Дисертації з теми "Macrobentho"
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Carvalho, Gabriel Niero de. "Proposta de tratamento e modelagem de dados espaciais para uso em infraestrutura de dados espaciais - IDEs: estudo de caso de macrobentos para a área costeira da Baixada Santista." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3138/tde-11072014-122413/.
Повний текст джерелаCoastal zones are complex areas that include marine and terrestrial environments. Besides its huge environmental importance, they also attract humans because they provide food, recreation, business, transportation, among others. Some difficulties to manage these areas are related with their complexity, diversity of interests and the absence of standardization to collect and share data to scientific community, public agencies, among others. The use of geo-technologies can be used in the organization, standardization and sharing of this information through Atlas Web and assists planning and decision making issues because it aggregates different files from distinct sources. The construction of a spatial database integrating the environmental business, to be used on Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) is illustrated by a bioindicator, Macrobenthos, that indicates the quality of the sediments. This research shows the required steps to build Macrobenthos spatial database based on Santos Metropolitan Region as a reference. Besides, it tries to illustrate the problems related to organize non standardized data. It can be concluded, when working with environmental data, that the structuring of knowledge in a conceptual model is essential for their subsequent integration into the SDI. During the modeling process it can be noticed that methodological issues related to the collection process may obstruct or make impracticable the data integration from different studies of the same area. The development of a database model and its subsequent publication in a Geoportal can be used as a reference for further research with similar goals.
Fernandes, Sandra Cristina dos Reis Borges. "Functional role of macrobenthos in estuarine sediment dynamics." Doctoral thesis, FCT - UNL, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/2019.
Повний текст джерелаEstuaries are areas of high sediment dynamics. Particles in suspension are an important vehicle of several biochemical substances and contaminants. Therefore, the knowledge on the processes ruling sediment dynamics is needed to develop tools for estuarine water quality management. Presently, few numerical models for sediment dynamics incorporate biological interactions with sediment dynamics. The aim of this study is to gain understanding of the macrobenthic influences on cohesive sediment dynamics. The research was focused on the effects of two species of macrobenthos; 1) the cockle Cerastoderma edule (densities of 280 to 1000 ind m-2). Work on this species focused on sediment transport and deposition, by studying the hydrodynamic effect on the sediment removal activity (filtration) and its effects on topography and on the current velocities at the boundary layer 2) The ragworm Nereis diversicolor (densities of 320 to 1200 ind m-2). This work focused on sediment erodability and consolidation by studying the bioturbation effect on changes in the sediment properties,and 3) the effect of contamination (3 nmol Cu g-1 dw) on the bioturbation activity of N. diversicolor and on sediment dynamics. The results from experiments performed in a racetrack and in an annular flume showed that increasing density of C. edule is proportional to increasing sediment topography and related to reduced current velocities near the bed and increased shear velocity (u*), hydrodynamic roughness length and turbulence kinetic energy (TKE). The higher TKE values were related to the presence of active filtering C. edule, producing additional turbulence to the TKE produced by topography. The effect of filtration activity on turbulence is most pronounced at low velocities (u* < 1.5 cm s-1), in agreement with a unimodal response to increased velocities. Increasing densities of N. diversicolor are related to increased sediment shear strength (SS), increased biodiffusion coefficients (Db) and increased erosion rates (ER). This antagonistic effect of increase SS and ER is explained by erosion of bigger aggregates resulting from biological bound sediments. This study provides some evidence that copper contaminated sediments are more stable, as a consequence of decrease in biological response to toxicity, observed in lower values of shear strength and erosion rates. In addition, new methodologies for the determination of some of the parametersinvolved with this research field are suggested.
This thesis was financed by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia SFRH/BD/6188/2001
Kaltenberg, Eliza Maria. "New Approaches in Measuring Sediment-Water-Macrobenthos Interactions." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1458661697.
Повний текст джерелаQuinnell, Susan Elizabeth. "Estuarine Canaries: Macrobenthos Measures Pollution when Chemical Tests Cannot." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366573.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
COSTA, Clarissa Moreira Coelho. "Distribuição Espacial e Temporal do Macrozoobentos de Habitats Entremarés do Canal da Raposa, Baía de São Marcos, Maranhão, Brasil." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1868.
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Macrozoobenthos of different grain size intertidal habitats were sampled during wet and dry seasons on Raposa Channel, Maranhão State, Brazil. The sampling was made with a PVC corer. The benthic organisms was sieved using 1 and 0,5 mm sieves and identified under a stereoscopic microscope. There were a few dominant species despite of many rare ones. Paraonis agilis, Notomastus aberans, Capitella capitata and Odontosyllis heterofalchaeta had high densities on Raposa Channel habitats. The macrozoobenthos had higher densities during wet season, specially the deposit and suspension feeders. The deposit feeders were dominant at higher silt/clay content habitats, while the suspension feeders dominated higher sand content ones. These habitats were the most diverse. Ceratia rustica, Vitrinella filifera, Paraonis agilis, Scaphopoda indet. and Caecum sp had high contribution on dissimilarity between habitats, most expressive during dry season. Sediment humidity, organic mater content, sand, silt and clay percentages and grain selection showed that habitats were significantly differents.
Macrozoobentos de habitats entremarés de diferentes classificações granulométricas foram amostrados nos períodos chuvoso e de estiagem no Canal da Raposa, Ilha de São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. A amostragem utilizou um cilindro de PVC e os organismos bentônicos foram submetidos à triagem em peneiras geológicas (1 e 0,5 mm de malha) e sob microscópio estereoscópico. Foram representados por poucas espécies amplamente dominantes a despeito de numerosas espécies raras. Paraonis agilis, Notomastus aberans, Capitella capitata e Odontosyllis heterofalchaeta foram as espécies de Polychaeta mais abundantes nos habitats estudados no Canal da Raposa. O macrozoobentos atingiu maiores densidades no período chuvoso, especialmente detritívoros e filtradores. Os detritívoros foram dominantes nos habitats com maiores porcentagens de silte e argila, enquanto filtradores foram dominantes nos habitats com maiores porcentagens de areia, nos quais houve maior diversidade. Ceratia rustica, Vitrinella filifera, Paraonis agilis, Scaphopoda indet. e Caecum sp foram as espécies que mais contribuíram para a dissimilaridade entre os habitats estudados, que foi maior no período de estiagem. Umidade, teor de matéria orgânica, porcentagens de areia, silte e argila e desvio padrão dos grãos mostraram diferenças significativas entre os habitats estudados no Canal da Raposa.
Narayanaswamy, Bhavani Emma. "Macrobenthic ecology of the West Shetland Slope." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/42146/.
Повний текст джерелаThrush, S. F. "Community ecology of the sublittoral macrobenthos of Lough Hyne (INE)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355351.
Повний текст джерелаCraft, Jessica A. "Reef Macrobenthos Adjacent to a Major Navigational Inlet: Port Everglades, Florida." NSUWorks, 2006. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/376.
Повний текст джерелаNeubauer, R. Joseph. "The Relationship between Dominant Macrobenthos and Cyclical Hypoxia in the Lower York River." W&M ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617659.
Повний текст джерелаRetraubun, Alex S. W. "Food gathering and associated behaviour of three macrobenthic deposit feeders." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262464.
Повний текст джерелаLlansa, Roberto Javier. "Macrobenthic Community Structure at the Entrance to the Chesapeake Bay." W&M ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617557.
Повний текст джерелаChariton, Anthony A., and n/a. "Responses in estuarine macrobenthic invertebrate assemblages to trace metal contaminated sediments." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 2005. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060509.115744.
Повний текст джерелаPereira, Paula Maria Ferreira. "Macrobenthic succession and changes in sediment biogeochemistry following marine fish farming." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244701.
Повний текст джерелаNestlerode, Janet A. "Effects of Periodic Environmental Hypoxia on Predator Utilization of Macrobenthic Infauna." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617700.
Повний текст джерелаMARZIALETTI, Sara. "Monitoring macrobenthic fauna to gain knowledge regarding how marine systems operate." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11581/401894.
Повний текст джерелаPapas, Philip. "The effect of a saline wedge on the macrobenthos of the upper Swan River Estuary." Thesis, Papas, Philip (1994) The effect of a saline wedge on the macrobenthos of the upper Swan River Estuary. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 1994. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41383/.
Повний текст джерелаLlanso, Roberto Javier. "Effects of low dissolved oxygen on the macrobenthos of the lower Rappahannock River, Chesapeake Bay." W&M ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616749.
Повний текст джерелаZanchetta, Silvia. "Influenza dei fattori morfodinamici e degli interventi di gestione sulle comunità macrobentoniche di spiagge nell'alto Adriatico." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6477/.
Повний текст джерелаProft, Heinz Michael. "Impact of Artificial Reef Associates on Macrobenthic Community Structure in Florida Bay." W&M ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617691.
Повний текст джерелаWei, Chih-Lin. "The bathymetric zonation and community structure of deep-sea macrobenthos in the northern Gulf of Mexico." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4927.
Повний текст джерелаMoyer, Ryan P. "Macrobenthic Spatial Patterns and Community Structure on the Broward County, Florida (USA) Reefs." NSUWorks, 2003. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/288.
Повний текст джерелаGroenewald, Christoff J. "Macrobenthic community structure across an inter- and subtidal gradient in a mangrove estuary." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1240.
Повний текст джерелаRodrigues, Carina Waiteman. "Dimensão fractal e métodos quantitativos aplicados ao estudo de comunidades do macrobentos marinhos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/21/21134/tde-15032018-141840/.
Повний текст джерелаThe Sargassum C. Agardh macroalgae is of recognized ecological importance in coastal ecosystems, particularly in the rocky coastal communities of tropical and warm temperate regions. It is widely distributed on the southeast coast of Brazil, being frequent in rocky shores of moderate locations or protected from the impacts of waves. In these environments can form dense and extensive banks, structurally complex, capable of providing microhabitats varied for a great diversity of organisms. The Sargassum banks are susceptible to seasonal changes in their biomass and/or physiological status related to abiotic and biotic factors, and these variations can drastically influence the distribution and density of organisms associated with algae. The complexity of this substrate has been evaluated by means of several measures, being quantitative, as dry weight, the most used. The present work aims to evaluate the performance of different quantitative measures of the structural complexity of Sargassum filipendula banks i) in the temporal development of algae structural complexity in two hydrodynamically different environments and ii) in the composition and distribution of epifaunal organisms. Fifteen fronds of S. filipendula were collected per month, during 13 months, on the beaches of Fortaleza and Lamberto, Ubatuba, SP. The fauna present in these fronds was obtained through continuous washing and sieving. The sampling period was characterized by being atypical, presenting high temperatures throughout the year and a summer with low rainfall. This fact strongly influenced the seasonal variation of S. filipendula and associated epiphytes, causing high values of dry weight between spring and summer. The results of the comparisons of the measures analyzed showed that a single parameter is not representative of the structural complexity of the algae, since each measure presented differences in relation to the abundance and diversity of the fauna. These two indicators also showed a positive correlation with all parameters of substrate complexity. There was a significant difference between the beaches, and the Lambert fronds were structurally more complex, bearing the greatest abundance. However, it was the fronds of Fortaleza that exhibited the highest values of group richness. We discuss the use of one more of a quantitative measure to measure the structural complexity of the habitat.
Maxemchuk-Daly, Amanda. "Natural Variation in the Vertical Distribution of Macrobenthic Invertebrates Within Sandy-Mud Habitats." W&M ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617739.
Повний текст джерелаLoo, Maylene G. K. "Effects of wastewater effluent on macrobenthic infaunal communities at Christies Beach, South Australia /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl8625.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSakai, Masaru. "Impacts of cedar plantation and deer overbrowsing on the hydrological environment and macrobenthos community in headwater streams." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157879.
Повний текст джерелаMartinet, Fabrice. "Le macrobenthos limivore, descripteur des flux organiques liés aux sédiments : exemples dans diverses annexes fluviales du Rhône." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10065.
Повний текст джерелаGusmão, Junior João Bosco Leite. "Sediments and functional traits : applying a functional trait approach to assess marine macrobenthic function." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/48888.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos. Defesa: Pontal do Paraná, 21/04/2017
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Resumo: Na presente tese, investiguei como a função do macrobentos marinho de sistemas sedimentares rasos é afetada pela poluição ambiental, complexidade do habitat e mudanças na composição específica das assembleias. Utilizei uma abordagem analítica baseada em traços biológicos para estimar potenciais mudanças na função do macrobentos nos processos ecossistêmicos associados aos sedimentos. Meus objetivos de pesquisa incluem avaliações do papel dos gradientes ambientais naturais ou antropogênicos na estrutura funcional do macrobentos; da aplicabilidade das abordagens baseadas em traços biológicos para analisar a qualidade ambiental do bentos; dos efeitos das mudanças na composição específica das assembleias na função do macrobentos; do efeito da complexidade do habitat na diversidade de traços funcionais; e do impacto de espécies funcionalmente relevantes no funcionamento ecossistêmico. Os resultados e conclusões mais importantes desta tese foram: 1. Baixa qualidade do ambiente bêntico causada pelo enriquecimento orgânico prejudica o estabelecimento de espécies com determinados traços funcionais, resultando em assembleias com baixa diversidade funcional. 2. Abordagens baseadas em traços biológicos são uma forma válida de avaliação os efeitos gerais da poluição orgânica no macrobentos. Tanto a análise de traços biológicos quanto os índices multivariados de diversidade funcional representam boas ferramentas analíticas para a investigação de mudanças na estrutura macrobêntica ao longo de gradientes de contaminação orgânica. 3. As mudanças na estrutura das assembleias promovidas pelo estabelecimento de espécies exóticas podem levar a grandes mudanças na diversidade funcional do macrobentos. Essas mudanças podem aumentar o potencial de bioturbação das assembleias e ter implicações para o funcionamento do ecossistema nos sistemas sedimentares. 4. O aumento da complexidade do habitat promovido pelas gramas marinhas pode promover funções relacionadas com os sedimentos devido ao estabelecimento de organismos bioturbadores que habitam camadas superficiais do sedimento. 5. As espécies funcionalmente relevantes do macrobentos podem promover o microfitobentos, seja através do aumento da bioturbação dos sedimentos ou através da estabilização dos sedimentos devido à atenuação da hidrodinâmica local. 6. As espécies funcionalmente relevantes podem promover cascatas funcionais por favorecer o estabelecimento de organismos que desempenham outras funções. Nos casos abordados nesta tese, as gramas marinhas promovem a infauna que vive próximo à superfície do sedimento e indiretamente media processos relacionados à bioturbação; a bioturbação macrobêntica influencia os produtores primários por afetar a estrutura microfitobêntica e os bancos de mexilhões promovem a produção primária por favorecer o microfitobentos. 7. Os índices de diversidade funcional são úteis como uma ferramenta exploratória para avaliar os efeitos gerais de perturbações ou gradientes ambientais na estrutura do macrobentos. Por outro lado, a análise de traços biológicos ou o enfoque em identidades funcionais representa uma melhor abordagem para avaliar os efeitos funcionais gerais do macrobentos na estrutura e nos processos ecossistêmicos.
Abstract: In this doctoral thesis, I investigate how the function of sediment living organisms is affected by environmental pollution, habitat complexity and changes in assemblage composition in shallow sedimentary systems. I used a trait-based approach to estimate potential changes in function of the macrobenthos in sediment-related ecosystem processes. My research subjects include: the role of natural and human induced gradients in shaping assemblage functional trait structure; the applicability of trait-based approaches to assess environmental status; the effects of changes in assemblage composition on macrobenthic function; the effect of complexity on functional diversity; and the impact of functionally relevant species on ecosystem functioning. The most important findings and conclusions of this thesis are: 1. Low benthic environmental quality driven by organic enrichment hinders the establishment of macrobenthic species with specific functional traits, resulting in assemblages with differentiated trait composition and decreased functional diversity. 2. Trait-based approaches are a reliable way to assess general effects of organic pollution on the macrobenthos. Both biological trait analysis and multivariate functional diversity are good analytical tools to analyze changes in macrobenthic structure across organic contamination gradients, although biomass- and abundancebased analysis can differ. 3. Changes in assemblage structure driven by establishing alien species can drive major changes in macrobenthic functional diversity. These changes can drive increased bioturbation potential, and have implications for ecosystem functioning in sedimentary systems. 4. Increased habitat complexity driven by seagrasses can promote sediment-related functions by favoring the establishment of shallow-living macrobenthic bioturbators. 5. Functionally relevant macrobenthic species can promote microphytobenthos either by increasing sediment bioturbation or by sediment stabilization via flow attenuation. 6. Functionally relevant species can promote functional cascades by favoring the establishment of organisms that perform other functions. In the cases addressed in this thesis, seagrasses promote shallow-living infauna and indirectly mediate bioturbation-related processes; macrobenthic bioturbation drives primary producers by affecting microphytobenthic structure; and mussel beds promote primary production by favoring microphytobenthos. 7. Functional diversity indices are useful as an exploratory tool to assess general effects of disturbances or gradients on macrobenthic structure. On the other hand, biological trait analysis or the focus on functional identities represents a better approach to assess the general functional effects of the macrobenthos on ecosystem structure and processes.
Samenvatting: In dit proefschrift onderzoek ik hoe de ecologische functie van bodemorganismen wordt beïnvloed door milieuvervuiling, habitatcomplexiteit en veranderingen in de soortensamenstelling binnen ondiepe sedimentaire ecosystemen. Ik heb gebruik gemaakt van een aanpak gericht op fenotypische kenmerken (een zogeheten trait-based approach) om een inschatting te maken van potentiële veranderingen in de functie van het macrobenthos binnen sedimentgerelateerde ecosysteemprocessen. Onderwerpen binnen mijn onderzoek zijn: de rol van natuurlijke en door de mens veroorzaakte gradiënten bij het vormen van de functionele structuur van ecologische gemeenschappen; de toepasbaarheid van de trait-based approach om de toestand van het milieu te beoordelen; de effecten van veranderingen in de soortensamenstelling op de functie van het macrobenthos; de effecten van complexiteit op functionele diversiteit; en de invloed van functioneel relevante soorten op het functioneren van ecosystemen. De belangrijkste bevindingen en conclusies van dit proefschrift zijn: 1. Lage kwaliteit van de benthische omgeving, gedreven door organische verrijking, verhindert de vestiging van macrobenthische soorten met specifieke functionele kenmerken. Dit resulteert in samenstellingen met verschillende eigenschappen en verminderde functionele diversiteit. 2. De trait-based approach is een betrouwbare manier om de algemene effecten van organische vervuiling op het macrobenthos te beoordelen. Zowel een analyse van biologische kenmerken als multivariate indices van functionele diversiteit zijn nuttige analytische methoden om de veranderingen in macrobenthische structuur in verschillende gradiënten van organische vervuiling te analyseren, ondanks dat biomassa- en abundantie-analyse kunnen verschillen. 3. Veranderingen in de structuur van de soortensamenstelling gedreven door de vestiging van uitheemse soorten, kan grote veranderingen in de macrobenthische functionele diversiteit veroorzaken. Deze veranderingen kunnen een verhoogd bioturbatiepotentieel veroorzaken en hebben implicaties voor het functioneren van bodemecosystemen. 4. Toegenomen habitatcomplexiteit gedreven door zeegrassen kan sedimentgerelateerde functies bevorderen door de vestiging van ondiep levende macrobenthische bioturbators. 5. Functioneel relevante macrobenthische soorten kunnen het microfytobenthos begunstigen door bioturbatie van het sediment te verhogen of door het sediment te stabiliseren middels het verzwakken van de stroming. 6. Functioneel relevante soorten kunnen functionele cascades bevorderen door de vestiging van organismen die andere functies uitvoeren te begunstigen zoals in de gevallen besproken in dit proefschrift: zeegrassen bevorderen ondiep levende infauna en bemiddelen indirect bioturbatiegerelateerde processen; macrobenthische bioturbatie drijft primaire producenten door de microfytobenthische structuur te beïnvloeden; en mosselbedden bevorderen primaire productie door microfytobenthos te begunstigen. 7. Indicatoren van functionele diversiteit zijn nuttig als verkennend hulpmiddel om de algemene effecten van verstoringen of gradiënten op de macrobenthische structuur te beoordelen. Anderzijds vertegenwoordigen de analyse van biologische kenmerken of de focus op functionele identiteit een betere aanpak om algemene functionele effecten van het macrobenthos op de processen en de structuur van het ecosysteem te beoordelen.
Chandrasekara, W. U. "The effects of anthropogenic disturbances on the macrobenthic fauna of saltmarshes and their recovery." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320394.
Повний текст джерелаGobin, Judith F. "Latitudinal gradients in species diversity : a comparative study of marine macrobenthic and meiobenthic communities." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240332.
Повний текст джерелаDunnigan, Shannon K. "Habitat Value of Restored Intertidal Shoreline for Fish and Macrobenthic Communities in Northeast Florida." UNF Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/597.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Zhi. "Responses of macrobenthic communities to pollution control and fisheries management measures in Hong Kong." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/644.
Повний текст джерелаSoares, Alexandre Goulart. "Sandy beach morphodynamics and macrobenthic communities in temperate, subtropical and tropical regions : a macroecological approach." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/293.
Повний текст джерелаPaula, Maria Cavalcanti Valença Ana. "As comunidades macrobentônicas na avaliação da qualidade ambiental de áreas estuarinas de Pernambuco." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/8207.
Повний текст джерелаConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Apesar de sua reconhecida importância em termos de complexidade e biodiversidade, os estuários vêm sofrendo considerável processo de degradação gerado pela ação antrópica. Diversos estudos têm enfatizado o papel do macrobentos como indicador da qualidade ambiental desses ecossistemas, o que tem levado ao desenvolvimento de ferramentas e métodos baseados em seus atributos (abundância, biomassa, composição específica, etc.). Dentre esses, os índices bióticos têm sido preferidos em termos de precisão e de custo-benefício, sendo o AMBI (Índice Biótico Marinho) o mais aplicado, com sucesso, em várias áreas geográficas submetidas a diferentes fontes de impacto. Contudo, poucas informações a respeito da ecologia das comunidades macrobentônicas estão disponíveis para a costa atlântica da América do Sul, estando concentradas nas regiões sudeste e sul do continente. Dessa forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivos descrever a composição e distribuição do macrobentos de áreas estuarinas de Pernambuco, testando o efeito do tamanho da abertura da peneira (1,0mm x 0,5mm) e da profundidade de amostragem (0-10cm x 0-20cm) na descrição das associações da fauna e examinar a eficiência do AMBI na avaliação da qualidade ambiental desses estuários. As coletas ocorreram em Outubro-2007, em 14 pontos situados na costa de Pernambuco, sendo amostrados além do macrobentos, parâmetros físico-químicos de água (salinidade, temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, amônia) e de sedimento (matéria orgânica, granulometria, potencial redox, nitrogênio-total), além do microfitobentos. Um total de 14.257 indivíduos distribuídos em 78 táxons e com uma biomassa total de 83,64g foram observados. Em geral, as diferenças na retenção das peneiras foram importantes para a abundância total (já que a peneira de 1,0mm reteve apenas 28% dos indivíduos), sendo pouco evidente para a biomassa total (92% da biomassa). Por outro lado, em termos de profundidade de amostragem, o estrato de 0-10cm compreendeu quase todos os indivíduos (94% da abundância total), mas contribuiu apenas com 39% da biomassa total. Foram encontradas apenas relações significativas para o fator peneiras tanto para a diversidade N1 (ANOVA 2-way: F1;13=5,17; p=0,02) quanto para a estrutura das comunidades (ANOSIM 2-way: Rglobal= 0,142; p=0,002). Correlações significativas foram estabelecidas entre as variáveis nitrogênio total (r=0,860; p<0,0001), matéria orgânica (r=0,801; p<0,001) e microfitobentos (r=0,749; p=0,005 and r=0,795; p=0,002, para clorofila-a e feopigmentos, respectivamente) contra a abundância da fauna retida nas peneiras de 1,0mm e de 0,5mm. De modo geral, o macrobentos dos estuários estudados é composto por pequenas espécies (1,0-0,5mm), de modo que o uso da peneira de 0,5mm permite uma interpretação mais precisa dos dados; além disso, para a composição da fauna e abundância, a camada superficial (0-10cm) é claramente mais importante enquanto que, para biomassa, a camada de fundo (10-20cm) deve ser considerada. Para a avaliação da qualidade ambiental, o índice AMBI mostrou que todas as áreas estudadas apresentaram algum nível de distúrbio, variando de 2,395 (pouco poluído, Ariquindá) a 5,236 (fortemente poluído, Capibaribe). Em geral, todas as áreas estiveram dentro dos limites de pouco a moderadamente poluído, devido à grande proporção dos táxons Oligochaeta e Nematoda (espécies tolerantes, grupo ecológico III). O índice provou ser eficiente na detecção da qualidade desses estuários, embora sua aplicação para águas tropicais requeira algumas adaptações na classificação ecológica das espécies
Hinchey, Elizabeth K. "Organism -sediment interactions: The role of seabed dynamics in structuring the mesohaline York River macrobenthic community." W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616695.
Повний текст джерелаPUNZO, ELISA. "Ecological effects of offshore artificial structures at sea on macrobenthic and fish assemblages (NW Adriatic Sea)." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242965.
Повний текст джерелаThe extraction of natural gas represents one of the most relevant anthropogenic stressors affecting the Adriatic Sea, due to the high concentration of gas platforms. Moreover, the existing structures are approaching the end of their productive life and over the next years their decommissioning will be inevitable. To provide insights on the effects of offshore platforms on hosting ecosystems the thesis, taking into account a subsea well-site, a 4-leg platform and a 1-leg platform, has been built upon four main tasks: - quantity and biochemical composition of organic matter in the sediment; - abundance and biodiversity of macrobenthic communities; - abundance, biomass and biodiversity of fish assemblages; - diet of Scorpaena notata and S. porcus. The thesis showed higher chlorophyll-a and phaeopigment sedimentary contents at increasing distance from the 4-leg platform suggesting that structures with a complex architecture can mirror the ecosystem engineering behavior of branched corals living in incoherent sediments. Moreover, the results highlighted the aggregation effect of the artificial structures under scrutiny on fish assemblages, with higher abundance and biomass of fish close to the structures. The results evidenced also that the magnitude of the attraction is related to dimension, volume and design of the structures. Similar results emerged for macrobenthic communities, highlighting that dimension and complexity of structures have different effects on benthic communities, affecting amplitude and timing required to reach a new diversified community. Moreover, the results showed that the artificial structures can offer shelter and increase prey availability for the studied species, even if more clearly for S. notata than for S. porcus. In the light of these findings, a case-by-case evaluation of decommissioning options in the Adriatic Sea should be recommended to avoid any secondary effect on the established fish and benthic communities.
Coulon, Pierre. "Rôle du macrobenthos détritivore dans les écosystèmes littoraux :étude de l'holothurie Holothuria tubulosa, espèce commune des herbiers de posidonie en Méditerranée." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212681.
Повний текст джерелаIvol-Rigaut, Jeanne-Marie. "Hydro-écorégions et variabilité des communautés du macrobenthos sur le bassin de la Loire : essai de typologie régionale et référentiel faunistique." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10065.
Повний текст джерелаNunnally, Clifton Charles. "Macrobenthic community structure and total sediment respiration at cold hydrocarbon seeps in the northern Gulf of Mexico." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1155.
Повний текст джерелаLui, Tak-hang, and 呂德恒. "Macrobenthic faunal assemblages of a traditional tidal shrimp pond at Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29775346.
Повний текст джерелаHernandez-Arana, Hector Abuid. "Influence of natural and anthropogenic disturbance on the soft bottom macrobenthic community of the Campeche Bank, Mexico." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1780.
Повний текст джерелаGutiérrez, Rojas Carlos Fernando. "El macrobentos de fondo blando somero de Bahía Independencia, Pisco, Perú, asociado al evento La Niña 2007." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7330.
Повний текст джерелаSe investigó los cambios inducidos por el evento La Niña (LN) 2007 sobre el macrobentos de una estación fija a 32 m de profundidad en Bahía Independencia, Pisco, Ica. Los muestreos se realizaron mensualmente entre noviembre del 2006 y junio del 2008, incluyeron muestras de macrobentos y datos de concentración de oxígeno disuelto y temperatura en el fondo. El enfriamiento del evento LN se extendió 9 meses, de mayo de 2007 a enero de 2008. Sin embargo, el periodo considerado LN oficialmente se extendió desde mayo a diciembre de 2007. La concentración de oxígeno disuelto cerca al fondo del mar tuvo valores de hipoxia (<0,05 mL/L) durante el periodo Pre LN, alcanzando el valor de 1,04 mL/L durante LN; y luego en el periodo denominado Post LN la concentración de oxígeno disminuyó alcanzando valores de hipóxia de 0,21 – 0,37 mL/L. El número de especies, densidad y biomasa en peso seco sin ceniza (PSSC) de la comunidad de macrobentos fueron diferentes entre las fases Pre-LN, LN y Post-LN. Durante LN la densidad del macrobentos alcanzó valores dos a tres veces mayores respecto a lo reportado durante las etapas pre y post-LN. Además, el número de especies y PSSC mostraron un comportamiento similar. Se concluye que los efectos biológicos del evento LN 2007 en Bahía Independencia fueron complejos y modulados por la concentración de oxígeno disuelto, durante la cual se observaron cambios ampliamente positivos en la estructura comunitaria del macrobentos destacando los poliquetos.
Tesis
Lui, Tak-hang. "Macrobenthic faunal assemblages of a traditional tidal shrimp pond at Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20897455.
Повний текст джерелаKanandjembo, Angie-Riitta Nangula. "Fish and macrobenthic faunas of the upper Swan Estuary: Interrelationships and possible influence of a dinoflagellatae bloom." Thesis, Kanandjembo, Angie-Riitta Nangula (1998) Fish and macrobenthic faunas of the upper Swan Estuary: Interrelationships and possible influence of a dinoflagellatae bloom. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 1998. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51980/.
Повний текст джерелаSturdivant, S. Kersey. "The Effects of Hypoxia on Macrobenthic Production and Function in the lower Rappahannock River, Chesapeake Bay, USA." W&M ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616867.
Повний текст джерелаAdda, Michele. "Possible ecological effects of continuous hydraulic sediment removal as an alternative to dredging at a small port entrance (Cervia, northern Adriatic Sea)." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаMedeiros, Carlinda Railly Ferreira. "Padrões de distribuição das comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em estuários tropicais." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2753.
Повний текст джерелаMade available in DSpace on 2017-03-08T11:48:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Carlinda Raílly Ferreira Medeiros.pdf: 19271208 bytes, checksum: 6edbd98fe784b3bffa46e2f726c5002e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Understanding the composition and distribution of biological communities in landscape or region level, in the face of environmental conditions is a major challenge faced by the scientific community. Understanding these processes provides information on the functioning of ecosystems, facilitating decision-making aimed at conserving biodiversity. Thus, this work consists of two chapters, whose aims are, respectively: (i) assess whether the benthic macroinvertebrate communities in response to environmental factors of tropical estuaries, and (ii) assess whether the beta diversity of macrobenthic communities are structured by turnover (i.e., replacement of species) or nesting (i.e., nested subsets of species). The communities of benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled in two tropical estuaries, the estuary of the Paraíba do Norte River and Mamanguape, in the dry and wet seasons. The estuaries have differences in terms of use and occupation of land in the drainage basin. In each estuary, was previously defined the estuarine gradient being established four subtidal zones. In each area, three collection points were set with 3 sample units each. In the first chapter, in addition to samples of benthic macroinvertebrates subtidal, data were considered regarding the environmental factors measured in each estuary. The persistence of benthic macroinvertebrates, and the variability of environmental factors between seasonal periods and zones of the estuarine gradient was evaluated by the distance of the points from their centroids in the dimensional space. The higher proportions of contributions for each seasonal period and zones of the estuarine gradient were identified by analyzing the percentage of similarity (SIMPER). In the heavily impacted estuary, during the dry season, the environmental factors were more variable and communities of benthic macroinvertebrates were more persistent. In the estuary with lesser degrees of anthropogenic influences, environmental factors were more variable in the wet season, where communities were more persistent. The highest rate of contribution ratios in the estuary with higher anthropogenic influences in both seasonal periods was recorded for Laeonereis gender indicator organically enriched sites. In the estuary with the lowest degree of anthropogenic influence, Polypedilum was the taxa with major contributions of ecosystems, facilitating decision-making aimed at conserving measured in each estuary. The persistence of benthic to both seasonal periods, which is a genre associated with better local environmental quality. In conclusion, the environmental variability boosted the persistence of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in tropical estuaries. For the second chapter, the sample design was designed hierarchically and applied the additive partitioning method of diversity to determine the hierarchy with the highest dissimilarity (beta diversity) in the composition of benthic communities. The general beta diversity was measured by the dissimilarity index of Sorensen and partitioned in turnover and nesting components. The greatest dissimilarity in the composition of the communities occurred between the zones along the estuarine gradient in both seasons (dry = 58.6%; wet = 46.3%). In the estuary with the lowest degree of anthropogenic influence, regardless of the season, benthic macroinvertebrate diversity was generated by turnover. In the heavily impacted estuary, during the dry season, beta diversity was structured by turnover, while in the wet season it was structured by a combination of the two mechanisms. We conclude that the principal mechanism responsible for beta diversity in benthic macroinvertebrate communities of tropical estuaries is turnover (i.e., species substitution). As a general conclusion of the dissertation, the main approaches considered in this study (persistence of communities, additive partitioning and general beta diversity) were important tools for understanding the ecological processes that generate the distribution of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in tropical estuaries. These approaches should be taken into consideration in the development of projects aimed at management of estuarine ecosystems and consequent biodiversity conservation.
Compreender a composição e distribuição das comunidades biológicas em nível de paisagem ou região, frente às condições do ambiente é um dos principais desafios enfrentados pela comunidade cientifica. A compreensão desses processos proporciona a obtenção de informações sobre o funcionamento dos ecossistemas, facilitando a tomada de decisões voltadas à conservação da biodiversidade. Assim, esta dissertação é composta por dois capítulos, cujos objetivos são, respectivamente: (i) avaliar a persistência das comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em resposta aos fatores ambientais de estuários tropicais, e (ii) avaliar se a diversidade beta das comunidades macrobentônicas são estruturadas por turnover (i.e. substituição de espécies) ou aninhamento (i. e. aninhado subconjunto de espécies). As comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos foram amostradas em dois estuários tropicais, o estuário do Rio Paraíba do Norte e Rio Mamanguape, no período de seca e chuva. Os estuários possuem diferenças em termos de uso e ocupação do solo na bacia de drenagem. Em cada estuário, foi previamente definido o gradiente estuarino, sendo estabelecidas quatro zonas subtidais. Em cada zona, foram definidos 3 pontos de coleta, com 3 unidades amostrais cada. No primeiro capítulo, além das amostras de macroinvertebrados bentônicos subtidais, foram utilizados dados dos fatores ambientais mensurados em cada ponto dos estuários. A persistência da macrofauna bentônica, assim como a variabilidade dos fatores ambientais entre os períodos sazonais e zonas do gradiente estuarino, foi avaliada através da distância dos pontos em relação aos seus centroides no espaço dimensional. Os taxa que apresentaram maiores proporções de contribuições aninhado subconjuntos de espécies). As comunidades de para cada período sazonal e zonas do gradiente estuarino foram identificados através da análise de porcentagem de similaridade (SIMPER). No estuário com maior grau de influência antrópica (Paraíba do Norte), os fatores ambientais foram mais variáveis no período de seca e as comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos foram mais persistentes. No estuário com menor grau de influência antrópica (Mamanguape), os fatores ambientais foram mais variáveis no período de chuva, onde as comunidades foram mais persistentes. A maior proporção de contribuição de taxa no estuário com maior influência antrópica, em ambos os períodos sazonais, foi registrada para o gênero Laeonereis (Polychaeta), indicador de locais organicamente enriquecidos. No estuário com menor influência antrópica, Polypedilum (Diptera) foi o gênero com maior contribuição para ambos os períodos sazonais, sendo este um gênero associado a locais com melhor qualidade ambiental. Em conclusão, a variabilidade ambiental gerou a persistência das comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em estuários tropicais. Para o segundo capítulo, o desenho amostral foi delineado hierarquicamente e aplicado o método de partição aditiva da diversidade para determinar a escala hierárquica com maior dissimilaridade (diversidade beta) na composição das comunidades bentônicas. A diversidade beta geral foi mensurada através do índice de dissimilaridade de Sore nsen e particionado nos componentes turnover e aninhamento. A maior dissimilaridade na composição das comunidades ocorreu entre as zonas do gradiente estuarino (seca = 58,1%; chuva = 35,3%). No estuário com menor influência antrópica, a diversidade beta das comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos foi gerada por turnover em ambos os períodos sazonais. No estuário mais impactado, a diversidade beta foi estruturada por turnover no período de seca, enquanto que no período de chuva a combinação dos dois mecanismos gerou a diversidade beta. Em conclusão, o principal mecanismo responsável pela diversidade beta das comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos de estuários tropicais foi o turnover. Como conclusão geral da dissertação, as principais abordagens consideradas neste estudo (persistência das comunidades, particionamento aditivo e diversidade beta geral), foram ferramentas relevantes para a compreensão dos processos ecológicos que geram a distribuição das comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em estuários tropicais. Essas abordagens devem ser levadas em consideração no desenvolvimento de projetos voltados à gestão de ecossistemas estuarinos e consequente conservação da biodiversidade.
Liu, Ha Trieu Hung [Verfasser], Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Asmus, and Matthias [Gutachter] Leippe. "Macrobenthos diversity and ecology of a Chinese mudflat in the East China Sea / Ha Trieu Hung Liu ; Gutachter: Matthias Leippe ; Betreuer: Harald Asmus." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1213725879/34.
Повний текст джерелаPrantoni, Alessandro Lívio. "Variabilidade espacial do macrobentos em uma área de plataforma interna próxima à desembocadura da Baía de Paranaguá - Paraná - Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/24911.
Повний текст джерелаPeña, Baca Tania Sarith. "Respuestas de la comunidad del macrobentos de la Bahía de Ancón a las señales locales y remotas de El Niño." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/804.
Повний текст джерела--- The variations of the oceanographic and atmospheric parameters related to El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have an impact on the marine and terrestrial communities, changing their distribution and abundance. The relationship between the local and remote abiotic parameters, and the responses of the soft-bottom macrobenthic community of Ancon Bay to these parameters during EN, was analysed. The local and remote abiotic time series and also the biological time series of the macrobenthos of Ancon Bay belong to the period March, 1990 to September, 2000, which includes two El Niño. The strong influence of both, local and remote abiotic parameters, on the macrobenthic community of Ancon Bay was demonstrated. The increase of the biomass of both, the community and the species, was slower than that of the density. It was also concluded that the responses of the species to EN would be related to their r- and K-strategist characteristics. The opportunists (r-strategist), such the polychaetes Paraprionospio pinnata, Owenia collaris, the ophiuroid Ophiactis kröyeri and the phoronid Phoronis sp., are earlier or simultaneous to the onset of EN events; on the other hand, the competitors (K-strategist), such the nemertine undet. 1, the bivalve Pitar catharius, the polychaete Leitoscoloplos chilensis and the decapod Pinnixa valdiviensis are delayed to EN events.
Tesis