The development of the bioenergy sector and the dust explosion are the two actors of this work. Therefore, organic dust explosions were chosen as a study subject, comprehended and characterised to contribute to the scientific knowledge of these phenomena. They can be treated as transient, turbulent, particle-laden systems, which makes them complex and far from being straightforward to understand. Several physicochemical phenomena are involved in the global one. First, a dispersion step is unavoidable in a dust explosion. In this phase, the powder's features may change and strongly impact its behaviour. Second, particle-to-particle interactions are responsible for agglomeration and deagglomeration in the dust cloud thus formed. Again, it can modify the system's characteristics, influencing its thermal comportment. Cohesive forces may lead to strong aggregation of the particles, which has notably a mark on the particle heating time scale. A large selection of organic powders was tested, and their tendency to agglomerate in a dust cloud was quantified. Third, a fundamental brick of organic powder explosions is the pyrolysis step, which can be seen as a devolatilisation responsible for creating a flammable atmosphere within the dust cloud. It is often the rate-limiting step of the global process, and it needs thus to be well analysed. Then, the potential synergy between the gaseous and solid phases can lead to a reactive system different from the sum of the two. Some new phenomena might be generated from this. For instance, radiative heat transfers are major players in the flame propagation phase, strongly dependent on the dust concentration and its optical properties. To conclude, willing to develop an original method to determine the laminar flame speed of organic powders, three apparatuses were selected and compared. The benefits and drawbacks of each were listed and used as choosing criteria
Savoye, Nicolas. "Origine et transfert de la matière organique particulaire dans les écosystèmes littoraux macrotidaux." Brest, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BRES2034.
Dubois, Anne-Sophie. "Composition et transfert trophique de la matière organique particulaire dans le Bassin d’Arcachon." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14515/document.
Abstract
Zhang, Qijie. "Simulation de la matière particulaire dans la région parisienne, en particulier de l'aérosol organique." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077206.
Human activities in large agglomerations ("megacities") cause large pollutant emissions, with negative effects on air quality and human health at a local and regional level. Fine particulate matter (PM) is one of the greatest concerns for health. Organic aerosol makes up a large part of fine PM, but there are still large gaps in the knowledge on its formation pathways and there is considerable uncertainty in its 3D modeling. In this thesis, PM₂. ₅ simulations with the regional chemistry-transport model CHIMERE were first evaluated with measurement date collected in Paris in springtime, 2007. The model results show good performance of simulating occurrence of peaks, especially for inorganic aerosols which mainly originate from long range transport from Northeastern and Central Europe. Modeled primary organic aerosol (POA) is overestimated when considered as non-volatile by a factor of two, while secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is underestimated by a factor of more than two. In order to improve the model performance of organic aerosol simulation, the volatility basis set approach which formalizes new knowledge on POA volatility and on SOA chemical aging is implemented into CHIMERE. Model simulations are evaluated with ground based and airborne observations obtained during two intensive field campaigns performed in the Paris agglomeration in summer 2009 and winter 2009/2010 in the frame of the European MEGAPOLI project. The simulation for organic aerosol is improved when taking into account POA volatility and multistep oxidation of semivolatile VOC during the summer campaign. Advection of continental air masses to the Paris agglomeration with enhanced SOA levels either from anthropogenic or biogenic origin, is well restituted by the model. SOA build-up in the plume is overestimated by a factor of two when normalized to photochemical ozone production, but this factor is within the uncertainty of the VBS approach. During the winter campaign, SOA formation is still underestimated. These results clearly represent progress in the modeling of organic aerosol in and around a large urban agglomeration. The model was used to estimate sources contributing for summer 2009 to organic aerosol in the agglomeration and in the plume. Within the agglomeration, advection of biogenic, anthropogenic and background SOA from outside was dominant, while locally emitted POA accounts to about a quarter of total OA. In the plume, anthropogenic SOA formation, and to some extent also SOA formation from aged POA becomes dominant. These results are in broad agreement with source apportionment studies from observations
Cotrim, Da Cunha Leticia. "Caractérisation de la matière organique particulaire et dissoute dans un fleuve méditerranéen, le Tech." Perpignan, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PERP0376.
Characterisation of organic matter in small rivers and streams is important to qualify the impact of human activity and identify the main biogeochemical processes in the drainage basin. Small drainage basin areas enable a better approach to characterise and qualify the riverine organic matter
Panagiotopoulos, Christos. "Distribution moléculaire et état de dégradation des sucres combinés dans la matière organique particulaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX22079.
Nouara, Amel. "Développement d'outils analytiques pour la quantification et l'étude isotopique des composés organiques issus des feux de biomasse dans l'environnement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0329.
Biomass burning (BB) pollution is a major concern for public health and climate change. In order to improve our understanding on the origin and fate of compounds related to BB in the environment, we have developed new analytical methods (isotopic and chromatographic methods) allowing the detection of anhydrosugars as well as a broader panel of sugars in natural ecosystems. The first developed method allowed to perform for the first time compound specific isotopic measurements of individual sugars by EA-IRMS (δ13C) and/or EA-AixMICADAS (∆14C) after purification by HPLC-RI. Our results showed the presence of anhydrosugars in the marine particulate organic matter (POM) sample with a terrestrial isotopic signature (δ13C <26.2‰), indicating an external terrestrial input to marine environment. In addition, the radiocarbon signature of levoglucosan (∆14C = 33‰) from total suspended atmospheric particles (TSP) sample indicates a modern age, suggesting its recent synthesis in the environment. The HPAEC-PAD chromatography is the second method developed in the frame of this study and provided a full analysis of 17-simple sugars. This method allowed for the first time the quantification of anhydrosucres in the marine POM and high molecular weight dissolved organic matter (HMWDOM), that represent 2% and 3% of total sugars detected, respectively. In a complementary study, the emissions from BB have been also studied in aerosols from the Mediterranean Sea by monitoring the annual variations of anhydrosugars. The results of this study highlight the important contribution of BB emissions (up to 13%) to organic carbon pool in the PM10 particles arriving in the Mediterranean basin
Galeron, Marie-Aimée. "Degradation of terrestrial particulate organic matter discharged by rivers in the Mediterranean Sea : processes, interactions and global impacts." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4120.
The degradation of terrestrial organic matter has puzzled scientists for decades. Once thought to be refractory to further degradation once at sea, it was finally shown that very little trace of a terrestrial signature was found in coastal sediments.In order to fully apprehend these degradation processes, it is crucial that we look at their global occurrence, and try to determine if the same pattern is observed in temperate areas.Using a set of lipid tracers especially designed to help us trace both the origin of the particulate organic matter and the degradative processes it had undergone, all samples collected in the Rhône river were analyzed and compared with Arctic and Tropical samples. The roles of photo- and autoxidation during riverine transport were clearly evidenced: photo-oxidation was the main degradation driver in the Mackenzie River, while autoxidation had a clearly more important role in the Amazon River. In the Rhône River, both processes had a moderate impact on riverine suspended particulate matter (SPM), but yet, an intense autoxidation was evidence in the Rhône plume, just as it was evidenced in the Mackenzie plume.Further analyses on the collected samples allowed us to formulate – and confirm – a new hypothesis. A lipoxygenase enzymatic activity was observed and quantified in all the samples studied, at various degrees depending of local conditions. This activity was shown to be induced by the variable amounts of autoxidation- or photo-oxidation deriving hydroperoxides present in the suspended particulate matter, highest at high and low latitudes
Liénart, Camilla. "La matière organique particulaire dans les systèmes côtiers : composition, dynamique et forçages à l'échelle multi-systémique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0255/document.
Pelagic coastal systems are characterized by multiple inputs of particulate organic matter (POM) from autochthonous (phytoplankton) and allochthonous (continental, benthic) origin whose spatial and temporal variability can be high. The aims of my PhD were to 1) quantify POM composition in pelagic coastal systems, 2) determine the forcings to its spatio-temporal dynamics and 3) investigate the link between bacteria and POM composition. This study was conducted on twelve systems (estuary, lagoon, bays, rias, littoral) distributed over the three maritime facades of France by combining the use of elemental and isotopic ratios (composition), fatty acids (POM-bacteria link) and multivariate analysis (forcings).At multi-systems and/or intra-system scale, two main gradients are observed:- an inshore (higher continental and benthic contribution) - offshore gradient (phytoplanktonic POM) mainly related to hydrodynamics and sedimentary hydrodynamics (river flow, resuspension of benthic material) and to the proximity to allochthonous sources- a South (POM related to diazotrophy) – North (absence of this POM) gradient, associated to the trophic status (oligo vs meso/eutrophy) of the studied systems.The seasonality of spatio-temporal dynamics of POM composition is highly variable depending on the station. It is in general higher near the coast and lower offshore and upstream in the studied estuary. This dynamic is also strongly associated to sedimentary hydrodynamics.Finally, this study highlight that bacterial biomass is mainly associated to continental and benthic POM
Navel, Simon. "Rôle des échanges à l’interface eau-sédiment et de l’activité des invertébrés sur la dégradation de la matière organique particulaire dans le milieu hyporhéique." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10291.
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