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Статті в журналах з теми "Matériaux d'emballage – Analyse – Méthodologie"
Garcia, Guillaume, Selma Bendjaballah, and Jérémie Vandenbunder. "Enseigner l’enquête de terrain à partir d’archives d’enquêtes par entretiens." Emulations - Revue de sciences sociales, no. 39-40 (May 11, 2022): 169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/emulations.039-40.09.
Повний текст джерелаBessac, Jean-Claude, and Marianne Boqvist. "Les chantiers de construction de la citadelle de Damas: méthodologie et résultats préliminaires." Arqueología de la Arquitectura, no. 4 (December 30, 2005): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/arq.arqt.2005.85.
Повний текст джерелаMbeng Dang, Hanse Gilbert, and Fernando Ligue Engamba. "Coopération culturelle et tourisme à l’aune de « la Ceinture et la Route » entre la Chine-Afrique : enjeux et défis des dynamiques transitionnelles." Journal of Sino-African Studies 2, no. 1 (April 7, 2023): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.56377/jsas.v2n1.8193.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Matériaux d'emballage – Analyse – Méthodologie"
Kassouf, Amine. "Sécurité sanitaire des denrées au contact de matériau d'emballage : proposition d'une démarche méthodologique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0006.
Повний текст джерелаCompliance of plastic food contact materials (FCMs) with current legal specifications requires a better knowledge of their composition as well as their interaction phenomena with food in contact. Inspired by non-hypothesis driven metabolomics approaches, mining useful information in spectral and chromatographic fingerprints such as those generated by mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR), gas and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GCMS and LC-MS) and 3D front face fluorescence spectroscopy, is becoming a key step in recent advancements in analytical chemistry, which we applied for the safety evaluation of FCMs. Innovative chemometric tools were used especially independent components analysis (ICA). In fact, the developed analytical approaches, that combine analytical fingerprints with chemometrics, helped to extract relevant information about the composition of these materials, such as intentionally added substances, listed in the EU regulations Nº10/2011, and also unknown molecules resulting from chemical reactivity and contamination. This approach was validated in particular for monitoring polyethylene terephthalate bottles manufacturing process as well as for the quantification of plasticizers in polylactide. Moreover, the proposed non-targeted methodologies proved their efficiency in highlighting the reactivity of migrating compounds from FCMs into complex foodstuffs such as olive oils. The scope of the developed approaches is not limited to the study of FCMs safety. The combination of MIR fingerprints with ICA allowed us to ensure an effective separation of the main plastic packaging materials. This approach could easily find applications in the sorting of plastic wastes prior to recycling
Pechard-Presson, Béatrice. "Méthodologie pour l'étude par analyse d'images de la microstructure de matériaux composites biphasés." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1997_PECHARD_PRESSON_B.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLedrappier, Florent. "Méthodologie d'étude pour optimiser la tenue en fatigue superficielle de dépôts minces." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2005. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/fledrappier.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe most of mechanical components used for transmission of movement are subjected to repeated impacts or cyclic loading. If these elements are well designed and materials well chosen, their endurance is linked to surface fatigue mechanisms. In order to improve the fatigue behaviour of these pieces, hard coatings, like PVD or PACVD coatings, seems to be appropriate. Unfortunately, nowadays, such hard coatings could not be used for elements whose replacement is more difficult than cutting tools. The comprehension of the failure mechanisms will make possible the optimisation of the fatigue behaviour of hard coatings. In order to study the surface fatigue behaviour of thin hard PVD coatings, a specific apparatus was developed to carry out repeated impacts with a broad range of energy. The possibility to chart the fatigue behaviour of different coatings is illustrated throw the example of TiBN, CrN, CrxNy and DLC coatings
Bounichane, Benaamer. "Vers une méthode d'analyse des états de surfaces en sciences des matériaux : de la caractérisation à la recherche de paramètres pertinents." Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1844.
Повний текст джерелаThe monitoring and control of the surface are important issues in several areas in Mechanics. Many studies are ongoing to understand the interactions between the surface morphology and the physical mechanisms, chemical or mechanical. A key aspect that still needs improvement is the accurate characterization of surfaces, according to areas and needs, especially when it cornes to extracting the most relevant parameters for characterizing surface and define the level most appropriate for it. The aim of this project is to construct a methodology for processing bidimensional parameters (profiling) which allows, using an expert system to give the user the parameter of surface state associated with optimal desired functionality. We present in this paper the philosophy and methodology of building the system architecture that we called "MesRug". We also explain the technology used for the realization of this system, how to use it and enrich it with new multi-scale characterization of surfaces and new roughness parameters. We also present some developments and analyzes multi-scale integrated into the system "MesRug" to determine the characteristics of a set of elements (scale of measurement, parameter, lifter, to better discriminate the desired property, statistical methods used to determine the relevance of roughness parameters, and applications for various studies conducted using this approach
Walter, Philippe. "Etude du comportement du fluor lors des interactions silice-solutions aqueuses : applications archéologiques." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30025.
Повний текст джерелаNguyen, Dac Loi. "Nouvelle méthodologie d'identification des propriétés mécaniques locales d'un matériau hétérogène par nanoindentation : application aux matériaux du génie civil." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1028/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe present work proposes and develops a complete methodology for identifying the local mechanical properties of a heterogeneous material at the scale of the constitutive phases. It is a combination of very diverse skills in theory, in numerical simulation and in experimentation. More precisely, the theoretical part concerns the determination of the nano-micro relations for the indentation module; the numerical part based on the yield design theory is carried out to find the last relations applicable for the hardness; and the last part is performed to obtain homogenized properties by the experimental way using the nano-indentation technique. The experimental study of the thesis is for the purpose of determining indentation properties of different cement paste samples. A complete experimental program, is developed, which allows characterizing the main phases at the micrometric scale of this material, among which we are mainly interested in the C-S-H matrix phases. The modeling of the problem related to the penetration of an indentation point into a material is studied. For this, the first way, based on the kinematic approach of the yield design theory, consists in trying to construct ruin mechanisms analytically, then to make them evolve according to the change of the initial geometry, in order to obtain the corresponding ultimate load. The second way is then to follow the same approach, but by building numerically these ruin mechanisms. The obtained load depends naturally on the retained criteria parameters, which are determined by the combination with the experimental results. The Von-Mises and Tresca strength criteria for purely coherent materials as well as the elliptical one are examined in this work
Bertin, Ingrid. "Conception des bâtiments assurant leur réversibilité, leur déconstruction et leur réemploi, méthodologie de suivi et évaluation environnementale sur les cycles de vie." Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC1041.
Повний текст джерелаIn a context of strong environmental pressure in which the construction sector has the greatestimpact, the reuse of the load-bearing elements is the most promising as it significantly avoidswaste production, preserves natural resources and reduces greenhouse gas emissions by cuttingdown on embodied energy.This thesis consequently covers three main areas of research:1. Improvement of structural design through expedient typologies by defining the DfReu(Design for Reuse) in order to anticipate the use of load-bearing elements (vertical andhorizontal), that can be dismantled and reused at the end of their service life to extendtheir lifespan, ultimately increasing the stock of available elements for reuse.2. Development of a methodology for the implementation of a reinforced and long-lastingtraceability centered on a materials bank with the use of BIM in order to secure all thecharacteristics, in particular physico-mechanical, of the load-bearing elements and tofacilitate the reuse processes as well as the commitment of a new responsibility for thereuse engineer.3. Identification of the key parameters influencing the environmental impacts of reuse anddevelopment of sensitivity study, allowing a better comprehension of the consequencesof this process and its consideration in design to support to decision making.An experiment based on reinforced concrete demonstration portals frames has enabledcorroboration of these three lines of research by generating missing data in literature. Thispractical analysis of column-beam assembly has generated technical data on the structuralbehavior after reuse, but also environmental data for implementation and deconstruction.This research offers subsequently a methodology based on a chain of tools to enable engineersto design reversible construction assemblies within a reusable structure, to secure the necessaryinformation in the BIM model coupled with physical traceability, to build a bank of materials andto enhance design through a stock of load-bearing elements. The study thus distinguishes"design with a stock" which aims to combine as many available elements as possible, from"design from a stock" which leads to the reuse of 100% of the elements and thus presents a newparadigm for the designer.At the same time, the environmental impacts of the reuse process are studied using a life cycleassessment (LCA). A sensitivity study, based among other things on the number of uses and thelifespan, in comparison to equivalent new constructions, provides a better understanding of theareas of interest of the DfReu. Consideration of criteria specific to the circular economy inbuildings completes the definition of reuse criteria. In the end, environmental studies establishunder which conditions reuse reduces the impact of a building and identify the key parameters.The results obtained are primarily intended for structural engineers but more broadly fordesigners part of the project management: architects, engineers and environmental designoffices, in order to offer and encourage the study of variants anticipating the reusability of newlydesigned buildings. By extension, the results can also be used in projects involving existingbuildings
Sayagh, Shahinaz. "Approche multicritère de l'utilisation de matériaux alternatifs dans les chaussées." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348412.
Повний текст джерелаYounus, Ayesha. "Imagerie térahertz 2D et 3D : application pour l’étude des matériaux du patrimoine culturel." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14312/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe scope of this thesis is to demonstrate the potential of terahertz (THz) imaging for non-destructive evaluation of various artworks associated with a complete 3D volumetric inspection. For this purpose we used a pulsed THz time-domain spectrometer and a portable millimeter continuous wave scanner. Time-of-flight of THz electric field and material dependent spectroscopic information allows the analysis of various artistic samples. THz imaging was able to reveal buried layer information, covered by several layers of painting and plaster. It was also possible to evaluate the variations of the painting thickness along with their spectroscopic features in the THz range. The portable imaging system was used for the inspection of real historical art samples preserved at museum of Aquitaine (France). THz computed tomography has been performed for visualizing volumetric objects. Different reconstruction methods have been compared in order to enhance final image quality with the optimization of the number of projections. Finally the tomographic technique was used for a complete 3D inspection of historical art objects
Pantera, Laurent. "Application d'une méthodologie statistique à la compréhension du phénomène de corrosion du surgénérateur Phénix." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD509.
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