Статті в журналах: "Materiali naturali"

1

Olivito, Renato S., and Rosamaria Codispoti. "Natural Fiber Composites for Structural Strengthening of Constructions." Key Engineering Materials 916 (April 7, 2022): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-qg327p.

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Negli ultimi anni vengono studiate le fibre naturali di origine vegetale come lino, juta, canapa, basalto oltre a quelle derivate dal bambù o dall'ananas, per le loro molteplici proprietà. Tra i principali vantaggi che hanno, ricordiamo: la grande disponibilità in natura; sono rinnovabili, hanno una bassa densità e un costo contenuto, nonché proprietà meccaniche che li rendono interessanti per la realizzazione di materiali compositi fibrorinforzati. Sono utilizzati da tempo in vari settori dell'ingegneria: dall'automotive e aerospaziale all'ingegneria civile per la realizzazione di pannelli, pareti ecc. Attualmente l'attenzione è stata focalizzata sulla possibilità di utilizzarli come materiali di rinforzo su strutture in muratura. Il continuo e crescente interesse per la conservazione dei beni storici richiede sistemi di rinforzo di facile utilizzo e affidabili con relative metodologie di calcolo che permettano di valutare la capacità delle strutture murarie esistenti e rinforzate. Tuttavia, i modelli analitici applicabili alle strutture in muratura armata non sono stati sviluppati allo stesso livello di quelli per altri materiali da costruzione moderni. In particolare, esiste un divario tra i risultati sperimentali di elementi murari armati con sistemi innovativi ei risultati ottenuti da modelli analitici. Tutto ciò ha ostacolato un'analisi completa dell'approccio sperimentale che può fornire un prezioso contributo a metodi di progettazione eccessivamente conservativi per soluzioni di rinforzo innovative. Nel presente lavoro, al fine di validarne l'efficacia vengono mostrati i risultati di un'ampia campagna sperimentale per la caratterizzazione meccanica di compositi con fibre naturali e la loro applicazione ad elementi strutturali in muratura, in diverse condizioni di carico applicato e geometrie murarie. Parole chiave: Fibre naturali – Compositi – FRCM - Massoneria

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2

Cappelletto, Chiara. "Le metamorfosi del classico: corpi naturali, artefatti materiali e nuove pseudomorfosi." Rivista di estetica, no. 67 (April 1, 2018): 197–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/estetica.2830.

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3

Mannoni, Tiziano, and Anna Boato. "Archeologia e storia del cantiere di costruzione." Arqueología de la Arquitectura, no. 1 (December 30, 2002): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/arq.arqt.2002.5.

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La storia dell’architettura per più di duecento anni ha cercato di capire la costruzione attraverso le fonti scritte, raggiungendo in ciò una notevole specializzazione. La assai più recente archeologia dell’architettura sta cercando di far parlare il costruito stesso sulla sua storia, ivi compresa quella del cantiere di costruzione. I dati archeologici (sequenze stratigrafiche, datazioni archeologiche, materiali e tecniche costruttive), fatti dialogare con i dati archeometrici (orologi naturali, provenienze, caratteristiche e rarità dei materiali), secondo le regole della cultura materiale (apprendimento e trasmissione del saper fare empirico), permettono di affrontare la conoscenza delle scelte effettuate dai costruttori, le loro possibilità e le loro motivazioni (critica archeologica). E’ a questo punto che la ricerca fa un vero salto di qualità e di quantità se si rileggono con l’occhio dell’archeologo i dati scritti provenienti dai contratti di costruzione, dai permessi pubblici, dalla contabilità del cantiere e dalle stime e perizie delle opere compiute.

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4

Paradiso, Michele, José Fernando Muñoz Robledo, Bianca Galmarini, and Valentina D’Ippolito. "LA GUADUA E L’INFORMALE. LA CONOSCENZA STRUTTURALE E LA QUALIFICAZIONE DEI MATERIALI NATURALI NEL BARRIO DE INVASIÓN NUEVA ESPERANZA, KM41, MANIZALES, COLOMBIA." Revista M 15 (August 16, 2019): 48–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15332/rev.m.v15i0.2178.

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Nueva Esperanza è un insediamento di tipo informale situato nella regione andina colombiana, nel Dipartimento di Caldas, a cavallo del Río Cauca e sulla via che collega Manizales a Medellín. Come occupazione autogestita con ambizione di legalizzazione, è un modello non estraneo alla gestione colombiana, la cui emergenza abitativa è il risultato dell’instabilità politica e della lunga condizione di guerriglia, concentrata soprattutto in scenario rurale. Il lavoro che presentiamo investiga le forme dell’abitare sviluppatesi in questa comunità, alla luce delle differenti origini sociali e geografiche, formazione e competenze dei residenti. L’oggetto della ricerca è lo studio delle modalità di autocostruzione delle abitazioni in materiali locali (guadua angustifolia) e dell’efficacia delle soluzioni tecniche e costruttive adottate in tale contesto. Conseguente ai risultati dell’attività di rilievo e restituzione dei manufatti architettonici è l’individuazione di tre casi studio rappresentativi per diversi livelli di qualità d’esecuzione, qualità di conservazione, complessità della composizione. Si intravede, allora, un progetto ex novo che assolverà alla duplice intenzione di realizzare un luogo di socializzazione (ad oggi assente) e di sperimentare un cantiere autogestito a scopo didattico, per la valorizzazione del materiale e della tecnologia opportuna al fine di una ricostruzione consapevole delle abitazioni.

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5

Bertozzi, Marco. "Mentre Accade e Gia Futuro: Il Cinema di Yervant Gianikian e Angela Ricci Lucchi." Revista Laika 4, no. 7 (May 18, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-4077.v4i7p16-24.

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Mentre il documentario tradizionale utilizza le immagini quali portatrici di realtà naturali - in una probatorietà che avviluppa il pensiero critico nell’illusione della pura referenzialità – il cinema di Gianikian e Ricci Lucchi apre all’idea che le immagini possano/debbano significare “ancora”. E “altro”. Se il cinema contemporaneo diviene progressivamente un giacimento di sguardi meticci le pratiche del riciclo di Gianikian e Ricci Lucchi godono di una esemplarietà unica. In essa l’analisi storico-filologica dei materiali di partenza è momento preliminare, non mero escamotage all’atto trasformativo. Origine, dispositivo, immagine, corpo sono termini in fibrillazione, piattaforme per ri-lanci ermeneutici di un’immaginazione storiografica in cui i film dimenticati ritrovano una verità contemporanea: la nuova possibilità di significazione esce dalla dimensione archeologica e indaga, e mostra, il processo che ha portato l’immagine a perdere valore. Per poi recuperarlo, facendo deflagrare nuove significazioni.

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6

Bertozzi, Marco. "Mentre Accade e Gia Futuro: Il Cinema di Yervant Gianikian e Angela Ricci Lucchi." Revista Laika 4, no. 7 (May 18, 2021): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-4077.v4i7p34-42.

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Mentre il documentario tradizionale utilizza le immagini quali portatrici di realtà naturali - in una probatorietà che avviluppa il pensiero critico nell’illusione della pura referenzialità – il cinema di Gianikian e Ricci Lucchi apre all’idea che le immagini possano/debbano significare “ancora”. E “altro”. Se il cinema contemporaneo diviene progressivamente un giacimento di sguardi meticci le pratiche del riciclo di Gianikian e Ricci Lucchi godono di una esemplarietà unica. In essa l’analisi storico-filologica dei materiali di partenza è momento preliminare, non mero escamotage all’atto trasformativo. Origine, dispositivo, immagine, corpo sono termini in fibrillazione, piattaforme per ri-lanci ermeneutici di un’immaginazione storiografica in cui i film dimenticati ritrovano una verità contemporanea: la nuova possibilità di significazione esce dalla dimensione archeologica e indaga, e mostra, il processo che ha portato l’immagine a perdere valore. Per poi recuperarlo, facendo deflagrare nuove significazioni.

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7

Pettenati, Giacomo. "La rinaturalizzazione del cibo in Valposchiavo: ecologia politica di una ‘valle bio'." RIVISTA GEOGRAFICA ITALIANA, no. 2 (June 2021): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rgioa2-2021oa12037.

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Il rapporto tra cibo e natura è caratterizzato, da alcuni decenni, dall'intreccio di due processi materiali e simbolici: la de-naturalizzazione delle filiere agro-industriali, che ha apparentemente ‘liberato' la produzione di cibo dai processi naturali, e la ri-naturalizzazione, associata al quality turn, che ha recentemente trasformato le filiere agroalimentari e i consumi. Questo contributo approfondisce le relazioni tra cibo e natura a partire dall'analisi dei processi in corso da alcuni anni in Valposchiavo (Svizzera), dove la sostenibilità ambientale delle filiere agroalimentari è al centro delle strategie di sviluppo locale e marketing territoriale. L'analisi utilizza le chiavi di lettura dell'ecologia politica del cibo (food political ecology), che consente di approfondire e analizzare criticamente la complessità e ladimensione politica di tali processi.

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8

Romeo, Emanuele. "Memoria dell’antico e nuove funzioni museali compatibili Alcune riflessioni sul patrimonio industriale legato alla produzione di elettricità." Labor e Engenho 11, no. 4 (December 26, 2017): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/labore.v11i4.8651199.

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Il patrimonio industriale legato all’energia elettrica è rappresentato da una serie di complessi architettonici fortemente stratificati, caratterizzati da diverse soluzioni tecniche, formali e distributive che si sono sovrapposte l'una all'altra, quando necessario, per ragioni legate all’innovazione tecnologia e ai cambiamenti nei processi produttivi. In realtà, sono proprio queste stratificazioni (aggiunte, cambiamenti d'uso, abbandoni momentanei e riusi, accompagnati da adeguamenti architettonici e tecnologici) che conferiscono ai complessi industriali particolare valore di memoria. Infatti, è proprio la continua trasformazione di funzioni e di elementi tecnologici a rappresentare “l'essenza” di questa particolare produzione edilizia. Dalla nascita delle prime fabbriche fino ad oggi, gli edifici industriali hanno cambiato rapidamente la loro forma architettonica e la loro consistenza sia materica sia formale assecondando le esigenze lavorative e produttive. Per questo motivo oggi abbiamo l'opportunità di leggere una "storia dell'architettura" rappresentata da una sequenza di tecnologie e materiali sostituiti di continuo o stratificatisi, in un abaco di elementi relativi alla sperimentazione del calcestruzzo armato, del ferro, della ghisa, dell’acciaio; oppure riguardanti l’utilizzo di grandi superfici di vetro o coperture a shed; o ancora relativi all'uso di fonti energetiche naturali e artificiali. Molte esperienze europee di restauro e riuso degli edifici industriali legati alla produzione di energia, hanno già considerato tale approccio come una delle migliori scelte volte a una conservazione che possa definirsi compatibile: la scelta delle nuove funzioni è dettata, infatti, non tanto dalle esigenze economiche e d’uso, ma dalla flessibilità dell'edificio ad accogliere sostanziali adeguamenti tecnici, energetici, funzionali. Ciò con l’obiettivo di raggiungere un giusto equilibrio tra il rispetto della memoria storica e la necessità di adattarsi alle normative riguardanti l’adeguamento energetico e le nuove funzioni richieste dalla popolazione, raggiungendo una sostenibilità sociale, culturale e ambientale.

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9

Hübner, Günter. "Natural and synthetic raw materials for technical ceramics." European Journal of Mineralogy 3, no. 4 (August 27, 1991): 651–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/3/4/0651.

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10

Konchits, A. A. "Spectroscopical study of natural nanostructured carbonaceous material shungite." Functional materials 21, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm21.03.260.

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11

Binhussain, Mohammed A., and Esmat Hamzawy. "Synthetic White Marble-Like Material Produced from Natural Raw Materials." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 39, no. 1 (December 3, 2013): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-013-0917-2.

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12

Erkmen, Jülide, Halil Ibrahim Yavuz, Erbil Kavci, and Mihriban Sari. "A new environmentally friendly insulating material designed from natural materials." Construction and Building Materials 255 (September 2020): 119357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119357.

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13

Гальчинская, Ольга, Елена Васильева та Калина Пашкевич. "Использование техники плетения из природных материалов в искусстве ленд-арт". Revistă de Ştiinţe Socio-Umane = Journal of Social and Human Sciences 44, № 1 (2020): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/jshs.2020.v44.i1.p95-106.

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The purpose of the article is to study land-art objects created using the weaving technique from natural materials; the types of techniques and materials used by artists to create installations are identified. The modern trends of this direction of art are investigated. Artists use for land-art objects various techniques: weaving, reed weaving, straw weaving etc. The main trends in modern land-art are the use of environmental, natural materials, reproduction of ethnic techniques and methods create art objects.

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14

Golubev, Yevgeny A., Sergey I. Isaenko, Alexander S. Prikhodko, Nikolay I. Borgardt, and Elenai Suvorova. "Raman spectroscopic study of natural nanostructured carbon materials: shungitevs. anthraxolite." European Journal of Mineralogy 28, no. 3 (September 23, 2016): 545–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2016/0028-2537.

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15

Okumura, Taiga, Hye-jin Kim, Jin-wook Kim, and Toshihiro Kogure. "Sulfate-containing calcite: crystallographic characterization of natural and synthetic materials." European Journal of Mineralogy 30, no. 5 (October 31, 2018): 929–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2018/0030-2772.

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16

Kupka, Tomasz "Tomi." "Nature-inspired Material – A Step Ahead in Dental Materials." International Annals of Science 12, no. 1 (November 29, 2022): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ias.12.1.31-46.

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Glass-ionomer is first choice widely used biomaterial in caries disease. The evolution of dental material science includes insertion of new components into conventional material. A literature-based review outline of biomaterials for dental restorations development was presented in nature-inspired context. This article is a tribute to the entire research community, for all listed and unlisted, involved throughout the ages in the science of dental materials with the key inventions and milestones for humanity well-being on Earth. Results. Since the Neolithic, the human mind has been seeking for a matter to replace missing tooth tissue imitating/mimicking natural organ in appearance and function, what we call biomimetic/biomimicry approach. However, this restoring philosophy does not refer to the natural composition of hard tooth tissues. Possibly, there is another one concept of drawing inspiration from nature for the design of future dental materials. Nature-inspired synthesis goes beyond aesthetic/and anatomical similarities, and delves into the mechanistic, physico-chemical features or structure-phase of natural systems. In this context, pure glass-ionomer might be taken into consideration as a starting material. However, the search for synthetic nature-inspired mesomaterial with a structural-phase composition analogous to enamel/dentine/cementum, transforming into the original host hard tissues, should focus on elongated hydroxyapatite dipole control for creating and organizing into enamel prisms, and the interwoven alignment of perpendicular clusters/bunches in a picket-fence resembling three-dimensional order. The results of previous studies confirming the possibility of the formation of apatite-enamel-like tissue in glass-ionomer are promising. The concept of inclusion of calcium phosphate nanocrystals/substitution of glass filler seems to be forward-looking. The future role of polyelectrolyte organic matrix based on synthetic tooth polypeptides crosslinked with modified analogues of natural adhesives is still undiscovered.

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17

Öztürk, Aslıhan, and Deniz Bayrak. "ANAOKULLARINDAKİ DOĞAL MEKÂN VE MATERYALLERİN ÇOCUK GELİŞİMİNDEKİ YERİ." e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy 12, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/nwsa.2017.12.1.3c0155.

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18

Subochev, I. G., N. V. Pitak, and I. V. Eremina. "Natural aluminosilicate raw material for production of mullite-silica fiber materials." Refractories 32, no. 7-8 (July 1991): 362–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01282014.

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19

Dal Palù, Doriana Dal, and Beatrice Lerma. "How Natural Are the “Natural” Materials? Proposal for a Quali-Quantitative Measurement Index of Naturalness in the Environmental Sustainability Context." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (February 28, 2023): 4349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054349.

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The overall purpose of the paper is overcoming the misunderstanding of the “naturalness” attribute of materials. This is due to the always-increasing innovative materials considered “environmentally sustainable” and “natural” by producers, material libraries, and designers. The investigated research problem is: how to simply and effectively evaluate the degree of naturalness of a material, preventing a complete and complex LCA analysis? The basic design of the study was focused on (i) creating a multicriteria quali-quantitative method—Material Naturalness Index (MNI)— in order to assess materials’ naturalness scientifically, and (ii) test it by running the evaluation on 60 innovative materials. MNI was set considering the least number of parameters of the Material Life Cycle (i.e., resource kingdom, material resource, material processing, post-use processing). The 60 latest materials selected from the “natural” material family of six international material libraries were selected to test the index. The data analysis was based on the Theory of Attractive Quality, considering attractive, must-be, or reverse qualities. Major findings concerning the index utility were found as a result. MNI was demonstrated to support different actors with different aims: (i) designers, in independently evaluating naturalness of materials using real evidence and pursuing a critical point of view not influenced by marketing claims; (ii) producers, in facing the challenge of naturalness; (iii) material libraries, which are collocated between the two other actors, in proposing measurable information concerning naturalness. In conclusion, the study demonstrated how the key-concept of “naturalness” should be assumed as an attribute rather than as a material family.

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20

Crocker, J. "Natural materials." Materials Technology 23, no. 3 (September 2008): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/175355508x373378.

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21

Maulinda, Ikramullah Zein, and Zulkarnain Jalil. "Identification of Magnetite Material (Fe3O4) Based on Natural Materials as Catalyst for Industrial Raw Material Application." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1232 (September 2019): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1232/1/012054.

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22

Khadykina, E. A., and Z. A. Meretukov. "Composite Material Based on Plant Raw Materials." Materials Science Forum 974 (December 2019): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.974.406.

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Modern global trends show the preferred low-rise construction, even in large cities. Lightweight concrete is the most common material for low-rise construction. Existing lightweight concrete with the wood residues addition have several disadvantages due to the properties of the aggregate. In the southern regions of Russia, walnut grows in large quantities. Only a small part of the shell is processed, the rest is buried in the ground or burned. The proposed aggregate from crushed walnut shell has several advantages compared to the traditional natural organic fillers: low water demand and decay, high strength. The nutshell in the composition has sugars, which are the cement poisons, there are no data in the literature on the crushed shell technical characteristics. Thus, it is required to determine the crushed shell technical characteristics, to choose a processing method reducing the water-soluble sugars amount in the shell, to select the lightweight concrete composition, ensuring its optimal characteristics. The new kind of lightweight concrete will have characteristics different from existing analogues.

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Li, Wenwen, Pu Chen, Bo Xiong, Guandong Liu, Shuliang Dou, Yaohui Zhan, Zhiyuan Zhu, Yao Li, and Wei Ma. "Deep learning modeling strategy for material science: from natural materials to metamaterials." Journal of Physics: Materials 5, no. 1 (March 23, 2022): 014003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2515-7639/ac5914.

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Abstract Computational modeling is a crucial approach in material-related research for discovering new materials with superior properties. However, the high design flexibility in materials, especially in the realm of metamaterials where the sub-wavelength structure provides an additional degree of freedom in design, poses a formidable computational cost in various real-world applications. With the advent of big data, deep learning (DL) brings revolutionary breakthroughs in many conventional machine learning and pattern recognition tasks such as image classification. The accompanied data-driven modeling paradigm also provides transformative methodology shift in materials science, from trial-and-error routine to intelligent material discovery and analysis. This review systematically summarize the application of DL in material science, based on a model selection perspective for both natural materials and metamaterials. The review aims to uncover the logic behind data-model relation with emphasis on suitable data structures for different scenarios in the material study and the corresponding problem-solving DL model architectures.

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24

Zhang, Yaqi, Yao Song, and Jing Luo. "The Effect of Sustainable and Natural Looking on Perceived Aesthetics and Eco-Friendliness in Building Material Evaluation." Buildings 13, no. 2 (February 10, 2023): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020483.

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With the development of material synthesis technology, many artificial materials imitating natural materials have emerged in the construction industry. The processing technology of these materials’ surface imitating natural texture is becoming more and more realistic. Some materials are not made of sustainable material but use natural textures to imitate natural materials, attempting to bring users a sense of being close to nature and ecology to attract consumers to use it. However, the intention of use still depends on the user’s other factors like health, aesthetics, and environmental friendliness of the material. Therefore, the challenge for material manufacturers and designers is to understand people’s perceptions of these materials to increase their acceptance by users. This paper aims to investigate the user’s perception of materials (sustainable-unsustainable) to evaluate their perception of naturalness, environmental friendliness, and aesthetics through the visual senses. A total of 112 participants participated in the experiment which was divided into two groups (professional architects and non-professionals). The judgment of non-professionals on the environmental protection of materials imitating natural skin is relatively accurate, which is almost consistent with the judgment of professionals. Results show the importance of maintaining the naturalness of the surface texture in the material, which can enhance the user’s demand for a natural aesthetic feeling. Therefore, it is important to maintain the naturalness of surface texture in the process of material surface treatment. Users’ natural perception of materials will affect their aesthetic perception of materials.

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25

Hanzlík, P., J. Jehlička, Z. Weishauptová, and O. Šebek. "Adsorption of copper, cadmium and silver from aqueous solutions onto natural carbonaceous materials." Plant, Soil and Environment 50, No. 6 (December 10, 2011): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4030-pse.

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Twelve carbonaceous materials were investigated for adsorption of Cd, Cu and Ag from water solutions. Before the adsorption experiments the chemical and structural characterization of all materials were made. The batch adsorption experiment was used. The kinetic of the adsorption process was very fast for the first five hours but very slow for approximately the next 65 hours. Nevertheless the maximum amount of metal removed was achieved during the first stage of about five hours. Biological materials (milled wood, bark, cork) exhibited a very low affinity for adsorption of metals. The best results were obtained for materials in an intermediate degree of carbonisation with a high content of oxygen rich functional groups. Although the highly carbonised materials exhibited low ability to adsorb copper or cadmium, their capacity to bind silver was very high.

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Sutarmin, Akhmad Darmawan, Siti Nur Azizah, and Dadang Prasetyo Jatmiko. "An empirical evidence: supplier behavior in the natural materials of buyer – supplier relationship." Problems and Perspectives in Management 15, no. 1 (May 10, 2017): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.15(1-1).2017.02.

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This research is a case study belonging to the historical research. The data were taken from the Department of Natural Product Buying and Financial and Controlling XYZ CORP. XYZ CORP is a manufacturing enterprise and exporter of clove oil and its derivatives to the world with a market share of about 55% of the world market. This study aims to empirically examine and study the ethical behavior of suppliers in the ever-changing business environment. The analysis tool used is the Mann Whitney test with SPSS 17.0 software. Based on the survey results it was revealed that for natural raw materials, the average purchase price between the rainy season and the dry season does not differ significantly, but the cost of purchase in the dry season, and the rainy season varies significantly. In this study, the price does not affect the acquisition of raw materials purchased from suppliers. The results of this study also obtained empirical evidence that the trading patterns of natural raw materials are strongly influenced by the behavior or ethics of suppliers, in addition to weather factors or uncertain climate.

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Reddy, P. Sai Vardhan, K. Sravanthi, and S. P. Jani. "Effect of Natural Filler on Natural Fibre Hybrid Composite." Materials Science Forum 1075 (November 30, 2022): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-97q6q5.

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The natural filler material is reinforced along with natural fibers in the composite to improve the quality and property of the component materials based on the requirements and its applications. In this paper, the hybrid composite was developed with Hemp/ Basalt fiber. Various wt% (15%,20%,25%) of Hemp fiber and filler materials were used as reinforcement. The Hemp fiber was surface treated with 5% of KMnO4. The developed hybrid natural fiber composites were performed with various mechanical properties studies like tensile, bending, impact, and Brinell hardness all these tests were performed as per ASTM standards. From the mechanical property study, 25 wt% Hemp fiber hybrid composite hold good mechanical properties compared to all other wt% developed hybrid composite.

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El-Sheikhy, Refat, and Mosleh Al-Shamrani. "Characterizing of Natural Nanoclay/Polyethylene Nanocomposite during Processing Steps." Advanced Materials Research 214 (February 2011): 418–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.214.418.

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Nanocomposite made of clay minerals and polyolefin goes through several steps. During these steps materials will have changes especially in the structure and properties. Then the final material will be of both new structure and properties. These main steps in the manufacturing process will include the stages of preparation of the material components and mixing. The structures of the materials are well characterized at each step. Then, we can understand how the processing steps will affect the structures and mechanism for producing the final nanocomposite material. The results include characterization by SEM, TEM, XRD and EDAX chemical analysis. During the processing, the energy will be changed for both of the initial materials and the final product in addition to the materials properties which will depend on the energy changes. The analysis includes the methods of calculations of energy changes. Then, design suggestions are developed for energy control to produce nanocomposite with certain energy level to carry certain amount of loads. Therefore, the study will provide possibility for pre-control of the lifetime of the produced materials.

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Bien, Tomasz. "Granulation Of Porous Materials with Phase Change Material (PCM)." Budownictwo i Architektura 20, no. 3 (October 29, 2021): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2780.

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The paper describes the research on the method of production of granulated phase-change materials (PCM) used in construction industry for the accumulation of thermal energy. As mineral materials for the granules preparation zeolite from fly ash Na-P1 and natural diatomite dust were used which were impregnated with paraffinic filtration waste and granulated using a combined granulation method. Obtained granules were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Mechanical strength of the materials was determined in a “drop strength” test. Performed analyses revealed that mineral composition and micromorphology of the diatomite and zeolite granules were varied, with zeolite granules having higher mechanical strength.

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Dujak, Davor, Dario Šebalj, and Karolina Kolinska. "CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR MATERIAL AND INFORMATION FLOW OPTIMISATION IN NATURAL GAS SUPPLY CHAIN." DIEM: Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting 6, no. 1 (September 2021): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/diem/2021/1.7.

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Natural gas is third most used fossil fuel and energy resource in the world, with significant increase in its consumption over last 20 years. As a consequence, research in optimisation of its supply chain processes are becoming increasingly significant. This paper aims to develop conceptual framework for material and information flow optimisation in natural gas supply chain and suggests its future use. Based on previous researches on mapping natural gas supply chain, bullwhip effect in natural gas supply chain and simulation models in natural gas supply chain, paper proposes new conceptual framework for material and information flow optimisation in natural gas supply chain. Results of implementation of this framework in natural gas supply chain of Republic of Croatia are presented with all suggestions for improvement explained. Keywords: natural gas supply chain, simulation model, bullwhip effect

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31

Al-Shadidi, Zina. "Moisture and temperature effects on rocks materials and natural erosion energy." University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 21, no. 2 (August 31, 2017): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/uajnas.2017.n2.a20.

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Materials interact with pollutant in a very complex manner, the possibility of erosion, adsorption, desorption, transportation, deposition, and phase change will appear because of the interaction between the pollutant and the material surface. The effect of many other environmental effects also appear, like the effect of rain water in breaking away tiny rock particles (grit productivity). All the actions mentioned or any one of them may causes high damage or weaken the structure. This research highlights the importance of specific physical properties and material weakness, the effect of specific environmental factors (humidity, rain, and temperature) on materials, such as building materials and the potential occurrence places of cracks in the material, by knowing the quality of the material.

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Anton, Adina Mirela, Carla-Cezarina Pădurețu, Cosmina Andreea Marin, Alina-Marieta Simion, Cristian Simion, Francois Kajzar, and Ileana Rău. "Photoresponsive natural materials." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 695, no. 1 (December 12, 2019): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421406.2020.1723904.

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33

Braga, Lilianne Tassinari, Carina Molins Borba, Tabita Veiga Dias Rodrigues, Caroline Costa Moraes, and Janaina Fernandes de Medeiros Burkert. "Microencapsulation by lyophilization of natural carotenoids using different wall materials/ Microencapsulação por liofilização de carotenoides naturais utilizando diferentes materiais de parede." Brazilian Journal of Development 7, no. 7 (July 11, 2021): 70051–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n7-263.

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Due to the biological importance of carotenoids, several works have been developed aiming for the reduction of carotenoid degradation, and one notable proposed alternative has been the formation of microcapsules. Therefore, the aim of the current paper was the microencapsulation of carotenogenic extracts from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Sporidiobolus pararoseus by a lyophilization method utilizing gum arabic, xanthan gum, sodium alginate and soy protein-like wall materials. The gum arabic showed the greatest efficiency of encapsulation for the R. mucilaginosa (66.3±0.8 %) and S. pararoseus (91.4±0.9 %) carotenogenic extracts, while the soy protein showed the lowest efficiency of encapsulation (40.7±1.1 % for R. mucilaginosa and 68.5±1.5 % for S. pararoseus). Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed irregular structure formation that was independent of the material utilized for the encapsulation. In this way, it was possible to observe that the wall materials directly affect the encapsulation efficiencies, morphology, and thermal behavior of the capsules of natural carotenoids.

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Esenbekova, Perizat, Т. О. Altynbek, and М. B. Zhaksybayev. "Materials for the aquatic hemiptera (Heteroptera) fauna of the Charyn State National Natural Park." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series” 100, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2020bmg4/52-57.

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As a result of research in 2019, 21 species out of 7 families of Hemoptera were identified in the Charyn State National Natural Park. From these species composition, 14 species are zoophages; the remaining 7 species are zoophytophages. Identified all species have a wide selection of hunting objects, feed on aquatic invertebrates, including regulating the numbers of blood-sucking mosquito larvae (Culicidae). The main purpose of the research is to identify the species composition of the aquatic hemiptera Charyn State National Natural Park. Here, a systematic special study of the fauna of the aquatic hemiptera was not carried out before. Only 2 articles on half-winged animals have been published. Aquatic Hemiptera insects by species diversity and environmental features are one of the groups most suitable for its use in various environmental studies; they are well adapted to various environmental conditions.

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35

Kevin, MARIETTE, and OKUYAMA Keichi. "Impact of the materials strength of a small satellite structure on its natural frequencies." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2016 (2016): S1920104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2016.s1920104.

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36

Xadjibaev, D., and F. Erkabaev. "SELECTION OF MINERAL RAW MATERIAL FIELDS FOR GLAUCONITE SORPTION MATERIALS." Technical science and innovation 2021, no. 1 (May 10, 2021): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.51346/tstu-02.21.1-77-0002.

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Natural minerals, such as bentonite, kaolinite, biotite, vermiculite, and glauconite, which have sufficiently high performance properties in the softening of industrial and waste water, softening and cleaning of heavy metals, are promising. To study the physical and chemical properties of glauconites from various deposits of the country, samples of glauconite mineral were brought from the Parkent, Bukhara, and Karakalpak mountain reserves, their physical and chemical properties were studied, compared with each other, and the optimal reserve was selected. The reserves of these deposits are sufficient and have the potential for industrial development. The purpose of this study is to compare samples of natural mineral reserves of glauconite and select the optimal deposit for raw materials. Methodology. Samples of glauconite minerals from the Parkent, Bukhara and Karakalpak mines were taken as the object of the study. Chemical, mineralogical, and thermal analyses were performed on the samples, and the fractional composition was determined. Scientific novelty. The main part of the mineral glauconite (50-55%) in the raw material is found in fractions of 0.08-0.125 mm. The most suitable raw material was the Parkent glauconite deposit, which has a relatively high content of potassium, which tends to exchange with other metals during the sorption process. The received data. Based on the conducted experiments, samples of glauconites from Parkent, Bukhara, and Karakalpak were subjected to chemical and mineralogical analyses. The maximum amount of the mineral glauconite was found in the fractions of the raw material (less than 0.125 mm). The most suitable deposit of raw materials for processing the mineral glauconite was selected and an environmentally friendly adsorbent was obtained.

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37

Aminudin, Ilham Rizqi, and Sovian Aritonang. "Potential of natural fiber composite materials for bulletproof vest applications." Defense and Security Studies 4 (January 20, 2023): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/dss.v4.id222.

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The bulletproof vest material that is often used is a composite material. Composites are a mixture of two or more material elements, with different mechanical properties, which aim to obtain new materials that have better mechanical properties than the constituent materials. One alternative mixture of materials in composite materials is to use natural fibers as a substitute for kevlar fibers. In Indonesia, which has a tropical climate, natural fibers are very easy to obtain from various kinds of plants found in Indonesia. Along with the many plants obtained, a lot of waste is also produced because of this. So research was conducted on the utilization of the potential of natural fibers for alternative composites. With the experimental method, from the results of the experiment, the results obtained from the five natural fibers that have been discussed, namely pineapple leaf fiber, water hyacinth fiber, bark fiber, hemp fiber, and bamboo fiber, only pineapple leaf fiber has not met the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) standard, while the other four natural fibers have met the NIJ standard for bulletproof vests.

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38

Sánchez, A. "PREPARATION OF ZEOLITIC MATERIAL USING NATURAL CLINOPTILOLITE FOR CO2 CAPTURE." Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 17, no. 2 (March 26, 2018): 573–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbi/revmexingquim/2018v17n2/sanchez.

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39

Sánchez, A. "PREPARATION OF ZEOLITIC MATERIAL USING NATURAL CLINOPTILOLITE FOR CO2 CAPTURE." Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 17, no. 2 (March 26, 2018): 573–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbi/revmexingquim/2018v17n2/sancheza.

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40

Arshad, Khubaib, Mikael Skrifvars, Vera Vivod, Julija Volmajer Valh, and Bojana Vončina. "Biodegradation of Natural Textile Materials in Soil." Tekstilec 57, no. 2 (June 3, 2014): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14502/tekstilec2014.57.118-132.

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41

Arshad, Khubaib, Mikael Skrifvars, Vera Vivod, Julija Volmajer Valh, and Bojana Vončina. "Biodegradation of Natural Textile Materials in Soil." Tekstilec 57, no. 2 (June 3, 2014): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14502/tekstilec2014.57.118-132.

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42

Fordzyun, Yuriy, Olga Andreyeva, and Lesia Maistrenko. "Level of Comfort: Artificial and Natural Shoe Materials. A Comprehensive Assessment." Key Engineering Materials 559 (June 2013): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.559.25.

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Hygroscopicity, moisture return, wetting, capillarity and water vapour permeability of materials were studied in shoes linings and insoles made of natural and artificial leather. It was established that liquid-based and final finishing deteriorate hygienic properties of natural leather to a great extend. With the use of obtained results, a new graphically-numerical method was tested in assessment of shoe material comfortability, the materials that have direct contact with the human foot. According to the method, the ratio between pentagon areas of material tested and reference material is taken as quantitative indicator of quality.

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43

Ramu, S., and N. Senthilkumar. "Approaches of material selection, alignment and methods of fabrication for natural fiber polymer composites: A review." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 14, no. 2 (June 18, 2022): 490–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v14i2.3351.

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The recent superiority of the composite materials is cautiously focusing on environmental adoption of natural fiber composites. The major source of the natural fiber materials covered in the globe, especially natural fibers, is plant-based, animal-based and mineral-based. Eco friendly based material can save the environment and recycling of the material is possible, as well as important criteria. Hence engineers ultimately focused on natural fiber polymer matrix materials to save the environment, pollution control, plastic manipulation, etc. The literature work was studied to identify natural fiber material possession. The major goal of the present review was to identify material characterization and appropriate application, mainly offering to enhance mechanical properties, flexural strength, electrical properties, thermal properties etc. The major consequence of the natural fiber is hydrophilic treatment. There is poor interfacial adhesion between the addition/filling substances and poor mechanical characteristics. All of these shortcomings constitute a critical issue. This review presents numerous sorts of natural and synthetic polymers, natural fibres such as jute, ramie, banana, pineapple leaf fibre, and kenaf, etc.; short and long fibre loading methods, fibre fillers in micro and nanoparticle, American society of testing and materials (ASTM) standard plate dimensions, fabrication methods such as hand lay-up process, spray lay-up process, vacuumed-bag, continuous pultrusion, and pulforming process, etc.; industries and home appliances such as automotive parts, building construction, sports kits, domestic goods, and electronic devices. The review lists various material combinations, fibre loading, fillers, and matrix that can aid in the improvement of material properties and the reduction of failures during mechanical testing of composites.

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44

Shen, Jian Yun, Wei Min Lin, Hitoshi Ohmori, and Xi Peng Xu. "Mechanism of Surface Formation for Natural Granite Grinding." Key Engineering Materials 304-305 (February 2006): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.304-305.161.

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In the present study, zirconia ceramic, crystal and two typical natural granites were ELID ground on a precision grinding machine under the same condition. The surface appearances during the grinding process with different mesh size metal bonded diamond wheels were examined to describe the formation of finely finished granite surfaces. According to the detailed micro-observation of ground surfaces, it can be concluded that the material removal mechanism of the main mineral components for natural granites are really similar to other brittle materials during ELID grinding process. However, the differences of material performances cause the granite materials to be larger critical grain depth of cut and more ductile during finely grinding.

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45

Willför, Stefan, Kenneth Sundberg, Maija Tenkanen, and Bjarne Holmbom. "Spruce-derived mannans – A potential raw material for hydrocolloids and novel advanced natural materials." Carbohydrate Polymers 72, no. 2 (May 2008): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.08.006.

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46

Wyler, A., R. T. Markus, H. J. Wagner, and B. de Castro. "A new class of composite materials: Matrix auto-reinforced organic material–MARIOM." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 8 (August 1992): 1990–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.1990.

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A sort of composite material can be produced from a single kind of natural organic fiber. This has been observed with bovine leather. During the formation process in a die particulated leather fibers were subjected for a period of about 6 min to a pressure of over 100 bar at a processing temperature of between 60 and 200 °C. In this way a portion of these collagenous fibers was plastically deformed and converted into continuous matrix material in which unconverted fibers act as matrix reinforcement. Round, collagenous fibers assumed an angular cross section and became the building blocks of the continuous matrix. This is clearly visible on pictures made with a scanning electron microscope. At a processing temperature of 70 °C and a pressure of 650 bar, applied for 6 min, the maximum compression strength at room temperature is found to be 185 MPa. At these processing parameters Young's modulus is about 2.4 GPa and the bulk density is 1350 kg/m3. Other natural fibers, to be used as organic raw material for the production of composites, are currently under investigation.

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47

Adamczyk, Jakub, Paweł Ramos, and Barbara Pilawa. "Effect of microwave power on EPR spectra of natural and synthetic dental biocompatible materials." Nukleonika 60, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nuka-2015-0080.

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Abstract Paramagnetic centers in the two exemplary synthetic and natural dental biocompatible materials applied in implantology were examined by the use of an X-band (9.3 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The EPR spectra were measured in the range of microwave power 2.2–70 mW. The aims of this work were to compare paramagnetic centers concentrations in different dental biocompatible materials and to determine the effect of microwave power on parameters of their EPR spectra. It is the very first and innovatory examination of paramagnetic centers in these materials. It was pointed out that paramagnetic centers existed in both natural (~1018 spin/g) and synthetic (~1019 spin/g) dental biocompatible materials, but the lower free radical concentration characterized the natural sample. Continuous microwave saturation of EPR spectra indicated that faster spin-lattice relaxation processes existed in synthetic dental biocompatible materials than in natural material. Linewidths (ΔBpp) of the EPR spectra of the natural dental material slightly increased for the higher microwave powers. Such effect was not observed for the synthetic material. The broad EPR lines (ΔBpp): 2.4 mT, 3.9 mT, were measured for the natural and synthetic dental materials, respectively. Probably strong dipolar interactions between paramagnetic centers in the studied samples may be responsible for their line broadening. EPR spectroscopy is the useful experimental method in the examination of paramagnetic centers in dental biocompatible materials.

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48

binti Mohd, Nurul Farah Adibah, Taufik Roni Sahroni, and Mohammad Hafizudin Abd Kadir. "Feasibility Study of Casted Natural Fibre-LM6 Composites for Engineering Application." Advanced Materials Research 903 (February 2014): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.903.67.

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This paper presents the investigation of casted natural fiber-LM6 composites for engineering application. The objective of this research is to study the feasibility of natural fibre to introduce in the metal matrix composites for sand casting process. LM6 is the core material used in this research while natural fibre used as composite materials as well as to remain the hardness of the materials. The preparation of natural fibre composites was proposed to introduce in metal matrix composite material. Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and kenaf fibre were used in the experimental work. Natural fibre is reinforced in the LM6 material by using metal casting process with open mould technique. LM6 material was melted using induction furnace which required 650°C for melting point. The structure and composition of the composite materials is determined using EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray) to show that fibres are absent on the surface of LM6. The microstructure of casted natural fibre-LM6 composites was presented using Zeiss Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with an accelerating voltage of 15kV. As a result, natural fibre composites were feasible to be introduced in metal matrix composites and potential for engineering application.

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49

Horváthová, Michael, and Linda Makovická Osvaldová. "TESTING OF NATURAL INSULATION MATERIALS USING A CONICAL CALORIMETER." Proceedings of CBU in Natural Sciences and ICT 1 (November 16, 2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/pns.v1.115.

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This paper examines three types of natural insulation materials, such as fiberboard, hemp and straw, from the point of view of fire safety. Cellulose-based materials allow a wide range of applications when used for insulation and weatherproofing of buildings, in particular floors, roofs, ceilings, attics, sound barriers, etc. The use of these materials is increasing in ecological constructions as well as for weatherproofing wood-based structures. In terms of fire safety requirements, the question is: Which insulating material is the safest in terms of fire propagation? The article focuses on natural products used as external insulation systems which are covered by a facade plaster. Each type of insulation is briefly described in terms of its composition, use, and production process. We describe the process of preparation of samples as well as the testing and measurement procedures. Three tests were carried out for each type of material. For a more objective evaluation, results were averaged. The results of the cone calorimeter were used to obtain data for comparison. The aim is to clarify the behavior of the natural insulating material with regard to the heat release rate, ignition time, burning duration, and maximum heat release rate. These are the essential parameters for comparison. The values were compared to determine the safest material from the point of view of fire safety.

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50

Malujda, Ireneusz. "Test Device for Research of Heat Conduction in Plasticization Processes of Natural Materials." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 4350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.4350.

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The purpose of modelling the processes of compression and thermal softening of particulate, as well as porous and anisotropic materials is to determine the critical stress condition which initiates plastic flow of the material. This value is critical for the effectiveness of thermal softening process and depends on the thermo-mechanical parameters of the material and the key parameters of the process itself [2,4]. As it has been proven by research, the strength of materials such as wood and sawdust evidently decreases with the increase of temperature, influenced also by the moisture content of the material. For determining the distribution of temperature in a layer of thermally softened material it is indispensable to determine the heat transfer coefficient. This paper presents a test fixture for measuring heat conduction in natural composites materials, allowing for the effect of temperature, developed by the author.

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