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Статті в журналах з теми "Low surface"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 вересня 2024

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1

NAKA, Sachiko, Eiichi AOYAMA, Toshiki HIROGAKI, Yoshiaki ONCHI, Keiji OGAWA, and Kentaro OKU. "Ultra-low Pressure Super-finishing to Produce Nano-surfaces(Surface and edge finishing)." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2005.3 (2005): 1187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2005.3.1187.

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2

Qi Zhang, Qi Zhang, Chaohua Tan Chaohua Tan, Chao Hang Chao Hang, and Guoxiang Huang Guoxiang Huang. "Low-loss Airy surface plasmon polaritons." Chinese Optics Letters 13, no. 8 (2015): 082401–82404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201513.082401.

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3

Geagea, Elie, Frank Palmino, and Frédéric Cherioux. "On-Surface Chemistry on Low-Reactive Surfaces." Chemistry 4, no. 3 (August 11, 2022): 796–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry4030057.

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Zero-dimensional (0D), mono-dimensional (1D), or two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures with well-defined properties fabricated directly on surfaces are of growing interest. The fabrication of covalently bound nanostructures on non-metallic surfaces is very promising in terms of applications, but the lack of surface assistance during their synthesis is still a challenge to achieving the fabrication of large-scale and defect-free nanostructures. We discuss the state-of-the-art approaches recently developed in order to provide covalently bounded nanoarchitectures on passivated metallic surfaces, semiconductors, and insulators.

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4

Bulou, H., F. Scheurer, C. Boeglin, P. Ohresser, S. Stanescu, and E. Gaudry. "Low-Temperature Surface Diffusion on Metallic Surfaces." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 113, no. 11 (February 24, 2009): 4461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp805674n.

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5

Trachevskiy, V., P. Vakuliuk, M. T. Kartel, and W. Bo. "Surface polymerization of monomers on the polyethylene terephthalate membrane in low temperature plasma for water treatment." Surface 9(24) (December 30, 2017): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2017.09.111.

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6

He, Min, Huiling Li, Jianjun Wang, and Yanlin Song. "Superhydrophobic surface at low surface temperature." Applied Physics Letters 98, no. 9 (February 28, 2011): 093118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3558911.

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7

Muntele, Claudiu. "Microprobing Silicon Surfaces Reveals Low-Resistance Surface Reconstructions." MRS Bulletin 25, no. 12 (December 2000): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2000.237.

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8

Wang, Hui-Ping, and Rui-Bao Tao. "Surface states in crystals with low-index surfaces." Chinese Physics B 24, no. 11 (November 2015): 117301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/24/11/117301.

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9

Kevan, S. D., N. G. Stoffel, and N. V. Smith. "Surface states on low-Miller-index copper surfaces." Physical Review B 31, no. 6 (March 15, 1985): 3348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.31.3348.

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10

de Blok, W. J. G., J. M. van der Hulst, and G. D. Bothun. "Surface photometry of low surface brightness galaxies." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 274, no. 1 (May 1995): 235–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/274.1.235.

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11

Impey, Chris, and Greg Bothun. "LOW SURFACE BRIGHTNESS GALAXIES." Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 35, no. 1 (September 1997): 267–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.35.1.267.

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12

Hopken, Jens, and Martin Moller. "Low-surface-energy polystyrene." Macromolecules 25, no. 5 (September 1992): 1461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00031a016.

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13

Colich, Dragoslav. "Low frequency surface array." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 125, no. 2 (2009): 1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3081322.

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14

de Blok, W. J. G., and S. S. McGaugh. "Does Low Surface Brightness Mean Low Density?" Astrophysical Journal 469, no. 2 (October 1, 1996): L89—L92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/310266.

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15

Wyder, Ted K., D. Christopher Martin, Tom A. Barlow, Karl Foster, Peter G. Friedman, Patrick Morrissey, Susan G. Neff, et al. "THE STAR FORMATION LAW AT LOW SURFACE DENSITY." Astrophysical Journal 696, no. 2 (April 27, 2009): 1834–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1834.

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16

Satyarathi, Jitendra, Vijay Kumar, Saurabh Kango, Nitin Sharma, and Rajeev Verma. "Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surface on Low Carbon Steel." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1248, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1248/1/012015.

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Анотація:

Abstract The purpose of the present work is to fabricate superhydrophobic surfaces on commonly used low carbon steel (AISI 1018). Laser surface texturing (LST) method is used for creating circular textures on mild steel surface having the diameter and pitch of 200 μm each. Two different materials (wax & Candle soot) are used to decrease the surface energy of the mild steel. It is observed from the results that the water contact angle of untreated surface increases from 87° to 155° after LST and lowering the surface energy by using wax, followed by candle soot.

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17

Turov, V. V., L. V. Zrol, and T. V. Krupska. "Determination of the influence of the hydrophobic component on water hold in the composite system created on the base of methylsilica and microcrystalline cellulose." SURFACE 14(29) (December 30, 2022): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2022.14.101.

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Heterogeneous composite systems created on the basis of nanosized methylsilica AM1-200 and microcrystalline cellulose were investigated using the method of low-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy. Thermodynamic parameters of bound water in hydrated microcrystalline cellulose (MSC) powders and AM1/MSC composites at different ratios of hydrophobic and hydrophilic components were measured. It was established that the hydrophobic component is able to stabilize the aqueous system in the MSS/AM1 composite powders even when the amount of water is twice the amount of the solid phase. From the distributions of the radii of adsorbed water clusters, it follows that in highly hydrated composites, a significant part of the water is in the form of nanodroplets with a radius of several tens of nm

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18

Thünemann, Andreas F., and Rimantas H. Kublickas. "Low surface energy polysiloxane complexes." Journal of Materials Chemistry 11, no. 2 (2001): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b004405i.

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19

Owen, Michael J. "Low Surface Energy Inorganic Polymers." Comments on Inorganic Chemistry 7, no. 4 (July 1988): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02603598808072308.

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20

Sopori, B. L. "Broadband very low reflectance surface." Applied Optics 27, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.27.000025.

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21

Meyer, K. "Low Energy Ion-Surface Interactions." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 191, Part_2 (January 1995): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/zpch.1995.191.part_2.281.

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22

Cooper, B. H., C. A. DiRubio, G. A. Kimmel, and R. L. McEachern. "Low energy ion-surface interactions." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 64, no. 1-4 (February 1992): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(92)95436-u.

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23

SAGISAKA, Masanobu. "Green Low Surface Energy Surfactants." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 97, no. 3 (March 20, 2024): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai.97.81.

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24

CONRAD, EDWARD H. "THE STABILITY OF LOW INDEX METAL SURFACES TO TOPOLOGICAL DEFECTS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 05, no. 03 (February 10, 1991): 427–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979291000274.

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The study of defect formation at metal surfaces is a fundamental problem in surface physics. An understanding of defect formation is pertinent to growth and diffusion mechanisms. In addition, surface roughening, faceting, and surface melting are all defect mediated phase transitions involving the formation of different topological defects. While the importance of defects at surfaces is well recognized, the study of surface defects has been hampered by the lack of sufficiently accurate experimental techniques. In fact, it is only in the past 6 years that experiments on the thermal generation of defects on metal surfaces have been performed. This review attempts to outline both the theoretical and experimental work on surface defect formation on metal systems.

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25

Yablonovitch, E., D. L. Allara, C. C. Chang, T. Gmitter, and T. B. Bright. "Unusually Low Surface-Recombination Velocity on Silicon and Germanium Surfaces." Physical Review Letters 57, no. 2 (July 14, 1986): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.57.249.

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26

Tsibouklis, John, Maureen Stone, Adrian A. Thorpe, Paul Graham, Vanessa Peters, Rene Heerlien, James R. Smith, Keith L. Green, and Thomas G. Nevell. "Preventing bacterial adhesion onto surfaces: the low-surface-energy approach." Biomaterials 20, no. 13 (July 1999): 1229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-9612(99)00023-x.

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27

Nakayama, Katsutoshi, Etsushi Tsuji, Yoshitaka Aoki, and Hiroki Habazaki. "Fabrication of superoleophobic hierarchical surfaces for low-surface-tension liquids." RSC Advances 4, no. 58 (July 2, 2014): 30927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra04144e.

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28

Koch, Brendan M. L., A. Amirfazli, and Janet A. W. Elliott. "Wetting of Rough Surfaces by a Low Surface Tension Liquid." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 118, no. 41 (October 6, 2014): 23777–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5071117.

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29

Kwei, C. M., C. Y. Wang, and C. J. Tung. "Surface excitation parameters of low-energy electrons crossing solid surfaces." Surface and Interface Analysis 26, no. 9 (August 1998): 682–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9918(199808)26:9<682::aid-sia415>3.0.co;2-7.

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30

Patterson, Richard J., and Trinh X. Thuan. "Surface Photometry of Low Surface Brightness Dwarf Irregular Galaxies." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 107 (November 1996): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/192357.

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31

Litt, M. H., B. R. Hsieh, I. M. Krieger, T. T. Chen, and H. L. Lu. "Low surface energy polymers and surface-active block polymers." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 115, no. 2 (February 1987): 312–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(87)90046-4.

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32

Ologunagba, Damilola, and Shyam Kattel. "Machine Learning Prediction of Surface Segregation Energies on Low Index Bimetallic Surfaces." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 1, 2020): 2182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092182.

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Surface chemical composition of bimetallic catalysts can differ from the bulk composition because of the segregation of the alloy components. Thus, it is very useful to know how the different components are arranged on the surface of catalysts to gain a fundamental understanding of the catalysis occurring on bimetallic surfaces. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations can provide deeper insight into the surface segregation behavior and help understand the surface composition on bimetallic surfaces. However, the DFT calculations are computationally demanding and require large computing platforms. In this regard, statistical/machine learning methods provide a quick and alternative approach to study materials properties. Here, we trained previously reported surface segregation energies on low index surfaces of bimetallic catalysts using various linear and non-linear statistical methods to find a correlation between surface segregation energies and elemental properties. The results revealed that the surface segregation energies on low index bimetallic surfaces can be predicted using fundamental elemental properties.

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33

Grinko, А. M., А. V. Brichka, О. М. Bakalinska, and М. Т. Каrtel. "Application of nano cerium oxide in solid oxide fuel cells." Surface 12(27) (December 30, 2020): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2020.12.231.

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This review is analyzed the state of modern literature on the nanoceria based materials application as components for solid oxide fuel cells. The principle of operation of fuel cells, their classification and the difference in the constructions of fuel cells are described. The unique redox properties of nanosized cerium oxide make this material promising for application as components for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). Because of high ionic conductivity, high coefficient of thermal expansion and low activation energy at relatively low temperatures, cerium-containing materials are widely used as a solid electrolyte. On the surface of nanosized CeO2 there many surface defects (which is determined by the concentration of oxygen vacancies) that lead to the electronic conductivity increases even at temperatures (300 - 700 °C). The concentration of surface defects can be increased by doping the surface of nanoceria by divalent and trivalent cations. The ionic and electrical properties of the obtained nanocomposites dependent from synthesis methods, ionic radii and concentration of doping cations. It is explained the effect of the transition in the size of cerium oxide particles in the nanoscale region on the concentration of surface defects and defects in the sample structure. Particular attention is paid to the effect of doping nanosized CeO2 by transition metal cations and lanthanides on the characteristics of the obtained material, namely, on the increase of concentration of surface defects due to the increase of oxygen vacancies. It is established that nanosized cerium oxide is used for the development and implementation of the main components of SOFC: electrolyte, anode and cathode. Advantages of using solid electrolytes based on nanosized cerium oxide over the classical electrolytes are listed. It was shown that doping of cerium oxide by double and triple cations lead to increase the ionic conductivity and reduces the activation energy and has a positive effect on its characteristics as a SOFC electrolyte. Composites, based on nanoscaled cerium oxide, are actively developed and studied for use as electrodes of solid oxide fuel cells. Cerium-containing anodes are resistant to the deposition of carbon and fuel impurities, increase the catalytic activity of solid oxide fuel cells, and compatible with other components. Nanosized cerium oxide particles are sprayed onto the cathode to prevent the cathode from interacting with the electrolyte. The prospects for the use of cerium-containing materials for the conversion of chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy are analyzed.

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34

Gorelov, B. M., O. V. Mischanchuk, and N. V. Sigareva. "Anomalous thermal stability of atomic destruction fragments in polymer nanocomposites." Surface 15(30) (December 30, 2023): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2023.15.135.

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Thermal destruction of composites of ureaformaldehyde (UPR) and polyester resins (PER) with silicon dioxide nanoparticles having a specific surface area of 280 m2/g, titanium dioxide and titanosilicate with a specific surface area of 40 and 48 m2/g, respectively, when a filler content is no more than 5.0 wt% have been studied. The investigations were performed using The thermally programmed mass spectrometry method with registration of the masses of desorbed atomic fragments in the 10 ‒ 200 m/z range. It was established that during the main polymer mass destruction at 150 ‒ 350 oC, along with low temperature decomposition products, anomalously high thermal resistance of a number of atomic fragments of polymer chains and cross-links are recorded. The atomic composition of destruction fragments and their desorption temperature in the range 400 ‒ 700 oС were determined. It was established that in composites of ureaformaldehyde resin with SiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles the high temperature resistance of fragments with m/z 27 exhibits due to the formation of strong bonds among the Si and Ti surface sites and the nitrogen atoms of the polymer. Such thermal stability is not realized in resin loading with (Si/Ti)O2 nanoparticles. In composites of polyester resin with silica a high-temperature destruction of oxygen atoms from polyester chains realizes at temperatures of 290 ‒ 400 oC and a low-intensity wide destruction band takes place in the temperature range 400 ‒ 700 oC. In addition, in the temperature range of 400-700 oC cross-links are destroyed with the release of benzene rings and styrene molecules. It was established that anomalously high-temperature desorption is typical for atomic fragments of the polymer structure attached to surface Si and Ti sites through nitrogen or carbon atoms from the polymer structure. Thus, in UPR composites with silicon and titanium oxides, strong chemical nitride bonds of the form Si-N≡C-H and Ti-N≡C-H are formed, which demonstrate anomalously high heat resistance. It is shown that in composites of polyester resin with silicon dioxide nanoparticles, the high-temperature destruction of fragments is due to their desorption from the surface of silicon dioxide particles when breaking their bonds with silicon atoms. Thus, polymer matrices have been determined, in which atomic fragments of the macromolecule, binding to the surface centers of fillers, significantly weaken the thermal destruction of composites due to the formation of strong chemical and coordination bonds.

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35

WANG, Nahui, and Yongbin ZHANG. "Performance of Elastohydrodynamic Inclined Fixed Pad Thrust Bearing with Ultra Low Clearance." Mechanics 30, no. 4 (August 27, 2024): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.36547.

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This study investigates the performance of elastohydrodynamic inclined fixed pad thrust bearing with ultra low clearance. The analysis was conducted using a multiscale approach by considering the surface elastic deformation, the physical adsorption layer and the fluid piezo-viscous effect. Numerical calculations reveal that in this bearing the magnitude of the surface elastic deformation is comparable to both the surface separation and the adsorption layer thickness. Compared to the case of rigid bearing surfaces, the surface elastic deformation results in a significant reduction of the maximum hydrodynamic pressure in the bearing. For a given speed and load, when the fluid-bearing surface interaction is stronger, the influence of the surface elastic deformation on the bearing pressure is more significant. For different surface materials with quite different Young’s modulus of elasticity, when the load and speed are given, the distributions of the film pressure and the surface separation in the bearing are obviously different. For a given load, the surface elastic deformation results in the reduction of the minimum surface separation. For a given minimum surface separation, the increase of the load with the sliding speed is more rapid for rigid bearing surfaces than for elastic bearing surfaces.

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36

Cortenraad, R., A. W. Denier van der Gon, H. H. Brongersma, S. N. Ermolov, and V. G. Glebovsky. "Quantification of the surface composition of low-work function surfaces using low-energy ion scattering." Surface and Interface Analysis 31, no. 3 (2001): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.972.

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37

Manchado, A., S. R. Pottasch, and A. Mampaso. "Low Resolution Spectroscopy of 13 Low Surface Brightness PN's." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 131 (1989): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900138331.

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We have obtained long-slit low resolution spectra (7.5 A resolution) of a sample of 13 low surface brightness planetary nebulae using the 2.5-m Isaac Newton Telescope (La Palma) with the Image Photon Counting System (IPCS) covering a spectral range from 3300 A to 7300 A. From those spectra we calculated the ionic and total abundances of 0, N, Ne and Ar. Variations in the ionization structure between the inner and the outer part are found in some nebulae although the total abundances appear not to change significantly along the nebulae.

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38

Lee, Won Jun, Youn Seoung Lee, Sa Kyun Rha, Kwang Yong Lim, Hee Soo Lee, and Chung Nam Whang. "Polyimide Surface Modification by Low Energy Ion Beam Irradiation." Materials Science Forum 492-493 (August 2005): 659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.492-493.659.

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The surface modification of polyimide (PI) by the irradiation of 3 keV He+, Ne+ and Ar+ ions was studied using XPS and AFM at various ion dose ranging from 1􀂯1014 to 1􀂯1017 ions/cm2. The change of surface roughness of PI by 3 keV inert ions was closely connected to the change of surface composition. At low doses below 5􀂯1015 ions/cm2, the surface of polyimide was carbonized by ion irradiations, showing rough surfaces. At higher ion doses, the surface composition was saturated due to the accumulation of damages, and the surface morphology became smoother as compared with the low dose case.

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39

Ogawa, Toshio, Miyuki Gejyo, and Satoshi Genda. "Surface Modification of Low Density Polyethylene byCorona and Atmospheric Pressure Discharge." Journal of The Adhesion Society of Japan 51, s1 (2015): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11618/adhesion.51.248.

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40

Peters, Klaus-Ruediger. "Principles of Low-Vacuum SEM." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100131152.

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Only recently it became possible to expand scanning electron microscopy to low vacuum and atmospheric pressure through the introduction of several new technologies. In principle, only the specimen is provided with a controlled gaseous environment while the optical microscope column is kept at high vacuum. In the specimen chamber, the gas can generate new interactions with i) the probe electrons, ii) the specimen surface, and iii) the specimen-specific signal electrons. The results of these interactions yield new information about specimen surfaces not accessible to conventional high vacuum SEM. Several microscope types are available differing from each other by the maximum available gas pressure and the types of signals which can be used for investigation of specimen properties.Electrical non-conductors can be easily imaged despite charge accumulations at and beneath their surface. At high gas pressures between 10-2 and 2 torr, gas molecules are ionized in the electrical field between the specimen surface and the surrounding microscope parts through signal electrons and, to a certain extent, probe electrons. The gas provides a stable ion flux for a surface charge equalization if sufficient gas ions are provided.

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41

Wareing, Rob, John Bull, Stephen Chiles, and Richard Jackett. "Optimising New Zealand’s State highway low-noise road surface." Romanian Journal of Transport Infrastructure 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjti-2022-0006.

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Abstract Since 2017, several porous asphalt trials have been built in New Zealand in order to investigate the effects of air voids, stone size and layer thickness on tyre/road noise. These trials have shown that all three variables play an important role in noise from porous asphalt surfaces. The trial results have led to a 40 mm thick EPA7 surface (porous asphalt with 7 mm nominal stone size) becoming the preferred low-noise surface for use on New Zealand State highways, with a slightly thicker 50 mm version being preferred in particularly noise-sensitive areas. Regular CPX testing is being conducted to monitor the long-term acoustic behaviour of the surfaces, and this testing has not shown any significant changes in LCPX:P1,80 to date. Further trials are planned for early 2022 to optimise the air voids content for the preferred EPA7 surface.

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42

Krupska, T. V., V. V. Turov, M. D. Tsapko, J. Skubyshevskaya-Ziemba, and B. Charmas. "Properties of composite systems based on suspensions of lactobacillus and silica." SURFACE 14(29) (December 30, 2022): 176–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2022.14.176.

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Low-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy and DSC methods were used to study the hydration process of Lactobacillus, the influence of a weakly polar organic environment on it, and the encapsulation of cells with silica and the possibility of penetration of such an active substance as trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA) into them. It is shown that the spectral parameters of water in concentrated cell suspensions of Lactobacillus significantly depend on the concentration of the suspensions, which is probably related to the possibility of forming a stable cell gel, which can be encapsulated by silica particles both in the air environment and in the environment without its destruction chloroform with the addition of trifluoroacetic acid. There are two maxima corresponding to R = 2 and 20-100 nm on the distribution curves of the radii of clusters of unfreezing water. The contribution to the distribution of the second maximum increases with increasing water concentration. On the DSC-thermograms of lactobacilli, the value of the thermal effect related to the amount of bound water is much smaller than the thermal effect of ice melting, which is due to the presence of a significant amount of non-freezing water.

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43

Liu, Bo, Kaiqiang Zhang, Chao Tao, Yunhui Zhao, Xiaohui Li, Kongying Zhu, and Xiaoyan Yuan. "Strategies for anti-icing: low surface energy or liquid-infused?" RSC Advances 6, no. 74 (2016): 70251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra11383d.

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44

Anwar, Aneela, Ihtesham U. Rehman, and Jawwad A. Darr. "Low-Temperature Synthesis and Surface Modification of High Surface Area Calcium Hydroxyapatite Nanorods Incorporating Organofunctionalized Surfaces." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 120, no. 51 (December 15, 2016): 29069–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b05878.

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45

Hesse, O., Yu Kalinin, I. Petryshynets, M. Kunert, V. Efremenko, M. Andrushchenko, M. Osipov, and M. Brykov. "Investigation on friction surface of high-carbon low-alloyed steelafter abrasive wear." PROBLEMS OF TRIBOLOGY 93, no. 3 (October 2019): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2079-1372-2019-93-3-22-28.

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46

Terebinska, M. I., O. I. Tkachuk, A. M. Datsyuk, O. V. Filonenko, and V. V. Lobanov. "Transformation of addimers >Ge=Ge<, >Ge=Si< AND >Si=Si< on the relaxed side of Si (001) (4 × 2)." Surface 13(28) (December 30, 2021): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2021.13.066.

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By the method of density functional theory (B3LYP, 6-31G **) three types of displacements are calculated, namely oscillations as a whole, rotation and diffusion of dimers > Ge = Ge <, > Ge = Si < and > Si = Si <, which are formed on the crystalline surface of Si (001) (4×2) during the deposition of germanium atoms under conditions of molecular beam epitaxy. Calculations of angles of buckling of addimers are carried out. It is shown that when the addimers as a whole oscillate around the equilibrium position, the energy barriers are quite low, the highest of them occurs for a mixed addimer > Si = Ge <. Pure adders > Ge = Ge < and > Si = Si < oscillate between two degenerate states with an energy barrier of 0.042 and 0.014 eV, respectively. The structures of the transition state and the intermediate when the addimer > Ge = Ge < is moved between adjacent cells in the approximation of the constant bond length > Ge = Ge < are obtained. As calculations have shown, all transformations of surface dimers occur with relatively small activation energies, the numerical values of which agree satisfactorily with the results of STM experiments available in the literature.

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47

Kosmulski, Marek. "The Surface Charging at Low Density of Protonatable Surface Sites." Langmuir 21, no. 16 (August 2005): 7421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la051019o.

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48

Patterson, Richard J., and Trinh X. Thuan. "Erratum: Surface Photometry of Low Surface Brightness Dwarf Irregular Galaxies." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 117, no. 2 (August 1998): 633–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/313122.

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49

Perutz, S., J. Wang, E. J. Kramer, C. K. Ober, and K. Ellis. "Synthesis and Surface Energy Measurement of Semi-Fluorinated, Low-Energy Surfaces†." Macromolecules 31, no. 13 (June 1998): 4272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma9700993.

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50

Coulson, S. R., I. S. Woodward, J. P. S. Badyal, S. A. Brewer, and C. Willis. "Plasmachemical Functionalization of Solid Surfaces with Low Surface Energy Perfluorocarbon Chains." Langmuir 16, no. 15 (July 2000): 6287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la0001676.

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