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1

PERKINS, PHILIP D. "New species (130) of the hyperdiverse aquatic beetle genus Hydraena Kugelann from Papua New Guinea, and a preliminary analysis of areas of endemism (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)." Zootaxa 2944, no. 1 (June 8, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2944.1.1.

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The Papua New Guinea (PNG) species of the water beetle genus Hydraena Kugelann, 1794, are revised, based on the study of 7,411 databased specimens. The two previously named species are redescribed, and 130 new species are described. The species are placed in 32 species groups. High resolution digital images of all primary types are presented (online version in color), scanning electron micrographs of representative species are given, and geographic distributions are mapped. Male genitalia, representative female terminal abdominal segments and representative spermathecae are illustrated. Papua New Guinea Hydraena species are typically found in sandy/gravelly stream margins, often in association with streamside litter; some species are primarily pond or swamp dwelling, and a few species are usually found in the hygropetric splash zone on stream boulders or on rocks at the margins of waterfalls. The geographic distributions of PNG Hydraena are compared with the Areas of Freshwater Endemism recently proposed by Polhemus and Allen (2007), and found to substantially support those areas. Only one species, H. impercepta Zwick, 1977 is known to be found in both Australia and Papua New Guinea. The probable Australian origins of the PNG hydraenid genera Gymnochthebius and Limnebius are discussed. The origins of just a few species of PNG Hydraena appear to clearly be Australia, and of comparatively recent origin, whereas the origins of the remainder remain problematic because of lack of knowledge of the Hydraena fauna in Papua Province, Indonesia, and islands large and small to the west of New Guinea. No endemic genera of Hydraenidae are currently known for New Guinea, whereas 98% of the known species are endemic. New species of Hydraena are: H. acumena (Eastern Highlands Province: Koma River, tributary of Fio River), H. adelbertensis (Madang Province: Adelbert Mts., below Keki), H. akameku (Madang Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range), H. altapapua (Southern Highlands Province: Sopulkul, 30–35 km NE Mendi), H. ambra (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. ambripes (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Budemu), H. ambroides (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. apertista (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Lower Naho Valley, Hinggia), H. apexa (Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa), H. aquila (Madang Province: Simbai area), H. aulaarta (Western Highlands Province: Kundum), H. austrobesa (Central Province: nr. Port Moresby, Sogeri Plateau, Musgrave River), H. bacchusi (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. balkei (Eastern Highlands Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range), H. bicarinova (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. bifunda (Morobe Province: c. 7 mi. Lae–Bulolo road), H. biundulata (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road), H. brahman (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, 4.5 km N Brahman), H. bubulla (Madang Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range), H. buloba (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. buquintana (Western Highlands Province: Mt. Hagen town area), H. carinocisiva (Eastern Highlands Province: Aiyura), H. carmellita (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. cavifrons (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, 4.5 km N Brahman), H. cheesmanae (Central Province: Kokoda), H. clarinis (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. colorata (Morobe Province: 5 miles W of Lae, Buins Creek), H. confluenta (Eastern Highlands Province: Umg. [=environs of] Kainantu, Onerunka), H. copulata (Gulf Province: Marawaka, Mala), H. cunicula (Madang Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range), H. decepta (Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa), H. diadema (Eastern Highlands Province: Purosa Valley, nr. Okapa), H. dudgeoni (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. einsteini (Central Province: Port Moresby–Brown River road), H. essentia (Eastern Highlands Province: Sepik River Basin, stream beside milestone labelled G-99), H. exhalista (Gulf Province: Marawaka, Mala), H. fasciata (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. fascinata (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, nr. Moro), H. fasciolata (Madang Province: Madang, Ohu Village), H. fasciopaca (Madang Province: Keki, Adelbert Mts.), H. fenestella (Morobe Province: Lae-Bulolo road), H. foliobba (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. formosopala (East Sepik Province: Prince Alexander Mts., Wewak), H. funda (Central Province: Moitaka, 7 miles N of Port Moresby), H. fundacta (Madang Province: Adelbert Mts., Sewan–Keki), H. fundapta (Central Province: Port Moresby–Brown River road), H. fundarca (Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa), H. fundextra (Morobe Province: Markham Valley, Gusap), H. galea (Eastern Highlands Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range, 700 m), H. herzogestella (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Bundun), H. hornabrooki (East Sepik Province: Sepik, main river), H. huonica (Madang Province: Kewensa, Finisterre Range, Yupna, Huon Peninsula), H. ibalimi (Sandaun Province: Mianmin), H. idema (Eastern Highlands Province: Umg. [=environs of] Onerunka, Ramu River), H. impala (Central Province: nr. Port Moresby, Sogeri Plateau, Musgrave River), H. incisiva (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. incista (Western Highlands Province: Simbai, Kairong River), H. infoveola (Gulf Province: Marawaka, Mala), H. inhalista (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. inplacopaca (Eastern Highlands Province: Waisa, nr. Okapa), H. insandalia (Eastern Highlands Province: Headwaters of Fio River, 0.5 km downstream of river crossing on Herowana/Oke Lookout path, ca. 4.5 km N of Herowana airstrip), H. intensa (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road), H. johncoltranei (National Capital District, Varirata NP), H. jubilata (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Budemu), H. koje (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. koma (Eastern Highlands Province: Koma River, tributary of Fio River, 100 m downstream of rattan bridge crossing, ca. 3.8 km S by E of Herowana airstrip), H. labropaca (Central Province: nr. Port Moresby, Sogeri Plateau, Musgrave River), H. lassulipes (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. limbobesa (Gulf Province: Marawaka, near Ande), H. maculopala (Madang Province: Madang, Ohu Village), H. manulea (Morobe Province: Lae, Buins Creek), H. manuloides (Central Province: Port Moresby–Brown River road), H. marawaka (Gulf Province: Marawaka, Mala), H. mercuriala (Sandaun Province: May River), H. mianminica (Sandaun Province:May River), H. nanocolorata (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. nanopala (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. nitidimenta (Eastern Highlands Province: Koma River, tributary of Fio River, at rattan bridge crossing, ca. 2.6 km N by W of Herowana airstrip), H. okapa (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. ollopa (Western Highlands Province: Kundum), H. otiarca (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau, Snake River), H. owenobesa (Morobe Province: ca. 10 km S Garaina Saureri), H. pacificica (Morobe Province: Huon Pen., Kwapsanek), H. pala (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road, Gurakor Creek), H. palamita (Central Province: nr. Port Moresby, Sogeri Plateau, Musgrave River), H. paxillipes (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road, Patep Creek), H. pectenata (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. pegopyga (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, 3 km N Brahman), H. penultimata (Sandaun Province: May River), H. perpunctata (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. pertransversa (Eastern Highlands Province: Clear stream, summit of Kassem Pass at forest level), H. phainops (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road, Patep Creek), H. photogenica (Eastern Highlands Province: Goroka, Mt. Gahavisuka), H. picula (Eastern Highlands Province: Goroka, Daulo Pass), H. pilulambra (Eastern Highlands Province: Clear stream, summit of Kassem Pass at forest level), H. pluralticola (Morobe Province: c. 7 miles Lae–Bulolo road), H. processa (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. quadriplumipes (Madang Province: Aiome area), H. quintana (Morobe Province: Markham Valley, Lae–Kainantu road, Erap R), H. ramuensis (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, 6 km N Brahman), H. ramuquintana (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, 6 km N Brahman), H. receptiva (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road), H. remulipes (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. reticulobesa (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Moro), H. sagatai (Sandaun Province: Abau River), H. saluta (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. sepikramuensis (Madang Province: Ramu Valley, Sare River, 4 km N Brahman), H. sexarcuata (Eastern Highlands Province: Akameku–Brahmin, Bismarck Range), H. sexsuprema (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. spinobesa (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Budemu), H. striolata (Oro Province: Northern District, Tanbugal Afore village), H. supersexa (Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa), H. supina (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. tarsotricha (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau, Snake River), H. tetana (Eastern Highlands Province: Okapa), H. thola (Central Province: Port Moresby– Brown River road), H. tholasoris (Morobe Province: Markham Valley, Gusap, c. 90 miles NW of Lae), H. thumbelina (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. thumbelipes (Sandaun Province: Mianmin), H. tibiopaca (Morobe Province: ridge between Aseki–Menyamya), H. torosopala (Madang Province: Keki, Adelbert Mts.), H. torricellica (Morobe Province: Torricelli Mts., village below Sibilanga Stn.), H. transvallis (Madang Province: Finisterre Mts., Naho River Valley, Damanti), H. trichotarsa (Morobe Province: Lae–Bulolo road), H. tricosipes (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. tritropis (Madang Province: Sepik Ramu Basin, Kojé Creek), H. tritutela (Morobe Province: ca. 10 km S Garaina Saureri), H. ulna (Morobe Province: Herzog Mts., Wagau), H. variopaca (Eastern Highlands Province: Wanitabi Valley, nr. Okapa), H. velvetina (Eastern Highlands Province: Purosa Valley, nr. Okapa).
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2

Wiktor, Andrzej. "Terrestrial Gastropods of the Province of Madang in Papua-New Guinea I. Terrestrial Prosobranchia." Archiv für Molluskenkunde 127, no. 1-2 (November 27, 1998): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/127/1998/1.

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3

Houart, Roland. "Contribution to the knowledge of the Muricidae (Gastropoda) collected during Belgian explorations in Papua New Guinea with the description of a new muricopsine species." Festivus 52, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54173/f522128.

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A new muricid species assigned to the genus Favartia is described from Madang Province in Papua New Guinea and is compared with similar-looking species from the Indo-West Pacific. The Muricidae species, excluding Coralliophilinae, collected during several Belgian explorations in Papua New Guinea is listed in the appendix.
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4

Bailey, Stephen F. "Seabirds of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, September—November 1989." Emu - Austral Ornithology 92, no. 4 (December 1992): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu9920223.

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5

Bolnga, John W., Nancy N. Hamura, Alexandra J. Umbers, Stephen J. Rogerson, and Holger W. Unger. "Insights into maternal mortality in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 124, no. 2 (November 6, 2013): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.08.012.

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6

Senn, M., F. Baiwog, J. Winmai, I. Mueller, S. Rogerson, and N. Senn. "Betel nut chewing during pregnancy, Madang province, Papua New Guinea." Drug and Alcohol Dependence 105, no. 1-2 (November 2009): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.06.021.

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7

Owusu-Afriyie, Bismark, Isabelle Baimur, Theresa Gende, and Thomas Baia. "Prevalence of Risk Factors of Retinal Diseases among Patients in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea." International Journal of Clinical Practice 2022 (September 5, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6120908.

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Purpose. To explore the prevalence of risk factors of retinal diseases among patients seeking services from Madang Provincial Hospital Eye Clinic in Papua New Guinea. Materials and Methods. A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted at the only eye clinic serving the entire Madang province of Papua New Guinea. Purposive sampling was used to obtain data from patients’ record cards at the eye clinic from January to June 2021. The data collected included gender, age, presenting visual acuity, blood pressure, blood sugar level, body mass index, smoking habits, and history of cataract surgery. The data was analyzed using the International Business Machines Corporation’s Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. A p -value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Two hundred and fifty-five (255) patients went through diabetes and hypertension screening during the period of the study (January to June 2021). The mean age of the patients was 53.14 ± 11.20 years and there were more males (56.86%) than females. Nearly half of the patients (43.6%) were either visually impaired or blind. More than half (52.6%) had diabetes mellitus. Majority of the patients (73.3%) were hypertensive and more than half (57.0%) of the patients had unhealthy body mass index (BMI <18.525 kg/m2 or > 25 kg/m2). Overweight was significantly associated with hypertension ( p < 0.001 ) and diabetes mellitus ( p < 0.001 ). A few of them were smokers or had a history of cataract surgery (13.7% and 2.0%, respectively). Conclusion. There is a high prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and overweight among ophthalmic patients in Madang. It is important that measures are put in place to eliminate barriers to health care and to strengthen eye care services in Papua New Guinea.
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8

STROIŃSKI, ADAM, and JACEK SZWEDO. "Bitara gen. nov. of Tropiduchidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) east of Wallace line." Zootaxa 5057, no. 1 (October 20, 2021): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.1.8.

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A new genus and species of the tropiduchid planthopper of the tribe Tropiduchini is described as Bitara augusta gen. et sp. nov. from Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. It is the 18th species of Tropiduchini and the 9th genus known east of the Wallace line. It is another taxon with characteristic asymmetric genitalia within this tribe.
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9

Nurse, G. T. "Is Madang Province representative of Papua New Guinea as a whole?" Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 84, no. 3 (May 1990): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(90)90360-q.

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10

Hudson, B. J., and K. Pomat. "Ten years of snake bite in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 82, no. 3 (May 1988): 506–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(88)90179-4.

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11

Moir, J. S., P. A. Garner, P. F. Heywood, and M. P. Alpers. "Mortality in a rural area of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea." Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 83, no. 3 (January 1989): 305–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00034983.1989.11812349.

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12

Watson, Amanda. "Mobile phones and media use in Madang Province of Papua New Guinea." Pacific Journalism Review 19, no. 2 (October 31, 2013): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v19i2.223.

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A mobile phone service was not available to the majority of the population in Papua New Guinea (PNG) until mid-2007. Since that time, commercial competition has been introduced into the mobile telecommunication sector and coverage has spread across many parts of the country. While the focus of this article is on mobile phones, the research has also explored media access and media usage more generally. Analysis in this article adopts the ‘circuit of culture’ model developed by du Gay et al. (1997). The article is based on data from a survey conducted in 2009 in eight rural villages in Madang Province. The research occurred during the primary stages of mobile phone adoption in these places, providing a rare opportunity to gauge early adoption behaviour and attitudes.
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13

WILSON, PETER R., IAN R. JOHNSON, and DAVID J. LOHMAN. "Jamides wananga, a new species from Papua New Guinea and Australia (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)." Zootaxa 4981, no. 1 (June 3, 2021): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.1.5.

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Jamides wananga sp. n. is described and illustrated from Madang Province of Papua New Guinea and Dauan Island in the Torres Strait (Queensland, Australia). The new species is similar in appearance to several other Jamides Hübner species in the bochus-group. DNA sequence data and morphology were used to distinguish the nominotypical subspecies found on the New Guinea mainland from J. w. roxina subsp. n. on Dauan Island. Notes on the habitat and behaviour are also provided.
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14

Muridin. "ANALISIS PENDAPATAN PETANI DAN PEMASARAN PADI ORGANIK DI DESA LIMAN SARI KECAMATAN BUAY MADANG TIMUR KABUPATEN OKU TIMUR." Jurnal Bakti Agribisnis 1, no. 03 (April 1, 2016): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53488/jba.v1i03.111.

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The purpose of this research were to : (1) To analyze the income and feasibility of organic rice farming in Liman Sari Village, East Buay Madang District, OKU Timur Regency, (2) To analyze the organic rice marketing margin in Liman Sari Village, Buay Madang Timur Sub-district, OKU Timur Regency , (3) To analyze the prospect of farming development and marketing of organic rice in Liman Sari Village, Buay Madang Timur Sub-district, OKU Timur Regency. This research was conducted in Liman Sari Village, Buay Madang Timur Sub-district, OKU Timur District of South Sumatera Province with farmer respondents who work on organic rice cultivation in the village. The selection of research sites is done purposively with the consideration that the area is one of the villages that has many farmers working on organic rice cultivation. The research data was collected for 3 (three) months from April to June 2014. The research found that farmers receiving from organic rice farm in Liman Sari Village at the time of research with the average of 0.33 hectare is Rp .7,936,073.00, and total cost of Rp.4.682.209, -, the average income of Rp.3.253.863, - is obtained. The average farming efficiency (R / C Ratio) of 1.70 indicates that organic rice farming in Liman Sari Village is profitable and feasible to develop. The average organic rice marketing margin obtained by Gapoktan Suko Rahayu Suko Rahayu is Rp.5.890 , - per kilogram, while the capital or marketing cost incurred is Rp.4.680, - per kilogram so as to obtain profit of Rp.1.210, - per kilogram and Prospect of development of organic rice farming in Liman Sari Village, Buay Madang Timur District East OKU Regency is In a weak but very likely position. The strategy recommendation is to change strategy, meaning that farmers and Gapoktan Suko Rahayu are advised to change the previous strategy. Therefore, the old strategy is feared difficult to be able to capture the opportunities that exist while improving the performance of the organization. One way is to take advantage of existing opportunities, seek capital lenders, improve labor skills, promote organic rice in electronic and printed media, and seek breakthroughs for organic rice to be widely accepted by the market.
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15

Ramm, Johann-Friedrich. "Rural Development Planning in Two Pacific Sub-regions: Jaluit Atoll and Madang Province." Third World Planning Review 16, no. 1 (February 1994): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/twpr.16.1.wj47331124982489.

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16

Liebherr, James K. "Revision of Dobodura Darlington (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Odacanthini): Diversification on accreted terranes of northern New Guinea." Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 160, no. 1 (July 4, 2017): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22119434-16001001.

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The Papuan endemic genus Dobodura Darlington is taxonomically revised, with five newly described species — Dobodura alildablldooya sp. n., D. hexaspina sp. n., D. obtusa sp. n., D. svensoni sp. n., and D. toxopei sp. n. — complementing the type species, D. armata Darlington. The sympatric Dobodura alildablldooya and D. svensoni are described from Chimbu Province, Papua New Guinea. Known distributions of the other three new species are: D. hexaspina, Madang Province, P.N.G.; D. obtusa, Olsobip, Fly River, Western Province, P.N.G.; and D. toxopei, Bernhard Camp, Papua, Indonesia. Dobodura is the sole precinctive Papuan genus in an Australian-Papuan clade also including Clarencia Sloane, Dicraspeda Chaudoir, and Eudalia Laporte. Phylogenetic analysis of Dobodura places its known earliest divergence event on the northern New Guinea margin of the Australian craton. Later divergence events result in species occupying island-arc terranes progressively incorporated into present-day northern New Guinea, commencing in the Miocene.
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17

Rahman, Hasan Basri Arif, Mochamad Hasjim Bintoro, and Supijatno Supijatno. "Variation in Leaf Morphology of Sago Trees (Metroxylon sagu) in South Borneo Province, Indonesia." Journal of Tropical Crop Science 8, no. 02 (July 4, 2021): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.8.02.51-59.

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Natural populations of sago (Metroxylon sagu) in Indonesia show morphological variations in its organs, particularly the leaves. The existing variations resulted in sago type names provided by the locals. The sago plant types include Mahang, Buntal, Salak, Madang and Gandut. Sago leaves are economically important in Indonesia, mainly because they provide a potentially profitable and environment-friendly source of house roofing materials. Determining leaf variation among sago plants would provide information for a better way of choosing which among the current accessions/varieties of sago has the best leaf quality and production. Leaf variations in sago were recorded in shape, size, and color. The aim of this study are a) to compare differences in leaf morphology among sago types obtained from different geographic areas, and b) to determine whether these different sago types correspond to certain sago plant grouping. The qualitative and quantitative analysis showed variations in leaf characteristics of sago trees. Additionally, this study shows that based on leaf variations, the sago of South Borneo Province can be separated into two groups. The first group is Mahang and Gandut, which have long rachis, leaflets and leaves, and largest leaf area. The second group composed of Buntal, Salak and Madang accessions, which have short rachis and leaves, and smallest leaf area. Other results showed that there were characters that contributed significantly to the diversity of sago plants in the study area including spines, white stripe or banding on the rachis and petiole length. In line with our results, Mahang and Gandut accessions are the best accessions to be cultivated in the area, because they have wider leaves which support higher rates of photosynthesis. Further study should be conducted on phylogenetic using DNA sequencing to confirm divisions of the two sago groups.
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Owusu-Afriyie, Bismark, Anne Caleb, Lorraine Kube, and Theresa Gende. "Knowledge and Awareness of Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy among Patients Seeking Eye Care Services in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea." Journal of Ophthalmology 2022 (June 1, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7674928.

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Purpose. To assess the knowledge and awareness of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy among ophthalmic patients in Madang. Materials and Methods. This was a hospital-based study conducted at Madang Provincial Hospital Eye Clinic in Papua New Guinea. The study included all patients who visited the facility during the period of the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the patients’ demographics and their knowledge and awareness about diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Results. A total of 203 (97.6%) patients consented and participated in the study out of 208 patients who were approached. The age of participants ranged from 19 to 78 years with a median (IQR) of 41 (53–29) years. 107 (52.7%) were female participants. A majority of the participants (62.6%) had at least secondary education. A few of the participants (3.9%) had known diabetes, and 134 (66%) had no relatives or friends with diabetes. A total of 145 (71.4%) participants knew that diabetes can affect the eye. Most of the participants (93.6%) checked their eyes only when their vision was affected, 161 (79.3%) agreed that regular eye checks are necessary, and more than half (54.2%) knew that diabetes can lead to blindness. Age, gender, level of education, and whether a participant or participant’s friends and relatives had been diagnosed with diabetes were significantly associated with the knowledge and awareness of participants about diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion. A majority of the participants had good knowledge of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Health education and promotion will also help increase the awareness of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in the country.
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Vyverman, Wim, and Peter Tyler. "Fine-layer zonation and short-term changes of microbial communitites in two coastal meromictic lakes (Madang Province, Papua New Guinea)." Archiv für Hydrobiologie 132, no. 4 (March 10, 1995): 385–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/132/1995/385.

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Quinnell, R. J., A. F. G. Slater, P. Tighe, E. A. Walsh, A. E. Keymer, and D. I. Pritchard. "Reinfection with hookworm after chemotherapy in Papua New Guinea." Parasitology 106, no. 4 (May 1993): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000067123.

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SUMMARYReinfection with hookworm (Necator americanus) following chemotherapy was studied over 2 years in a rural village in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. The prevalence of hookworm infection had returned to pre-treatment levels after 2 years, and the geometric mean hookworm burden had returned to 58 % of the pre-treatment value. The rate of acquisition of adult worms was independent of host age, and was estimated as a geometric mean of 2·9–3·3 worms/host/year (arithmetic mean 7·9–8·9 worms/host/year). There was significant predisposition to hookworm infection; the strength of this predisposition did not vary significantly between age or sex classes.
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Owusu-Afriyie, Bismark, Moses Kombra, Theresa Gende, Anna Kia, and Isabella Mou. "Prevalence and distribution of refractive errors among ophthalmic patients in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea." Journal of Current Ophthalmology 34, no. 2 (2022): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/joco.joco_337_21.

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Kamac, Karoi, Beverley Paterson, and James Flint. "Lessons learnt from a measles outbreak in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, June 2014 - March 2015." Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal 8, no. 1 (March 14, 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5365/wpsar.2016.7.2.013.

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Pham, Bang Nguyen, Ronny Jorry, Nora Abori, Vinson D. Silas, Anthony D. Okely, and William Pomat. "Non-communicable diseases attributed mortality and associated sociodemographic factors in Papua New Guinea: Evidence from the Comprehensive Health and Epidemiological Surveillance System." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 3 (March 25, 2022): e0000118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000118.

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Background Papua New Guinea (PNG) is undergoing an epidemiological transition with increased mortality from NCDs. This study examined NCDs-attributed mortality and associated sociodemographic factors in PNG. Method Using WHO 2016 instrument, 926 verbal autopsy (VA) interviews were conducted in six major provinces from January 2018 to December 2020. InterVA-5 tool was used to assign causes of death (COD). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify sociodemographic factors associated with mortalities from emerging and endemic NCDs. Finding NCDs accounted for 47% of the total deaths, including 20% of deaths attributed to emerging NCDs and 27% of deaths due to endemic NCDs. Leading CODs from emerging NCDs were identified including cardiac diseases, stroke, and diabetes. The risk of dying from emerging NCDs was significantly lower among populations under age 44y compared with population aged 75+y (OR: 0.14 [0.045–0.433]; p-value: 0.001). People living in urban areas were twice likely to die from emerging NCDs than those in rural areas (OR: 1.92 [1.116–3.31]; p-value: 0.018). People in Madang province were 70% less likely to die from emerging NCDs compared to those from East New Britain province (OR: 0.314 [0.135–0.73]; p-value: 0.007). Leading CODs from endemic NCDs included digestive neoplasms, respiratory neoplasms, and other neoplasms. Only children aged 0-4y had significant lower risk of dying from endemic NCDs compared to the population aged 75+y (OR: 0.114 [95% CI: 0.014–0.896]; p-value: 0.039). Conclusion Public health interventions are urgently needed, prioritizing urban population and those aged over 44y to reduce premature mortality from NCDs.
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Field, Judith H., Ben Shaw, and Glenn R. Summerhayes. "Pathways to the interior: Human settlement in the Simbai-Kaironk Valleys of the Madang Province, Papua New Guinea." Australian Archaeology 88, no. 1 (December 9, 2021): 2–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03122417.2021.2007600.

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Mattar, J., and W. Solbach. "Tinea imbricata in Papua-Neuguinea: Behandlungsversuch mit Griseofulvin und Haloprogin bei einer Population des Gogol-Valley, Madang Province." Mycoses 25, no. 7 (April 24, 2009): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0507.1982.tb01951.x.

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Daniels, Don, and Joseph Brooks. "The History of *=a." Journal of Language Contact 12, no. 3 (January 28, 2020): 533–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01203001.

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This paper discusses the historical borrowing of an enclitic across unrelated Papuan languages spoken along the lower Sogeram River in the Middle Ramu region of present-day Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. The enclitic *=a, which attached to the right edge of a prosodic unit, was borrowed from the Ramu family into the ancestor of three modern Sogeram languages. Both morphological and prosodic substance were borrowed, as was the dual functionality of the enclitic – as a pragmatic marker in independent utterances and a linking device on dependent domains. We discuss the clitic’s formal and functional properties as evidence for its contact-induced origin and subsequent historical development in western Sogeram, as well as the implications of these developments for our understanding of morphological and pragmatic borrowing. The complexities of this borrowing event highlight the potential for theories of language contact to benefit from collaborative research on previously unstudied contact areas.
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Pritchard, D. I., R. J. Quinnell, A. F. G. Slater, P. G. McKean, D. D. S. Dale, A. Raiko, and A. E. Keymer. "Epidemiology and immunology of Necator americanus infection in a community in Papua New Guinea: humoral responses to excretory-secretory and cuticular collagen antigens." Parasitology 100, no. 2 (April 1990): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000061333.

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SUMMARYBaseline data from an immuno-epidemiological study of hookworm infection in a rural village in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea are reported. Necator americanus was found to be the commonest helminth infection, with a prevalence of near 100% and intensity of 40 worms per host in adults. Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were also present, at prevalences of 53, 10 and 3% respectively; Ancylostoma duodenale was absent. The frequency distribution of N. americanus was highly over-dispersed, and was well described by a negative binomial distribution with aggregation parameter, k, of 0·370. Intensity of infection was significantly related to host age, but did not differ between the sexes. Haemoglobin levels and haematocrit values were indicative of anaemia in the community, but were unrelated to hookworm infection. Levels of antibodies (IgG, IgA and 1gM combined) against adult Necator cuticular collagen and excretory-secretory (ES) products were determined.
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Read, A. F., A. Narara, S. Nee, A. E. Keymer, and K. P. Day. "Gametocyte sex ratios as indirect measures of outcrossing rates in malaria." Parasitology 104, no. 3 (June 1992): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000063630.

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The frequency of recombination between unlike genotypes is central to understanding the generation of genetic diversity in natural populations of malaria. Here we suggest a way of investigating the problem which could complement conventional biochemical approaches to the population genetics of malaria. Sex allocation theory is one of the most successful areas of evolutionary biology. A well-supported prediction is that progressively less female-biased sex ratios are favoured with more outcrossing; equal numbers of males and females being evolutionarily stable in randomly mating outbred populations. We present a simple game theory model to support the idea that outcrossing rates in malaria will be correlated with the sex ratio of gametocytes in the peripheral blood of vertebrate hosts. Blood films from epidemiological surveys and culture-adapted isolates from Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, were used to estimate average gametocyte sex ratio of Plasmodium falciparum in the area. The geometric mean proportion of males in the population was 0.18 (95% confidence limits: 0.15–0.22). From our model, we estimate that, on average, 36% of zygotes are the result of outcrossing. This estimate assumes that most microgametes released following exflagellation are capable of fertilization. If, on average, fewer than about 70% of microgametes are capable of fertilization (as is the case in at least one other species of Plasmodium), the observed sex ratio would be consistent with between zero and 36% of zygotes being the result of outcrossing. These estimates suggest that there is usually a numerically dominant genotype in the gametocyte population in a blood meal, and that a considerable amount of selfing is occurring in P. falciparum populations in the Madang region, even though it is an area of intense year-round transmission.
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Ollivier, J, Akus, W., and X. Bonneau. "COCONUT NUTRITION IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA." CORD 15, no. 02 (June 1, 1999): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v15i02.329.

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Copra yield in Papua New Guinea is estimated at 0.6 tonnes per hectare per year. Several factors may be responsible for this low productivity compared to other Asia Pacific countries. Amongst these, nutrient deficiency is an important limiting factor. In order to evaluate coconut nutrition status in PNG, leaf sample collection was undertaken by examining 23 sites around the country and from a nutrition trial carried out at the Stewart Research Station of the PNG Cocoa & Coconut Research Institute (PNG-CCRI) in the Madang Province. Results of leaf analysis revealed significant widespread nitrogen deficiencies at most of the sampled sites and geographic variations in potash deficiency. Chlorine deficiency varied with geographic sites and was closely related to the prevailing wind pattern. Preliminary results on nut-set and flowering in the trial at Stewart Research Station revealed a positive response to nitrogen and chlorine-based fertilizer applications. This suggests that appropriate fertilizer applications would be benefit future coconut production on this particular site.
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FROLOVÁ, PAVLÍNA, and ZDENĚK ĎURIŠ. "Madangella altirostris, a new genus and species of palaemonid shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from Papua New Guinea." Zootaxa 4438, no. 2 (June 21, 2018): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4438.2.7.

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A single ovigerous female specimen of marine shrimp of the family Palaemonidae collected from Madang Province, N.E. Papua New Guinea, was recognized as a representative of a new genus and species. Due to the presence of a sternal thoracic process, 3 pairs of posterior telson cuspidate setae, and the simple ambulatory dactyli, as well as the lack of branchiae on the two posterior maxillipeds, the new species clearly belongs to the assemblage of primarily free-living palaemonid taxa surrounding the speciose genera Cuapetes and Palaemonella. As the specimen possesses a short leaf-like rostrum, slender second pereiopods with small chelae similar to and not noticeably longer than the first pereiopods and very slender simple ambulatory dactyli, the specimen is without parallel within this assemblage and clearly represents a new genus. Its position within the Cuapetes/Palaemonella lineage of genera is also confirmed by a molecular comparison. The specimen is described and illustrated as a new genus and species.
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Charlwood, J. D., H. Dagoro, and R. Paru. "Blood-feeding and resting behaviour in theAnopheles punctulatusDönitz complex (Diptera: Culicidae) from coastal Papua New Guinea." Bulletin of Entomological Research 75, no. 3 (September 1985): 463–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300014577.

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AbstractSamples of engorged outdoor-resting females of the complex ofAnopheles punctulatusDönitz, primarilyA. farautiLaveran, were obtained from villages in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, in 1981–83 and their blood-meal sources identified. The proportion of the population feeding on man varied considerably from village to village according to the number of animals, particularly pigs, available as alternative hosts. Using a unique host in a mark–release–recapture experiment, the distance flown by engorged females ofA. farautiwas found to be generally less than 50 m. In one village, the gonotrophic age of a subsample of 1523 females ofA. farautiwas obtained and in 503 of these the electrophoretic pattern of the enzyme phosphoglucomutase (PGM) determined. Tests of association were per formed on the data. However, no significant relationship was found between host source, gonotrophic age and allelic type of PGM. Thus, separate subpopulations ofA. farautiwere not identified within this village. The relevance of the results to the epidemiology of malaria is discussed.
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Sekac, Tingneyuc, Sujoy Kumar Jana, Indrajit Pal, and Dilip Kumar Pal. "GIS Based Evaluation in Earthquake Hazard Micro-Zonation - A Case Study of Madang and Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 8 (2016): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.3.8.2.

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Gouda, Hebe N., Riley H. Hazard, Seri Maraga, Abraham D. Flaxman, Andrea Stewart, Jonathan C. Joseph, Patricia Rarau, et al. "The epidemiological transition in Papua New Guinea: new evidence from verbal autopsy studies." International Journal of Epidemiology 48, no. 3 (March 26, 2019): 966–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz018.

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Abstract Background Recent economic growth in Papua New Guinea (PNG) would suggest that the country may be experiencing an epidemiological transition, characterized by a reduction in infectious diseases and a growing burden from non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, data on cause-specific mortality in PNG are very sparse, and the extent of the transition within the country is poorly understood. Methods Mortality surveillance was established in four small populations across PNG: West Hiri in Central Province, Asaro Valley in Eastern Highlands Province, Hides in Hela Province and Karkar Island in Madang Province. Verbal autopsies (VAs) were conducted on all deaths identified, and causes of death were assigned by SmartVA and classified into five broad disease categories: endemic NCDs; emerging NCDs; endemic infections; emerging infections; and injuries. Results from previous PNG VA studies, using different VA methods and spanning the years 1970 to 2001, are also presented here. Results A total of 868 deaths among adolescents and adults were identified and assigned a cause of death. NCDs made up the majority of all deaths (40.4%), with the endemic NCD of chronic respiratory disease responsible for the largest proportion of deaths (10.5%), followed by the emerging NCD of diabetes (6.2%). Emerging infectious diseases outnumbered endemic infectious diseases (11.9% versus 9.5%). The distribution of causes of death differed across the four sites, with emerging NCDs and emerging infections highest at the site that is most socioeconomically developed, West Hiri. Comparing the 1970–2001 VA series with the present study suggests a large decrease in endemic infections. Conclusions Our results indicate immediate priorities for health service planning and for strengthening of vital registration systems, to more usefully serve the needs of health priority setting.
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Aribowo, Yoga, Yudi Syahputra, and Dian Agus Widiarso. "Characteristics of Lateritic Nickel Mineralization In Mid Part of Madang and Serakaman Areas, Sebuku Island, South Kalimantan." MATEC Web of Conferences 159 (2018): 01038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815901038.

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The research was conducted in Madang and Serakaman Tengah area, Sebuku Island Subdistrict, Kotabaru Regency, South Kalimantan Province which is one of the nickel potential areas in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to know the characteristic and distribution of laterite nickel mineralization. The rocks present in the study area are serpentinized dunite, serpentinized harzburgite, gabbro, silicified gabbro, tuff, and basalt. Methods used in this research were surface geological mapping, rock observation and sampling from outcrop and drill core representing each laterite horizon from limonite horizon to bedrock. Laboratory analysis consist of X-Ray Fluorescene (XRF) analysis is used to determine the abundance of certain chemical elements and compound which characterized the mineralization stage zonation in the laterite profile. The laterite deposite in the study area can be divided based on physical and chemical properties into four zones; red limonite, yellow limonite, saprolite, and bedrock. Saprolite is dominated by a group of hydrocylicic minerals (serpentine) so it can be predicted that the laterite types are developing laterite oxide and laterite silicate types.
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Fletcher, Brian S. "Dacine fruit flies collected during the dry season in the lowland rainforest of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea (Diptera: Tephritidae)." Australian Journal of Entomology 37, no. 4 (November 1998): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1998.tb01589.x.

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BRUCE, M. C., C. A. DONNELLY, M. PACKER, M. LAGOG, N. GIBSON, A. NARARA, D. WALLIKER, M. P. ALPERS, and K. P. DAY. "Age- and species-specific duration of infection in asymptomatic malaria infections in Papua New Guinea." Parasitology 121, no. 3 (September 2000): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099006344.

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The burden and duration of asymptomatic malaria infections were measured in residents of the malaria endemic village of Gonoa, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax and P. malariae infections in people aged 4 years to adulthood were compared. Frequent sampling at 3-day intervals for up to 61 days allowed assessment of individual episodes of infection. Statistical assessment of P. falciparum detection revealed a periodicity consistent with synchronous replication of this species over periods up to 27 days. The duration of P. falciparum episodes was longer across all age groups than that of P. vivax and P. malariae. A trend for decreasing duration with age was also noted in data from each species. This was most prominent in P. falciparum infections: median duration in 4-year-olds was > 48 days compared with a median between 9 and 15 days in older children and adults. The results are consistent with the slow acquisition of immunity to antigenically diverse Plasmodium populations and suggest a faster rate of acquisition to P. vivax and P. malariae than to P. falciparum.
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Kraus, Fred, Hinrich Kaiser, and Mark O’Shea. "Hidden diversity in semi-fossorial Melanesian forest snakes: A revision of the Toxicocalamus loriae complex (Squamata, Elapidae) from New Guinea." Vertebrate Zoology 72 (November 10, 2022): 997–1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.72.e89647.

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With its conservative set of scalation characters, Toxicocalamus loriae is a morphologically confusing species to which a wide array of phenotypes has been assigned. Careful analysis of 224 museum specimens reveals that multiple distinct species remain hidden under the name T. loriae and that diagnostic, species-level differences are more nuanced in this group of snakes than among other members of the genus. Our taxonomic reassessment leads us to resurrect the species T. lamingtonicomb. nov., T. loennbergiicomb. nov., and T. nymanicomb. nov. from synonymy with T. loriae, retain only T. pratti as a synonym, and describe three new species. As a consequence, T. loriae is no longer recognized as ranging throughout the entire island of New Guinea but is instead restricted to the southern versant of the Papuan Peninsula, and T. lamingtoni and T. spilorhynchussp. nov. are species restricted to that same peninsula’s northern versant. Toxicocalamus loennbergii is known only from the type series taken on the Onin Peninsula in West Papua, Indonesia, Toxicocalamus atratussp. nov. is a high-elevation (800–2200 m) Central Highlands endemic, and T. vertebralissp. nov. ranges from the Central Highlands of Papua New Guinea eastward into the Wau area of Morobe Province. Toxicocalamus nymani inhabits a geologically more heterogenous region, occurring from the Central Highlands eastward to the Huon Peninsula, including Karkar Island, and adjacent areas of Madang Province as well as the northernmost reaches of the Papuan Peninsula. We expect that denser geographic sampling across New Guinea and focussed specimen collection of a few known populations will result in the recognition of additional species in this complex.
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Umo, I., M. Kulai, and R. J. Commons. "Factors associated with loss to follow-up among TB patients in rural Papua New Guinea." Public Health Action 11, no. 4 (December 21, 2021): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/pha.21.0054.

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BACKGROUND: Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a lower middle-income country that has struggled to contain TB. The loss of patients to follow-up is a major contributing factor towards the high disease burden.OBJECTIVE: To describe persons with drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB) registered for treatment at the Gaubin Rural Hospital (GRH) on Karkar Island, Madang Province, PNG, and to investigate factors associated with patient loss to follow-up (LTFU).DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from GRH DS-TB registers. Factors associated with LTFU were investigated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS: A total of 722 patients were registered for DS-TB treatment and eligible for inclusion between 1 January 2014 and 30 June 2018, of whom 97 (13.4%) were lost to follow-up. Male sex was associated with an increased odds of LTFU (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.9, 95% CI 1.2–3.0; P = 0.005), as was travel time to GRH >3 h (aOR 3.7, 95%, CI 2.2–6.3; P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: A high LTFU rate has been identified in patients with TB in PNG. This study found male sex and increased travel time from treatment location to be associated with unsuccessful treatment adherence, highlighting the need for further interventions to improve adherence.
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Ismartaya. "The Influence of Capital and Work Environment on The Performance of MSME Employees of Bogor Regency West Java Province by Covariable Marketing." International Journal of Science, Technology & Management 2, no. 1 (January 27, 2021): 190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v2i1.139.

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Micro, small and medium enterprises or MSMEs in Indonesia each year increase. The increasing number of MSMEs still needs to experience intensive assistance in order to achieve independent, resilient, and quality MSMEs. Employee performance is a form of employee achievement after going through various stages in the work process. Based on the observations, researchers showed that the performance of MSME employees in Babakan Madang subdistrict and Cisarua Sub-District of Bogor Regency was not optimal. This is allegedly due to being influenced by capital, work environment, and marketing. The formulation of problems in this research is whether the capital and work environment can affect the performance of employees directly or through the marketing of MSMEs in two sub-districts in Bogor Regency. This study aims to find out the influence of capital and work environment on employee performance with marketing co-operation on MSMEs Bogor Regency, this research uses the archework of The Posttest Only Control Group with marketing covariance. Data collection techniques use interviews and questionnaires, while sampling techniques use non probability sampling with a sample number of 72 people. The results showed that capital and work environment have a positive and significant effect on employee performance through marketing. This can be seen from the results of simple linear regression analysis, multiple linear regression, t test, determination coefficient test, sobel test and path analysis. Marketing as a moderator variable mediates between capital to employee performance that is partial mediation and marketing as moderator variables that mediate between the work environment and employee performance, both of which are full mediation.
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Wiktor, Andrzej. "Terrestrial gastropods (Mollusca) of province Madang in Papua - New Guinea. Part III. Pulmonata: Rathousiidae, Ellobiidae, Succineidae, Agriolimacidae, Endodontidae (Partim), Ariophantidae, Euconulidae, Subulinidae, Streptaxidae." Folia Malacologica 11, no. 1-2 (June 10, 2003): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12657/folmal.011.001.

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Pham, Bang Nguyen, Seri Maraga, Lydia Kue, Vinson D. Silas, Norah Abori, Ronny Jorry, Tony Okely, and William Pomat. "Social determinants of injury-attributed mortality in Papua New Guinea: new data from the Comprehensive Health and Epidemiological Surveillance System." BMJ Open 12, no. 11 (November 2022): e064777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064777.

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ObjectiveThis study reported the prevalence and sociodemographic distribution of mortalities attributed to injuries in Papua New Guinea (PNG).SettingAs part of a longitudinal study, mortality data were collected from the population who live in eight surveillance sites of the Comprehensive Health and Epidemiological Surveillance System, established in six major provinces in PNG. Verbal autopsy (VA) interviews were conducted by the surveillance team with close relatives of the deceased, using the WHO 2016 VA instrument from January 2018 to December 2020.Participant and InterventionMortality data from 926 VA interviews were analysed, using the InterVA-5 diagnostic tool to assign specific cause of death (COD). Distributions of injury-attributed mortality were calculated and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify sociodemographic factors and provide ORs, 95% CIs of estimates and p values.ResultInjury-attributed deaths accounted for 13% of the total deaths recorded in the surveillance population, with the highest proportion in Madang (22%), followed by Port Moresby and Central Province (13%). Road traffic accidents were the leading COD, accounting for 43% of the total injury-attributed deaths, followed by assaults (25%) and accidental falls (10%). Young adults (aged 15–24 years) accounted the largest proportion of injury-attributed deaths (34%) and were nearly six times more likely to die from injuries than those aged 75+ years (OR: 5.89 (95% CI: 2.18 to 15.9); p<0.001). Males were twice more likely to die from injuries than females (OR: 2.0 (95% CI: 1.19 to 3.36); p=0.009). Another significant sociodemographic factor associated with the increased injury-attributed mortalities included urban versus rural residence (OR: 2.0 (95% CI: 1.01 to 3.99); p=0.048).ConclusionYoung adults, particularly those who live in urban areas, were at the highest risk of dying from injuries. Public health policies and interventions are needed to reduce premature mortality from injuries in PNG.
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Wiktor, Andrzej. "Terrestrial gastropods of the province of Madang in Papua - New Guinea. Part II. Two species of Cryptaustenia Cockerell, 1898 (Pulmonata: Helicarionidae) new to the science." Folia Malacologica 10, no. 4 (December 10, 2002): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12657/folmal.010.014.

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Purwadi, A. Minha, and Lifianthi. "FARMERS' PERCEPTIONS OF THE RICE FARMING INSURANCE PROGRAM IN THE SUB-DISTRICT OF EAST BUAY MADANG, EAST OGAN KOMERING ULU REGENCY, SOUTH SUMATRA PROVINCE OF INDONESIA." Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences 120, no. 12 (December 28, 2021): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2021-12.09.

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44

Charlwood, J. D., P. M. Graves, and M. H. Birley. "Capture-recapture studies with mosquitoes of the group of Anopheles punctulatus Dönitz (Diptera: Culicidae) from Papua New Guinea." Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, no. 2 (June 1986): 211–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748530001470x.

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AbstractFive capture-recapture experiments with three species of the group of Anopheles punctulatus Dönitz were undertaken in four villages in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Females were collected in landing catches, blood-fed, marked with fluorescent powder according to time and location of capture, and released. Recaptures took place for 4–13 nights after release. A proportion of the recaptured mosquitoes was dissected for evidence of recent oviposition and gonotrophic age determination. Two models were developed to test a number of the assumptions that underlie the analysis of capture-recapture data from mosquitoes. Species abundance and numbers collected varied within and between villages, but marked mosquitoes dispersed at random within the mosquito population. No heterogeneity was found between indoor and outdoor biters of any of the three species. Survival rates were similar in all species. Significant differences were found in the duration of the oviposition cycle between species and village. This was 2·7–3·7 days for A. punctulatus, 2·4–3·2 days for A. koliensis Owen and 2·1–3·0 days for A. farauti Laveran. No differences were found in the duration of the oviposition cycle of nulliparous and parous females of A. farauti. Thus temporary pool breeders had a longer cycle than permanent pool breeders. This tended to be due to a delay in returning to feed rather than a delay in oviposition. It is concluded that differences between local environments exert a greater influence on the duration of the oviposition cycle than do species specific differences.
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45

Gnezdilov, V. M. "New tribe, new genera, and new species of the family Issidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) from Southeastern Asia and New Guinea, with notes on morphology and evolution of the family." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 324, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 306–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2020.324.3.306.

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Eupilisini trib. nov. is erected for the genera Eupilis Walker, 1857, Gabaloeca Walker, 1870, Syrgis Stål 1870, and Bornepilis gen. nov. (type species: Bornepilis longipennis sp. nov.) in the subfamily Issinae of the family Issidae. Bornepilis longipennis sp. nov. is described from Sabah State of Malaysia in northern Borneo. Two new species of the genus Eupilis are described from northwestern Borneo – E. borneoensis sp. nov. and E. walkeri sp. nov. Eupilis hyalinocosta Melichar, 1914 is redescribed and together with E. rubrovenosa Melichar, 1914 is transferred to Bornepilis gen. nov. Eupilis albilineola Walker, 1857, E. hebes Walker, 1857, and Gabaloeca retifera Walker, 1870 are redescribed. Eupilis nigrinervis Stål, 1870 is redescribed and transferred to the genus Gabaloeca. Three new combinations are formed: Bornepilis hyalinocosta (Melichar, 1914), comb. nov., B. rubrovenosa (Melichar, 1914), comb. nov., and Gabaloeca nigrinervis (Stål, 1870), comb. nov. Paguinella ramosa gen. et sp. nov. is described from the canopies of Madang Province in Papua New Guinea. This new genus is closely related to New Guinean genus Papunega Gnezdilov et Bourgoin, 2015, but well distinguished by ventral aedeagal hooks each with two long branches and wide neck of capitulum of style. Morphology of hind wing and male genitalia of the members of issid tribes Eupilisini trib. nov., Issini, Sarimini, Chimetopini, and Kodaianellini are discussed and illustrated in accordance to evolution and historic distribution of the family Issidae from southeastern Asia to America and tropical Africa. New data on distribution of Bornepilis hyalinocosta and Gabaloeca nigrinervis in the Philippines are given.
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46

Rizkon, Muhammad, Gusti Syeransyah Rudy, and Sulaiman Bakri. "KARAKTERISTIK POHON DI KAWASAN TEPI SUNGAI KHDTK ULM MANDIANGIN PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN." Jurnal Sylva Scienteae 4, no. 5 (October 25, 2021): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jss.v4i5.4210.

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Changes in vegetation have an important effect on stability, productivity, trophic structure, and movement of ecosystem components. The research objective was to determine the dominant species in the riverbank area and to analyze the species similarity index in the riverside habitat. This research was conducted on the riverbank of the Mandiangin Special Purpose Forest Area (KHDTK), South Kalimantan Province. The tools used for this research were meter, compass, GPS, sample, rapia rope, tallysheet, camera, parang machete and phiban. This study used a combination method, namely (pathway and checkered line method) to record all growth levels (seedlings, saplings, poles and trees). Making paths in the area under study was carried out by means of purposive sampling. This method is a point determination method with all considerations considered representative. Collecting data This research uses 40 sample plots and 10 control plots. Tree species dominate in line I and III Pulantan (Alstonia angustilob) with a value of 64.68% in line I, while in line III, which is 43.95%, the type of vegetation at the tree level that dominates in line II is Tengkook Ayam (Nephelium sp.) which is equal to 25.30%. The tree-level vegetation type that dominates in lane IV is Resak (Vatica rassak), with an IVI value of 51.05%. Madang Puspa (Schima walilcii) is the most dominant type with an INP value of 70.96% on line V. The similarity index in the comparison of all lanes is low, because it is <80%Perubahan vegetasi berpengaruh penting terhadap stabilitas, produktivitas, struktur trofik, serta perpindahan komponen ekosistem. Tujuan penelitian untuk menentukan jenis-jenis dominan yang ada di areal tepi sungai dan menganalisis indeks kesamaan jenis pada habitat tepi sungai. Penelitian ini dilakukan di tepi sungai Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) Mandiangin Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Alat yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini seperti meteran, kompas, GPS, sampel, tali rapia, tallysheet, kamera, patok parang dan phiban. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kombinasi yaitu (metode jalur dan garis berpetak) untuk merekam semua tingkat pertumbuhan (semai, pancang, tiang. dan pohon). Pembuatan jalur pada areal yang diteliti dilakukan dengan cara pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Metode ini merupakan metode penetuan titik dengan semua pertimbangan yang dianggap representatif. Pengambilan data Penelitian ini menggunakan 40 plot sampel dan 10 plot control. Jenis pohon mendominasi dijalur I dan III Pulantan (Alstonia angustilob) dengan nilai sebesar yaitu sebesar 64,68 % pada jalur I, sedangkan pada jalur III yaitu sebesar 43,95 %, Jenis vegetasi tingkat pohon yang mendominasi pada jalur II yaitu Tengkook Ayam (Nephelium sp.) yaitu sebesar 25,30 %. Jenis vegetasi tingkat pohon yang paling mendominasi pada jalur IV yaitu Resak (Vatica rassak), dengan nilai INP sebesar 51,05 %. Madang Puspa (Schima walilcii) merupakan jenis yang paling dominan dengan nilai INP yaitu sebesar 70,96 % pada jalur V. Indeks similaritas pada perbandingan seluruh jalur rendah, karena < 80%
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47

neyuc Sekac, Ting. "A GIS Based Approach into Delineating Liquefaction Susceptible Zones Through Assessment of Site-Soil-Geology-A Case Study of Madang and Morobe Province in Papua New Guinea (PNG)." International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 5, no. 5 (May 15, 2016): 6616–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15680/ijirset.2016.0501003.

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48

Sujoy Kumar Jana, Tingneyuc Sekac,. "A GIS Based Approach into Delineating Liquefaction Susceptible Zones Through Assessment of Site-Soil-Geology-A Case Study of Madang and Morobe Province in Papua New Guinea (PNG)." International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 5, no. 5 (May 15, 2016): 6616–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15680/ijirset.2016.0505003.

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49

Sharma, A., and H. Miyazaki. "MULTI-HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT IN URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT USING AHP." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W8 (August 22, 2019): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w8-363-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Many cities across the world are exposed to more than one hazards. Focus on only the most prominent natural hazards, or the most recent event can be dangerous, as many potential threats to urban development are not assessed. Even when multiple hazards in a given area is assessed, there is a lot of confusion on how to utilize hazard information in making decisions for urban land-use planning. This study is aimed to develop a method to utilize hazard maps in urban land-use decision making. The study has identified numerous applications of GIS-based multi-criteria decision model (MCDM) for land-use suitability evaluation. It has then tried to integrate multiple hazard maps, a product of multi-hazard risk assessment, into the model to generate suitability maps for further development. The used parameters were correlated using the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP), one of the MCDM tool and incorporated into the GIS environment, with a comparison between the cases with- and without-hazard considerations. The application of the proposed method was tested for Madang Province, Papua New Guinea for four land-uses, i.e., residential, industrial, commercial, and agricultural. The results of the model i.e., land-use suitability maps were spatially reflective of the model user’s decisions and understanding. This model gave considerable results for the urban development plan. Furthermore, comparison of the model outputs with and without hazard considerations led to notable differences. For example, almost 1% of the study area was rendered unsuitable for residential development in the assessment without hazard consideration. Besides, approximately 14% of the study area were assessed as suitable for without-hazard consideration but less suitable for with-hazard consideration. Since the hazard maps represented patterns and locations of natural hazards, our approach of incorporating them could help highlight the gaps in risk recognition with future development in hazardous areas.</p>
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Чининов, И. В. "ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫЙ УКЛАД ЖИТЕЛЕЙ ДЕРЕВЕНЬ ГОРЕНДУ, БОНГУ И ГУМБУ (НОВАЯ ГВИНЕЯ) В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ РЕАЛИЯХ (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ПОЛЕВЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ)". Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology), № 3 (1 жовтня 2021): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2021-3/261-273.

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В апреле–мае 2019 г. научно-исследовательская экспедиция Фонда им. Миклухо-Маклая (под руководством директора Фонда Н.Н. Миклухо-Маклая-младшего) продолжила комплексные полевые работы в провинции Маданг Независимого Государства Папуа – Новая Гвинея – в деревнях Горенду, Бонгу и Гумбу на Берегу Маклая (на северо-востоке о-ва Новая Гвинея), где проживают представители папуасскоязычной этнической группы бонгу (самоназвание бонгуанцы). Этнографическая часть программы предусматривала изучение различных сторон современной хозяйственной деятельности и их корреляций с традиционными занятиями бонгу минувших веков. Во второй половине XIX столетия в этом регионе проводил свои научные изыскания выдающийся русский ученый-гуманист Николай Николаевич Миклухо-Маклай, в 1971 и 1977 гг. здесь работали советские, а в 2017 и 2019 гг. российские этнографы. Проведенные автором статьи – участником двух последних экспедиций – исследования позволили выявить прочную сохранность аутентичных элементов в хозяйственной деятельности бонгу. Приходящие извне инновации не только не трансформируют в корне традиционный уклад жизни папуасов, но, органично на него наслаиваясь, придают ему еще большую устойчивость. In April–May 2019, the research expedition of the Miklouho-Maclay Foundation (led by N. N. Miklouho-Maclay, Jr. – the Director of the Foundation) continued comprehensive fieldwork in the villages of Gorendu, Bongu, and Gumbu on the Maklay Coast (the north-east of the New Guinea island) in the Madang Province of the independent State of Papua New Guinea. The ethnographic part included studying various aspects of the economic activity of the Papuan-speaking ethnic group Bongu (Bonguans) living in these villages and their associations with the corresponding traditional occupations of the past centuries recorded in the works of Russian scientists. In the second half of the XIX century, the outstanding Russian scientist-humanist Nikolai Nikolayevich Miklouho-Maclay conducted his long-term scientific research in this region. Soviet ethnographers worked there in 1971 and 1977. The research conducted by the author revealed the strong preservation of authentic elements in this sphere of life, which, in turn, is reflected in other cultural aspects. The innovations emerging from the outside world do not fundamentally transform the economic life of the Bongu Papuans but are organically incorporated, giving it even greater stability.
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