Дисертації з теми "Materialism"
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1
Awanis, Sandra, Bodo B. Schlegelmilch, and Cui Charles Chi. "Asia's Materialists: Reconciling Collectivism and Materialism." Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41267-017-0096-6.
Анотація:
Materialism has an ugly face. The dominant view of materialism regards materialists as self-prioritizing individuals who oppose collective and prosocial goals in favor of a lifestyle led by money, possessions, and status. The present research argues that there is a side of materialism that is concerned with collective-oriented interests. We examine the nature and consequences of collective-oriented materialism - the belief system that ascribes importance to possessions for their symbolic and signaling capacities to construct desirable social attributes. Drawing from cultural and consumer theories, we find considerable support that materialists espouse a collective-oriented quality to an otherwise self-oriented interest towards possessions.
2
Abdullah, Kalthom. "Children and materialism : materialism among young consumers in Malaysia." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364361.
3
Cohen, Joshua. ""Minimalist Historical Materialism"." Westview Press, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/5453.
4
Ivy, John David. "Eliminativism without materialism." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1435221.
5
Beggs, Noah Stewart. "Bodies, minds and materialism." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0002/MQ39433.pdf.
6
Renton, Alistair. "An apology for materialism." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1720.
Анотація:
It is natural to suppose that mental and physical properties are importantly distinct. Yet whatever this difference is, it has to be compatible with interaction between the mind and the body. Satisfaction of these desiderata leads to a paradox. If you make the mind strongly separate from the body, then there is the problem of bringing them together. If you unite them, then there is the problem of preserving their distinctiveness. It is the aim of this thesis to resolve the paradox. From the outset, it is assumed that the nature of interaction is most satisfactorily explained by an account of mental properties in monistic terms. For reasons for space, the arguments of Materialism are concentrated upon at the exposure of Idealism. Three strategies are examined, and found wanting. First, an instance of a non-reductive account provided by Davidson's 'Anomalous Monism'. Here, mental properties seem to be left with no role in influencing behaviour. Second, a review of reductionist accounts, ranging from Identity Theories to Representationalism. Criticism focuses upon the failure of reductionism to explain the connection between the function of a conscious state and its particular character. A Materialist treats mental states as if they were part of the physical universe. This implies that the nature of these states may be understood through scientific investigation, in the same manner as all other phenomena. The third strategy is to deny the above implication: that is, deny the assertion that, by existing, all aspects of an object are thereby knowable. The ideas of Colin McGinn are discussed as an example of this position. Since his arguments are equally suitable for non-Materialist purposes, they do not constitute an exclusively Materialist solution to the above paradox. This thesis offers an alternative way of pursuing the above strategy. It argues that the relation between mental states and our ways of understanding phenomena, is such that we should not expect our theories about the nature of 'mind' and the 'physical world' to employ the same terms. These properties appear distinct, not because they are different substances, but because they occupy different sides of the ‘process of understanding’ - ‘thing understood’ relationship. For convenience, this position is referred to as ‘Agnostic Materialism’. As interaction between the mind and the body is compatible with the mind having no influence upon our behaviour, it is incumbent upon the thesis to defend Materialism against the claim that mental properties are epiphenomenal. This is achieved by teasing out two ways in which such properties are considered inert: either because the workings of the mind are independent of the body; or because the mind’s processes are irrelevant to those of the body. The first claim is seen arise from the difficulty of seeing the mind as part of the physical world - a difficulty removed by the arguments in the previous paragraph. The second claim gains plausibility through a mistaken adherence to certain models of scientific explanation.
7
Ramsay, W. D. "Materialism and perceptual experience." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371306.
8
Homburg, Phillip. "Walter Benjamin and 'materialism'." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/63975/.
Анотація:
This thesis examines the emergence of Walter Benjamin's materialism, within his early thought, from within the context of post-Kantian philosophy. The original contribution made by this thesis is that it differentiates Benjamin's materialism from both Romanticism and neo-Kantianism, on the one side, and empiricism, on the other. In contrast to those who identify Benjamin as a practitioner of a Romantic form of immanence, a neo-Kantian or a mystical empiricist, I place Benjamin's materialism within the context of the conflict between an empiricist form of materialism and post-Kantian idealism. This thesis is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, I examine the history of materialism and its critical reception in the Kantian idealist tradition. The second chapter examines of the development of Karl Marx's materialism. I show that Marx's conception of reality fundamentally challenges traditional conceptions of idealism and materialism. In the third chapter, I show that Benjamin's critique of neo-Kantianism necessarily points towards a concept of knowledge that can encompass the particularity of experience qua sense experience within itself, something that is closed off in the neo-Kantian attempt to secure the objective validity of knowledge. The final chapter focuses on Benjamin's attempt to locate an expanded concept of experience. I look at several instances of how this concept manifests itself in the poem, life and language. I develop a materialist account of the idea that runs counter to the neo-Kantian one. Finally, I conclude by showing the limits of the Romantic concept of immanence for Benjamin. Throughout this thesis, I examine how Benjamin breaks out of both the neo- Kantian and Romantic strands of post-Kantian idealism. I also pay close attention to Benjamin's critique of empiricism. This thesis demonstrates that Benjamin's materialism emerges out of a serious engagement with that tradition, yet it remains irreducible to a form of neo-Kantianism, Romanticism, or empiricism.
9
Kapel, Barbara Zofia. "Post-materialism in Western Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0010/MQ31296.pdf.
10
Osei, Raymond N. "The case for agnostic materialism." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264299.
11
Hwang, Richard Ruey-Chyi. "Recent interpretations of historical materialism." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271926.
12
Gordon, John. "Should eliminative materialism be eliminated?" Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21264.
Анотація:
The thesis consists of a critical evaluation of Paul Churchland's eliminative materialism. The first of the central claims of the thesis is that it is unclear how radical an eliminativism Churchland wishes to adopt, in that his published work appears to vacillate between a position which is too modest to be regarded as a genuinely eliminative form of materialism, and positions which, while radical in their eliminativism, are not supported by the empirical evidence which Churchland presents. I conclude that eliminative materialism is itself a candidate for elimination, on the grounds that the radical positions are unsupportable in principle, while the only eliminativist position which is defensible effectively fails to qualify as a form of 'eliminative materialism'. The early chapters of the thesis consider the negative element in Churchland's position - the claim that 'folk psychology' will not ultimately reduce to neuroscience, and that, this being a constraint on the acceptability of folk psychology as a putative source of mental explanation, folk psychology ought therefore to be eliminated. The positive element of Churchland's position is then considered: his claims that research programmes currently being undertaken in both parallel distributive processing, and neuroscience, converge in providing a more psychologically realistic account of human cognition than do more conventional accounts, which utilise the explanatory categories of fold psychology; and that, as this PDP model eschews the use of folk psychological categories, it thus entails elimination of folk psychology, as anticipated in the earlier, negative thesis. I consider the philosophical implications of the PDP model, and find it deficient with regard to two of the main areas of philosophical interest considered by Churchland: the operation of moral choice; and consciousness. My conclusion is that PDP does not serve to provide support for any but the most modest of eliminativist positions - so that what empirical plausibility PDP may have cannot rescue eliminative materialism from elimination.
13
Gurung, Anzuna. "Indian materialism : a critical study." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1277.
14
Turan, Gizem. "Relationship Between Materialism And Self-construals." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608346/index.pdf.
Анотація:
The aim of the present study was to explore the associations between different types of orientations toward materialism, and to investigate the relationship between materialistic orientations and different self-construal types as suggested by the Balanced Integration and Differentiation (BID) Model (imamoglu, 1998, 2003). The sample was consisted of 335 Middle East Technical University students (168 females, 167 males) with a mean age of 21.34. The questionnaire consisted of eight scales that were used to measure materialism, self-construals, family environment, attachment, and self and family satisfaction. The scales were Material Values Scale (Richins &Dawson, 1992), Aspiration Index (Kasser &
Ryan, 1996), the New Materialism Scale which was developed for the current study, Balanced Integration and Differentiation Scale (BIDS, Imamoglu, 1998), Perceived Family Atmosphere Scale (Imamoglu, 2001), Family Satisfaction Index, and Self Satisfaction Index (Imamoglu, 2001) as well as the Relationship Questionnaire (Bartholomew &
Horowitz, 1991). Through the analyses on the data from the New Materialism scale, that had acceptable psychometric qualities, four sub-constructs of materialism were found that are extrinsic orientations, acquisitiveness, attachment to possessions, and sharing. Both MANOVA and regression analyses were performed and it was seen that respondents with related-individuated and separated-patterned self-types, proposed by the BID Model to represent the most balanced and unbalanced self-types, respectively, significantly differed from each other in terms of materialism score ratings measured by Material Values Scale and New Materialism scale. The people with the unbalanced type seemed to be more oriented towards materialism compared to the ones with the balanced type. While lower levels of individuation predicted higher levels of materialism for all materialism measures except attachment to possessions, the lower levels of relatedness predicted higher levels of materialism in terms of happiness, the belief that happiness can be gained through possessions, and sharing, the degree of unwillingness to share one&rsquo
s possessions with other people. Considering gender, women are found to be more acquisitive, giving a central importance to possessions and more interested in image as an aspiration. Through the analysis of the relationship patterns using SEM, a model was proposed for the relationships between different types of materialism, self orientations, and gender. Three different types of materialism, i.e. existential materialism, relational materialism, and indulgent materialism, were generated. Low levels of individuation predicted all three types of materialism. Low levels of relatedness predicted only relational materialism, whereas being woman predicted indulgent materialism. Theoretical implications of these findings are discussed in the framework of the BID Model.
15
Krieger, Gordon S. F. "Connectionism, naturalized epistemology, and eliminative materialism." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68112.
Анотація:
The aim of this essay is to explore the potential for an epistemology consistent with eliminative materialism based on work in connectionist modeling.I present a review of the connectionist approach to psychological models that contrasts it with the classical symbolic approach, focusing on the nature of their respective representations. While defending the legitimacy of the connectionist approach, I find that its most useful application is as a basis for neuroscientific investigation.
Discussing connectionist psychology, I find it inconsistent with folk psychology and therefore consistent with eliminative materialism. I argue also for the naturalization of epistemology and thus for the relevance of psychology for epistemology. The conclusion of the essay is an outline of connectionist epistemology, which centres around two mathematical analyses of the global activity of connectionist networks; I argue that connectionist psychology leads to a version of epistemic pragmatism.
16
McCann, Gerard. "The historical materialism of E.P. Thompson." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359102.
17
Walker, David Martin. "Dialectics, materialism and Marx's scientific method." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.626862.
Анотація:
In this thesis the component parts of Marx's method are identified and clarified, his use of dialectics and materialism examined, and the scientific standing of his method assessed. It is argued that Marx's method is coherent, valid and scientific, and is based on a dialectical and materialist philosophy. The key themes of Marx's method identified include critique, abstraction, essence and appearance, inversion, and practice. Six theses of Marx's materialism are put forward: the realism thesis, the primacy of matter thesis, the naturalism thesis, the historical materialism thesis, the praxis thesis and the materialist methodology thesis. The core elements of dialectics are identified as change, connection and contradiction, and the outline of a non-Hegelian dialectic is sketched out. It is contended that the interpretations of dialectics and materialism presented constitute the underpinnings of Marx's method. The relations between the component parts of his method, and between them and the dialectical and materialist philosophical foundation are indicated, and the overall coherence of Marx's method asserted. Four conceptions of science - scientific positivism, critical rationalism, conventionalism and scientific realism - are identified and analysed, and Marx's method is compared and contrasted with them. Arguments for Marxism's scientificity are examined and assessed, and it is contended that Marx's method is compatible with the scientific realist conception of science.
18
Altman-Newell, Lucienne. "Is Bodily Resurrection Compatible with Materialism?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1067.
Анотація:
It is widely known that at least three of the major world religions—Christianity, Islam, and (more controversially) Judaism—embrace the theory of bodily resurrection, or an event in which a person or people are brought back to embodied life after death. But is this theory compatible with materialism, or the philosophical doctrine that nothing exists except matter and its movements and modifications? In other words, if my “self” is identical with and nothing more than my body, could my unique and particular “self” come to exist again on Earth after my death? This thesis examines theories of compatibility from ancient times to the present day.
19
Hebben, Wadey A. "Materialism and well-being in children." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1324497/.
Анотація:
Past research on materialism has focussed on adults and adolescents, with very little attention paid to younger children. In older populations, materialism has been linked to low self-esteem, increased aggression and delinquency, low prosocial behaviour and increased narcissism. This study aimed to identify whether these results could be replicated in pre-teen children, with particular attention paid to the impact of materialism-narcissism interactions on behavioural outcomes. Seventy-five children aged between 8 and 11 were assessed using child self-report measures of materialism and self-esteem, and teacher reported measures of relational and physical aggression, and narcissism. Results found that, unlike in previous studies of adults, materialism had no independent effects on adjustment variables. However, significant interactions with narcissism were identified indicating that children high in narcissism and high in materialism were particularly likely to be relationally aggressive. In contrast, high materialistic high narcissistic children were also far less likely to be physically aggressive. Results were discussed with reference to models of narcissism and materialism, and particular characteristics of the study sample. Suggestions for future research were considered.
20
Franz, Timothy. "Modern materialism and its political implications." Thesis, Boston University, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27649.
Анотація:
Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
2031-01-02
21
Rustagi, Nimish. "Essays in materialism and compensatory consumption." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLH007.
Анотація:
Cette thèse, constituée de trois essais, porte sur les concepts interdépendants de matérialisme et de consommation compensatoire. Le premier essai passe en revue les différentes conceptualisations du matérialisme, ainsi que ses causes et ses conséquences. J’analyse comment les différentes conceptualisations peuvent expliquer les variations des travaux de recherche et je propose un cadre conceptuel général pour analyser la recherche sur le matérialisme. Je présente également les travaux sur la notion de consommation compensatoire qui renvoie à l'utilisation et à la possession de biens matériels pour faire face aux menaces portant sur l’identité personnelle. Pour conclure ce premier essai, j’ouvre le débat sur l’opportunité de plusieurs travaux de recherche portant sur la consommation compensatoire. Dans les deux essais suivants, j’approfondis plus particulièrement les questions liées à la consommation compensatoire.Dans le deuxième essai, je reviens sur les recherches montrant que dédommager des aspects menacés de l'identité personnelle avec des produits symboliques (c'est-à-dire la consommation compensatoire intra-domaine) provoque des personnes pour ruminer les menaces sur leur identité personnelle et diminue leur ressources de maîtrise de soi.Je constate qu'une telle diminution arrive uniquement lorsque les produits sont explicitement liés avec les aspects menacés de leur identité personnelle et non quand ils sont implicitement liés avec les aspects menacés.Le troisième essai se focalise sur l'efficacité de la consommation compensatoire intra-domaine et plus précisément sur la possibilité de restaurer les éléments endommagés de l'identité personnelle. Mes résultats montrent que la restauration de l'identité personnelle est contrariée lorsque les individus sont rétribués avec des produits ayant des liens explicites avec les aspects menacés de leur identité personnelle et non lorsque ces liens sont implicites. Les liens explicites rappellent aux consommateurs les menaces et empêchent le processus de réparation de l'identité personnelle. Je teste également une condition limite de ces résultats et montre que lorsque la menace sur l’identité personnelle est implicite (par exemple, subtile ou non évidente), même les produits ayant des liens explicites peuvent permettre la réparation de l'identité personnelleThis dissertation comprises three essays that pertain to the interelated constructs of materialism and compensatory consumption. In Essay 1, I review research on the conceptualizations, causes, and consequences of materialism, analyze how adopting different conceptualizations may account for variations in research outcomes, and suggest a broad framework for analyzing materialism research. I also introduce research on compensatory consumption, which refers to the use and possession of material goods to address self-identity threats. In the end, I discuss some ideas for future research, particularly those related to compensatory consumption. In the next two essays, I investigate specific questions on compensatory consumption. In Essay 2, I revisit extant research that shows that compensating with products symbolic of threatened aspects of self-identity (i.e., within-domain compensatory consumption) causes threat-related rumination and depletes self-control resources of individuals. I find that such depletion occurs only when products are explicitly connected to the threatened aspects of self, and not when they are implicitly connected to the threatened aspects. In Essay 3, I examine the efficacy of within-domain compensatory consumption, that is, whether it restores self-identity on aspects damaged by a self-threat. I find that self-identity repair is thwarted when threatened individuals compensate with products having explicit connections to the threatened identity domain, but not when these connections are kept implicit. Explicit, but not implicit, connections remind consumers of the threat, thereby impeding self-repair. I also test a boundary condition to these finding, and show that when the self-threat itself is implicit (e.g., subtle, non-obvious), even products with explicit connections can provide self-repair
22
Tamizari, Fabiana. "A mulher na concepção materialista de Diderot." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-24042014-103042/.
Анотація:
Esta dissertação trata da mulher no pensamento materialista de Denis Diderot (1713-1784), tendo em vista dois aspectos principais: a constituição psicofisiológica feminina e a maneira como o enciclopedista vê a mulher no seu contexto moral e social no Século das Luzes. Tomaremos como base para esta análise as seguintes obras do filósofo: Diálogo entre DAlembert e Diderot, O Sonho de DAlembert, Continuação do Diálogo, Sobre as Mulheres, A Religiosa e, por fim, o Suplemento à Viagem de Bougainville.This dissertation deals with the woman in materialistic thought of Denis Diderot (1713-1784), in view two main aspects: the constitution psychophysiological women and the way women see encyclopedic in its moral and social context in the Enlightenment. We will take as a basis for this analysis the following works of the philosopher: Dialogue between D\'Alembert and Diderot, D\'Alembert\'s Dream, Continued Dialogue on Women, The Religious and finally, The Supplement to the Journey Bougainville.
23
Pfeifer, Geoffrey Dennis. "The New Materialism: Althusser, Badiou, and Zizek." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4202.
Анотація:
This dissertation traces the post-Marxist and materialist positions of two leading contemporary European thinkers: Slavoj Zizek and Alain Badiou. These thinkers, I argue, collectively offer a way between the traditional Hegelian Marxist's overarching meta-narrative of a necessary evolution from worse to better, and the post-modern pessimism of a lack of possibility for such a social evolution. It is this middle path, offered by these two thinkers, that this dissertation seeks to explore and further explain. The focal point of this dissertation is the type of philosophical materialism that is collectively offered by Badiou and Zizek, what I call the "New Materialism." I first explain the origins of this materialist position as it emerges in the thought of Louis Althusser, then I discuss how Badiou and Zizek, each in their own way, seek to correct the remaining problems that exist for the Althusserian position, while refusing to reject its core materialist insights. Finally, I assess the ways in which both Badiou and Zizek attempt to overcome the Althusserian problems, arguing that ultimately Zizek's corrective succeeds in remaining within the materialist paradigm laid out by Althusser, whereas Badiou's method brings him dangerously close to a kind of philosophical idealism that he wishes to avoid.
24
PEREIRA, ANTONIO PEDRO FONSECA GOULART. "DAVID CHALMERS AND THE REFUTATION OF MATERIALISM." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=15107@1.
Анотація:
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORDavid J. Chalmers, um dos mais influentes autores contemporâneos em filosofia da mente, defende a irredutibilidade ontológica da consciência a propriedades físicas. Para o filósofo australiano, a consciência - ou a qualidade subjetiva da experiência - escapa a qualquer abordagem materialista, pois permanece um mistério por que processos físico-funcionais são acompanhados de experiência. Assim, segundo o autor, pelo fato de não poder ser logicamente derivada de fatos físicos, a consciência precisa ser considerada uma propriedade fundamental do universo. Para sustentar sua tese e refutar o materialismo, Chalmers explora três tipos de argumentos, bem como suas diversas objeções: o argumento explanatório, o argumento do conhecimento e o argumento da conceptibilidade (ou argumento dos zumbis). Este trabalho visa investigar, à luz desses três argumentos e da plausibilidade de posições não materialistas, se realmente devemos desistir do materialismo para darmos conta do fenômeno da consciência.
David J. Chalmers, one of the most influential contemporary philosophers of mind, defends the ontological irreducibility of consciousness to physical properties. According to the Australian philosopher, consciousness – or the subjective quality of experience – escapes all materialist approaches, once it remains a mystery why physical/functional processes should be accompanied by experience. Chalmers argues that, because consciousness cannot be logically entailed from physical facts, it must be considered as a fundamental property of the universe. To support his thesis and refute the doctrine of materialism, the author explores three types of argument, as well as its objections: the explanatory argument, the knowledge argument and the conceivability argument (or the zombie argument). The aim of the present work is to investigate, in the light of these three arguments and the plausibility of non-materialist positions, if we should really give up on materialism to account for the phenomenon of consciousness.
25
Higgins, John Anthony. "Raymond Williams : literature, Marxism and cultural materialism." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23241.
Анотація:
The guiding principle of this study is that Williams's engagement with English studies cannot be understood in terms purely internal to the discipline of English. As well as writing against the official culture of liberal and conservative literary studies, Williams also wrote in opposition to what he read as the orthodoxies of Marxist thinking on literature, culture and politics. Arguing first against Marxist literary criticism as he knew it from the 1930s, he maintained an ever sceptical and ever critical stance towards the later trends of Althusserian and poststructuralist theory, while at the same time continuing his always defining commitment to socialist politics. While the terms of this larger argument are necessarily present throughout, Chapter Five focuses on them more narrowly, and traces their development in Williams' thinking from the late 1950s through to the development of the concept of cultural materialism in Marxism and Literature in 1977.
26
Dean, Lukas R. "Materialism, Perceived Financial Problems, and Marital Satisfaction." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/464.
Анотація:
While there has been a relatively large number of studies conducted to investigate associations between financial problems and marital outcomes, little research has been done to examine possible relationships between materialistic attitudes, perceived financial problems, and marital outcomes. This study has been designed to examine a conceptual model linking materialism, perceived financial problems, and relationship satisfaction among married couples. Data obtained from 600 married heterosexual couples who took the RELATE test fit the model well. Findings indicate that wives' materialism is negatively related to husbands' marital satisfaction. Husbands' and wives' materialism is positively related with increased perception of financial problems which is in turn negatively associated with marital satisfaction. As expected, income was positively related to marital satisfaction, however, income had no relation to perception of financial problems. Materialism had a stronger impact on perception of financial problems than income. Distinct gender findings indicate that although husbands' variables had no significant relation with wives' outcomes, wives' variables were significantly related to husbands' outcomes. Specifically, wives' materialism is positively related with husbands' increased perception of financial problems, and wives' perceived financial problems is negatively associated with husbands' marital satisfaction. These findings support the notion that materialism is indirectly related to marital satisfaction, and in some ways directly related to marital satisfaction.
27
Romualdo, William. "Materialismo e moral em Holbach : os fundamentos da felicidade no Sistema da natureza /." Marília, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154051.
Анотація:
Orientador: Ricardo MonteagudoBanca: Jacira de Freitas
Banca: Paulo Jonas de Lima Piva
Resumo: Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar e demonstrar os princípios morais do Barão de Holbach (1723- 1789), em especial, como ele fundamenta a noção de felicidade em seu materialismo ateu, fatalista e eudemonista. No Sistema da Natureza (ou das leis do mundo físico e do mundo moral), de 1770, Holbach entende que a infelicidade que atormenta grande parte dos seres humanos é causada pela ignorância acerca da natureza da qual fazemos parte, bem como pela ignorância que temos de nossa própria natureza. Por meio da experiência que guia a razão e proporciona o desvelamento da natureza e conhecimento da sua dinâmica, Holbach acredita que o comportamento humano pode ser conduzido na vida em sociedade sem depender dos dogmas teológicos. Segundo o barão, o próprio desejo de ser feliz e de se conservar é uma tendência natural nos seres humanos. E a "verdadeira felicidade" só será possível com uma moral em conformidade com as leis da natureza e as necessidades naturais do homem, as quais exigem dele a prática de uma virtude que considere também a felicidade dos demais seres humanos.
Abstract: This work aims to analyze and demonstrate the moral principles of Baron d'Holbach (1723-1789), mainly, how he bases the notion of happiness in his atheistic, fatalistic and eudemonistic materialism. At The System of Nature (or the laws of the physical world and the moral world), 1770, Holbach perceives that the unhappiness that plagues most human beings is caused by ignorance about the nature of which we are part of, as well as by the ignorance we have upon our own nature. By means of the experience that guides reason and provides the unveiling of nature and knowledge of its dynamics, Holbach believes that human behavior can be guided in the society life without dependence on theological dogmas. According to Baron, the very desire to be happy and to preserve oneself is a natural tendency in the human beings. And "the true happiness" will only be possible with a moral in accordance with the laws of nature and the natural needs of man, which require him the practice of a virtue that also considers the happiness of other human beings.
Mestre
28
Kemp, Jonathan. "The crystal world : executing a new media materialism." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2013. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/8z071/the-crystal-world-executing-a-new-media-materialism.
Анотація:
This thesis presents practice-based research to establish new forms of social and artistic production through examinations of the materiality of the technical media, namely the computer, that underpins new media art. Contemporary new media art practice has tended to focus attention on software or hardware interfaces, interactivity and network communications. Whilst explorations of these specific affordances of computational media have been important they have generally avoided a more informed engagement with the material structures that frame, underpin, and ultimately shape the works produced with these media. The hypothesis of the research is that a richer understanding of the creative potentials of computational media as a form of practice can accrue from an active engagement with these material foundations in which any computational device employed in a media art practice is embedded. Thus the research presents a novel methodology for approaching new media art, driven by an imperative to engage with the computational, not from some abstract and universalised point-of-view, but up close with a focus on the materiality of its media and thus on matter itself. Hence a second assumption in the research is that this lacunae has impacted on the geology of ideas around new media theory and practice, and includes a failure to account for the intractable difficulties around the material production of the technical media that underpins new media art. Following Karen Barad, the research employs, a diffractive methodology - a practice of presenting computational materiality through insights and traditions while paying attention to their differences, including the material effects of their constitutive exclusions . Using this methodology, new forms of production have been achieved with the participation of diverse groups of people in workshops, “open laboratories”, and two exhibitions. It is intended that the methodology can be adapted, used and developed by practitioners in new media art, philosophy, media archaeology, museology, ethnography and anthropology.
29
McMenamin, Claire. "The problem of materialism : practice and the materiality of the body in Butler, Marx and Sartre." Thesis, Kingston University, 2013. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/28221/.
Анотація:
The investigation of the central problem of this thesis - the status of the body in a materialism refounded in practice - is motivated by two current trends in contemporary modem European philosophy. These are, on the one hand, Judith Butler's political theory of the body, which evacuates ontological and materialist dimensions; and, on the other, the increased popularity of 'new' materialisms and speculative realism, which focus on questions concerning the inaccessibility and/or nonhuman agency of the material domain. This thesis proposes that these approaches often elide or cannot account for the status of the body and its practical activity. Butler's model renders the materiality of the body a quasi-Kantian thing-in-itself, accessible only through the materiality of the signifier; whilst, in their attempt to move beyond analyses of human finitude to access reality, certain contemporary materialist and realist approaches "theologise" the material domain in a way that sets it beyond the harnessing capacity of human practice. This thesis proposes instead that the philosophical and political questions concerning the status of the body are most productively addressed within a materialist framework that places a certain conception of 'practice' at the core of its ontology. It begins its analysis by exploring Karl Marx's innovative refoundation of materialism in an ontology of practice, situating it historically in relation to the work of his contemporary, Friedrich Albert Lange. It then considers the constitutive ambiguity of the 'metabolism' between practice and material environment within this refoundation of materialism. Showing how this ambiguity is often "resolved" or undermined by Marx, the thesis argues that Jean-Paul Sartre's later work- particularly The Critique of Dialectical Reason - allows a development of this constitutive ambiguity in Marx and a reconsideration of a diversity of practices in relation to the "situated" body. Practice in Sartre is explicitly theorised as particularised and embodied, rather than abstract and universal, such that we can think the individual subject within this reconceived practical materialism. Rediscovering the practitioner as embodied is to rediscover the diversity of the qualitative and concrete at the root of a materialist framework, allowing us to address materialist feminist criticisms of Marx and Marxist theory for its lack of a resistant individual subject.
30
Zhao, Zun Yan. "An investigation of materialism in contemporary Chinese society." Thesis, University of Macau, 2006. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636796.
31
Rose, Stephen. "Consciousness and reductive explanation : has materialism been refuted?" Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ64015.pdf.
32
Roddy, Kevin Martin. "Folk psychology, eliminative materialism and the intentional stance." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334639.
33
Walden, Philip Leslie. "The rise, decline and revival of dialectical materialism." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395905.
34
Kavanagh, Kevin Sean. "Raymond Williams and the limits of cultural materialism." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/50785/.
Анотація:
Cultural materialism has become an influential discipline in recent years, particularly so in 'Renaissance' studies, but also more generally in 'English', as well as departments defined as practising 'cultural' or 'communications' studies. The phrase is usually linked with the name of Raymond Williams, but a cursory examination of Williams's own work quickly establishes that it is a phrase he rarely uses, and only schematically attempts to define. The thesis therefore takes the form of an investigation into the way cultural materialism has come to be understood, by examining in detail the trajectory of Raymond Williams's theoretical development, and how his own engagement with various theoretical positions has helped to set 'limits' on the meaning of cultural materialism. Chapters 1 and 2 deal with some of Williams's earliest work, particularly Reading and Criticism, as a way of investigating how reasonable it is to tag him as a 'Left-Leavisite', arguing that Leavis's undoubted influence is resisted (though not entirely rejected) from a very early stage. The first chapter considers in detail Leavis's work at Cambridge, the influence of Eliot, and the significance of the 'Organic Community'. Chapter 2, which is based around a comparative analysis of Williams's and Leavis's readings of Dickens, argues that Williams rejects the 'organic community' in favour of his 'knowable community'. Chapters 4 and 5 deal with specific 'theoretical' issues: the first, based around a reading of Terry Eagleton's critique of Williams's use of the Marxist metaphor of 'base and superstructure', shows some of the problems which arise from Williams's cultural model, as well as suggesting refinements; the second deals with the influence of Volosinov's theories on Williams. Chapter 6 comes out of Williams's readings of the 'Country-House' poems in The Country and the City, showing how his practice of literary criticism relies on an acceptance of 'ideology' apparently denied in his more 'theoretical' writings. This analysis is extended as a result of investigations into the 'De L'Isle' manuscripts relating to the Penshurst estate. Chapter 7 argues that it is possible to see the work of Fredric Jameson as developing Williams's cultural materialism into Jameson's debates on postmodernism. In the Introduction and Conclusion, I have taken the opportunity to look briefly at the activity of cultural materialism as it has developed since Raymond Williams's death in 1988. The Introduction emphasizes what I see to be important methodological differences between 'cultural materialism' and 'new historicism'; the Conclusion deals with the continuing debate over the value of a cultural materialist approach by considering the 'appropriation' of Shakespeare.
35
Lucero, David Zachary, and David Zachary Lucero. "Historicizing Sexuality: Materialism, Recent Trends, and Surplus Populations." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625073.
Анотація:
Traditional Marxist historical materialism employs a material analysis that privileges how capitalism interacts with subject formation and has been used in recent historicizations of sexuality. This paper understands that line of analysis to be gendering, racializing, and pathologizing and examines LGBTQ history as a starting point to decenter capitalism from the analysis. Using Roderick Ferguson's "queer of color" critique, this paper maintains that more specifically, history should attend to the emergence of surplus populations which capitalism keeps hidden. Under the umbrella of queer of color critique, migration studies, transnational perspectives, and the destabilizing nature of queer theory all have the capacity to provide a fuller view of sexual difference and the histories of LGBTQ and other surplus populations. Furthermore, a legal framework provides an opportunity to take theory into practice by examining legislation with the analytical scope of queer of color and from an anti-capitalist vantage point.
36
Fisher, Mark. "Flatline constructs : Gothic materialism and cybernetic theory-fiction." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/110900/.
Анотація:
Cyberpunk fiction has been called “the supreme literary expression, if not of postmodernism then of late capitalism itself.” (Jameson) This thesis aims to analyse and question this claim by rethinking cyberpunk Action, postmodernism and late capitalism in terms of three - interlocking - themes: cybernetics, the Gothic and fiction. It claims that while what has been called “postmodernism” has been preoccupied with cybernetic themes, cybernetics has been haunted by the Gothic. The Gothic has always enjoyed a peculiarly intimate relation with the fictional. Baudrillard's theories, meanwhile, suggest that, in a period dominated by (cybernetic) simulation, fiction has a new cultural role. By putting “theory” into dialogue with “fiction”, the thesis examines Baudrillard's suggestion that the era of cybernetics (what he calls “third order simulacra”) “puts an end to science fiction, but also to theory, as specific genres”. The version of the Gothic the thesis presents is one stripped of many of its conventional cultural associations; it is a material (and materialist) Gothic. The machinery for re-thinking the Gothic comes from Deleuze-Guattari’s A Thousand Plateaus. Deriving not from the familiar literary sources (the so-called Gothic novels of the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth century) but from Wilhelm Worringer’s work on “barbarian art”, Deleuze-Guattari’s version of the Gothic departs from any reference to the supernatural. The crucial theme in Worringer, Deleuze-Guattari establish, is that of nonorganic continuum. Following Deleuze-Guattari’s lead, the thesis analyses key cyberpunk texts such as Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner, David Cronenberg’s Videodrome and William Gibson’s Neuromancer in terms of what it calls this “hypematuralist” theme. While these texts have often been analysed in terms of “postmodernism” and “cyberpunk,” they have rarely been discussed in terms of the Gothic. Here, though, it will be shown that these texts, and important precursors, such as Ballard’s The Atrocity Exhibition, are centrally concerned with the breakdown of the boundary between the animate and the inanimate. (A theme that cybernetics has also confronted). The thesis aims to demonstrate that, in its fixation upon catatonic trance, bodies that do not end at the skin, and agency-without-subjectivity, cyberpunk or “imploded science fiction” converges the Gothic with cybernetics on what, following Gibson, it calls the flatline. The flatline has two important senses, referring to (1) a stale of “unlife” (or “undeath”) and (2) a condition of radical immanence. The thesis is divided into four chapters, each of which considers the flatline under a different aspect. Chapter 1 concerns the flatlining of cybernetics and postmodernism; Chapter 2 deals with the flatlining of the body, paying particular attention to the Deleuze-Guattari/Artaud concept of the Body without Organs; Chapter 3 focuses upon the flatlining of reproduction, opposing both sexual and mechanical reproduction to Deleuze-Guattari’s idea of (Gothic) propagation; Chapter 4 considers the flatlining of fiction itself in the context of (Baudrillard’s) hyperreality.
37
Steinfield, Laurel. "Rethinking materialism : a question of judgements and enactments of power." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:44de01c0-db06-45b7-a230-2fea4941b7e2.
Анотація:
This thesis traces the etymology of 'materialism' using a Foucauldian discourse analysis to bring to the fore the word's use as discursive mode of power. Through examining over 5000 texts, spanning across 400 years, I trace a line from the origins of materialism in philosophical thought of the Renaissance and Enlightenment eras to its uptake in American rhetoric and integration into the consumer behaviour literature. This approach leads to a reconceptualization of materialism. Commonly viewed in consumer studies as a measurable value, trait, or motive inherent in the consumer, I situate materialism as external to the consumer. The word's history, especially in consumer studies, demonstrates that it embodies moral condemnations. I find that accusations of materialism rise in discourses during moments of intense social dislocations. It is wielded by social groups as part of a play for status. In this analysis, concepts of power as per Foucault and social distinctions as per Bourdieu, are used to explain the motives residing behind the use of the word. These motives, which reflect sociocultural dynamics and geo-political agendas, manifest in the meanings attributed to 'materialism', and the directionality of the allegation. Thus I argue that 'materialism', at its essence, is an epithet used to advance or demobilise a set of interests. This is what I term, delegitimizing discourse - words used to debase other social groups. Studying 'materialism' as a case in point, I note that groups use delegitimizing discourse either an assimilative measure - rhetoric geared towards indoctrination - or as a defensive mechanism - rhetoric used to debase threatening elements and behaviours. It is hoped that this new perspective will encourage academics to be rethink their approach to studying materialism, or in the least, to be aware of what is being measured, and what moral judgements and interests they are perpetuating through their continued studies.
38
Teixeira, Ana Laura da Silva 1987. "Trabalho como princípio educativo : a história do debate no contexto brasileiro." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254043.
Анотація:
Orientador: Olinda Maria NoronhaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-28T04:08:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Teixeira_AnaLauradaSilva_M.pdf: 994638 bytes, checksum: 5f4e4d863c56876f81b00f1895632871 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo trazer a conhecimento os debates realizados em torno do conceito do trabalho como princípio educativo, sendo esse um construto teórico elaborado por Gramsci, e que vemos também em Saviani grandes apropriações. Para tanto, realizamos uma exposição das bases materiais brasileiras, em um recorte histórico feito da década de 1980 até os dias atuais, escolhido, devido ao fato do debate ter se iniciado nessa época, e ao longo da história ter se apresentado ora com maior, ora com menor visibilidade. Também explanamos sobre como se configura a educação nesse período, para que possamos entender em que contexto se dá a elaboração desses trabalhos. Como referencial metodológico, utilizamos o materialismo histórico dialético, por entender que, as condições materiais traçadas ao longo da história em nosso país nos permitem compreender as causas desse debate. O objetivo central é mostrar como se deu a trajetória desses aspectos em território nacional, mencionando alguns dos expressivos pensadores acerca do tema, entre eles: Paulo Sergio Tumolo, Sérgio Lessa, Ademir Quintilio Lazarini, Daniel Rodrigues e João Batista Zanardini. O debate tem como contexto de surgimento a década de 1980 após a ditadura militar, emergindo diante dos meios de veiculação das ideias pedagógicas, sendo que, nesse período não houve um debate propriamente dito, em que se confrontassem essas ideias, configurando-se assim, como um período de elaboração dessas ideias contra-hegemônicas. Conclui-se que, a partir da década de 1990, até os dias atuais, analisamos um contexto de profunda crise nas políticas públicas brasileiras, com o fracasso do socialismo real e a adesão brasileira aos ditames neoliberais, e a isso atribuímos o arrefecimento da discussão em torno do trabalho como princípio educativo, bem como o surgimento de algumas críticas que a ele se referem. Entretanto, essas críticas não propõem soluções práticas, de maneira que a classe trabalhadora possa se organizar mediante a aquisição de um conhecimento sistematizado, diferente disto, até o presente momento têm apenas fomentado publicações no meio acadêmico, e pouco contribuído para a construção de uma educação de qualidade
Abstract: This study aims to bring knowledge to the discussions around the concept of work as an educational principle, making a theoretical construct elaborated by Gramsci, and that we also see in Saviani large appropriations. To this end, we held an exhibition of Brazilian material bases on a historical portrait done of the 1980s to the present day, chosen due to the fact of having begun debate at that time, and throughout history have presented here more, now less visible. Also expounded on how to configure education in this period, for us to understand in what context gives himself to the preparation of these works. As methodological framework, we will use the dialectical historical materialism, understanding that the material conditions traced throughout history in our country allow us to understand the causes of this debate. The main objective is to show how was the trajectory of these aspects in the country, mentioning some of the significant thinkers on the subject, among them: Paulo Sergio Tumolo, Sergio Lessa, Ademir Quintilio Lazarini, Daniel Rodrigues and João Batista Zanardini. The debate has as contexto of outset the 1980s after the military dictatorship, emerging on the means of disclosure of the pedagogical ideas, and in this period there was no proper debate in which confront these ideas, and has thus, as a period of elaboration these counter-hegemonic ideas. It is concluded that , from the 1990s to the present day, we analyse the context of deep crisis in Brazilian public policies, with the failure of socialism and the Brazilian adherence to the neoliberal dictates, and this we attribute the cooling the discussion around work as an educational principle, as well as the emergence of some criticism that refer to it. However, these criticisms do not propose practical solutions so that the working class can be organized through the acquisition of systematized knowledge, different from this, until the present moment,has only fostered publications in academic circles, and little contributed to the construction of a quality education
Mestrado
Filosofia e História da Educação
Mestra em Educação
39
Shen-Miller, Seraphine. "Materialism and psychosocial maladjustment : what accounts for the relation? /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10233.
40
Pehrson, Mattias, and Sjöström Jenny. "Gymnasiekillars värderingar : -utifrån materialism och postmaterialism samt skolans värdegrund." Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Education, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-1790.
Анотація:
Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka gymnasiekillars värderingar utifrån begreppen materialism och postmaterialism samt vår tolkning av skolans värdegrund. En enkätundersökning gjordes på två gymnasieskolor, där den ena var kvinnodominerad och den andra var mansdominerad. Totalt deltog 74 gymnasiekillar. Resultaten visade att killarnas värderingar nästan låg mittemellan postmaterialism och materialism med en liten dragning åt det tidigare. Ingen direkt skillnad mellan skolorna kunde ses vad gäller postmaterialism. Resultaten visade också att killarna överlag låg ganska nära värdegrunden. Här fanns det dock en signifikant skillnad mellan skolorna i det att killarna på den kvinnodominerade låg närmare värdegrunden än killarna på den mansdominerade skolan.
41
Ives, Peter R. "Vernacular materialism, Antonio Gramsci and the theory of language." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0008/NQ33534.pdf.
42
Tan, Joseph Benedict Huang. "Marx, historical materialism and the Asiatic mode of production." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ61502.pdf.
43
Meek, William David Berkel LaVerne A. "Pathways to materialism examining self-esteem as a moderator /." Diss., UMK access, 2007.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Education. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2007."A dissertation in counseling psychology." Advisor: LaVerne A. Berkel. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Jan. 24, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-98). Online version of the print edition.
44
Berliant, Taylor. "Ganas and the Swan: American Materialism in Mathematics Education." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/167.
Анотація:
Math is a unique subject. It is a different type of thinking for many people. Even though topics in math are separate, math is seen as a whole unlike many other subjects. Science, literature, history, art, languages, and physical education, the subjects, in addition to math, that make up the typical high school curriculum, are hardly ever referred to without additional labeling. Many of the subjects even contain topics with nearly incomparable material. The idea of math as a whole, at least in high school, is not completely untrue. A lot of the topics rely on the knowledge of previous material. Also, quantitative thinking, which is the primary way of thinking in math, is believed to be a genetic predisposition, thus those people who are considered math people, possess that quality in any topic. While the subject material builds off earlier topics, the concepts at each level tend to be their own. And even though there is a more apparent range of inherent math ability, it does not need to have a bearing on mathematical success.
45
Tim, Landfeldt. "Att rädda det förgångna : Om Walter Benjamins historiska materialism." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24361.
Анотація:
The present essay concerns Walter Benjamin’s thought regarding history and temporality as he articulated it in his last work that was only published posthumously: ”Über den Begriff der Geschichte”. The purpose is to analyze Benjamin’s construction of historical materialism and to suggest a reading of it as directed towards an opening of history. For Walter Benjamin, every moment presents itself as a possibility of radical otherness: a possibility for things to be different. In this essay, I therefore want to concentrate on key concepts constituting such possibility, namely, remembrance [Eingedenken] and redemption [Erlösung]. I will further examine their relation to the specific experience of the past. Following Benjamin, in this essay I am constructing a critique of positivist concepts of linear time and Marxist teleology in regard to history and temporality. Another purpose is to establish an alternative concept of history and temporality as it is to be found in Benjamin’s own thought. Furthermore, the essay seeks to engage in a dialog with Benjamin’s historical reflection in an attempt of capturing the Benjaminian concepts of dialectical image and now-time [Jetztzeit] and by doing this to envisage a genuine break from the notion of historical progress. In presenting such a break as a possibility of opening up history, I seek to raise the question of political action [Aktion]. As demonstrated in the essay, the notion of action, its ethics and politics, is to be found, both implicitly and explicitly, in the way Benjamin develops the persona of the historical materialist and in his concept of redemption, but the analysis must start with a thorough investigation of the concept of remembrance [Eingedenken], without which Benjamin’s meaning cannot be understood.
46
Davenport, Andrew. "At the limit : on realism, materialism and international theory." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/39737/.
Анотація:
Central to Realism's framing of the international are its conception of the inside/outside structure of political form and the idea of a state of nature. This thesis provides a materialist critique of these conceptions. Its starting point is that the Marxist criticism of Realism has fallen short because Marxism in IR has constructed no theory of the political and as a result it has been unable to answer Realism's perception of the ‘tragic' and unchanging nature of international political existence. To remedy this deficiency, the thesis both establishes an alternative understanding of Marx for IR and draws upon Adorno's extension and deepening of Marxian critical theory. The argument next elaborates a reading of Marx's theory of capital that reveals a considerable degree of hitherto unappreciated thematic congruence with Realism's understanding of the international as a timeless scene of entrapment. It then mobilises Adorno's philosophical anthropology to explain this similarity, focusing on the critical accounts of abstraction in both Marx and Adorno. Finally, it uses these theoretical elements to address the question of political form directly, taking up specific aspects of Carl Schmitt's, Giorgio Agamben's and Walter Benjamin's thinking concerning sovereignty and the exception and reading them through the frame of Adorno's critique of the concept. The result is a critical theory of political form that: (i) can explain, without conceding to, the Realist conceptions both of the necessary inside/outside structure of the political and of the international as a timeless state of nature; and (ii) can demonstrate an instrinsic theoretical connection between the global nature of capital and the bounded and delimited form of the political in a way that has not been achieved before in IR.
47
Faith, Joe. "Emergent representations : dialectical materialism and the philosophy of mind." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313968.
48
Burns, Michael. "A fractured dialectic : Søren Kierkegaard between idealism and materialism." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c0e0aea4-33cd-42ee-aa0d-29e799f47fa6.
Анотація:
This thesis aims to consider the contemporary relevance of the philosophical and religious project of Søren Kierkegaard by offering a systematic reading of his work against the backdrop of 19th century German idealism. Along with an emphasis on a systematic interpretation of a thinker usually considered to be wholly anti-systematic in aim and orientation, I also aim to show that through developing an ontological interpretation of the work of Kierkegaard the grounds are also created to develop a social and political interpretation of his work. Ultimately, I use the ontological and political reading of Kierkegaard developed in this work to not only show the relevance of this project to contemporary materialist philosophy, but equally to show how this version of Kierkegaard is capable of offering some crucial correctives to contemporary materialism.
49
Welty, Donald Robert. "The roles of spirituality and materialism in my painting." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1303327430.
50
Sitek, Jessica Lynn. "DUALISM VS. MATERIALISM; TWO INADEQUATE PICTURES OF HUMAN NATURE." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/94023.
Анотація:
ReligionM.A.
This discussion aims to demonstrate how the project of identifying the nature of humanity is ongoing. The dominant models have their own flaws to contend with, and in the end we are still left uncertain of what constitutes our nature. Of the two views vying for prominence (dualism vs. materialism) neither is indubitable, nevertheless their are faithful proponents on each side. In a debate of belief vs. theory we see these seemingly disparate realms come together in a resignation to faith that their option is an adequate representation of human nature.
Temple University--Theses