Статті в журналах: "Marine economy of Ukraine"

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Paczek, Bartlomiej. "ANALYSE AND THE ASSESMENT OF STRATEGY OF THE NAVAL FORCES OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE TO 2035." Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Morskiego XIII (January 24, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7477.

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The declaration of the former President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko that Ukraine was, is and will be a maritime state is a declaration confirming its maritime aspirations. In the case of the navy, such an important element of the state's maritime power, achieving quantitative and qualitative potential adequate to the declared marine aspirations will require the implementation of a program to modernize and expand all elements that constitute the marine type of armed forces. The need to expand and modernize the navy results not only from the country's maritime aspirations or the importance of the sea and maritime economy for Ukraine, but above all is caused by Russia's aggressive and confrontational policy in the Black Sea and Azov Sea regions. The publication presents a process of slowly decreasing the quantitative and qualitative potential of the Ukrainian navy. Awareness of the reality of the threat to Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity on the part of Russia has made political and military elites aware of the need to undertake remedial actions with respect to the navy. The article presents the next stages of the process of creating the Naval Strategy of Ukraine 2035 and the methodology used to create it

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Kudrytska, Natalia. "Marine infrastructure of Ukraine in the rating of the world countries: current state and prospects." University Economic Bulletin, no. 45 (May 27, 2020): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2020-45-151-157.

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The article is devoted to the problem of determining the main directions of the formation of a competitive marine infrastructure of Ukraine, the relevance of which is confirmed in the Strategy for the Development of Sea Ports of Ukraine for the period up to 2038 Marine Doctrine of Ukraine for the period up to 2035. Many scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists are devoted to the problems of increasing the competitiveness of marine infrastructure. However, it is worth noting the lack of domestic work on the problems of the development of maritime and river transport in the current economic conditions, which are characterized by the growth of globalization and integration processes. Тhe purpose of the article is to assess the position of Ukraine in the ranking of countries of the world in terms of the development of maritime transport and the definition of strategic measures for the formation of a competitive national maritime infrastructure. The author provides an overview of the state and forecast of the development of shipping in the world. The advantages of transporting goods by sea are formulated, which determine its competitiveness. The positions of Ukraine in the ranking of countries of the world in the number of ships of the marine merchant fleet and the length of waterways are determined. The characteristic of the largest world alliances in the container shipping market by sea is given. The article emphasizes the problem of the uncertain prospects for the development of shipping, which is due to a combination of geopolitical and economic risks, which is associated with trade policy, structural changes in the global economy, changes in the global energy balance, and the spread of digital technologies. Ukraine has significant potential to develop cargo and passenger transportation by river and sea. Among the former CIS countries, it ranks third in the ratings after Russia and Belarus. However, in order to improve the rating and competitiveness of our country in the international market for the provision of water transport services, a number of measures need to be taken in terms of improving safety, introducing innovative technologies, improving tariff policy, and reforming governance.

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Shurda, Kseneya. "FEATURES OF MARINE ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: CLASSIFICATION AND TYPES IN THE CONTEXT OF MARINE NATURE-EXPLOITATION." Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, no. 10(29) (2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689.2021.10(29).5.

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The purpose of marine economic activities is to obtain economic, social, scientific, political, military and other types of effect to ensure sustainable development of Ukraine. The article discusses the characteristic features of marine economic activities, substantiates the need to clarify the widely used concept of "marine activity", given in the "Marine Doctrine of Ukraine for the period up to 2035", offers a more correct interpretation of this concept. The necessity of coordinating the actions of the entities operating in the sea space and in the coastal zone, which carry out various types of marine economic activity, is proved, possible types of marine economic activity are given. It is proposed to use the National Classifier of Ukraine "Classification of Economic Activities Types" to create a classification scheme for types of marine economic activities. The advantages and disadvantages of its application are presented, as well as the possibility of forming on its basis a detailed classification of types marine economic activity. The necessity of integrated management of marine economic activity is substantiated in order to remove existing and prevent future contradictions, as well as to coordinate the actions of economic entities. It is shown that integrated management will fully ensure the rational use of the marine environment, its resources and sustainable development of seaside regions. Particular attention in the article is paid to the issues of ecologization of the marine economic complex on the basis of the inclusion an ecological factor in the financial-economic relations of marine economic activity and the stimulation of the rational use of marine resources. The priority tasks for the construction of an economic mechanism for marine nature-exploitation have been formulated, taking into account the peculiarities of the development the seaside regions of Ukraine, the national marine policy and types of marine activities. A system of tools is presented, which are the basis for the formation of an economic-ecological mechanism of marine nature-exploitation.

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Stryzhak, Olena, Olena Akhmedova, and Maria Aldoshyna. "The Prospects of the marine and coastal tourism development in Ukraine." E3S Web of Conferences 153 (2020): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015303009.

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The state of the marine and coastal tourism development in Ukraine has been analysed. It has been substantiated that in Ukraine marine tourism has significant potential for the development. In this context, the paper objective is to identify the problems of marine and coastal tourism in Ukraine and to develop the directions of their solutions. In the paper, the social, economic, political, ecological and institutional problems of the marine and coastal tourism development have been defined. The justification of stimulants and restraints of the marine and coastal tourism development in Ukraine have been also considered. The authors of the article have developed and proposed a conceptual model of the marine and coastal tourism development in the context of the sustainable development strategy using the methodology of structural analysis and SADT design. The proposed model takes into account the specifics of the Ukrainian conditions.

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5

Hryshyna, Larysa, Elena Pogoryelova, Petro Karas, Natalia Mihai, and Irina Khmarska. "Financial and investment processes in ensuring the development of marine infrastructure." MATEC Web of Conferences 339 (2021): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133901021.

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The article identifies the place and importance of financial and investment processes in ensuring the development of maritime infrastructure as a component of the maritime complex of Ukraine. The current state of maritime infrastructure and the level of its use in the transformational conditions of the domestic economy are studied. Factors influencing the functioning and development of marine infrastructure are identified. The main directions of intensification of financial and investment processes to ensure the effective functioning and development of the maritime industry and its infrastructure are identified.

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Stolyarov, V., O. Shinkaryuk, and V. Stolyarova. "Systemic Interaction of Center and Regions in Ukraine (basics of national-civilizational security)." Economic Herald of the Donbas, no. 4 (62) (2020): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2020-4(62)-52-63.

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The article poses and solves the problem of achieving coordinated interaction between the Center and the Regions as a single, organic and dynamic system of a sovereign independent state. Modern approaches of liberal and planned principles of overcoming bureaucratic and corrupt arbitrariness and urgent resuscitation with intensive revival of economic and vital activity of Ukraine, which is purposefully destroyed under external influence, are considered. The main provisions of the report of the President of France Emmanuel Macron in August 2019 on the Great Fracture in European and world civilization processes are revealed. The main ideas and directions of the Plan of the Great Reset and implementation of the fourth industrial revolution of June 2020 of the Davos World Economic Forum are presented. A meaningful chronology of the formation of the organizational mechanism for the introduction of inclusive capitalism and its management and staffing is given. The equivalence of the principles of homeostasis of economic and biological systems is considered by comparing the restoration of the viability of the global network economy and marine biological systems (on the example of a vampire octopus). Generalized signs of international and state terrorism in Ukraine. The necessity to change the Anglo-Saxon model of open market economy to socially oriented one using the doctrine of 3 "S": social forecasting, social planning and social management is substantiated. It is proposed to use the experience of the United States and Great Britain on social planning and the European financial model of people's capitalism. Based on the proposals of Emelyanov O.S. to enhance the role of the Center in cooperation with the Regions, it is recommended to develop National and Regional Human Development Programs. It is proposed to develop a Planning Code of Ukraine based on the provisions of the model of socially adequate management with encyclopedic criteria for their use at the national and regional levels of government.

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7

Borshchevska, Olena, Eduard Kuznetsov, and Sergiy Stepanov. "WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE POTENTIAL OF STATE IN THE MARINE ECONOMIC COMPLEX: ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 4 (September 2018): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-4-62-68.

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At present, issues of assessing the impact of economic activity on the environment as an integral part of the country’s economic development are becoming more and more relevant. Environmental problems of the development of a marine economy complex may restrain the development of the economic potential of the state. Moreover, the dynamic development of the state’s economy is possible only when economic entities adhere to the norms of an ecological nature. In this regard, the problem of assessing the impact on the environment, in particular, in the maritime complex in the projection of the economic component of development, as well as in this sense and the rational use of natural resources, is of paramount importance. The environmental tension is most often due to the placement of powerful chemical and petrochemical industries in the area of the maritime complex. In some areas, the level of environmental pollution is quite high due to the location of large facilities in the electric power industry (thermal and nuclear power plants). The economic component of the environmental impact assessment of the maritime complex is that one and the same natural resource is most often used by the economic entities of several countries. Therefore, the assessment of the impact on the environment and the achievement of a balanced distribution of ecological and economic benefits for the rational use of natural resources, especially in the maritime complex, are today of great relevance. The purpose of the article is to analyse the problems of ecological and economic orientation in the maritime complex and, on the basis of generalization of such problems, to provide recommendations on systematization of measures for the comprehensive rational development of economic relations, taking into account the features of the coastal zone and the marine economic complex. Methodology. Analytical market reviews, materials of periodicals, resources of the Internet are the informational and methodological basis of the investigation. To achieve the goal set, the following general scientific and special methods were used: economic and mathematical methods, structural-logical analysis, analogy, synthesis, comparison and integration, factor analysis. Result. The system of measures of an economic and legal nature, which should be taken into account for successful and rational use of the marine economic complex in economic activity, is substantiated. Problematic aspects and directions of their elimination are determined. The proposed model of the ecological and economic system of the maritime complex acquires a special significance in the context of the supranational task of developing measures for optimizing and rational use of natural resources on a global scale. The directions of the reform of the legal framework are considered. Practical value. The system of measures of economic and legal character and their individual types can be applied for optimization and rational use of marine (water) resources, taking into account the peculiarities of economic development and the state of the marine-economic complex in Ukraine and in other states. Value/originality. Most scientific works are devoted to the consideration of theoretical aspects of ecologicaleconomic systems, namely, the refinement of the essence of this instrument as a form of modern financial and economic dynamics. A part of the work is devoted to the consideration of the common features and national peculiarities of ecological and economic systems in individual countries and regions. The authors consider the issues of elaboration of measures for the optimization of economic activity, which combines the abovementioned aspects with the peculiarities of the formation of ecological-economic systems in the marine faring complex. It is also important to take into account the impact of planned legislative reforms on the development of economic activity in the marine faring complex of Ukraine. The account of the peculiarities of the maritime complex in the framework of the national economy allowed developing directions for its further development.

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8

Balobanov, O., and A. Palchenko. "Main measures and protection of the marine environment against pollution provided by international and national legislation of Ukraine." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 68 (March 24, 2022): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.68.44.

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The article is devoted to the study of the norms of current international and national legislation in the field of prevention of marine pollution in the context of the definition and application of measures to prevent pollution of the marine environment. The study solves such problems as determining the problem of the current state of marine pollution; study of international legal and national legislation of Ukraine on the protection of the marine environment; and finding further directions for the development of environmental safety policy at sea. The research is based on a set of general scientific and special methods of cognition, the application of which is carried out within a systematic approach. Marine pollution in Ukraine, as in most countries around the world, is currently considered one of the most important economic and social problems. One of the important components of international environmental security is the prevention of marine pollution, which can only be achieved through a combination of efforts of each state at the national level and the international community as a whole. The relevance of the study in the article is due to the lack of systematic and comprehensive study of current issues of international legal responsibility for marine pollution. This problem is exacerbated by the lack of a systematic international treaty or treaties that would regulate international legal relations related to the implementation of such responsibilities. The main measures and protection of the marine environment from pollution, analysis of the legal consequences of marine pollution and the substantive development of international law, and compliance with the level of their implementation in the legislation of Ukraine. The article examines and analyzes the norms of current international and national legislation in the field of prevention of marine pollution in the context of defining and applying measures to prevent pollution of the marine environment.

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9

Fomin, Oleksij, Alyona Lovska, and Anatolii Horban. "Historical aspects of construction and operation of train ferry routes." History of science and technology 11, no. 2 (December 12, 2021): 351–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2021-11-2-351-382.

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Sustainable development of the transport industry can be provided through the introduction of combined transport systems. And one of the most promising ones is the train ferry transport system which combines railway and marine transport facilities. The article deals with the analysis and systematization of the data on the historical development of train ferry routes and describes the background for the construction of train ferry routes and their advantages over other combined transport types. It also deals with the basic features of the train ferries operating on the main international train ferry routes. The study is concerned with both sea routes and routes across rivers and lakes. The article shows the role of train ferry routes in the improvement of a national economy, and in the provision of the military defense, as it was described by Vinogradov at the example of Saratovskaya Pereprava (route) and by Karakashly and Shklyaruk at the example of the lighter Ishimbay which was loaded from the side. The authors have analyzed the development of the train ferry routes serviced by the ice-breaking train ferries Baikal across Lake Baikal, and the ferries Sakhalin linked mainland Russia and Sakhalin Island. The article deals with the peculiarities of transportation by trains ferries in the USA, Japan, Azerbaijan, Dagestan, Germany, Lithuania, and some other countries, and presents the analysis of the operational features of Ukrainian train ferries which connect Ukraine with Bulgaria, Georgia, and Turkey. Besides, the article describes some peculiarities of the loading and transportation of passenger trains by train ferries. The study deals with structural peculiarities, and processing technology used for modern train ferries operating across the Black Sea, the Caspian Sea and the Baltic Sea. The research is based on the analysis of works by Egorov (the Marine Engineering Bureau, Ukraine). The research emphasizes the importance of train ferry transportation for the sustainable development of national economies including the economy of Ukraine.

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10

Tuchkovenko, Yu S., B. H. Aleksandrov, O. R. Andrianova, M. F. Golodov, V. M. Komorin, O. S. Matyhin, G. G. Minicheva, and Yu I. Popov. "Odessa Scientific Cluster for oceanographic research: current state and prospects." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 19 (October 29, 2017): 106–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.19.2017.12.

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The paper presents an overview of the current state and prospects for development of oceanographic research that is performed at specialized institutions being the constituents of Odessa Scientific Cluster: The Ukrainian Scientific Center of Ecology of the Sea, the Institute of Marine Biology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Odessa Area Branch of State Hydrographic Service of Ukraine, the Black and Azov Seas Center for Hydrometeorology, the Odessa State Environmental University and the Hydroacoustics Department of the S. I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The priority tasks in the field of Oceanology, defined at the First All-Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Congress having being held in Odessa on 22-23 March 2017 are formulated. It is concluded that after Ukraine had lost the Crimean Scientific Oceanographic Cluster, the Odessa Cluster remained the only center in Ukraine which structural units had practical experience in marine research, scientific potential, scientific and methodological developments, an infrastructure for implementation of the tasks of the Maritime Doctrine of Ukraine for the period of up to 2035 as regards the issues related to oceanographic support for the maritime economic activity and sustainable development of Ukraine as a maritime nation. However, a necessary precondition for this is enhancement of the system for organization of oceanographic research at the state level and proper resource support for development of the scientific and technical potential.

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RUBEL, O. E., А. AGHAYEV, and A. A. ZHIKHAREVA. "INSTITUTIONAL-COGNITIVE AND NONLINEAR SCIENTIFIC FUNDAMENTALS OF INNOVATIVE "SMART"-SPECIALIZATION OF THE MARITIME ECONOMIC COMPLEX." Economic innovations 23, no. 2(79) (June 20, 2021): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2021.23.2(79).140-151.

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Topicality. In the twentieth century, there was an active discussion about the structure of the innovation process as a single period of scientific knowledge - from the promotion of ideas and hypotheses to the introduction of products to market. The beginning of the discussion of this issue was the work of S. Klein and N. Rosenberg "The positive sum strategy: Harnessing technology for economic grown". They described and criticized the classical linear model of innovation, based on the idea that the development of science is based on basic research, which then finds its continuation in applied research. Directive 2014/89 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the creation of a framework for the planning of maritime spaces states: "Maritime spatial planning is intended to organize the management of activities in marine and ocean areas and the sustainable use of marine and coastal resources . The European Parliament and the Council of the EU adopted the document on 23 July 2014. It officially entered into force on 18 September 2014. The Directive allows each EU country to plan its own maritime activities, but the planning process - nationally, regionally or locally - is compatible with EU law. implementation and minimum general requirements. Realization of the purpose of work causes the following tasks of research: to define the basic categories and concepts of "blue economy" and features of the economic mechanism of ecological regulation as preconditions of sustainable development; to develop ways to implement the integrated maritime policy of the European Union; to determine the impact of the approaches of the integrated maritime policy of the European Union on the institutional transformation of the maritime economic complex of Ukraine; to offer institutional-cognitive and nonlinear scientific principles of innovative "SMART" -specialization of the maritime complex; to propose approaches to the formation of institutional foundations for the implementation of Maritime Spatial Planning for Ukraine as a leading innovation in marine nature management. Aim and tasks. The purpose of this work is to analyze the institutional support of innovative practices in the management of greening of the maritime sector of Ukraine, based on the implementation of the environmental component of nonlinear approaches to SMART-specialization in the structure of Maritime Spatial Planning. Research results. After analyzing the current processes, the methodology of maritime spatial planning (MSP) focuses on reproducing a comprehensive picture of the spatial impact of the synergy of maritime sectors. In the future, the methodology focuses on updating the data over the medium term and taking into account possible future trends in the development of sectors of the maritime economy, including changes in the industrial structure and the growth of technological progress. MSP is focused not only on minimizing current stakeholder conflicts, but also on preventing such conflicts in the future. The development of a "maritime vision" or "desired scenario" should play a role in shaping the overall understanding of the future of maritime space, which should be supported by maritime spatial plans. On this basis, the development of a "vision" creates a common goal, agreed by all stakeholders, on what to strive for in the maritime spatial plan. MSP makes extensive use of methods based on marine data: analytical, quantitative, qualitative and spatial. In the initial stages of the MSP process, more creative, nonlinear creative techniques are used. In some cases, the vision development process itself has proved more important than the final vision document or action plan, serving as a mechanism for involving stakeholders in cooperation, as well as facilitating dialogue on a common future. The use of nonlinear approaches helps to focus MSP, as well as provide a basis for the purposes of SMART specialization of maritime space. Conclusion. The paper shows that the Itzkowitz-Leidesdorf model formalizes the dynamic shifts in the structure of interactions of the three sectors (triple helix) that occur as a result of innovation and complexity of socio-economic systems and is a convenient tool for analyzing the institutional organization and specifics of social interactions. which innovation ecosystems and the innovation economy as a whole. Thus, the genetic connection of "quadro", "quinto-helix" method and SMART specialization is substantiated in the work. . The paper proves that overcoming the uncertainty of management factors due to cognitive mechanisms of interaction within the quinto - helix is the leading mechanism of innovative management of greening of the economy and sea spatial flooding in particular.

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Марінічева, К. В., Д. О. Зубрицький та Л. В. Пчелінська. "Аналітичний стан нормативно-правової бази України щодо морських ссавців". Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії, № 4 (28 грудня 2018): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31210/visnyk2018.04.23.

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Наведено аналі стану нормативно-правової бази України щодо морських ссавців. Розглядається, для порівняння, нормативно-правова база щодо морських ссавців зарубіжних країн. Передові країни світу активно використовують морських ссавців в інтересах своїх флотів, а також у приватних дельфінаріях-океанаріумах для еколого-просвітницької діяльності і шоу-програм. Морські ссавці в Україні охороняються законом та є об`єктом моніторингу з метою виявлення основних причин загибелі, стану здоров’я, проблем відтворення. Актуальність теми обґрунтована тим, що існуючий контроль незаконного або випадкового видобутку, загибелі морських тварин в Україні недостатній. Надаються висновки та пропозиції для врегулювання проблематичних питань охорони і збереження морських ссавців Чорного моря. The study and analysis of the state of the legislative base of Ukraine concerning marine mammals is conducted in this article. The regulatory-legal base as to marine mammals in foreign countries is considered for comparison. The world's leading countries are actively using marine mammals for their fleets, as well as private dolphinariums-oceanariums for ecological-educational activities and show programs. Marine mammals in Ukraine are protected by law and they are the object of monitoring in order to identify the main causes of death, health condition, and reproduction problems. The urgency of the topic is based on the fact that the existing control of illegal or accidental extraction, the death of marine animals in Ukraine is insufficient. Every year a large number of marine mammals (dolphins) die from fishing nets of poachers, under screws bolts of various floating crafts and other kinds of human economic activities (catching fish and seafood, mineral resources, etc.). The introduction of moratorium on the cetaceans’ catching in the Black Sea and Azov Sea for any purpose was due to the deterioration of the situation of protecting marine mammals that are under the danger of extinction. The problem of the mass death of marine mammals is catastrophic. The conclusions and suggestions for solving problematic issues of protecting and preserving marine mammals of the Black Sea are presented. The prospective direction of further research is indicated – the organization of monitoring marine mammals in the system of state ecological monitoring (collecting the data on spreading, including the registration of mammals, cast ashore).

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Burhaz, Maryna, and Olha Soborova. "FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT AND THE FORMATION OF THE FISH PRODUCTS MARKET IN UKRAINE AND IN THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 6, no. 3 (August 5, 2020): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2020-6-3-10-18.

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The fishing industry is an important component of the economy not only in Ukraine, but also in all Central and Eastern European countries at the present stage of development. Developing and implementing the innovative technologies in fish farming and fish processing require mandatory and constant analysis of the fish market infrastructure. In the fishing industry, trade plays an important role as an employment center, a food supplier, a source of income, a contribution to economic growth and development, and also for food security and nutrition. For many countries and numerous coastal, river, island and inland regions, fish exports are critically important to the economy. The purpose of the study is to find out a current state of the fishing industry in Ukraine and in the Central and Eastern European countries, the prospects for its development and to conduct a research of fish and fish products importexport. The problem of the fisheries economic development in Ukraine and in the Central and Eastern European countries has been considered in the works of many domestic scientists and is reflected in a number of Laws of Ukraine, state programs and legislative acts, but many issues remain unsolved. Methodology. The state of fisheries in Ukraine has been researched, the amount of edible fish and fish products per capita by the population of Ukraine over the past 10 years has been carried out, and the volume of fish and fish products imports and exports in recent years in Ukraine has been analyzed. The catch volumes of fish and fish products in Europe in marine areas, inland waters, and the total volume of aquaculture production in the period from 2000 to 2018 in the Central and Eastern Europe countries have been studied. Result. Since the beginning of the 21st century, Ukraine has lost its potential and fishing opportunities in the marine economic zones of other countries, as a result of which the production of aquatic biological resources was reduced to 220 000-250 000 tons per year from 2007 to 2013. As a result of the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula by the Russian Federation in 2014, the production of aquatic bioresources in Ukraine has further decreased from 225 000 tons in 2013 to 90 000 tons in 2014-2019. All this shows that the Ukrainian fishing industry market is not provided at the expense of its own resources. Therefore, Ukraine constantly imports products from the non-resident partners. Today, Ukraine imports about 90% of fish. This situation is due to the lack of a specialized fleet, processing industry, quotas in the neutral waters and poaching. In addition, the cost of the Ukrainian fish is higher than imported ones, so the products lose their competitiveness. Despite significant imports of fish and fish products to Ukraine, the country continues to increase its domestic products export. In 2019, export of fish products increased by almost 10% compared to 2018, and the Ukrainian producing companies continue to open new sales markets for their products in different countries of the world. Due to limited access to the open sea and a relatively small coastline, almost all Eastern and Central European countries are not among the leaders in fish industry and seafood production. To provide the population with fish and fish products in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, fish are caught intensively in inland waters, as well as, this region is actively restoring its traditional aquaculture systems. In Central and Eastern Europe, the fish processing industry has made great strides in the quality of fishery products, sanitation, transport and supply chain traceability. Practical implications. Currently, fish industry in almost all countries of Central and Eastern Europe is going through a problematic time that has developed due to a number of difficulties in the states, namely: financial ones, a breach of economic ties, the deterioration of the ecological status of the inland waters, an insufficient amount of work to restore fish stocks. This significantly affects the reduction in cultivating and catching the commercial fish in inland waters and in general. The results of the analysis of the economic situation of Ukraine in the fishing industry and the tendencies of possible changes indicate that negative patterns in its development will not be overcome in the absence of state support for the industry. To ensure the development of the fishing industry, the state must restructure the tax and customs policy, and its financing should be carried out at the expense of the state budget. Funding should also be provided for the organizations engaged in the fish stocks study, conservation and reproduction, as well as for the research organizations that carry out the thematic work of national importance. Many transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe have experienced declining in production intensity due to reduced fish farming costs. But in spite of everything, the fisheries of this region continue to grow and develop intensively.

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ROZVADOVSKA, O. V. "SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT OF MERCHANT SHIPPING OF UKRAINE IN TERMS OF DIVERSIFICATION OF MARITIME TRADE MARKET." Economic innovations 20, no. 3(68) (September 20, 2018): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.3(68).175-184.

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Topicality. Shipping is a global industry, and its prospects are closely linked to the level of economic activity in the world. A higher level of economic growth usually leads to higher output of industrial goods, which in turn stimulates imports and exports. In the conditions of globalization of economic relations, the complicated dynamics of the potential and results of the maritime trade market is formed. In this case, quantitative, qualitative and structural changes both in the industrial infrastructure as a whole, and within the separate subsystems are allocated. The dynamism of this process is becoming the most important factor in the development of maritime transport potential. Therefore, the article deals with the fundamental features of the required response to the set of changes in the global shipping industry.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to clarify the basic laws that determine the competitive directions of the development of commercial shipping in Ukraine in the context of the globalization of international relations, as well as to determine the prospects for the development of the maritime transport subsystem of Ukraine. It is important to identify rigid tendencies and new patterns of balanced and integrated development of the world transport industry and its regional, national and specialized subsystems.Research results. Strengthening and intensification of international integration processes puts a number of issues and problems before the Ukrainian economy. The presented article summarizes and substantiates the actual and important problem of the development of Ukraine's merchant fleet in the conditions of globalization of international relations, proposes a strategy for the formation of production potential for the competitive positioning of the marine transport complex of Ukraine, as well as scientific and practical recommendations for their implementation in the modern conditions of the country's economy.Conclusions. The modern structure of the world market of maritime transport services can be represented as a dynamically developed network of local markets, which intersect and / or do not overlap, whose boundaries form one or another segment of the market. Increasing the role of maritime enterprises in the system of maintaining the efficiency of the international division of labor leads to the emphasis on the national subsystems on the priority development of the fleet and ports. Solving the two-fold task - meeting the needs of the national economy and expanding the export of transport services forms, in the conditions of the availability of investment resources, the direction of development of enterprises of maritime transport. At the same time, the functions of the merchant fleet and ports are expanding and strategies for maintaining competitiveness within the active part of the company's life cycle are implemented, taking into account the uneven economic growth.

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RUBEL, O., A. A. ZHIKHAREVA, and N. REZNICHENKO. "INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF MARINE STRATEGY FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE: SYSTEM, DYNAMICS AND MEASURES." Economic innovations 20, no. 3(68) (September 20, 2018): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.3(68).185-196.

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Анотація:

Topicality. Over the past decade, there have been signs of improvement of the Black Sea. However, its unique water areas and coastline are still under serious threat. The Black Sea is unprotected from significant anthropogenic pressures, and has a low adaptive potential. If as the region's economy grows, these pressures will intensify, the problem will become more serious.The implementation of the Directive 2008/56/EC establishing a framework for Community action in the field of environmental policy on the marine environment (Marine Strategy Framework Directive) are important for Ukraine. The use of the marine environment, taking into account the ecosystem approach and the principle of integrated management improves the environment, biodiversity, development of industries marine complex, especially commercial fish and shellfish, recreation and tourism.Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to discuss the challenge to institutional development for funding of implementation of EC Marine strategy framework directive.Research results. Directive 2008/56/EC aims to achieve good environmental status of marine waters and to protect the marine resources that affect the economic and social activities. The main stages of the implementation of Directive 2008/56/EC include: 1) adoption of national legislation and designation the authority or authorities competent for the implementation of this Directive; 2) initial assessment of the current environmental status of marine waters; determine good environmental status for marine waters and establishment environmental targets and associated indicators; establishment of monitoring program for the development of ongoing assessment and regular updating purposes; 3) development programme of measures to achieve good environmental status.Focus is on methodological questions related to a common understanding of the technical and scientific implications of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. In particular, one of the objectives of the strategy is the development of non-legally binding and practical documents, such as co-financing of MSFD measures.Conclusions. The cooperation towards the setting up of the Common Maritime Agenda is a bottom-up process between the participating countries, with the involvement of the relevant stakeholders. Participation in the activities which will be undertaken under this cooperation remains voluntary, depending on the needs to be addressed and as appropriate.

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MEZINA, L. V. "PARAMETERS AND FACTORS OF ENSURING COMPETITIVE STABILITY OF THE PORT SECTOR OF UKRAINE." Economic innovations 20, no. 2(67) (June 20, 2018): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.2(67).158-167.

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Topicality. The expediency of the development of scientific regulations is related to the main problems of achieving the competitiveness of the sea trade ports of Ukraine in the maritime trade market, first of all with the necessity: to achieve the adequacy of the technical and economic level of the stevedoring operators to the requirements of the environment; compliance with national needs and multimodal transport systems; support of national zones of international transport corridors; development of theoretical and methodological foundations for the competitive positioning of national maritime trading ports, taking into account the conditions of integration and globalization.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to clarify new trends in the system of competitive positioning of sea merchant ports, to systematize the parameters of the competitiveness of national maritime merchant ports and to substantiate the factors of effective development of Ukraine's port infrastructure.Research results. The condition and conditions of the competitive development of Ukrainian seaports in the system of maritime trade market are analyzed. The assessment of the port infrastructure of the national terminal operators is given and the development trends and perspectives of the competitive positioning of the national stevedoring operators are grounded. The system factors and parameters of functioning of marine transport enterprises are grounded. The dynamics of cargo turnover of the largest container ports of Europe for the period 2015-2017 is presented and the main tendencies of development of container terminals of the world economy are revealed. The evaluation of the competitive functioning of state and private national stevedoring operators and the identification of the problem of economic stability of sea trading ports in the system of competitive positioning in the regional maritime trade market was conducted. The estimation of the relation between the profit rate and the cost of loading and unloading works of the largest ports of Ukraine is presented and given, and the change in the structure of the cargo traffic of sea ports of Ukraine under the influence of new trends in the world maritime transport industry is analyzed.Conclusions. The systematic parameters of the competitiveness of Ukrainian seaports in the maritime trade market system are substantiated and the main principles of achieving the normalized economic results of functioning of the sea commercial ports of Ukraine are substantiated. The information-logistic model, which characterizes the influence of external conditions on the competitive positioning of national sea commercial ports, is presented. The main features of the competitiveness of national stevedoring operators are revealed. The new tendencies in the system of competitive positioning of the sea commercial ports of Ukraine are specified, factors of competitive stability of the port infrastructure under the conditions of risk and uncertainty are grounded. The revealed standards and restrictions of development of the port infrastructure of the national maritime trading ports in the system of globalization and integration.

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Yemelianov, Volodymyr O. "THE OCEAN. CONCEPTUAL BASES OF DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR MARINE SCIENCES AND INNOVATIONS IN UKRAINE." Visnik Nacional'noi' academii' nauk Ukrai'ni, no. 10 (October 20, 2020): 82–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/visn2020.10.082.

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The rapid development of marine sciences and innovations in the world leads to the increasing use of their fundamental and applied results, including sea-related technologies, in virtually all spheres of human existence. In the public policy of developed maritime countries, researches and developments aimed at better understanding the role of the world ocean and the possibilities of its use to address socio-economic and security challenges have long been among the highest priorities. Analyzing the basic problems of organization and functioning of domestic maritime scientific and innovative activities, the author notes that further delay in developing a strategy for such activities may not only lead to the final loss of maritime status by our country, but also complicate prospects for further socio-economic development and weaken the system of national security. The article proposes the conceptual foundations of the strategy for the development of marine scientific and innovative activities in Ukraine.

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Zagorodniuk, S. "Preventive measures to ensure the sea fishing regime." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 68 (March 24, 2022): 216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.68.37.

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Marine areas that contain living resources are subject to international protection; their species, one of which is the maritime economic zone, have a special legal status: they can be marine - fishing and territorial areas of general purpose. The legislation of Ukraine actualizes the problem of environmental protection, creation of conditions of inviolability of law enforcement activity of a set of norms of various branches of law. The general causes and conditions of environmental crime are in the system of contradictions that arise from the interaction of man, society and nature. Their essence is that society, being part of the biosphere, resists the ecosystem due to limited opportunities for nature. The growth of environmental crime is facilitated by the shortcomings of current legislation and its protection by relevant government agencies, the lack of mechanisms for its effective implementation. Within the zones of general definition, the laws of Ukraine apply to all offenses. Such a zone is recognized as the territory of the respective state and the laws apply to persons who have committed the relevant offenses. In this case, there may be peculiarities in the application of laws that contain a blanket disposition. An example is environmental offenses, the responsibility for which is based on other regulations. In the conditions of such zones, the corresponding normative acts have specifics which distinguish their application in the territory of other states. Within the exclusive (marine) economic zone, coastal states have the right to carry out exploration, development, management of natural resources, to exercise jurisdiction over the conservation of the marine environment, to conduct marine research

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Lavrushchenko, Yu O. "DIRECTIONS OF THE BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN CONDITIONS OF THE MARKET OF TRANSPORT SERVICES GLOBALIZATION." Economic innovations 20, no. 3(68) (September 20, 2018): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.3(68).136-144.

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Анотація:

Topicality. The relevance of a problem of development of world economic communications, an advantageous geopolitical position of Ukraine which is on crossing of the major trade ways reveals economic prerequisites and regional aspects of creation of logistics transport and distributive systems when forming strategy of service of transport freight traffics through the territory of Ukraine.Also tendencies of development of world economic communications predetermine expansion of production communications and the international economic cooperation. However the uneven constant growth of transnational and transborder streams and the international transit predetermines new tasks and problems of management of commodity and cash flows.Aim and tasks. Among the priority directions of transport policy, along with development of technical means of transport, need of updating of its fixed assets at qualitatively new level, introductions of new progressive technologies, informatization of transportation process, problems of ensuring coordination of activity of different types of transport, development of intermodal transportation of goods in the international transport corridors, the complex solution of regional transport tasks are allocated, to integration of the Ukrainian market of transport services into the world transport system.Research results.The major theoretical and practical task is creation of system of integrated management of balance of interests and efficiency of functioning of the integrated transport systems.It is necessary to pay attention to basic value for the integrated aspirations of Ukraine in a sea economic complex. The role of a sea economic complex of Ukraine is not realized sufficiently therefore the target national program of stability of functioning of merchant marine fleet, seaports, ship-building base and service divisions of a complex is not developed. Control of sustainable development of a transport component of a sea economic complex has to be exercised according to the method given (formula 1). Then parameters of stability of a sea transport complex have to be regulated on the basis of the principle of sufficiency of potential by macroeconomic results.Conclusions. Participation of the national fleet and ports in development of integration processes on transport in the conditions of globalization of world economy has to be based on organizational and economic prerequisites of formation and development of the integrated transport and distributive systems at the regional, interregional and international levels.

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Sadchenko, E. V. "THEORETICAL BASICS OF MARKETING MARINE NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT." Economic innovations 19, no. 2(64) (July 7, 2017): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.2(64).273-281.

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The article examines the main marketing approaches to the management of marketing activities on the basis of improving the economic and environmental cadastral mechanism. Inventories are described as a form of integrated presentation of information on specific natural resources and their rational economic use. The principles of conducting the marine economic-ecological cadastre are considered. Eco-marketing directions that allow the complex use of data from several cadastres that are important in developing plans for the economic, ecological and social development of the marine complex. The question of the concept of cadastre objects has a certain theoretical and great practical significance. From its correct decision depends the breadth of the factors that are subject to regulatory and legal regulation in the process of developing and maintaining the cadastre, the competence of government bodies that perform cadastral functions. The effectiveness of the legal regulation of marine cadastres is dependent on the structural and functional organization of state bodies of Ukraine, leading the cadastre, their law enforcement activities, the speed with which they comply with the established procedure for conducting marine economic and environmental cadastres. The concept of the formation of marine economic and environmental cadastres and potentials is aimed at improving the ecological situation in coastal areas, improving the living conditions of the population in the coastal zone, and meeting the needs of the population in high-quality ecologically safe marine resources. Eco-marketing activities in cadastre management open up wide opportunities in the field of legal regulation of relations on on-farm use and protection of marine resources.

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IARMOLOVYCH, D. Yu. "AGENCY SERVICES FOR MARINE VESSELS: INSTRUMENTS OF ECONOMIC SCIENCE AND PRACTICE." Economic innovations 20, no. 2(67) (June 20, 2018): 210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.2(67).210-221.

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Topicality. Actuality of the problem of determining the boundaries of agency activity. Identification of the features of its activities. Creation of a favorable climate for the agency market in Ukraine, which will allow the country to occupy the appropriate place in the world transport market of labor distribution. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical, methodological and practical proposals for the market of maritime agency, which will allow to approve the status of the country as a naval state and increase the profitability of this entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine. Research results. The essence of the category of maritime agent as a representative and assistant of the shipowner acting on behalf and at the expense of the latter in accordance with the powers based on the law or agreement, in all cases of the shipowner of a commercial and administrative nature, which is related to the sea transportation of goods or of passengers And also the essence of clandestine commercial mediation and agency activities, taking into account existing legislative acts. Yes, there are signs of what this business is doing; the subject of agency activity is the provision of services; agency services are provided exclusively to business entities and exclusively in economic activities, and that services are provided through mediation carried out on behalf of, in the interest, under the control and at the expense of the entity represented. The examples of contact work of the marine agent are given. The article gives a classification of marine agents on various grounds. Separate types of agency companies that provide the appropriate level of completeness and quality of agency services that fall under their responsibilities. Conclusions. Thus, the existence of an entrepreneurial activity in the agency of seagoing vessels is a special, independent form of agency activity based on the exercise of representative functions for the performance of the duties of the shipowner in accordance with the customs of the port of departure of the ship, its maintenance there and protection of the interests of the shipowner in respect of any circumstances that arise in this regard, and in no case can be attributed to mediation.

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Zhuralov, Yu I. "USE EFFICIENCY OF THE FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS (FC) OF DECK MECHANISMS." Ship power plants 39, no. 1 (May 5, 2019): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31653/smf39.2019.143-149.

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Statement of the problem in a general case and its connection with the important scientific or practical problems. The flexible connections (FC) of large length are used at towages, deep-water well-drilling and other works in the marine economy complex of Ukraine as a part of ship power plants. The solving of the problem for an estimation of oscillations in flexible working tools of large length will allow to reduce the terms and amount of the works related to their assembling, and, in turn, will bring down the expenses on acquisition and exploitation (FC). The deriving of the oscillations ’ equations (FC) is of undoubted interest, since they can be used for the study of the World ocean, investigation and exploitation of submarine mineral deposits, submarine geology and topography, choice of routes of submarine cable lines and pipelines, control of works’ quality on their laying, study of the sea ecology.

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Oveckiy, Sergiy, Yurii Melnychenko, Lesia Moroz, and Yaroslav Yakymechko. "Development of marine gas hydrate deposits with alternative use of the potential of the gas transport system on the example of Ukraine." Technology audit and production reserves 4, no. 1(60) (July 27, 2021): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.237171.

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The object of research is the use of a pipeline system for the production of methane and utilization of carbon dioxide. One of the most problematic areas in this scheme is the substantiation of the effectiveness and the possibility of using the existing pipeline system of countries that are gradually moving towards carbon neutrality of the economy based on the principles of sustainable development. In this case, these principles are implemented through the consumer’s access to clean energy by burning gas obtained from offshore hydrate fields at thermal power plants with the simultaneous utilization of carbon dioxide. In the course of the study, the methods of mathematical modelling of the development of offshore gas hydrate fields were used, which were developed earlier in the study of methane production from hydrate deposits by the replacement method. Comparison of the block diagram of the development of offshore gas hydrate fields using the existing pipeline system by means of logical analysis made it possible to establish not only the economic, but also the environmental effect. Data have been obtained that the gas transmission system, provided that carbon dioxide is transported, can be effectively used at various stages of the development of offshore gas hydrate fields. This is due to the fact that the proposed development block diagram has a number of design features, in particular, the possibilities of using the gas transmission system at the stage of development, production and decommissioning of wells are taken into account. This makes it possible to efficiently use carbon dioxide transported from power plants using the existing transport system to the development site of offshore hydrate deposits. Compared with similar known methods of carbon dioxide utilization, this provides the following advantages: alternative use of the existing pipeline system for the purpose of greening the technology of methane production from offshore hydrate deposits. The principles considered in the work make it possible to dispose carbon dioxide in the form of a hydrate under the seabed. The achieved economic effect can be considered as income received from the sale of electricity produced at power plants, and quite obvious environmental effect.

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Hohol, Tetiana, and Ulyana Nedilska. "The Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Rural Areas of Ukraine: The Governance Challenge." Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources 04, no. 04 (December 31, 2021): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33002/nr2581.6853.040406.

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This article describes the evolution of the regulatory framework for sustainable development in Ukraine based on ratified international treaties and supports the formation of an appropriate legal framework and State policy. The formation of regulatory mechanisms for sustainable developmental goals in Ukraine are aimed at strengthening and ensuring the fair implementation of the citizen’ rights as guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine. It also relates to the property rights of the Ukrainian people to land, its bowels, atmospheric air, water and other natural resources within the territory, the natural resources of the continental shelf and the exclusive (marine) economic zone, if the rural areas exist in coastal zones. Since the local officials play a key role in implementing sustainable practices in forestry, fisheries, water management, agriculture and tourism, they can execute capacity building, address the needs of various sectors, promote locally produced sustainable produce, implement incentive schemes, and enforce the regulations and management practices. They can also promote and propagate the economic benefits from the conserved resources to rural constituencies. The local governments can also better manage and mitigate the disasters through maintaining and restoring the ecosystems.

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Kukharchyk, A. G. "MULTIMODAL CLUSTER CREATION." Economic innovations 19, no. 1(63) (April 24, 2017): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.1(63).132-138.

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The prospects of the transport development and production associations in the sea-economic system complex of Ukraine are considered in the paper. The definition of a cluster is given, its types are analyzed. It is proposed to create a multimodal cluster in the Odessa region. Maritime trade ports become centers for the intensification of transport and freight flows. The development of interaction forms comes from the simplest port and industrial zones through their association in port-industrial units based on the general infrastructure, the creation of port-industrial complexes and the formation of transport and industrial complexes, representing an informal association of transport and industrial enterprises. As well as related organizations located in a certain territory and operating on the principles of commonality of interests. A higher level of interaction between enterprises, organizations and institutions in the system of a sea-economy complex should be the creation of multimodal clusters in the marine regions of the country, involving the involvement of educational institutions, research institutes, banks, insurance companies and other companies in the sphere of interaction, which will create an atmosphere of trust between power and business, improve the competitive environment, provide productivity growth both to industrial enterprises and to port activity and related activities.

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Begma, Vitaliу, Volodymyr Shemаyev, Denis Radov, and Polina Tolok. "PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE USA IN THE HIGH-TECH SPHERE." Strategic Panorama, no. 1-2 (December 7, 2021): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53679/2616-9460.1-2.2021.08.

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Ukraine’s international economic cooperation with other countries is becoming a determining factor in providing national security, in particular, in the political, military and economic spheres. This is manifested in such areas as the equipping of the Armed Forces and other components, the implementation of national weapons production projects and the export of Ukrainian weapons. The Russian Federation's aggression against Ukraine in 2014 led not only to the cessation of Ukrainian-Russian high-technical cooperation, but also transformed Russia from a competitor in the market of weapons of mass destruction into an overt enemy of the Ukrainian state, which compelled Ukraine to start looking for a new model of behavior in the market. Given that both Ukraine and the Russian Federation operate largely in the same segment the weapons market, Ukraine would be able to move from this segment dominated by our main competitor only with the support of our strategic partners and international sanctions policy against the RF because of its aggression against Ukraine. The possibility of using high-technical cooperation between Ukraine and the USA as an instrument of displacement of the Russian Federation from the world market of weapons-equipped vehicles is substantiated. It is proved that US interest in the implementation of sanctions imposed by the Russian Federation and the prevention of Russian weapons in the zone of conflict through third countries can be a powerful impetus for the development of Ukrainian-American cooperation in the high-tech sphere. Cooperation in traditional industries such as transport aircraft building, marine shipbuilding and turbine construction, rocket engineering, which are predominantly state-owned and not traded on stock markets, requires additional attention from the state to attract US investment and assistance. Variants of development of these basic branches industries have been addressed in numerous research papers. At the same time, other areas of cooperation deserve a greater attention. Priority, in our opinion, should be given to strategic materials for manufacturing and energy sector; electronics and communications industry. The article discusses ways to enhance military technology cooperation in a manner that would better reflect both parties’ strategic interests and argues that a deeper understanding of these interests will help attract investment into the domestic industrial sector.

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Kukshinova, О. О., and O. L. Kuzminov. "Legal regulation of maritime agency in Ukraine." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 67 (January 16, 2022): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.67.61.

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The article analyzes the regulations governing maritime agency in Ukraine namely: Merchant Shipping Code of Ukraine, Сommercial Code of Ukraine, The Civil Code of Ukraine, Laws of Ukraine «On seaports of Ukraine», «On transit of goods», «On foreign economic activity», as well as the Order of the Ministry Infrastructure of Ukraine «On approval of the Rules for the provision of services in seaports of Ukraine». It is investigated that in almost every one of these regulations, regulation of maritime agents is enshrined only a few provisions mentioning a non-marine agent sufficient to settle such a complex maritime institution farms. Attention is drawn to the fact that in addition to laws and bylaws, agency relations between the parties are governed by their own regulations maritime agency agreements. It is investigated, that in most countries the legislation contains norms that relating to maritime agency, but they are all fragmentary, disparate in nature and regulate only some aspects of agency activities. In practice, there is usually a relationship between the shipowner and the shipping agent subject to the general provisions of civil or commercial law, devoted to the institution of representation, and fall under the concept of contract authorization. According to the content of the above highlighted, the main features of the maritime agency: it is a business activity; the subject of this activity is provision of services; services are provided exclusively to business entities; services are provided through mediation; services are provided exclusively in economic activity; mediation is carried out on behalf of, in the interests of under the control and at the expense of the entity represented. The study allows us to conclude, that the maritime agency as a separate type of activity, requires legal consolidation on levels of a special legislative act. Such a special legislative act may be the Law of Ukraine «On Agency Activities», in which, it is necessary to consolidate the regulatory framework for regulation maritime agency, organizational and legal status of the maritime agent and legal status of maritime agency companies; solution problems related to determining the limits of liability of maritime agents; recognition of the maritime agency agreement as a separate type of civil business agreements; establishing a standard form of maritime contract agency in accordance with national specifics.

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Parsyak, Volodymyr, and Оlena Zhukova. "ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF MANAGEMENT OF THE MARINE INDUSTRY CLUSTER IN UKRAINE." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 5 (February 8, 2020): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-5-110-120.

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The purpose of the paper is to to elucidate the authors' attitude to the nature of clusters that have become widespread in marine economic activity, find out the motives that lead to their initiation, to demonstrate the variants of their organizational structure of management and the sources of funds needed to perform the delegated functions, in the context of current Ukrainian legislation. Methodology. Towards this goal the authors collected, systematized and analyzed a number of facts obtained from numerous publications in writing and electronic domestic and foreign publications. Results. Commodity diversity, which is so welcomed by consumers in developed countries, is the result of a strenuous competitive battle between suppliers at the market of alternative products and services. It is carried out not only among consumer goods producers, but also covers shipbuilding corporations and many related firms, among which there are medium and small ones in value creation chains. Often, they are concentrated in specific regions and in one way or another determine its industrial specialization. Competition does not bypass any country, although sometimes there is a sense that only those who keep marching the thorny paths of economic, political and social reforms are affected. For this reason, everyone is constantly looking for tools to reinforce their strengths over opponents in the fight for solvent purchasers. Clusters occupy a valid place among such tools, and it is generally recognized. In the countries of the European Union, clusterization has been raised to the level of public policy, strategies of behavior of entire industries and certain enterprises. In domestic areas, it is often that not everybody can clearly understand even the nature of clusters. Practical implications. The word "cluster" is etymologically derived from English and means "association" or "union". The Ukrainian legislator, while building the institutional basis for economic development, does not use this term, but outlines its varieties and formalizes procedures for starting unions. For this reason, domestic clusters are single and are rather examples of an initiative of the territorial communities. One of such initiatives can be considered an offer from a number of enterprises, organizations and authorities created in the Mykolaiv region. It is formalized in the form of the Mykolaiv maritime service cluster. Value/originality. Observing the first steps of the initiators shows that the enthusiasm of the pioneers is unlikely to be enough to solve all the tasks that have already been set up, and even more the tasks for the cluster to be solved in the future. Thus, there is nothing to do without creating at least a small administration. Since the top of the cluster is an unprofitable organization, according to the current legislation, it is most viewed by such organizational and legal forms as a cooperative (servicing) or a public union. If you consider them, you have an opportunity to create a budget and use the funds received for the implementation of approved plans, programs and projects.

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Shypotilova, O., A. Kozhanov, L. Lohinova, and O. Lohinov. "The problem of the Black Sea pollution in Odessa region of Ukraine." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 915, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/915/1/012008.

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Abstract The article considers the problem of Black Sea pollution in Odessa region. The researchers made a comparative analysis based on archival and modern materials, statistics on the assessment of pollution of the Black Sea coast around the city of Odessa, as well as adjacent areas to the region. The urgent task of Ukraine as a maritime state is to ensure optimal and sustainable functioning of the maritime complex. The Black Sea has been significantly affected by anthropogenic and man-made activities, which affects its water regime and properties. Therefore, researchers raise the issue of efficient use of natural resources as one of the most important conditions for sustainable social-economic development. In the article we come to the conclusion that the Black Sea ecosystem is affected by the reduction of fresh water, which leads to the influx of inorganic, organic and toxic substances etc. Thus, the researchers highlighted important issues of marine pollution in Ukraine, trying to draw the attention of scientists and the public to address pressing issues and find additional funding for the conservation of the Black Sea ecosystem.

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BURKYNSKYI, B. V., S. V. ILCHENKO, V. K. SIMONENKO, and А. V. KENS. "THEORETICAL BASIS AND DEFINITIONAL CLARITY OF RESEARCH OF WATERWAY TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT." Economic innovations 23, no. 2(79) (June 20, 2021): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2021.23.2(79).8-24.

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Topicality. One of the important spheres of economic activity of the country is transport, the infrastructure of which is quite ramified by national and world borders. In the transformational conditions of development, questions of its productive development arise, which will contribute to ensuring an increase in the added value of Ukraine�s GDP and accelerating European integration processes. Moving towards sustainable consumption and production patterns and environmental sustainability requires urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts, protect and restore terrestrial ecosystems and others. Therefore, among all types of transport, it is advisable to develop water transport, in particular in Ukraine, while ensuring the conservation and rational use of the oceans, seas and marine resources. It can act as a catalyst for the implementation of the transit potential of Ukraine and an instrument to accelerate the country�s economic development. However, the existing differences in the interpretation and understanding of the conceptual apparatus of the development of water transport require updating and clarification. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to conduct a critical analysis of the legal framework and scientific views of foreign and domestic scientists on the range of issues of water transport development in modern conditions. Research results. It has been established that in the scientific community the concept of "development" is considered as a special form of movement for changes in qualitative, quantitative and structural changes. Studying the essence of the category �transport� as well as �sea transport� and �inland water transport� as its components, the main normative legal acts of various legal force, regulating the legal relations of the subjects of water transport, have been investigated. Based on the analysis of the works of domestic and foreign scientists on various problems of the development of water transport, the existing theoretical basis has been developed. The modern semantic content of the concept of �development of water transport� is formulated, taking into account the modern changes taking place in the process of transformation of the national economy, taking into account world trends. It is proposed to understand the concept of �development of water transport� as a dynamic category, which is inherent in an evolutionary form and focused on the acquisition of new interrelated functions, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of water transport, aimed at regulatory, economic, social and environmental support for the effective functioning of its subjects of objects in the context the need to realize its potential as a tool to accelerate economic development and increase the country�s competitiveness. Conclusion. The fundamental aspects of the development of water transport are determined: regulatory, legal, economic, social, environmental. This made it possible to identify their direction, prerequisites for the development process and driving forces. This will contribute to improving the regulatory framework by regulating the rules of the game, developing and implementing a strategy for the development of water transport by optimizing state policy in this area. In turn, this will stimulate an increase in the gross domestic product of Ukraine and the share of the water transport sector in it, the general welfare of citizens and competitiveness at the international level.

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Mahas, H. A. "Retrospective analysis of the border guard policy on providing integrity of the state border of Ukraine." Public administration aspects 6, no. 1-2 (March 31, 2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/1520184.

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With the advent of Ukraine’s independence, its border guard policy was aimed at ensuring territorial integrity, establishing its own border security system, organizing border protection around the perimeter and protecting the exclusive (marine) economic zone. Protection of the state border of Ukraine is an integral part of the national system of protection of the state border and is performed by the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine on land, sea, rivers, lakes and other reservoirs, according to the powers granted to ensure the integrity of the state border of Ukraine. The article is devoted to the research of the formation of the state border protection system as a mechanism for ensuring the integrity of the state border of Ukraine. The author analyzes the stages of formation, problems and prospects of the protection of the state border of Ukraine through the prism of the activity of the border guard authority of Ukraine on the implementation of the border gurd policy. Based on the analysis of adoption and implementation of legal acts, concepts and programs of strategic importance in the field of protection of the state border (a feature of planning), as well as taking into account the scientific achievements of scientists and variability of the security environment that led to changes (a sign of development), the process of formation and development of the state border protection system is proposed to be divided into five periods, namely: the first – 1991-1993 (on the basis of planning and development);the second – 1994- 1999 (on the basis of planning and development);the third – 2000-2005 (on the basis of planning), 2000 – July 2003 (on the basis of development);the fourth – 2006-2015 (on the basis of planning), August 2003-2013 (on the basis of development);the fifth – 2016-2020 (on the basis of planning), 2014 - 2020 (on the basis of development).The results of the retrospective analysis allowed to establish the following patterns of formation and development of the state border protection system:1. The border guard policy is aimed at ensuring territorial integrity, establishing its own state border protection system and protection of the exclusive (marine) economic zone. 2. Formation of the state border protection system is influenced by a number of factors, including: the peculiarity of the geographical position of Ukraine (presence of international transport corridors; presence of «frozen» conflicts in the regions bordering on Ukraine; unregulated migration and smuggling activities; the need for significant resources for the border infrastructure development, etc.). 3. The functional complexity of the border guard institution evolves in the direction of: militaristic – law enforcement – law enforcement and militaristic.4. The increasing level of integration of subjects, which provide border security in the security space. 5. Increased attention to the need for balancing vital interests in the field of state border protection. 6. A noticeable tendency to increase the capacity of the state border guard system to counter current threats: armed conflicts at the state border, smuggling of weapons, drug trafficking, unregulated migration, illegal extraction and theft of national treasures, etc. 7. Determining of strategic directions of ensuring the border security is carried out at the highest state level within the framework of the Comprehensive Review of the Security and Defense Sector, drafting of the Conceptual Basis for the Reform of the Law Enforcement Agencies and the Concept of the Reform of the Criminal Justice of Ukraine. 8. When elaborating approaches to the development of the state border guard system (close, medium and long-term perspective), it is necessary to take into account the experience of the new EU member states in preparing for accession to the EU and joining the Schengen agreement.

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32

Bilous, L. "STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE NEEDS OF ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 73 (2019): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2019.73.1.

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Анотація:

A Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) was considered as an environmental governance tool. The history of the development of the SEA and an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) were outlined. The EIA was considered as an environmental management tool. The role of the SEA is determined by its place in the decision-making process. The SEA can be used to assess a proposed policy, plan or programme (PPP) that has already been developed; or it can be used to develop, evaluate and modify a policy, plan or programme during its formulation. The legal framework for the SEA is defined by Directive 2001/42 / EC on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programs on the environment (SEA Directive). The SEA experience in Ukraine was analyzed. The reports of the SEAs of Development Strategies of Kremenchug, Gorishni Plavni and Dnipropetrovsk region were considered. The conclusion was made about the problems orientation of the Ukrainian SEAs. Inadequate attention to issues of comprehensive knowledge of the natural territorial organization, information inventory of natural resource potential of geosystems and ecosystem services are characterized by national SEAs. Inadequate attention to the issues of studying the natural organization of territories, inventory of natural resources potential of geosystems and ecosystem services are typical for the Ukraine SEAs. А concept of ecosystem services (ES) was proposed as a basis for the SEA. It is a scientific environment for the study of ecosystems, their service potential and socio-economic value. The history of the ES concept was considered in connection with the activities of the projects and programs. There are «Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA)», «The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (ТЕЕВ)», «Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES)». An overview of the ecosystem services classifications was proposed in the projects and programs. The methodology of identification of ES in the context of ecosystems for SEA was considered. Ecoregion was defined as an object of SEA and environmental governance. The review of the ecoregions of Ukraine was proposed. 12 ecoregions were defined as existing on the territory of Ukraine. The terrestrial ecoregions are represented by European mixed forests, the Eastern European forest steppe, Pontic steppe, Crimean Submediterranean forest complex, Carpathian montane forests, Pannonian mixed forests. The freshwater ecoregions are represented by Central & Western Europe, Dniester – Lower Danube, Dnieper – South Bug, Crimea Peninsula, Don. Marine ecoregion plays an important role in the nature protection system of Ukraine. This ecoregion is the Mediterranean Sea Ecoregion. The Black and Azov seas belong to its composition. WWF has identified a list of Global 200 that contains 238 ecoregions (142 terrestrial, 53 freshwaters, 43 marines) priority for the protection of their habitat diversity and biodiversity. More than half of these ecoregions are marked as endangered. The habitats of two ecoregions from the Global 200 list are in Ukraine. These are the habitats of the terrestrial ecoregion European-Mediterranean Montane Forests (the mountainous territories of the Crimean and Carpathian regions) and the freshwater ecoregion Danube River Delta.

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Lavrushchenko, Yu O. "THE ROLE OF MARITIME TRANSPORT IN THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE." Economic innovations 21, no. 1(70) (March 20, 2019): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2019.21.1(70).98-105.

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Анотація:

Topicality. In the article the author considers problems of effective development of national sea transport from a position of globalization of economic relations and participation of the country in international division of labour. It is necessary to pay attention to the character of formation of macroeconomic and entrepreneurial results of fleet and commercial ports development.Aim and tasks. The principles of achievement of functional and economic stability of sea transport enterprises are Considered taking into account international conventions of freight independence of priority cargo flows. And also highlight one of the most important tasks for the development of the national transport system-the achievement of freight independence of foreign trade operations and the solution of commercial problems-maximizing the currency profit. The author identifies the main reason for the situation, which leads to an increase in economic losses and security problems-a violation of the principle of complexity development of the national economy.Research results. Simultaneously with the elaboration of the shipping policy it is necessary to define basic ports and choose a strategy of restructuring and institutionalization of various functional activities in the property system. The Integrated development of maritime transport means the conformity of its parameters with the main macroeconomic indicators, the extent of participation in international exchange and in-system compliance of capacities and cash flows. Maximizing synergy potential in the form of multimodal transport corridors and logistic distribution systems should fully ensure the economic security of Ukraine.Conclusion. The importance of maritime transport for normal economic, social and political stability and security of the State determines the urgency of developing an active strategy of the country as a maritime power. The state maritime transport policy should be aimed at solving two global problems: transport security of economic system and freight independence of foreign economic activity.Having analyzed the current state of navigation in Ukraine, we can conclude that the positions of national shipping companies, both public and private, are weakening every year – the volume of transportations carried out by the fleet under the Ukrainian flag is decreasing. At the same time, in Ukraine there is a problem of absence of a fleet and accordingly workplaces for marine experts. As a result, there is an outflow of qualified personnel from Ukraine to foreign shipping companies, and labor migration is one of the many aspects of the deep and all-encompassing systemic crisis in our country.

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Huang, Fu Chuan, Xing Zhong Tang, Man Rong Su, Zhao Xia Lu, You Cheng Xiao, and Sheng Li. "Developing of a Lubricant Oil for the Ship Gas Turbine of Reducer." Advanced Materials Research 629 (December 2012): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.629.339.

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The combination of ship gas turbine working at special environment, this article pass through the study of base oil and composite additive, developed an application marine environment of the ship gas turbine reducer lubricants. According to comprehensive performance assessment, the product has excellent high-temperature anti-oxidant, anti-wear, corrosion inhibition and anti-foam performance. The indicators have reached the requirements. With the development of China's ship gas turbine technology, especially UGT25000 ship gas turbine technology is imported from Ukraine, as well as the recent introduction of the GE LM2500 + G4 Series of technology for power plant of construction. The localization of the supporting facilities are growing louder, there is a strong market rigid demand. Ship gas turbine must be one of the trends of the development of Marine Power. Ship gas turbine due to light weight, small size, stand-alone power, fast start; less pollution, vibration, high thermal efficiency and gas initial temperature, it is easy to realize the cascade of energy use, economy, received widespread attention and application. China's ship gas turbine of modification and design draw the aero-engine, ship gas turbine is a continuous rotation of the impeller mechanical heat engine; it is mainly composed by three parts of the compressor, gas generator and gas turbine. Ships generally use diesel (fuel have heavy trend, the heavy diesel oil or No. 200 heavy oil will be used) as fuel, in order to adapt the ship gas turbine, ship gas turbine need to transform, particularly its' lubrication system [1]. Foreign aviation gas engine lubricants are based on the U.S. standard as a reference, due to the differences of using purpose and fuel, so that the ship gas turbine oil has different requirements. Since ship gas Turbine Technology started late in China, the ship gas turbine core engine technology patents come from the United States, Russia and Ukraine, so the use of gas turbine lubricants, as well as matching accessories and other standards, which are more or less directed reference to refer to the original foreign standards [2,3]. We have never been established using standard ship gas turbine oil. Ship gas turbine apply to the special conditions (high humidity, salt spray, etc.), the ship gas turbine of lubrication has a higher demand, particularly for the ship gas turbine reducer of lubrication. The ship gas turbine reducer work in the low-speed heavy-duty and high-speed heavy-duty , high strength, high shear conditions, how ensure the ship gas turbine reducer to normal work is very important at high load conditions. In this regard, developing of a ship gas turbine reducer lubricant is very necessary.

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35

Burgaz, M. I., T. I. Matviienko, O. M. Soborova, K. I. Bezyk, and O. Y. Kudelina. "The current state of fishing and extracting the living aquatic resources in the Black Sea region of Ukraine." Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences 2, no. 3 (December 26, 2019): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/ujvas2-3.06.

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Анотація:

The development of open spaces and resources of the Black Sea is one of the main directions of the Black Sea region (the Odessa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions). The essence of the region policy allows to cooperate with the most countries of the world community and brings an income both to the budget of the regions and to the state budget. Industrial fisheries is an extractive branch of the fishing industry that uses the natural resources of the oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, reservoirs: various species of fish, marine mammals, shellfish, crustaceans and aquatic vegetation. Fisheries can be considered as one type of nature using which consists in the extraction of fish and other sea products (fish, invertebrates, algae, etc.). The purpose of the work was to find out a current state of fishing and extracting the living aquatic resources in the Black Sea region, namely in the Odessa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions. An assessment of a current state of extracting the aquatic bioresources in general and in the inland water bodies in the Black Sea region, namely in the Odessa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions for the period from 2010 to 2018, was carried out on the basis of specialized literature. The state of extracting the aquatic bioresources in general and in the inland water bodies from 2010 to 2018; the amount of caught fish in this region; the state of fisheries of the studied region were investigated. Fish farming is a branch of the national economy that is engaged in farming, increasing and improving a quality of the fish stocks in the water bodies and filling the fish resources. In order to maintain and increase the stocks of valuable industrial fish in our country the extensive measures for artificial fish farming, improving the conditions of natural reproduction of fish, as well as the development of lake and pond fisheries for the commercial fish production are being taken. Much work is being done to acclimatize valuable industrial fish species and other fishing objects, aimed at expanding a fish species composition and increasing the fish stocks. It was found that according to the statistics of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, the analysis of the exraction of fish and aquatic biological resources in the Black Sea region (Odesa, Mykolaiv and Kherson regions) showed that an increase in the volume of fish catching and extracting the living aquatic resources occurred only due to inland waters.

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36

Piddubnyi, Oleksii, and Yevhenii Kokoshko. "LEGAL REGULATION OF WIND ENERGY." Journal of International Legal Communication 1 (June 29, 2021): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32612/uw.27201643.2021.1.pp.23-30.

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The development of alternative energy sources in general and wind energy (including marine) in particular has become increasingly active in recent years. More and more countries around the world are seeking to incorporate the use of renewable energy into their daily lives to meet their international commitments and tasks. Among such tasks are global world policy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, decarbonize the economy, production, and industry. The best and easiest way to achieve this goal has been the largescale implementation of legal regulation of non-traditional energy sources at both the international and national levels. Such implementation has greatly facilitated and made it possible to achieve the ambitious climate goals that were named in Paris in 2015 and subsequently reflected in the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. The article examines the main program of the European Union on the policy of decarbonization of the European Green Deal, its goals, and aspirations. Attention is paid to a derived regulation for a more detailed understanding of this policy, namely European Climate Law. The legal regulation of wind energy is studied on the example of the Republic of Ukraine, the Republic of Poland, the United States of America, the Republic of Colombia, and the Federal Republic of Brazil. The legal regulation of wind energy in each of the studied countries is unique. At one time, this was influenced by global crises and national ideas, plans and strategies.

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37

Zezekalo, V. K., S. B. Peredera, T. V. Buslyk, K. F. Pochernyaev, and N. S. Shcherbakova. "PCR test systems for the Clavichlamydia salmonicola and Piscichlamydia salmonis detection in fish." Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety 5, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36016/jvmbbs-2019-5-1-5.

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The aim of our work was to develop PCR test systems for the identification and differentiation of the Piscichlamydia salmonis and Clavochlamydia salmonicola, species, that are known epitheliocystis infection agents of gill and fish skin diseases, characterized by the presence of specific ‘inclusions’ in the epithelial cells of the gills. To date, the diseases of fish associated with chlamydial infections have been detected in more than 90 species of freshwater and marine fish worldwide. For now, there is no available information on the prevalence of Piscichlamydia salmonis and Clavochlamydia salmonicola, which can cause epitheliocystis of commercially important aquaculture species in Ukraine. Identification of these pathogens is possible only using molecular genetic methods. As a result of our research, we got PCR tests for the identification and species differentiation of Piscichlamydia salmonis and Clavochlamydia salmonicola. The use of diagnostics for the identification of Piscichlamydia salmonis and Clavochlamydia salmonicola makes chlamydial infections monitoring among various fish species possible and it will increase the economic efficiency of fish farms.

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38

Pankratenkovа, Daria. "THE IMPORTANCE OF MARINE SHORES CADASTRE FOR THE MANAGEMENT AND RATIONAL NATURE USE IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF UKRAINIAN SEAS." GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, no. 46 (2019): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2019.46.119-129.

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The aim of the research is devoted to reveal the importance of creating an inventory of sea coasts for the effective management and rational use of natural resources in the coastal shore zone of Ukrainian seas. Methods. The development and materials of domestic and foreign authors formed the methodological basis of the research. In the course of writing research methods as retrospective, systematization method, analytical and constructive-geographical were used. Research results. The article presents the theoretical foundations and elements that the cadastre of sea coasts should contain. The basic principles of the sea coast cadastre were proposed and substantiated to optimize economic activities and preserve the natural environment in the coastal zone of the seas of Ukraine. The scientific novelty of the results obtained consists in the development of the foundations of the cadastre of seashores, which are a qualitatively new step of generalization and registration of data on the current state of the coastal zone. Thus, the cadastre is a necessary information source for making important decisions regarding the management of economic activities for the harmonization of the relationship between nature and society. Practical value. The results of the study constitutes an important information base for the creation of legislative projects that regulate all types of anthropogenic impact on the coastal zone for the organization of effective management and environmental management of coastal areas.

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KHUMAROVA, N. I., H. O. TIUTIUNNYK, and N. V. VERNIHOROVA. "DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVITY IN THE FIELD OF RECREATIONAL NATURE MANAGEMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF BEACH TERRITORIES." Economic innovations 22, no. 2(75) (June 20, 2020): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2020.22.2(75).122-134.

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Анотація:

Topicality. Ensuring inclusiveness in the field of recreational nature management plays a special role in the system of economic development of the country and further integration into the European Union.The modern institutional base is rather fragmentary in terms of administrative regulation of beach areas - the environment of a set of valuable natural resources that are attractive for business development.This leads to the impossibility of effective economic assessment of territories, preservation of their ecological status, and as a consequence prevents the pursuit of global economic trends.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to reveal the characteristics of an inclusive approach and outline the components of the organization and development of beach areas. Formulation of criteria for creating an inclusive beach. Substantiation of introduction of principles of the organization of inclusiveness of recreational natural resources on an example of the beaches which have received the Blue Flag status.Research results. The authors consider the legislative basis, strategies and action plans for the protection of the marine environment of Ukraine and its use. The rules of use of shore protection structures, which are places of mass recreation, are presented and contradictions are revealed in them. The principles of inclusive use of beach areas are declared. The state of pollution of beach areas, methods of assessing the impact of economic activities on marine ecosystems, the state of tourist flows and proposals are analyzed.Conclusion. It is substantiated that there is no scientific theoretical basis, and in the legislative field there is no single legal act that regulates the issues of beach areas, their pollution, the relevant economic relations. It is substantiated that there is no zoning of beach areas and their ecological condition is not taken into account when calculating the cost of rent. At an insufficient level - compliance with the social needs of different segments of the population and ensuring the care, use and protection of the contact area as a whole. The necessity of using tax policy, rent payments based on economic assessment of natural recreational resources taking into account the ecological component is substantiated.

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40

Pyvovarov, V. V., and V. O. Chepur. "Criminological view on the corporate nature of modern environmental crime." Legal horizons, no. 23 (2020): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2020.i23.p50.

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Анотація:

The article examines corporate environmental crime as the largest type of environmental crime. The concept of “environmental offense” is analyzed. The definition of corporate crime in relation to the environmental aspect is given. The direct and long-term consequences of corporate environmental offenses are described. The current state of the investigated crime, which is characterized by the lack of legal regulation of legal liability of corporations, generally low penalties for this type of offense, inefficiency of law enforcement and environmental authorities to identify and prosecute offenders and, finally, increased latency. The state of the fight against environmental offenses in the United States is presented, and as an example, the state response to large-scale pollution of the Gulf of Mexico is studied. A criminological description of the most typical for Ukraine offenses against the environment: water pollution (unauthorized discharge of ballast water by sea vessels, as well as pollution of petroleum products, sewage, water in seaports and recreation areas), violation of the law on continental (marine) economic zone of Ukraine (illegal exploration and development of natural resources, operation of installations and structures for industrial purposes), large-scale deforestation, depletion of chernozems, “environmental smuggling”. It is stated that the inefficient system of state environmental policy and its regulatory regulation increasingly demonstrates inconsistency with existing threats of a natural nature, which leads to a violation of the constitutional right of citizens to environmental safety. In conclusion, we justify the need to pay special attention of society and of the state to the corporate nature of environmental crime to create a system to combat these offenses. We point out the need for an urgent solution by the science of criminal law and the legislator of the existing problems in doctrinal issues of determining the guilt of the corporation as a basis for prosecution, bringing the perpetrators, including corporations, to special types of liability.

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Georgievskiy, A. F., and V. M. Bugina. "Phosphorites and Glauconites as Additional Reserves in the Development of Titanium-Zirconium Sands of the Centralnoye Deposit (Tambov Region of Russia)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 022031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/2/022031.

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Abstract After the Soviet Union demise, Russia was plagued by severe titanium resource problems. The bulk of titanium concentrates is imported from Ukraine. But Russia has its own titanium resources not lesser than in leading countries of the world (China, Brazil, South Africa). Ores form both primary and alluvial deposits, including those located in economically developed regions. The better example is the ancient marine placer of the Centralnoye deposit in the Rasskazovsky district of the Tambov region. In addition to ilmenite, rutile and zircon, ore sands also include phosphates and glauconite. The deposit was discovered in the middle of the last century and, after geological prospecting, was classified as one of the ten largest world objects of placer titanium ores. Despite this, for many years the Centralnoye deposit remained abandoned, since by that time, in the Soviet Union in Ukraine, several mining plants were already operating, which satisfied the industry’s demand for titanium. Today Russia is in dire need of titanium raw materials and the question of the need to develop the deposit has been repeatedly raised. This topic is being discussed especially actively today since a decision has been made on the expediency of its development. However, in the modern market environment, the implementation of this decision is an extremely difficult task. Here, the factors that can reduce operating costs that can improve the economic performance of mining and processing of ore sands become important. These factors include mining and use of both phosphorites and glauconites contained in titanium-zirconium ores and in the “overburden” rocks. The article describes the technogenic waste (tailings) of titanium - zirconium ores. Their material, mineral and granulometric composition is considered, and the technological properties of phosphorites and glauconites are described in the article. On the basis of experimental data, it has been shown that the accumulated concentrates represent high-quality raw materials for the production of phosphate rock and effective phosphorus and potassium ameliorants.

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42

KARTYSHEV, D. V., and O. M. KOTLUBAY. "METHODICAL FOUNDATIONS OF HARBOUR DUES CALCULATION DEVELOPMENT." Economic innovations 20, no. 3(68) (September 20, 2018): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.3(68).89-95.

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Анотація:

Topicality. Having carefully considered the Port Consumption Calculation Methodology presented for public discussion, Seaports Development Strategy Committee of Ukrainian Port Association's(“Ukrport”) notes some positive aspects related to the preparation of this important document, which is intended to streamline the pricing process in the area of charging port fees and to bring them up to necessary and sufficient level to ensure the normal operation of port facilities and navigational facilities, and, accordingly, the safety of navigation in the Ukrainian state responsibility zone. It should also be emphasized that the return to gross tonnage charging, rather than unit modulus, as is now the case, is a significant positive step and will contribute to greater acceptance and transparency of the Development Port Consumption Calculation Techniques. The same applies to the applied approach, which divides the port dues rate into two components: operating and investment. This is all the more important that the global approach, which uses most ports, considers port charges as a means of covering current costs for the maintenance of relevant facilities and facilities for which no commercial gain is foreseen. The commercial purpose of port facilities is to provide efficient and safe service at the port of vehicles and overload of goods, which is what creates the commercial benefit that is being generated by all participants in the transport process at the port. This is precisely because ships that use the port only as a harbor-warehouse are largely exempt from paying port duties in world practice. That is, the only source of formation of the investment component of port dues may be only depreciation of the relevant facilities.Aim and tasks. A critical assessment of the construction of a methodology for calculating port fees. As a rule, in the world for port facilities, a linear method is used to calculate depreciation charges, but there is also the possibility to use certain methods of accelerated depreciation, which, however, operate simultaneously with the appropriate methods of transfer of losses caused by accelerated depreciation on the former or subsequent time periods, and simply to levy from the shipowner funds for future development is economically insolvent and does not correspond to good maritime practice. Unfortunately, this circumstance, besides the berthing fee, has not been taken into account at all when developing the Port Taxation Calculation Method, which is presented on the website of the Ministry of Infrastructure for public discussion. Thus, in the second paragraph of item 1.1. Section II of the general provisions reads as follows: "The investment component of the berthing rates is charged to port operators and other business entities engaged in economic activities using berths for handling, handling and storage of goods, servicing ships, and other facilities. with these types of economic activity. "Research results. Next, it should also be noted that in the presented method: the base rate of the ship's fee includes: coverage of planned operating costs in accordance with the intended purpose of the ship's fee, planned operating and investment costs associated with the implementation of activities for the operation and development of the search and rescue system in the marine search and rescue region of Ukraine, marine research enterprises and river transport belonging to the sphere of management of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine. The base rate of the ship's fee is determined depending on the ship's specialization, taking into account the coefficients of K bulk carrier, K tanker, K container, K ro-ro, K passenger, other, reflecting the effect of the design features of the vessels on the ability to provide transportation of goods and / or passengers, while gross tonnage of these properties itself by itself already takes into account through the appropriate calculation methodology.Base rate for lighthouse - coverage of planned operating and investment costs for the provision and development of navigational and hydrographic navigation support;the base rate of the administrative fee includes: covering the costs of fulfilling Ukraine's obligations to comply with the legislation and regulations of navigation, international agreements of Ukraine with regard to navigation, the consent to be bound by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, fulfillment of other tasks, in accordance with the international obligations imposed on the enterprises of the maritime industry, as well as merchant shipping, navigation on inland waterways, navigational and hydrographic provision of navigation, as well as in the field of maritime safety and river transport (except for the navigation safety of vessels of the fleet of the fishing industry);That is, the base rate of the administrative fee also includes the costs, which are already somehow foreseen in the ship and beacon fees.Conclusion. Having analyzed the rules of law, we can conclude that port dues are a fee for specific services to the shipowner who pays these fees. In the provision of these services, fixed assets and other non-current assets are very worn out, both physically and morally, in connection with which there is a need to direct port charges, first of all, this is the main source of renovation, repair, reconstruction and construction of hydro-technical constructions, dredging works to maintain the necessary depths in the water areas and approach channels of sea ports of Ukraine. In addition, the basis of the system of formation of tariffs for port dues is the cost of specific services received by shipowners. Control of the cost of these services with the help of a list of costs (covered by port fees), which are included in the cost, makes it possible to establish reasonable, competitive tariffs for port dues. At the same time, tariffs are kept at the market level, and if necessary, they may be justified (based on the analysis of cost of services) for the purpose, on the one hand, to ensure sufficient funds to cover costs included in cost, and on the other hand to ensure the attractiveness of port dues for shipowners, cargo owners in order to attract more cargo to seaports, primarily transit.

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43

Dean, James. "Ukraine: Europe’s Forgotten Economy." Challenge 43, no. 6 (November 2000): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2000.11472182.

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44

Kutsevych, Vadym. "Parking places built-into the lower ground floors of public buildings and structures. Architectural-planning and functional-technological requirements." Research and methodological works of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture, no. 29 (December 17, 2020): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33838/naoma.29.2020.5-11.

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The rapid processes of global motorization, which Ukraine has not avoided, have a growing impact on various aspects of modern society, on the formation of a new urban environment and transport system. At the same time, to create favorable conditions for Ukraine's integration into the EU needs to address infrastructural issues: the systematic organization of facilities for storing cars in general in cities with the provision of their architecture- accessibility, versatility, economy, energy efficiency and more. First of all, this applies to the largest cities, where about 45% of the total urban population of the state live. An acute urban and transport problem is the problem associated with the allocation of areas for transport facilities: parking lots (garages), gas stations, service stations and other car service facilities. In the absence of free space, the cost of urban land increases. Based on this, there is an urgent need to develop modern methods and techniques that allow more efficient use of land resources. One of the possible methods of solving the problem of organizing parking lots is to build them into the lower floors of public buildings for various purposes. The generalization of foreign and domestic design and construction practices made it possible to determine that one of the first examples of built-in parking lots (garages) are two 60-storey residential and office centers in Chicago (USA) on the shores of Lake Michigan, called Marina City (1964). The construction of these centers gave impetus to the architectural and planning organization of buildings and structures for the rational solution of parking in the lower above-ground floors of residential buildings and public buildings and structures. The article summarizes foreign and domestic practice of designing and building such parking lots. It is determined that with a high density of buildings in Ukrainian cities, the method of embedding in the lower floors of public buildings and structures is developing. This reception will be in demand especially in the transition of vehicles to electric vehicles. At the same time, the analysis of domestic regulations on the placement of parking lots revealed the absence of provisions on the possibility of embedding them in the lower above-ground floors of public buildings and structures. However, in the CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) countries and in the developed countries of the world, such provisions exist, which helps to increase the level of comfort of public services and allows rational and intensive use of the city. Based on the results of research and suggestions, it should be noted that the practice of design and construc- tion reveals the possibility of applying the existing requirements of current state building codes of Ukraine for underground garages, which should be extended and for car parks (garages) located on the lower above-ground floors of other buildings, in particular public buildings. This requires changes and additions to the current urban planning, typological and fire regulations, which are planned to be developed on the basis of this study.

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45

Potapenko, V. G., R. B. Kornatovskyy, and A. L. Shylkina. "“Green” economy modernization of Ukraine." Marketing and Management of Innovations, no. 2 (2017): 344–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2017.2-32.

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46

Filipenko, A. S. "World Economy Priorities of Ukraine." Актуальні проблеми міжнародних відносин, Вип. 60, ч. 1 (2006): 60–68.

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47

Alekhin, M. Yu, and A. V. Titov. "To the Issue of the Methodology of Formation of Shipbuilding Programs in Russia." Economics and Management 26, no. 3 (May 12, 2020): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-3-273-283.

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The presented study addresses the need to change approaches to the formation of long-term shipbuilding programs in the Russian Federation and determines the place of such programs in the system of strategic management of the national economy.Aim. The study identifies efficient approaches to the formation of long-term shipbuilding programs in Russia with allowance for international experience and current political and economic conditions.Tasks. The authors analyze the existing methodological framework for the formation of shipbuilding programs in the Russian Federation; examine the shipbuilding development experience of South Korea, China, the US, and Ukraine; address the issue of improving the investment climate in the shipbuilding industry by changing the institutional conditions in closely related industries.Methods. This study’s scientific methodology is based on using general scientific methods of cognition, a systems approach to the problem, and comprehensive consideration of the issues of formation of industry programs with allowance for the specific features of shipbuilding.Results. Over the past decades, shipbuilding programs in the Russian Federation have been formed according to a methodological framework of questionable depth and insufficient sophistication. Successful development of shipbuilding in the world’s leading countries is largely due to the achievement of the required level of competence and technological advancement accumulated through the development of the domestic market, which is impossible without active state participation. Based on the analysis of positive and negative shipbuilding development experience of different countries and current trends in the Russian shipbuilding industry, it is possible to conclude that the success of shipbuilding development largely depends on the rules (institutional conditions) established by the state.Conclusions. The efficiency of investment processes in the industry can be improved by integrating the shipbuilding development program into a global program for the development of the marine economic complexes of the Russian Federation.

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48

Sevastianenko, O. V., and A. Ch Okhrimenko. "ECONOMY OF UKRAINE DURING THE PANDEMIC." Juridical scientific and electronic journal, no. 9 (2020): 267–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2020-9/65.

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49

Parihar, Sarita, Dr Pupinder Kumar, and Dr Muzaffer Ahmad Khanday. "Indian Economy amid Russia-Ukraine Conflict." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 299–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41334.

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Abstract: Amid the Russia-Ukraine war India has very well managed it’s relationship with Russia while in a dramatic manner is getting closer to United states strategically but Russia’s invasion of Ukraine will make it hard for India to hold it for a longer time. There are many Indian officials who consider Russian invasion as “Europe’s problem”. Russia is the largest supplier of key armaments to India. India also runs a trade deficit with Russia, with declining in the exports while the imports have gone up; oil is the major part of our import basket. The conflict is a chance for India to become an exporter of the wheat in the global market. Keywords: Import, Oil, Export, Strategically, Invasion, Supplier

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50

Wang, Weijiao, and Chunhui Shan. "Sustainable Development of Basin Economy and Marine Economy." Journal of Coastal Research 115, sp1 (August 27, 2020): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/jcr-si115-160.1.

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