Дисертації з теми "Matériaux composites Al/D"
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Kraiem, Nada. "Impression 3D de matériaux composites à base de diamant pour des applications de gestion thermique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0129.
Повний текст джерелаWith the trend towards miniaturization of electrical equipment and the constant increase in power density in semiconductor devices, efficient heat management has become a major concern for researchers. Indeed, this technological evolution imposes increasingly strict constraints in terms of thermal dissipation, necessitating innovative solutions to ensure better durability and reliability of components. In this context, the use of composite materials offering high thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion compared to pure metals has become essential to address overheating issues in electronic components. The utilization of advanced materials such as diamond (D), with exceptional thermal conductivity and hardness properties, stands out as a preferred choice for reinforcing metal matrices. However, its incorporation into composite materials requires the creation of a well-defined D-metal interface, both to avoid porosity formation and to ensure efficient transfer of thermal properties. Additive manufacturing of 3D materials by laser fusion is emerging as a promising solution, not only for the ease of implementation of these composites, but also for the creation of complex structures dedicated to heat dissipation. These structures play a crucial role in optimizing the heat exchange surface by convection with the surrounding air, thus allowing efficient dissipation of heat generated by modern electronic devices.In this study, 3D printing of copper (Cu) was achieved through the addition of an optimal amount of aluminum. This approach significantly improved the densification of copper-based materials, despite the challenges posed by its high reflectivity. Subsequently, in-depth investigation and optimization of laser 3D printing of the AlSi10Mg alloy, before and after the incorporation of D, were carried out. Finally, a crucial post-processing step was optimized, consisting of polishing Al/D composite materials using laser ablation.This work was carried out as part of an international collaboration between the University of Nebraska, Lincoln in the United States of America, and the University of Bordeaux in France
El, Hage Christiane. "Modélisation du comportement élastique endommageable de matériaux composites à renfort tridimensionnel." Compiègne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006COMP1642.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is dedicated to the modelling of the elastic damage behaviour composite material 3D reinforced. The study is articulated around three essential points: the comprehension of the damage process, analytical modelling and the optimization of architectures of the reinforcements. The studies of carbon architectures are resulting from an orthogonal weaving 3D and 5 Interlock. They are subjected respectively to compression and uniaxial tension tests. The correlation between signals of acoustic emission and the microscopic observations makes it possible to emphasize the effect of architecture on the phenomena of damages. The elastic damage behaviour until the rupture is described with a duality between an analytical model of homogenization and the criterion 3D of Tsai-Wu, coupled to damage criteria. This model takes into account the geometrical characteristic of architectures of the reinforcements. The optimization part is dedicated to minimization of the REV
Lascoup, Bertrand. "Analyse et modélisation du comportement mécanique de structures composites sandwichs multi-D." Compiègne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005COMP1585.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this work is to apprehend the damaging modes of an original sandwich structure strengthened by stitches and to propose a predictive tool for the choice of the geometrical and material parameters. This objective requires both an experimental and a theoretical approach. The experimental part enables to determine the behavior of this type of structure under static and dynamic stresses. A R TM device was created in order to control the implementation parameters and to highlight the influence of the microstructure of the reinforcements. The analysis of the damage mechanisms highlights the influence of the geometrical parameters of stitches on the behavior of the structure. The problems resulting from the inter-laminar efforts are attenuated: the brittleness of the core/skin interface and delamination into the skins is reduced. The modelling part allows to represent the material behavior by using simple and adapted theories and seeks to predict the rigidity and the maximum stress in the three directions. A data-processing tool named SANDTEX brings a predictive tool to the industrial world
Tran, Anh Binh. "Développement de méthodes numériques multi échelle pour le calcul des structures constituées de matériaux fortement hétérogènes élastiques et viscoélastiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657270.
Повний текст джерелаBen'MBarek, Talel. "Utilisation d’une méthode optique sans contact pour décrire le comportement mécanique de composites bois/plastique ‘WPC’." Thesis, Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU3035/document.
Повний текст джерелаFirstly we have compared longitudinal strenght obtained by stereo correlation with mechanical extensometer forthe same tests. It is shown that macroscopic values of the longitudinal strain are closed to those measured bymechanical extensometers using standard mechanical tests. Four injected WPC formulations (with or withoutadditive and with 10% or 30% of wood) are consider. WPC surface particularities and wood fibers distributionon samples have no effect on WPC mechanical performances. Also 3D digital image correlation givesinformations on Tensile performances (from quality and quantity point of view). Cyclic tensile tests have beenperformed in order to analyse the damage of material. A non-linear behaviour is shown. The Modulus ofElasticity (MOE) is provided by a Maxwell-Bingham model fitted to the experimental tensile curves. Color mapsof the spatial strain distribution are commented. Moreover, the damage behaviour and the degree ofheterogeneity for several percentages of fibre wood-based WPC are analysed thanks to the spatial standarddeviation of the longitudinal strain field. With this technology it was possible to study of the mechanicalproperties in tensile and compression during four bending test. The second objective was to improve the linkbetween PEHD matrix and wood fibres because of the incompatibility between the polar hydrophilic wood fibresand the non-polar hydrophobic polyethylene. For this reason, the wood fibre was treated by maleic polyethyleneanhydride (MAPE) (grafting by copolymerization) and was acetylated (grafting of carbon chain). In this part, theeffect on the mechanical properties, of maleic anhydride modified polyethylene (MAPE) and of the length of thecarbon chain graft (CCG) between a (HDPE) matrix and wood fiber is studied. Furthermore, Scanning ElectronMicroscope (SEM) is used to characterize the morphology of the wood fibre / HDPE matrix interface forspecimens with carbon chain grafted
Leloup, Jean-Michel. "Matériaux composites conducteurs protoniques." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20219.
Повний текст джерелаKchit, Nadir. "Piézorésistivité des matériaux composites magnétorhéologiques." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE4075.
Повний текст джерелаWe have studied the conductivity of the composite material made of micron-sized nickel particles embedded in a silicone elastomer matrix in response to the applied pressure, temperature and magnetic field. The composite was cured at 80°C or at the ambient temperature and in the presence of an external magnetic field, in such a way that the magnetic particles formed structures aligned with the field. The samples cured at room temperature appeared to be non-conductive at zero pressure but very sensitive to the applied pressure. The resistance of these samples can vary from a few G at zero pressure to a few for a pressure ranging between 20 and 200 kPa, depending on the nature of conductive particles. For the same type of the composite, we have also obtained a very strong magnetoresistance - more than four orders of magnitude variation in resistance for a field ranging between 0 and 200 kA/m. However, the samples structured at 80°C show a low initial resistance at the end of cooling, and are much less sensitive to the applied pressure. We used these samples to study the thermoresistance: while heating, the resistance increases from a few to a few G We have developed a model to predict the behavior of these piezoresistive materials, which takes into account the surface roughness and the thickness of the oxide layer. Using this model, we characterized the residual thickness of the polymer layer between particles as well as the behaviour of such surface layer in the presence of a mechanical stress
Monteiro, Eric. "Contributions aux méthodes numériques pour traiter les non linéarités et les discontinuités dans les matériaux hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601050.
Повний текст джерелаGrange, François. "Matériaux composites pour antenne miniature intégrée." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601825.
Повний текст джерелаLei, Yannick Ruani. "Matériaux composites électroactifs à porosité contrôlée." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20074.
Повний текст джерелаAmong all systems for electrical storage, electrochemical devices are interesting because they turn chemical energy into electrical energy. Supercapacitor and Li-ion battery have high power density and good energy density, respectively. The topic of the present work is the preparation of composite electrode material MnO2/C for supercapacitor, SnO2/C for Li-ion battery and synthesis of porous SiC. This could be achieved starting by the synthesis of mesoporous carbon (900m2/g) following a hard template method. At first, the evaluation of electrochemical performances of composite electrode material for supercapacitor shows two different behaviours versus the ratio of MnO2. We could observe an optimal ratio for which capacitance was maximal (900F/g). Secondly, the volumic variations occurring while charge/discharge of SnO2/C electrode materials are contained by the carbon matrix. In spite of limited electrochemical performances for pure SnO2 electrode material, the cyclability of SnO2/C electrode materials is enhanced. At last, the synthesis of porous SiC can be achieved by the thermal reduction of SiO2/C composite using Mg as reducing agent. The as-prepared material is a replica of silica template
Leroux, Julien. "Modélisation numérique du contact pour matériaux composites." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961209.
Повний текст джерелаTalbot, Philippe. "Introduction à l'étude des matériaux magnétiques composites." Brest, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BRES2010.
Повний текст джерелаFADEL, LARBI. "Etude par frottement interne des matériaux composites." Poitiers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993POIT2268.
Повний текст джерелаFonblanc, Gilles. "Mousses syndactiques : matériaux composites pour grandes profondeurs." Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR10517.
Повний текст джерелаHassler, Ulf. "Tomographie X bi-énergie de matériaux composites." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0049.
Повний текст джерелаRatiarisoa, Lisa Barbara. "Etude de matériaux naturels 2D : Potentialités d'utilisation comme renfort de matériaux composites." Thesis, Antilles, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANTI0393.
Повний текст джерелаFacing the worldwide environmental, social and economic crisis awareness, the possibility ofreinforcing composites by a lignocellulosic textile reinforcement, the coconut leaf sheaths fromCocos nucifera L. was assessed in this work. The exploratory phase of sheaths characterizationhas shown that this resource forms a two-way textile made up of cellulose mostly. In contrast toclassic vegetable reinforcements, it is less hygroscopic, lighter with best tensile mechanicalproperties in preferential fibers directions. About the experimental campaign on the treatmentseffect, xylanase and laccase treated sheaths show a slight surface chemical change. Pyrolysedfibers are more hydrophobic but less resistant translating a damaging of them. Lime treatedsheaths show a higher thermal stability. Thus, raw sheaths were retained to reinforceparticleboards, the temperature of panels manufacture being lower than the start degradationtemperature of the raw sheaths. The two-faces panel covered with raw sheaths top part forms themost promising candidate to develop thermal eco-insulator. Some of its mechanical and physicalproperties fulfill american and european standards. Its thermal properties are similar to the onesnoticed in the bibliography for low density lignocellulosic particleboards
Reig, Patrice. "Les phyllosiloxydes : de nouveaux matériaux d'interphase lamellaires tout-oxyde pour matériaux composites." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10521.
Повний текст джерелаSenghor, Fiacre Djonkone. "Identification des propriétés anisotropes des matériaux complexes : application aux matériaux composites stratifiés." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4002/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe works presented in this thesis focuses on the identification of anisotropic electrical properties of complex composite materials. They aim to contribute to a better control of the impact of manufacturing process parameters, different architectures, formulations and fibres filling rate, etc., on the electrical behaviour of these composite materials. They inscribe themselves in the frame of the FUI ACCEA research project funded in part by the region Pays de la Loire. This project aims to produce a multi-functional composite material of a new type of thermoplastic matrix loaded with carbon graphite which would see its electrical and thermal properties improved without degrading the mechanical properties. From then one of the main difficulties of the designer is to find innovative implementation tools, to improve the thermal and electrical properties of these composites non-intrusive and non-destructive to their mechanical properties with less cost. It is in this logic that this PhD work is interested in modelling and experimental measurement of the electrical conductivity tensor of this composites to provide an help to the decision on the choice of matrix, of the weave, the implemented method, etc. The comparison between the simulation and experimental results gives a good concordance
Coquelle, Eric. "Propriétés élastiques et viscoélastiques de matériaux composites adaptatifs." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009415.
Повний текст джерелаmécaniques contrôlées par un champ magnétique. Ils sont composés de particules magnétiques,
structurées en chaînes unidirectionnelles au sein d'une matrice élastomère silicone. Les essais sous
champ ont révélé un fort accroissement des propriétés mécaniques : jusqu'à 35kPa pour un module de
62kPa en traction statique, et en dynamique un gain sur E' de 600kPa à ε=1%, qui atteint même
21MPa à ε=10-5 ! Dans ce dernier cas, la structuration en chaînes va de pair avec une nette
augmentation de l'effet Payne et de la dissipation d'énergie, encore accentuée en présence d'un
champ, même modeste (15kA/m). L'hypothèse avancée est un décollement progressif de l'élastomère
des charges sous l'effet des fortes contraintes locales, entre deux particules (en quasi-contact). Pour
faciliter l'étude, un traitement de surface à base de molécules couplantes, fonctionnelles, a été mis au
point. La modélisation a d'abord été effectuée sur un système macroscopique (où tous les paramètres
sont contrôlés), et validée par des simulations par éléments finis (FEM). Une méthode de milieu
effectif prédit le comportement du composites aux charges greffées (avant décollement), tandis qu'une
approche semi-analytique, utilisant un critère de décollement de Griffith, calcule le comportement
viscoélastique du composite MR. La complexité de la microstructure et son évolution ont été évaluées,
sous champ, par des cycles quasi-statiques (aboutissant à des σ de -40kPa à ε=0) et des mesures de
magnétostriction. D'autres propriétés originales peuvent être obtenues : piézorésistivité, bandes
périodiques (guides magnétiques).
Wassereau, Thibault. "Caractérisation de matériaux composites par problème inverse vibratoire." Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA1041/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe increasing use of composite materials in the industry leadsto new challenges in various areas, including non-destructiveevaluation. Common methods such as modal analysis or finiteelements are rarely appropriated to represent the complexvibratory dynamic of composite structures or quantify theirviscoelastic properties, new approaches are then needed.This thesis deals with the development and application of a localinverse vibratory method, called the Force Analysis Technique(FAT), in order to the study multilayer composites. The latterare considered to be homogeneous using the Timoshenko beamtheory, which takes shear effects into account, usually significantfor such structures. A frequency and/or spatial characterizationof the equivalent elastic parameters (Young’s modulus E, shearmodulus G and their associated loss factors) isthen possible to accurately interpret the dynamical behaviourof composite materials and also simplify their implementationin finite element software.A second approach using a corrected finite difference scheme(CFAT method) allows a similar analysis using a coarse mesh,reducing the durations of measurement and post-processing.Finally, a perspective of detection and identification of defects isconsidered. By mean of cartographies of the elastic parameters,it seems possible to infer a signature related to a kind of flaw. Adiscontinuity of the shear modulus would attest the presence ofdelamination while a reduced Young’s modulus could indicate afibre breakage, etc
Lin, Yueguo. "Comportement thermoélectrique de matériaux composites pour applications aéronautiques." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ESMA0012/document.
Повний текст джерелаComposite materials – since their high specific properties – are used recently to reduce the weight of aircraftstructures and to improve the performance engine in order to reducing the emissions of CO2. Composites of Carbon FibberReinforced Polymer matrix (CFRPs) are increasingly used in civil aviation industry for the production of structural parts:fuselage panels.Integrating CFRPs in the aeronautical structures has also some difficulties: the fuselage – generally subject to pressure of airflux – would be subjected also to shocks/impacts, particularly will be damaging for exposed to the aggressive environment(temperature, humidity, liquid cooling, ...).The fuselage is the principal structure to support the charge of electric current, such as those related to the electric current returnto ground or lightning : although the secondary networks of electrical cables and wires fences are provided to support thesecharges, the action of leakage currents, probably passer through bolted and riveted joints and because of the high differences ofelectrical potential between the surface of panels thickness, can activate the thermoelectric coupling and lead to localizedheating of these structures. Phenomena related to this type of coupling may be particularly remarkable in CFRPs – since thepolymer matrices is electrically and thermally quasi-insulates, for composite the thermoelectric behaviour is highly anisotropic– and need further research and investigation. The integration of micro and nano fillers – especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs) –in the polymer resin or in interface of fibber/matrix can improve the overall behaviour, but it is a technological solution that stillrequires be explored in detail.The aim of this work is to characterize the anisotropic properties of thermoelectric behaviour of materials CFRPs – charged oruncharged in CNTs. This characterization includes:· measurement of electrical resistivity/conductivity and their evolution with temperature,· characterization of the temperature fields induced by the passage of electric current,· identification of parameters for modeling the behavior of these thermoelectric materials and interpretation oftests,· characterization of the effect of moisture aging on the values of resistivity/conductivity of the composite
Ringuette, Benoît. "Matériaux composites à base de fibres de chanvre." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28057/28057.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Mouden Mustapha. "Une nouvelle méthode d'homogénéisation des matériaux composites élastiques." Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/El_Mouden.Mustapha.SMZ9545.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWe propose to modelize the mechanical behavior of heterogeneous media. It is in that context we have developed a three variants of a new analytical approximate method called cluster, for predicting the effective moduli of heterogeneous media, to account for the interaction between the heterogeneiti at finite concentration. The spatial distribution of the heterogeneiti is accounted for in our scheme. In this cluster scheme we consider each grain is embbeded in a spherical cluster constitued by several layers of neighbouring grains. The cluster is itself suspended in the homogeneous reference medium. When the radius of the cluster is increased, the resultats of the cluster scheme were shown to converge. The variants of this method are denominated respectively cluster (by taking the homogeneous matrix as a reference medium and a auxiliary strain applied at infinite), cluster-Mori-Tanaka (by taking the homogeneous matrix as a reference medium and the average strain of the matrix applied at infinitie, this method is a generalization of the Mori-Tanaka modele) and cluster-selfconsistent (with the homogeneous equivalent medium as reference medium and the overalll strain applied at infinite, this is an extension of the classical self consistent scheme). The two first variants was applied to a composite medium consisting of ellipsoidal elastic inclusions embedded into anather elastic medium (matrix), even though the last method was applied to certain composites with log fibers. Compared with experimental data, analytical solutions and finite elements calculations, the present approach provides reasonably accurate predictions for effective moduli of composites materials with periodic microstructures
Morvan, Jean-Marie. "Comportement anélastique des matériaux composites à matrice céramique." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10668.
Повний текст джерелаKharrat, Souhaib. "Comportement en fatigue thermique des matériaux composites réfractaires." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10525.
Повний текст джерелаIsner-Brom, Pascale. "Nouveaux matériaux composites polymères piézoélectriques pour transducteurs électroacoustiques." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0023.
Повний текст джерелаThe first part of this study deals with realization, polarization and characterization of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene based ferroelectric copolymer elements with thirty percent trifluoroethylene. We also studied the moulding process, the temperature stabilization of these thick materials. In a second part, we present three further methods for characterizing these materials. The first one, “PWP”, or propagation wave pulse, the second method is based on the impedance and phase measure, and the third method consists in measuring the propagation velocity in various directions from different copolymer samples to obtain the intrinsic piezoelectric coefficients in the three directions. This last method is very important to modelize the “clamping effect” described in the last part of our work. The last part of the book describes the copolymer clamping effect with thick electrods. This configuration allows higher sensibility. Experimental data and calculations, with two different models, on this particular configuration are compared. In both cases, experimental results are in good agreement with calculations
Vives, Serge. "Synthèse et caractérisations de matériaux composites zircone/tungstène." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20012.
Повний текст джерелаPeyroux, Robert. "Caractéristiques thermoélastiques de matériaux composites à fibres courtes." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20090.
Повний текст джерелаCouturier, Laurent. "Comportement mécanique de matériaux composites à matrice aluminium." Compiègne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998COMP1103.
Повний текст джерелаAngoulvant, François. "Caractérisation dynamique des matériaux composites : étude de l'amortissement." Le Mans, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LEMA1011.
Повний текст джерелаPideri, Catherine. "Matériaux composites élastiques : comparaison de quelques méthodes d'homogénéisation." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066579.
Повний текст джерелаPoussines, Laurence. "Développement de nouveaux matériaux pour l'infusion de composites." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0132/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe work presented in this thesis was done to adapt a polymer to selected elaboration process by infusion of a composite material structure for an aircraft fuselage. The polymer system must meet certain requirements such as viscosity, infusion temperature, storage but also the price. Our methodology is to understand the process putting into practice in order to validate the resins choice, to characterize the initial state and the study their sustainability towards a hydrothermal ageing. Properties characterization showed different behaviours in initial state, in terms of glass transition, resilience and viscosity. The study of hydrothermal ageing reveals a drop properties closely related to the chemical evolution of polymer networks which has for major origin multiple links hydrolysis. At least an adherence test is carried out to assess the interface fiber/resin. This test was used to estimate the different surface treatments on the fiber
Smaili, Arezki. "Développement de matériaux composites pour la réfrigération magnétique." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1998. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6846/1/000642386.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаGauthier, Edouard. "Comportement mécano-fiabiliste de structures composites – approche matériaux." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0031/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe use of composite materials increases in the world of industry, particularly in sectors such as aeronautics, transport or energy production and this development leads to a strong production of composite structures, including large dimensions. The design of these composite structures requires a thorough knowledge of the mechanical behavior of the composite to ensure the integrity of the structure. However, the mechanical behavior of composite materials is heterogeneous in nature with a certain variability on the different mechanical parameters. This variability is caused by two main sources: the intrinsic variability of the material due to physical variations within the composite, and the variability due to defects in implementation. The thesis, which is presented, focuses on this second source of variability, namely the presence of implementation defects and its influence on the mechanical behavior of the composite. Two defects of implementation are studied in this thesis, porosity and wrinkle, following a probabilistic analysis. The first part of the study brings together all the state of the art on porosity and wrinkle defects, as well as on probabilistic analyzes in the field of composites. A second part of the study is devoted to the probabilistic characterization of porosity and wrinkle defects by analyzing the variability of each characteristic parameter of the defect and modeling it using a distribution law that are implemented in a calculation code to numerically model the experimentally observed porosity. A third part of the study focuses on the influence of porosity and wrinkle defects on quasi-static and fatigue mechanical behavior. This mechanical study compares the results of experimental tests on a healthy material, two materials with two different porosity states and two materials with a wrinkle of different dimensions, in order to be able to quantify the influence of the defect and to determine a model of degradation of mechanical properties according to the defect. The quasi-static mechanical study is supplemented by an analysis of the variance in order to separate the variability of the mechanical properties due to the defect and that due directly to the test itself. All the results of this study thus make it possible to identify the two types of defects with a set of characteristic parameters, as well as their influence on the mechanical behavior, while taking into account the variability observed on the defects and their mechanical influence, and to model numerically all these observations
Thomas, Benjamin. "Matériaux composites Argent/Carbone à propriétés thermiques adaptatives." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0140.
Повний текст джерелаDue to their high thermal conductivity, metal matrix composite materials reinforced with carbon allotropes exhibit a high potential application for thermal management in electronics. This work deals with the elaboration of new synthesis process to produce Ag/rGO (silver/reduced Graphene Oxide) and Ag/GF (silver/Graphite Flakes) composite materials. This process, based on “molecular level mixing” methods, makes it possible to obtain Ag/rGO composite powders with individualized nano-reinforcements up to a concentration of 1 % in volume. Applied to the synthesis of Ag/GF composite materials, it allows to synthesize dense composite materials with a graphite concentration up to 70 % in volume and with a thermal conductivity up to 675 Wm-1.K-1 (426 Wm-1.K-1 for pure silver). Moreover, it has been shown that Ag/GF powders elaboration process has a strong influence on the structural anisotropy of bulk materials as well as on the extrinsic thermal boundary resistance Ag-graphite. The process developed in this work allows Ag/GF composite materials to reach thermal conductivity up to 19 % higher than the same materials synthesized by conventional mixing powder process. However, like most metal/GF composite materials (with Cu, Al, Mg and Fe matrix), thermal expansion of Ag/GF composite materials shows “anomalies”. Indeed, the anisotropy of their coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is opposed to their structural anisotropy, their CTE has an abnormally high dependence on temperature and these materials exhibit dimensional instability during thermal cycling. While it is commonly admit in literature that these “anomalies” are the consequence of internal stresses generated during materials densification (because of CTE mismatch between matrix and reinforcement), this phenomenon remains poorly understood and difficult to control. A significant part of this work is devoted to the study of these anomalies and especially to the study of the influence of matrix mechanical properties on composite materials thermal expansion. Thanks to EBSD, XRD, instrumented microhardness and microscopy analysis, key phenomena responsible of thermomechanical behavior of Ag/GF composite materials have been identified. Especially, it has been shown that a large part of the internal stresses is relaxed by plastic deformation of silver matrix and pseudo-plastic deformation of graphite during the post-densification cooling step of the materials. Thus, the control of mechanical properties of metallic matrix (especially of its elastic limit) makes it possible to attenuate the anomalies in CTE and confers a better dimensional stability to Ag / GF composite materials during thermal cycling. Finally, the addition of rGO in silver matrix of Ag/GF composites materials has also reduced material dimensional instability by up to 50 % thanks to the damping properties of rGO
Agopian, Jean-Charles. "Développement, caractérisation et optimisation de matériaux composites hybrides." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UCFAC107.
Повний текст джерелаClimate change will require a more sober industry, in which “green” materials may play a key role. This also applies to composite materials, and every possibility to reduce their carbon footprint might be considered, while maintaining acceptable performance and durability levels.Partial replacement of carbon fibres by flax fibres is for instance a way to reduce the environmental impact of these composite materials. Surface energies of the fibres being quite different, the properties of the composite materials resulting of such a hybridisation might not be optimised. Moreover, flax fibres are hydrophilic, which rises two problems: they are poorly compatible with hydrophobic polymers, and can lead to a decrease of the durability of the composite, more susceptible to absorb water.In this study, a treatment by direct fluorination by molecular fluorine F2 has been implemented, aiming at level the surface energies of the fibres and increase their affinity with the matrix polymer. This work is mainly dedicated to the fluorination of carbon fibres, while another simultaneous doctoral project focused on flax fibre fluorination.First, a state of the art on the fluorination of carbon fibres has been realised, and published as a literature review, where the versatility of the carbon-fluorine bond and the experimental conditions leading influencing it were carefully described.It has then been shown by a wide variety of physicochemical analyses that room-temperature fluorination of carbon fibres was a way to fluorinate their sizing, and thus to tailor their surface energy. The same treatment was carried on a wide temperature scale, successively highlighting a sizing fluorination and hyperfluorination, and then a fluorination of the carbon fibre, leading to a huge increase of its hydrophobicity, and a decrease of its polar component.These fluorinated carbon and flax fibres were then integrated in an epoxy matrix by infusion process, with several stacking sequences. Mechanical tests do not show an improvement of the fibre-matrix compatibility thanks to fluorination, which might be explained by the high-quality interface allowed by sizing for the non-fluorinated fibres. Wet ageing tests are however promising, as composites made with fluorinated fibres absorb less water than composites made with non-fluorinated fibres
Baumberger, Stéphanie. "Obtention et caractérisation de matériaux composites amidon-lignines." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAP0009.
Повний текст джерелаChabert, Erwan. "Matériaux composites à matrices vitrimère et polymère supramoléculaire." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066285/document.
Повний текст джерелаWe describe the use of two polymer matrixes with unusual properties for long glass fibres reinforced composite materials and fully organic composites. Vitrimers, recently discovered in the Soft Matter and Chemistry laboratory constitute a new class of polymers as they can exhibit high mechanical strength and are insoluble even at high temperatures like thermosets and yet, like thermoplastics, they are heat processable, recyclable and weldable. The question arises whether this welding property is maintained in composite materials made of more than 50vol% of reinforcing fibres. We quantitatively and statistically analyze the bond strength of lapshear vitrimer composite joints autogenously welded by heat and compare the results to comparable joints of standard thermoset epoxy. It is demonstrated that only vitrimer samples show substantial bond strength and the ability to be repeatedly welded thanks to the exchange reactions that promote both bonding between the adherands and the decrease of surface roughness at the joint interface. This opens the way towards joining composite parts without adhesives or mechanical fasteners. We also explore a composite system made of woven glass fibres and of a matrix base on supramolecular semi-crystalline polyamides that have been developed in the SMC laboratory. Their very low melt viscosity is an asset to envision improved manufacturing and recycling methods. As a proof of concept, composite material pieces have been subjected to a high temperature water treatment. We show the complete recovery of both the neat woven glass fibers plies and the matrix. Finally, we show that actuators can be made from bilaminar vitrimers
Barret-Vivin, Virgile. "Revêtements hybrides pour la protection de matériaux composites." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066756.
Повний текст джерелаThe main purpose of this thesis was to provide an alternative to replace a fluorinated polymer film used in the aerospace industry (commercialized by Dupont de Nemours): the Tedlar®. To that end, several inorganic network based films have been studied. They have been synthesized by sol-gel chemistry. We furthermore investigated the behavior of a silica based matrix containing a perfluorinated organosilane. By adding in the mixture some nano and micro-particles, the spray-obtained films exhibit exceptional dewetting properties. In addition to their super hydrophobic behavior, those films are also lipophobic. To achieve all the specifications this project needs, a second matrix, involving an interpenetrated organic / inorganic framework, has been studied. These new films, which are UV-light initiated, showed very good properties: we characterized the mechanical ones by nano-indentation while the swelling of these coatings and their barrier properties have been examined by ellipsometry. The inorganic densification has been monitored by solid state 29Si NMR MAS and the organic polymerization by FTIR, 1H and 19F liquid RMN and 13C solid NMR. The creation of an hybrid network with fluorine at the surface and in the width of the films has permit to obtain coatings with all the requirements of our specification need
Chabert, Erwan. "Matériaux composites à matrices vitrimère et polymère supramoléculaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2015PA066285.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWe describe the use of two polymer matrixes with unusual properties for long glass fibres reinforced composite materials and fully organic composites. Vitrimers, recently discovered in the Soft Matter and Chemistry laboratory constitute a new class of polymers as they can exhibit high mechanical strength and are insoluble even at high temperatures like thermosets and yet, like thermoplastics, they are heat processable, recyclable and weldable. The question arises whether this welding property is maintained in composite materials made of more than 50vol% of reinforcing fibres. We quantitatively and statistically analyze the bond strength of lapshear vitrimer composite joints autogenously welded by heat and compare the results to comparable joints of standard thermoset epoxy. It is demonstrated that only vitrimer samples show substantial bond strength and the ability to be repeatedly welded thanks to the exchange reactions that promote both bonding between the adherands and the decrease of surface roughness at the joint interface. This opens the way towards joining composite parts without adhesives or mechanical fasteners. We also explore a composite system made of woven glass fibres and of a matrix base on supramolecular semi-crystalline polyamides that have been developed in the SMC laboratory. Their very low melt viscosity is an asset to envision improved manufacturing and recycling methods. As a proof of concept, composite material pieces have been subjected to a high temperature water treatment. We show the complete recovery of both the neat woven glass fibers plies and the matrix. Finally, we show that actuators can be made from bilaminar vitrimers
Giordano, Fabrice. "Sur des nanocomposites à base de matériaux naturels." CDhambéry, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CHAMS010.
Повний текст джерелаLn this study, we synthesize a DGEBA- TETA epoxy system incorporating three different kinds of natural resources in order to improve some properties of pristine polymer. It has been found that introducing epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), toughens epoxy resin against shock due to its role as a diluant and plasticiser. Homogeneous distribution of elastomer nodule sizes through the phase separation effect leads to an increase in resistance to deformation and crack initiation in the epoxy resin. The lack of residual miscibility between DGEBA and ESO at the phase separation point is an interesting phenomenon, since it makes ESO an attractive product in polymer blends. The second part of this work deals with the modification of two montmorillonite smectite clays, a commercial one called N757, and another one extracted from quarries in the Vietnamese province of Lâm Dông, in order to make them exploitable for nanocomposite applications. The Montmorillonite surface modification technique used is a novel treatment by intercalation of the curing agent TETA which is based on the electrostatic interaction between the original exchangeable montmorillonite cations and TETA. The efficiency of surface modification with TETA is confirmed by the formation of an intermediate exfoliated state in the final nanocomposite. The third part of the thesis focuses on bacterial cellulose, a natural material made of a nanometric fibrillar network. To reduce the hydrophilic nature of cellulose surfaces, a novel chemical grafting process, described as a "chromatogenic chemistry" method, is carried out to provide stronger interfacial adhesion with the polymer. The Essential Work of Fracture (EWF) method has been used to show the efficiency of this method in the case of aged samples
Forêt, Gilles. "Effets d'échelle dans la rupture des composites unidirectionnels." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1995. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529383.
Повний текст джерелаMahmoud, Bassam. "Modélisation d'impacts sur des stratifiés composites unidirectionnels et hybrides." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30212.
Повний текст джерелаToday, composite materials are largely used in the manufacturing of aeronautical structures, in order to lighten their weight. Impact on composite structures is one of the most detrimental loading. The present study aims to develop a predictive modelling of impacts on thin unidirectional laminates in order to, firstly, better understand the damage mechanisms involved, and, secondly, be able to provide guidance for a strength improvement of these structures. First, an explicit finite element modelling of unidirectional laminates is developed based on the work of F Pascal dealing with impact modeling on helicopter blades. Thus, a new element that can represent the impact response of unidirectional plies is formulated. The behavior of the bundle of fibers is modeled with rod elements stabilized with specific 2D elements. The degradation is managed using damage based on experimental observations. The parameters of the proposed modelling strategy are identified on the basis of experimental tests carried out on T700/M21 and HTA7/913 composites. The results provided by the modeling are then validated by a comparison with experimental low velocity impact results. Finally, in order to improve the laminate strength, low velocity and medium velocity impacts on hybrid unidirectional/woven composite laminates are studied experimentally and with the developed modelling strategy
Berrehili, Yahya. "Etude du comportement effectif des matériaux composites à constituants décollés." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA132006.
Повний текст джерелаChabot, Armelle. "Analyse des efforts à l'interface entre les couches des matériaux composites à l'aide de modèles multi particulaires de matériaux multicouches (M4)." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENPC9710.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of the thesis is to design a tool for engineers simple to use which is able to analyze 3D stresses responsible for edge delamination or transverse crackings in multilayed materials. In the first part of the dissertation, we built Multiparticle Models (M4) from 3D approximate stresses written as Legendre's z polynomials layerwise. Polynomial coefficients are (x, y) fields which are connected to generalized stresses. We use Hellinger-Reissner's formulation to deduce displacements and associate generalized strains. Writing the formulation stationary, we give equilibrium equations, boundary conditions and constitutive laws. According to the different approximate stress fields, we have 7n, 5n, 3n and (2n+1) (n: layer number) plane equilibrium equations. In the second part of the thesis, we test four models concerning the problem of the boundary traction conditions on any angles laminates and (0°, 90°)s laminate with circular opening. We write analytically the systems of equations which condense on y second order of differential system of equations and whose resolution is performed by MATHEMATICA. On (0°, 90°)s laminate without hole, we show that miss stresses energy of reduced models do not disappear but is transferred on these still remaining stresses. On the simplest Multiparticle Model M4_(2n+1)M case, to ensure a global equilibrium of laminate, we propose a concept, which can be applied generally, of Dirac lineic stress whose intensity is connected with the maximum of edge shear stress. We think that it can be used as the essential information in order to define a criterion of delamination
Bonnet, Bénédicte. "Comportement au choc de matériaux composites pour applications automobiles." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00152868.
Повний текст джерелаAfin d'identifier les phénomènes dissipatifs au sein de ces matériaux et de mieux comprendre leur évolution avec la vitesse de sollicitation, une étude expérimentale a été menée incluant des observations microscopiques et des essais mécaniques à différentes vitesses de déformation comprises entre 10-4 s-1 et 100 s-1. Les essais réalisés à vitesse quasi-statique (<10-1 s-1) sont des essais de traction, de compression, de charge-décharge et de traction-compression. L'étude en dynamique (≥10-1 s-1) consiste en la réalisation d'essais de traction. Une étude approfondie de cet essai complexe a par ailleurs été réalisée afin d'améliorer l'analyse des résultats.
Un modèle de comportement unifié, valable pour des sollicitations statiques et dynamiques, est ensuite proposé. Il prend en compte les phénomènes d'endommagement, de viscoélasticité et de viscoplasticité observés lors de l'étude expérimentale. Son écriture très générale permet de modéliser le comportement de nombreuses familles de matériaux composites. Il a été implémenté dans le code de calcul ZéBuLoN et identifié pour les deux matériaux étudiés.
Enfin, plusieurs essais de validation sont présentés, sur structures simples (flexion à différentes vitesses, choc multiaxial) mais aussi sur pièces industrielles (choc sur poutre d'absorption...).
Trabelsi, Walid. "Vieillissement de matériaux composites carbone/époxy pour applications aéronautiques." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002194.
Повний текст джерелаNowak, Nicolas. "Propriétés optiques de nouveaux matériaux composites pour la visualisation." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14004/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the development of new materials for improving the visibility of road markings in all weather conditions. The studies moved towards a theoretical study of optical properties responsible for retroreflexion, then towards the establishment of a pattern of these phenomenon with the Zemax software in order to determine ideal retroreflective systems for dry and wet weather. New glasses having the ideal optical and mechanical for these applications were synthesized. Surface treatments have been used to improve these properties, by the study of the interference phenomena induced by thin layers deposited on substrates
Nguyen, Thu Trang. "Modélisation par éléments finis de matériaux composites magnéto-électriques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00663218.
Повний текст джерелаNguyen, Phuong Chi. "Identification de paramètres dans la fabrication de matériaux composites." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00635365.
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