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De Rezende, Leandro Bolzan, Paul Blackwell, and Marcio Denys Pessanha Gonçalves. "Research Focuses, Trends, and Major Findings on Project Complexity: A Bibliometric Network Analysis of 50 Years of Project Complexity Research." Project Management Journal 49, no. 1 (February 2018): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875697281804900104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article analyzes the project complexity research field using bibliometric analysis. The field evolved in three waves (prior to 1985, between 1990 and 2004, and after 2005) from several disconnected seminal works, to a more centralized discussion that began based on efforts to characterize and classify complex projects to focus on the developing models and frameworks that, considering aspects of uncertainty and dynamics, supported managers to adapt and manage their projects. The findings suggest that project complexity is defined by dimensions that include structural, uncertainty, novelty, dynamics, pace, social-political, and regulative. The findings also suggest that the focus is changing from project control to project adaptability, and it is necessary to develop capabilities to manage complex projects, not only in the organization or at the team level, but also through the project's supply chain.
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Huang, Xiao Min. "Study on Evaluation and Optimization of Major Scientific Research Projects." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 2266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.2266.
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In the management of scientific research, we must optimize the configuration of funding and support the major scientific research project with higher academic value and application value. In this paper, the problem of screening and evaluation of major scientific research projects in the management of scientific research is studied. The index system for evaluating the scientific research project is designed, and two comprehensive evaluation models of scientific research projects are established based on the theory of fuzzy mathematics and grey system. It provides the basis for the objective and scientific evaluation and optimization of scientific research project.
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Settee, Priscilla, and Shelley Thomas-Prokop. "Community University Research Agreement." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 36, S1 (2007): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1326011100004683.
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AbstractThis paper describes the process of engaging the extended Indigenous community within Saskatoon and the surrounding First Nations communities in what would be a first major research project between Indigenous communities and the University of Saskatchewan. A management committee was established comprised of all the major Saskatoon/Saskatchewan Indigenous organisations, such as the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians, Saskatoon Tribal Council, First Nations University of Canada and other community-based groups to ensure that research reflected First Nations and Metis needs. The project called “Bridges and Foundations” awarded some 35 projects close to two million dollars in research funds. The money was awarded through graduate student research bursaries, and community-based projects which highlighted the needs of Indigenous women, youth, students, elders and urban populations. The three research themes included respectful protocol, knowledge creation, and policy development. The research projects, which were largely Indigenous designed and driven, created one of the most extensive research collections over a period of four years and included major data collection on community-based research, Indigenous peoples and Indigenous knowledge systems and protocols. The paper relates the development of the project and speaks about the need for Indigenous peoples to lead their own research as well as the benefits of collaboration. It also highlights several of the research projects including a conference on Indigenous knowledge (2004), a video project describing the community mobilisation process behind Quint Urban Housing Co-operatives,
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Liyu, Xia, Li Xin, and Meng Weixuan. "Evaluation of Innovation Management of Major Projects." E3S Web of Conferences 165 (2020): 04031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016504031.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is of great significance to evaluate the implementation effect of major engineering innovation management and summarize the successful or failed experience of major engineering innovation management for the smooth development of major projects in the future. We select the representative Beijing Shanghai high speed railway project, Ultra-high voltage project, Three Gorges project and Ten major aircraft project as examples to summarize the methods and effects of innovation management of major projects, and build the evaluation system of innovation management of major projects from two main dimensions of innovation management mode and innovation management mechanism to visually evaluate the effect of innovation management of major projects. The research results show that the evaluation system proposed by us has good applicability to major project innovation management, and visual display can reveal the evaluation results more intuitively.
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Zuo, Jian, George Zillante, Zhen-Yu Zhao, and Bo Xia. "Does project culture matter? A comparative study of two major hospital projects." Facilities 32, no. 13/14 (September 30, 2014): 801–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-02-2013-0014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – This research aims to investigate the impacts of project culture on the performance of construction projects. Cultural issues in the construction industry have attracted growing attention from both practitioners and academia. However, there are few studies on culture issues at the project level. The influence of project culture has not traditionally been on the research radar. Design/methodology/approach – A case study approach, utilising questionnaire surveys, in-depth interviews and review of project documents, was used to investigate project culture and its associated impacts in two major hospital projects. Findings – The results indicated that project culture played an important role in achieving harmonious relationships between project participants and better project outcomes in terms of schedule, functionality, satisfaction with the process, satisfaction with the relationships, environmental issues addressed commercial success, further business opportunities and overall performance. Case 1 outperformed Case 2 in these performance indicators. Similarly, it became clear that the project’s culture should be developed from the outset and sustained during the project period. Furthermore, it was also highlighted that the project culture should be translated to all levels of the supply chain, i.e. sub-contractors and suppliers. Practical implications – The findings enabled the client to understand the role of project culture and actively commit towards the development and maintenance of the project culture from very early on. It also helps project teams to understand how to deal with cultural issues at the project level. Originality/value – This study is one of limited empirical studies that offer in-depth insights of how project culture affects the performance of construction projects. It is also the first study of hospital projects on the research topic.
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Famiyeh, Samuel, Charles Teye Amoatey, Ebenezer Adaku, and Collins Sena Agbenohevi. "Major causes of construction time and cost overruns." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 15, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-11-2015-0075.
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Purpose In Ghana, the duration of construction projects from inception to completion is becoming a great concern, recently, especially among clients and beneficiaries, because of the rising interest rates, inflation, development plan targets, among other factors. Hence the need to understand the causes of delays and cost overrun in the construction sector has become more important than ever. This study therefore aims to identify the major factors underlying time and cost overruns in projects related to the education sector in Ghana to proffer practical solutions in addressing them. Design/methodology/approach The study conducted a survey among clients’ consultants and representatives of the contractors working on about 60 government school projects. A relative importance index was used to determine the relative effects of the factors causing construction time and cost overruns. Findings The key factors causing construction time overrun were: financial problems, unrealistic contract durations imposed by clients, poorly defined project scope, client-initiated variations, under-estimation of project cost by consultants, poor inspection/supervision of projects by consultants. Other factors were underestimation of project complexity by contractors, poor site management, inappropriate construction methods used by contractors and delays in the issuance of permits by government agencies. Factors affecting cost overruns were financial difficulty by client, delays in payments of completed works, variations in designs, lack of communications plans, poor feasibility and project analysis, poor financial management on site and material price fluctuations. Research limitations/implications The research was limited to only the educational sector projects. Practical implications Practically, this study highlights for the construction sector the critical factors causing project time and cost overruns in Ghana. Identification of these factors provides the basis for pragmatic solutions to enhance the chances of project success. Social implications The identification and solutions to project time and cost overruns, especially for educational sector projects, contribute toward making public goods more affordable and accessible to most citizens, particularly in developing countries. Originality/value This study contributes to the debate on factors causing project time and cost overruns in the construction sector especially from a developing country’s perspective.
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Gemünden, Hans Georg. "Project Govemance and Sustainability — Two Major Themes in Project Management Research and Practice." Project Management Journal 47, no. 6 (December 2016): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875697281604700601.
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Brunet, Maude, and Daniel Forgues. "Investigating collective sensemaking of a major project success." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 12, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 644–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-08-2018-0167.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate a case of collective sensemaking about the project success of the multifunctional amphitheater of Quebec (Canada). Design/methodology/approach For this explorative and qualitative research, the authors started from the post-mortem document and complemented their comprehension with six semi-structured interviews with the main project actors and other public documents regarding this project. Findings According to the respondents, the main success factors of this project can be attributed to: a clear governance structure; proven project management and construction methods; the use of emerging collaborative practices in construction (such as building information modeling (BIM) and lean construction); an adapted policy for procurement; as well as a code of values and ethics shared by all stakeholders. Originality/value The sensemaking perspective has been scarcely mobilized in project management studies, emerging from a constructivist view of reality and being sensitive about material-discursive practices. This exploratory study explores a case of collective sensemaking of a major project success and suggests avenues for major and megaprojects research. Lessons learned and implications for practice are also outlined. The conclusion allows a synthesis and an opening to consider how practitioners and researchers can build on this (and other successful) case(s) for future projects and research.
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Gharaibeh, Hani. "A Conceptual Framework to Improve Project Team Learning in Major Projects." International Journal of Information Technology Project Management 6, no. 2 (April 2015): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitpm.2015040104.
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Organizational learning within project teams is a phenomenon that is gaining considerable attention lately by both researchers and professionals. Review and analysis of lessons-learned documents from major projects, indicates that mistakes are repeated and lessons might not be learnt. This leads us to question whether project teams are truly learning the lessons. The purpose of this paper was to present a framework to improve project team learning in major projects. The research used a focus group methodology to investigate issues related to: learning barriers and enablers, individual and group aspects of learning as well as the mechanism of learning itself. The findings were, to say the least, very surprising as they reveal a lack of incentive for learning, lack of documentation of learning, and absence of collaborative learning within project teams.
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Angus, Jocelyn. "The experience of doctoral learning within a major research project." Nursing Inquiry 5, no. 1 (March 1998): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1800.1998.510058.x.
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Khandare, Dr Anand, Megharani Patil, and Palak Furia. "Moving towards Quality Academic Project Development using Program Specific Research Activities in Engineering Education." Journal of Engineering Education Transformations 35, S2 (July 24, 2023): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2022/v35is3/22133.
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Abstract: To improve engineering education quality of student, project is a major concern. Project experience provides a major pathway for student’s career either for their professional career or upgrading the qualification through Post Graduation or Ph.D. in Engineering. Being a very practical field, it requires experience and exposure to the real world to be expertise and successful in a certain domain. Project work integrates hands-on experiences with education which facilitate them while they are on their job desk and are being appreciated for their updated knowledge. Quality projects require effective project management. It is observed that there is very less studies done on the project management skills required for the engineering graduates. This will assist the students to learn and adequately apply their knowledge in their future project work which will help them to convey a superior focused on and more significant projects. To strengthen student project development, there is a need to incorporate innovative practices through set of program specific research activities with defined strategies. Also program specific research activities will attain higher values for program outcome. Keywords: Quality Academic Project Development, Program Specific Research Activities, Program Outcome
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Tian, Xin, Jun Zhang, and Xiaoling Jin. "Research on the Evaluation Model of Investment Benefits of Major Power Transmission and Transformation Projects Based on BWM and TOPSIS Methods." E3S Web of Conferences 218 (2020): 01045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021801045.
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Transmission and transformation project is the foundation of power grid construction, the development of large-scale transmission projects can not only realize the optimal allocation of resources, but also improve the overall efficiency of power transmission. This paper takes the investment benefit of major power transmission and transformation project as the research object, and explores its complete evaluation system in depth. According to the characteristics of various types of projects, an evaluation indicator system has been built to meet all kinds of major power transmission and transformation projects. Considering the differences in the focus of evaluation indicators of different projects, the paper puts forward an indicator evaluation idea based on BWM method (Best-Worst Method) and TOPSIS method (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution Method), so as to establish an investment benefit evaluation model applicable to various power transmission and transformation projects. Finally, the paper verifies the above investment benefit evaluation model through the actual engineering project, and the evaluation process and results show the practicality and superiority of the model.
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Brunet, Maude, and Monique Aubry. "The governance of major public infrastructure projects: the process of translation." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 11, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 80–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-08-2017-0095.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the process of translation of an institutionalized governance framework as adapted to a major project in practice. Although infrastructure projects have been studied for decades, most studies have emphasized economic or contingency-based perspectives. Of those studies, some researchers have focused on governance frameworks for public infrastructure projects, and their impact for shaping the front-end phase of those projects. Yet, little is known about the way actors translate and enact those governance frameworks into practice. Understanding this translation process will lead to a better understanding of the overall performance of major infrastructure projects. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative research is based on a case study of one public infrastructure project in the health sector in Quebec, Canada. Through non-participant observation and interviews, the planning phase of the project is presented as it unfolds. Findings The process of translation is presented, from the ostensive, institutionalized governance framework, to appropriation into performative practices, which resulted in 12 specific practices: four “structuring” practices at the institutional level, five “normalizing” practices at the organizational level and three “facilitating” practices at the project level. Originality/value The main contribution of this paper is to enrich our understanding of the governance of major public infrastructure projects with process- and practice-based theories.
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SÖDERLUND, JONAS. "COMPETENCE DYNAMICS AND LEARNING PROCESSES IN PROJECT-BASED FIRMS: SHIFTING, ADAPTING AND LEVERAGING." International Journal of Innovation Management 12, no. 01 (March 2008): 41–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919608001911.
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In times of increasing use of project-based structures, the capability of managing and organising projects becomes critical for competition. Previous research has documented the problems and possibilities of cross-project learning and various mechanisms that organisations can use to stimulate and facilitate learning. Moreover, research on project competence and project capabilities has positioned these capabilities within a knowledge-based theory of the firm. This paper tries to integrate these streams of research and attempts to broaden our current conceptual frameworks of how firms develop project competence. Based on an exploratory multiple-case study of six firms, it is suggested that a more fine-grained analysis of competence dynamics is required. We identify three different learning processes that contribute to the competence dynamics operating in project-based organisations. The first one labelled "shifting" revolves around the major shifts in the project operations of the firm. It is suggested that such major shifts play an important role in laying the foundation and rejuvenating the challenges of project organising. The second learning process identified, labelled "adapting", focuses on the continuous learning that takes place within project operations of the firm, between project generation, project organising, project leadership and project teamwork. The third and final learning process — "leveraging" — emphasises the role of knowledge transfer across projects; across similar projects, across different types of projects. It is suggested that empirical research into competence dynamics in project-based organisations should consider all three types of learning processes and further develop our understanding how these processes are linked to each other.
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Prater, James, Konstantinos Kirytopoulos, and Tony Ma. "Optimism bias within the project management context." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 10, no. 2 (April 4, 2017): 370–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-07-2016-0063.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose One of the major challenges for any project is to prepare and develop an achievable baseline schedule and thus set the project up for success, rather than failure. The purpose of this paper is to explore and investigate research outputs in one of the major causes, optimism bias, to identify problems with developing baseline schedules and analyse mitigation techniques and their effectiveness recommended by research to minimise the impact of this bias. Design/methodology/approach A systematic quantitative literature review was followed, examining Project Management Journals, documenting the mitigation approaches recommended and then reviewing whether these approaches were validated by research. Findings Optimism bias proved to be widely accepted as a major cause of unrealistic scheduling for projects, and there is a common understanding as to what it is and the effects that it has on original baseline schedules. Based upon this review, the most recommended mitigation method is Flyvbjerg’s “Reference class,” which has been developed based upon Kahneman’s “Outside View”. Both of these mitigation techniques are based upon using an independent third party to review the estimate. However, within the papers reviewed, apart from the engineering projects, there has been no experimental and statistically validated research into the effectiveness of this method. The majority of authors who have published on this topic are based in Europe. Research limitations/implications The short-listed papers for this review referred mainly to non-engineering projects which included information technology focussed ones. Thus, on one hand, empirical research is needed for engineering projects, while on the other hand, the lack of tangible evidence for the effectiveness of methods related to the alleviation of optimism bias issues calls for greater research into the effectiveness of mitigation techniques for not only engineering projects, but for all projects. Originality/value This paper documents the growth within the project management research literature over time on the topic of optimism bias. Specifically, it documents the various methods recommended to mitigate the phenomenon and highlights quantitatively the research undertaken on the subject. Moreover, it introduces paths for further research.
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Bjorvatn, Torbjørn. "Internal projects as strategic tools: an organisation-level perspective and a research agenda." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 15, no. 1 (November 23, 2021): 216–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-05-2021-0118.
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PurposeThe purpose of this conceptual paper is to describe and explain how organisations use internal projects to implement organisation-level strategy objectives.Design/methodology/approachTheory development with an emphasis on explaining key constructs and their mutual relationships. The theoretical contribution is represented in a diagram along with a detailed verbal account.FindingsThe paper develops a dynamic, cross-level framework to illustrate the organisational processes and outcomes that determine project-based strategy implementation within a single organisation. The interplay between the base organisation and the project, and benefits realisation were singled out as key future research areas. The proposed framework engages with central discourses in the fields of project management, strategic management, innovation studies, knowledge management and organisation studies.Research limitations/implicationsOnly the contours of an organisation-level theory of strategically motivated internal projects are outlined. Future research must elaborate on the complexities, the non-linear relationships and the boundary conditions that follow from the proposed framework.Practical implicationsManagers are alerted to the strategic role of internal projects, how these projects help connect strategy and performance and what the accompanying organisational processes and outcomes look like.Originality/valueThe paper constitutes an early conceptual treatment of strategy-driven internal projects as a distinct project category, thus addressing a major knowledge gap in project studies. Organisational project-management theory is extended with suggestions for future research.
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Agaurov, S. Yu, and N. V. Zykova. "Features and key factors affecting the implementation of major projects." Economics and Management 29, no. 4 (May 5, 2023): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2023-4-407-413.
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Aim. The presented study aims to identify factors that have a significant impact on the implementation of large-scale projects.Tasks. The authors analyze major project management practices; investigate problems arising in the management of such projects; describe factors leading to an increase in the cost of major projects; examine the features of infrastructure projects.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition and analysis, as well as the tabular method.Results. In recent decades, mega-projects that are crucial for economic growth and social prosperity have become increasingly common across the world. The characteristic features of most large-scale and infrastructure projects include cost overruns, time delays, and often failure to achieve expected revenues compared to the original estimates. The implementation of major projects is associated with various problems, such as extreme technical and social complexity, poor implementation, low construction safety indicators, and significant impact on society, people’s living conditions, and the environment. One of the reasons for the current situation is the lack of scientifically based methodological research on the issues of major project management in a changing external environment and with a risk of uncertainty. The success of the project as a multidimensional structure includes technical and managerial aspects, as well as economic and strategic goals.Conclusion. Analysis of current major project management practices shows the shortcomings of existing approaches manifested in organizational and planning errors, as well as economic, geopolitical, and environmental risks. Mega-projects require complex management strategies to ensure smooth implementation, such as introduction of a risk management system, promotion of partnerships, and creation of information platforms. It can be concluded that there is significant international experience in the implementation of major projects. However, the shortcomings identified in this study suggest that a number of issues in the theory and practice of managing such projects remain underdeveloped methodologically.
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Mishra, Anjay Kumar. "Prioritization of Storage Hydropower Projects under Study in Nepal." Journal of Advanced Research in Geo Sciences & Remote Sensing 08, no. 01 (June 24, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2455.3190.202101.
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This research aims to find out the factors hindering the storage hydropower projects and prioritize the storage hydropower projects of Nepal. The study has covered six major storage hydropower projects that are under study. Uttar Ganga Storage Hydroelectric Project and Budigandaki Storage Hydroelectric Project are located in Gandaki Province. Dudhkoshi Storage Hydroelectric Project and Tamor Storage Hydroelectric Project lie in Province 1, while Nalsaugad Storage Hydroelectric Project lies in Karnali Province. These all projects are in the stage of feasibility study. The methodology of research followed Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). Literature review was done with AHP application in different sector including hydropower. Besides this, reviews were done on aspects like energy crisis, present energy status and future demand. Likewise, pair wise comparison was done in different multiple criteria. Additionally, response from client and expertise opinion were conducted. Technical, financial, environmental, policy and political uncertainties and responses from the project personnel were the major criteria that can affect the priority of the storage hydropower projects. Among the factors, Technical Factor was given the highest importance to be considered for the development of storage hydropower project. The findings of the research revealed that Nalsaugad Storage Hydropower Project to be the best on the basis of the multicriteria considered. The sensitivity analysis with respect to factors was done, which shows no significant difference in the ranking of projects at base case and at the case of change in weight of factors. This research is expected to assist by project managers, project directors, and concerned government authorities in prioritizing the storage projects of Nepal.
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Zhang, Yawei, Baosen Zhou, Hongmei Zeng, Yongbing Xiang, Jinfeng Wang, Cairong Zhu, Yana Bai, et al. "Novel Approaches for Monitoring and Controlling Major Cancer Risk Factors in China." JCO Global Oncology 6, Supplement_1 (July 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.20.33000.
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PURPOSE Globally, approximately one fourth of newly diagnosed cancer cases (24%) and one third of cancer deaths (30%) in 2018 occurred in China. Despite advanced scientific knowledge about risk factors, the incidence of many cancers continuous to increase, which indicates an urgent need for an effective preventive strategy. METHODS For better monitoring and control of major cancer risk factors in China, a research program was launched at the end of 2016. The program aims to develop novel algorithms for cancer risk prediction and prevention, build tools for both real-time risk factor collection and for transmission of intervention-related messages, and to create a cancer prevention platform. It is funded by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology. The China National Cancer Center plays a leading role. RESULTS This research program includes 5 projects. The first project will develop a means of collecting data on major cancer risk factors and personalized prevention message-sending apps. The second project will establish 20 population-based, high-quality tumor registries with extensive information on cancer treatment and prognosis. The third project will validate the apps and models developed through the first project in 6 large prospective cohort studies involving diverse populations. The fourth project will apply temporal and spatial high-dimensional data-mining approaches and use historical data, including national cancer incidence and mortality data, air pollution monitoring data, national surveys on smoking and nutrition, etc, to develop a cancer incidence and mortality mapping system. The fifth project will build risk prediction models and establish a cancer prevention Web site to showcase results from other projects. CONCLUSION This study has the potential to revolutionize the path of current cancer prevention by leading it toward personalized cancer prevention.
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Dickens, Linda, Mia Latta, and Anni Weiler. "Introduction: equal opportunities and collective bargaining in Europe — a major research project." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 6, no. 2 (May 2000): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890000600204.
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von Danwitz, Simon. "Organizing inter-firm project governance – a contextual model for empirical investigation." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 11, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 144–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-07-2017-0072.
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Purpose The management of major inter-firm projects requires a coherent, holistic governance framework to be effective. However, most existing models of project governance are limited to a narrow selection of contractual, structural or procedural aspects, and further neglect contextual factors, such as key characteristics of a project and its partners. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper proposes an integrative analytical model of inter-firm project governance, building upon contingency theory and drawing from established constructs rooted in organization theory. Findings The paper aims to integrate two largely distinct streams of research and synthesize the respective constitutive dimensions of project governance into a coherent conceptual model. Further, interrelationships with contextual factors, such as project-related and partner-related characteristics, and project performance are discussed. Originality/value The proposed model purposefully merges two complementary streams of project governance research. As the model further provides clear contextual factors, it strengthens an emerging stream of project research by systematically examining external influences of project organizing. Future research may utilize this model and the suggested operationalization for each of the constructs as a basis to empirically investigate the design and effectiveness of governance regimes of major projects.
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Holweg, Matthias, and Harvey Maylor. "Lean leadership in major projects: from “predict and provide” to “predict and prevent”." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 38, no. 6 (June 4, 2018): 1368–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-02-2017-0100.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the context of major projects and their management from an OM perspective; the authors provide a foundation for exploring how the body of work on lean production (the “old” theory) can contribute to the development of major projects (the “new” context). In doing so, it extends the prevailing economic approach to major projects (best described as “predict and provide”) and posits the development of an alternative approach based on extending the lean production logic to this new context (referred to as “predict and prevent”).Design/methodology/approachThe paper investigates the scope for adopting lean practices in context of major project. To this effect the authors review the current state of both lean thinking and major project management, and use “Universal Credit” as an exploratory case study to illustrate and verify the arguments in practice.FindingsTwo main findings are proposed: first, the authors demonstrate the inherent performance challenge of major projects in OM terms, which the authors argue presents significant scope for the application of OM concepts to improve major project performance. Second, using lean thinking as framing, the authors identify three distinct process levels and common wastes in major projects, and identify five principles how lean could improve the delivery of major projects.Research limitations/implicationsMajor projects present an untapped area for OM research; based on the exploratory case the authors propose ways how OM concepts can be applied to this new context. Further research will be needed to validate and generalise.Practical implicationsMajor projects, including organisational transformations, IT-enabled change, major events and large infrastructure projects, constitute a large proportion of economic activity. Despite their prominence, however, they are also commonly associated with low success rates. This paper provides one route for exploring how a successful set of principles could be applied to improving their performance.Originality/valueThis work translates a popular set of ideas from OM to strengthening a relatively neglected context within OM. An agenda for further research is suggested to support the development of this application.
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Raza, Syed Hassan, Rameez Khalid, and Muhammad Wasif. "Impact of Critical Risks on the Major Constraints of Small Engineering Projects." April 2021 40, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 415–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2102.15.
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In this research, generic and specific risks related to the critical activities of the engineering projects are identified. The surveys and interviews from various project managers and engineers of the leading consultant firms conducting engineering projects in Pakistan are the core identifiers. Specific risks associated with the common engineering projects are qualitatively analyzed to prioritize the risks according to their impact on the schedule and cost of the project. Critical activities related to the specific risks are identified. Estimated man-hours without and with quantitative risk assessment have been determined to study the impact of including risk analysis on the schedule and cost of the engineering projects. The relationship between the critical activities and the total man-hours have also been developed to identify the most critical activity or activities influencing the man-hours and ultimately the cost of the project. The likelihood of occurrence of risks are also related to the man-hour completion, to analyze the effect of certainty of the man-hour’s determination, which is an important aspect of estimating schedule, EMV and finally cost. Using the analysis, it has been inferred that the 95% confidence level is not suitable all the time for the estimation of risk impact on the schedule and cost. It increases the man-hour estimation resulting in less competitive proposal to win the project.
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Tian, Z., and J. Zhou. "RESEARCH ON KEY POINTS OF QUALITY INSPECTION OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY RESULTS AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT MEASURES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B5-2022 (June 2, 2022): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b5-2022-23-2022.
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Abstract. In recent years, the quality control of surveying, mapping and geographic information engineering has attracted much attention because of its importance. On the basis of the quality control of the first phase of the 927 project and the western surveying and mapping project, in response to the supervision needs of major national surveying, mapping and geographic information projects, this paper is based on the needs of surveying and mapping supervision, characteristics, development status, this paper analyzes the limitations of traditional surveying and mapping supervision in national major surveying and mapping geographic information projects, and proposes an improved surveying and mapping supervision method, namely the concept of surveying and mapping technical supervision. The research determines that the content of technical supervision is divided into two parts: quality management control and stage achievement quality control, and analyzes its application characteristics. Through the application and effect analysis of technical supervision in actual projects, the advantages and feasibility of technical supervision are verified, which can effectively overcome the limitations of traditional surveying and mapping supervision. The research content of this paper can guide the development of the corresponding quality control work, and provide a reference for the quality control of major national projects.
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Pratt-Adams, Simon, and Adam Longcroft. "Enhancing The Supervision Of Undergraduate Major Projects." Journal of Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice 8, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14297/jpaap.v8i1.385.
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Most undergraduate students are still required to complete a project of some kind, often in their final year of study. However, levels of student satisfaction on project modules and student outcomes are subject to considerable variation. Project modules sometimes detract from rather than add value to the student experience. Published research in the sector focused on best practice in the supervision of undergraduate projects and dissertations is limited. Using a case study approach, this article considers recent academic staff development interventions focused on enhancing supervision practice from a series of workshops and webinars organised by the authors. The analysis draws from existing module evaluation data, an in-session e-voting tool and end of session written evaluations. It considers the nuances of undergraduate supervision, the challenges that stem from cultural differences between disciplines, and the kinds of challenges faced by students and their supervisors. It argues that supervision at UG level constitutes a separate and distinctive aspect of HE pedagogic practice, and involves inducting the student into a different and often ‘alien’ approach to learning. It provides what the authors hope are some useful reflections on practice and proposes opportunities for developing practice of supervision more widely within the sector at undergraduate level.
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Chen, Yingcui, Wangyuan Xie, Xinru Yu, and Chao Wu. "Research and Application of Power Engineering Science and Technology Project Management Based on All Life-cycle." E3S Web of Conferences 292 (2021): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129201017.
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The electric power industry is an important chain in the energy revolution and one of the most important basic industries. At the same time, it is also facing the technology collision and industry innovation brought by various emerging technologies, which constantly promotes the development of the electric power industry in the direction of safety, intelligence and cleanness. Power grid enterprises have a great demand for scientific research and innovation, and the average annual investment in scientific research has exceeded 100 million yuan. With the increasing investment in scientific research and development of power enterprises year by year, the demand for systematic, scientific and efficient management system for scientific and technological projects is becoming increasingly urgent. In view of the shortcomings of the traditional project management mode, this study establishes the corresponding management and evaluation mechanism by combining with the whole life cycle management method of modern project management, realizes the transformation of power enterprise science and technology project management to high efficiency, high quality, specialization and scientization, and promotes the innovation and integration development of traditional technology and emerging technology. The all life-cycle management mode has been widely applied in major power grid projects. By integrating superior resources, breaking through major engineering technology research and development, giving full play to the innovation of projects and avoiding research and development risks, it explores the development direction of science and technology project management in energy industry and improves the industry management level.
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Alak, Aiman, Katarzyna J. Jerzak, Jaclyn A. Quirt, Shannon J. Lane, Patricia A. Miller, Shariq Haider, and Donald M. Arnold. "How to Succeed in Research During Medical Training: A Qualitative Study." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 37, no. 3 (June 1, 2014): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v37i3.21378.
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Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of the medical trainee (resident), the supervisor and the project that contribute to successful completion of resident-led research and publication in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. Methods: Qualitative, interview-based study of Internal Medicine trainees and their supervisors. All interviewed trainees published at least one first-author research paper based on a project they completed during residency. Thematic analysis was used to explore key themes from interview transcripts. An iterative, team-based approach was used to develop a coding framework, which was then applied to the data and summarized. Six investigators independently reviewed and coded transcripts, discussed the data collectively and developed key themes by consensus. Results: Thirty participants (15 residents and 15 supervisors) were interviewed. Three major themes for successful resident research projects emerged: 1) the resident is the project champion; 2) supervisors ensure feasibility and timeliness of the project; and, 3) limited time is a challenge that can be overcome. Residents were motivated by fellowship aspirations, prioritized the project and were genuinely interested in the content area. Supervisors were responsible for setting deadlines, limiting the scope of the project and ensuring feasibility of the study design. Existing research funds and infrastructure from other projects were frequently used by supervisors to support research done by trainees. Conclusions: Successful resident-led research projects require leadership and motivation by the resident and engagement, reality-checking and deadline-setting by the supervisor. Responsibilities and expectations in the resident-supervisor relationship should be set early and adequate program resources and funding are required.
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Colthurst, David R., and Mick F. Tuite. "Authentic Biology: Student-led research and discovery in schools." Research for All 2, no. 1 (January 25, 2018): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18546/rfa.02.1.02.
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Conducting cutting-edge biomedical research in schools and further education college laboratories has its challenges, but these are not insurmountable. In 2008, we established a successful cutting-edge research project into a debilitating human disease, in a secondary school environment. Here we provide a narrative describing the process behind the project, and then reflect not only on the process, but also on the benefits for school students, teachers and university researchers from engagement in such a collaborative project. We describe how, with significant financial input from a major biomedical charity, we were able to expand the initial project into Authentic Biology, a national programme of research in schools across the UK. Authentic Biology has resulted in six schools establishing their own novel research projects, mainly relating to human disease, and working in collaboration with their local university. Authentic Biology is a model for longterm school/college/university collaboration that is highly effective, productive and measurable through outcome. The challenge ahead is how to sustain the technical and financial support for such programmes.
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Zhang, Ying, and Li Hui Xiong. "Research on Problems and Improvement Strategies of Government Investment Project Management." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 2322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.2322.
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In recent years, governments at all levels invested unprecedented development in China, a large number of municipal engineering, infrastructure and industrial projects have been launched, government investment has greatly promoted economic growth. In the construction of urbanization in China in the future, government investment should not be underestimated. However, due to various reasons, the government investment project management exist many problems, which is not conducive to the preservation and appreciation of state assets, and which restricts the efficiency of resource use improvement. The major problems in the management of government -investment projects and the cause of the problem are analyzed, and then the measures for improvement are presented.
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Meng, Xiaojing, and Jie Joyce Tian. "Board Expertise and Executive Incentives." Management Science 66, no. 11 (November 2020): 5448–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2019.3355.
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We investigate how board expertise affects chief executive officer (CEO) incentives and firm value. The CEO engages in a sequence of tasks: first acquiring information to evaluate a potential project, then reporting his or her assessment of the project to the board, and finally implementing the project if it is adopted. We demonstrate that the CEO receives higher compensation when the board agrees with the CEO on the assessment of the project. Board expertise leads to (weakly) better investment decisions and helps motivate the CEO's evaluation effort; however, it may induce underreporting and reduce the CEO's incentives to properly implement the project. Consequently, if motivating the CEO to evaluate projects is the major concern (e.g., innovative industries), board expertise exhibits an overall positive effect on firm value; however, if motivating the CEO to implement projects is the major concern (e.g., mature industries), board expertise can harm firm value. This paper was accepted by Shiva Rajgopal, accounting.
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Elawi, Ghazi Saad A., Mohammed Algahtany, Dean Kashiwagi, and Kenneth Sullivan. "Major Factors Causing Construction Delays in Mecca." Journal for the Advancement of Performance Information and Value 7, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37265/japiv.v7i1.55.
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Delays are a major cause for concern in the construction industry in Saudi Arabia. This paper identifies the main causes of delay in infrastructure projects in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, and compares these with projects around the country and other Gulf countries. Data was obtained from 49 infrastructure projects undertaken by the owner and were analyzed quantitatively to understand the causes and severity of delay. 10 risk factors were identified and were grouped into four categories. Average delay in infrastructure projects in Mecca was found to be 39% of the estimated projects schedules. The most severe cause of delay was found to be the land acquisition factor. This highlights the critical land ownership and acquisition issues that are prevailing in the city. Additionally, other factors that contribute to delay include contractors’ lack of expertise, haphazard underground utilities (line services), and re-designing. It is concluded that the majority of project delays were caused from the owner’s side as compared to contractors, consultants, and other project’s stakeholders. This finding matched with the research findings of the Gulf Countries Construction (GCC) industry’s literature. This study fills an important practice and research gap for improving the efficiency in delivering infrastructure projects in the holy city of Mecca and Gulf countries at large.
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Whelan, Jamie, Joseph Koussa, Ibrahim Chehade, Merima Sabanovic, Adrienne Chang, Daniel Carelli, Zhihua An, Lu Zhang, Joel Bernstein, and Wael M. Rabeh. "Crystal growth, a research-driven laboratory course." Journal of Applied Crystallography 51, no. 5 (August 9, 2018): 1474–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576718009573.
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The research-driven laboratory experiment described herein has at its core the individual development of students, combining core subject matter with the opportunity to explore, in a research environment, areas outside of traditional curricula; however, it maintains the pedagogical training for an undergraduate major degree in chemistry and sciences in general. The laboratory can feasibly be implemented in high schools to expose students to an engaging and intellectually fulfilling aspect of chemistry early in their career. This seven-week project is based on the growth and study of crystals and encourages students, from the outset, to conceive, propose, design, plan and carry out their own research on chemicals and conditions of their own choosing. The wide array of laboratory equipment, analytical instrumentation and techniques that the students are potentially exposed to, from micropipettes and optical microscopes to scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction, puts these projects on a par with senior capstone research projects. The feedback from the students for the seven years this project has been in operation is almost unanimous in enthusiasm and praise.
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Ajmal, Mian, Mehmood Khan, and Hanan Al-Yafei. "Exploring factors behind project scope creep – stakeholders’ perspective." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 13, no. 3 (November 22, 2019): 483–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-10-2018-0228.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the different views of major project stakeholders about the factors that contribute to poor project scope leading to project scope creep. Design/methodology/approach Major factors of project scope creep are identified using commonality analysis of stakeholders’ views. An interview-based industry research method is applied to collect data from different projects in the United Arab Emirates. Findings Relying on stakeholders’ theory, the study proposes a framework for managing project scope creep. Results indicate that communication is among the major causes of project scope creep, as reported by all project stakeholder groups in this study. Practical implications The study is expected to support the assessment of the causes of project scope creep, simultaneously expanding knowledge on the topic for both researchers and practitioners. Originality/value This study is among the first few to explore the commonality of various stakeholder views in the factors that hinder project success.
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Liang, Wei, Xin Yi Song, and Shou Qing Wang. "Case Study of the Bird's Nest: Risks and Opportunities in China's PPP Implementations in Major Sports Facilities." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 6332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.6332.
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Although the infrastructure development projects under PPP operation which can fill the funding gap as a result of increasing demand for infrastructure development and reduced public sector funding capacity have been practiced since the late 80s, the $560 million Bird’s Nest (National Stadium) is the first stadium project in China using this procurement method. This project is generally considered as a successful case by most of the practioners and experts despite the operation right transfer occurred in 2009. Compared to the use of PPP in other field such as transportation, power generation and waste management, development of sports facilities for mega sport event with this model has its own unique features, risks and opportunities. This research identifies and analyzes the risks and opportunities through case study of the Bird’s Nest project. A survey and several interviews are conducted to solicit expert opinions from experienced practitioners and experts. According to the analysis, government behavior related risks and project level risks are found to be two groups of risks which are quite different for major sports facilities projects and general PPP projects.
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MAYR, MELANIE, RENE ECKHART, IVAN SUMERSKIY, ANTJE POTTHAST, THOMAS ROSENAU, JOSEF-PETER SCHÖGGL, ALFRED POSCH, and THOMAS TIMMEL. "Flippr° — an industrial research project in Austria." March 2015 14, no. 3 (April 1, 2015): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj14.3.209.
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Flippr° (Future Lignin and Pulp Processing Research) is a cooperative research project on biorefinery issues, funded by three universities and four pulp and paper mills in Austria. Efforts focus on establishing know-how about structural chemistry of cellulose fibers and lignin for more efficient use of these two major raw materials streams. Several subprojects are related to product innovations for use of lignin, fibers, and fines inside and outside the pulp and paper sector. Research toward added-value use is based on existing industrial production processes to achieve rapid realization. In addition to technical developments, ecological and economical perspectives are addressed by respective subprojects. Preliminary results, such as the establishment of quicker fundamental lignin analysis, are the basis for further investigation on lignin use by the industry partners. The method for high throughput analysis is nearly finalized; it will allow screening of industrial lignin sources in a reasonable time. Research on fibers and fines shows that a differentiated view on technological properties opens up a wide variety of process improvements for papermaking.
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Vinayagam, Sivasundara, Hemprashant R V, Sruthy S, Vidya Sanjeev, and P. Muralidhar. "ANALYSIS ON PROJECT PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN INDIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 12, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.3982.2021.
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Project Portfolio management (PPM) is a combination of projects under the sponsorship of a particular construction organization sharing the scarce resources, managing projects and programs within the portfolio. It requires different strategies, models and practices. Many organizations across the country have projects in their sector in different places. However they abandoned temporarily suspended or closed within a decade which is troublesome. Proper PPM helps to execute the construction project effectively. As such, the aim of this research paper is to identify PPM practices in different construction organizations with a view to examine the effects of such practices on the project portfolio. The current research topic focuses on analysing the project performance of different construction projects using Project Portfolio Management practices. In this research a questionnaire survey related to the Project Portfolio Management on four major practices is carried out among the various professionals in Indian Construction Industry with help of Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques such as Entropy Method, SAW, CODAS methods and ranking the various project portfolio.
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Ding, Xiaohong. "Research on the Topic Selection of the Graduation Project for the Architecture Major." Open Journal of Social Sciences 08, no. 12 (2020): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jss.2020.812022.
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Smith, C., A. Blake, K. Curwen, D. Dodds, L. Easton, J. McNally, P. Swierczek, and L. Walker. "Teachers as researchers in a major research project: Experience of input and output." Teaching and Teacher Education 25, no. 7 (October 2009): 959–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2009.06.004.
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Faraji, Amir, Maria Rashidi, and Ehsan Sorooshnia. "An Integrated Organizational System for Project Source Selection in the Major Iranian Construction Companies." Buildings 10, no. 12 (December 21, 2020): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10120251.
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Studies show that procurement management and its processes strongly affect project success in the construction industry, because the project-oriented organizations in the construction industry prefer to buy goods and services from outside the project team and benefit from outsourcing. Hence, these organizations are continually facing different levels of procurement processes, and the establishment of a robust outsourcing system is crucial for success of their projects and development of their businesses. On the other hand, the housing projects are considered a significant sector of the construction industry in terms of the number of projects and the impact on the national economy. Traditionally, the key sources in conventional housing projects are the general contractors, the consultants and the suppliers. In this study, essential elements of an organizational system have been investigated by expert opinions and through the Delphi method, and all effective aspects of the source selection problem have been identified and integrated. Based on the research findings, procurement of housing construction projects should be organized in three organizational levels: development of the long list, preparation of the short list and selection of the most appropriate source by focusing on four main elements of the source identification method, criteria definition, evaluation arrangement and assessment model.
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Lorents, Angeliki, Marie-Elisabeth Colin, Ingvild Elise Bjerke, Simon Nougaret, Luca Montelisciani, Marissa Diaz, Paul Verschure, and Julien Vezoli. "Human Brain Project Partnering Projects Meeting: Status Quo and Outlook." eneuro 10, no. 9 (September 2023): ENEURO.0091–23.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/eneuro.0091-23.2023.
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As the European Flagship Human Brain Project (HBP) ends in September 2023, a meeting dedicated to the Partnering Projects (PPs), a collective of independent research groups that partnered with the HBP, was held on September 4–7, 2022. The purpose of this meeting was to allow these groups to present their results, reflect on their collaboration with the HBP and discuss future interactions with the European Research Infrastructure (RI) EBRAINS that has emerged from the HBP. In this report, we share the tour-de-force that the Partnering Projects that were present in the meeting have made in furthering knowledge concerning various aspects of Brain Research with the HBP. We describe briefly major achievements of the HBP Partnering Projects in terms of a systems-level understanding of the functional architecture of the brain and its possible emulation in artificial systems. We then recapitulate open discussions with EBRAINS representatives about the evolution of EBRAINS as a sustainable Research Infrastructure for the Partnering Projects after the HBP, and also for the wider scientific community.
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Karimi, Hamid, Tyler Derr, Kaitlin T. Torphy, Kenneth A. Frank, and Jiliang Tang. "A Roadmap for Incorporating Online Social Media in Educational Research." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 121, no. 14 (November 2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811912101412.
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Thanks to advancements in communication and online social media, there has been a surge of useful online educational resources across the Internet. In addition to supplementing educational materials, these resources could be used in varying education research and potentially advance the quality of education. Nevertheless, conducting such research projects requires using big data techniques and approaches to find meaningful resources and harnessing them in an effective way. In this chapter, we present a roadmap for how to incorporate online social media in education research projects. The roadmap consists of three major components: project initialization, data collection, and data utilization. Furthermore, we present some learned lessons, tips, and tricks, as well as case studies from the Teachers in Social Media project ( www.teachersinsocialmedia.com /). We believe this chapter can be used as a practical reference point for many researchers whose concern is connecting data to their education research endeavors.
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Zhou, Zaohong, and Yongwen Zou. "Research on grey situation decision in the context of system analysis of village planning projects using fuzzy TOPSIS." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 4 (April 12, 2021): 8185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189641.
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Problems involving decision-making and management of engineering projects call for attention from different quarters and the issue of decision-making for projects under the state planning in particular should be the major concern of project management. This study takes a traditional village protection project —- the preservation of Zaoshi Village, Xingan County, Jiangxi Province, China—- as a case in point. Treating the decision-making process as a system, the study employs ISM model to examine the system-level relationship between engineering projects. Artificial Intelligence is utilized for analyzing the planning of project structure and Fuzzy TOPSIS model is useful in estimating the weights of the scenario and find the ranking of structure finally. Then, using the analytical data thus derived, the research focuses on identifying the optimum option for decision-making. By this process, the study intends to gain and share some insight into the issue and establish precedents for similar engineering projects.
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Kashiwagi, Isaac. "The Effect of Expertise on Project Complexity." Journal for the Advancement of Performance Information and Value 12, no. 2 (November 13, 2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37265/japiv.v12i2.128.
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Project complexity has commonly been cited as a major cause of poor project performance (Al-ahmad et al, 2019). Although literature has identified various methods to measure and define project complexity, research insights did not find an explanation of how to reduce project complexity or its effect on project performance. Expertise has been identified as a potential solution; however, little is known about the extent of impact that expertise may have on project complexity. Using a multimethod approach inclusive of literature, survey and interview research we investigate the “effect’ of expertise on project complexity. We analyzed the effect of expertise on 22 unique project complexity factors. Data consists of 97 survey respondents and 15 interview participants. The research led to the following results which should be incorporated into future models: (1) expertise reduces project complexity, (2) experts do not perceive ICT projects as complex while nonexperts perceive ICT projects as complex, and (3) experts’ challenges that relate to project complexity factors correspond to project stakeholders as they ultimately fall outside the control of the expert.
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Khaldi, Kamel. "Quantitative, Qualitative or Mixed Research: Which Research Paradigm to Use?" Journal of Educational and Social Research 7, no. 2 (May 24, 2017): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2017.v7n2p15.
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Abstract Research students usually encounter great difficulties in setting up a viable research project mainly because, on the one hand they lack familiarity with the philosophical underpinnings of major paradigms used in educational research: quantitative, qualitative or mixed, and on the other hand , they do not associate the corresponding research types with these paradigms : experimental, non experimental for the former, and interactive or non interactive for the second and the for the latter whether it is explanatory or exploratory, in addition to the importance of triangulation in any research study . These paradigms determine not only the formulation of the problem chosen for research and the associated research questions or hypothesis but also and more importantly, the sampling procedure as well as the selection of the appropriate research tools and the way the collected data is analysed and discussed. This survey of the major paradigms in educational research and their implications for the design of any research study will hopefully provide them with the necessary guidance to approach their research project with more confidence et more efficiency.
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Mousakhani, Ehsan, Mohammadreza Yavarkhani, and Soheyla Sohrabi. "Selecting an appropriate alternative for a major infrastructure project with regard to value engineering approach." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 15, no. 03 (June 5, 2017): 395–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-12-2015-0083.
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Purpose Road construction projects are one of the strategic industries in each country and their construction and development requires spending huge funds. Regarding the increased demand and resource constraints; a technique which reduces costs by maintaining and improving the functioning is of great importance for the authorities of each country. Value engineering is a comprehensive and coherent means based on innovation and team work which, in addition to maintaining the quality and improving the project function, reduces its cost and is not limited to the design and construction phase; however, it includes exploitation and maintenance as well. This study aims to present a practical model for the implementation and application of value engineering process in a construction project located in a special region (in terms of tourism, positioning in an economic growth path, and the East-West strategic axis of the region). In this regard, after reviewing the advisor's design, considering the interests of the project stakeholders, reviewing design criteria and assessment methods and with the use of value engineering techniques, a new option was presented which led to a significant reduction in costs and time and an increase of quality, safety, and environmental factors. Finally, including initial costs, repair, maintenance, income and expenses, the relative value index of this option, compared to the advisor's option, increased from 0.9 to 3.5. Based on the increased need for development of roads in the country, exploiting this model in similar projects can significantly improve the project value and the effectiveness of investments. Design/methodology/approach This research project was selected with regard to the extremely high credit of the project and its potential in terms of Value Engineering implementation. In this study, technical and financial information were first collected after forming a value engineering team including a value engineering expert who was responsible for coordinating the work, some representatives of the employer, designer, executor, and budget estimator. In functional analysis phase with the use of FAST graph, advantageous, costly, and risky functions were identified. In the creativity phase, ideas related to selected functions were created and investigated and developed in the evaluation phase. Finally, calculating the value index, two variants with higher value index than the baseline plan, were proposed and implemented. Findings Since the determining criteria of designing and implementation of road construction projects including increased safety, reduced travel time, user satisfaction, ease of implementation, cost of construction and maintenance and so on are almost similar in most projects, using this study results and implementing its practical framework in other construction projects can be beneficial. These parameters lead to an increase in quality, value, and safety of the project. With regard to done steps and resulted incomes, this essay can be known as a practical and theoretical model to promote the value of crucial projects especially in developing countries. Research limitations/implications Sanandaj-Hamedan road with the length 176km connects central provinces of Iran. This study is regarding the first part of this route. Based on the specific topography of the region and the existing road limitations, selecting a good variance with all the features of an ideal road from geometric, economic, and safety aspects is a difficult task. Originality/value Employers and project sponsors are always looking for products with greater value and lower cost; therefore, present a practical model for the implementation and application of value engineering process in a construction project and providing a similar work experience can encourage the use of value engineering techniques and significantly improve the project value and the effectiveness of investments.
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José Sousa, Maria, Ivo Dias, Isabel Moço, Ana Saldanha, and Carla Caracol. "Project Managers Perceptions about more Effective Leadership Styles." JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS RESEARCH AND MARKETING 2, no. 3 (2017): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/jibrm.1849-8558.2015.23.3001.
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The main purpose of this study is to analyze the type of leadership that can be more effective in the perceptions of project managers. In this case, the research question answer could have a major meaning due to the fact that projects rarely fail due to the lack of professional skills and knowledge; they most often fail because of the type of leadership. The research question is “Which are the most effective leadership style for project managers?” The methodology used was quantitative through the application of a questionnaire to 78 project managers and the results shows that Transformational Leaders are the most effective according the specificities of the projects.
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Jiang, Shengyue, and Yanmei wang. "Research on Risk Assessment of Expressway Project under PPP Mode." E3S Web of Conferences 198 (2020): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019803009.
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On the basis of literature survey, this paper combines qualitative research with quantitative research to evaluate the influencing factors of expressway project risk under PPP mode. This paper starts from three parts:Firstly, starting from the current situation of expressway construction projects at home and abroad through the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of PPP mode and three characteristics, the necessity and importance of project risk management under PPP mode are obtained. Secondly, the paper elaborates the risk of PPP project of expressway identifies the corresponding risk, and initially determines the three major factors affecting the risk of expressway project under PPP mode. Finally, according to expert judgment, the most critical factor is determined and a scientific, reasonable and effective risk factor evaluation index system is established. The index system includes three first-level indicators and six second-level indicators. On this basis, the judgment matrix is constructed by using the analytic hierarchy process, so as to form the influencing factor model. Finally, taking Fuling-Fengdu Expressway in Chongqing as an example, this paper uses the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to carry out an empirical study on the model, in order to determine the importance of different risk factors.
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Meng, Xiu Li. "The Communication Management Research in the Process of ERP Implementation." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 1803–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.1803.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Communication is a major content of human social life and basic way of communication is the key factor in successful project management. In this paper, combined with the feature of ERP project implementation to study how to interact with customers. Articles about the basic concept of communication first, then further explains the implementation of ERP in the process of how to interact with the customer. Through the understanding of the definition of project communication management, project communication management techniques and methods are analyzed in detail, expounds the importance of project communication. Hope can increase awareness of the project communication.
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Giæver, Øyvind. "The Psychiatry of Quislingism: Norwegian Psychiatric Research on the Collaborators of World War II." Science in Context 17, no. 3 (September 2004): 267–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889704000134.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ArgumentThe paper focuses on a research project launched by Norwegian psychiatrists immediately following World War II. The project sought to investigate the roots of quislingism (collaboration with the Nazis) through psychiatric research on the collaborators. Considered with hindsight, however, the methodology of the project seems puzzlingly shallow. The paper discusses whether this was due to a general lack of adequate methodology in the contemporaneous sciences, or whether the explanation must be sought in the project's social and historical context. Ultimately, I conclude that considerable weight must be placed on the latter explanation, and that the general political ostracism of the collaborators in the postwar years played a major role in the psychiatrists' attitude.
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Katunský, Dušan, Lenka Kabošová, Erika Dolníková, and Marek Zozulák. "Research of building structures in extreme climate conditions." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2019-0024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe paper provides information on the solution of project supported by the Scientific Grant Agency of VEGA of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sports of Slovak Republic and of the Slovak Academy of Sciences of Slovak Republic. There is project: VEGA 1/0674/18. This research project is programmed for the years 2018 to 2021. In this paper are presented information on the results obtained in 2019, solution of this project objectives and project solution. The results are presented in realized publications. We focused mainly on the presentation of major publications, articles in domestic and foreign journals, articles in conference proceedings with an emphasis on publications that are indexed in the WOS and SCOPUS databases.