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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

Yang, Zijing, Jiheng Li, Zhiguang Zhou, Jiaxin Gong, Xiaoqian Bao, and Xuexu Gao. "Recent Advances in Magnetostrictive Tb-Dy-Fe Alloys." Metals 12, no. 2 (February 15, 2022): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12020341.

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Анотація:

As giant magnetostrictive materials with low magnetocrystalline anisotropy, Tb-Dy-Fe alloys are widely used in transducers, actuators and sensors due to the effective conversion between magnetic energy and mechanical energy (or acoustic energy). However, the intrinsic brittleness of intermetallic compounds leads to their poor machinability and makes them prone to fracture, which limits their practical applications. Recently, the addition of a fourth element to Tb-Dy-Fe alloys, such as Ho, Pr, Co, Nb, Cu and Ti, has been studied to improve their magnetostrictive and mechanical properties. This review starts with a brief introduction to the characteristics of Tb-Dy-Fe alloys and then focuses on the research progress in recent years. First, studies on the crystal growth mechanism in directional solidification, process improvement by introducing a strong magnetic field and the effects of substitute elements are described. Then, meaningful progress in mechanical properties, composite materials, the structural origin of magnetostriction based on ferromagnetic MPB theory and sensor applications are summarized. Furthermore, sintered composite materials based on the reconstruction of the grain boundary phase also provide new ideas for the development of magnetostrictive materials with excellent comprehensive properties, including high magnetostriction, high mechanical properties, high corrosion resistance and high resistivity. Finally, future prospects are presented. This review will be helpful for the design of novel magnetostrictive Tb-Dy-Fe alloys, the improvement of magnetostrictive and mechanical properties and the understanding of magnetostriction mechanisms.

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2

Lee, Heung-Shik. "Effect of Graphene Thin Layer on a Static and Dynamic Magnetostrictive Behavior in TbDyFe Multi-Layered Film for Micro Energy Devices." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 6776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18776.

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Magnetos-mechanical behaviors of TbDyFe/Graphene/TbDyFe film were compared with a tri-layered TbDyFe film to verify the effects of a graphene thin layer on the improvement of magnetic-mechanical performance, as well as decrease of dynamic response time under the low magnetic field. Both of the Heisenberg model and Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation were used to calculate the magnetic domain motion. Time consumptions were simulated to determine a uniformly magnetized state in Graphene and TbDyFe layers. To ensure the magnetostrictive characteristics, the magnetic moment and the magnetostriction were measured using a fabricated magnetostrictive actuator. Compare to the three-layer TbDyFe films, TbDyFe/Graphene/TbDyFe showed a higher magnetostrictive behavior in response to low coercive forces in the range of 0 to 10 kA/m, even with the addition of low magnetic fields. The dynamic magnetostriction response time was faster than the tri-layered TbDyFe film by approximately 24 millisecond.

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3

Kiseleva, Tatiana Yu, Sergey I. Zholudev, Alla A. Novakova, Tatiana S. Gendler, Igor A. Il’inych, A. I. Smarzhevskaya, Yuriy Anufriev, and Tatiana F. Grigorieva. "Magnetodeformational Anisotropy of FeGa/PU Hybrid Nanocomposite via Particle Concentration and Spatial Orientation." Solid State Phenomena 233-234 (July 2015): 607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.233-234.607.

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The present work has been undertaken to research effects of structure, morphology, volume fraction, spatial arrangement of magnetostrictive intermetallic FeGa alloy particles dispersed in modified polyurethane matrix. Correlation of composite magnetic behavior with structure and mechanical properties has been obtained by measurements of magnetostriction, remanent magnetization anisotropy, SEM, and dynamical mechanical analysis. Anisotropic chain structures of magnetic particles within the polymer with different interparticle interactions were observed. The increase of the magnetostrictive response with tailor-made magnetic anisotropy induced by magnetic particles volume fraction has been demonstrated

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4

Apicella, Valerio, Carmine Stefano Clemente, Daniele Davino, Damiano Leone, and Ciro Visone. "Review of Modeling and Control of Magnetostrictive Actuators." Actuators 8, no. 2 (May 29, 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act8020045.

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Анотація:

Magnetostrictive actuators play an important role in the perception of usefulness of smart materials and devices. Their applications are potentially wider than that of piezoelectric actuators because of the higher energy density and intrinsic robustness. However, the non-negligible hysteresis and complexity of their characteristics make the design and control quite difficult and has limited their diffusion in industrial applications. Nevertheless, the scientific literature presents a wide offer of results in design and geometries, modeling and control that may be exploited for applications. This paper gives a reasoned review of the main results achieved in the literature about design, modeling and control of magnetostrictive actuators exploiting the direct effects of magnetostriction (Joule and Wiedemann). Some perspectives and challenges about magnetostrictive actuators development are also gathered.

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5

Shi, Yue Ming. "Microstructural Dependence of Magnetization and Magnetostriction in Fe-20at.%Ga." Key Engineering Materials 703 (August 2016): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.703.100.

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A combination study of magnetic and magnetostrictive properties in directionally cast and differently heat-treated Fe-20Ga(at.%) samples has been carried out at room temperature. Slow cooling leads to an increase in the occupation of [200] easy magnetic axes; however, a structural ordering of Ga atoms into a metastable D03 phase decreasesthe saturation magnetostriction (λs) and the saturation magnetization (Ms), and increases coercivity (Hc).Our results confirm the contribution of D03 ordering to magnetic and magnetostrictive properties due to their pinning effects against magnetic domain wall motions. As compared to slow cooling, water quenching suppresses the formation of metastable (D03) or stable (L12) ordered phases and preserves the A2 single phase structure down to room temperature, leading to enhanced magnetostriction and magnetization.

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6

Ebrahimi, Farzad, and Ali Dabbagh. "Wave propagation analysis of magnetostrictive sandwich composite nanoplates via nonlocal strain gradient theory." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 22 (January 12, 2018): 4180–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217748687.

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In this study, the survey of the wave dispersion behaviors of sandwich composite nanoplates is carried out by considering the magnetostriction phenomenon. The nanoplate is assumed to be made up of a central magnetostrictive core in addition to two composite face sheets. The scale influences are covered based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory. Moreover, the equations of plate motion are derived according to the classical plate theory. Afterward, the magnetization effects are considered by introducing a feedback control system. Then, Hamilton’s principle is introduced to obtain the Euler–Lagrange equations of the magnetostrictive sandwich composite nanoplate. Also, by relating the achieved equations with those of the nonlocal strain gradient theory, the nonlocal governing equations of magnetostrictive sandwich composite nanoplate are developed. The wave frequency and phase velocity values are computed by the application of an analytical solution. Finally, the effects of participant coefficients are illustrated separately through certain figures.

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7

Zhao, Xiaojun, Yutong Du, Yang Liu, Zhenbin Du, Dongwei Yuan, and Lanrong Liu. "Magnetostrictive Properties of the Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel Sheet under DC-Biased and Multisinusoidal Magnetizations." Materials 12, no. 13 (July 4, 2019): 2156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12132156.

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As an intrinsic property, elasticity of soft material is affected significantly by the externally applied alternating magnetic field. Magnetostrictive properties of the grain-oriented (GO) silicon steel under DC-biased and multisinusoidal magnetizations are measured by using a laser-based measuring system. Magnetostriction curves of the GO silicon steel sheet under different magnetizations are obtained and the influence of frequency and DC bias on the magnetostrictive property is observed and analyzed based on the measured data. In addition, the spectrum of magnetostriction under harmonic magnetization is obtained, and the acoustic noise level of the GO silicon steel sheet represented by the A-weighted decibel value caused by magnetostriction is measured under DC-biased and multisinusoidal magnetizations. The measurement results are applied to the simulation of the three-limb laminated core model, and the effects of DC bias and harmonics on magnetic flux density and displacement are analyzed.

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8

Szymczak, Henryk. "From almost zero magnetostriction to giant magnetostrictive effects: recent results." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 200, no. 1-3 (October 1999): 425–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(99)00374-1.

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9

Liu, Hui Fang, Han Yu Wang, and Yu Zhang. "Research on the Application Status of Giant Magnetostrictive Material in Drive Field." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.249.

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Анотація:

The concept of giant magnetostrictive material, characteristics and main effects were introduced briefly. The actuators based on GMM’s magnetostrictive effect, sensors based on inverse-magnetostrictive effect and self-sensing actuators based on the coupled effects were reviewed. It proposed that self-sensing actuators and sensor actuators on the basis of coupling relationship of magnetostrictive effect, inverse-magnetostrictive effect and other effects were GMM’s new research direction.

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10

Sirenko, V. A. "Magnetostrictive effects in superconductors." Superlattices and Microstructures 23, no. 5 (May 1998): 1155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/spmi.1996.0436.

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11

Yang, Hongwei, Meng Zhang, and Lianchun Long. "Effect of Crack Defects on Magnetostriction and Magnetic Moment Evolution of Iron Thin Films." Nanomaterials 12, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12071236.

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Molecular dynamics simulations of body-centered cubic (bcc) iron thin films with crack defects were carried out by adopting methods of EAM (Embedded Atom Method) potential, spin/exchange potential and spin/neel potential. In this article, the effects of the variation of distance between two crack defects and their directions on the magnetostrictive properties of the thin films are studied, and the corresponding microscopic mechanism is also analyzed. The results show that the defects affect the atomic magnetic moment nearby, and the magnetostrictive properties of thin iron films vary with the direction and spacing of the crack defects. If the defect spacing is constant, the iron model with crack perpendicular to the magnetization direction has stronger magnetostriction than that of parallel to the magnetization direction. The variation of the defect spacing has a great influence on the magnetostrictive properties of the iron model with crack direction parallel to magnetization direction, but it has a small effect on another perpendicular situation. The atoms between the defects may move, but if the defect spacing increases to a certain value, then none of the atoms will move.

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12

Song, Xiaochun, and Yawu Wang. "Effects of AC Coils Parameters on Transduction Efficiency of EMAT for Steel Plate Inspection." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/712418.

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In order to improve the transduction efficiency of electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) for steel plates inspection, the constitutive equation of magnetostrictive material was theoretically derived and simplified while the magnetostrictive force is parallel to the material surface. Based on the multiphysics field FEM, the effects of such excitation parameters as current, frequency, and pulse number in AC coils on magnetostrictive strain were mainly simulated, and the influence of the coil with different winding shapes on magnetostrictive strain was also analyzed. The simulation and experimental results indicate that magnetostrictive strain increases with a continuously increasing excitation current density, but it decreases with the increase of the frequency and pulse number of AC currents. Moreover, on condition that loop length and AC currents are held constant, spiral type coils have higher transduction efficiency than homocentric squares and figure-of-eight coils.

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13

Amirabadizadeh, A., N. Tajabor, M. R. Alinejad, H. Salamati, and F. Pourarian. "Magnetostrictive strain effects in NdFe11Ti." physica status solidi (a) 201, no. 1 (January 2004): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200306724.

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14

Zhou, Bai Yang, Han Bin Luo, and Si He Chen. "Effects of Vacuum Annealing on Microstructure and Magnetostriction of TbDy-Fe GMFs." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 1305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1305.

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In this study, TbDy-Fe giant magnetostrictive thin films were firstly prepared by ion beam sputtering deposition (IBSD) method on water-cooled substrates, and then the films were annealed at different temperatures under vacuum condition. An Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM), and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) were used to investigate the surface morphology and microstructure for TbDy-Fe GMFs. Besides, DWS type Ultra-precision Displacement Meter was used for measuring magnetostriction coefficient of the films by cantilever method. The results showed that TbDy-Fe GMFs of compact amorphous microstructure, smooth surface morphology, and high interfacial adhesion had been deposited under the fixed fabrication procedure. Moreover, as annealing temperature increased, microstructure of the films had been changed as following order: amorphous → amorphous + microcrystalline → nano-polycrystalline (crystallization temperature was about 400 ). It was noted that magnetostriction of TbDy-Fe GMFs could be drastically improved, particularly for low magnetic field magnetostriction sensitivity when annealed at about 400 (the value of λ was about 500ppm at 200KA•m-1).

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15

이흥식. "Substrate Effects of Magnetostrictive Thin Film on Magnetostriction for Automotive Parts Application." Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology 15, no. 2 (April 2013): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17958/ksmt.15.2.201304.285.

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16

Makita, Koji, Tempei Tanakamaru, Mitsuaki Takeuchi, Hirohisa Uchida, and Yoshihito Matsumura. "Effects of Ion Bombardment on Magnetostrictive Properties of Giant Magnetostrictive Thin Films." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 72, no. 9 (2008): 714–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.72.714.

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17

Prieto, J. L., C. Aroca, P. Sánchez, E. López, and M. C. Sánchez. "Current effects in magnetostrictive piezoelectric sensors." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 174, no. 3 (October 1997): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(97)00212-6.

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18

Graziano, L. "Magnetostrictive effects in ferromagnetic domain structures." ARI - An International Journal for Physical and Engineering Sciences 50, no. 2 (October 27, 1997): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007770050003.

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19

Szymczak, Henryk. "Giant magnetostrictive effects in magnetic oxides." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 211, no. 1-3 (March 2000): 186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(99)00732-5.

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20

Sivachenko, A. P., V. I. Mityuk, V. I. Kamenev, A. V. Golovchan, V. I. Val’kov, and I. F. Gribanov. "Magnetostrictive and magnetocaloric effects in Mn0.89Cr0.11NiGe." Low Temperature Physics 39, no. 12 (December 2013): 1051–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4843196.

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21

HONG, H., Y. G. WANG, K. BI, and F. G. CHEN. "RESONANT MAGNETOELECTRIC EFFECTS IN Ni/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/FeCo TRILAYERED SEMICIRCULAR COMPOSITES." Surface Review and Letters 20, no. 01 (February 2013): 1350004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x13500042.

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Анотація:

Magnetoelectric (ME) effect has been studied in semicircular composites with a negative magnetostrictive/piezoelectric/positive magnetostrictive Ni/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/FeCo trilayered structure. The ME behavior of the Ni/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/FeCo is different from those in previous studies and zero-bias ME effects and four remarkable resonant peaks have been observed in the dependence of the ME voltage coefficient on the magnetic field frequency in the 1–150 kHz range. The effective excitation of the acoustical oscillations provided by the positive and negative magnetostrictive layers is responsible for the multifrequency ME effects. The results open up a suitable way to make multifunctional devices with multi-resonant-frequencies and/or zero-bias operations.

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22

Kwon, Oh Yeoul, Kyung Hoon Kim, Min Kyu Yu, and Soon Hyung Hong. "Fabrication Process and Magnetostriction of Infiltrated Terfenol-D/Epoxy Composite." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 1121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.1121.

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Giant magnetostrictive composites have attracted a great deal of attention by supplementing shortcomings of monolithic Terfenol-D such as brittleness, eddy current loss and formability. Recently, infiltrated Terfenol-D/Epoxy composite has been developed as an alternative composite. This composite was fabricated by an unidirectional solidification of Terfenol-D followed by an infiltration of epoxy. The iron content in composite has been changed in order to control volume fraction of RFe2 phase producing magnetostriction on Terfenol-D/Epoxy composite. The magnetostriction of both as-grown and infiltrated Terfenol-D/Epoxy composite was measured to confirm the effects of eutectic phase and heat treatment on magnetostriction. The enhancement of magnetostriction of Terfenol-D/Epoxy composite was mostly contributed by the eutectic phase through the hindering of movement and rotation of domain walls. The magnetostriction modelling of Terfenol-D/Epoxy composite was suggested, based on the change of texture and elastic modulus. The suggested model was in good agreements with the experimental results on the measurement of magnetostriction of Terfenol-D/Epoxy composite.

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23

Ghorbanpour Arani, A., H. Khani Arani, and Z. Khoddami Maraghi. "Size-dependent in vibration analysis of magnetostrictive sandwich composite micro-plate in magnetic field using modified couple stress theory." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 21, no. 2 (March 14, 2017): 580–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636217697495.

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In the present study, free vibration of magnetostrictive sandwich composite micro plate with magnetostrictive core and composite face sheets are investigated. The modified couple stress theory is taken into account so as to consider the small scale effects. The surrounding elastic medium is simulated as visco-Pasternak foundation to study the effects of both damping and shear effects. Using energy method, Hamilton’s principle and first-order shear deformation theory, the governing equations of motion and related boundary conditions are obtained. Finally, the differential quadrature method is employed to analysis the vibration of magnetostrictive sandwich composite micro plate. In this regard, the dimensionless frequency are plotted to study the effects of small scale parameter, surrounding elastic medium, magnetic field, composite fiber angle, aspect ratio, thickness ratio, and boundary conditions. The results indicate that the magnetic field and composite fiber angle play a key role in the dimensionless frequency of magnetostrictive sandwich composite micro plate. The obtained results in this article can be used to design sensors and actuators, aerospace industry, and control of vibration response of systems.

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24

Sui, Xiao Mei, Zhang Rong Zhao, Wen Zuo Chen, and Xiao Yu Zhang. "Multi-Physics Coupling Field Nonlinear Finite Element Model for Giant Magnetostrictive Smart Component." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 617–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.617.

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This paper presents three dimensional nonlinear finite element modeling of giant magnetostrictive materials. The nonlinear relationship between magnetostrictive strain and magnetic field is described by experimental curve. Model is implemented using finite element software CMOSOL multiphysics 3.2a. A new method for precise machining non-cylinder pin hole of piston by using embedded giant magnetostrictive smart component is presented. The effects on smart component deformation and the system resonance frequencies are studied. This model is verified against experimental results, with a good agreement.

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25

Chen, Lei. "Comparison Resonant Magnetoelectric Effects in Positive Magnetostrictive/Piezoelectric and Negative Magnetostrictive/Piezoelectric Laminate Composites." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 13, no. 9 (September 1, 2016): 5672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2016.5469.

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26

Dai, Bowen, Zhongbo He, Zhaoshu Yang, Jingtao Zhou, Guangming Xue, and Guoping Liu. "Modeling and analysis of the piezomagnetic, electromagnetic, and magnetostrictive effects in a magnetostrictive transducer." AIP Advances 11, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 125213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0057715.

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27

Wun-Fogle, M., H. T. Savage, and M. L. Spano. "Enhancement of magnetostrictive effects for sensor applications." Journal of Materials Engineering 11, no. 1 (March 1989): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02833760.

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28

Chernenko, Volodymyr A., and Victor A. L'vov. "Magnetoelastic Nature of Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Effect." Materials Science Forum 583 (May 2008): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.583.1.

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Анотація:

The giant magnetically-induced deformation of ferromagnetic shape memory alloys results from the magnetic field-induced rearrangement of twinned martensite under the magnetic field. This deformation is conventionally referred to as the magnetic-field-induced-strain (MFIS). The MFIS is comparable in value with the spontaneous deformation of crystal lattice during the martensitic transformation of an alloy. Although the first observations of MFIS were reported more than 30 years ago, it has got a world-wide interest 20 years later after the creation of the Ni–Mn–Ga alloy system with its practically important room-temperature martensitic structure and experimental evidence of the large magnetostriction. The underlying physics as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for the observation of MFIS are the main focus of this chapter. A magnetostrictive mechanism of the unusual magnetic and magnetomechanical effects observed in Ni–Mn–Ga alloys is substantiated and a framework of consistent theory of these effects is outlined starting from the fundamental conception of magnetoelasticity and the commonly known principles of ferromagnetism and linear elasticity theories. A reasonable agreement between the theoretical deductions and available experimental data is demonstrated and, in this way, a key role of magnetoelastic coupling in the magnetomechanical behavior of Ni–Mn–Ga alloys is proved. A correspondence of magnetostrictive mechanism to the crystallographic features of MFIS and the basic relationships of the thermodynamics of solids are discussed.

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29

Mansori, Mohamed El, and Barney E. Klamecki. "Magnetic Field Effects in Machining Processes and on Manufactured Part Mechanical Characteristics." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 128, no. 1 (July 20, 2005): 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2113007.

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A review of research results demonstrating that magnetic fields applied to machining processes and mechanically manufactured parts can have beneficial effects is presented, an explanatory mechanistic model is described, and the model is used to interpret some results. The magnetic field-material interaction model shows an exponential dependence of material behavior and mechanical property changes on applied field strength and material magnetostrictive characteristics. Implications for use of magnetic fields to manipulate tribological processes, control machining processes, and alter material properties are that low field strengths can be useful for treating materials that have large magnetostrictive stain and high magnetic saturation level.

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30

Hong, C. C. "Transient Response of Magnetostrictive Functionally Graded Material Square Plates Under Rapid Heating." Journal of Mechanics 29, no. 1 (October 16, 2012): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2012.123.

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AbstractWe used the generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method to compute the transient responses of thermal stresses and center deflection amplitude in the magnetostrictive functionally graded material (FGM) square plate under rapid heating acting at its lower surface. We obtained the GDQ solutions in the three-layer of magnetostrictive FGM plates subjected to four simply supported edges. We presented the transient responses of thermal stress and center deflection amplitude of magnetostrictive FGM plates with/without velocity feedback control, respectively, under the effects of the ratio of length to thickness, the power law index, the temperature of environment and the applied heat flux.

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31

Feng, Ying, Zhi Li, Subhash Rakheja, and Hui Jiang. "A Modified Prandtl-Ishlinskii Hysteresis Modeling Method with Load-dependent Delay for Characterizing Magnetostrictive Actuated Systems." Mechanical Sciences 9, no. 1 (April 23, 2018): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-9-177-2018.

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Abstract. The actuating precision of a micro-positioning system, driven by a magnetostrictive actuator, is adversely limited by its nonlinearities, particularly the output-input hysteresis, which are further affected by the operating load and input frequency. In this paper, the output-input properties of a magnetostrictive actuated system are experimentally characterized considering a wide range of operating frequencies and loads. The measured data revealed that the hysteresis behaviour is strongly affected with a change of operating load, and a modified Prandtl-Ishlinskii model with load-dependent delay is subsequently formulated to describe the nonlinear characteristics of the magnetostrictive actuated system in terms of major and minor loop hysteresis, and output magnitude and phase responses. The proposed model integrates a load-delay function related to the load mass with the Prandtl-Ishlinskii hysteresis model so as to fully describe the coupled nonlinear delay effects of the system output. The validity of the proposed model is demonstrated through comparisons with the experimental data for a range of operating loads and frequencies. It is shown that the proposed model can accurately describe the load-dependent hysteresis effects of the magnetostrictive actuated system up to certain input frequencies.

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32

Elhajjar, Rani F., and Chiu T. Law. "Magnetomechanical local-global effects in magnetostrictive composite materials." Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering 23, no. 7 (September 15, 2015): 075002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0965-0393/23/7/075002.

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33

Hong, C. C. "Transient responses of magnetostrictive plates without shear effects." International Journal of Engineering Science 47, no. 3 (March 2009): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2008.11.004.

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34

Rhyne, J. J., R. W. Erwin, J. Borchers, M. B. Salamon, R. Du, and C. P. Flynn. "Exchange and magnetostrictive effects in rare earth superlattices." Journal of the Less Common Metals 148, no. 1-2 (April 1989): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(89)90007-6.

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35

Flatau, Alison B., Marcelo J. Dapino, and Frederick T. Calkins. "High Bandwidth Tunability in a Smart Vibration Absorber." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 11, no. 12 (December 2000): 923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1106/3qdu-jfu5-brr7-6c19.

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An electrically tunable vibration absorber based on the strong δ E effect of Terfenol-D has been developed. A general description of tuned vibration absorbers is presented along with a description of the magnetostrictive effects that make an electrically tunable Terfenol-D vibration aborber function. It is emphasized that the large modulus changes achievable with the proposed magnetostrictive vibration absorber arise as a consequence of the stiffening of the crystal lattice as the magnetic field is increased from the demagnetized state to magnetic saturation. This is in contrast to the small modulus changes often reported in the literature which are achieved by operating smart materials between their open- and short-circuit states. Experimental results are presented that show agreement with prior art and demonstrate control of a magnetostrictive actuator resonant frequency between 1375 Hz and 2010 Hz by electrically varying the elastic modulus of a magnetostrictive material. This operating principle is then implemented to obtain high bandwidth tunability in a Terfenol-D vibration absorber.

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36

Chen, Lei, Yao Wang, Tianhong Luo, Yongkang Zou, and Zhongjie Wan. "The Study of Magnetoimpedance Effect for Magnetoelectric Laminate Composites with Different Magnetostrictive Layers." Materials 14, no. 21 (October 25, 2021): 6397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216397.

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The rectangular magnetoelectric (ME) composites of Metglas/PZT and Terfenol-D/PZT are prepared, and the effects of a magnetostrictive layer’s material characteristics on the magnetoimpedance of ME composite are discussed and experimentally investigated. The theoretical analyses show that the impedance is not only dependent on Young’s modulus and the magnetostrictive strain of magnetostrictive material but is also influenced by its relative permeability. Compared with Terfenol-D, Metglas possesses significantly higher magnetic permeability and larger magnetostrictive strain at quite low Hdc due to the small saturation field, resulting in the larger magnetoimpedance ratio. The experimental results demonstrate that the maximum magnetoimpedance ratios (i.e., ΔZ/Z) of Metglas/PZT composite are about 605.24% and 239.98% at the antiresonance and resonance, respectively. Specifically, the maximum ΔZ/Z of Metglas/PZT is 8.6 times as high as that of Terfenol-D/PZT at the antiresonance. Such results provide the fundamental guidance in the design and fabrication of novel multifunction devices based on the magnetoimpedance effect of ME composites.

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37

Bayat, R., A. A. Jafari, and O. Rahmani. "Analytical Solution for Free Vibration of Laminated Curved Beam with Magnetostrictive Layers." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 07, no. 03 (June 2015): 1550050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825115500507.

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An analytical model to study the free vibration suppression of laminated curved beam with embedded actuating layers is presented in this study. The magnetostrictive layers are used to control and enhance the vibration suppression. The governing differential equations of the model are derived using the Hamilton principle. Analytical solution of the equations governing laminated curved beam with embedded magnetostrictive layers are obtained for simply-supported boundary conditions. Velocity feedback with constant gain distributed controller, by using Terfenol-D as smart material, is chosen to achieve vibration suppression. The effects of material properties, radius of curvature, lamination scheme, and placement of magnetostrictive layers with respect to laminate midplane on vibration suppression are studied in details.

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38

Thormählen, Lars, Dennis Seidler, Viktor Schell, Frans Munnik, Jeffrey McCord, and Dirk Meyners. "Sputter Deposited Magnetostrictive Layers for SAW Magnetic Field Sensors." Sensors 21, no. 24 (December 15, 2021): 8386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248386.

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For the best possible limit of detection of any thin film-based magnetic field sensor, the functional magnetic film properties are an essential parameter. For sensors based on magnetostrictive layers, the chemical composition, morphology and intrinsic stresses of the layer have to be controlled during film deposition to further control magnetic influences such as crystallographic effects, pinning effects and stress anisotropies. For the application in magnetic surface acoustic wave sensors, the magnetostrictive layers are deposited on rotated piezoelectric single crystal substrates. The thermomechanical properties of quartz can lead to undesirable layer stresses and associated magnetic anisotropies if the temperature increases during deposition. With this in mind, we compare amorphous, magnetostrictive FeCoSiB films prepared by RF and DC magnetron sputter deposition. The chemical, structural and magnetic properties determined by elastic recoil detection, X-ray diffraction, and magneto-optical magnetometry and magnetic domain analysis are correlated with the resulting surface acoustic wave sensor properties such as phase noise level and limit of detection. To confirm the material properties, SAW sensors with magnetostrictive layers deposited with RF and DC deposition have been prepared and characterized, showing comparable detection limits below 200 pT/Hz1/2 at 10 Hz. The main benefit of the DC deposition is achieving higher deposition rates while maintaining similar low substrate temperatures.

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39

Borowiec, Marek, Arkadiusz Syta, and Grzegorz Litak. "Energy Harvesting Optimizing with a Magnetostrictive Cantilever Beam System." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 19, no. 05 (May 2019): 1941002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455419410025.

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Vibration energy is scavenged by a beam system based on magnetostrictive material (MsM). The system consists of interconnected substructural beams (aluminum and magnetostrictive layers) with a neutral stress axis shifted away from the axis of symmetry of the magnetostrictive beam. The coil that generates the electromotive force is wound on the composite beam. The study investigates the effects of a tip mass placed at the end of the beam and the beam thickness influence. Multiple solutions are found for high amplitudes, and the optimal configuration of the operating conditions is proposed. In addition, the sensitivity of the system to the initial conditions is compared for the first three resonance areas, leading to determination of two types of solutions with different levels of power output.

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40

Xu, Jia, Chang Yi Hong, and Zhi Wen Zhu. "Nonlinear Magneto-Electric Response Characteristics of Giant Mag-Netostrictive-Piezoelectric Composite Sensors in Harmonic and Stochastic Excitation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 1339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.1339.

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Nonlinear magneto-electric response characteristics of giant magnetostrictive-piezoelectric composite sensors in harmonic and stochastic magnetic fields were studied in this paper. Van der Pol nonlinear difference items were introduced to interpret the hysteresis phenomena of both giant magnetostrictive material and piezoelectric ceramics. The nonlinear dynamic model of giant magnetostrictive-piezoelectric composite sensors in harmonic and stochastic magnetic fields was developed. The expression of dynamic response of the system was obtained, and the bifurcation characteristics of the system were analyzed. The magneto-electric coefficient of the composite sensors was determined, and the effects of system parameters on the dynamic characteristics and magneto-electric coefficient of the system were analyzed. The simulation results show that there are stochastic Hopf bifurcation and jump phenomena of vibration amplitude in the system, and both of that can be avoided through adjusting parameters. The experimental results show that the system’s motion becomes chaotic when stochastic excitation is extremely large. The results of this paper are helpful for optimal design and improvement of giant magnetostrictive-piezoelectric composite sensors.

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41

Hong, C. C. "Transient Response of Functionally Graded Material Circular Cylindrical Shells with Magnetostrictive Layer." Journal of Mechanics 32, no. 4 (February 17, 2016): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2016.5.

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AbstractThe generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method is used to investigate the transient response of magnetostrictive functionally graded material (FGM) circular cylindrical shells. The effects of control gain value, thermal load temperature and power-law index on transient responses of dominant normal displacement and thermal stress are analyzed. With velocity feedback and suitable product values of coil constant by control gain in the magnetostrictive FGM shells can reduce the transient amplitude of displacement into a smaller value.

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42

Xu, Xueping, Qinkai Han, Fulei Chu, and Robert G. Parker. "Vibration suppression of a rotating cantilever beam under magnetic excitations by applying the magnetostrictive material." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 30, no. 4 (December 29, 2018): 576–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x18818768.

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The dynamic model and vibration suppression of a rotating cantilever beam under magnetic excitations are investigated in this article. The nonlinear constitutive relation of magnetostrictive materials is presented. The layout of the control system is demonstrated and explained. The kinetic energy, potential energy of the system, and work done by the electromagnetic force are obtained. The dynamic equations of the system are obtained and discretized by the Hamilton principle and Galerkin approach, respectively. Based on the negative feedback control method, the control scheme is implemented by the magnetostrictive layer. The dynamic model and control method are validated by the references. Various parameter values of the magnetic excitations and rotating beam systems are investigated to reveal their effects on the control behaviors of the bending vibration. Results illustrate that the magnetic excitations bring negative stiffness in the system and increase the responses of beam greatly. The magnetostrictive suppression is effective and can be regarded as the damping effect in the dynamic equations. Increasing the control gain, bias magnetic field and width ratio of the magnetostrictive layer to the controlled layer are beneficial to the vibration control. However, enlarging the angular velocity and pre-stress is harmful to the vibration suppression.

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43

Kaviraj, B., and S. K. Ghatak. "Simulation of stress-impedance effects in low magnetostrictive films." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 353, no. 16-17 (June 2007): 1515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.02.006.

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44

Hong, Chih-Chiang. "Thermal Vibration of Laminated Magnetostrictive Plates Without Shear Effects." International Journal of Electrical Components and Energy Conversion 3, no. 3 (2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijecec.20170303.12.

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45

Filippov, D. A., U. Laletsin, and G. Srinivasan. "Resonance magnetoelectric effects in magnetostrictive-piezoelectric three-layer structures." Journal of Applied Physics 102, no. 9 (November 2007): 093901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2803656.

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46

Crisan, V., V. Popescu, A. Vernes, D. Andreica, I. Burda, Simona Cristea, Nicoleta Gaciu, and Monica Graur. "Band Effects in Magnetostrictive Properties of the Y2Fe17 Compound." physica status solidi (b) 189, no. 1 (May 1, 1995): K27—K28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssb.2221890137.

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47

Savary, Maxime, Olivier Hubert, Anne-Laure Helbert, Thierry Baudin, and Thierry Waeckerlé. "Magnetostrictive and magnetic effects in Fe-27%Co laminations." AIP Advances 8, no. 4 (April 2018): 047711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4994207.

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48

Brine, Elizabeth J., Sandra Manfra Marretta, Gerald J. Pijanowski, and Arthur M. Siegel. "Comparison of the Effects of Four Different Power Scalers on Enamel Tooth Surface in the Dog." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 17, no. 1 (March 2000): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089875640001700102.

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The surface roughness of tooth enamel was quantitatively evaluated following scaling with four power scalers at three different tip forces. Ceramic and tooth samples were evaluated for surface roughness using surface profilometry. Applied tip forces were produced with a horizontal balanced arm holding the scaler handpiece and load weight, and were measured using a load cell. The power scalers evaluated were the ultrasonic piezoelectric, ultrasonic magnetostrictive (ferromagnetic stack), sonic, and rotosonic. For the tooth samples, at 50 grams of force, the piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, and sonic scaler roughnesses were similar and the rotosonic scaler outcome was statistically higher. Increasing the applied force significantly increased the roughness produced by the rotosonic and piezoelectric scalers. The results of this study indicate that the type of power scaler and applied tip force used determines the post-scaling surface roughness of ceramic and tooth enamel surfaces.

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49

Arani, A. Ghorbanpour, Z. Khoddami Maraghi, and H. Khani Arani. "Orthotropic patterns of Pasternak foundation in smart vibration analysis of magnetostrictive nanoplate." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 230, no. 4 (April 9, 2015): 559–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215579929.

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In this research, free vibration of rectangular nanoplate made of magnetostrictive materials is studied while it is focused on elastic medium as an efficient stability factor. For this purpose, Pasternak foundation is developed by considering orthotropy angle where the effect of Pasternak shear modulus is investigated in different directions. Since the nanoplate is subjected to the coil, a feedback control system follows the effects of uniform magnetic field on vibration characteristics of magnetostrictive nanoplate. So, Reddy’s third-order shear deformation theory along with Eringen’s nonlocal continuum model are utilized in order to derive motion equations at nanoscale using Hamilton’s principle. Five coupled motion equations solved by differential quadrature method in two-dimensional space by considering different boundary conditions. Results indicate that with appropriative selection for orthotropy angle, normal, and shear Pasternak foundation modulus, it is possible to achieve optimal and desire values to more stability of magnetostrictive nanoplate. These findings can be used in automotive industry, communications equipment in nano- and microstructures.

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50

Davino, D., A. Giustiniani, and C. Visone. "Effects of hysteresis and eddy currents in magnetostrictive harvesting devices." Physica B: Condensed Matter 407, no. 9 (May 2012): 1433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2011.07.038.

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