Дисертації з теми "Management of consumer demand for electric power"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-29 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Management of consumer demand for electric power".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Oliver, Henry. "The demand for green electricity amongst residential consumers in the Cape Peninsula." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/921.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to determine whether residential electricity consumers within the Cape Peninsula would be willing to voluntarily purchase green electricity if it is sold at a premium price. International experience in the field of green marketing shows that while niche markets for green electricity clearly existed, few programmes however exceeded a 5% penetration in the residential market. This study therefore methodologically drew on recent development in the literature of norm-motivated behaviour to identify testable factors that could influence residential consumers’ willingness to purchase premium-priced green electricity. After identifying these core testable factors, they were used to test various hypotheses. This was done through the testing of primary data that was collected through a telephone market survey of 405 respondents within the Cape Peninsula. These respondents were all identified as financial decision makers within their electricity consuming households. This study subsequently found that residential electricity consumers in the Cape Peninsula are very concerned about the future of the environment and that a large percentage of them (more than 40%) from almost all income levels might voluntary buy premium-priced green electricity. However, as it did identify that consumers must truly be convinced of the positive effects that green electricity would have on the environment before voluntarily supporting such a campaign, it found that consumers might not be well enough informed on environmental and climate change issues to ensure their actual support. To be at all successful, such a green electricity marketing campaign should be very informative and specifically focused on the positive effects that such a purchase would have on the environment. This study also found that supportive residential consumers would on average be willing to pay a maximum premium of 26% or approximately 15c/kWh. The combined maximum potential value of these premiums amount to R39 million per month. This serves as indication that there is much room for future development of the green electricity market. This study also identified that the majority of residential consumers believe that excessive users of electricity should be forced to make a larger financial contribution towards the generation of green electricity than low usage consumers. Based on its findings, the study closes with recommendations to role players in the green electricity market, i.e. the City of Cape Town Municipality, Darling Wind Farm and Eskom.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om te bepaal of residensiële elektrisiteitsverbruikers in die Kaapse Skiereiland gewillig sou wees om vrywilliglik groen elektrisiteit teen ’n premie aan te koop. Internasionale ervaring op die gebied van groen elektrisiteit het getoon dat, alhoewel daar verseker nismarkte vir groen elektrisiteit bestaan, baie min programme meer as 5% van die residensiële mark kon wen. Hierdie studie steun dus metodologies op onlangse verwikkelinge in die literatuur rakende normgemotiveerde gedrag om sodoende toetsbare faktore te identifiseer wat moontlik verbruikers se bereidwilligheid om groen elektrisiteit teen ’n premie te koop, kan verbeter. Na die identifisering van hierdie toetsbare faktore is hulle gebruik om verskeie hipoteses te toets. Dit is gedoen deur die toets van primêre data wat deur middel van telefoon-marknavorsing by 405 respondente binne die Kaapse Skiereiland ingesamel is. Hierdie respondente was almal geïdentifiseer as finansiële besluitnemers van huishoudings wat elektrisiteit gebruik. Hierdie studie het bevind dat residensiële elektrisiteitsverbruikers in die Kaapse Skiereiland baie besorg is oor die toekoms van die omgewing en dat ’n groot hoeveelheid van hierdie huishoudings (meer as 40%) van amper alle inkomstegroepe moontlik gewillig sou wees om groen elektrisiteit teen ’n premie aan te koop. Die studie het ook bevind dat omdat hierdie bereidwilligheid van die residensiële verbruikers onderhewig is aan hul oortuiging dat groen elektrisiteit ’n werklike positiewe effek op die omgewing uitoefen, residensiële verbruikers dalk huidiglik nie werklik goed genoeg ingelig is rakende omgewingsbewaring- en klimaatsveranderingskwessies nie. Hierdie gebrek aan kennis kan dus moontlik hul bereidwilligheid om groen elektrisiteit teen ’n premie aan te koop, negatief beïnvloed. Om suksesvol te wees sal groen elektrisiteit-bemarkingsveldtogte baie volledige inligting moet verskaf en sterk gefokus moet wees op die omgewingsvoordele wat die aankoop van groen elektrisiteit inhou. Die studie het ook bevind dat residensiële ondersteuners bereid sou wees om gemiddeld ’n maksimum premie van 26% of 15c/kWh te betaal. Die gesamentlike maksimum potensiële waarde van hierdie premies is R39 miljoen per maand wat daarop dui dat daar heelwat ruimte mag wees vir toekomstige uitbreiding van die mark vir groen elektrisiteit. Hierdie studie het ook geïdentifiseer dat die meerderheid residensiële elektrisiteitsverbruikers glo dat oormatige elektrisiteitsverbruikers gedwing moet word om ‘n groter finansiële bydrae tot die opwekking van groen elektrisiteit te maak as lae elektrisiteitsverbruikers. Gebaseer op die bevindinge van hierdie studie, sluit dit af met aanbevelings tot verskeie rolspelers in die mark vir groen elektrisiteit, soos die Kaapstadse Munisipaliteit, Darling Windplaas en Eskom.
De, Villiers Cecile A. "Demand for green electricity amongst business consumers in the Western and Northern Cape of South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/8473.
Повний текст джерелаClimate change is one of the most serious issues the world is facing today. With an economic slowdown globally, huge food shortages and record-high fuel prices, it has never been so important for countries to guard their natural resources to ensure future sustainability. The South African energy generation industry, of approximately 40 000 Mega Watt (MW), consists largely (90%) of coal-fired power stations, with the remainder comprising of nuclear and pumped storage schemes which are regarded as environmentally neutral. It is only recently that Eskom and independent power producers (e.g. Darling Independent Power Producer Wind farm with an estimated 10 MW) embarked on utilising South Africa's natural resources to generate electrical power. South Africa's access to inexpensive coal and paid off coal-fired power stations has made it difficult to justify the investment in renewable energy. However, on 31 March 2009 South Africa became the first African country to introduce a feed-in-tariff for renewable energy (Gipe, 2009). The hope is that this initiative would stimulate the investment in green energy generation. Eskom and municipalities are currently the only entities that have licences from the National Energy Regulator of South Africa (NERSA) to buy bulk electricity from power producers. The question therefore arises: if green electricity is more expensive to generate and is sold at a price premium to Eskom and municipalities, would they pass the premium on to consumers; can they differentiate the green electricity product and will consumers be willing to buy at a premium price? This research study aims to answer if businesses would be willing to pay a premium for green electricity, why they would be willing to buy it, which factors influence the purchasing decision and what barriers exist that will deter a purchase. A survey was conducted on businesses in the Western and Northern Cape of South Africa. The businesses sampled have a notified maximum demand of 50kVA or higher and excludes the re-distributor (City of Cape Town) customers. Approximately ten per cent of businesses would be willing buy green electricity. Most of these businesses have indicated that they are willing to pay a premium of five to nine per cent for green electricity. The businesses that are willing to pay the largest premiums (>10%) are in the electricity, gas, water, finance, insurance, real estate, business services, manufacturing, transport, storage and communications sector. Businesses that are willing to buy green electricity: • Have a strategy to reduce their carbon footprint; • Want to be community leaders (altruistic motivators); • Have as their biggest barrier the additional cost of green electricity; and • Feel that power utilities should be required to include a minimum percentage of green energy in their energy mix.
Чекамова, Вікторія Вікторівна. "Керування режимами споживання електричної потужності в електроенергетичній системі". Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2018. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/28988.
Повний текст джерелаActuality of theme. To date, consumer demand for electricity is uneven. This leads to a decrease in the reliability and efficiency of the functioning of the grid, as well as the deterioration of the quality of electric energy. In connection with this, there is a need to regulate the demand of consumers for electric power. The necessity of the periodic application of administrative constraints on consumer demand for electricity was the fact that the energy sector of Ukraine was scarce at different times. This is explained by the fact that, on the one hand, there is insufficient amount of fuel at power plants, and on the other hand - physical deterioration of a significant amount of generating equipment of the power plant, as well as electric networks. The unfavorable structure of generating capacities was caused by the fact that in the united system of Ukraine there is a serious shortage of electric power. It is understood that Ukraine's energy system is insufficiently equipped with the required number of maneuvering blocks, which, in turn, can quickly enter the operating mode of hot or cold reserves, and also change the amount of electric power produced in a wide range. Therefore, the quality of electric energy, as well as the reliability of ensuring the demand of consumers for electric power, becomes an increasingly complex task for the Ukrainian energy sector. It is known that there are different methods and methods for controlling demand for electric power, the main of which are methods of structural and technological management, administrative and legal methods, economic and organizational. If we consider structural and technological methods, then we are talking about the unloading of the power system in emergency situations or the dipole of electric power. For this purpose, it would be advisable to increase the number of maneuvering capacities in the UES of Ukraine, namely the construction of new hydroelectric power stations, the construction and use of steam and gas turbine generating units, as well as the modernization of the existing equipment of the hydroelectric power station. But, unfortunately, this path requires significant financial and material costs, as well as a sufficiently long time. Therefore, it is necessary to apply such methods of controlling the demand of consumers for electric power, which provide the least amount of time and expenses, while remaining effective. It's about the economic management methods. Thus, one of such means of economic management of consumer demand is the tariff system of the country, namely tariffs differentiated by zones of the day. Differentiated tariffs in Ukraine have been in force since 1995. At that time, the use of such tariffs had a strong stimulating effect on consumers, with what each year their number became more and more. But, over time, the needs of consumers for electric energy have changed, with that, differentiated by zones of the day, namely, the coefficients of each zone, for a long time remained unchanged. In this regard, many scientists analyze the effect of differentiated tariffs on the equalization of daily charts, but at the same time, this problem remains relevant, because zone tariffs have lost their stimulating effects to attract new consumers, and at the same time, their number is even less. Accordingly, a new method of address management of consumer demand for electric power was proposed. The purpose and tasks of the study. The aim of the work is to improve the mechanism of address management of consumer demand for electric power. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: • analysis of the current state of the Ukrainian energy sector; • estimation of the use of tariff-differentiated zones; • determination of the nature and degree of influence of groups of consumers on the formation of a daily schedule of electric load of the power system; • Comparison of the existing boundaries of the tariff zones of the day with the modern needs of consumers; • The concept and methodical bases of the construction and use of the mechanism of address control of electric power consumption modes have been improved; • The calculation of the participation coefficient and the distribution coefficient has been improved. Object of study. Processes of control of modes of consumption of electric power in the power system. Subject of study. Methods and methods for controlling the demand of electric power consumers in the energy system. Research methods. Methods of correlation and dispersion analysis, as well as mathematical statistics, are used to determine the nature and extent of the impact of major consumer groups on the unevenness of the schedules of the electric load of the power system; the study of the nature and degree of counteraction of the load of consumers, which use differentiated by the zones of the day tariffs in accordance with the change in demand for the power of consumers who do not use these tariffs; Estimating the potential of energy saving in electricity generation for electricity production, which can be obtained as a result of equalizing the unevenness of its loading schedule. Methods for establishing confidence intervals and clustering of hourly loads using Student's criterion are used to identify the actual days of the day with a statistically different level of electrical load of the power system and consumer groups. Methods of generalization and logical approach, methods of modeling electric power schedules, methods of optimal programming are used for the use of address management tools for power consumption in the grid. Scientific novelty of the obtained results. The method of determining the duration and limits of actual days of the day with a statistically different level of electric load, based on the grouping of hourly values of the load of the power system and consumers of electricity, has been improved. The indicator, which allows to assess the degree of counteraction to the electric load of "diffariffic" and "non-dipharmary" consumers, is improved. The quantitative indicators, namely, the coefficient of participation and the distribution coefficient, which allow estimating the participation of each of the participants in the proposed mechanism of address management of consumer demand in the alignment of the unevenness of the schedule of the electric load of the grid. The practical value of the results. For the effective stimulation of consumers to equalize the uneven schedule of electric loading of the UES of Ukraine, the proposed concept and methodical bases can be applied. Also, it has a new direction in developing market-based methods for controlling electricity consumption regimes in the grid.
Rinaldy. "A technique to incorporate the impacts of demand side management on generation expansion planning." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40021.
Повний текст джерелаRoe, Curtis Aaron. "Impacts of automated residential energy management technology on primary energy source utilization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45865.
Повний текст джерелаNg, Kwok-kei Simon, and 吳國基. "Optimal planning and management of stochastic demand and renewable energy in smart power grid." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50434299.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Shao, Shengnan. "An Approach to Demand Response for Alleviating Power System Stress Conditions due to Electric Vehicle Penetration." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29335.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Zhao, Jiayun. "A Simulation-based Decision Support System for Electric Power Demand Management Considering Social Network Interactions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/311558.
Повний текст джерелаWu, Rentao. "Integration of electric vehicles in a flexible electricity demand side management framework." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33261.
Повний текст джерелаJoo, Jhi-Young. "Adaptive Load Management: Multi-Layered And Multi-Temporal Optimization Of The Demand Side In Electric Energy Systems." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2013. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/307.
Повний текст джерелаKim, Sean Hay. "Development of robust building energy demand-side control strategy under uncertainty." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41115.
Повний текст джерелаQually, Byron Alexander. "A socio-technical inquiry into semiotics and ethnology in South Africa, with special reference to electricity." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1323.
Повний текст джерелаDemand Side Management (DSM) within a South African context requires a transdisciplinary approach to comprehend electricity consumption. Current research suggests a technical determinism, whereby design teams fail to acknowledged social factors and cultural influences when conceptualising DSM artefacts. The result of which, is that artefacts fail to be adopted by the market, and consumer behaviour and electricity consumption remains unchanged. The thesis aims to demonstrate the hypothesis, that semiotics and ethnology may affect sustainable residential electricity management in South Africa. The ubiquitous literature on electricity management is administered by means of the theoretical lens, Sociotechnical Theory. Mixed method instrument obtain fieldwork data from three of the eleven official South African languages: Afrikaans, English and IsiXhosa.
Campillo, Javier. "From Passive to Active Electric Distribution Networks." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Framtidens energi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-31592.
Повний текст джерелаDu, Liang. "Advanced classification and identification of plugged-in electric loads." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50321.
Повний текст джерелаSaeidpour, Parizy Ehsan. "Electrical Energy Retail Price Optimization for an Interconnected/Islanded Power Grid." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1512463830323059.
Повний текст джерелаLambert, Quentin. "Business Models for an Aggregator : Is an Aggregator economically sustainable on Gotland?" Thesis, KTH, Industriella informations- och styrsystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-98482.
Повний текст джерелаSanchez, Luis Carlos [UNESP]. "Proposta de um novo modelo matemático para gerenciamento ótimo de energia elétrica pelo lado do consumidor." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151629.
Повний текст джерелаApproved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-09-15T15:21:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 sanchez_lc_me_ilha.pdf: 2890277 bytes, checksum: cfea2bf60d40685c6c36c43b6e60fd5b (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-15T15:21:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 sanchez_lc_me_ilha.pdf: 2890277 bytes, checksum: cfea2bf60d40685c6c36c43b6e60fd5b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-14
No contexto de gestão e conservação de energia elétrica, ferramentas de apoio ao consumidor para gerenciar sua demanda são fundamentais para a otimização do uso dos recursos energéticos de modo a minimizar os custos com energia elétrica e ao mesmo tempo garantir o conforto do consumidor, considerando que este consumidor esteja inserido em um ambiente de Gerenciamento pelo Lado da Demanda (GLD). Assim, este trabalho propõe um novo modelo matemático de programação linear inteira mista (PLIM) para resolver o problema de gerenciamento ótimo de energia elétrica pelo lado do consumidor. O modelo matemático é baseado na minimização do custo da energia elétrica e maximização do conforto do consumidor, levando em conta a minimização da diferença entre o consumo habitual e o consumo ótimo, e a minimização da potência absorvida da rede. O modelo é implementado em linguagem de programação AMPL e resolvido utilizando o solver CPLEX. A metodologia é aplicada para gerenciar um conjunto de cargas típicas residenciais e os resultados mostram sua eficiência e potencial para gerenciar de forma ótima a demanda do consumidor, considerando a tarifa de energia elétrica com preço variável, geração distribuída, armazenamento de energia em banco de baterias e veículos elétricos.
In the context of the management and conservation of electric energy, consumer support tools to manage their demand are fundamental for optimizing the use of energy resources in order to minimize energy costs and at the same time guarantee consumer comfort, considering that the consumer is inserted in a Demand Response (DR) environment. Thus, this work proposes a new mathematical model of mixed integer linear programming (MILP) to solve the problem of optimal management of electrical energy by the consumer side. The mathematical model is based on minimizing the cost of electrical energy, maximizing consumer comfort, taking into account the minimization of the difference between habitual consumption and optimal consumption, and minimizing the power consumed by the network. The model is implemented in AMPL programming language and solved using the CPLEX solver. The methodology is applied to manage a set of typical residential loads and the results show its efficiency and potential to optimally manage the consumer demand, considering the price of electricity with variable price, distributed generation, storage of energy in bank of batteries and electric vehicles.
Sanchez, Luis Carlos. "Proposta de um novo modelo matemático para gerenciamento ótimo de energia elétrica pelo lado do consumidor /." Ilha Solteira, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151629.
Повний текст джерелаResumo: No contexto de gestão e conservação de energia elétrica, ferramentas de apoio ao consumidor para gerenciar sua demanda são fundamentais para a otimização do uso dos recursos energéticos de modo a minimizar os custos com energia elétrica e ao mesmo tempo garantir o conforto do consumidor, considerando que este consumidor esteja inserido em um ambiente de Gerenciamento pelo Lado da Demanda (GLD). Assim, este trabalho propõe um novo modelo matemático de programação linear inteira mista (PLIM) para resolver o problema de gerenciamento ótimo de energia elétrica pelo lado do consumidor. O modelo matemático é baseado na minimização do custo da energia elétrica e maximização do conforto do consumidor, levando em conta a minimização da diferença entre o consumo habitual e o consumo ótimo, e a minimização da potência absorvida da rede. O modelo é implementado em linguagem de programação AMPL e resolvido utilizando o solver CPLEX. A metodologia é aplicada para gerenciar um conjunto de cargas típicas residenciais e os resultados mostram sua eficiência e potencial para gerenciar de forma ótima a demanda do consumidor, considerando a tarifa de energia elétrica com preço variável, geração distribuída, armazenamento de energia em banco de baterias e veículos elétricos.
Abstract: In the context of the management and conservation of electric energy, consumer support tools to manage their demand are fundamental for optimizing the use of energy resources in order to minimize energy costs and at the same time guarantee consumer comfort, considering that the consumer is inserted in a Demand Response (DR) environment. Thus, this work proposes a new mathematical model of mixed integer linear programming (MILP) to solve the problem of optimal management of electrical energy by the consumer side. The mathematical model is based on minimizing the cost of electrical energy, maximizing consumer comfort, taking into account the minimization of the difference between habitual consumption and optimal consumption, and minimizing the power consumed by the network. The model is implemented in AMPL programming language and solved using the CPLEX solver. The methodology is applied to manage a set of typical residential loads and the results show its efficiency and potential to optimally manage the consumer demand, considering the price of electricity with variable price, distributed generation, storage of energy in bank of batteries and electric vehicles.
Mestre
Hubert, Tanguy Fitzgerald. "Design and implementation of a software tool for day-ahead and real-time electricity grid optimal management at the residential level from a customer's perspective." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41188.
Повний текст джерелаDargahi, Uzoonbulagh Ardavan. "Gestion des flux multi-énergie pour les systèmes V2H." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT104/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD dissertation addresses the power management for the convergence oftransportation and housing power requirement. An approach based on optimization techniquesis proposed for the joint management of the power production and consumption in buildingswith renewable energy generator and connection to electric vehicle. The power manageranticipates day ahead optimal control for multiple electrical and thermal sources locatedin the building as well as the processes of energy storage in order to achieve the bestpossible configuration of energy flow, which minimize the cost of energy bills. Consideringthe bidirectional energy flow between the vehicle and the building in the "vehicle to home"(V2H) applications, the energy stored in the cars battery of the car can be used to supplythe household loads while it is parked. The manager also performs an electrical demandadjustment mechanism which programs schedules the "operation" of some of home appliancesin order to reduce the consumption of the inhabitants during peak periods when the electricityprice is high
Ñontol, Cahui Angel Enrique, Espinal Grecia Estefania Rondón, and Ponce Luis Miguel Tirado. "Propuesta de implementación de un modelo de gestión de la demanda estratégica de TI para el área comercial de una empresa distribuidora de energía eléctrica." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655985.
Повний текст джерелаThe main goal of this research is to propose an IT Strategic Demand Management Model adjusted to the company's realty, that allow them to select aligned to the strategic objectives’ projects, take into consideration the IT resources needed from the very first time, and properly prioritize the project portfolio. In the first chapter we present the theoretical framework, where we review relevant information about the electric sector, which the company belongs to, and analyze existing methodologic frameworks related to the IT Strategic Demand Management, such as GEDEST-TI and methodologies for project portfolio prioritization, such as Verbal Decision Analysis. In the second chapter we present more details about the company organization, its different areas, the kind of projects they implement, and we focus on the problematic situation analysis, caused by the number of cancelled projects, and implemented but not used projects. These kinds of projects represent 17% average of the annual budget assigned for projects, considering the 3 last year’s information. In the third chapter we present the proposed problem solution, detailing every one of the model phases, the economic viability and implementation schedule. Finally, in chapter 4 we detail our research conclusions and recommendations for the company, obtained from our analysis.
Trabajo de investigación
Dickert, Jörg. "Synthese von Zeitreihen elektrischer Lasten basierend auf technischen und sozialen Kennzahlen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-204629.
Повний текст джерелаDistributed generation and novel loads such as electric vehicles and heat pumps require the development towards active distribution networks. Load curves are needed for the appropriate design process. This thesis presents a feasible and expandable synthesis of load curves, which is performed exemplary on residential customers with a period under review of 1 year and time steps of as little as 30 s. The data is collected for up-to-date appliances and current statics examining the way of life. The main focus lies on the input data for the synthesis and distinguishes between technical and social factors. Some thirty home appliances have been analyzed and are classified into five appliance classes by incorporating switching operations and power consumptions. The active power is the key figure for the technical perspective and the data is derived from manufacturer information. For the social perspective six different customer types are defined. They differ in sizes of household and housekeeping. The social key figures are appliance penetration rate and depending on the appliance class the turn-on time, turn-off time, operating duration or cycle duration. The elaborated two-stage synthesis is efficiently implemented in Matlab®. First, artificial load curves are created for each appliance of the households under consideration of the appliance class. In the second step, the individual load curves of the appliances are combined to load curves per line conductor. The algorithms have been validated in the implementation process by retracing the input data in the load curves. Also, the feasibility of the results is shown by comparing the key figures maximum load and power consumption to data in literature. The generated load curves allow for unsymmetrical calculations of distribution systems and can be used for probabilistic investigations of the charging of electric vehicles, the sizing of thermal storage combined with heat pumps or the integration of battery storage systems. A main advantage is the possibility to estimate the likelihood of operating conditions. The enhancement to further appliances and the changeability of the input data allows for versatile further possible investigations
Allard, Stéphane. "Enjeux de flexibilité liés au développement des infrastructures réseaux pour l'intégration massive des énergies renouvelables variables dans le système électrique à l’horizon 2100." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT101/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe power system is facing a major shift with the large-scale development of variable renewable energy sources (VRES). This vertical and centralized architecture helped the system to be robust and reliable. However, VRES production is intermittent and less predictable. As a result, the system needs to add more flexibility with new options such as Demand Side Management, storage technologies and VREs curtailment. But renewable energies potentials are unevenly distributed in Europe and, with high shares of VREs, power flows exchanges will increase between specific regions. As a result, the existing transmission grid would face congestions and these flexibility options might not be sufficient to alleviate these bottlenecks. To analyse these impacts, the work carried in this thesis uses the long-term energy model POLES (Prospective Outlook on Long-term Energy Systems) coupled with the new European power sector module EUTGRID (EUropean – Transmission Grid Investment and Dispatch). It includes a detailed transmission grid and more realistic power flows with a DC-OPF. A grid investment mechanism is also incorporated to determine the grid investments based on nodal prices. This new coupling permits to get a dynamic evolution of the transmission grid. The role of the transmission grid is being assessed and compared with other flexibility options. The grid investments increase largely with important development of VRES while other flexibility options cannot completely replace them. Finally, an exploratory work is being carried with the introduction of generic distribution grids (urban, semi-urban and urban) in EUTGRID. The results show that the reinforcements are slightly delayed with a greater use of back-up technologies which increases the total emissions
Ramnarain, Veer Nishaan. "Consumer response to power conservation program." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8174.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (MBA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2009.
Lin, Jui-Hsien, and 林瑞賢. "A Study on Taiwan Electric Power Demand Response and Load Management- A Case Study of Demand Bidding." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nqg93m.
Повний текст джерела台南應用科技大學
國際企業經營系碩士班
105
This essay is aim to discuss the important role of electricity demand response load management. With effective electricity load management and integrate dispersed manner, the peak load power supply can be balanced, furthermore, shorten the gap of peak and trough load power. Power supply industry not only cut off the generation cost, but also elevate reserve margin. All these efforts hope to stabilize the power supply chain and avoid power crisis. This essay analyzed the “Demand bidding” method in demand response operation with case study. The most important issue is that power industry can’t control their users due to the low qualifications of participants (just to decrease the contract load up to 50kw) and low executive rate. We focus on 4 high-voltage power used company as our case study subject, including textile industry, university, traditional and general manufacturing industry, and the contract load of these company are usually between 400 kw and 18,000 kw. We received valuable information from interview, each one who engaged in this project is manager level or above. During the interview, Taipower and company representatives discussed series of question and solution. The whole process continued monthly till the end of 2016 (Table 3-1). It has been lots of problems and frustration when conducting the whole project. The result would be organized and analyzed to provide suggestion to Taipower demand bidding operation. After summarized and analyzed, the case study showed that 1. To popularize demand bidding operation more smoothly, we must access the board member, showing a sense of moderate degree of organizational loyalty. 2. To popularize demand bidding operation more smoothly, we must build trust between users and power supplier. 3. The main reason of low executive rate is the divergence of loyalty between users and power supplier. 4. The high price could have beneficial effect on electricity deduction incentives In summary, this study provided some suggestions and follow-up studies for reference by relevant department.
Shih, Chuan-hung, and 史全宏. "A Study of Demand-Side Management ofTai-power Corporation and Electric Engineering Businesses." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96619925523481595149.
Повний текст джерела國立高雄大學
高階法律暨管理碩士在職專班(EMLBA)
98
Taiwan Power Company (Taipower) was chartered to establish in accordance with “The Electricity Act,” in which the general electric operators, electric power transmission companies and electric power distributers are categorized as the public utility industry. The engineerings are divided into electrical technician industry, electrical installation industry and electrical equipment inspection industry. Among them, the business license for the electric technician industry is valid without expiration while the licenses for the electrical installation industry and electrical equipment inspection industry are valid for 5 years. The competent authority carries out this regulation that will influence the marketing circumstance and the existing professional electricity relevant companies’ management direction. This study explored that after the implementation of The Electricity Act, how the Taipower’s business regulations influence the management of the electrical installation industry and electrical equipment inspection industry. Through the questionnaire survey to the general users, commercial users, electrical installation industry and electrical equipment inspection industry, this study is trying to examine the legalization and existing management problem for the electrical installation industry and electrical equipment inspection industry. Meanwhile, the study also inspected if the general users gain the right they deserved. Based on the survey results, the author proposed several ways to enhance consumers’ right, and to increase management performance for the electricity industries. Finally, this study provided the amendment suggestion for the law and offered methods to increase customers' satisfaction and demand for Taipower and releted industries. Basically, this paper is a practical study and can be applied in current circumstance. The researcher transfers the consumers and electricity industries’ problems into the research topic, and then analyzes with academic theories. Finally, according to the analysis, the author provides the consumers and electricity industries a further reference regarding management pattern and also offers the cosumers a favorable electricity value.
Boano, Danquah Jerry. "Stochastic Modelling of Daily Peak Electricity Demand Using Value Theory." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1209.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Statistics
Daily peak electricity data from ESKOM, South African power utility company for the period, January 1997 to December 2013 consisting of 6209 observations were used in this dissertation. Since 1994, the increased electricity demand has led to sustainability issues in South Africa. In addition, the electricity demand continues to rise everyday due to a variety of driving factors. Considering this, if the electricity generating capacity in South Africa does not show potential signs of meeting the country’s demands in the subsequent years, this may have a significant impact on the national grid causing it to operate in a risky and vulnerable state, leading to disturbances, such as load shedding as experienced during the past few years. In particular, it is of greater interest to have sufficient information about the extreme value of the stochastic load process in time for proper planning, designing the generation and distribution system, and the storage devices as these would ensure efficiency in the electrical energy in order to maintain discipline in the grid systems. More importantly, electricity is an important commodity used mainly as a source of energy in industrial, residential and commercial sectors. Effective monitoring of electricity demand is of great importance because demand that exceeds maximum power generated will lead to power outage and load shedding. It is in the light of this that the study seeks to assess the frequency of occurrence of extreme peak electricity demand in order to come up with a full electricity demand distribution capable of managing uncertainties in the grid system. In order to achieve stationarity in the daily peak electricity demand (DPED), we apply a penalized regression cubic smoothing spline to ensure the data is non-linearly detrended. The R package “evmix” is used to estimate the thresholds using the bounded corrected kernel density plot. The non-linear detrended datasets were divided into summer, spring, winter and autumn according to the calender dates in the Southern Hemisphere for frequency analysis. The data is declustered using Ferro and Segers automatic declustering method. The cluster maxima is extracted using the R package “evd”. We fit Poisson GPD and stationary point process to the cluster maxima and the intensity function of the point process which measures the frequency of occurrence of the daily peak electricity demand per year is calculated for each dataset. The formal goodness-of-fit test based on Cramer-Von Mises statistics and Anderson-Darling statistics supported the null hypothesis that each dataset follow Poisson GPD (σ, ξ) at 5 percent level of significance. The modelling framework, which is easily extensible to other peak load parameters, is based on the assumption that peak power follows a Poisson process. The parameters of the developed i models were estimated using the Maximum Likelihood. The usual asymptotic properties underlying the Poisson GPD were satisfied by the model.
NRF
Gołębiowska, Bernadeta. "Preferencje konsumentów dotyczące sposobów zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa dostaw energii elektrycznej w Polsce." Doctoral thesis, 2021. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3979.
Повний текст джерелаThe doctoral dissertation deals with the Demand Side Management (DSM) in households in Poland. The thesis describes the results of the study on consumer preferences towards DSM programs and verifies hypotheses about the influence of psychological factors on the acceptance of demand control. Climate change, leading to imbalance in the ecosystem, along with growing energy needs, prompts a search for new solutions to improve energy efficiency. Power systems all over the world are not always able to meet the demand for electricity and investments in new production capacity and production increase negative externalities. Energy production in Poland is based mainly on coal, which increases greenhouse gas emissions and contributes to climate change. In addition, the presence of peak load times makes it difficult to balance supply and demand. Demand control through DSM is a proposal that can ensure the security of the system and helps to achieve climate goals at the same time. DSM makes it possible to influence the demand for electricity, it modifies the consumption profiles of consumers by means of incentives to change their behavior. DSM use incentive programs to reduce/shift energy consumption, e.g. multi-part tariffs, control of electrical appliances. The development of DSM in Poland may bring significant economic gains for the entire country, resulting from the reduction of transmission losses, reduction of a peak load in the system, and avoiding investment costs. Despite the importance of DSM for the energy system, some issues have not been discussed and examined in detail in the literature. The aim of the doctoral dissertation is to fill the existing gap – to examine the preferences of Polish households towards DSM programs and the impact of social norms on their acceptance. The effectiveness of DSM depends on individual factors, such as social norms, consumer beliefs, and values that determine the vulnerability to the stimuli used. By analyzing the impact of these factors, it is possible to predict consumer reactions and design DSM programs more efficiently. The empirical part of the dissertation was based on an online survey (questionnaire + experiment) conducted on a representative sample of 1,000 Poles. Due to the innovative nature of DSM, the energy literacy of Poles, which is of key importance in the early stages of project implementation, was examined. 4 The doctoral dissertation consists of a collection of four scientific publications published in 2020-2021. The first article is a literature review on the psychological aspects of electricity demand management. The research on DSM presented in the literature requires an interdisciplinary approach that will enable the analysis of consumer behavior taking into account many factors. Meanwhile, disciplinary divisions are observed in scientific articles. The presented review of the literature combines various fields of science, takes into account the value-belief-norms theory, the norm activation model of Schwartz, the theory of planned behavior, the Rubicon model of action phases, and the influence of feedback. Behavioral economists point to the limitations of the human mind and question the assumption of rational decisions. Electricity consumption is an example of behavior influenced by many factors, and the assumption of rational choices is often not met. In the case of DSM projects, the key aspect is consumer awareness, which is the subject of the second article. A tool was designed to determine the level of energy literacy of Poles based on research conducted abroad (Blasch, Boogen, Filippini & Kumar, 2017). So far, no research has been conducted to test the knowledge and beliefs that make up energy literacy. Additionally, the relationship between energy literacy and norms was investigated. Relatively low energy literacy was observed in households in Poland (measured by the knowledge of energy prices and the effects of consumption on the environment). Poles do not know well the prices of electricity consumption, nor are they well aware of the costs of using energy-consuming equipment. The use of electricity may be automatic, as it accompanies everyday habits, e.g. cooking, cleaning. The amount of energy consumption is not visible, so some consumers do not control it (see Kowalska-Pyzalska and Byrka, 2019). This contributes to the observed energy efficiency gap – households waste some of the energy or do not invest in energy-saving appliances, do not take advantage of the savings opportunities (Abrardi, 2019). On the other hand, it has been shown that Poles are convinced about the positive effects of conscious consumption and that they are aware of the dangers of climate change. Increasing the energy literacy in households, by influencing actual consumption choices, is an important element of DSM programs in Poland. The third article presents the study of consumer preferences towards DSM programs. The Choice Experiment (CE) method was used to analyze the choices between different electricity contracts involving demand management. The main objective of the study was to estimate the value of discomfort from external control of electricity consumption and sharing consumption information. The results of the experiment made it possible to estimate the compensation people need to accept the external control of electricity. Additionally, the impact of the social 5 comparison (between household energy consumption and the respondent's “powiat” average) on DSM acceptance was examined. Contrary to the expectations, the respondents who said that they use more electricity than the average person in the “powiat” require a higher compensation to accept DSM. The research on the preference for DSM has been deepened and described in the fourth article. The study was aimed at examining the impact of social norms and financial motivation on consumer choices. Ajzen's theory of planned behavior provided a theoretical framework for the study. In the quantitative analysis, the hybrid choice model was used. People with higher descriptive social norms for electricity consumption were less sensitive to the level of compensation for accepting DSM. People willing to sign a contract for financial reasons were less sensitive to external control of electricity consumption and less likely to choose the status quo option. The results suggest that financial incentives can reduce the impact of social norms. The doctoral dissertation provides new empirical results that may form the basis for designing DSM in Poland. The articles included in the work describe individual factors which influence consumer behavior in terms of electricity consumption, thus constituting a source of information for decision-makers and the base for future research. Keywords: choice experiment, Demand Side Management, electric power, preferences JEL classification codes: C25, D19, D91, Q41, Q48
Dickert, Jörg. "Synthese von Zeitreihen elektrischer Lasten basierend auf technischen und sozialen Kennzahlen: Grundlage für Planung, Betrieb und Simulation von aktiven Verteilungsnetzen." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29601.
Повний текст джерелаDistributed generation and novel loads such as electric vehicles and heat pumps require the development towards active distribution networks. Load curves are needed for the appropriate design process. This thesis presents a feasible and expandable synthesis of load curves, which is performed exemplary on residential customers with a period under review of 1 year and time steps of as little as 30 s. The data is collected for up-to-date appliances and current statics examining the way of life. The main focus lies on the input data for the synthesis and distinguishes between technical and social factors. Some thirty home appliances have been analyzed and are classified into five appliance classes by incorporating switching operations and power consumptions. The active power is the key figure for the technical perspective and the data is derived from manufacturer information. For the social perspective six different customer types are defined. They differ in sizes of household and housekeeping. The social key figures are appliance penetration rate and depending on the appliance class the turn-on time, turn-off time, operating duration or cycle duration. The elaborated two-stage synthesis is efficiently implemented in Matlab®. First, artificial load curves are created for each appliance of the households under consideration of the appliance class. In the second step, the individual load curves of the appliances are combined to load curves per line conductor. The algorithms have been validated in the implementation process by retracing the input data in the load curves. Also, the feasibility of the results is shown by comparing the key figures maximum load and power consumption to data in literature. The generated load curves allow for unsymmetrical calculations of distribution systems and can be used for probabilistic investigations of the charging of electric vehicles, the sizing of thermal storage combined with heat pumps or the integration of battery storage systems. A main advantage is the possibility to estimate the likelihood of operating conditions. The enhancement to further appliances and the changeability of the input data allows for versatile further possible investigations.