Дисертації з теми "Marché des technologies"
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Lochoshvili, Maksym. "Les technologies nouvelles ont-elles un rôle à jouer sur un marché très concurrentiel de la Russie postsoviétique, le marché du chauffage ? (Période étudiée 1991-2008)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040195/document.
On a specific example of a French company having innovative technologies in the field of heating and water distribution, and realizing an expansion project to a new market, in this case, the Russian market, the author shows the importance of technologies when penetrating a market strongly different from the domestic one. Within the heating sector in the country where, because of a cold climate, the need to feel warm is a vital need, where the technological backwardness due to the historical phenomenon of the central residential heating monopoly is obvious, and where market is taking shape and competition is now growing, new technologies have without doubt a capital part to play. How should a company with such technologies approach the Russian market certainly very promising, but also fragile especially in this delicate period of the world economic crisis? What are the risks and the perspectives for the company? How to succeed in this market? How to enhance the value and to transfer new technological solutions? What advantages does this transfer bring to the company, but also to the company’s local partner, to the targeted region, and to the receiving country? These are questions the author asks himself. The role of new technologies is certainly beyond a sector or a field of activity: the new technologies brought by western companies undoubtedly accelerated, as Russia is concerned, the change from the Soviet-type economic system to a free-market system, known as the market economy
Suleimann, Ryan. "Indices boursiers internationaux et la crise des nouvelles technologies : approches switching et DCC-MVGARCH." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DENS0016.
Since the New Technology crisis of the year 2000 and the big rise in the volatility of stock markets across the world with respect to before the year 2000, the modelling of this volatility and its contagion effect across stock markets in the world, has drawn many discussions and research on this subject. As a consequence, we model the volatility of three technological indexes : NASDAQ-100, IT. CAC and NEMAX and five global indexes : Dow Jones Industrial Average, Standard & Poor 500, NASDAQ Composite, DAX and CAC40, in order to check if the investment risk, measured using the value at risk (VaR), has changed following the New Technology crisis. We also show that the New Technology crisis, among all the other stock market crises, is the one that affected the most, stock markets across the world. Our calculation of the VaR requires a precise modelling of the examined series’ volatility and the identification of the presence of dynamic conditional correlations or not. We use different models to estimate this volatility, in particular, changing regime models (SWARCH, SWGARCH and MSVECM) and a dynamic conditional correlation multivariate GARCH model (DCC-MVGARCH). We use the switching regime models and VAR models in order to show the existence of co-mouvement and contagion effects between the eight indexes. Then, we use the CC-MVGARCH model in order to show the effect of the New Technology crisis on the rise in stock markets’ volatility and the presence of dynamic conditional correlations that link those major indexes, in addition to its use for the VaR calculation. Finally, we compare the DCC-MVGARCH VaR with the VaR calculated using the non-parametric method of copulas
Mellet, Kevin. "Les marchés numériques du travail : l'émergence de nouvelles technologies de coordination." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00090298.
En premier lieu, nous nous interrogeons sur la capacité de l'internet à réduire les frictions sur le marché du travail. D'un point de vue théorique, la baisse des coûts de recherche devrait se traduire par une amélioration du mécanisme global d'appariement ; cependant, les tests empiriques ne confirment pas ces prédictions. Ce résultat nous conduit à focaliser notre attention sur les intermédiaires du marché du travail positionnés sur l'internet. Nous nous intéressons à l'interaction stratégique des intermédiaires, dans une perspective d'économie industrielle. Nous montrons que les externalités de réseau et l'incertitude qualitative, qui jouent un rôle déterminant dans la structuration des marchés numériques du travail, engendrent des frictions.
Il convient, dans un deuxième temps, de considérer la façon dont les technologies de coordination construites par les intermédiaires contribuent à réduire l'incertitude à laquelle font face les agents. Nous nous appuyons sur l'analyse statistique d'un échantillon de requêtes effectuées sur un moteur de recherche d'offres d'emploi pour montrer que l'internet permet d'améliorer le niveau d'information des agents, à condition que cette information soit structurée. Or, les technologies de coordination, qui permettent de structurer l'information pour la rendre exploitable, ne sont pas ‘neutres' car elles incorporent des modes de qualification du travail. Ce questionnement est approfondi, en lien avec les institutions du marché du travail. Nous développons un cadre d'analyse de la pluralité des formes d'intermédiation numérique en explorant les investissements nécessaires pour établir et stabiliser une technologie de coordination.
Concettini, Silvia. "Competition in electricity markets : retailers, generators and technologies." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100033/document.
The objective of this thesis is to answer to three questions raised by the wave of reform in electricity industries: has retail liberalization achieved its objectives in European Union? How traditional and renewable generators compete in a liberalized market? What is the impact on congestion and zonal price differences of increased production from renewable intermittent sources in Italy? The first chapter provides a mid-term evaluation of liberalization of electricity retailing in Europe. We propose a comprehensive theory on retail liberalization and test its consistency with the practice in European Union. The analysis highlights the presence of an oligopolistic supply structure, a limited level of customer engagement in the market and asymmetries in the rate and speed of cost-pass through. The attribution of the Default/Last Resort service through an auction mechanism seems the best solution to favor the development of competition. In the second chapter we study the strategic interactions between a traditional generation technology and a renewable one characterized by an intermittent availability of capacity. We employ a modified version of the Dixit model for entry deterrence with two post entry competition settings: the Cournot framework in a two stage game and the dominant firm-competitive fringe setting in a three stage game. In both cases, the analysis suggests that the renewable generator exploits the merit order rule to crowd out the production of its rival. In the third chapter we analyze the impact of renewable generation on congestion and zonal price differences in Italy. Using a unique database we estimate two econometric models on five zonal pairings: a multinomial logit model for the occurrence and direction of congestion and an OLS model for the size of paired-price differences. The analysis shows that in an importing region the effect of a larger local renewable supply is to decrease (increase) the probability of congestion in entry (exit). Increasing renewable generation seems to have a significant impact on the islander zones, decreasing (increasing) the level of positive (negative) price differences
Lopez, Jimmy. "Essais sur la réglementation du marché des biens, les technologies de l'information et de la communication, la recherche et développement et la productivité." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0154.
A large body of research has studied the effects of competition on product markets on the productivity of production factors through various channels. Particularly, a lack of competition affects the efficiency improvements incentives. The purpose of the PhD thesis is to underline new insights on the analysis of this channel. Most of previous research focused on the direct effects of lack of competition in a sector on its productivity performance. However, lack of competition on sectors providing intermediate inputs could impact the incentives in the sectors using these goods. The chapter I formalize this relation through two channels: a reduced access to the intermediate inputs and the sharing of rents between the providers and users of these goods. The empirical analysis support this relation, anticompetitive regulations on sectors providing intermediate inputs reducing the productivity of user sectors. Chapters III and IV present an empirical analysis of the importance of investment in Information and Communication Technology (lCT) m the relation between anticompetitive regulations on product markets and the total factor productivity (TFP), on a panel of OECD countries. According to the estimation results, anticompetitive regulations reduce ICT demand, thus decreasing TFP
Diridollou, Cédric. "L' Emergence des marchés. Construction sociale, conventions et réseaux : le cas de l'édition numérique." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA111009.
Lafarguette, Romain. "Comment la Technologie Façonne les Marchés Financiers : l’Exemple du Marché des Changes." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0042.
This PhD dissertation is a collection of three essays on how technology has been shaping financial markets, using as a case study the foreign exchange market. The first chapter investigates the impact of technological innovations on the geography of the foreign exchange market. It uses as a proxy for exogeneous technological changes the connection of countries to submarine fiber-optic cables. The estimates of this chapter suggest that technology contributes to concentrating foreign exchange trading in an handful of financial centers. The second chapter studies the impact of technology on the reaction of foreign exchange markets to macroeconomic announcements. It shows that the development of Information and Communication Technologies dampens foreign exchange markets volatility. Finally, the third chapter shows that fast trading dampens market reaction to new macroeconomic information. One possible explanation, based on a theoretical model, is that fast traders increase the dispersion in exchange rate quotes, i.e. the time traders need to process new information about market prices; in turn, entropy dampens the market’s reaction to macro news. This PhD dissertation provides a new way to measure and conceptualize technological progress with regards to financial markets. The first contribution is to treat the network of submarine fiber optic cables as an exogenous technological shock to investigate the impact of technology on the geography of foreign exchange trading and on volatility. The second contribution is to show that patterns in the distribution of quotes matters in the context of fast trading. The concept of entropy in exchange rate quotes is used to characterize how fast information diffuses on financial markets and thereby to assess the implications of fast trading on market efficiency
Rodriguez, Alfonso Mauricio. "Marchés comme constructions narratives." Thesis, Reims, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REIME007.
This dissertation investigates the market shaping for smart city technologies, understanding market shaping as a process that embeds market practices in which the narrative permits their assemblage as a coherent and logical construction that allows to make sense of the actors' actions, granting the entrance of new products or services into the market. The case in point, the smart city technology market depicts the multiple roles of the narratives in the shaping of markets. Thus, narratives are used to create market representations that explain how the market operates and interrelations between actors and technologies, those representations are later re-created in commercial exchanges by adding new elements that resonate with the customer the narrative becomes a tool to persuade, convince, show expertise, reduce uncertainty and develop trust bonds. New re-creations of the narrative fulfill a role in normalisation practices that allow the creation of norms, policies, habits and routines. Thus, the narrative is present throughout the market shaping process acting as an assemblage tool. This research contributes to provides an alternative perspective into the market shaping process, presenting how this process is developed for emerging technology markets and by bringing narratives as a pivotal tool in the assemblage of market practices and demonstrating the narrative agency in the market shaping process
David, Benjamin. "Impact des technologies de l’information et de la communication sur la productivité et la structure de l’emploi." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100113.
The first chapter of this thesis investigates the relationship between Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and productivity within 8 OECD countries. It aims at providing explanations for the coexistence of this strong technological evolution together with the absence of break in the productivity trend during the last decades. Our results suggest that there is a clearly identifiable positive relationship between computerization and technical progress, while ICT diffusion negatively affects pure efficiency changes. Our findings support that the economies under consideration are still in a phase of adaptation.The second chapter analyses the role of ICT on the job market polarization. Using data for 8 industrialized economies, our results show a significant contribution of ICT on polarization dynamics with some differences between countries and industries. We also find evidence that diffusion of ICT is initially accompanied by a Skill Bias Technological Change (SBTC), then contributing to job market polarization. Finally, our findings highlight a progressive weakening of the positive link between ICT diffusion and the increasing demand for high-skilled workers over time.The third chapter evaluates the risk of job destructions induced by computer technology in Japan. Relying on recent methodology, we found evidence that approximatively 55% of jobs are susceptible to be carried by computer capital in the next years. We also show that thereis no significant difference on the basis of gender. On the contrary, non-regular jobs (those that concern temporary and part-time workers) are more vulnerable to computer technology diffusion than the others
Esmaeili, Hamid. "Evaluation économique de l'impact des nouvelles technologies d'information : une application à l'économie américaine." Littoral, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DUNK0078.
The birth of New Information Technologie (NIT) has changed the economic data, entailing a modification of the productivity. This study aims at making an economic evaluation of the impact of Information Technologies (IT). After a theoretical explanation aiming at including NIT within the economic thought, this research will analyse the major changes from a macroeconomic point of view. To do so, it relies on the American economic system, where Information Technologies are more developed. We will then develop two Computable General Equilibrium models : the first one studies the contribution of technological progress-IT to the American economic system between 1954-2000, pointing out the break in terms of technological progress-IT in 1974. The second model underlines the evolution of the employment market for unqualified workers and uses sensitivity and economic policies analysis to identify the most appropriate measures
Benabid, Mohamed. "Pratiques de consommation et processus de changement organisationnel : cas du marché de l'information en ligne." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080044.
The literature on change does not adequately capture the influence of micro-organizational determinants such as consumption practices. By mobilizing two theoretical frameworks, the neo-institutional theory (NIT) and technology acceptance model, and relying on the online information market in Morocco, our thesis aims to better take into account this perspective. Our research is comprehensive and explanatory and uses a mixed qualitative-quantitative methodology through a pragmatic epistemological positioning. Our results show that consumer-driven change in online information is not motivated by an institutional agenda or, to put it another way, by shifting the course of events. It seems to be only a collateral effect of his activities. Our research also highlights the institutional status of consumer practices, which are driven by regulatory, normative and cognitive institutional pillars. While the cognitive pillar of free information provides organizational opportunities for change in the context of the electronic press, it continues to challenge the issue of monetization. The results of our quantitative analysis also suggest the existence of significant relationships between the intention to purchase online news and cognitive constructs: the free mentality, perceived fairness, perceived credibility. We show that monetization is a question of both technical and psychosocial factors that continue to be a barrier to the challenges of the economic model
Benoît, Cyril. "Les convergences parallèles : une économie politique de la régulation de l'accès au marché des médicaments en France et en Angleterre." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0254/document.
This thesis examines the configurations of actors and organizations involved in the regulation of the market access for drugs in France and England. Since the mid-1980s, this process has entailed the development of administrative and scientific controls over the fixing of the price and the conditions of reimbursement of these products. These controls have become autonomus from clinical appreciation of their quality, efficacity and safety that dominate approval regulation as a whole
Pascail, Hugo. "« Smart Beta » de troisième génération : Exposition indirecte pour biais d’investissement domestique. « Nouvelles perspectives sur la théorie de la diversification de portefeuille et sur le biais d’investissement domestique à la lumière de l’émergence des nouvelles technologies au sein des marchés financiers. »." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR0012.
This five-chapter thesis provides new perspectives on diversification theory and the home-bias puzzle, which exists as an investment approach notably for European, American and Japanese investors. Indeed, information and communications technology (ICT) development has led to the emergence of new type of financial market product. Exchange-traded funds (ETF) allow investors to reach indirect exposure in their own currency (e.g. euro, U.S. dollars (USD) and yen) and invest in any sectors or asset classes. The ICT revolution has led to the emergence of new forms of algorithmic rules-based frameworks as investment approaches. One notable approach is called ‘smart beta’. In light of these, my thesis offers new insight about the home-bias puzzle and raises new questions about international investment approaches and global-asset allocations. Chapter I provides an overview of my thesis. My second chapter shows that a European investor who would like to attain ‘worldwide alternative investment exposure’ using a long-only optimised composition of euro liquid products can do it. Four out of the five most well-known worldwide alternative investment strategies are achievable through an optimised composition of ETFs denominated by euro. My third chapter shows that an American investor who would like to reach intermediate-term momentum exposure denominated by the South Korea won, Philippine peso, Indonesian rupiah, India rupiah, Australian dollars or New Zealand dollars can achieve the exact same risk/return characteristics using an optimised composition of USD ETFs. This implies that it is possible to reach an Asia–Pacific momentum factor without any exchange risk for an American investor. Finally, my fourth chapter analyses the possibility for a Japanese investor to reach ‘international commodities investment exposure’ with the same risk/return characteristics as a liquid yen product. From a scientific perspective, I first extend previous work about ETF indirect exposure and show the usefulness of ETFs in the global-asset allocation context. Second, I show that U.S., European and Japanese investors who invest only in domestically traded products do not have to lose the benefits of international diversification. Third, my thesis opens the door to third-generation smart-beta literature, explaining how to avoid exchange-rate risks and overcome the home-bias puzzle. This new ‘access factor’ approach allows investors to reach exposure in some international active investment strategies using their own currencies, allowing them to overcome the main cognitive and behavioural drivers of home-bias investing. The fifth chapter offers a final global discussion and a conclusion. Each chapter contributes to the scientific support of several specific topics. From a methodological perspective, different investment-strategy models (i.e. data-driven, optimisation and heuristic) are combined to reach the desired smart-beta exposure. Finally, my thesis asks new questions, such as ‘does ICT development and the new products coming with it on the financial markets (e.g. ETF, smart beta) tend to decrease the value added from classical diversification, and does it tend to increase financial integration?’ and ‘Do these new products create new investment approaches using an easy method to access complex investment strategies?’ ‘Do these new products overcome some of the behavioural finance paradigms?’
Plos, Ornella. "Innover pour et par le handicap méthodologie de conception de produits adaptée aux marchés de niche : application au marché du handicap moteur." Paris, ENSAM, 2011. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00578706.
The law of 11 February 2005 enables a change about the way we perceive disability. Alike for models and definitions development, the associations of People With Disabilties (PWD) keep fighting for accessibility for all of them. It’s within this context that our researches claim the benefits of innovating design integrating the needs of these users that indutrials consider as a niche market. As PWD are approximately 50 millions European people worth, can this market be still considered as a niche one? The analysis of the assistive technologies market points up a full scope for an innovation process focused on PWD needs in order to overcome existing lacks. To define the characteristics and the needs of these target users requires to understand and characterize what creates a disability situation. Some PWD specific needs are already at the root of inventions and technological advances used by a majority of people today (e. G. Remote control, mixer taps, voice recognition, etc. ). We’ll try to demonstrate through experiments leaded in partnership with the French Neuromuscular Diseases Association that knowledge of target users needs can be considered as a potential source of innovation for everybody
Chantelat, Pascal. "Processus d'innovation technologique et dynamique des marchés : des trajectoires aux itinéraires technologiques : une approche méso-économique du marché des sports-loisirs." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10061.
Thouillez, Thomas. "Anatomie des marchés financiers à haute fréquence : analyse de l'Influence de l'automatisation sur la microstructure des marchés financiers." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01E049.
This thesis studies major market microstructure transformations since the automation of financial markets. Today, structural modification of financial markets, associated with the improvement of information and communication technology, lead to important shifts regarding market practices, and market quality measures. Liquidity costs continued to improve between 2010 and 2019, reducing quoted spread especially for SBF 120 small capitalizations. However, effective spreads decreased significantly less than quoted spreads for those small cap proving the weak resilience of the order book on the best limits. This work presents execution venues transformation and technological evolutions to implement high-frequency trading. The research team built a financial market replicating library called VirteK. This library helped to recover stylized facts from the May 6, 2010 flash-crash illustrating limit order book imbalances with the VPIN measure
Mitkova, Liliana. "Les brevets d'invention, un champ nouveau d'application du marketing." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0012.
This disseration focuses on the topic of the relationship between marketing and patents. Most precisely it raises the question of the existence of a specific patent marketing. Patent is first a legal document to guarantee the intellectual property of an invention. But it plays also a key role in the development of the firm through the innovation process. Being at the border between innovation and markets, either consumer or business markets, patents calls for the marketing to be used in the various choices related to its registration, its valorization, and its implementation. Patent marketing belongs to the family of industrial marketing and its subset of high technology marketing for products or projects. However its peculiarities imply some adaptations which define its essence. A field survey acknowledges the existence of patent marketing. It shows that its use and implementation vary significantly from one group of firms to another. It indicates its key components while opening new avenues to explore in details each element
Cormery, Lise. "L'Art en France de 1959 à 2000. Etat, Marché, Politique, Société et Communication. : socio-politique. Action et communication poplitique des beaux-arts. Sociologie. Artistes, commisaires-priseurs, marchands, experts, critiques des impressionnistes à l'an 2000. Communication. De la tradition aux nouvelles technologies et Internet." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070021.
Why did France lose its past aura as the number one nation devoted to fine arts ? Is she now welcoming, creating or destructing them ? Does our regalian governance save, take advantage or destroy art ? Since the creation of the Ministry of Culture by Malraux and De Gaulle in 1959 all governments have nominated a minister of Culture. In 2000, is such an institution for the better or some kind of a dictatorship ? What are the cultural and sociopolitical profiles of our Présidents and the ministers they have chosen ? Are they political heroes or plain media specialists ? Do they act or do they communicate ? Are the people devoted to fine arts trapped into a schizophrenic society or do they benefit with a well-balanced political system ? Are certain ideological alienations and de facto tyrannies like dictatorships of proletariat, technodemocracy, centralization by civil servants and officials, as well as the cult of the Goddess of Reason, Satism, and the with-hunt of free-minded people annihilating democracy as well as apolitical and independant "free ARTists" ?. .
Van, Leuven Laurie J. "Optimizing citizen engagement during emergencies through use of Web 2.0 technologies." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/March/09Mar%5FVan%5FLeuven.pdf.
Thesis Advisor(s): Josefek, Robert ; Bergin, Richard. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 23, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Citizen Engagement, Web 2.0 Technologies, Social Networking, Twitter, Mashup, Wiki, Blogs, Emergency Management, Homeland Security, Communication, Text Messaging, Public Affairs, Public Relations, Southern California Wildfires, Psychological Coping Mechanism, Interactive, Information Sharing, Networks, Response, Recovery, Collaboration, Knowledge, Case Study, Crisis, Disaster, Citizen Reporters, Lessons Learned, Katrina, Fugate, Megacommunity. Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-115). Also available in print.
Lajili, Mohamed Riadh. "Pour une réussite de l'innovation bancaire : cas du marché tunisien." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010021.
Heckel, Thomas. "Effets de l'informatisation sur la productivité et la demande de capital humain." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00139396.
Le premier article montre de façon comptable que l'utilisation et la production des TIC ont fortement contribué à la croissance dans les années 90 en France.
Le deuxième article propose une nouvelle méthode pour évaluer l'effet de l'informatisation sur la demande de capital humain. Celle ci est fondée sur l'estimation de la fonction de production et permet de traiter plus facilement les problèmes d'endogénéité. Elle conduit néanmoins à des résultats très imprécis.
Le troisième article examine l'effet des TIC sur la productivité. Les résultats suggèrent que l'adoption d'Internet affecterait la croissance de la productivité globale des facteurs dans les années 90 en France, via un effet sur l'efficacité des femmes et des employés qualifiés.
Le dernier article évalue l'effet de l'adoption des TIC sur la demande de capital humain. Il indique que les entreprises qui ont adopté ces technologies n'ont pas déplacé leur demande de travail en faveur des jeunes ou des qualifiés. Selon ces deux articles, l'impact des TIC ne dépendrait pas de l'utilisation ou de l'adoption de nouvelles pratiques organisationnelles.
Zhao, Junli. "Essais sur l'intermédiation sur les marchés financiers." Thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021EHEC0006.
The thesis contains three essays. In the first essay, I investigate whether financial experts benefit from more machine-readable data in information production in asset management. Exploiting an exogenous regulatory shock that makes corporate filings more machine-readable, I find that institutions with more financial experts have larger performance improvement than institutions with fewer financial experts, suggesting financial experts benefiting from more machine-readable data. This result helps evaluate the likelihood of algorithms replacing high-skilled financial practitioners. In the second essay, I study the rationale and implications of the recent MiFID II regulation in Europe that made delegated asset managers’ spending on sell-side analyst research more transparent to their clients. We show that transparency decreases the use of sell-side research but stimulates more buy-side research activities, which is consistent with empirical findings. Our model has additional predictions on managers’ performance, liquidity, and social welfare. In the third essay, I study brokers in private placement markets, who intermediate about 20% of capital raised by non-financial firms in this market. I find that projects intermediated by brokers with better reputations are more likely to be fully funded. Contrary to existing theories on underwriters, projects sold through brokers are less likely to be fully funded on average and most issuers prefer direct selling. A model that features both search frictions and asymmetric information suggests that these non-regularities may be due to the fact that the certification role of brokers is limited by competition between intermediated selling and direct selling. The model also explains some non-intuitive patterns of commission fees in the data. These results contribute to a better understanding of private placement markets and intermediaries in other financial markets
Beidalah, Chadrick J. Coudray Aaron D. "The technologies and principles needed for the powering of remote nodes in an interoperability network." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/March/09Mar%5FBeidalah.pdf.
Thesis Advisor(s): Buddenberg, Rex. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 24, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Power Generation, Remote Network Node, Interoperability Network, Electric Generator, Wind Power, Solar Power, Photovoltaic, Thermoelectric, Energy Storage, Fuel Cell, Hybrid Power, Power Monitoring, Power Management. Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-120). Also available in print.
Ben, gamra Seima. "Valorisation économique de la propriété industrielle : cas de l'industrie pharmaceutique en tunisie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24003.
We aim in this research to study how to assess the value of a patent in developed countries as well as in emerging ones, mainly according to the TRIPS.Modelization of the pharmaceutical industry in Tunisia has been possible when analyzing data evidence from pharmaceuticals patents in Tunisia.This research identify two strategies to capitalize on patents: « license in » ou « license out ».However, only few local industries in Tunisia are willing to file patents, even ifbiotechnologies dominate global pharmaceutical market.Being in touch with international scientific partners, signing contracts could help to valorize industrial property in Tunisia
Macovschi, Stefan Eugen. "Aspects quantitatifs pour la gestion de position en finance de marché." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10066.
Wallart, Isabelle. "Analyse dynamique de la stratégie de programmes de produits nouveaux et performance de PME de haute technologie." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL12015.
New products are known to be critical for the growth and the long run success of most industrial firms. What is less clear is how firms, especially sme, should manage the flow of the successive new products. This research investigates, through an exploratory retrospective longitudinal survey, the dynamic feature of new product s program strategies in 18 french high-tech smes, so as to identify first the evolution and the various trajectories of new products strategies sinse the firms'creation. Secondly, the purpose is to examine the influence of the innovativeness and the diversity of the new products programs upon financial performance, through diverse periods of analysis
Delorme, François. "Technologie et régulations dans les organisations : le cas de l'ordre de bourse dans les salles de marché." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAG010/document.
The question of the rule is first treated in a very theoretical and static way, for the philosophers and the Fathers of Sociology. Insert the actor in the reasoning leads to give it a dynamic form and study both its origin and evolution, as well as its diversity. Routines, conventions, and regulations are forms coating different implications, particularly in terms of control.The technique and works on this last point. Become ubiquitous in our daily and indisputable, it is nevertheless not an obvious and trivial concept.This is especially the link between the three variables mentioned, actor, regulation and technology that holds our attention. It raises a notion of social control hardware, reintroducing a theoretical matter about which weights become a less visible technology.Adopting the method of case study to examine this issue, we will work by studying the order management process Stock Exchange, to highlight the concrete joints concepts and different regulatory processes they produce
Campart, Sandy. "Du laboratoire à la salle des marchés : la valorisation boursière de l'innovation dans l'industrie pharmaceutique." Le Havre, 2001. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01875843.
Deman, Laureen. "Modélisation de la profitabilité à long terme sur les marchés des technologies flexibles de génération électrique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALE004.
With more renewable energy, flexibility needs may increase in the future. In addition, the decrease in dispatchable generation will reduce the available flexibility. Consequently, investments in storage and flexibility options are necessary. The objective of this thesis is to study the long-run profitability of flexible technologies in energy and reserve markets. This thesis focuses on the short-term flexibility and in particular on the day-ahead market and the frequency-control reserves.The first chapter is dedicated to the analysis of the market design for reserves. It highlights three parameters of interest. The pricing mechanism, the structure of bids and the timing of the reserve capacity markets with respect to the day-ahead market affect the efficiency of the reserve markets. The European platforms for the exchange of reserve energy are intended to improve this efficiency by sharing reserve resources. However, price convergence is limited by the available cross-zonal capacity after the intraday market.The second chapter is dedicated to the estimation of the future demand for reserves. Time series models are estimated to obtain forecasts of secondary reserve energy in scenarios of carbon neutrality. These models also allow to analyse the relationship between reserve energy demand on the one hand, and load and renewable energy generation on the other hand. It shows the role of the intraday market through the possibility to balance forecast errors. However, the residual load level can limit this possibility because of its impact on the number of bids from conventional generators.The third chapter analyses the evolution of energy and reserve energy prices with high levels of renewables and storage. The main finding is the leading role of batteries in the demand-supply equilibrium of the reserve capacity markets. However, despite a significant increase in the reserve capacity demand, reserve capacity prices remain very low in most cases. This is due to the flexibility of batteries which imply a zero opportunity cost in most cases.These results suggest that reserve capacity markets cannot provide an additional remuneration for flexible technologies and thus, does not solve the missing-money problem in the context of the energy transition. Therefore, an additional mechanism is needed to coordinate investments in flexible technologies
El, Fakir de La Laurencie Aouatif. "Une analyse critique de l’usage de la R&D dans les processus de développement : Marchés, institutions et espaces d’apprentissage interactif." Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090003.
This thesis tries to answer to the following question: When and how R&D becomes crucial for the competitiveness, growth and development in developing countries? To answer this question, the analytical framework is centred on 3 concepts: interactive learning spaces, technological capabilities and Co-evolution of technology, institutions and organisations. This thesis proposes a theoretical model of technological catching-up based on interactive learning spaces and on impact of institutional framework and environment to explain the acquisition of technological capabilities. On the one hand, by using case studies, this thesis tries to analyse opportunities and pressures that push developing countries to improve their technological capabilities. On the other hand, its tries to enlighten interactive learning process that make this improvement possible. This thesis continues by an analysis of catching-up prospects for a developing country, which is Morocco within the knowledge economy. Its makes explicit opportunities and pressures in this new context and technological capabilities that Morocco must have to take advantage of the later. In the end, the thesis discusses recommendations in terms of public policies in developing countries as well as later research to achieve in order to define the nature and the role of interactive learning spaces better
Selmi, Noureddine. "Yield management et orientation marché : facteurs de performance dans les services (application à l’hôtellerie)." Chambéry, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CHAML030.
This piece of research contributes to two current theoretical debates. It focuses on the one hand on what yield management implies strategically and on the other hand on the relationship between the market orientation and the performance of the service company. It foregrounds the relevance of market orientation when developing and implementing innovations and increasing company performances. Yield management, regarded as one of the main innovations in services, is considered as a mediator in the relationship between market orientation and performance. For this research one qualitative study and two quantitative studies have been carried out. For the quantitative survey the sample consisted of 132 executives officers, mostly hotel managers. The results underline the importance of the market orientation for companies in the hospitality industry in relation to their performance and the mediating role played by yield management. The results also show that the relation between the implementation of yield management and hotel performance is moderated by three variables : staff experience, the customers’ perception of “yield management practices” and hotel size. A tool for measuring the implementation of yield management is an interesting methodological proposition developed in this study
Darmon, Eric. "TIC, comportements d'agents et organisation des marchés : une contribution théorique." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0045.
In this dissertation, we ask how Information and Communication Technologies change the organization and performances of markets for commodities and services. To analyze this impact, we develop three theoretical models. The two first models are concerned with final markets. In the first model, we study the coordination process between a traditional and an electronic market subject to a double differentiation (search costs, uncertainty on traded qualities). In the second model, we analyze the characteristics of the prices posted and accepted on an electronic market on which buyers use intermediaries to implement their search process. In the third model, we turn to technological markets, and investigate how the use of Internet may change the search process by which firms look for firms which hold complementary assets and competencies
Aubry, Mathilde. "Le marché des semiconducteurs : cyclicité et innovation : un essai de modélisation." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN0689.
The cyclical behavior of the variables structuring the semiconductor industry strongly constrains the decisions related to the innovation process of firms. The sector requires significant expenditures especially in R&D and long term strategies. The first chapter of the thesis is devoted to an overview of the industry. It enables the reader to be familiar with the issues facing companies and understand the various factors involved in the process of innovation and in the sales trends. The second chapter focuses on the analysis of cycles specific to this industry. The literature devoted to the macroeconomic cycles is the appropriate analytical framework to identify industrial cycles and study them in both the time domain and the frequency domain. In the third chapter, the interactions between the sales of semiconductors and macroeconomic, financial and industrial variables are analyzed both in the short and long term. We conducted a quantitative study of the semiconductor market and its cycles using econometric methods such as vector autoregressive and vector error correction models. This analysis is complemented by the estimation of univariate and multivariate models to develop sales forecasts. The comparison of model performances is achieved from the evaluation of various criteria and statistical tests. Finally, only the organization of the innovative activity can help companies free themselves from the uncertainty inherent to the functioning of this market. Thus, in the fourth chapter, we complete the analysis by a theoretical model of cooperation in R&D. The vertical cooperation is seen as an incentive to intensify innovation and ensure its continuity
Razafindramanana, Herimandimby. "De La construction d'une base industrielle nationale de développement à l'intégration de l'Algérie dans le marché mondial." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100091.
Mnif, Amouri Sirine. "Changements technologiques, croissance et inégalité." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00986113.
Petzold-Dumeynieux, Stéphanie. "La naissance et le développement de l'orientation marché dans les jeunes entreprises de haute technologie : une étude de cas." Bordeaux 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR40015.
Cuarelli, Gilberto. "Mise en œuvre des nouvelles technologies pour l'évaluation du contrôle postural et de l’analyse de la marche." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI084/document.
Some specific health needs contributed to the development of the work presented here, especially in Physical Therapy in which the Postural Equilibrium is studied. The solutions that exist today in the market are of expensive, available only in large hospitals or in dedicated rooms, with low index of attendance to the population, mainly in places more distant of the great urban centers. This work was developed in cooperation with a team constituted of Phisiotherpists, Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering from of the G-SCOP Laboratory, Grenoble INP, Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes, France. This team seeks low cost solutions that meet the needs of society in general, with a focus on health, but also with a focus on the popularization of science, disseminating its work in basic schools in the region and also in the community. The work began with a strength platform developed in 2016, jointly by researchers from UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brasil, and the G-SCOP Laboratory. To this solution was added a new electronic interface, developed with the purpose of providing information on the displacement of the patient pressure center. A mechanism was also implemented to ensure synchronization between information captured by sensors installed on the platform and a Microsoft Kinect sensor. New software tools were developed to capture and analyze the results. The data treatment allows the creation of a detailed three-dimensional model, containing the kinematics of several joints of the human body and their respective positional behavior, as a function of time. With the implementation of the Kinect sensor, synchronised with the force platform, it is also possible to evaluate the kinematic and positional biomechanical parameters
Bibard, Laurent. "La Place et le rôle des sciences dans les innovations techniques : quelques cas en biotechnologie." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0019.
To analyze the role of sciences in technical innovations, one must bring together two disciplines, economics of technical science, and sociology of science : the first serves to adequately frame the questions that the analysis implies, the second provides the pertinent methods. In our work, using six case-studies in biotechnology, we show how the structure of the innovative projects under examination is determined by the scientific controversies surrounding the objects in the process of conception or manufacture. Such controversies are never restricted to scientific content : they involve all at once the scientific theories concerning the scientific and technical objects, the principles underlying the organization of research and development activities, and the distribution channels for the marketing of these new products. The scientific theories are developed concurrently with the new products that they describe, and with the markets for these new products and new processes. This development of scientific theories is based on the assignment of responsabilities to things (cells which "prevent" others cells from functioning,. . . ), as well as to men (accusations of incompetence, mistakes in work organizations, etc). These assignments of responsibility are progressevely transformed into scientific theories, personnel policies, organizational changes, new market creations, etc. All these effects of scientific research are essential from an economic standpoint because they define degrees of scarcity as well as the configurations of the socio-technical networks which enable the circulation of the new products or processes. In this way, we see that scientific research can no longer be excluded from economic studies of technical innovations: on the contrary such research is at the center of such processes of innovation
Deretic, Momcilo. "information aggregation, psychological biases and efficiency of prediction markets in selection of innovation projects." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24023.
My PhD thesis deals with selection of corporate and entrepreneurial innovation projects, using prediction markets as an alternative selection mechanism. Innovation process and its evaluation are two very important economic activities with repercussions for growth and development. Available evidence strongly suggests that conventional evaluation and selection methods, such as development funnel in corporate setting or decisions of Venture Capital firms in entrepreneurial one, do not yield cost-effective results. Coming up with an efficient and cost-effective method would contribute significantly to better resource allocation and social welfare. In the first part of the thesis, I test the prediction market predictions against experts’. In the second part, I examine behavioral aspects of decision-making in entrepreneurial prediction market setting, particularly how optimism bias influences traders’ decisions in prediction market. I conducted experiments with human subjects for the first two parts. In the third part of the thesis, I examine the most important elements and properties of prediction markets and provide a survey of most important contributions to prediction market literature, together with the classification and list of articles in major categories
Allek, Fayssal. "Une approche pour les compétences fondamentales du développement d’une entreprise sur un nouveau marché : cas de compétences technologiques." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN0662.
Hung, Tsu-Yi. "Dynamique de l'innovation et des marchés dans le système national d'innovation en France." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010011.
Bouvier, Yves. "La Compagnie générale d'électricité: un grand groupe industriel de l'Etat : Technologie, hommes et marchés (1898-1992)." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040046.
The industrial strategies of the Compagnie générale d'électricité (C. G. E. ) are closely linked to the dynamics of the technical systems. Initially turned towards the supplying of electricity, the Pierre Azaria's group realized the integration of electrical equipment activities. The C. G. E. Used its financial power to obtain markets. Consequently, a new organisation of the management was established and the group got closer of the top of the State. The nationalisation of electric supply in 1946 was the main measure of the public intervention. The C. G. E. Benefit by the public orders but its capacities of initiative were reduced. In the mid-60's, through the impetus given by the C. N. E. T. , the renewal of the innovative capacities was based on the emerging technological system of the technologies of information. “National champion”, the C. G. E. Took the control of several firms in the fields of the electrical equipment and of the telecommunications equipment. The holding structure was the basis of Ambroise Roux's power and allowed the growth of the two sectors. Paradoxically, the short period of nationalisation (1982-1987) was symbolized by the political and strategic autonomy of the managers, especially for the negotiation of international mergers
Nikolopoulou, Hélène. "Marche de métier, mutations technologiques et compromis contractuels : le cas de la presse quotidienne parisienne." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070038.
Recently, the parisian newspaper industry has been suffering constraints due to new trends resulting from changes and modernization on the market. These changes have brought two types of mutations, that are interconnected. The first one has to do with social relations in this particular branch, that is to say "craft trade unionism" and "craft labor market", both relevant from contract compromises, negociated for each professional category of printing workers. The second one is related to the strategies to be followed and the new identity to give to the newspaper industry : multimedia, partnership
Fautrero, Valérie. "Stratégies d'expérimentation et dynamique du marché de l'Internet haut débit en France : une perspective néo-institutionnelle." Paris, ENST, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENST0009.
This thesis attempts, from a neo-institutionalist conceptual framework, to analyse the sense, issues and roles of the stakeholders in the alternative high-speed Internet access technologies which have been deployed in France. Based on three case studies, the work of this thesis suggests that these experiments can be an important element in market dynamics. The State seems to act as the leader of an experimental business ecosystem combining various elements ; it relies on a political approach “organising” a regulatory system and financial sponsorship for the sector. In this way it boosts the momentum of the deployment of market experimentation, responding to different expectations depending on the stakeholders concerned. Finally the “alternative” character of the technologies used is, in our view, limited to the technical dimension of these systems. The market, as a social conceptualization, seems to grasp these systems as a form of leverage to stimulate momentum temporarily which does not exclude forms of economic protection
El, Baroudi Nadia. "L' application du droit communautaire des ententes aux accords de transfert de technologie (règlement n° 772/2004)." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON1A003.
Yan, Jun. "Three Essays on Digital Platforms and Competition Policy." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TOU10011.
This thesis consists of three independent chapters and examines different antitrust issues related to gatekeeper platforms. Chapter I explores the vertical foreclosure problem in two-sided markets. In the context of Google's Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP), Chapter 2 examines the issue of gatekeeper platforms' access to business users' data. Chapter 3 focuses on digital copyright and studies Google's behavior of using publishers' content to display short answers on search result pages. The first chapter examines how the vertical integration of a monopolistic platform, which is characterized by bilateral cross-group network externalities, impacts its incentive to engage in downstream foreclosure. I focus on an environment where the platform and downstream sellers face uncertainty over the gains from trade at the contracting stage. As the random shock is non-contractible, contracting creates friction that distorts the platform's pricing structure. By contrast, vertical integration mitigates this problem by allowing the platform to incorporate the random shock in consumer pricing. Due to the interaction between transaction friction and cross-group network externalities, I find that vertical integration could reduce the platform's incentive of foreclosure. The second chapter is joint work with Doh-Shin Jeon. We study how newspapers' adoption of AMP, a publishing format that enables instant loading of web pages in mobile browsers, changes data allocation and thereby newspapers' incentives to invest in quality journalism. The adoption of AMP allows Google to obtain consumer data from AMP articles and to combine it with other sources of consumer data to improve the targeting of the advertisements served by Google on other websites. Even if such data combination increases static efficiency, it can reduce dynamic efficiency when it lowers the ad revenue per newspaper traffic, thereby reducing the quality of journalism. Newspapers face a collective action problem as a newspaper's adoption of AMP generates negative externalities to other newspapers through search ranking and data leakage. Google can leverage its market power in search and ad intermediation to induce newspapers to adopt AMP. We provide policy remedies. The third chapter builds a theoretical model of divisible information goods to examine how a monopolistic search engine's use of snippets impacts content consumption and creation. By displaying snippets in the answer box on search result pages, the search engine unbundles the essential information and the supplemental information of articles. It, therefore, creates two opposite effects on publishers' incentive to invest in quality--the market size effect and the elasticity effect. Its impact on social welfare is ambiguous. On the one hand, the answer box improves search efficiency by providing broader access to essential information and allowing inframarginal consumers to substitute essential information for the full article. On the other hand, it could cut down website traffic, lowering publishers' advertising revenue and incentive to invest in quality. I examine the impacts of different policies that enforce the search engine to pay for the use of snippets
Schrepel, Thibault. "L’innovation prédatrice sur les marchés des nouvelles technologies : analyses croisées en droit européen et nord-américain de la concurrence." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV123.
Innovation is often discussed in antitrust law. Predatory innovation is less considered. Perhaps it is because predatory innovation is considered euphemistic: innovation is generally seen as being predatory by nature insofar as its objective is the creation or improvement of an existing product in order to surpass the product -another. Perhaps it is because studying innovation and its mechanisms is often described as a complex exercise. Perhaps it is because the rapid development of high-tech markets, in Europe and in the United States, was accompanied by a doctrinal movement, which preached the need to remove antitrust laws. Perhaps, finally, since court and competition authorities have only minimally termed predatory innovation, this has led the doctrine to devote minimal studies, thus resulting in the limiting of its use by courts and competition authorities.Recognizing the existence of predatory innovation is one of the great necessities of the early 21st century regarding antitrust law. Predatory innovation practices occur regularly and aim at removing the compatibility of third party technologies with those of a dominant firm or at impairing the functioning of competing technologies. As of today, antitrust law provides no answer to these strategies. The stakes are high; the concept of predatory innovation – which we define as the alteration of one or more technical elements of a product to limit or eliminate competition – is currently ignored and/or misunderstood greatly.This thesis focuses on European and North American antitrust laws because their roots are homologous and these countries represent the highest GDP in the world. With predatory innovation practices frequently implemented on several continents at once, overarching rules need to be extended to several legal systems.The regime we exhibit is organized around two main stages:The first implies to reject every related per se rule because they do not meet the new challenges met by antitrust law. Only the diligent implementation of a structured rule of evaluation organized around three filters will ensure appropriate decisions and the elimination of requests for which no antitrust issues are envisaged.Once evaluated by the three filters, an improved test of no economic sense must then be applied to all practices which have theoretical anti-competitive effects and determined fit to be further analyzed. This test, which specifically condemns anti-competitive practices, is a simplification of currently unreadable antitrust law and when applied will lead to the elimination of type I and type II errors. A new study – based on the proposed test – of the most notorious European and North American predatory innovation cases illustrates its effectiveness.The second addresses sanctions – or remedies – to predatory innovation practices. It appears that respecting the strategic choice of companies in terms of interoperability should be recognized as an immutable principle. Also, negotiated procedures shall not be systematized and the development of "soft law" must take a new direction aiming at supporting highly innovative companies
Ledezma, Rodriguez Ivan. "Structures de marché et productivité : théorie et analyse empirique sur données manufacturières." Paris 1, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364054.
Crifo, Patricia. "Inégalités, innovation et croissance." Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2001/crifo_p.
Orsi, Fabienne. "Droits de propriété intellectuelle et marchés financiers dans les nouvelles relations science-industrie : le cas de la recherche sur le génome humain." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX24013.