Дисертації з теми "LVE range"

Numerical simulations using the Penn State University/NCAR MM4 model are performed to examine a stably stratified, zonal easterly flow past large scale three-dimensional mountain ranges in a rotating, initially barotropic, atmosphere. Upstream blocking by the mountain range diverts the flow primarily to the south and around the mountain. Conservation of potential vorticity results in the formation of a horizontal jet at low levels south of the mountain. This jet is barotropically unstable and leads to a continuous production of synoptic scale vorticity maxima which separate from the mountain and propagate downstream. Numerical simulations using topography representative of the Sierra Madre in Mexico imply that this mechanism may be important in providing some of the initial disturbances which grow into tropical cyclones in the eastern North Pacific Ocean. The wave train produced in the simulations corresponds to waves with 3-7 day periods which have been identified observationally in the eastern North Pacific region. The sensitivity of this effect to the stability of the basic state and the upstream wind speed is investigated. Simulations are also performed which show that the Hoggar and Atlas mountains of west-central Africa block the low-level easterlies resulting in a barotropically unstable jet and a train of vorticity maxima which separate from the mountain and propagate downstream. The spacing of these disturbances is roughly 1600 km and they propagate to the east with a period of about 2.5 days. These characteristics correspond to those of observed waves in the Africa/Atlantic region. It will also be shown that the unique topography of north-central Africa results in a mid-tropospheric easterly jet which has a maximum between 0-10°E and 15-20°N. The location and magnitude of this jet correspond to the so-called African easterly jet which is usually attributed to the strong surface temperature gradients over the continent of Africa. The numerical simulations presented in this work suggest that the mechanical effect of the topography may provide a constant source of energy for the maintenance of the African easterly jet.

A novel approach employing 4G LTE Cellular Technology for Test Range Telemetry is presented. Providing aeronautical mobile telemetry using commercial off the shelf (COTS) cellular equipment poses many challenges, including: Three-dimensional (3D) coverage, need for uninterrupted high data throughputs, and very high Doppler speeds of the Test Articles (TA). Each of these requirements is difficult to meet with a standard cellular approach. We present a novel architecture that provides 3D coverage over the span of a test range, allowing the TA to establish a radio link with base stations that have a manageable Doppler due to the reduced projected TA speed on the radio link line. Preliminary results illustrate that a variety of flight plans can be accommodated with commercial LTE technology by employing LTE’s mobility mechanisms and adding centralized control. The resulting network architecture and Radio Access Network topology allow very high throughputs to be delivered throughout the test range with a judicious placement of base stations.

The 3GPP LTE standard was primarily designed for terrestrial cellular usage. The potential use of LTE for cellular range telemetry produces some unique technical challenges for LTE technology. In this paper we examine these challenges in detail, and through the use of system level simulations identify the sensitivity of the performance of LTE-based cellular range telemetry system performance to key factors such as the ground station antenna pattern and orientation, the propagation model assumed, the number of transmit and receive antenna at the ground station, altitude of the airborne test article, etc.

The use of heterogeneous networks is on the increase, fueled by consumer demand for more data. The main objective of heterogeneous networks is to increase capacity. They offer solutions for efficient use of spectrum, load balancing and improvement of cell edge coverage amongst others. However, these solutions have inherent challenges such as inter-cell interference and poor mobility management. In heterogeneous networks there is transmit power disparity between macro cell and pico cell tiers, which causes load imbalance between the tiers. Due to the conventional user-cell association strategy, whereby users associate to a base station with the strongest received signal strength, few users associate to small cells compared to macro cells. To counter the effects of transmit power disparity, cell range expansion is used instead of the conventional strategy. The focus of our work is on load balancing using cell range expansion (CRE) and network utility optimization techniques to ensure fair sharing of load in a macro and pico cell LTE Advanced heterogeneous network. The aim is to investigate how to use an adaptive cell range expansion bias to optimize Pico cell coverage for load balancing. Reviewed literature points out several approaches to solve the load balancing problem in heterogeneous networks, which include, cell range expansion and utility function optimization. Then, we use cell range expansion, and logarithmic utility functions to design a load balancing algorithm. In the algorithm, user and base station associations are optimized by adapting CRE bias to pico base station load status. A price update mechanism based on a suboptimal solution of a network utility optimization problem is used to adapt the CRE bias. The price is derived from the load status of each pico base station. The performance of the algorithm was evaluated by means of an LTE MATLAB toolbox. Simulations were conducted according to 3GPP and ITU guidelines for modelling heterogeneous networks and propagation environment respectively. Compared to a static CRE configuration, the algorithm achieved more fairness in load distribution. Further, it achieved a better trade-off between cell edge and cell centre user throughputs. [Please note: this thesis file has been deferred until December 2016]

En tant qu'étape importante vers une société intelligente, hormis la communication d'humain à humain (H2H), les réseaux sans fil de l'avenir devraient prendre en charge la communication machine-à-machine (également connue sous le nom de MTC). Ce dernier est un nouveau paradigme de communication dans lequel les terminaux peuvent parler les uns avec les autres sans ou avec peu d'intervention humaine. Avec la prolifération rapide des applications M2M, un grand nombre de terminaux seront déployés dans de nombreux types d'applications telles que le comptage intelligent, l'automatisation de l'industrie, la télésanté, etc.Cependant, les réseaux sans fil actuels ne sont toujours pas prêts pour écouler correctement le trafic des MTC. La raison en est double. Tout d'abord, l'évolution du réseau sans fil vise à augmenter le débit et à réduire le délai. Deuxièmement, les caractéristiques spéciales des MTC, telles qu'un nombre très élevé de terminaux déployés, une petite charge utile mais une transmission fréquente, un emplacement souvent d'installation défavorable, etc., font que les exigences de H2H ne sont pas partagés par la plupart des cas d'utilisation M2M.À partir de l'état de l'art, nous distinguons deux orientations de recherche possibles pour gérer efficacement le trafic M2M: Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) et adaptation des réseaux cellulaires existants. Pour les deux pistes, les mécanismes d'accès radio, utilisés dans le réseau d'accès radio (RAN) sont d'une importance vitale pour assurer le succès de MTC. De ce point de vue, le mécanisme d'accès radio est le principal objectif de nos études. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons les contributions couvrant les aspects susmentionnés.Les contributions de cette thèse sont résumées dans les points suivants:Nous faisons état de l'art sur les études liées à l'efficacité énergétique des MTC de la littérature. La contribution principale de cette enquête est de passer en revue, classifier les travaux de recherche existants dans différentes catégories, et de comparer les avantages et les inconvénients entre les catégories. Nous parlons également des progrès de l'approche basée sur les LPWAN.Nous étudions l'impact de la diversité du niveau de puissance d'émission et du contrôle de puissance imparfait sur les systèmes LPWAN en slotted-ALOHA. Quelques directives de conception perspicaces sont obtenues en manipulant le modèle analytique établi.Nous étudions les performances du système LPWAN avec la diversité de la réception macro. En utilisant la géométrie stochastique, nous établissons des formules simples de forme fermée pour le taux de perte de paquets et le débit spatial. Ces formules sont très utiles pour analyser les réseaux LPWAN (en particulier dans les zones urbaines) et pour quantifier le gain de capacité du système. En rassemblant plusieurs résultats disponibles sur l'analyse de l'ALOHA pure, nous obtenons finalement un cadre de synthèse pour étudier le RAN de LPWAN.En termes d'adaptations au RAN des réseaux LTE, nous analysons d'abord le mécanisme d'accès aléatoire conventionnel dans LTE et identifions les inefficacités existantes. Nous proposons ensuite un service d'interrogation multipériodique pour les cas d'utilisation M2M périodiques. Le service proposé est comparé au mécanisme d'accès aléatoire conventionnel en LTE dans un modèle fluide. Les résultats numériques montrent que le service proposé réduit considérablement la consommation des ressources système telles que l'identificateur temporaire de réseau radio (RNTI), le bloc de ressources (RB) et a une efficacité énergétique supérieure en raison de l'évitement de la procédure d'accès aléatoire et des messages de signalisation associés
As a key step toward a smart society, apart from the Human-to-Human (H2H) communication, the future wireless networks, are expected to accommodate Machine-to-Machine Communication (also known as Machine Type Communication (MTC)). The latter is a new communication paradigm in which the devices can talk with each other without or with little human intervention. With the rapid proliferation of M2M applications, a huge number of devices will be deployed in many types of use cases such as smart metering, industry automation, e-health, etc. However, the current wireless networks are still not ready to hold traffic from MTC. The reason is twofold. First, the evolution of the wireless network seeks for higher throughput and lower latency. Second, the special features that MTC exhibits, such as huge number of deployed devices, small payload but frequent transmission, adverse installation location, etc., lead to that the requirements by H2H are no longer required by most of M2M use cases.From the state-of-the-art work, we find that two possible research orientations to efficiently handle M2M traffic: Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) and adaption of the existing cellular networks. For both of them, the radio access mechanisms, used in Radio Access Network (RAN), is vitally important to make MTC a promising technology. From this view, radio access mechanism is the main focus of our studies. In this thesis, we present the contributions covering the aforementioned aspects: performance evaluation of ALOHA-based LPWAN networks, and a polling service that is an extension to RAN of LTE networks for periodic M2M traffic.The contributions of this thesis are summarized on the following axis: We make a survey about the energy efficiency related studies in the literatures. The main contribution in this survey is to review, classify the existing research works into different categories, and compare the pros and cons between categories. We also review the advances of the LPWAN related study. We study the impact of transmit power level diversity and imperfect power control to the slotted ALOHA based LPWAN systems. Some insightful design guidelines are obtained by manipulating the established analytical model. We study the performance of LPWAN system with macro reception diversity. By stochastic geometry, we get simple closed-form formulas for the packet loss rate and spatial throughput, which were unknown before. These formulas are very useful to analyze LPWAN networks (especially in urban areas) and to quantify the system capacity gain. By gathering several available results about the analysis of non slotted ALOHA, we finally get a synthesis framework to study the RAN of LPWAN. In terms of adaptations to RAN of LTE networks, we first analyze the conventional random access mechanism in LTE and identify the existing inefficiencies. We then propose a multiple period polling service for periodic M2M use cases. The proposed service is compared with conventional random access mechanism in LTE in a fluid model. The numerical results show that the proposed service dramatically reduces the consumption of system resources such as Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI), Resource Block (RB) and has a higher energy efficiency due to the avoidance of random access procedure and related signaling messages

A fifteen month experiment was conducted to study the pattern of utilization of Lehmann lovegrass by cows during different seasons at three stocking rates on four patch types (grazed, open; grazed, under-mesquite; mowed, artificial; and ungrazed control) at the Santa Rita Experimental Range. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of standing biomass, proportion of green material and nutrient content of patch types on the relative time cattle grazed patch types. Cattle biting rate on patch types was also measured. Height of leaves and flowers, dry biomass (kg/ha and %), green biomass (kg/ha) and total biomass were greater on ungrazed patches. Proportion of green was greater in grazed than ungrazed patches. Protein, phosphorus, Calcium and IVDMD were higher in green and complete samples of grazed than ungrazed patches. Cattle concentrated grazing upon upland, open grazed patches and under-mesquite canopy. These selected areas were higher in proportion of green biomass and nutrient value and lower in total standing crop and total green biomass than ungrazed areas. Nutrient density, rather than biomass appeared to govern cattle grazing.

Tannins are polyphenolic compounds which precipitate, or conjugate, with proteins to make them indigestible. Tannins appear to confer anti-herbivore defense in shrub live oak (Quercus turbinella), a common browse in the interior chaparral of Central Arizona. The results of the present study indicate that the rumen microflora in goats can adapt to tannin rich diets thereby increasing in vitro dry matter digestibility of shrub live oak leaves. Major digestion inhibitors of shrub live oak appear to be fiber content (NDF, ADF, and lignin) and presence of condensed tannins in the leaves. In vitro dry matter digestibility of oak leaves appears to be higher in rumen microflora from goats than in rumen microflora from cows, although further research is needed to determine digestive efficiency among these species.

Systems of Systems are becoming more the norm in technology applied to tactical military systems. Because of this it is necessary to greatly simplify the way telemetry data is formatted and shared with other systems that depend on near real-time information. This is becoming necessary for developmental testing, operational testing and tactical training in realistic battlefield environments. Interoperable data is necessary to fuse Live, Virtual, and Constructive (LVC) participants to create realistic actual and synthetic environments for both testing and training. This need for simplified data communications is important for testing and training to link participants at different ranges, as well as to link distributed instrumentation capabilities within a single range. Live systems are either deployed tactical systems or developmental systems being evaluated for deployment. Virtual systems consist of actual tactical hardware and software operated in a laboratory environment rather than installed on operating tactical platforms (e.g. aircraft, ships or vehicles) in order to provide realistic data feeds without the expense of operating tactical platforms. Constructive participants consist of models or simulations to provide realistic effects (e.g. weather, electromagnetic threats, adjacent tactical elements, etc.) that are not available, affordable, or practical to use real assets. This Paper will describe the on-going efforts, including successes and lessons learned to-date at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico.

Deuterium ratios (δD) of hydrated volcanic glass have been used to reconstruct paleoenvironments, although the reliability and proper sample preparation protocol have been debated. In this study, hydrated volcanic ash samples from the lee of the Cascades were prepared using two separate methods. Method 1 involves sonicating and rinsing samples with hydrochloric acid (HCl) followed by hand-selection of glass shards (125-212µm). Method 2 requires hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) abrasion as well as heavy liquid separation of shards (70-150µm). Method 2 produced more consistent results with decreased intra-replicate variability in both water content (-0.92 wt. %) and deuterium values (-2.5‰ δD). Method 2 δD values of ≥99% isotropic glass were also 2.5-10 % more negative relative to Method 1 values, with an increasing discrepancy with age (3.68-32.66 Ma). Method 2 results suggest volcanic glass did not re-equilibrate with modern water, based on 1) < 2‰ discrepancies between samples of the same ash flow taken from unique sample localities and 2) a ~20‰ difference between samples of different ages (~8 Ma apart) from the same locality. These results support the specified use of HF abrasion and heavy liquid separation on 70-150 µm glass shards to minimize the impact of contaminants on reconstructed paleowater δD values.

Two trials were conducted to demonstrate diet selected by grazing cattle. Selection criteria were investigated on the basis of cattle selection for plant species, green leaf in preference to dry leaf or dry stem and the chemical contents of esophageal samples versus those in the standing crop. The influence of residual old vegetation on selection ability was studied by mowing all or part of the pasture. Cattle consumed Lehmann lovegrass in preference to shrubby species (Table 1). The esophageal samples contained higher levels of protein, phosphorus and IVDMD than that in the standing crop in both Trial 1 and Trial 2. Neutral detergent fiber was higher in the standing crop than in the esophageal samples, whereas in Trial 2, there appeared to be no difference in NDF. Removal of old vegetation by mowing had no effect on selection for plant parts. Cattle selected green leaf, in preference to dry leaf or dry stem regardless of the presence of old material. Free ranging cattle selected a diet that was higher in nutrient density and more digestible than the available forage.

Soit G un groupe de Lie semisimple (de rang supérieur) et Γ un sous-groupe discret Zariski dense de G (de covolume infini). Dans cette thèse, on traite de deux questions reliées au cône limite de Benoist de Γ : l’une de marche aléatoire et l’autre de mélange topologique du flot directionnel des chambres de Weyl. Dans l’introduction, on énonce les résultats principaux de cette thèse dans leur contexte. Le second chapitre comporte des rappels sur les groupes de Lie et les éléments loxodromiques. Dans le troisième chapitre, on réalise tous les points de l’intérieur du cône limite par des vecteurs de Lyapunov. Dans le quatrième chapitre, on construit des coordonnées locales de G ainsi que des outils cruciaux pour la suite. Dans le cinquième chapitre, on introduit les ensembles invariants naturels de G. Dans le dernier chapitre de cette thèse, on prouve le critère de mélange topologique des flots directionnels réguliers des chambres de Weyl obtenu avec O. Glorieux et on généralise partiellement ce critère de mélange à Γ\G pour une classe de groupes de Lie incluant SL(n, R), SL(n, C), SO (p, p + 2)
Let G be a semisimple Lie group (of higher rank) and Γ a Zariski dense subgroup of G (of infinite covolume). In this thesis, we discuss two questions related to the Benoist limit cone of Γ : one concerns random walks, the other topological mixing of the directional Weyl chamber flow. In the introduction, we state the main results of this thesis in their context. In the second chapter, we recall some general facts about Lie groups and loxodromic elements. In the third chapter, we prove that every point of the interior of the limit cone is a Lyapunov vector. In the fourth chapter, we construct local coordinates of G and give key tools for the remaining parts. In the fifth chapter, we introduce the invariant subsets of G. In the last chapter of this thesis, we prove the topological mixing criterion of regular directional Weyl chamber flow obtained with O. Glorieux and we generalize this criterion to Γ\G for a class of Lie groups including SL(n, R), SL(n, C), SO(p, p + 2)

Denna kandidatuppsats består av en egen översättning från engelska till svenska av första kapitlet från författaren Jesse Lee Petersons verk From Rage to Responsibility: Black Conservative Jesse Lee Peterson and America Today. Uppsatsen består dessutom av en källtextanalys samt översättningskommentarer som exemplifierar och diskuterar översättarens tillvägagångssätt i att åstadkomma en översättning som uppnår dess syfte. Syftet har primärt varit att överföra källtextinnehållet till måltexten och den djupare förståelse som förmedlas relaterat till ilska, självinsikt, förlåtelse och ansvar, på ett sätt som samtidigt bevarar författarstilen i möjligaste mån. Detta inkluderar en överföring av författarens lättsamma stil och användning av verbala och talspråkliga drag, idiom och kulturreferenser, samt en anpassning av syntax. För att åstadkomma detta har framförallt översättningsteorier och begrepp från Benjamin Walter och Theo Hermans tillämpats under översättningsprocessen och i översättningskommentarerna.
This essay is based on my own translation of the first chapter of author Jesse Lee Peterson’s work From Rage to Responsibility: Black Conservative Jesse Lee Peterson and America Today, in the language pair English to Swedish. The essay also includes a source text analysis, as well as a commentary on my own translation, where the translator’s approach in achieving a target text that accomplishes its aim is discussed and exemplified. The aim has primarily been to transfer the source text’s ideational core to the target text and the deeper understanding that is being conveyed, regarding rage, insight, forgiveness and responsibility, in an equivalent manner which stays faithful to the style of the author, to the extent that is considered possible. This includes the transference of the author’s cultural references, easy going and simple stylistic approach, along with the informal and colloquial language use, as well as a syntactic target language adaptation. To achieve this, the ideas and terms from the translation theorists Benjamin Walter and Theo Hermans have been applied during the translation process and in the commentary.

In the last decades, the multi-scale approach has gained wide attention for studying and understanding the mechanisms affecting the performance of asphalt mixtures. According to such approach, the asphalt mixture could be seen as an assemblage of components of different length scales, each with its own mechanical properties, and thanks to the investigation on these lower scales a scale-wise insight can be gained and used to capture phenomena not considered in continuum approaches. This Thesis is focused on the interrelation between the Fine Aggregate Matrix (FAM) the asphalt mixtures. Fine aggregates, filler, binder and air voids compose the FAM, which represents the intermediate scale between mastic and asphalt mixture. This phase has a critical role in the overall performance evaluation of asphalt mixture and the simplicity, efficiency and the lower costs/times required to study the FAM make it a very attractive specification-type approach. However, despite the growing interest on FAM testing, there are some concerns about proper FAM mix design. Moreover, there are many lacks in predicting the performances of asphalt mixtures from the FAM phase. The primary objective of this Thesis was the identification of a design method for FAM, which allows recreating the FAM phase, as it exists within the asphalt mixture. The selected design method has shown promising results and seems quite accurate in reproducing the FAM within the asphalt mixture. The second issue which is pursued in this Thesis, is a multi-scale approach based on the rheological 2S2P1D model, allowing to interrelate the four material scales (from binder to asphalt mixture). Firstly, it was verified that the 2S2P1D model remains valid for FAM in the Linear ViscoElastic (LVE) range and that it could adequately fit experimental data of FAM. Then, it was possible to relate the different phases thanks to the definition of interrelationships between one model parameter. The interrelation between the asphalt mixture and the corresponding FAM could be used to predict the rheological properties of the asphalt mixtures starting from FAM tests. This methodology allows making reliable forecasts of the LVE behaviour of the asphalt mixtures, as demonstrated by the results of validation tests. Future developments will investigate other volumetric compositions of mixes, to study the influence of microstructural and volumetric characteristics on the model parameters.

碩士
國立中央大學
通訊工程學系
101
With the popularity of smart phones and tablets，in addition to phone calls and SMS，browsing web and using APP are indispensable for clients。 These behavior require low latency and high traffic，the LTE，the next generation of mobile communication networks is toward to improve these goals。Although the LTE-Advanced which is the mobile communication network in the future is not commercialized，but related research have been in progress，for example，Carrier aggregation、Advanced MIMO、 CoMP、 Heterogeneous network。 This thesis discusses the issues in heterogeneous networks，in which there are some macro base stations with some low power base stations。And I study the handover behavior in heterogeneous networks and how to offload clients to the low power base stations efficiently to improve throughput and interference cancellation。The 3GPP has proposed two mechanisms to improve the above problems which are the CRE and the ABSF。In this thesis I propose a dynamic CRE mechanism different from the CRE。Compared to CRE，dynamic CRE can improve throughput and interference cancellation much more。 Finally I use the LTE-Sim for simulation，and get performance measure such as throughput, delay, channel quality, fairness for comparison of my proposed scheme and the original CRE。

碩士
國立臺灣大學
電信工程學研究所
102
As all-IP network is deployed in the near future, voice over LTE (VoLTE) is considered as a solution to provide voice service in LTE network. The explosion of demands for mobile data also spurs LTE to maintain the data rate of cell-edge user. Allocating resource for data and voice usage properly is important. In thesis, there are two kinds of resource of downlink air interface. One is resource block (RB) and another is control channel (CCH) which is used to assign RBs for a user. We use semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) to simulate the result of resource allocation with voice traffic. And we compare the metrics as MOS, R-value and capacity with dynamic scheduling (DS). The number of CCH resources which we needed is significantly reduced by using SPS. Cell range expansion (CRE) is a newly discussed cell association method, and we formulate the solution as an optimization problem which is aim to maximize the summation of two Jain’s fairness indices (JFIs) fractions of virtual load and log normalized throughput by adjusting the CRE bias. The approach is to adjust CRE bias with constrained particle swarm optimization (PSO) to maximize the goal. The aim is to get a proper CRE bias to let voice capacity and 5%-tile data rate increase.

碩士
國立中央大學
通訊工程學系在職專班
101
Customer complaints usually come from cell edge users. For 2G/3G complaints, one of the most commonly used improvement methods by on-site personnel is to adjust the correlation power of the covered area. This is relatively similar to the technologies within LTE, which are CRE (cell range expansion) and SFR (soft frequency reuse). This thesis is an in-depth study of the usability of pico cell SFR and also performs an integrated study of both the SFR and CRE technologies, analyzing their influences, restrictions, and interrelations for the down links and differences between urban areas and rural areas. And finally, conclude a simple adjustment method and recommended value for on-site personnel to use as a reference to improve the throughput of cell edge users. Our analysis and simulation results indicated that the adjusted value of both SFR and CRE should not be too large. Also, although SFR is able to improve the throughput of cell edge users, it’s usually a trade-off with the average throughput. However, at rural areas where there are better pico cell channel qualities, a suitable adjusted value of pico cell SFR was able to improve the throughput for 5% of pico cell users by 18% and improve the average throughput by 2%. The throughput of 5% of the users and the average throughput in the overall system were able to be increased by almost 2%. In addition, for pico cell CRE problems that caused the user to get blocked or dropped, when used with pico cell SFR, there was an approximately 1~4% improvement. As for the simple adjustment method that we concluded, simulation results showed that it was usable.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
人類學研究所
100
This article is abou how Ngāti Rangi Maori have interations with Mt. Ruapehu, which is their wāhi tapu, in different historical contexts. By interactions, the cultural meaning of wāhi tapu connects the ancestral past and group’s identity in the present. When actors, such as scientists, government and ski company, brought different ways to understand landscape and wished to conduct volcanic hazard management, the way Ngāti Rangi Maori regard Mt. Ruapehu as their group identity became more and more clear. This understanding has become Ngāti Rangi Maori’s practice as well as discourse to negotiate with the others and to claim their rights for environmental management. This thesis discusses different ways of interactions between Ngāti Rangi people and Mt. Ruapehu, and how Ngāti Rangi people understand landscape. I argue that tapu is the core value of how they understand landscape. Different interactions between people and the mountain are related to the knowledge of tapu, and this knowledge has been keeping while changing through times.

This dissertation is an interdisciplinary analysis of activists in contemporary Montreal whose bodies are marked by the intersections of sexuality, race, ethnicity, colonization, gender, and class. I apply José Esteban Muñoz’s theory of disidentification, as read through Giorgio Agamben’s conceptualization of “whatever being,” to life story interviews collected from eight activists as well as to my own life narrative in order to interrogate and explore our construction of singular spaces—disidentificatory spaces—for ourselves. Within these spaces, we discover meaningful ways to belong without subjecting ourselves to the discursive demands of identification or non-identification. By focusing my study on three institutional aspects of our lives—family, citizenship, and activism—I show how our histories provide us with citations that disrupt the dominant narratives that aim to structure our lives in increasingly invasive, oppressive, and violent ways. In this respect, Montreal is an intriguing site for such disruptions to take place: a multicultural city in the North/West built on colonized land wherein sexual rights and freedoms commingle with language and nationalist politics to become a constant source of tension among its denizens. Thus, I argue that an expression of affect and emotion produced within a disidentifactory space is vital for minoritized subjects to negotiate this messiness, for disidentification itself is a messy process. I conclude by demonstrating that engaging with this messy process is necessary to the production of new forms of sociality, laying the path to a hopeful future that Muñoz calls “queer utopia.

碩士
國立中央大學
通訊工程學系
102
In the age of information explosion, intelligent personal mobile devices are also increasingly popular. With hardware of these devices upgrading, traditional dial phone, sending and receiving text messages, and browsing the web have been unable to fit demand. The next generation 4G mobile network will have high transmission rate, low latency and seamless handover that we should be improved toward these goals. For the LTE-Advanced system, there are many relating researches developed step by step. For example, there are many issues such as heterogeneous networks, Carrier Aggregation, Coordinated Multipoint and so on to study. This thesis focuses on the handover issues in heterogrneous networks. Heterogeneous networks mean the environment that put number of low-power eNodeBs under the traditional eNodeB coverage. Therefore, how to effectively increase overall performance of user traffic, and not to generate significant interference to traditional eNodeB are important issues for study. The 3GPP proposed two mechanisms, CRE and ABSF to solving these problems, and this thesis further deliver a dynamic handover parameter mechanism and a dynamic CRE in the system, to achieve much better throughput and lower probability of cutoff (Radio Link Failure).

American Idiot, the Broadway musical by the band Green Day and theater veteran Michael Mayer, embodies the experience of a generation of Americans. The story revolves around youths coming of age during the presidency of George W. Bush, living through the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, two wars, ever increasing media and technology saturation, and a breakdown of the suburban ideal. As the primary theme and the driving force in the dramatic action of American Idiot, the characters’ internal struggle between rage and love is reinforced through several devices present in the music. There are four notable ones. First, allusion to a variety of rock styles and songs highlight themes of disillusionment, alienation, and false hope. Second, the use of recurring musical material draws connections in the storyline, promotes continuity, and creates foreshadowing. Third, the modification of songs from their original versions reinforce dramatic climaxes, and fourth, the use of specific styles to represent characters adds to their depth and significance. In order to provide context for the musical, this thesis will examine some of its antecedents and influences. The three most important of these are the history of Green Day and its members, the position of American Idiot in the rock opera genre, and the transformation of the original 2004 album into the 2010 Broadway musical. Finally, an examination of youth and suburbia in America at the turn of the twenty-first century will demonstrate the connection to themes expressed in the narrative of American Idiot.

Bibliography: leaves 308-317.
xiv, 317 leaves : ill., maps (some col.) ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, 1995?

碩士
臺北市立大學
兒童發展碩士學位學程
102
This research explores the relationship improvement between a mother and child. Using narrative research method first person way to write mother’s story. The subject study including : The appearance that mother got along with child, the process that mother learning to improve the parent-child relationship, and the current status after improvement The research results is as following : Ⅰ. The reason the mother doesn’t love child 1.Child was born at not right timing : The mother is not ready to welcome the coming for the new life. The pregnancy is all about to keep the relation with husband. 2.Discipline between 2 generation : The child was taken care by grand mother before 3 years old. Due to the grand mother spoil the child, but the mother can not take whatever the child want. 3.Discipline between couple : The husband using ignore way to discipline the child, although mother know he is wrong , but she take it anyway. And use the wrong way to deal with the child. 4.Difference between brothers or sisters : Mother is not fair to the children. That is , mother like the superior child more, that cause the child not been love so much will have worse relationship. Ⅱ. Through the learning, then improve the parent-child relationship, the learning contents are : 1.Understand “Listening” , can understand the need from what child is thinking . 2.Utilize “My message” , Increase the cooperation behavior with child 3.By “Encourage” , to get the confidence about discipline, get harmony between parent-child Ⅲ. Through the learning improve, the mother and child status: Because mother willing to contribute and pay effort, make the parent-child relationship is getting better. Finally, out of this story, about the research process to make discussion and introspection and suggestion.

Short summary: Background: High cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease is partly due to mineral dysbalance, microinflammation and oxidative stress. CKD patients accumulate traditional and non-traditional CV risk factors. FGF23, MMPs and PlGF belong among these non-traditional biomarkers of CV risk. FGF23 is a phosphaturic hormone and inhibitor of calcitriol synthesis. It is associated with vascular calcifications. Matrix-metalloproteinases (e.g. MMP-2, MMP-9) are proteolytic, proinflammatory enzymes, contributing to myocardial remodelation. Placental growth factor (PlGF) is a proangiogenic cytokine that is associated with LV hypertrophy in animal model. Plasmatic FGF23, MMPs and PlGF are elevated in CKD. Aim: We aimed to describe dynamic changes between several novel biomarkers of CV risk (FGF23, MMP-2, MMP-9 and PlGF) in CKD stages 1-5, to describe their mutual correlations and possible association with traditional CV risk markers. We studied possible association of laboratory and echocardiographic parameters in patients with CKD stages 2-4. Methods: In a cross-sectional study we evaluated 80 patiens with CKD 1-5 and 44 healthy controls. In a prospective study we evaluated echocardiographic and laboratory parameters in 62 patients with CKD 2-4 for an average study period of 36±10...