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1
Beckmann, Helmut, and Peter Riederer, eds. Pathochemical Markers in Major Psychoses. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69743-2.
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2
Dr, Beckmann H., Riederer P, and Ackenheil M, eds. Pathochemical markers in major psychoses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985.
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3
Lectures in psychiatry: The functional psychoses : the schizophrenias and major affective disorders. St. Louis, Mo., U.S.A: W.H. Green, 1985.
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4
1945-, Kane John M., and Collegium Internationale Neuro-psychopharmacologicum Congress, eds. Risperidone: Major progress in antipsychotic treatment : satellite symposium at the 17th Congress of Collegium Internationale Neuro-Psychopharmacologicum. Oxford: Oxford Clinical Communications, 1991.
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5
Freud, Sigmund. The major works of Sigmund Freud. 2nd ed. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 1990.
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6
D, Burrows Graham, Norman Trevor R. 1946-, and Davies Brian 1928-, eds. Antipsychotics. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.
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7
Pathochemical Markers in Major Psychoses. Springer, 2011.
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8
Riederer, P., H. Beckmann, and M. Ackenheil. Pathochemical Markers in Major Psychoses. Springer London, Limited, 2012.
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9
Pathochemical Markers in Major Psychoses. Springer, 2011.
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10
Priest, Robert G., and J. Steinert. Insanity: A Study of Major Psychiatric Disorders. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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11
Priest, Robert G., and J. Steinert. Insanity: A Study of Major Psychiatric Disorders. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.
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12
Priest, Robert G., and J. Steinert. Insanity: A Study of Major Psychiatric Disorders. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.
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13
Fuchs, Thomas. The self in schizophrenia: Jaspers, Schneider, and beyond. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199609253.003.0016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The concept of self-disorders has always played a major role for the psychopathology of the psychoses. In his General Psychopathology, Jaspers distinguished what he called ego-consciousness from object-consciousness and characterized it by the sense of activity, unity, identity and ego-demarcation. On this basis, Kurt Schneider later coined the term “Ich-Störungen” (ego-disorders) for the schizophrenic experience of alien control. In contrast, ICD 10 and DSM IV regard these experiences as bizarre delusions. The chapter analyses the possible connection of ego-disorders with more basic disorders of self-awareness. It argues that delusions of alien control are based on a more fundamental disturbance of the intentionality of thinking, feeling and acting. These disturbances may be traced back to a lack of pre-reflexive self-awareness which has been emphasized by recent phenomenological approaches to schizophrenia.
14
Charney, Dennis S., Eric J. Nestler, Pamela Sklar, and Joseph D. Buxbaum, eds. Charney & Nestler's Neurobiology of Mental Illness. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190681425.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the years following publication of the DSM-5, the field of psychiatry has seen vigorous debate between the DSM’s more traditional, diagnosis-oriented approach and the NIMH’s more biological, dimension-based RDoC approach. Charney & Nestler’s Neurobiology of Mental Illness is an authoritative foundation for translating information from the laboratory to clinical treatment, and this edition extends beyond its reference function to acknowledge and examine the controversies and thoughts on the future of psychiatric diagnosis. In this wider context, this book provides information from numerous levels of analysis including molecular biology and genetics, cellular physiology, neuroanatomy, neuropharmacology, epidemiology, and behavior. Section I, which reviews the methods used to examine the biological basis of mental illness in animal and cell models and in humans, has been expanded to reflect important technical advances in complex genetics, epigenetics, stem cell biology, optogenetics, neural circuit functioning, cognitive neuroscience, and brain imaging. These established and emerging methodologies offer groundbreaking advances in our ability to study the brain and breakthroughs in our therapeutic toolkit. Sections II through VII cover the neurobiology and genetics of major psychiatric disorders: psychoses, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, dementias, and disorders of childhood onset. Also covered within these sections is a summary of current therapeutic approaches for these illnesses as well as the ways in which research advances are now guiding the search for new treatments. The last section, Section VIII, focuses on diagnostic schemes for mental illness. This includes an overview of the unique challenges that remain in diagnosing these disorders given our still limited knowledge of disease etiology and pathophysiology. The section then provides reviews of DSM-5 and RDoC. Also included are chapters on future efforts toward precision and computational psychiatry, which promise to someday align diagnosis with underlying biological abnormalities.
15
Pariante, Carmine, Sue Conroy, Paola Dazzan, Louise Howard, Susan Pawlby, and Trudi Seneviratne, eds. Perinatal Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199676859.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mental health problems during and immediately after pregnancy are a major concern across the world. As well as affecting the health of the mother, they can have significant, harmful, and long term effects on the infant if not dealt with effectively. Perinatal Psychiatry honors the work of Channi Kumar, one of the seminal figures in the history of perinatal psychiatry, and presents a comprehensive multidisciplinary review of the field. Bringing together the leading researchers in the area, it covers the causes of perinatal mental health problems, the biology of perinatal depression and its more extreme form, puerperal psychosis, as well as psychosocial and psychological interventions, hormonal and neural substrates of perinatal depression, and risk factors and epidemiology.
16
Stewart, Jessica Ann, L. Mark Russakoff, and Jonathan W. Stewart. Pharmacotherapy, ECT, and TMS. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199326075.003.0016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Physicians’ attention to patients’ concerns and attitudes about taking medication will engender adherence, as will close monitoring of potentially disconcerting side effects. The primary indication for antipsychotic medications is the treatment of psychotic disorders and mania, even in the absence of psychosis. The more troublesome side effects of antipsychotic medications include increased appetite and weight gain; extrapyramidal side effects, tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Antidepressants are effective for treating depressive illness, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. They are also often used effectively in the treatment of anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bulimia nervosa, and somatic symptom disorders. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are generally well tolerated. Other important categories of medications include mood stabilizers and anxiolytics.
17
Wasserman, Danuta, ed. Oxford Textbook of Suicidology and Suicide Prevention. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834441.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Oxford Textbook of Suicidology and Suicide Prevention is a comprehensive resource covering all aspects of suicidal behaviour and suicide prevention from a number of different perspectives, including its underlying religious and cultural factors; its political, social and economic causes; its psychiatric and somatic determinants; and its public health impacts. The new edition includes several new clinically focussed chapters devoted to major psychiatric disorders and their relation to suicide, including mood and anxiety disorders, substance abuse, psychosis/schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, and personality disorders. It also includes a fully updated section on psychometric scales used for measuring suicidal behaviour and instruments used in suicide preventative interventions as well as descriptions of suicide preventive methods in schools as suicide is the second leading, and in some countries first, cause of death for young people.
18
Care for Mental Health Conditions in Jamaica: The Case for Investment. Evaluating the Return on Investment of Scaling Up Treatment for Depression, Anxiety, and Psychosis. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275121184.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mental health is critical to personal well-being, interpersonal relationships, and successful contributions to society. Mental health conditions consequently impose a high burden not only on individuals, families and society, but also on economies. In Jamaica, mental health conditions are highly prevalent and major contributors to morbidity, disability, and premature mortality. Encouragingly, with timely and effective treatment, individuals suffering from mental health conditions can lead productive and satisfying lives. This publication, the first of its kind, provides evidence and guidance to support the development, financing, and implementation of mental health interventions in Jamaica. Specifically, it estimates the return on investment (ROI) from scaling up treatment for anxiety, depression, and psychosis. The results from this analysis show that Jamaica can significantly reduce the health and economic burden of mental health conditions by investing in cost-effective recommended interventions designed to improve mental health.
19
Watson, David, and Michael W. O'Hara. Understanding the Emotional Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780199301096.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Understanding the Emotional Disorders: A Symptom-Based Approach examines replicable symptom dimensions contained within five adjacent diagnostic classes in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: depressive disorders, bipolar and related disorders, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, and trauma- and stressor-related disorders. It reviews several problems and limitations associated with traditional, diagnosis-based approaches to studying psychopathology, and it establishes the theoretical and clinical value of analyzing specific types of symptoms within the emotional disorders. It demonstrates that several of these disorders—most notably, major depression, bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder—contain multiple symptom dimensions that clearly can be differentiated from one another. Moreover, these symptom dimensions are highly robust and generalizable and can be identified in multiple types of data, including self-ratings, semistructured interviews, and clinicians’ ratings. Furthermore, individual symptom dimensions often have strikingly different correlates, such as varying levels of criterion validity and diagnostic specificity. It concludes with the development of a more comprehensive, symptom-based model that subsumes various forms of psychopathology—including sleep disturbances, eating- and weight-related problems, personality pathology, psychosis/thought disorder, and hypochondriasis—beyond the emotional disorders.
20
Thomas, Stuart D. M. Diagnostic prevalence and comorbidity. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0032.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Prisons and jails remain a growth industry, with many countries increasing correctional services to cope with the ever-burgeoning inmate population. One longstanding issue is the perceived increase in prevalence of mental disorders that are found in correctional settings compared to the community. Definitions of mental illness and methods of assessment vary substantially. That said, emerging data reflect some consistency in the range of estimated prevalence. Personality disorder (predominantly antisocial personality disorder) is the most common mental disorder among prisoners, accounting for 65% of male and 42% of female prisoners. Estimated rates of psychosis in some settings are as high as 3.7% for males and 4.0% for females, while major depressive disorders are found in up to 10% of male and 12% of female prisoners. Estimated point prevalence rates for alcohol abuse and dependence varied between 18 and 30% for male prisoners and between 10 and 24% for female prisoners; these estimates were between 10 and 48% for males and 30 to 60% for female prisoners with respect to drug dependence and abuse. The rates of almost all disorders are several times higher than those found in the general community, and the rates of comorbidity are exceptionally high. This chapter outlines the best available correctional prevalence of common mental disorders and considers the key assumptions and methodological challenges around ascertaining rates of these different diagnoses.
21
Garcia, Erik J., and Warren J. Ferguson. General medical disorders with psychiatric implications. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0038.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Traditionally the domain of consultation/ liaison psychiatry, the challenge of recognizing and then appropriately treating the psychiatric complications of general medical disorders requires thoughtful planning and attention in corrections. Medical conditions that have psychiatric symptoms represent a significant diagnostic dilemma, particularly in the correctional health setting. Over half of the inmates in the United States have symptoms of a major mental illness, but the pervasiveness of substance use disorders, the increasing prevalence of elderly inmates, and limited access to a patient’s past medical and psychiatric records all contribute to the challenge of discerning when a psychiatric presentation results from an underlying medical condition. One early study underscored this challenge, noting that 46% of the patients admitted to community psychiatric wards had an unrecognized medical illness that either caused or exacerbated their psychiatric illness. A more recent study observed that 2.8% of admissions to inpatient psychiatry were due to unrecognized medical conditions. Emergency room medical clearance of patients presenting for psychiatric admission has revealed an increased risk for such underlying medical conditions among patients with any of five characteristics: elderly, a history of substance abuse, no prior history of mental illness, lower socioeconomic status, or significant preexisting medical illnesses. This chapter examines several of these risk groups and focuses on the presenting symptoms of delirium, mood disorders, and psychosis and the underlying medical conditions that can mimic or exacerbate them.
22
Garcia, Erik J., and Warren J. Ferguson. General medical disorders with psychiatric implications. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0038_update_001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Traditionally the domain of consultation/ liaison psychiatry, the challenge of recognizing and then appropriately treating the psychiatric complications of general medical disorders requires thoughtful planning and attention in corrections. Medical conditions that have psychiatric symptoms represent a significant diagnostic dilemma, particularly in the correctional health setting. Over half of the inmates in the United States have symptoms of a major mental illness, but the pervasiveness of substance use disorders, the increasing prevalence of elderly inmates, and limited access to a patient’s past medical and psychiatric records all contribute to the challenge of discerning when a psychiatric presentation results from an underlying medical condition. One early study underscored this challenge, noting that 46% of the patients admitted to community psychiatric wards had an unrecognized medical illness that either caused or exacerbated their psychiatric illness. A more recent study observed that 2.8% of admissions to inpatient psychiatry were due to unrecognized medical conditions. Emergency room medical clearance of patients presenting for psychiatric admission has revealed an increased risk for such underlying medical conditions among patients with any of five characteristics: elderly, a history of substance abuse, no prior history of mental illness, lower socioeconomic status, or significant preexisting medical illnesses. This chapter examines several of these risk groups and focuses on the presenting symptoms of delirium, mood disorders, and psychosis and the underlying medical conditions that can mimic or exacerbate them.
23
Chen, Eric Y. H., Antonio Ventriglio, and Dinesh Bhugra, eds. Early Intervention in Psychiatric Disorders Across Cultures. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198820833.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This volume emerges as a result of a dialogue that involves leading proponents of early intervention and global mental health in a variety of contexts. Since the revival of early intervention for psychotic disorders two decades ago, the early intervention paradigm has been elaborated and consolidated in a number of different cultural and clinical settings, and has also been developed to address other mental health conditions. The paradigm for early intervention involves addressing barriers to early detection of illness, the identification of early risk states, as well as the provision of specialized intervention to steer the psychopathology trajectory away from an adverse outcome in a timely fashion. This volume starts with a discussion of relevant cultural factors involved in these endeavours. Current ideas about brain changes in the different stages of the illness trajectory are then reviewed. This is followed by a discussion of real-life implementations of early intervention for psychosis in a number of different cultural settings, highlighting how the basic paradigm for early intervention has been adapted to different populations in diverse service settings to improve outcome. The second major theme of this book is about the application of this paradigm to other mental health conditions that share an onset around the youth developmental period. These disorders include personality disorders, substance use disorders, and bipolar disorder. Each of these disorders has a different early presentation trajectory, which brings specific challenges. Current approaches and future prospects in addressing these challenges are discussed.
24
Timmins, Bryan. Non-prescription drugs. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0342.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The use of non-prescription drugs is widespread and has a major impact on the health of the individual user and society. In 2006, the British Crime Survey reported that 10% of adults had used one or more illicit drugs in the preceding year, with 3% reporting using a Class A drug. Over 11 million people in the UK are estimated to have used an illicit drug at least once in their lifetime (35%). Drugs abused vary in their intrinsic potential to cause addiction and, with it, more regular and harmful use. Drug users are influenced by trends and fashions, adopting new compounds such as crack cocaine and experimenting with routes of ingestion. Some drugs may become less popular over time, such as LSD, while others, such as cannabis, experience a revival as more potent strains (e.g. Skunk) are developed. A problem drug user is best defined as a person whose drug taking is no longer controlled or undertaken for recreational purposes and where drugs have become a more essential element of the individual’s life. The true economic and social cost of drug use is likely to be substantially greater than the published figures, which are derived from a variety of health and crime surveys which may overlook vulnerable groups such as the homeless. The majority of non-prescription drugs used in the UK are illegal and covered by the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. The drugs most commonly abused gave rise in 2003–4 to an estimated financial cost in England and Wales of 15.4 billion pounds to the economy, with Class A drugs such as heroin and cocaine accounting for the majority of this. Some 90% of the cost is due to drug-related crime, with only 3% (£488 million) due to health service expenditure, which is mainly spent on inpatient care episodes. This still represents a major health pressure, which in 2006–7 amounted to 38 000 admissions, in England, for primary and secondary drug-related mental or behavioural problems, and over 10 000 admissions recorded for drug poisoning. Clinicians in all specialities can expect to encounter harmful drug use, especially those working in primary care, A & E, and psychiatric services. Presenting problems are protean, ranging from mood disorders, delirium, and psychosis to sepsis, malnutrition, and hepatitis. Blood-borne infections such as hepatitis C and HIV are widespread, as contaminated needles and syringes are shared by up to a quarter of problem drug users. Even smoking drugs such as crack cocaine can lead to increased transmission of hepatitis C through oral ulceration and contact with hot contaminated smoking pipes. Amongst the UK population, over half of IV drug users have hepatitis C, a quarter have antibodies to hepatitis B, and, by 2006, 4662 had been diagnosed with HIV. Non-prescription drug abuse is a leading cause of death and morbidity amongst the young adult population (those aged 16–35). In 2006 there were 1573 deaths where the underlying cause was poisoning, drug abuse, or dependence on substances controlled under the Misuse of Drugs Act. The vast majority (79%) were male. Young men, in particular, are at greater risk of violent death through associated criminal activity such as drug supplying and from deliberate and accidental overdose. The male-to-female ratio for deaths associated with mental and behavioural disorder is 6:1.