Дисертації: "Mass explosion"

1

Ouchi, Ryoma. "Constraining the mechanism of enhanced mass loss in the last few years before the supernova explosion." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263469.

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2

Martinez, Katynka Zazueta. "The "Latin Explosion," media audiences, and the marketing of Latino panethnicity : Latina Magazine and the Latin Grammys in a Post-Selena América /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3112195.

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3

Alhabib, Nada. "Explosion of escaping endpoints of exponential maps." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2016. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3001508/.

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4

Chau, Yu-Xi. "Explosive condensation in symmetric mass transport models." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/77689/.

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Condensation is an emergent phenomenon in complex systems that is observed in both physical and social sciences, from granular polydisperse spheres to macroeconomic studies. The critical behaviour of condensation in such systems is of continual interest in research. In this thesis we study this in the context of interacting particle systems, in particular the recently introduced explosive condensation process. We firstly provide a review of the mathematical foundations of interacting particle systems from the aspects of Markov processes. This includes the formulation of factorised hop rates, stationary product measures, the equivalence of ensembles and how these properties are related to condensation. Subsequently, we give a review of key interacting particle systems of interest, namely the zero-range process, inclusion process and the explosive condensation process. We then introduce two models that have similar stationary weights scaling as the explosive condensation process and include them in our study in the thermodynamic limit. The density and the maximum site occupation are derived under the stationary distribution, and from this we are able to identify the choice of parameters that could lead to a phase transition. Exact results for these models using the generator are di�cult to obtain. For the main results of this study, we therefore analyse the formation of condensate using a heuristic approach. The microscopic interactions leading to the formation of an explosive condensate are structurally studied, and this leads to a comprehensive model with a timescale analysis. The time to condensation is shown to vanish as the thermodynamic limit is reached, depending on the choice of parameter values. Throughout the thesis, theoretical results are supported by Monte Carlo simulation and numerical calculations where appropriate. A modification of the conventional Gillespie algorithm is proposed. The new algorithm improves e�ciencies but is also able to preserve key stochastic properties, and is used throughout the simulation of the main findings.

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5

Reis, Ricardo Miguel da Costa. "Influência do carregamento do solo, oriundo de detonações, na resistência elástica de edifícios." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/22986.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Civil Área de Especialização: Construção
No desenvolvimento da presente dissertação pretendeu-se fazer a caracterização da influência de detonações de massas de explosivos, em locais despromovidos de proteção à superfície, pela transmissão de energia no solo pelo efeito de ondas sísmicas (designado de ground shock) e os seus efeitos na resistência dos sistemas estruturais dos edifícios em estudo, quer pela determinação da diminuição da frequência própria ou natural dos sistemas, quer pela determinação da sua influência na limitação de danos dos eurocódigos estruturais. Para determinação prévia do efeito do ground shock, foram criados vários cenários previsíveis de propagação, com relevância significativa na geotecnia existente nos locais de propagação. Numa segunda fase procedeu-se aos ensaios propriamente ditos, sendo realizadas detonações onde a massa liquida de explosivos foi uma variável, dentro dos limites designados dentro dos cenários previamente estabelecidos, proporcionando a obtenção de valores válidos de ação base e frequências naturais de vibração dos sistemas estruturais, para o efeito foi usado um acelerómetro triaxial. Após estes ensaios in situ foi modelado o sistema estrutural escolhido, calibrando-o com os resultados obtidos. A metodologia usada posteriormente para incremento da ação base registada foi a criação de acelerogramas artificiais na sua relação com as massas de explosivos. No final destes procedimentos, foram comparados os valores das ações base com os efeitos obtidos nas simulações e suas influências no sistema estrutural, pela limitação de danos e redução da frequência própria da estrutura, onde se obteve por retro análise o valor máximo de massa liquida de explosivo capaz de gerar a ação base mais condicionante.
In the development of the present dissertation, it was intended to characterize the influence of detonations of explosives mass, in unprotected areas aboveground, the transmission of energy in the ground by the effect of seismic waves (designated ground shock) and their effects in resistance of the structural systems of the buildings in study, either by determining the reduction of natural frequency or by determining their influence on the limitation damage of structural Eurocode’s. For the prediction of ground shock effects, several scenarios have been created, with significant relevance in the geotechnics conditions existing in the propagation places. On second phase, the tests were carried by detonations and the explosive quantities was a variable, within the limits designated in previously established scenarios, providing valid values of base action and natural vibration frequencies of the systems. A triaxial accelerometer was used for this purpose. After these tests, the structural system chosen, in situ, was modeling and calibrating with the obtained results. The methodology used later to increase the registered base action was the generation of artificial accelerograms in their connection with the quantities of explosives. At the end of these procedures, the values of the base actions were compared with the effects obtained in the simulations with influence in structural system, by the limitation of damages and reduction of the natural frequency of the structure, were it was obtained by reto analyses the maximum value of the net explosive quantitie to produce de most conditions base action.

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6

Boulenger, Thomas. "Explosion des solutions de Schrödinger de masse critique sur une variété riemannienne." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00922988.

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Ce travail cherche a comprendre comment l'ajout d'une géométrie non euclidienne dans un problème de Schrödinger non linéaire influe sur l'existence et l'unicité des solutions explosives de masse critique. On s'inspire pour beaucoup des travaux de Merle et Raphaël sur la méthode de modulation des paramètres d'invariance géométrique pour une EDP qui possède de bonnes lois de conservations. On s'appuie ici plus particulièrement sur un article de Raphaël et Szeftel qui prouve l'existence et l'unicité d'une solution de masse critique en dimension 2 pour l'équation de Schrödinger non linéaire avec potentiel d'inhomogénéité devant la non-linéarité, et qui explose par ailleurs au maximum de l'inhomogénéité. Dans un premier temps, il s'agit de reprendre la méthode dans son ensemble afin de l'adapter à des cas où le Laplacien n'est plus plat, et est remplacé par un opérateur de type Laplace-Beltrami ou Laplacien généralisé. Ayant mis en avant le rôle de la courbure au point d'explosion, en termes de conditions sur les dérivées de termes métriques, on reprend dans un deuxième temps l'étude dans le cas plus général d'une variété riemannienne. Grâce à un ansatz sur la solution qui intègre maintenant la transformation induite par la métrique, on est capable d'énoncer un résultat d'existence et d'unicité en termes de conditions géométriques sur la variété elle même. Par soucis de simplicité, on se limite néanmoins au rôle local de la métrique, en la supposant globalement définie dans une certaine carte, et asymptotiquement équivalente a la métrique euclidienne.

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7

Gallouët, Thomas. "Transport optimal : régularité et applications." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00793191.

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Cette thèse comporte deux parties distinctes, toutes les deux liées à la théorie du transport optimal. Dans la première partie, nous considérons une variété riemannienne, deux mesures à densité régulière et un coût de transport, typiquement la distance géodésique quadratique et nous nous intéressons à la régularité de l'application de transport optimal. Le critère décisif à cette régularité s'avère être le signe du tenseur de Ma-Trudinger-Wang (MTW). Nous présentons tout d'abord une synthèse des travaux réalisés sur ce tenseur. Nous nous intéressons ensuite au lien entre la géométrie des lieux d'injectivité et le tenseur MTW. Nous montrons que dans de nombreux cas, la positivité du tenseur MTW implique la convexité des lieux d'injectivité. La deuxième partie de cette thèse est liée aux équations aux dérivées partielles. Certaines peuvent être considérées comme des flots gradients dans l'espace de Wasserstein W2. C'est le cas de l'équation de Keller-Segel en dimension 2. Pour cette équation nous nous intéressons au problème de quantification de la masse lors de l'explosion des solutions ; cette explosion apparaît lorsque la masse initiale est supérieure à un seuil critique Mc. Nous cherchons alors à montrer qu'elle consiste en la formation d'un Dirac de masse Mc. Nous considérons ici un modèle particulaire en dimension 1 ayant le même comportement que l'équation de Keller-Segel. Pour ce modèle nous exhibons des bassins d'attractions à l'intérieur desquels l'explosion se produit avec seulement le nombre critique de particules. Finalement nous nous intéressons au profil d'explosion : à l'aide d'un changement d'échelle parabolique nous montrons que la structure de l'explosion correspond aux points critiques d'une certaine fonctionnelle.

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8

Schmitt, Didier. "Existence globale ou explosion pour les systèmes de réaction-diffusion avec contrôle de masse." Nancy 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN10283.

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Cette étude concerne l'existence globale en temps de solutions pour les systèmes de réaction-diffusion présentant deux propriétés essentielles : la positivité des solutions est préservée au cours du temps et la masse totale des composantes est contrôlée, propriété qui est satisfaite si la somme des termes réactifs est négative ou nulle (ou plus généralement à croissance sous linéaire). Ces propriétés apparaissent naturellement dans de nombreux systèmes issus d'applications. Plusieurs résultats partiels d'existence globale pour cette classe de systèmes ont été obtenus avec des hypothèses supplémentaires. Essentiellement celles-ci nécessitent que l'une des composantes de la solution soit uniformément bornée, ce qui est assuré en général par une structure triangulaire des termes réactifs. Ce travail est principalement consacré à l'étude de l'existence globale de solutions dans le cas ou il n'y a pas d'estimation uniforme à priori simple sur aucune des composantes de la solution. Après avoir mis en évidence quelques critères d'existence globale pour des systèmes spécifiques, nous montrons la possibilité d'explosion en temps fini pour les systèmes vérifiant les deux propriétés essentielles, en exhibant des contre-exemples explicites. Nous obtenons comme sous-produit de ces contre-exemples des réponses négatives à des questions indépendantes concernant les équations paraboliques linéaires à forme non divergentielle et à coefficients discontinus et les équations d'évolution de Hamilton-Jacobi. Nous montrons enfin, pour les systèmes triangulaires, l'existence d'effets régularisants de l'espace des fonctions intégrables dans l'espace des fonctions bornées P. P. Ce qui permet d'obtenir des solutions classiques pour des données initiales seulement intégrables (voire même mesurés dans certains cas)

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9

Slater, Craig Stephen. "Studies of photoinduced molecular dynamics using a fast imaging sensor." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:24b6edce-9bd0-4729-97d6-4de959618cb0.

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Few experimental techniques have found such a diverse range of applications as has ion imaging. The field of chemical dynamics is constantly advancing, and new applications of ion imaging are being realised with increasing frequency. This thesis is concerned with the application of a fast pixelated imaging sensor, the Pixel Imaging Mass Spectrometry (PImMS) camera, to ion imaging applications. The experimental possibilities of such a marriage are exceptionally broad in scope, and this thesis is concerned with the development of a selection of velocity-map imaging applications within the field of photoinduced molecular dynamics. The capabilities of the PImMS camera in three-dimensional and slice imaging applications are investigated, in which the product fragment Newton-sphere is temporally stretched along the time-of-flight axis, and time-resolved slices through the product fragment distribution are acquired. Through experimental results following the photodissociation of ethyl iodide (CH₃CH₂I) at around 230 nm, the PImMS camera is demonstrated to be capable of recording well-resolved time slices through the product fragment Newton-sphere in a single experiment, without the requirement to time-gate the acquisition. The various multi-hit capabilities of the device represent a unique and significant advantage over alternative technologies. The details of a new experiment that allows the simultaneous imaging of both photoelectrons and photoions on a single detector for each experimental acquisition cycle using pulsed ion extraction are presented. It is demonstrated that it is possible to maintain a high velocity resolution using this approach through the simultaneous imaging of the photoelectrons and photoions that result from the (3 + 2) resonantly enhanced multi-photon ionisation of Br atoms produced following the photodissociation of Br₂ at 446.41 nm. Pulsed ion extraction represents a substantial simplification in experimental design over conventional photoelectron-photoion coincidence (PEPICO) imaging spectrometers and is an important step towards performing coincidence experiments using a conventional ion imaging apparatus coupled with a fast imaging detector. The performance of the PImMS camera in this application is investigated, and a new method for the determination of the photofragment detection efficiencies based on a statistical fitting of the coincident photoelectron and photoion data is presented. The PImMS camera is applied to laser-induced Coulomb explosion imaging (CEI) of an axially chiral substituted biphenyl molecule. The multi-hit capabilities of the device allow the concurrent detection of individual 2D momentum images of all ionic fragments resulting from the Coulomb explosion of multiple molecules in each acquisition cycle. Correlations between the recoil directions of the fragment ions are determined through a covariance analysis. In combination with the ability to align the molecules in space prior to the Coulomb explosion event, the experimental results demonstrate that it is possible to extract extensive information pertaining to the parent molecular structure and fragmentation dynamics following strong field ionisation. Preliminary simulations of the Coulomb explosion dynamics suggest that such an approach may hold promise for determining elements of molecular structure on a femtosecond timescale, bringing the concept of the `molecular movie' closer to realisation. Finally, the PImMS camera is applied to the imaging of laser-induced torsional motion of axially chiral biphenyl molecules through femtosecond Coulomb explosion imaging. The target molecules are initially aligned in space using a nanosecond laser pulse, and torsional motion induced using a femtosecond 'kick' pulse. Instantaneous measurements of the dihedral angle of the molecules are inferred from the correlated F+ and Br+ ion trajectories following photoinitiated Coulomb explosion at various time delays after the initial kick pulse. The technique is extended to include a second kick pulse, in order to achieve either an increase in the amplitude of the oscillations or to damp the motion, representing a substantial degree of control of the system. Measurements out to long kick-probe delays (200 ps) reveal that the initially prepared torsional wave packet periodically dephases and rephases, in accordance with the predictions of recent theoretical work.

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10

Chee, Yenlai. "Remote sensing analysis of cratered surfaces Mars landing hazard assessment, comparison to terrestrial crater analogs, and Mars crater dating models /." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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11

Schwarzenberg, Adrian. "Développement de méthodes basées sur la spectrométrie de masse pour la détection de composés organophosphorés et d'explosifs." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066598.

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Au cours des années, l'utilisation de composés nocifs a augmenté de façon exponentielle, et c'est la raison pour laquelle développer des méthodes pour l'identification de composés dangereux, tels que les composés organophosphorés (OP) et les explosifs organiques nitroaromatiques, est indispensable. L'analyse des composés organophosphorés et des explosifs est un enjeu important dans la sécurité intérieure, la médecine légale et les sciences de l'environnement. Il est crucial de développer des méthodes analytiques fiables, sensibles et efficaces pour identifier précisément les composés organophosphorés et les explosifs. Dans ce contexte, le but de ce travail de recherche était de développer des méthodes basées sur la spectrométrie de masse pour l'identification précise et sans ambiguïté de ces composés. Un arbre d'identification a été développé pour l'élucidation structurale de composés organophosphorés. Cette approche a été évaluée à l'aide d'une matrice biologique. D'autre part, les explosifs nitroaromatiques ont été étudiés et plusieurs nouveaux résultats ont été trouvés et reportés. L'application de l'analyse directe en temps réel (DART) couplée à la spectrométrie de masse Orbitrap (DART-FTMS) est décrite ici pour le screening rapide et la caractérisation des échantillons de frottis sur coton obtenus à partir d'armes militaires
Over the years, the widespread use of harmful compounds has increased exponentially, and this is the main reason to develop methods for the identification of dangerous compounds, such as organophosphorus (OP) compounds and organic nitroaromatic explosives. The analysis of OP compounds and explosives is an important issue in homeland security, forensic and environmental sciences. To this aim, it is crucial to develop reliable, sensitive and efficient analytical methods to accurately identify OP compounds and explosives. In this context, the goal of this research work was to develop accurate mass spectrometric-based methods for the unambiguous identification of these compounds. An identification tree was developed for the structural elucidation of OP compounds. This approach was assessed using a biological matrix. On the other hand, nitroaromatic explosives have been investigated and several new findings were found and reported. Furthermore, the application of Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART) coupled to the Orbitrap mass spectrometer (DART-FTMS) is discussed herein for the fast screening and characterization of cotton swab samples obtained from military weapons

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12

Fagents, Sarah Anne. "The analysis of some explosive volcanic processes on the Earth, Venus and Mars." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386457.

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13

Gilchrist, Elizabeth Sarah. "Ion chromatography and ion chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry technologies for the analysis of low-order explosive residues." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/ion-chromatography-and-ion-chromatographyhigh-resolution-mass-spectrometry-technologies-for-the-analysis-of-loworder-explosive-residues(8b6c406d-97f2-4fe3-9739-0decc5ef26d3).html.

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The development of chromatographic methods for the detection of low molecular weight organic acids and inorganic anions found in low-order explosive residues are presented. The work is divided into six sections. Firstly, Chapter 1 provides a background on low-order explosives and fingermarks. Existing methods for the analysis of these sample types, focussing on ion chromatography (IC) and mass spectrometry (MS) technologies, are reviewed. Gaps in knowledge are highlighted and the aims and objectives of the thesis presented and justified towards addressing these challenges. Chapter 2 applies an anion exchange chromatographic method for the analysis of gunshot residue. This micro-bore scale method utilises a hydroxide gradient with suppressed conductivity detection. A study on external contamination, such as from environmental matrices and collection devices, is presented suggesting that direct extraction of the residues is more advantageous for the analysis of these residues on small items. Analytical performance characteristics for linearity, repeatability and limits of detection are also presented and discussed. Chapter 3 extends the performance limits of IC by investigating the use of capillary-scale IC technology for the detection of low-order explosive residues for the first time, including gunshot residues and black powder substitutes, in biological matrices such as sweat and human latent fingermarks. A comparison to the micro-bore method in Chapter 2 is made, with a focus on the measured increase in absolute sensitivity at the lower limits. In a brief study, a capillary-scale organic polymer monolithic resin (IonSwift MAX-100) was also investigated in terms of backpressure and efficiency. Chapter 4 presents the selectivity offered by alternative anion exchange resins with the addition of organic solvents to the eluent, specifically methanol and acetonitrile. The combined effect of temperature and organic solvent-containing eluents on IC selectivity is also presented for the first time and discussed regarding their use as variables in IC method development. Analytical performance characteristics for linearity, repeatability and limits of quantification are presented. Chapter 5 combines the organic solvent and temperature-enhanced IC method developed in Chapter 4 with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) detection which enabled simplified coupling of these two technologies. The method was applied to the forensic detection of low-order explosives in fingermarks for the first time, offering confirmatory analysis of several forensically important species at pg amounts. Analytical performance characteristics for linearity, repeatability and limits of quantification are once again presented and compared to the published literature. Chapter 6 presents results collected by capillary electrophoresis and Raman spectroscopy as alternative/complementary techniques to IC. These techniques are applied to the detection of explosive residues in biological matrices, and their relative merits are discussed. The development of several IC-based technologies enabled the successful interrogation of small anions in low-order explosives within fingermarks at fg-ng amounts for the first time, offering the potential to link identity with criminal activity. In particular, the development of a solvent enhanced-IC method with simplified coupling to HRMS shows considerable benefit not just for forensic purposes, but for IC applications in a number of alternative fields.

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14

Jacobs, Adam Michael. "The Explosive Possibilities of Little Dwarfs| Low-Mach Number Modeling of Thin Helium Shells on Sub-Chandrasekhar Mass White Dwarfs." Thesis, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10164126.

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The classic model of type Ia supernovae still taught in many textbooks describes a white dwarf primarily composed of carbon and oxygen accreting from a companion until it nears the critical Chandrasekhar mass, contracts, ignites carbon fusion and explodes. The research community, however, is seeing whatever consensus that may have existed on this model as the dominant channel to normal type Ia’s erode in the face of both observational and theoretical challenges. In my dissertation I present the largest ever suite of three-dimensional models of an alternative type Ia progenitor model: the double detonation model. This model evades the requirement for a near-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarf, making it much easier to satisfy observational and theoretical constraints. The sub-Chandrasekhar systems I investigate are also relevant to a variety of other possible explosive outcomes such as helium novae, ".Ia" events, atypical/sub-luminous type Ia’s, and shell deflagrations. I have deployed and further developed the low Mach number astrophysical fluid dynamics code Maestro to carry out my study. Most saliently, I have developed Maestro's nuclear reaction modules to target GPU accelerators in leadership supercomputers. I find that the double-detonation model is promising and warrants continued study by providing the broadest and most detailed characterization to date of the pre-explosive three-dimensional evolution. I also comment on what my models suggest about other explosive possibilities.

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15

Karakostas, Foivos Georgios. "Analyse et modélisation des ondes sismiques générées par des impacts et des explosions atmosphériques des météores aux planètes telluriques avec une atmosphère." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC125/document.

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Les évènements météoriques constituent une source d’importance fondamentale pour la sismologie planétaire, étant donné que leur localisation, et dans certains cas, leur temps d’origine peuvent être déterminés précisément par des orbiteurs. Cette importance augmente encore dans le cas d’une expérimentation à 1 seul sismomètre, comme dans le cas de SEIS (Seismic Experimentof Interior Structure) de la mission actuelle InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport). En effet, la localisation précise permet de réaliser une inversion directe des temps de propagation différentiels et des formes d’ondes pour la détermination de la structure interne. Les impacts de météorites génèrent des ondes de volume et de surface lors de leur arrivée à la surface d’une planète. Quand ils explosent dans l’atmosphère, ils produisent des ondes de chocs qui sont converties en ondes linéaires, sismiques pour la partie solide, et acoustiques pour la partie atmosphérique. Ce phénomène peut être modélisé par l’amplitude de l’excitation de modes sphéroïdaux, dû aux effets de couplage entre l’atmosphère et le sol. Ce manuscrit de thèse est consacré à l’investigation et la modélisation des ondes de Rayleigh générées par des météores. Un rappel général des avancées en sciences planétaires est d’abord fourni, avec un focus sur la sismologie planétaire et les études des sources sismiques atmosphériques. Ensuite, la théorie concernant les ondes de choc dans l’atmosphère et au sol est présentée plus en détails. Dans le cas de la formation d’une onde de choc dans l’atmosphère, l’effet de transition d’un régime de propagation non linéaire vers un régime linéaire est documenté pour le superbolide de Chelyabinsk. Pour la génération d’ondes dans la subsurface, un impact de météorite sur la lune est passé en revue, en utilisant des codes hydrodynamiques. Une analyse comparée de ces deux cas est réalisée de façon à présenter les processus de transition du régime de propagation. Une inversion de la source sismique du superbolide de Chelyabinsk est effectuée, de manière à examiner les propriétés de la source associée dans l’atmosphère terrestre. Nous avons développé une source multiple, composée d’une série de points source consécutifs, basé sur une trajectoire fournie. Les calculs des sismogrammes synthétiques des ondes de Rayleigh associées à l’événement sont réalisés par la sommation des modes propres du modèle de la partie solide et de la partie atmosphérique de la planète. A travers une technique d’inversion basée sur la décomposition des valeurs singulières et la méthode du moindre carré, nous fournissons des solutions pour la magnitude du moment. De plus, nous avons trouvé dans les données sismiques un effet Doppler, associée à la directivité de la source. En plus, nous avons réalisé des modélisations 3-D basées sur la méthode des éléments spectraux dans le cas d’un modèle solide uniquement, de façon à comprendre les effets des caractéristiques 3-D crustales, et surligner les différences avec une source inversée dans le sol par rapport à une source correctement positionnée dans l’atmosphère. Dans le cas de Mars, la sommation des modes propres est utilisée pour fournir les formes d’ondes associées aux impacts à la surface de la planète ou à basse altitude dans l’atmosphère martienne. Il est montré que la contribution du mode solide sphéroïdal fondamental domine les formes d’onde, par rapport aux deux premières harmoniques. La comparaison entre les amplitudes de sismogramme synthétiques de tailles différentes, montre que les petits impacteurs (diamètre de 0,5 mètre à 2 mètres) peuvent être détectés par les capteurs VBB de SEIS, seulement pour les hautes fréquences des ondes de Rayleigh, même pour des distances épicentrales très faibles
Meteoric events constitute a source of paramount importance for Planetary Seismology, since their locations and, in some cases, their occurence times can be accurately known from orbiters, tracking or visual inspections. Their contribution is enhanced in the case of a seismic experi- ment with one seismometer, as the SEIS (Seismic Experiment of Interior Structure) of the im- minent Martian mission “InSight” (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport), as the known location allows a direct inversion of differential travel times and wave forms for structure identification. Meteor impacts generate body and surface waves when they reach the surface of a planet. When they explode into the atmosphere, they generate shock waves which are converted into linear, seismic waves in the solid part and acoustic waves in the atmosphere. This effect can be modeled as the amplitude of Rayleigh and other Spheroidal modes excitation, due to atmo- spheric/ground coupling effects. This PhD dissertation is focusing on the investigation and modeling of the meteor generated Rayleigh waves. A brief recall to the advance of planetary science with focus on planetary seismology and the study of atmospheric seismic sources is presented. Thereafter, the theory concerning the shock waves in the atmosphere and in the ground is presented in further detail. In the case of shock wave generation in the atmosphere, the effect of transition from a highly nonlinear propagation regime to the linear one is presented for Chelyabinsk superbolide. In the case of the generation in the subsurface, a meteor impact on the Moon is investigated, using hydrodynamic codes. A comparative analysis of both cases is performed in order to present the transition processes of the propagation regime. An inversion of the seismic source of Chelyabinsk superbolide is performed, in order to examine the properties of the associated source in Earth’s atmosphere. We develop a line source, made of a series of consecutive point sources, based on a provided trajectory. The calculation of synthetic seismograms of Rayleigh waves associated to the event is performed by the summation of normal modes of a model for the solid part and the atmosphere of the planet. Through an inversion technique based on singular value decomposition and least square method, solutions for the moment magnitude are provided. Moreover we found in the seismic data a Doppler effect, associated with the directivity of the source. In addition, we perform 3D modeling based on spectral element method in a purely solid model, to assess the effects of 3D crustal features and highlight differences with a source inverted in the ground versus on a source correctly positioned in the atmosphere. In the case of Mars, normal mode summation is used in order to provide waveforms asso- ciated to impacts on the planetary surface or in low altitudes in the martian atmosphere. It is shown that the contribution of the fundamental spheroidal solid mode is dominating the wave- forms, compared to the one of the first two overtones. The comparison between the amplitudes of synthetic seismograms of different size, show that small impactors (diameter of 0.5 to 2 meters) can be detected by the SEIS VBB seismometer of InSight mission, only in the higher frequencies of Rayleigh waves, even for short epicentral distances. An analysis based on im- pact rate estimations enables to calculate the number of detectable events of meteor impacts for projectiles with diameter greater than 1 meter and it leads to the conclusion of 6.7 to 13.4 detectable impacts during a Mars year, the nominal operational period of InSight mission. Finally, an analysis on the ground characteristics of a shallow low velocity zone under InSight landing site is presented. Through an investigation by classical test of geomechanics, it is shown that this zone is supposed to affect the quality of seismic signals

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Gronow, Sabrina [Verfasser], and Friedrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Röpke. "Contribution of Type Ia supernovae to the chemical enrichment of the Milky Way: explosions of sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs / Sabrina Gronow ; Betreuer: Friedrich Röpke." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236345479/34.

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Фролов, Олександр Олександрович. "Керування енергетичними потоками при вибуховому руйнуванні різноміцнісних масивів гірських порід на кар’єрах". Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2013. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/7327.

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Mitchell, Karl Leon. "The thermodynamics and fluid mechanics of near-vent processes in explosive volcanic eruptions on the Earth and Mars." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403768.

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Gaiffe, Gabriel. "Caractérisation globale d'explosifs et de substances connexes (polymères, liants et plastifiants) à l'état de traces sur des prélèvements solides reposant sur la spectrométrie de masse à haute-résolution." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS493.

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La fabrication et le trafic illicite d’explosifs ont pour conséquence l’usage croissant d’engins explosifs lors d’attentats. L'identification d'explosifs est un enjeu majeur pour la lutte contre le terrorisme. La grande variété de formulations énergétiques rend cependant complexe leur caractérisation par une seule technique. Cette thèse s’est focalisé sur la spectrométrie de masse en cherchant à améliorer la détection de molécules explosives incluses dans des formulations énergétiques et en investiguant les processus mis en œuvre dans la technique de l’attachement d’anion permettant l’amélioration de la sensibilité de détection. Il apparaît que l’attachement de chlorure et de nitrate est la technique la plus appropriée à produire un signal intense. Une hypothèse a été avancée en se basant sur des expériences de CID et d’IRMPD. Le travail a aussi porté sur la caractérisation de la matrice environnant les explosifs pour créer une base de données. Ces analyses sont réalisées à l’aide des sources ASAP et DART, pour limiter les pertes de matière, avec en perspectives le travail sur des échantillons à l’état de traces. Ces méthodes ont montré leur capacité à produire des spectres de masse pour des polymères fluorés difficilement analysables. Afin d’obtenir une empreinte spectrale des polymères et de pouvoir comparer les spectres de ces polymères, une méthode d’analyse des défauts de masse de Kendrick a été développée et a permis d’identifier les polymères dans un mélange. Une analyse a été faite sur des échantillons réels d’explosifs pour comparer les espèces chimiques présentes pré et post explosion
The manufacture and the illicit traffic of explosives result in the increasing use of explosive devices during attacks. The identification of explosives is a major issue for the fight against terrorism. However, the wide variety of energetic formulations make their characterization complex by a single technique. This thesis focused on mass spectrometry by seeking to improve the detection of explosive molecules embedded in energetic formulations and by investigating the processes involved in the technique of anion attachment used to improve the sensitivity of detection. It appears that chloride and nitrate attachment is the most appropriate technique to produce an intense signal. A hypothesis has been advanced based on CID and IRMPD experiments. The work also focused on characterizing the matrix surrounding the explosives to create a database. These analyzes are performed using ASAP and DART sources, to limit material losses, with the prospect of working on samples in trace amounts. These methods have shown their ability to produce mass spectra for fluorinated polymers that are difficult to analyze. In order to obtain a spectral fingerprint for the polymers and to be able to compare the spectra of these polymers, a Kendrick mass defect analysis method was developed and allowed to identify the polymers in a mixture. An analysis was made on real samples of explosives to compare the chemical species present pre and post explosion

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Ertl, Thomas Michael Verfasser], Hans-Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Janka, Norbert [Gutachter] [Langer, and Björn [Gutachter] Garbrecht. "Modeling Neutrino-Driven Supernova Explosions Across the Stellar Mass and Metallicity Range / Thomas Michael Ertl ; Gutachter: Norbert Langer, Hans-Thomas Janka, Björn Garbrecht ; Betreuer: Hans-Thomas Janka." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1143124952/34.

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Ertl, Thomas Michael Verfasser], Hans-Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Janka, Norbert [Gutachter] Langer, and Björn [Gutachter] Garbrecht. "Modeling Neutrino-Driven Supernova Explosions Across the Stellar Mass and Metallicity Range / Thomas Michael Ertl ; Gutachter: Norbert Langer, Hans-Thomas Janka, Björn Garbrecht ; Betreuer: Hans-Thomas Janka." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20161220-1320399-1-8.

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Macias, Michael S. "The Development of an Optimized System of Narcotic and Explosive Contraband Mimics for Calibration and Training of Biological Detectors." FIU Digital Commons, 2009. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/123.

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Current commercially available mimics contain varying amounts of either the actual explosive/drug or the chemical compound of suspected interest by biological detectors. As a result, there is significant interest in determining the dominant chemical odor signatures of the mimics, often referred to as pseudos, particularly when compared to the genuine contraband material. This dissertation discusses results obtained from the analysis of drug and explosive headspace related to the odor profiles as recognized by trained detection canines. Analysis was performed through the use of headspace solid phase microextraction in conjunction with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Upon determination of specific odors, field trials were held using a combination of the target odors with COMPS. Piperonal was shown to be a dominant odor compound in the headspace of some ecstasy samples and a recognizable odor mimic by trained detection canines. It was also shown that detection canines could be imprinted on piperonal COMPS and correctly identify ecstasy samples at a threshold level of approximately 100ng/s. Isosafrole and/or MDP-2-POH show potential as training aid mimics for non-piperonal based MDMA. Acetic acid was shown to be dominant in the headspace of heroin samples and verified as a dominant odor in commercial vinegar samples; however, no common, secondary compound was detected in the headspace of either. Because of the similarities detected within respective explosive classes, several compounds were chosen for explosive mimics. A single based smokeless powder with a detectable level of 2,4-dinitrotoluene, a double based smokeless powder with a detectable level of nitroglycerine, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, DMNB, ethyl centralite and diphenylamine were shown to be accurate mimics for TNT-based explosives, NG-based explosives, plastic explosives, tagged explosives, and smokeless powders, respectively. The combination of these six odors represents a comprehensive explosive odor kit with positive results for imprint on detection canines. As a proof of concept, the chemical compound PFTBA showed promise as a possible universal, non-target odor compound for comparison and calibration of detection canines and instrumentation. In a comparison study of shape versus vibration odor theory, the detection of d-methyl benzoate and methyl benzoate was explored using canine detectors. While results did not overwhelmingly substantiate either theory, shape odor theory provides a better explanation of the canine and human subject responses.

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Hubert, Cecile. "Étude de la détection et de l'identification d'explosifs par spectrométrie de masse haute résolution " Orbitrap ", après prélèvement d'échantillons sur substrats solides : développement et évaluation comparative de méthodologies analytiques dédiées à l'expertise judiciaire dans le domaine nucléaire." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066025.

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Que ce soit lors de la prévention d'actes malveillants ou l'expertise post-attentat, les techniques de prélèvement par frottis et d'analyse d'explosifs se doivent d'être à la fois fiables et sensibles. La méthode par chromatographie en phase liquide (HPLC) couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (MS) présente les caractéristiques requises mais nécessite une étape importante de préparation de l'échantillon et un temps d'analyse conséquent. L'évaluation des performances du couplage HPLC-MS pour l'analyse de frottis réalisés sur des matrices textiles et le développement d'une méthode d'analyse directe et quasi-instantanée de la surface de l'échantillon constituent l'objet de ce mémoire. Pour ce second objectif, les sources d'ionisation ambiante DESI et DART, couplées à la spectrométrie de masse haute résolution (HRMS) ont été utilisées. Une part importante de ce travail a été consacrée à l'étude des mécanismes CID des explosifs, lors de laquelle la HRMS a montré tout son intérêt. Si l'utilisation de la source DESI est plus délicate pour l'étude des surfaces textiles hydrophiles et absorbantes, le potentiel qualitatif de la source DART a été démontré avec succès sur des échantillons simulés et réels. Des résultats prometteurs illustrent la validité de cette approche analytique à la fois sensible, rapide et facile à mettre en ¿uvre, et encouragent à poursuivre les travaux vers une analyse quantitative
Swabbing and analysis protocols for trace explosives detection have to be both reliable and sensitive, either for prevention measures against bomb attacks or for post-blast scene investigations. The coupling of mass spectrometry (MS) with liquid chromatography (HPLC) offers the required features but important sample preparation steps are often needed and chromatographic separations can require long run times. The evaluation of an LC-MS coupling for the analysis of fabric swabs and the development of a direct and nearly instantaneous method for sample surface analysis are the subjects of this dissertation. DESI and DART ion sources coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were used for this second method. Part of this work was devoted to the study of CID mechanisms of explosives, in which HRMS appears to present a great interest. Even though the use of DESI source for hydrophilic and absorbent fabric samples analysis is tricky, DART source was successfully applied to qualitative analysis of simulated as well as real samples. Very promising results strengthen the relevance of this direct approach both sensitive, rapid and easily implementable, and encourage pursuing the studies toward quantitative analysis. Keywords: Forensic, explosives, fabrics, extraction, high resolution mass spectrometry, ESI, ambient ionization/desorption (DESI, DART), CID mechanisms, negative ions

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Ramírez, Ray Fernando Hidalgo. "Atividade solar em comprimentos de onda mm e sub-mm e sua associação com uma ejeção de massa coronal." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2015. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1304.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:35:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ray Fernando Hidalgo Ramirez.pdf: 3985319 bytes, checksum: 0a36b0e596cb2c3f1eadaccfa8f843ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-17
Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
Solar flares radio emissions provide detailed information on the energy release, particle acceleration, heating processes and plasma conditions at the sites where the radiation is generated. This study focuses in radio emission from millimeter, sub-millimeter and another complementary wavelengths obtained by recent observations that might improve the understanding of processes from the low chromosphere to the corona. Here we study a GOES class X1.7 flare on January 27, 2012 detected by the Solar Sub-millimeter Telescope (SST) at 212 and 405 GHz, and by the solar radio polarimeters (POEMAS) at 45 and 90 GHz. LASCO C2 coronagraph observed a coronal mass ejection (CME) with possible physical connection with phenomena observed at radio-frequencies, including changes in polarization degree (45 and 90 GHz) and enhancements of scintillation index (212 and 405 GHz). The complementary radio observations were obtained by the Radio Solar Telescopes Network (RSTN) at the single frequencies 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1.4, 2.7, 4.9, 8.8 and 15.4 GHz and at the 25 - 180 MHz band, and by the Green Bank Solar Radio Burst Spectrometer (GBSRBS) at the 100 - 300 MHz and 300 - 1200 MHz bands. The solar flare exhibits a complex time structure at microwaves consisting of three major enhancements. Type III-like metric and decametric bursts were accompanied by small polarized burst at 45 and 90 GHz with polarization degrees of 0.09 and 0.12, suggesting changes in the magnetic field strength the order of 700 and 2000 G, respectively. SST detected one impulsive burst and significant 10% enhancements of scintillation index intermittently throughout the event. The CME launch time inferred by back extrapolation of the LASCO coronagraph observations to the solar limb coincides approximately in time to the changes in polarization degree, suggesting that CME might be a result of a magnetic transient causing an instability generating the subsequent impulsive structures.
As emissões em rádio das explosões solares provém informações detalhadas dos processos de liberação de energia, aceleração de partículas, aquecimento e condições do plasma na região onde a radiação é gerada. Este estudo concentra-se em rádio emissões nos comprimentos de onda milimétricos, sub-milimétricos e outras frequências complementares obtidas por observações recentes que podem melhorar o entendimento dos processos na baixa cromosfera até a coroa. Foi estudada uma explosão solar classe GOES X1.7 ocorrida no dia 27 de janeiro de 2012, detectada pelo Telescópio Solar Sub-milimétrico (SST) em 212 e 405 GHz e pelos rádio polarímetros solares em 45 e 90 GHz. Uma ejeção de massa coronal (CME) foi observada pelo coronógrafo C2 de LASCO com possível conexão física com os fenômenos observados em rádio frequências, incluindo mudanças no grau de polarização (45 e 90 GHz) e aumentos no índice de cintilação (212 e 405 GHz). As rádio observações complementares foram obtidas em frequências distintas, pela Rede de Rádio Telescópios Solares (RSTN), de 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 1,4; 2,7; 4,9; 8,8 e 15,4 GHz e nas faixas de 25 - 180 MHz, e pelo Rádio Espectrômetro Solar Green Bank (GBSRBS) nas faixas de 100 - 300 MHz e 300 - 1200 MHz. A explosão solar apresenta uma estrutura temporal complexa em micro-ondas composta por três aumentos característicos. Explosões métricas e decamétricas tipo III foram acompanhadas por pequenas explosões com polarização em 45 e 90 GHz com graus de polarização de 0,09 e 0,12, sugerindo variações de campo magnético da ordem de 700 e 2000 G, respectivamente. O SST detectou uma explosão impulsiva e aumentos significativos de 10% no índice de cintilação de forma intermitente durante todo o evento. O tempo de lançamento da CME inferido por extrapolação das observações do coronógrafo LASCO ao limbo solar coincide aproximadamente com o instante do excesso de emissão e mudança do grau de polarização em 45 e 90 GHz, sugerindo que a CME tenha resultado de um transiente magnético ocasionando uma instabilidade que gerou as estruturas impulsivas subsequentes.

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Baumgarten, Sigrid. "Applications de la très haute résolution en spectrométrie de masse à l'attribution de l'origine d'explosifs et à l'identification et la détection d'agents chimiques dans des mélanges complexes." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066130.

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Un incident terroriste peut prendre une grande variété de formes. Les instruments de laboratoire, grâce à leur sensibilité et leur fiabilité sont essentiels pour des applications médico-légales et de sécurité. La variation d'abondance des isotopes naturels d’une molécule est liée aux précurseurs utilisés lors de sa synthèse. Ainsi, les variations d’abondances isotopiques sont utilisées afin de déterminer l’origine d’un explosif. Une méthode alternative à la spectrométrie de masse de ratios isotopiques a été développée (IRMS). Il s'agit d'une analyse directe sans utiliser de traitements chimiques et de séparations. Des échantillons de pentrite provenant de diverses origines ont été analysés à l'aide d'un spectromètre de masse à ultra-haute résolution (LTQ-Orbitrap). Après un attentat, des résidus sont présents à l'état de trace sur la scène de l'attaque. Ces particules sont des dépôts d'explosifs et/ou d'agents chimiques sur différents supports. La combinaison de méthodes de spectrométrie de masse et de procédés de désorption-ionisation (couplage Orbitrap et source DESI) permet l'analyse directe des échantillons, sans aucune préparation.

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Adams, Ryan. "Bomb Cyclones of the Western North Atlantic." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1509530111664557.

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Bourgoin, Céline. "La convention sur le marquage des explosifs plastiques et en feuilles aux fins de détection (Montréal, le 1er mars 1991), ou, Etude d'un des moyens de prévention du sabotage aérien /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27445.

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The aim of this thesis is to view the convention on the marking of plastic explosives for the purpose of detection as a preventive means against aerial sabotage. After having identified the terrorist phenomenon (Preliminary chapter), we have to know if the studied convention can fight against these well-organized groups who have already showed their violence with deadly success.
A preventive and deterrent action seems to be the best legal way to improve the detection of the explosives these groups use (First chapter). The institution of an international criminal law can be envisaged as a means of intimidation but I.C.A.O. has developped other measures and the convention is one of them. To be effective, this convention and its annex have to have a universal and compulsory application but these are conditions that they don't fulfill. Such negative observation is also to presented with regard to the conventional actors in the fight against sabotage (Chapter II). Indeed the international commission created by the convention still doesn't have the necessary supranational jurisdiction. Thus the sovereign States are keen on keeping their influence on the control of the marking. Obviously these States and other actors like U.N.O. can act in many ways on the international scene to fight against the aerial terrorism but new actors should exist. An international inquiring authority and an international court could reinforce this struggle.
Then this thesis has showed the gaps of the studied convention and consequently, the weakness of the detection systems in airports.

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Bourgoin, Céline. "La convention sur le marquage des explosifs plastiques et en feuilles aux fins de détection, Montréal, le 1er mars 1991, ou, Étude d'un des moyens de prévention du sabotage aérien." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29820.pdf.

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Tachon, Romain. "Apport de la chromatographie en phase liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse pour l'analyse de traces d'explosifs : optimisation des conditions d'extraction et de purification pour le traitement d'échantillons récupérés sur une scène d'attentat." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066669.

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Les investigations menées après attentat par les services de police technique et scientifique ont pour but d’identifier la nature de la charge explosive employée mais la tâche peut se révéler particulièrement difficile d’un point de vue analytique. En effet, les résidus de charge explosive sont le plus souvent présents à l’état de traces dans des matrices variées et difficiles à traiter d’où la nécessité de disposer de protocoles analytiques performants. Ces travaux ont tout d’abord consisté à développer une méthode d’analyse basée sur le couplage entre chromatographie en phase liquide et spectrométrie de masse. L’utilisation d’un support de séparation en carbone graphite poreux et l’optimisation du couplage a rendu possible l’analyse simultanée des explosifs organiques les plus couramment rencontrés. Les effets de matrice sur les performances de la méthode ont ensuite été évalués puis éliminés en partie avec la mise en place d’une procédure de purification de l’échantillon par extraction sur phase solide. Enfin, un protocole général de traitement de l’échantillon incluant les étapes d’extraction, de purification et de concentration a été proposé puis validé avec l’analyse d’échantillons réels obtenus lors de simulations d’attentats avec engins explosifs improvisés

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Bensouilah, Abdelwahab Iheb. "Études qualitatives de certaines équations de type Schrödinger de la physique mathématique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I075.

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L'objet de cette thèse est l'étude qualitative des solutions de différentes équations non linéaires de type Schrödinger.Le premier chapitre est consacré à la décomposition en profils dans le cadre de l'équation de Schrödingeravec un potentiel en inverse carré. On montre un théorème de structure sur les suites bornées dans H¹ formées des solutions de l'équation susmentionnée et on l'utilise pour établir la concentration de la masse pour les solutions singulières et pour étudier la stabilité orbitale des ondes stationnaires en régime sous-critique et leur instabilité par explosion en régime critique.Le second chapitre porte sur le phénomène de la diffusion pour l'équation de Schrödinger exponentielle non homogène. On montre un résultat de diffusion pour les solutions globales de l'équation avec un potentiel faisant intervenir un poids singulier en espace (qu'on traite à l'aide des espaces de Lorentz) généralisant ainsi le résultat de diffusion de Ibrahim-Majdoub-Masmoudi-Nakanishi où le terme source était homogène. Enfin, dans le dernier chapitre, on aborde la thématique de la régularité de la partie Duhamel des solutions de l'équation de Schrödinger à masse critique et d'ordre supérieur. En utilisant des espaces fonctionnels basés sur des estimations de Strichrartz multilinéaires et adaptés à la non linéarité cubique, on montre que la solution est somme de la partie linéaire de même régularité que la donnée initiale et de la partie Duhamel plus régulière que cette dernière
The purpose of this thesis is a quantitative study of solutions to different nonlinear Schrödinger equations. The first chapter is devoted mainly to the profile decomposition adapted to the Schrödinger equation with an inverse-square potential. We prove a structure theorem for bounded sequences of solutions to the aforementioned equation. This will allow us to prove the mass concentration for singular solutions and to establish the orbital stability of standing waves in the sub-critical regime and their instability by blow-up in the critical regime. The second chapter is concerned with the large-time behavior of solutions to the two-dimensional inhomogeneous exponential Schrödinger equation for which we prove that global solutions scatter at infinity. The potential we are considering involves a spatial weight function that we treat using Lorentz spaces, thus making our result a generalization of the scattering result of Ibrahim-Majdoub-Masmoudi-Nakanishi where the source term was homogeneous.In the third and last chapter we deal with the smoothing effect of the high-order mass critical NLS where we prove a theorem about the regularity of the Duhamel part of the solution. The use of a functional space based on the multilinear Strichrartz estimates and adapted to the cubic nonlinearity allows us to prove that the solution is the sum of the linear part with same regularity as the initial data and the Duhamel part more regular than the latter

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31

Aarseth, Larsson Kim. "Chemical Characterisation of Nitrocellulose." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-41416.

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Nitrocellulose is the main component in many types of ammunition, propellants and explosives. The principles of production for nitrocellulose have not changed much since the 19th century when it started being industrially produced for this purpose. The character of the nitrocellulose has a large effect on the end products abilities. The aim of this study was to develop a method that would be able to characterise and distinguish between nitrocellulose from different manufacturers to be able to relate the character of the nitrocellulose to the properties of ammunition, propellants and explosives. Samples were dissolved in acetone and analysed by GC/MS and data were then analysed by multivariable statistics. FTIR was also used to characterise the nitrocellulose. Results from both methods showed very small differences when chromatograms and spectra were analysed. This study shows that GC/MS and FTIR are not suitable for this type of characterisation. The differences between the data were not sufficient to be able to separate the samples from each other.
Nitrocellulosa är den viktigaste komponenten i många typer av ammunition, drivmedel och sprängämnen. Principerna för produktionen av nitrocellulosa har inte förändrats mycket sedan det börjades produceras industriellt för detta ändamål på 1800 talet. Karaktären av nitrocellulosa har en stor inverkan på slutproduktens egenskaper. Syftet med denna studie var att utveckla en metod som skulle kunna karaktärisera och skilja mellan nitrocellulosa från olika tillverkare för att kunna relatera karaktären av nitrocellulosa till egenskaperna hos ammunition, drivmedel och sprängämnen. Proverna löstes i aceton och analyserades med GC/MS och data analyserades med multivariabel statistik. FTIR användes också för att karakterisera nitrocellulosan. Resultaten för båda proverna visade mycket små skillnader när kromatogram och spektra analyserades. Denna studie visar att GC/MS och FTIR inte är lämpliga för denna typ av karaktärisering. Skillnaderna i data var inte tillräckliga för att kunna skilja proverna från varandra.

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Young, Mimy. "Evaluation of Non-Contact Sampling and Detection of Explosives using Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/994.

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The growing need for fast sampling of explosives in high throughput areas has increased the demand for improved technology for the trace detection of illicit compounds. Detection of the volatiles associated with the presence of the illicit compounds offer a different approach for sensitive trace detection of these compounds without increasing the false positive alarm rate. This study evaluated the performance of non-contact sampling and detection systems using statistical analysis through the construction of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves in real-world scenarios for the detection of volatiles in the headspace of smokeless powder, used as the model system for generalizing explosives detection. A novel sorbent coated disk coined planar solid phase microextraction (PSPME) was previously used for rapid, non-contact sampling of the headspace containers. The limits of detection for the PSPME coupled to IMS detection was determined to be 0.5-24 ng for vapor sampling of volatile chemical compounds associated with illicit compounds and demonstrated an extraction efficiency of three times greater than other commercially available substrates, retaining >50% of the analyte after 30 minutes sampling of an analyte spike in comparison to a non-detect for the unmodified filters. Both static and dynamic PSPME sampling was used coupled with two ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) detection systems in which 10-500 mg quantities of smokeless powders were detected within 5-10 minutes of static sampling and 1 minute of dynamic sampling time in 1-45 L closed systems, resulting in faster sampling and analysis times in comparison to conventional solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) analysis. Similar real-world scenarios were sampled in low and high clutter environments with zero false positive rates. Excellent PSPME-IMS detection of the volatile analytes were visualized from the ROC curves, resulting with areas under the curves (AUC) of 0.85-1.0 and 0.81-1.0 for portable and bench-top IMS systems, respectively. Construction of ROC curves were also developed for SPME-GC-MS resulting with AUC of 0.95-1.0, comparable with PSPME-IMS detection. The PSPME-IMS technique provides less false positive results for non-contact vapor sampling, cutting the cost and providing an effective sampling and detection needed in high-throughput scenarios, resulting in similar performance in comparison to well-established techniques with the added advantage of fast detection in the field.

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Willemse, Yolandi. "Sportspesifieke inoefening en antropometriese, fisieke en motoriese vereistes van 15– tot 17–jaar oue vroulike netbalspelers / Y. Willemse." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4946.

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In the light of the facts given in literature it is evident that players in the game of netball need to meet specific anthropometric (body length, body mass, percentage body fat and percentage muscle mass), physical (pliancy, abdominal power, aerobic endurance and anaerobic endurance) and motor (speed over 5 m and 10 m, agility and explosive power) requirements. This consequently necessitates specific attention to be given to the mentioned requirements. In spite of the fact that a few studies do exist that enter into the requirements of the profile of netball players in different positions, as well as into what the effect of a periodization programme is on anthropometric, physical and motor requirements, voids do exist regarding the positional profile of 15 to 17 year old netball players and as to what the effect is of a sport specific periodization programme in the course of a season on 15 to 17 year old netball players. In the light of the above–mentioned, this study was undertaken with the aim to: 1) Determine the requirements for 15 to 17 year old netball players; 2) Compile positional profile scales of netball specific requirement for 15 to 17 year old players in the Tlokwe region; 3) Establish the effect of a sport specific periodization programme on anthropometric, physical and motor requirements for 15 to 17 year old female netball players, of a specific school in the Tlokwe region, in the course of a season. 96 players (28 goalkeepers, 44 centre court players and 24 defenders) between ages 15 and 17 years from two high schools in the North–West Province were used in the study to determine positional differences. A group of only 22 player of one school was exposed to a sport specific periodization programme for purposes of the study, since the coach and players from only one school’s teams were prepared to participate in the sport scientific intervention programme for the full duration of the netball season. The afore–mentioned group was evaluated over a period of two years, namely prior to the start of the season (T1), after conclusion of the season once the sport specific periodization programme was completed (T2), prior to the start of the season in the subsequent year (T3) and after conclusion of the season without the sport specific being followed. The data is processed on the basis of descriptive statistics. Furthermore, the practical significance of test result changes between the respective groups and different test sessions were compared using Cohen’s effect size. Literature was consulted to determine whether specific requirements exist for netball players and whether differences occur in the three positional groups. However, no literature could be traced in which only netball specific requirements for 15 to 17 year old players were focused on. The literature did indeed point out clear anthropometric differences between the three positional groups, namely attacking, centre court and defence players in club and elite netball players. The goalkeeper and defence players are, according to literature, considerably taller and heavier than the centre court players. Literature also indicated that differences do indeed occur regarding physical and motor requirements. Centre court players are significantly faster and more agile than the goalkeeper and defenders. However, there were components of which the differences were not prominent concerning the three positional groups. Where a specific positional profile of anthropometric, physical and motor requirements for 15 to 17 year old female netball players was composed from available data of players in the North–West Province, Tlokwe region, the results of the anthropometric requirements indicated that body length showed a large significant difference between the three positional groups, with defenders being the tallest, followed by goalkeepers, and the centre court players being the shortest. Body mass also showed a medium significant difference between goalkeepers and centre court players as well as between centre court players and defence players. Goalkeepers were heavier than centre court players, and defenders also showed a higher body mass than centre court players. The other two variables, namely percentage fat and percentage muscle mass, only showed small practically significant differences, in this group of netball players, between the test sessions. With the physical and motor requirements, results indicated that large practically significant differences occurred in vertical jumping, 5 m speed, 10 m speed and agility between the groups. The general trend observed in the profiles was that the largest significant differences occurred between goalkeepers and defence players on the one hand and centre court players on the other. Vertical jump and speed showed a large significant difference between goalkeepers and centre court players as well as between centre court players and defenders, although the goalkeepers and defenders’ results corresponded considerably. Other large significant differences occurred in the 10 m speed as well as in 505–agility to the left between centre court players and defenders. In summary it can be mentioned that the most and the largest significant differences occurred between goalkeepers and centre court players as well as between defenders and centre court players. Only one medium significant difference occurred between the goalkeepers and defenders, which is ankle dorsiflexion and which can be ascribed to injuries. From this it can be inferred that a positional profile can indeed be compiled for the different positional groups in netball, but that the requirements of positional variables between goalkeepers and defenders correspond largely and that the large difference between the last–mentioned two groups occur when compared with those of the centre court players of this specific group. The results of the group of twenty–two players that were evaluated twice during the course of both netball seasons indicate that the variable that showed a large significant difference between T1 and T2, following the sport specific periodization program, was body mass (inverted difference). Although there was no large significant difference, it can clearly be deduced from the graphs presented in the study that a visible difference (improvement) was observed in most of the variables. The variables that showed a large practically significant difference with the training of the coach’s general programme, were ankle dorsiflexion on the left, abdominal power and 5 m speed (inverted effect). A number of variables indeed existed that also showed medium and small significant differences during the course of both seasons, but it will not be mentioned here. A number of shortcomings and recommendations did indeed come to the fore during and after the course of the study. It should, however, be borne in mind that such a structured periodization programme is very important for the development of netball potential.
Thesis (Ph.D. (Human Movement Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

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Юрченко, Аннета Анатоліївна, Аннета Анатольевна Юрченко та A. A. Yorchenco. "Підвищення екологічної безпеки масових вибухів в залізорудних кар’єрах за пиловим чинником". Thesis, Видавництво НГУ, 2012. http://ir.nmu.org.ua/handle/123456789/198.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальнісю 21.06.01 - “Екологічна безпека”. – Державний ВНЗ «Національний гірничий університет», Дніпропетровськ, 2012.
Диссертация на соискание учёной степени кандидата технических наук по специальности 21.06.01 - “Экологическая безопасность”. – Государственное ВУЗ «Национальный горный университет», Днепропетровск, 2012.
Dissertation on gaining of scientific degree of candidate of engineering sciences after specialty 21.06.01 is "Ecological safety". - the State VNZ «National mountain university», Dnepropetrovsk, 2012.
У дисертації вирішена актуальна наукова задача, що полягає у встановлені закономірностей розповсюдження пилової хмари після масових вибухів в залізорудних кар’єрах та рівнем її екологічної небезпеки і розробці на цій основі екологічно ефективних способів та засобів зменшення викидів пилу у довкілля. Розроблені методичні засади визначення висоти підйому пилових частинок залізорудного пилу під дією теплових чинників як при наявності вітру, так і при його відсутності. Розроблено спосіб та засіб зменшення висоти підйому пилової хмари дальності її розповсюдження, які передбачають проведення робіт з оптимізації параметрів свердловинних зарядів, а також використання в якості набійки свердловинних зарядів гумової пробки з анкерним пристроєм. Удосконалено спосіб захисту довкілля від викидів пилу шляхом зрошування пилової хмари в цілому, обґрунтовано необхідний діаметр капель води для забезпечення максимальної ефективності пилопригнічення, а також об’єм води для цого. Для транспортуваня та розбризкування води над пиловою хмарою обґрунтовано використання спеціальним чином обладнаних вертольотів. Ступінь екологічної небезпеки при впровадженні запропонованих способів та засобів знепилення досягає рівня “безпечний”.
В диссертации решена актуальная научная задача, которая заключається в установлении закономерностей рассеивания пылевого облака после массовых взрывов в железорудных карьерах и уровня изменения его экологической опасности, а также разработке на их основе экологически эффективных способов и средств снижения выбросов пыли в окружающую среду. На основании результатов анализа рассеивания пылевого облака, образовавшегося после массового взрыва, выполнена оценка опасности загрязнения прилегающих территорий по пылевому фактору. Показано, что уровень экологической опасности от загрязнения воздуха пылью в радиусе 10 км представляется как “очень опасный”, а степень загрязнения – “недопустимая”. Уровень загрязнения пылью атмосферного воздуха и прилегающих территорий зависит от высоты подъёма пылевого облака, объёмов выброса пыли, метеорологических условий и эффективности способов и средств пылеподавления. В результате анализа существующих способов и средств подавления пылевого облака сделан вывод о необходимости их совершенствования. Для оценки экологической опасности рассеивания пылевого облака разработана методика расчёта высоты его подъёма с учётом дисперсности пылевых частиц и других влияющих факторов, что позволило выполнить расчёты рассеивания пыли в атмосфере для оценки эффективности технических мероприятий, направленных на снижение или локализацию выбросов пыли и её рассеивания. Расчёты рассеивания пылевого облака при мощности взрыва 500 т “украинита”, скорости ветра 5 м/с и нормальных метеорологических условиях показали, что дальность выноса грубодисперсной железорудной пыли составляет от 0,14 до 4,4 км, а тонкодисперсной – от 40 до, примерно, 740 км. При этом удельные выбросы пыли при общей площади рассеивания до 28770 км2 достигают 1,302 кг/км2. Разработан способ снижения высоты выброса пылегазового облака при массовом взрыве на основе оптимизации параметров скважинных зарядов (удельного заряда ВВ, диаметра скважин и соотношения длины забойки и взрывчатки в скважине). Предложена также усовершенствованная конструкция забойки скважинных зарядов, которая предусматривает использование в составе забойки резиновой пробки с анкерным устройством. Расчёты показали, что при применении этих разработок высота выброса пылегазового облака при массовом взрыве может быть снижена на величину до 30%. В работе выполнены исследования параметров подавления пылевого облака путём его орошения. Получено аналитическое выражение для оценки эффективности пылеулавливания от диаметра пылевых частиц и капель воды, скорости их движения, количества орошаемой жидкости, высоты орошения облака, а также суммарного коэффициента захвата пылевых частиц каплями жидкости. Установлено, что суммарный коэффициент захвата для тонкодисперсной пыли имеет максимальное значение 0,488 при диаметре капель воды 1 – 1,5 мм. Для грубодисперсной пыли при этих диаметрах капель воды коэффициент захвата изменяется от 0,815 до 0,996. При этом удельный расход воды для подавления тонкодисперсной фракции пыли составляет 3,195 л/кг. В качестве технического средства транспортирования орошающей жидкости и разбрызгивания её над пылевым облаком предложено использование специально оборудованных вертолётов. Оценка снижения экологической нагрузки на прилегающие территории при этом показала, что общий выброс пыли из карьера при массовом взрыве может быть снижен на 90 %. Степень экологической опасности при внедрении предложенных способов и средств пылеподавления достигает уровня “безопасный”.
In dissertation an actual scientific task, that consists in set conformities to the law of distribution of dust cloud after the mass explosions in iron ore quarry and level of its ecological danger and development on this basis ecologically effective methods and facilities of reduction of influencing of the troop landing of dust on the state of environment, is decided. The methodical bases of determination of height of getting up of iron ore dust particles under action of thermal factors both at presence of wind are developed, and at his absence. Methods and facilities of reduction of height of getting up of dust cloud and distance of its distribution, which foresee conducting of works after optimization of parameters of borehole charges, and also use, are developed as the printed fabric of rubber cork with the anchor device. The method of defence of environment is improved from the troop landing of dust by irrigation of dust cloud on the whole, substantiated necessary diameter of drops of water for providing of maximal efficiency of dust suppression, and also necessary volume of water for this. For transportation and splashing of water above the dust cloud of the substantiated use by the special appearance of the equipped helicopters. The degree of ecological danger at introduction of the offered methods and facilities of dedustinq measures up "safe".

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KOPULETÁ, Martina. "Multidisciplinární spolupráce a role sestry v péči o pacienty s blast syndromem." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-253476.

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Blast injury is a very serious lesion caused by the shock wave resulting from an explosion. Further secondary injuries can arise from burying under debris, pieces of shards from the explosive cover, at burning, poisonous gases created by chemical reactions during detonation. The injuries often happen to be fatal and the percentage of people who survive it depends on the fact how far from the epicentre they were situated. If the individual is very close, there is almost no chance to survive, if, however, the individual is situated further from the epicentre, a few tens of meters, the chance is higher. It is so called mass disaster, which includes more injured people at an explosion. Therefore it is necessary for nurses and the hospital staff to know what the procedures are at this incident and how to take medical and nursing care of higher number of such patients suffering from blast injury. The care itself is extremely demanding, since the injured are often in critical condition. The aim of this diploma thesis, the topic of which is multidisciplinary cooperation and the role of a nurse when taking care of the patients suffering from blast injury, was to find out the information based on the latest Czech and foreign literature and create a compact overview of the knowledge of this issue, for it is necessary to have this knowledge to carry out nursing care of such patients. The second aim of this diploma thesis was to map the role of a nurse in details when taking care of a patient suffering from blast injury. This aim was stated for the reason of the demanding character and complexity of nursing care at urgent reception and anaesthesiology and resuscitation unit because the nurses at these units are placed demands on high qualification and requirements. This diploma thesis was purely elaborated as theoretical thesis based on Czech and foreign sources. The given pieces of information were obtained from a great deal of professional and scientific publications, monographs, professional journals and internet sources for each chapter. The first part of the thesis was dedicated to the description of the given issue, pre-hospital care and classifying algorithms that are used at mass health losses in such way so that the injured people have a higher chance to survive. The crisis management at hospitals, the reception of the injured, the care at the urgent unit and finally the follow-up care at the anaesthesiology and resuscitation unit are worked out in the following part. Thereafter the theoretical part focuses on nursing care at the critical care department where the nursing care of a patient suffering from blast injury is described as well as the duties of a nurse. The needed competences of a nurse working at the urgent unit, anaesthesiology and resuscitation unit are also defined in this chapter. According to the valid Czech legislation, only specially trained nurses for intensive care should take care of the patients with blast injury because the extent of their competence for intensive care is many times higher than general nurses have. The last chapter deals with team and multidisciplinary cooperation among the doctors and hospital staff as well as the cooperation concerning the pre-hospital care of the emergency services at emergency incident, for their active and quality communication are the keys for good and well done work with the least consequences.

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Ruchti, Jacqueline. "Analysis of TNT, DNA Methylation, and Hair Pigmentation via Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopic Techniques." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/20023.

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Wu, Tianyang. "Ion Mobility Spectrometry : Optimization of Parameters in Collision Cross Sections and Trace Detection of Explosives." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/17956.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Ion mobility spectrometry is a powerful technique for the study related to molecule. The work of tow major applications are introduced in this paper. The first application is the optimization of parameters in CCS. The accurate calculation of the collision cross section for multiple molecules is a long-time interested topic in the research for substances detection in micro scale. No reliable analytical approach to calculate the collision cross section has been established to date. Different approaches rely on different mechanism will provide different results in significant extent. This work introduce a method for the determination of parameters in the Lennard Jones potential. Experimental data combined with numerical computation was the fundamental strategy during the optimization of the parameters. In the experiment, electrospray is used as the ion source of IMS while a nebulizer was utilized to electrify the aromatic compounds. New parameters show no less accuracy and equal efficiency while can explain the physical meaning of the collision more clearly. The second application is the trace detection of explosives with very low concentration. The detection of explosives is an important topic in security, while the detection will be difficult due to the low vapor pressure of explosives. In this work, two types of devices are designed for the trace detection of explosives at an extremely low concentration. TNT is selected as the explosives in the experiment. The experiment succeed to reach a sensitivity of 1 part per quintillion, and even find out a linear relationship between the logarithm of TNT concentration and TNT vapor pressure.

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"The Formation and Degradation of Planetary Surfaces: Impact Features and Explosive Volcanic Landforms on the Moon and Mars." Doctoral diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.48463.

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abstract: Impact cratering and volcanism are two fundamental processes that alter the surfaces of the terrestrial planets. Though well studied through laboratory experiments and terrestrial analogs, many questions remain regarding how these processes operate across the Solar System. Little is known about the formation of large impact basins (>300 km in diameter) and the degree to which they modify planetary surfaces. On the Moon, large impact basins dominate the terrain and are relatively well preserved. Because the lunar geologic timescale is largely derived from basin stratigraphic relations, it is crucial that we are able to identify and characterize materials emplaced as a result of the formation of the basins, such as light plains. Using high-resolution images under consistent illumination conditions and topography from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC), a new global map of light plains is presented at an unprecedented scale, revealing critical details of lunar stratigraphy and providing insight into the erosive power of large impacts. This work demonstrates that large basins significantly alter the lunar surface out to at least 4 radii from the rim, two times farther than previously thought. Further, the effect of pre-existing topography on the degradation of impact craters is unclear, despite their use in the age dating of surfaces. Crater measurements made over large regions of consistent coverage using LROC images and slopes derived from LROC topography show that pre-existing topography affects crater abundances and absolute model ages for craters up to at least 4 km in diameter. On Mars, small volcanic edifices can provide valuable insight into the evolution of the crust and interior, but a lack of superposed craters and heavy mantling by dust make them difficult to age date. On Earth, morphometry can be used to determine the ages of cinder cone volcanoes in the absence of dated samples. Comparisons of high-resolution topography from the Context Imager (CTX) and a two-dimensional nonlinear diffusion model show that the forms observed on Mars could have been created through Earth-like processes, and with future work, it may be possible to derive an age estimate for these features in the absence of superposed craters or samples.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Geological Sciences 2018

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Macêdo, Mauro Moraes. "Tabelas normativas das medidas de massa corporal, estatura e das qualidades físicas, velocidade de deslocamento, força explosiva de membros inferiores e coordenação motora de crianças do sexo masculino entre 10 e 14 anos de projectos sociais do Rio de Janeiro - Brasil." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/4374.

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Buscou-se desenvolver, validar e comparar tabelas normativas das idades cronológicas e ósseas da massa corporal, estatura, coordenação motora, velocidade de deslocamento e força explosiva de membros inferiores de crianças do sexo masculino entre 10 e 14 anos, do projeto Rio Olímpico no Rio de Janeiro. Com amostra de 694 indivíduos, utilizou-se a técnica Survey Normativo, e os protocolos: massa corporal, estatura, velocidade de deslocamento (30 metros), coordenação motora (Burpee), impulsão vertical (Sargent Jump Test) e Idade óssea (raios-X de punho/mão). Verificou-se normalidade por Kolmogorov Smirnov, identificando-se ainda média e desvio padrão. Aplicou-se regressão linear múltipla para identificar a influência das variáveis independentes (idades cronológica e óssea) sobre as variáveis dependentes (força MI, coordenação e velocidade). Foram gerados subgrupos pela idade óssea por clusterização (G1=8, G2=9, G3=10, G4=11 a 13, G5=14 a 16 anos). Aplicou-se análise de variância (One-Way ANOVA) para comparação dos resultados dos testes entre os subgrupos e Post Hoc de Scheffé nos casos de diferenças significativas. Desenvolveram-se tabelas das idades óssea e cronológica, utilizando-se o “Percentil” em 5 intervalos: de p0-p19,9; de p20-p39,9%; de p40-p59,9%; de p60-p79,9% e de p80 até p100%. Tendo como parâmetro idade óssea e massa corporal, G4 e G5 apresentaram diferenças (p=0,001) dos grupos G1, G2, e G3 que não foram diferentes entre si. Na estatura existe diferença (p=0,001) entre G1, G2, G3 e G4, quando comparados ao G5, assim como entre G1 e G4; do G2 com G3 e G4 (p=0,001). Na massa corporal e estatura G1, G2, G3, G4 e G5 apresentaram diferenças (p=0,001). Na comparação dos testes e idades ósseas dentro de cada grupo, não observaram-se diferenças significativas, porém, comparados entre grupos, apresentaram diferenças estatística significativa F(4; 378,4580) = 225,17; (p = 0,001). O grupo G5 diferiu do G3 na coordenação motora (p=0,001); e G5 apresentou maior força explosiva comparada a G1, G2, G3 e G4 (p=0,001) apresentando diferença entre G2 e G4 (p=0,001). Na velocidade de deslocamento, G5 apresentou resultados significativos em relação a G2, G3 e G4 (p=0,001). Os grupos G1, G2, G3, G4 e G5 se mostraram independentes para padrões motores. Ambas as idades cronológica e óssea apresentaram resultados significativos na composição da reta para explicar impulsão vertical respectivamente o valor para o R=0,79 e 0,79; R2 = 0,63 e 0,62 para um p=0,001. Os resultados apresentaram 63% de certeza que a maturação óssea não influenciou a força explosiva. A coordenação motora não sofreu influência da idade cronológica (R = 0,49 para um R2 = 0,24) e idade óssea (R =0,36 e R2 = 0,13). A velocidade de deslocamento obteve para a idade cronológica (R = 0,59 para um R2 = 0,35) e idade óssea (R = 0,56 e um R2 = 0,31). Os resultados da reta de regressão indicam as idades óssea e cronológica aproximadamente 61% e 60%, de influência sobre as qualidades físicas. Observando os resultados dos testes, tendo a idade cronológica como variável determinante, não houve diferença significativa entre as idades óssea e cronológica, justificando, a utilização da tabela de idade cronológica em detrimento da óssea.
It was developed, validated and compared the results of the chronological and bone ages of body mass, height, motor coordination, travel speed and explosive strength of lower limbs of male children between 10 and 14, of the Rio Olympic project in Rio de Janeiro. With a sample of 694 individuals, it was used the technique Survey Schedule, and Protocols: weight, height, travel speed (30 meters), motor coordination (Burpee), vertical jump (Sargent Jump Test) and bone age (Ray - X wrist / hand). It was verified by Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality, identifying even mean and standard deviation. It was applied multiple linear regression to identify the independent variables influence (chronological and bone ages) over the dependent variables (MI strength, coordination and speed). Subgroups by clustering for bone age (G1 = 8, G2 = 9 G3 = 10, G4 = 11 to 13, G5 = 14-16 years) were generated. It was applied analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) for test results comparison among subgroups and post hoc Scheffé in cases of significant differences. It was developed bone ages and chronological tables, using the "percentile" 5 ranges: of p0- p19 , 9%; p20- p39, 9 %; p40- p59, 9 %; whereas p60- p79, 9 % and p80% to p100 %. The parameter was the bone age and body weight, G4 and G5 showed differences (p = 0.001) of G1, G2, and G3 groups were not different. There is a difference in height (p = 0.001) among G1, G2, G3 and G4, when compared with G5 and between G1 and G4, G2 and G3 G4 (p = 0.001). In body mass and height G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5 showed differences (p = 0.001). Comparing the tests and bone ages within each group, no significant differences were observed, however, compared between groups were statistically significant F (4 , 378.4580) = 225.17, (p = 0.001). The G3 G5 group differed in motor coordination (p = 0.001) and G5 showed greater explosive power compared to G1, G2, G3 and G4 (p = 0.001) showing difference between G2 and G4 (p = 0.001). At speed, G5 showed significant results in relation to G2, G3 and G4 (p = 0.001). The G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5 were independent motor patterns. Both chronological and bone ages showed significant results in the formation of straight vertical jump respectively to explain the value for R = 0.79 and 0.79, R² = 0.63 and 0.62 for p = 0.001. The results showed 63 % of certainty that maturation did not influence the explosive force. Motor coordination was not affected by chronological age (R = 0.49 for R² = 0.24) and bone age (R = 0.36 and R² = 0.13). The velocity of displacement obtained for chronological age (R = 0.59 for R²= 0.35) and bone age (R = 0.56 and R² = 0.31). The results of the regression line indicate the bone and chronological ages approximately 61 % and 60 %, the influence on the physical qualities. Observing the results of the tests, with chronological age as a determining variable, there was no significant difference between bone and chronological ages, justifying the use of chronological age table at the expense of bone.

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