Дисертації: "Materials management"

1

Assiamah, Albert Kofi, Daniel Allotey, and Prince Kofi Hanson. "MATERIALS MANAGEMENT AND ITS EFFECTS ON COST OF SUPPLIES : MATERIALS MANAGEMENT." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-795.

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Date: 2008-06-05

Course: Master Thesis in Business Administration, 15 ECTS credits. EF0704

Authors: Albert Kofi Assiamah Daniel Allotey Prince Kofi Hanson

Supervisor: Sigvard Herber

Title: Materials Management and its Effect on Cost of Supplies

Background: In most organizations within the country (Ghana), materials management has

been relegated to the background without any proper control. This means

that companies are investing heavily in materials than is necessary.

Problem: How can materials management minimize the cost of supplies in

Cocoa Processing Company of Ghana?

Purpose: The aim of this research is to illustrate how the application of

materials management concept can minimize the cost of supplies in Cocoa

Processing Company of Ghana.

Methods: With regards to primary data, interviews (face-to-face, telephone) and questionnaire

were used. Secondary data has been sourced through literature from the university

library and internet sources, qualitative design method was chosen over others

because of the nature of the research work.

Conclusion: Financially, materials (inventories) are very important to manufacturing companies and on the balance sheet they usually represent from twenty to sixty percent of total

assets. Therefore, if the application of the concept of materials management is accepted with well qualified personnel, it could lead to the minimization of cost. The function of a materials manager is to promote coordination and integration within the supply chain and the major benefits are assumed to be; reduction in interdepartmental conflicts, reduction of inventory levels, increased knowledge of total corporate operations and reduction of materials handling costs among others.

2

Lindahl, Pia. "Approaching Strategic Sustainable Materials Management." Licentiate thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00556.

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Society’s sustainability challenges relatedto materials management have been an area of concern for policymakers, industry and the public for decades. However, if those challenges are managed in a strategic way, they are not only aproblem, but could also bring in new opportunity for companies and other organizations to improve their competitiveness through developingproduct-service systems that promote sustainable development of society. The overall aim of this thesis is to explore how aframework for strategic sustainable development (FSSD) can support the development and design of sustainable materials management strategies in product innovation. This is achieved by four studies investigating howsustainability considerations are, or could be, integrated in decisions regarding materials selection. The studies are informed by the FSSD, Maxwell’s model for qualitative research design and the design research methodology. The first study is a theoretical discussion which provides a base for the following three exploratory studies. The exploratory studies have, through literature reviews and semi-structured interviews, investigated general sustainabilityconsiderations in companies, made a comparison of the strategic potential of two product improvement strategies and finally studied what considerations that are in focus and what types of solutions that are revealed when companies apply a strategic sustainability perspective to materials management. The studies have shown that decisions regarding materials management often arebased on compliance with legislation and on avoiding substances with characteristics commonly considered problematic (such as toxicity, persistency, etc.), and that decision support regarding how materials could be managed in a sustainable way are lacking. However, the results also include some examples from companies that have successfully developed pro-active strategies towards sustainable materials management. They have approached this through managing materials in closedtechnical loops, enabled material substitution through value chain collaboration and reduced material flows through new and innovative design. Most importantly, they have assessedactions not only regarding their potential to reduce a selection of current socio-ecological impacts but also regarding their potential to link toforthcoming actions towards the full scope of socio-ecological sustainability. Through this approach, they have found several ways by which materials with characteristics that are commonly considered problematic can be. The results highlight the possibility of enabling sustainable materials management practices by using a strategic sustainability perspective in combination with material characteristics knowledge and that a static division of “sustainable” vs. “unsustainable” materials (e.g., through lists of forbidden and allowed materials) is not necessarily serving the purpose in the best way. More subtle considerations are needed. By not applying a strategic sustainability perspective to materials management, organizations risk using “sustainable” materials in unsustainable ways or phasing out “unsustainable” materials that, managed differently, could be helpful for sustainable development. Developing decision support for materials management that integrates this new way of thinking will be the focus of future work.

3

Khaki, Boukani Farzad, and Soundous Boufaim. "Collaborative materials management : A comparison of competitive and collaborative approaches to materials management in SCM." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Centre of Logistics and Supply Chain Management, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-11290.

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Supply Chain Management (SCM) presents the new paradigm in strategic and operational business management for the 21^st century. By offering a cooperative and integrated model of the value-creation process in a cross-organizational perspective, it also places new challenges on business management methods and instruments used, in theory as in practice. In the field of materials management, the new SCM perspective led to major changes in the methods used and in the emphasis of the different process steps. This master thesis presents classical as well as supply-chain-based materials management methods, compares them and draws conclusion on their use in theory and practice.

Materials Management (MM) was long neglected by business management and economic theory. The role of materials management as a secondary activity in the organization and its supportive role to production were encouraged in classical materials management. SCM reevaluated the value chain of whole industries and therefore reemphasized the strategic role of materials management for the supply chain. MM is divided into 5 steps or activity fields: supporting activities, sourcing, distribution, storage and disposal. SCM changed the methods used in each separate step. In supporting activities for example SCM requires multi-dimensional, long-term and dynamic instruments to guide decision-making in materials management, using cross-organizational cooperation to succeed, such as advanced purchasing. In sourcing the strategic role of sourcing was reemphasized by SCM and new tools such as the use of procurement marketing, SCR, green sourcing, TCO, ethical sourcing, PCB, strategic alliances and TPB were introduced, due to the new cooperative paradigm in SCM. In distribution and storage too, cooperative instruments are used to keep up competitiveness, such as VMI and integrated logistics. In disposal, however, SCM provides a totally new philosophy, reducing the focus on waste and enhancing material cycles, environmental programs and new recycling programs, such as reverse logistics. Overall in SCM, the main focus was relocated from scheduling and storage planning that was the main activity of materials management in the classical perspective to strategic sourcing and disposal as the two main processes of materials management.

Concluding, the comparison of classical and supply-chain-based materials management showed, that SCM emphasizes on the strategic role of materials management by offering an integrated and process-oriented perspective on the value-creation process. Furthermore supply-chain-based materials management bases on communication, mutual interdependence and decreasing short-term competition to stay competitive in the long run as an entity, represented by the supply-chain. The long-term, complex and dynamic perspective of SCM and the pursuing of multiple and conflicting goals in SCM are mirrored in the methods used in supply-chain-based Materials Management. Recapitulatory, SCM reemphasized the strategic role of materials management as a cooperative, process-oriented primary activity within the supply-chain that has major potential for the competitiveness of the supply chain in the long-run.

4

Kasim, Narimah B. "Improving materials management on construction projects." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8028.

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An essential factor adversely affecting the performance of construction projects is the improper handling of materials during site activities. Materials management is made problematic by materials shortages, delays in supply, price fluctuations, damage and wastage, and lack of storages pace. In addition, paper-based reports are mostly used to record and exchange information related to the materials component within a supply chain which is problematic, error-prone, and inefficient. Generally, modem technologies are not being adequately used to overcome human error and are not well integrated with project management systems to make the tracking and management of materials easier and faster. Thus, this research focuses on the development of a mechanism to improve materials management on construction projects through the integration of materials tracking and resource modelling systems. A multi-facetted research approach was adopted. Initially, a literature review on materials management process in the construction project was conducted. This was followed by case studies involving six construction projects in order to investigate current practice in materials management to establish key problem areas and elements of good practice. The case studies also explored the requirements for integrating materials management and resource modelling in project management systems. The case study findings underpinned by literature results were used to develop a real-time framework for integrating RFID-based materials tracking and resource modelling. The framework was encapsulated in a computer-based prototype system based on Microsoft Visual Basic. NET. The prototype system was developed by amalgamation of all the software and hardware chosen such as MS Access (database system), MS Project (resource modelling) and RFID (automated materials tracking) to provide the mechanisms for integrating materials management and resource modelling in the construction industry. Evaluation of the prototype system was carried out by a series of interviews with industry practitioners to assess its appropriateness and functionality. It also established the skills and other requirements for the effective use of the real-time materials tracking system. The evaluation established that the prototype system demonstrated many benefits and is suitable for use in materials tracking and inventory management processes. It is concluded that the prototype system developed can improve materials management on construction projects, particularly with regard to materials tracking and integrating materials utilisation with the resource modelling subsystem in project management applications. Adoption of the approaches suggested in the thesis will enable the construction industry to improve the real-time management of materials on sites, and hence improve project performance.

5

Omonmhenle, Selina Ilunakan. "Clay derived materials for environmental management." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5332/.

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Hydrotalcite-like compounds with Mg\(^2\)\(^+\)/Al\(^3\)\(^+\) and Zn\(^2\)\(^+\)/Al\(^3\)\(^+\) cations in the layer at different mole ratios with different anions in the galleries were synthesised in this study. The materials have been characterised by a range of techniques. The influence of layer cations, and interlayer anions, which in turn influences the crystallinity, can affect the properties of the hydrotalcites. Dodecylsulfate (DS) and dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBS) anions were intercalated successfully into the galleries and characterisation studies by the same technique that were used for the parent hydrotalcites show that the hydrotalcites structure was maintained and the interlayer space expanded, suggesting that intercalation of other organic compounds may be possible. The intercalated dodecylsulfate and dodecylbenzenesulfonate anions arranged themselves in monolayer and bilayer configuration in the interlayer. These modified hydrotalcites have well-ordered layered structures, divalent/trivalent mole ratios that are close to those of the host precursors, and hydrophobic properties. SEM images show that the modification led to many of the particles being broken down into smaller pieces due to thermal pre-treatment and regeneration with organic anions, but overall morphology was maintained as the host. They show thermal transitions that are comparable to the host, exhibiting three decomposition steps but with increase in the temperature at which weight losses are completed. They show capacity to uptake phenol and 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) from aqueous solution with the compounds containing DBS anions showing higher sorption capacities for 2-CP than the corresponding DS-containing compounds. A pseudo second order reaction best described the sorption process.

6

Alkaabi, Juma A. "Improved materials management using automatic identification techniques." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1994. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11155.

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The success of any project depends upon accurate and timely information, and most construction related companies utilize computer systems for this purpose. However, these systems fail to provide a link to the physical movements of materials. Effective materials management is vital because of the contribution of materials' elements to the total cost of a construction project. Despite this the construction industry has a poor record in materials management. The reasons for this include delays in the delivery of materials to site and poor identification of materials on site. The severity of these problems and their impact on the construction industry highlighted the need for research in this area. At the initial stage, the research studied the clljTent systems of materials management in the manufacturing and construction industries. It was concluded that Automatic Identification offered advantages over other systems for controlling the physical movements of materials and related information. The traditional flow of materials and related information in the construction industry was examined and schematic diagrams were developed. The typical process of materials management through the life cycle of a typical project was determined. Automatic Identification technologies were reviewed with particular emphasis on bar coding techniques. These are widely used in other industries and provide significant benefits. Furthermore, they have greater flexibility over other Automatic Identification techniques. The potential applications of bar coding techniques in construction were identified as a result of a pilot study conducted with a local company. In order to determine the current status of bar coding techniques in the construction industry a questionnaire survey was undertaken. This survey revealed a high degree of interest from the respondents in implementing these techniques for applications such as material identification, stock control and delivery ticket automation. The research developed a generic barcoded delivery ticket, a goods received note and a standard bar code label for product identification. To investigate the feasibility of using bar coding techniques in construction, a case study was conducted with a local company to monitor and control pre-cast concrete beams from production through to delivery to the customer site. The study findings showed considerable benefits could be gained from the implementation of these techniques. To realize the full benefits of bar coding techniques, electronic data interchange, (EDI), was also considered. The proposed integration of these techniques produced in an improved methodology for materials management. This methodology was validated by a series of interviews, and evaluated during trials with the collaboration of a local company. The main outcomes of the research are: • A concepmal framework for an improved methodology for managing construction materials using automatic identification and in particularly bar coding techniques. • An understanding of the problems and benefits of the design, implementation, and verification of an Automatic Identification system. • An examination of how Automatic Identification and Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) could be linked to improve the flow of materials information. • A generic bar code standard format for Delivery Ticket and Goods Received Notes. • A generic bar code standard label for product identification throughout the supply chain. • The identification of potential applications of bar coding techniques in construction.

7

Lin, Chih-Liang. "An empirical investigation of the enterprise resource planning software environment with focus on Taiwan." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000linc.pdf.

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8

Zhang, Wenjie. "Materials management of Chinese SMEs in processing industry." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-16475.

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9

Hong, Yan. "Encapsulated nanostructured phase change materials for thermal management." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4929.

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A major challenge of developing faster and smaller microelectronic devices is that high flux of heat needs to be removed efficiently to prevent overheating of devices. The conventional way of heat removal using liquid reaches a limit due to low thermal conductivity and limited heat capacity of fluids. Adding solid nanoparticles into fluids has been proposed as a way to enhance thermal conductivity of fluids, but recent results show inconclusive anomalous enhancements in thermal conductivity. A possible way to improve heat transfer is to increase the heat capacity of liquid by adding phase change nanoparticles with large latent heat of fusion into the liquid. Such nanoparticles absorb heat during solid to liquid phase change. However, the colloidal suspension of bare phase change nanoparticles has limited use due to aggregation of molten nanoparticles, irreversible sticking on fluid channels, and dielectric property loss. This dissertation describes a new method to enhance the heat transfer property of a liquid by adding encapsulated phase change nanoparticles (nano-PCMs), which will absorb thermal energy during solid-liquid phase change and release heat during freeze. Specifically, silica encapsulated indium nanoparticles, and polymer encapsulated paraffin (wax) nanoparticles have been prepared using colloidal method, and dispersed into poly-alpha]-olefin (PAO) and water for high temperature and low temperature applications, respectively. The shell, with a higher melting point than the core, can prevent leakage or agglomeration of molten cores, and preserve the dielectric properties of the base fluids. Compared to single phase fluids, heat transfer of nanoparticle-containing fluids have been significantly enhanced due to enhanced heat capacities. The structural integrity of encapsulation allows repeated uses of nanoparticles for many cycles.; By forming porous semi crystalline silica shells obtained from water glass, supercooling has been greatly reduced due to low energy barrier of heterogeneous nucleation. Encapsulated phase change nanoparticles have also been added into exothermic reaction systems such as catalytic and polymerization reactions to effectively quench local hot spots, prevent thermal runaway, and change product distribution. Specifically, silica-encapsulated indium nanoparticles, and silica encapsulated paraffin (wax) nanoparticles have been used to absorb heat released in catalytic reaction, and to mitigate the gel effect during polymerization, respectively. The reaction rates do not raise significantly owing to thermal buffering using phase change nanoparticles at initial stage of thermal runaway. The effect of thermal buffering depends on latent heats of fusion of nanoparticles, and heat releasing kinetics of catalytic reactions and polymerizations. Micro/nanoparticles of phase change materials will open a new dimension for thermal management of exothermic reactions.
ID: 029809237; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 164-191).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Mechanical Materials and Aerospace Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science

10

Hagan, Mark. "Process for evaluating options for materials management outsourcing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34765.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 78-79).
This thesis investigates the issues involved with the outsourcing of the materials management function within aerospace assembly, proposing a process for determining whether all or part of the responsibility should be given to suppliers. A flowchart tailored to the aerospace assembly process has been developed to address strategic as well as cost concerns. This flowchart looks not only at the outsourcing of the entire materials management function, but also at the possibility of outsourcing the management of individual carts of parts to suppliers. In this case, referred to as supplier kitting, existing suppliers package parts in a kit that stops short of a full outsourced assembly, but has many of the same attributes. At this point, a cost model is proposed for assessing the internal costs of receiving and packaging a single set of parts for use at the assembly line. The cost of receiving, storing, and building up a set of parts is difficult to estimate from the data used within internal accounting systems. The cost estimated by the model can be used as the basis of comparison for outside bids to package parts. In addition, the broader trend towards outsourcing in the industry is explored, along with the recent implementation of best practices in supply chain management that impact the requirements of the materials management function. Finally, the organizational barriers to making improvements in the organization's supply chain are explored, along with specific examples that are related to materials management.
by Mark Hagan.
S.M.
M.B.A.

11

Meraghni, Leila. "An integrated information model for construction materials management." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1997. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5596/.

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12

Hong, Longjie. "Optimization and management of materials in earthwork construction." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.

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13

Dai, Dan, and Xiuying Tang. "Transitioning towards sustainable management of building materials in China." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2666.

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The purpose of this research is to examine how The Natural Step Framework, combined with Life Cycle Assessment and Ecological Footprint could help to manage the sustainability challenges of construction materials in China and to consider how these tools and concepts might inform each other in combination. Based on a literature review regarding the current reality of building materials in China and industry experience with use of existing sustainability concepts and tools, we build a conceptual model to integrate the three above concepts and attempt to analyse how they could work better together in the management of a sustainable transition. We then analyse the likely strengths and limitations of such an integrated model and finally use this to inform a vision of a sustainable future for building materials, discussing how the model may help China move towards sustainability.

14

Kurklu, Ahmet. "Energy management in greenhouses using phase change materials (PCMs)." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239466.

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15

Zhao, Rui. "Environmental risk management system design for hazardous waste materials." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6227.

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Hazardous materials can be generally deemed as any material which, because of its quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical, or infectious characteristics, may cause, or pose a substantial or potential hazard to human health or the environment. In the context of "sustainable development", most 'materials' could be deemed to be 'hazardous' at some stage of their lifecycle, i.e. from extraction to final disposal. This PhD study develops a decision support system for engineers and policy makers to help limit environmental burden, by reducing the environmental risk and the associated carbon footprint, from the perspective of 'hazardous' materials in product design, through the application of 'game theory' and 'grey theory' etc, as well as various computational approaches, by helping the designer identify novel solutions or mitigation strategies. The thesis starts by introducing the problem situation of the study and identify the research objectives, as well as previous studies have been reviewed in order to set this study in context. Since it is evident that consumers drive the open market, and their preference may be influenced by the carbon footprint label of products, the decision support system proposes an improved carbon labelling scheme to demonstrate the significance of a product‘s carbon footprint in a more visual way. The prototype of the scheme is derived from the concept of 'tolerability of risk', providing a framework by which judgments can be made as to whether society will accept the risk from hazardous materials. Application of game theory for decision support is a novel approach in this study, which aids decision-making by selecting appropriate strategies for both organisations and policy makers to reduce environmental impact. In this context, a game between manufacturers and government in the field of clean production is generated with various game scenarios to reflect the variation trend of strategic actions, and then developed to discuss the reduction of the inherent risk posed by 'hazardous' materials and carbon emissions on the supply chain network. The 'hierarchy of waste' suggests that the most preferable state for sustainability is prevention or the elimination of waste. Although this is not wholly practicable in real terms, the framework gives the importance to waste minimisation and prevention, especially promotes the cleaner production. In addition to strategy selection for mitigating environmental impact, the decision support system also develops an evaluation methodology for application by engineers to aid decision-making on materials selection, thus to improve the materials performances, promote cleaner production and provide better and sustainable products for public consumption.

16

Vartanyan, Anna. "Actual questions of the management of polymeric materials’ wastes." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13618.

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17

Gilbert, Martin John. "Aspects of waste materials management in the nuclear industry." Thesis, University of Bath, 2005. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414789.

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18

Qua, Frances Jillian S. (Frances Jillian SyCip). "(Im)Material : a qualitative study on sustainable materials for design through a comparative review of leather and its modern alternatives." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122335.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2019
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
This study explores the broader questions and implications involved in selecting sustainable materials for designing everyday products for consumers, through a qualitative review of leather and new modern alternatives. Leather is a resilient material that has been used for thousands of years. However, the processes involved in producing the material on a mass scale create adverse environmental and social impact when not carefully managed and considered. Although the modern leather alternatives may have comparatively smaller environmental footprints, designing a sustainable product may not be as simple as replacing one material for another and involves complex value judgements amongst industry players and consumers. This, therefore, brings up questions about what is material or immaterial when it comes to sustainable design decisions, and emphasizes the need for systemic thinking across the value chain in order to have a truly meaningful attempt towards designing for environmental, social and economic sustainability.
by Frances Jillian S. Qua.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
S.M.inEngineeringandManagement Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program

19

Spicer, John S. "Just-in-Time techniques as applied to hazardous materials management." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA326514.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1996.
Thesis advisor(s): David V. Lamm, William Gates. "December 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-89). Also available online.

20

Tse, Ka Chun. "Carbon nanotube based advanced thin interface materials for thermal management /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CHEM%202007%20TSE.

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21

Hon, Kwok-hung Martin, and 韓國雄. "Materials and waste management in the Hong Kong catering industry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43894938.

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22

Peswani, Mohnish. "Shape Memory Polymer Composites For Actively-Switched Thermal Management Materials." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1547036586945901.

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23

Hon, Kwok-hung Martin. "Materials and waste management in the Hong Kong catering industry." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25439121.

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24

Martins, Emiliano. "Light management in optoelectronic devices." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6133.

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This thesis presents studies on light management in optoelectronic devices. The broad aim of the thesis is to improve the efficiency of optoelectronic devices by optimised light usage. The studies emphasise the design and fabrication of nanostructures for optimised photon control. A key hypothesis guiding the research is that better designs can be achieved by ab initio identification of their desired Fourier properties. The specific devices studied are organic Distributed Feedback (DFB) lasers, organic solar cells and silicon solar cells. The impact of a substructured grating design capable of affording unprecedented control over the balance between feedback and output coupling in DFB organic lasers was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. It was found experimentally that such gratings can halve the threshold of organic DFB lasers. The reduction in the laser threshold is associated with reduced output coupling and higher feedback provided by the substructured gratings. The possibility of improving the efficiency of organic solar cells by trapping light into the absorbing medium was investigated. It was found that the low refractive index of the organic gain medium compromises the light trapping performance. It was found that strong absorption enhancement, however, can be achieved using plasmonic nanostructures. Finally, a novel design concept for light trapping in silicon solar cells is proposed. This design takes advantage of grating structures with long periods that are capable of providing broad-band light trapping, which is an important requirement for silicon solar cells. The design is based on a supercell that enables better light injection through manipulation of the grating's Fourier properties. The design idea leads to the formation of quasi-random nanostructures that afford great versatility for photon control. Strong light trapping was achieved and characterised both theoretically and experimentally.

25

Musso, Christopher Scott 1974. "Beating the system : accelerating commercialization of new materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34813.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology, Management, and Policy Program, February 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 233-249).
Over the past century, materials have faced notoriously long delays between invention and commercialization. These delays make private investment very difficult, and can prevent good materials from reaching markets. A systematic exploration of the commercial histories of major commodity thermoplastics was performed, which showed that these delays were attributable to technical deficiencies in materials and obstacles in the application value chains. Contrary to popular wisdom, material costs, competitive materials, and serendipity were much smaller factors in commercialization delay. The factors that led to insertion of plastics into applications were different from the factors that led to post-insertion growth. The major plastics showed a characteristic pattern of commercialization. First, they entered simple, small applications in which they solved new problems. They then progressed to achieve insertion in a single major application, which they continue to dominate today. Having established themselves with this application, they found insertion in a wide range of large applications. The commercialization pattern can be explained in large part by the concept of switching costs. As knowledge of a material increases, switching costs are reduced; as value chain complexity increases, switching costs increase. The earliest applications required little understanding of plastics and had simple value chains, so switching costs were low, corresponding to fast commercialization. Later applications had more complex value chains and required much more detailed understanding of the failure modes and processing parameters of the material, corresponding to high switching costs and slow commercialization. Materials can be deployed into
(cont.) many markets. By strategically selecting application markets, materials producers can significantly improve the probability that new materials will be adopted and can shorten the period of commercialization. Early markets should be selected based on the ability of the material to solve unique problems and the simplicity of the application value chain. When market selection is not an option, materials producers can integrate forward in the value chain to shorten commercialization times, but capital requirements are very high. Once integrated into an application, the safest competitive position for materials is to be the lowest cost option that meets the exact needs of the application.
by Christopher Scott Musso.
Ph.D.

26

Lee, Yong Joo. "Integrated forward-reverse logistics system design an empirical investigation /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2009/y_lee_042009.pdf.

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27

Marcinkiewicz, Thomas J. "Hazardous materials management in the city of Victoria, a team approach." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0006/MQ41809.pdf.

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28

Zhou, Dan. "Phase change materials in wallboards for heat management in building applications." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57490/.

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The applications of thermal energy storage with phase change materials (PCMs) in buildings are studied in this thesis, especially focusing on the PCM wallboard. Some current applications of thermal energy storage with PCMs in buildings are reviewed. The optimal melting temperatures and diurnal heat storage of interior PCM wallboard and exterior PCM wallboard are theoretically studied. The optimal melting temperature of an interior PCM wallboard is related to the average room air temperature and the total radiation absorbed by PCM wallboard. The optimal melting temperature of an exterior PCM wallboard is related to the average room air temperature, the average outside temperature and the radiations absorbed from the inside and outside environment. The thermal performance of interior and exterior PCM wallboard is numerically studied by using COMSOL. Some design factors, such as melting temperature, melting range, latent heat, thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer coefficients of inner surface and outer surface are qualitatively discussed. The simulation results are agreed well with the theoretical work. The PCM wallboard can have a better performance if the thermal conductivity can be enhanced to around 0.4 W/mK. When designing a PCM wallboard, the convective heat transfer coefficients should be calculated carefully. To briefly evaluate the energy consumption and energy saving of PCM wallboard, a double-room building with normal constructions and PCM wallboards is modelled using EnergyPlus@. As most PCMs suffer a common problem of low thermal conductivity, heat transfer characteristics of PCMs embedded with porous materials are studied. Paraffin wax RT 27 and calcium chloride hexahydrate are employed as the heat storage media. The results indicate that the addition of porous materials can enhance the heat transfer rate of PCMs, especially for metal foams which can double the overall heat transfer rate during the melting processes. The effect of mass ratio of expanded graphite on heat transfer is also examined.

29

Timm, Sarah Louise. "The Generation and Management of Museum-Centered Geologic Materials and Information." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31572.

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This thesis integrates three disciplines: geosciences, computer science, and museum collections management. Although these are not commonly integrated, by developing their intersection this thesis uniquely contributes a much-needed system for effectively managing geological collections. The lack of effective organization and management of collections can result in a serious problem: not only is history lost, but so is the potential for collection of further data from documented samples using newer analytical techniques. Using the Department of Geosciences at Virginia Tech as a beta testing ground, the electronic geological management system, EGEMS, was developed (Chapter 2). A database such as EGEMS should provide ready access to useful information including, a materialâ s provenance or current location, as well as any published analytical data. Past experiences volunteering in museums have allowed the author to design a system that is easily queried for such information. The organizational scheme and data model integral to the functionality of EGEMS was driven by direct experiences with geological research, in particular the electron microprobe analyses of Mn-rich minerals from the Hutter Mine, Virginia (Chapter 1). The final component of this thesis (Chapter 3) describes a facet of museum science that is most importantâ communication. This project records the development of a museum exhibit. Titled â The Search for the Mysterious Mineral,â this approach relies on pedagogical tools to engage the audience, and to illustrate how the scientific method used by a geologist is the same technique used in any problem solving. The exploration involved in these projects has lead to an enhanced understanding and appreciation for connections among generating, managing, and communicating geological information.
Master of Science

30

Matthews, Rachael. "THE CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS FOR THE MANAGEMENT AND INTERCONVERSION OF ENERGY." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1534549229335968.

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31

Corris, Alexander Grosholz. "Secure Mobile Deployment of NFL Training Materials." Thesis, Nova Southeastern University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3642884.

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The problem addressed is the lack of empirical research describing the delivery of individualized learning material in a secure and mobile manner. The goal was to investigate the effectiveness of deploying training materials to National Football League (NFL) players during a recent NFL season.

Over the past few seasons, NFL teams have started to deliver player training material to mobile devices. The training material is sensitive and includes planning documents for upcoming games. An effort was made to survey a representative at each of the 32 NFL teams in order to gain insight on effectiveness, security, and process. Nearly half of the league responded with 14 of the 32 franchises reporting back.

The results demonstrate that mobile devices can be an effective means to distribute educational materials to individuals in secure manner. The iPad was identified as a suitable platform for delivery of instructional material. Security elements such as encryption and using mobile security products should be strongly considered. The results are discussed in detail. A set of standards and guidelines were created based on the responses provided by club employees.

32

Song, Haiqing. "Dynamic flow management problems in logistics networks /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?IEEM%202005%20SONG.

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33

Amin, Mahmoud Samy Mohamed Fahmy. "Boron Nitride Nanotubes (Bnnts) For Thermal Management And Structural Reinforcement." W&M ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1593091980.

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Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are a fascinating material that has a lot of potential applications due to its outstanding physical and chemical properties. BNNTs synthesized using different high- and low-temperature methods, unfortunately, contain 30-70% impurities. To maximize the potential of BNNTs, new characterization techniques and purification methods are needed, especially with respect to industrial applications. Research groups have used different characterization techniques to monitor the synthesis and purity of BNNTs. Quantitative and qualitative characterization of the tubes for quality or purity control has not been previously described in the literature. In this work, we created a comprehensive set of thermogravimetric and spectroscopic analysis techniques to detect and quantify the different types of BNNT impunities. Based on our thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy results, we demonstrated that it is possible to monitor the presence of boron, boron oxide, and boron nitride impurities quantitatively in BNNTs and to verify their removal after purification. Although there are several reported purification methods in the literature, none of them succeeded in purifying BNNTs from boron nitride (BN) impurities without damaging the tubes and resulting in a low yield. Here we introduce a non-aggressive, non-destructive, high-yield purification method using heptane at the moderate temperature T=90 °C. Our method effectively removes ≥99.8% of the hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and a significant amount of other BN impurities. This is a substantial advancement over all previously reported methods that rely on more aggressive treatments. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, as well as X-ray diffraction, Raman, and FTIR spectra, were used to support our purification results. The latter three spectroscopic techniques characterize a macroscopic region of the sample and are thus more representative than imaging selected areas using electron microscopy. Finally, we studied the effect of the BNNT loading and composite morphology - networked versus dispersed BNNTs - on the composite's thermal and structural properties. BNNT composites at different loadings showed that the thermal conductivity sharply increases with the increase in the BNNT loading. Loading polystyrene with 18% BNNTs increased the thermal conductivity by a factor of three. The thermal conductivity in the radial direction was higher than the axial direction for all composites. The difference in thermal conductivity between the radial and the axial direction is believed to be due to the hot-pressing step introducing radial tube orientation and alignment. Regarding the tensile properties of the BNNT composites, the Young's modulus was increased 50-105% at 5%-7.5% loadings compared to the neat polystyrene, and tensile strength increased by around 40%. Higher loadings led to more brittle composites. Impregnation of the BNNT network with polystyrene led to better mechanical properties than BNNT dispersion. The FESEM images showed favorable wetting of the tubes by polystyrene and a good matrix/tubes load transfer.

34

Hofmeyr, Andrew Mark. "Factors contributing to successful supplier client collaboration in South African companies." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23638.

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The objective of this report was gain a better understanding of the factors that support and enable a collaborative effort in South African companies. The benefits from collaborate are significant and the findings could enable companies to attain these benefits. The predominant area of focus was four research questions dealing with both relationships and selection factors, these focussed on complexity, trust, culture and the impact of selection criteria. The research collected, via survey, data from 34 respondents. This data was then statistically analysed both descriptively and through the use of multivariate analysis. The outcome provided insight into both the factors and the relationship between these factors that has bearing on the research questions From the data a model was constructed of the findings with a potential process that could be followed by companies entering into a collaborative effort. The model is contained in Figure 6 Collaborative framework. The report concludes with both highlighted implications, recommendations and focus areas as well as recommendations for further research.
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted

35

García, Cela Esther. "Challenges in management of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in contaminated raw materials." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285374.

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Las micotoxinas son contaminantes químicos de origen biológico que suponen el mayor riesgo en la cadena alimentaria, debido a su amplia presencia y a los múltiples efectos perjudiciales que producen en los seres humanos y en los animales. En esta Tesis se ha puesto de manifiesto la elevada incertidumbre asociada al muestreo para la determinación del contenido de micotoxinas en pistachos, dentro del sistema de gestión de seguridad alimentaria. También se ha evaluado como posible reto emergente en la gestión, los posibles efectos derivados de un hipotético cambio climático caracterizado por incremento de la temperatura, radiación ultravioleta y sequedad en la micobiota ocratoxigénica presente en uvas y cereales. Las principales conclusiones obtenidas son: i) posible adaptación de las especies micotoxigénicas; ii) predominancia de aspergilos negros en las condiciones más extremas; iii) ineficacia de los antifúngicos en el control de ocratoxina A y posible necesidad de transición de unas materias activas a otras en función de las condiciones climáticas.
Mycotoxins are biologically derived chemical contaminants that pose the greatest risk in the food chain due to their widespread occurrence and the many detrimental effects that occur in humans and in animals. This thesis has highlighted the high uncertainty associated with the sampling for the determination of mycotoxins in pistachios, within the system of food safety management. The possible effects of a hypothetical climate characterized by increased temperature, drought and UV radiation on ocrhatoxigenic mycobiota of grapes and cereals has also been evaluated as a possible emerging management challenge. The main conclusions are: i) possible adaptation of mycotoxigenic species; ii) predominance of black aspergili under extreme conditions; iii) loss of antifungal effective in controlling ochratoxin A and possible need to transition from an active ingredient to another depending on the weather materials.

36

Broadwell, Gary A. "Time and materials contracts : a management guide for pre & post award." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA283226.

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37

Van, Dijk Christoffel. "Raw materials inventory management for a Coke plant / by Christoffel van Dijk." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2453.

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38

Khor, Si Ming Thomas. "The study of inventory management of raw materials for a pharmaceutical company." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42320.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 91).
TCG is a multinational pharmaceutical company. As part of its drive to adopt lean manufacturing methodology in the plant and to stay competitive in the industry, TCG plans to effectively maximize its capital assets and reduce the warehouse space from 3500 to 1500 pallet spaces. This thesis focuses on the raw materials procurement and ordering methods in TCG. We study the accuracy of the demand forecasts for the finished products. And we investigate methods to improve procurement and inventory control. We use a 2-factor classification method to rank the 38 types of raw materials in the warehouse in terms of their importance based on their past procurement costs and the amount of warehouse space they occupied. We propose a just-in-time approach for the 9 most important items by having timely orders that match closely to the production schedule. A continuous review model is used for the next 11 items of less importance and a periodic review model is used for the remaining 18 items, which are of the least importance. We discuss and justify the assumptions used in our analysis. We provide a few further recommendations on how to improve inventory control based on observations of the current practices. The overall result shows that it might be possible to reduce the amount of space occupied by raw materials from the current average of 1076 pallets by 72%.
by Si Ming Thomas Khor.
M.Eng.

39

Kaluskar, Pranav. "Inventory management of packaging materials in a pharmaceutical warehouse a case study /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.

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Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Thomas J. Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references.

40

Baranyai, Roland. "Novel materials and methods for thermal management of GaN-based electronic devices." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.742981.

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41

Hansen, Maia A. (Maia Allis) 1968. "Building green : investment opportunities in sustainable construction materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46198.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; and, Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-114).
by Maia A. Hansen.
M.B.A.
S.M.

42

Blom, Jonas. "Optimizing spare-parts management." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Industriell ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-28822.

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Abstract Purpose: The purpose of the study is to develop a model that will facilitate the choice of maintenance strategy within the Swedish pulp and paper industry. Without compromising system availability, the model aims to reduce inventory holding costs. Methodology: At first, a literary research was conducted to create a holistic view over the chosen topic, in time it developed into a literature framework. Secondly, a case study was conducted in order to obtain empirical data. The data were obtained through interviews and archival records. The literature framework and the empirical data were then cross-analyzed with each other. Findings: In this thesis, a model has been developed based on previously applied and accepted methods. The methods have been identified and described in order to provide a strategy in which the inventory levels- and value could be lowered. The findings indicate that the organization must seek to assign ABC-classified and VED-analyzed components different maintenance actions in order to reduce the total cost. Theoretical contribution: This thesis contributes to a methodology development regarding spare parts management. It aims to add knowledge to the existing gap regarding spare parts order point and batch size. The thesis provides a procedure in which systems including critical and expensive components are evaluated in order to assign them the appropriate maintenance. Practical relevance: The model has only been exemplified by using a system position from Stora Enso Skutskär, the numerical values are examples. The model must be tested with real values and the risk analysis must be carried out with a group of employees with great insight regarding the selected component and system position. Limitations: This thesis is delimited to spare parts management and inventory management. The study only involves one Swedish organization, whereas the organization and its spare parts management illustrates the complexity concerning spares. The model will not be verified as the focus is to highlight the research gap and to develop the model.

43

Todd, Kevin Michael. "Factors Affecting Raw Material Inventory Management in the Northeastern United States Pulp and Paper Industry." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/ToddKM2004.pdf.

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44

Meyer, zu Erpen Walter. "Study of the archival record and its context : meaning and historical understanding." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24390.

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The claim of archivists to be a scholarly profession is dependent upon their ability to methodically study and understand the meaning of the records in their care. Without such contextual information about the record as the name of its creating agency, the reason for its creation, and the authority by which it was created, archivists and researchers are in a poor position to assess the value and validity of its informational content. Without knowledge of the relationship of the record to other record series, they are likely to overlook additional supporting and/or contradictory documentation and thereby miss a part of the truth they seek. This thesis is directly concerned with the means by which archival sources might be assessed to determine the value of the historical evidence they contain. It proposes a conceptual framework by which study of the original, primary, and secondary meanings of the archival record might be approached. Examples are drawn from close examination of the records of the Corporation of the City of Nanaimo surviving from the period 1875-1904. While acknowledging that extensive study of the significance of documentation might be impossible for archivists in their daily work, this thesis concludes that closer attention must be paid to sources documenting the contextual environment of the record. Such sources are essential to the furtherance of understanding which is the information profession's ultimate goal.
Arts, Faculty of
Library, Archival and Information Studies (SLAIS), School of
Graduate

45

Magotsi, Moses Robert. "A systemic rationale for integrated logistics/materials management : a case study of Romago engineering." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5515.

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Bibliography: leaves 109-113.
This thesis argues that this slow adoption has partially been due to an under conceptualisation of the theoretical rationale for such an adoption. Using a case study Romago Engineering, a company that was experiencing material supply problems, the thesis develops a theoretica foundation for such management through a conceptualisation of the firm as a system, whose behaviour and characteristics are a result of the interactions of its various sub-systems.

46

Ogden, Sean Paul. "Object-oriented software representation of polymer materials information in engineering design." Thesis, Open University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284371.

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47

Janicka, Jana, and Stephanie Strydom. "Benefits of Centralized Materials Management: A Case Study in the Direct Selling Industry." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124272.

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48

Bellotti, Paulo Roberto. "Strategic management of technology in the chemicals/materials industry : policy recommendations for Brazil." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33496.

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49

Kunzler, Jayson S. (Jayson Scott) 1973. "Order fulfillment model for medical equipment installation materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89316.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references.
by Jayson S. Kunzler.
S.M.

50

Armstrong, Daniel Pierce. "Responsive Thermoplastic Elastomer Gels| Applications in Electroactive, Shape-Memory and Thermal Energy Management Materials." Thesis, North Carolina State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10970021.

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Thermoplastic elastomers are a class of rubbery polymeric materials that exhibit solidlike properties due to physically associating moieties. Block copolymers are often used as the network forming component of thermoplastic elastomers. Additionally, block copolymers can be modified with block selective solvents that contribute a specific functionality to the system; these solvent modified systems will be referred to throughout as thermoplastic elastomer gels. Thermoplastic elastomers and their gels have a long history of applications as specialty materials for passive systems where traditional rubbers cannot meet the required design criteria—often properties of softness, toughness and low hysteresis are of interest. Herein, we discuss the use of thermoplastic elastomer gels as active materials that respond to external stimuli to change their mechanical and thermal properties.

First, the text will introduce concepts of phase behavior and resultant physical behavior of block copolymers in the presence of a selective solvent. Included are specific details pertinent to materials used in experimental discussions presented in this work. Following this broad discussion, the introduction of a specific class of smart and responsive materials, known as dielectric elastomer actuators, is detailed in a survey of recent technological developments in the field.

The main body of the text describes multiple applications of thermoplastic elastomer gels. It begins with an entirely novel use of a semi-crystalline olefin block polymer gel as a dielectric elastomer actuator exhibiting programmable anisotropy and promising actuation behavior. The subsequent study uses specific control over the architecture of a polydimethylsiloxane elastomer to make ultra-soft films for exceptional dielectric elastomers. These so-called bottlebrush elastomers are formed from heavily grafted polymer backbones that reduce entanglements resulting in incredibly soft elastomers. As dielectric elastomers, these materials operate with no mechanical prestrain and achieve strains greater than 300% by area. This is followed by the use of a traditional ABA triblock copolymer (poly[styrene-bethylene- co-butylene-b-styrene]) with a crystallizing selective solvent to impart shape memory behavior. This is the first demonstration of a dielectric elastomer utilizing crystallization for electroactive strain fixation. Finally, we conclude with the discussion of thermoplastic copolyester based gels as form-stable phase change materials. These phase change gels have applications in passive thermal energy management systems and compete with existing commercial technologies.

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