Дисертації з теми "Lotus plant"
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Aziz, Maheran Abd. "In vitro genetic manipulation of the genus Lotus." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277932.
Повний текст джерелаRaelson, John Verner. "An isoenzyme study in the Genus lotus (Fabaceae) /." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75682.
Повний текст джерелаEmery, Keith Martin. "Population dynamics of Birdsfoot trefoil in relation to disease and microclimate /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9842525.
Повний текст джерелаOllerton, J. "Ecology of flowering and fruiting in Lotus corniculatus L." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1993. http://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/0a08eb77-6970-5ea7-9fe7-372ef1e96b25/1.
Повний текст джерелаNualsri, Charassri. "Inheritance of rhizome expression in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus l.) /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9717176.
Повний текст джерелаGibbs, Margaret Joan. "Genetic engineering of the forage legume Lotus corniculatus using Agrobacterium : mediated transformation systems." Thesis, Durham University, 1991. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6040/.
Повний текст джерелаRodpothong, Patsarin, and n/a. "Host-specific Nod factor requirements for nodulation of Lotus species by Mesorhizobium loti." University of Otago. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080910.113419.
Повний текст джерелаRaikar, S. V. "Protoplast fusion of Lolium perenne and Lotus corniculatus for gene introgression." Diss., Lincoln University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/301.
Повний текст джерелаTatsukami, Yohei. "Studies on symbiosis-spesific phenotype of Mesorhizobium loti and its function to host plant." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225663.
Повний текст джерела0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第20438号
農博第2223号
新制||農||1049(附属図書館)
学位論文||H29||N5059(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)教授 植田 充美, 教授 矢﨑 一史, 教授 森 直樹
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Stettler, Jason M. "Utah Lotus: North American Legume for Possible Use in Rangeland Revegetation in the Southern Great Basin of the Western United States." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4894.
Повний текст джерелаEngerberg, Malin. "Development of database support for production of doubled haploids." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-711.
Повний текст джерелаIn this project relational and Lotus Notes database technology are evaluated with regard to their suitability in providing computer-based support in plant breeding in general and specifically in the production of doubled haploids. The two developed databases are compared based on a set of requirements produced together with the DH-group which is the main users of the databases. The results indicate that both Lotus Notes and the relational databases are able to fulfil all needs documented in this project, although both systems have their limitations. An often expressed opinion is that it is difficult to combine biology and databases. The experience gained in this project however suggests that it does not need to be the case in instances where data is not as complicated as often discussed. Observations made during this project indicate that data warehousing with integrated data mining and OLAP tools are surprisingly similar to how the DH-group at Svalöf Weibull works and could be a suitable solution for the production of doubled haploids.
Binder, Andreas [Verfasser], and Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Parniske. "Characterization of the Lotus Japonicus nuclear pore NUP107-160 subcomplex in plant-microbe symbiosis / Andreas Binder. Betreuer: Martin Parniske." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1100396020/34.
Повний текст джерелаHunt, Sara. "Stem Development, Seeding Rate, and Establishment of Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) for Organic, Grazing-Based Dairies." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3332.
Повний текст джерелаRaikar, Sanjeev Vencu. "Protoplast fusion of Lolium perenne and Lotus corniculatus for gene introgression." Phd thesis, Lincoln University. Bio-Protection and Ecology Division, 2007. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20080214.105406/.
Повний текст джерелаWewer, Vera [Verfasser]. "The Role of Glycolipids at the Interface of Plant-Microbe Interactions during Nodulation and Mycorrhiza Formation in Lotus japonicus / Vera Wewer." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1049984919/34.
Повний текст джерелаTian, Daike Tilt Kenneth Michael. "Container production and post-harvest handling of lotus (Nelumbo) and micropropagation of herbaceous peony (Paeonia)." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Horticulture/Dissertation/Tian_Daike_59.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаCampos, Lázara Pereira. "Genome relationships among Lotus species based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56888.
Повний текст джерелаPofelis, Shoshana. "The development of sulfonylurea herbicide resistant birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) plants from in vitro selection /." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60086.
Повний текст джерелаStewart, Jennifer Margaret. "The lotus and the waterlily : plants of cultural and social significance." Thesis, University of London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416771.
Повний текст джерелаSantos, Armando Martins dos. "Melhoramento genético de Lotus corniculatus visando tolerância à toxidez por alumínio." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/25980.
Повний текст джерелаAcid soils with aluminum (Al) toxicity are common, being generally destined for cattle livestock. The utilization of forage legumes adapted to this situation would minimize the use of agricultural liming materials and still allow a nitrogen input to the system via biological fixation. The characterization and identification of tolerance mechanisms to toxic Al are the initial steps in a selection and breeding program aiming a greater adaptation to this stress condition. This work was aimed to: (i) characterize cultivated populations of birdsfoot trefoil (tetraploid), model species (diploid) and recombinant inbred lines (RIL) of Lotus, regarding toxic Al tolerance; (ii) identify the accumulation of Al and root exudation of organic acids in the cultivated species; and (iii) select genotypes with contrasting responses to the toxic Al, comparing their morphological and molecular characteristics. The results of the characterization showed that the diploid genotypes, MG-20 and GIFU, and the cultivated UFRGS genotypes, San Gabriel and São Gabriel were the most productive in a general matter. The UFRGS genotype also presented a great superiority in situations of moderate soil acidity (22,2% of Al), demonstrating a utilization potential in regions where partial soil amelioration is done. Of the180 RILs tested, 24 were superior and 39 were inferior to the GIFU genotype. Regarding root exudation of organic acids, in the absence of aluminum, low levels of exudation were observed for all genotypes. However, in the presence of aluminum, the results showed that the UFRGS genotype selected for Al tolerance presented a significant increase (at least 50% higher) of oxalic acid exudation compared to the other genotypes, and the UFRGS genotype proved superior to the Draco genotype in all evaluations. The result of two mass selection cycles aiming Al tolerance showed increments in dry matter production in all of the toxic aluminum concentrations tested, while the selection for Al sensibility seemed to be related to the plants’ low vigor, since in the absence of Al these genotypes presented a lower accumulation of dry matter compared to the original populations. The great diversity observed in the evaluated genotypes may indicate that the Al tolerance mechanisms may act in different intensities. The exudation of oxalic acid is apparently a mechanism that permits the maintenance of the birdsfoot trefoil growth in different conditions of toxic Al, as well as the selection of a more tolerant genotype to aluminum permitted a significant increase in this defense mechanism.
Campbell, Jackie Bridget. "Increasing wheat hardness locus functionality by increasing puroindoline copy number and introduction of novel alleles." Thesis, Montana State University, 2007. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2007/campbell/CampbellJ0507.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKarhoff, Stephanie. "Characterization of a Major Quantitative Disease Resistance Locus for Partial Resistance to Phytophthora sojae." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555429203649991.
Повний текст джерелаStollar, Rachel. "Fine mapping of the nuclear restorer locus for cytoplasmic male sterility in Brassica napus." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34014.
Повний текст джерелаMap based cloning requires the identification of DNA markers tightly linked to Rfp. Two PCR based markers which are located on either side of Rfp were developed. These markers allowed facile screening of a large population.
RFLP markers used in this study are based on the synteny between B. napus and the well known crucifer A. thaliana. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Henry, Julie Leanna. "Mating-type Locus Characterization and Variation in Pyrenophora semeniperda." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5948.
Повний текст джерелаTonon, Brenda Cristye. "Compatibilidade simbiótica e caracterização de rizóbios de Lotus spp., isolados de solos do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17336.
Повний текст джерелаLotus sp. species have great potential to be cultivated as forage plants in Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), Brazil. However, some symbiotic specificity has been observed in the Rhizobia-Lotus symbiosis when L. corniculatus is replaced by L. subbiflorus and vice versa. So, this work's hypothesis is that in the soils of RS there are native Rhizobia that form different groups with Lotus species. To evaluate the symbiotic compatibility among native Rhizobia, isolated from RS soils, and plants of L. corniculatus, L. uliginosus, L. subbiflorus and L. glaber, were made the evaluation of the crossinoculation in tubes, under laboratory conditions, as well as in Leonard Jars under greenhouse conditions. In tubes, the symbiotic compatibility of 159 rhizobia, obtained from of L. corniculatus, L. uliginosus, L. glaber and L. subbiflorus plants, that were inoculated on plants of these four Lotus species and evaluated on their capacity to form nodules and fixing N2. In the green house experiments, whit Leonard jars, four native rhizobia isolates were evaluated regarding to the efficiency of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in association with plants of the four Lotus species studied. Those rhizobia also were genetically characterized by PCR fingerprinting of genomic DNA using primers BOX and ERIC. Native Rhizobia isolates obtained from L. glaber (UFRGS Lg5, Lg109 e Lg111) didn't establish an effective symbiosis with L. subbiflorus and L. uliginosus, being efficient only when inoculated on L. corniculatus and L. glaber plants. However, the strains EEL 698 and U512 as well as the isolate Lc 340 were able to induce nodulation and fixing N2 in symbiosis with all the studied Lotus species. This find points to the existence, in the state's soil samples, of native Rhizobia efficient in plants of both symbiotic compatibility groups, whit potential to be used as inoculant for those Lotus species. It was observed that there are some native Rhizobia potentially parasitic with L. corniculatus and L. glaber and also L. uliginosus.
Lindsay, Robert C. "QUANTITATIVE AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF HABITUATION AT THE MAIZE r1 LOCUS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5655.
Повний текст джерелаWargachuk, Richard Burns. "Fine mapping and functional analysis of the radish Rfo nuclear restorer locus." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81454.
Повний текст джерелаAryamanesh, Nader. "Chickpea improvement through genetic analysis and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of ascochyta blight resistence using wild Cicer species /." Connect to this title, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0072.
Повний текст джерелаSicard, Ophélie. "Déterminants génétiques impliqués dans les interactions Arabidopsis thaliana/Potyvirus : identification de déterminants de plante et de virus impliqués dans le développement de symptômes." Bordeaux 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR21454.
Повний текст джерелаThe screening of an Arabidopsis thaliana core collection representing 96 % of the species genetic variability was performed with different isolates of the Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV) and of the Plum pox virus (PPV). It lead to the identification/observation of a large diversity of phenotypes, from total resistance to symptomatic susceptibility. The genetic determinants for symptoms were studied in two related recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations, Cvi/Ler and Col/Ler. Several QTLs (quantitative trait locus) linked to viral accumulation and symptomatic susceptibility were identified whereas a weak correlation traits was detected. The PS11 QTL as identified in both populations and confirmed in isogenic lines ; its fine-mapping was under course. A candidate gene approach focalised on the PS13 QTL region where the gene coding for the translation initiation factor eLF4G is mapping. The hypothesis that the abscence or the non-fonctionnality of this factor known for its implication in plant/potyvirus interactions is determinant for symptom was tested. Besides, different viral determinants implied in symptom development have been identified. This work offers new opportunities for association studies and for functionnal analysis of plant/virus interactions
Arcade, Anne. "Detection de locus controlant des caracteres quantitatifs dans un plan de croisement factoriel : application au meleze." Orléans, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ORLE2024.
Повний текст джерелаSalgon, Sylvia. "Déterminisme génétique de la résistance au flétrissement bactérien chez l'aubergine et applications en sélection variétale." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0010/document.
Повний текст джерелаEggplant cultivation is confronted by the bacterial wilt disease caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex. Breeding resistant cultivars is the most effective strategy to control the disease but is limited by the pathogen’s extensive genetic diversity. A major QTL (ERs1) was previously mapped in a recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population from the cross of susceptible (S) MM738 × resistant (R) AG91-25 lines. ERs1 was originally found to control 3 strains from phylotype I, while being ineffective against the strain PSS4 from the same phylotype. The objectives of this thesis was to (i) clarify the position of ERs1 and define its spectrum of action, (ii) found other QTLs, promptly to control virulent strains on AG91-25 and (iii) introgress some of the QTLs into two S cultivars. For this purpose, the new doubled haploid (DH) populations MM152 (R) × MM738 (S) and EG203 (R) × MM738 (S) were created. The RIL population was phenotyped with 4 additional RSSC strains belonging to phylotypes I, IIA, IIB and III and the DH populations were phenotyped with virulent strains PSS4 and R3598. QTL mapping confirmed the existence of ERs1 (renamed EBWR9), defined its position on chromosome (chr) 9 and validated its specific control of 3 phylotype I strains. EBWR2 and EBWR14, 2 broad-spectrum resistance QTLs, were detected on chr 2 and 5. QTL analysis reveals a polygenic system of resistance in EG203. The transfer of resistance into 2 local cultivars was initiated and allowed the introgression of EBWR9 and EBWR2 QTLs through a backcross scheme. These results offer perspectives to breed broad-spectrum R cultivars
Nishio, Haruki. "Seasonal analysis of histone modifications in a natural population of Arabidopsis halleri." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/216171.
Повний текст джерелаNascimento, Mariá Cristina Vasconcelos. "Uma heurística GRASP para o problema de dimensionamento de lotes com múltiplas plantas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-26042007-151429/.
Повний текст джерелаThe lot sizing problem, which is the aim of this study, considers an environment consisting of multiple independent plants, multiple items and multiple periods. The production environment has limited capacity and the plants can produce the same items. Each plant has its own demand and the lot transfers between the plants are permitted, which involves a certain cost. This problem has as a particular case the parallel machines lot sizing problem. The objective of this dissertation is to propose a heuristic based on the GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedures). Furthermore, a path relinking phase is embedded in the GRASP to obtain better performance. To verify the efficiency of the proposed heuristic, its results were compared with the literature as for the multi-plant as for parallel machines problem. Computational tests showed that the proposed heuristic performed better than other literature heuristic concerning the multiplant problem. Concerning the parallel machines, the heuristic is competitive
Silva, Daniel Henrique. "Métodos híbridos para o problema de dimensionamento de lotes com múltiplas plantas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-22042013-111213/.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work, we present a study about the multi-plant, multi-item, multi-period lot-sizing problem. The plants have limited capacity, and the production of each item implies in setup times and setup costs. Our objective is to find a production plan which satisfies the demand of every client, considering that the sum of the production, stocking, transport and setup costs is the lowest possible. This work has two main contributions. Firstly, we propose the multi-plant lot-sizing problem modeling using the facility location concept. For small dimension problems, computational tests showed that the remodeled problem resolution presents, as expected, better results than the original model. However, the great number of restrictions and variables make bigger instances to be intractable. To work with the bigger dimension instances, we propose a hybrid method (math-heuristic), which combines the relax-and-fix method and the local branching restriction. Computational tests show that the proposed math-heuristic presents good quality feasible solutions for these instances
Gonçalves, Paula Vieira Cristina Alexandra. "Population genetic studies of the S-locus gene family and other loci in self-compatible and self-incompatible populations of the plant Antirrhinum." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10925.
Повний текст джерелаNascimento, Wanderleia Holanda Salgado do. "Impactos ambientais provocados pela implantação de loteamentos urbanos na área de proteção ambiental Tarumã/Ponta Negra no município de Manaus-AM." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2009. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2605.
Повний текст джерелаCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The study aimed to identify the environmental impacts caused during the implementation and operation of land divisions in the APA, to propose adequate procedures for environmental licensing of the activity, along with environmental agencies. The identification and qualitative characterization of the environmental impacts have been realized from the use of the method List of Control ("Check-List"), which consists in the glimpse and the list of consequences (impacts), when is considerate the transformative potential of the environment physical, biotic and anthropic causes (impacting activities). To facilitate their evaluation, the method of Leopold Matrix, which facilitated the visualization and assessment of impacts on different components of the environment. To identify waterways, was used 1:50,000 basemap IBGE, using ArcGIS 9.3 softwere and Cadastral base of the City of Manaus, SEMEF scale of 1:2,000. After systematic data above was used to effect the SRTM image density of the watercourses in the area of Urban APA. For the spatio-temporal, multispectral images were used TM / Landsat 5, QuickBird, in the period that comprises the years 2001, 2005 and 2008 as well as aero-photogrammetric data (aerial photographs) for analysis of the temporal evolution of environmental degradation APA. Possibilitaramde Studies show that from the viewpoint of environmental impacts are common to the "Sizes", which differs only in intensity and magnitude of them. This information was evident when were making inquires about the impacts, which was concentrated in lots of different sizes: two medium-sized and two large-sized array and qualitative and quantitative. It was demonstrated that the allotments of Large Size with low population density tend to cause relatively less significant impacts than others who occupy smaller areas, considered in Small and / or Medium-sized, however, occupied more intensively. It was verified that the housing lot makers are responsible only for the suppression of plant part of the blending infrastructure (installation of building site, road system and recreation area), leaving the responsibility of the owners, the deforestation of the lots. This procedure revealed that a large portion of deforestation is the result of occupation of the plot, made without authorization from the Environmental Agency, disregarding the criteria of the legislation and no monitoring of construction, disrespecting the legal reserve area and interventions in the vast majority of Permanent Preservation Areas -APP. On the temporal analysis, the supervised classification was performed on Total Area of the APA, allowing the calculation of the dynamics and spatial-temporal process of deforestation, with allowance for the analysis of the study area which is its urban area. In the period 2006-2008, the rate of deforestation over the area of the BB was 63.26%. However, over the period analyzed, there was a reduction, an increase of only 6.36% and rate of progression was 59.78%. Analyzing the evolution of deforestation in the Urban Area of the APA, it was found that the main vectors of deforestation were: exploration of mineral products for immediate use in construction, crops, vegetation removal activities for industrial facilities, as well as invasions of areas, than the allotments.
O estudo teve como objetivo identificar os impactos ambientais provocados na fase de implantação e operação de loteamentos na APA, visando propor adequação nos procedimentos de licenciamento ambiental da atividade, junto aos órgãos ambientais. A identificação e a caracterização qualitativa dos impactos ambientais foram realizados a partir da utilização do método Listagem de Controle ( Check-List ), que consiste, no vislumbramento e na listagem de conseqüências (impactos ambientais), quando se considera o potencial transformador do ambiente físico, biótico e antrópico, de causas (atividades impactantes). Para facilitar sua avaliação foi utilizado o método de Matriz de Leopold, que facilitou a visualização e a valoração dos impactos sobre os diferentes componentes do ambiente. Para identificação dos cursos d água, foi utilizado base cartográfica na escala 1:50.000 do IBGE, utilizando o Softwere ARCGIS 9.3, bem como base Cadastral da Cidade de Manaus, escala 1:2.000 da SEMEF. Após sistematização dos dados acima citados, foi utilizado imagem SRTM para efetivar o adensamento dos cursos d água da área Urbana da APA. Para a dinâmica espaço-temporal, foram utilizadas imagens multiespectrais Sensores TM/LANDSAT 5, QUICKBIRD, no período compreendendo os anos de 2001, 2005 e 2008, bem como dados aero-fotogramétricos (fotografias aéreas), para análise da evolução temporal da degradação ambiental da APA. Os estudos possibilitaramde demonstrar que do ponto de vista ambiental, os impactos são comuns aos diferentes Portes , diferenciado-se apenas na intensidade e na magnitude dos mesmos. Essa informação foi evidenciada durante a fase de levantamento dos impactos, que foi concentrado em loteamentos de portes diferenciados: dois de porte médios e 2 de porte grande e na matriz qualitativa e quantitativa. Ficou evidenciado que loteamentos de Porte Grande com pouca densidade populacional tendem a causar impactos relativamente menos significativos do que outros que ocupam áreas menores, considerados de Pequeno e/ou Médio Porte, porém, ocupados de forma mais intensa. Foi constatado ainda, que os loteadores são responsáveis apenas pela supressão vegetal da parte de infra-estrutura do loteamento (implantação de canteiro de obras, sistema viário e área de lazer), deixando sob a responsabilidade dos proprietários, o desmate dos lotes. Esse procedimento evidenciou que uma grande parcela do desmatamento é resultante da ocupação dos lotes, feito sem autorização do Órgão Ambiental, desrespeitando os critérios da legislação e sem acompanhamento da construtora, desrespeitando a área de reserva legal e intervenções na grande maioria das Áreas de Preservação Permanente APP. Quanto a análise temporal, a classificação supervisionada foi realizada na Área Total da APA, possibilitando calcular a dinâmica e o processo espaço-temporal de desflorestamento, dando subsídio para análise da área objeto de estudo que é a sua Área Urbana. No período de 2006 a 2008, a taxa de desflorestamento em relação a área total da APA foi de 63,26%. Porém, em relação ao período analisado, houve uma redução, com incremento de apenas 6,36% e índice de evolução de 59,78%. Na análise da evolução do desflorestamento na Área Urbana da APA, constatou-se que os principais vetores de desflorestamento foram: exploração de produtos minerais para emprego imediato na construção civil, culturas agrícolas, atividades supressão vegetal para instalações industriais, bem como invasões de áreas, além dos loteamentos foco desta pesquisa
Van, Ghelder Cyril. "Le locus de résistance Ma des Prunus vis-à-vis des nématodes à galles : Originalité structurale et évolution dans la famille des NBS-LRRs chez les plantes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR6006.
Повний текст джерелаRoot-knot nematodes (RKNs), Meloidogyne spp., are extremely polyphagous pests that severely challenge plants worldwide and especially perennials. The specific genetic resistance of plants mainly relies on NBS-LRR receptor genes (or NLRs grouping TNL, CNL and RNL subfamilies) that are pivotal factors for control of pests and pathogens. In Prunus spp., the Ma plum TNL gene confers resistance to all RKNs tested, whereas the RMja almond gene displays a more restricted spectrum of resistance (R). Moreover, the Ma predicted protein shows a peculiar TNL structure due to a C-terminal region made of five repeated domains, designated post-LRR domains (PLs). In this context, this thesis work has characterised the originality and the distribution of this uncommon structure among diverse plant proteomes and has revealed the genetic relationship between the Ma and RMja genes.We first studied the frequency, distribution and structural characteristics of TNL genes and PL domains within the peach genome, the reference genome for Rosaceae. The finding of PL domains, which have been identified in two thirds of the 195 TNLs, allowed us to define specific motifs that improve the detection of this poorly known domain in Angiosperms. We found that the PL domain is specific of TNLs and is present in Angiosperm genomes in a proportion similar to the one established for peach. Besides, TNLs displaying multiple PL domains are rare in plants. The five-PL domain pattern is probably unique to Ma and its orthologues and was probably inherited from their common ancestor in the order Rosales. We then investigated the NBS-LRR repertoire of the conifers (Gymnosperms), an ancient taxonomic group, for which the data related to this gene family are unclear. By analysing seven reference transcriptomes, we highlighted a large and diverse NBS-LRR arsenal in conifers but, surprisingly, no PL signatures have been detected. The examination of ancient plant proteomes revealed that only Ginkgo biloba displayed a few PL signatures. Our results suggest that a partial acquisition of the PL domain occurred early in seed plants and was followed by an adaptive expansion in Angiosperms. Additionally, we showed that conifers and Rosaceae have numerous RNLs and TNLs. By enlarging our study to other land plant genomes, we uncovered an average ratio of 1:10 between RNLs and TNLs numbers.We finally carried out a high-resolution mapping of the RMja gene in almond. Using a BAC library, RMja was localised into the Ma resistance cluster and the Ma orthologue is by far the best candidate. The sequence comparison between three orthologous regions of the Ma locus, i.e. plum (complete R spectrum), almond (incomplete R spectrum) and peach (null R spectrum) highlighted a unique conserved structure of the Ma orthologues. Our results suggest that the polymorphism contained in the PL-domain repeats might underlie differential resistance interactions with RKNs and an original immune mechanism in woody perennials. In these immune processes for recognition or signalling, other components such as RNLs might be involved. This work paves the way for future comparative and functional approaches aiming to unravel the molecular determinants involved in the resistance to RKNs
Lombardi, Simone Pacheco. "Estudo funcional de um locus de regeneração (Rg1) vindo de Solanum peruvianum, uma espécie selvagem relacionada ao tomateiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11144/tde-22072008-161223/.
Повний текст джерелаThe In vitro regeneration process is widely used in plant biotechnology. However, the mechanisms involved in the acquisition of competence for organ formation are hitherto unknown. In tomato (S. lycopersicum), the high capacity for in vitro regeneration is attributed to the Rg1 allele from S. peruvianum, which is present in the cv MsK (S. lycopersicum x S. peruvianum). The dwarfism genes of the cv Micro-Tom (MT) were transferred to MsK, and, after 8 generations of selfing (F8), the cv Micro-Msk was obtained. Here, after 6 generations of backcrosses (BC6Fn), we created the MT-Rg1, which has Rg1 isogenic to MT. Tests of in vitro regeneration showed that shoot formation in MT-Rg1 and Micro-MsK are equivalent, suggesting that the high capacity of regeneration of Micro-MsK is basically due to Rg1. Comparing MT-Rg1 with the control MT, we noticed a high frequency of 3 cotyledon formation, increased shoot branching and late senescence, which are absent in the parentals. These pleiotropic effects of Rg1 coincide with those described for plants with alterations in the hormone cytokinin. Tests of sensitivity for cytokinin and senescence behavior carried out by us, as well as dosage of that hormone made by other researches, discarded that hypothesis. Reciprocal grafting showed that the promotion of shoot branching by Rg1 is not a transmissible signal, but seems to be an inherent characteristic of the tissue. Rg1 also increases adventitious roots formation of ex vitro cuttings, suggesting that it affects the process of competence, which is common for shoots and roots, instead of the specific induction of shoots. Double mutants between Rg1 and mutants with alteration in the sensitivity/metabolism of plant hormones (dgt, brt and pro), as well as mutants with absence of shoot branching (ls) and accelerated senescence (l) were obtained and tested for the capacity of in vitro regeneration. The presence of Rg1 suppressed the phenotype of less dissected leaves of the mutant hypersensitive to gibberrellin (pro) and rescued the phenotype of poor developed root system of the mutant with low auxin sensitivity (dgt). Rg1 was also able to revert the absence of axillary shoot formation in ls, whereas the mutant Me, which represents an over expression of a KNOX gene was not. This result suggests that Rg1 is not a KNOX gene, although those genes are considered the main controllers of the competence. Analyzing different types of explants in independent experiments, it was verified that, in general, the mutations brt (low sensibility to cytokinin), dgt and ls decreased the regeneration capacity of Rg1, while l increased it. Rg1 was particularly epistatic to the pro mutation, reverting the phenotype of little shoot formation of that mutant. Surprisingly, Rg1 proved to be more sensitive to auxin in the hypocotyl segment elongation test, being able to revert the phenotype of the mutant dgt in the same test. Together, these results confirm the role of the Rg1 in the process of acquisition of the competence and suggest an interaction of the hormones gibberellin and auxin in this process.
Aryamanesh, Nader. "Chickpea improvement through genetic analysis and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of ascochyta blight resistence using wild Cicer species." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0072.
Повний текст джерелаBaron, Étienne. "Génomique écologique de la réponse à la compétition chez Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10206/document.
Повний текст джерелаCompetition is considered as a major factor responsible for plant communities structure, diversity and dynamics. However, the genetics underlying this local eco-evolutionary dynamics remains poorly understood. Notably, at the population scale, the natural genetic variation of response to different competition conditions, the identity of phenotypic traits under genotypic selection and of genetic basis implied in the response to competition still need to be addressed. By an ecological genomics approach using the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, the main goal of this thesis is to characterize the genetics related to the competitive ability at a local scale, according to an increasing complexity of interactions between the competitor species. First, by focusing on monospecific competition, I showed that both the competitor identity and the lag of competitor germination time promote the maintenance of the genetic and functional diversities within the target population. Based on an approach of Genome Wide Association (GWA) mapping, I detected QTLs of response to competition that were strongly dependent on the conditions of monospecific competition. Second, in the context of multispecific interactions, I demonstrated that the response of a local population to competition was highly specific to the surrounding communities considered. In addition, based on a resurrection approach, I showed that the response of a local population to competition could evolve in less than eight generations, likely in relationship to community shifts. Third, I demonstrated that the adaptive dynamic of A. thaliana was highly influenced by the competition intensity in natural conditions
Mohamad, Roba. "Adaptation des bactéries symbiotiques de légumineuses métallicoles : effets des métaux lourds et de la plante hôte sur la composition des populations de rhizobia symbiotiques d’Anthyllis vulneraria et de Lotus corniculatus." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT153/document.
Повний текст джерелаTwo legumes (Anthyllis vulneraria and Lotus corniculatus) adapted to heavy metals form an interesting material for phytostabilisation strategy in mining sites. As biological nitrogen fixators, these legumes associated with compatible symbiotic bacteria provide an efficient establishment of a sustainable cover vegetation limiting metal dispersion in the environment. Our objectives were to study the effects of heavy metals and the host plant on symbiotic populations naturally associated with these legumes by analyzing (i) symbiotic populations associated with A. vulneraria on 8 contaminated and uncontaminated sites (ii) rhizobial populations associated with L. corniculatus that were compared with those of Anthyllis. The distribution of mesorhizobial strains isolated from A. vulneraria root-nodules from several contaminated and uncontaminated sites depends on high levels of heavy metals in soils by selecting highly resistant strains and impacting the taxonomic composition. Strains belonging to M. metallidurans were only found in highly contaminated sites. Two new potential metal-tolerant species were detected in two distinct mines. One of them was closely related to M. ciceri and M. loti and its members had the feature of not -possessing the cadA gene, a gene involved in metal-tolerance among M. metallidurans strains. By contrast, uncontaminated sites revealed a different taxonomic diversity with new species sensitive to heavy metals. Four of these new species were defined. A. vulneraria and L. corniculatus share the same taxonomic diversity in the contaminated sites tested. By contrast, symbiotic properties of the strains vary depending on the host plant used for trapping. Strains belong either to symbiovar (sv.) anthyllidis or to sv. loti according to geographic origins and independently of heavy metal levels in soils. A. vulneraria associated with strains of sv. anthyllidis or sv. loti. In contrast, L. corniculatus only associated with strains of sv. loti. In contaminated or uncontaminated soils, A. vulneraria was preferentially nodulated by sv. anthyllidis. In conclusion, A. vulneraria and L. corniculatus established symbiotic relationships with the same taxonomic groups of Mesorhizobium but associated with different symbiovars. The finding of taxonomic groups strongly depends on geographical sites, suggesting special adaptations to environmental conditions. Use of local biological resources is the strategy we recommend for revegetation of old mines
Duriez, Pauline. "Caractérisation génétique, moléculaire et physiologique du locus Or7 de résistance à Orobanche cumana chez le tournesol." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30006.
Повний текст джерелаOrobanche cumana (sunflower broomrape) is an obligate parasitic plant that specifically infects sunflower roots, causing yield losses. By combining genomics and genetics in a map-based cloning strategy, we located the HaOr7 resistance gene to O. cumana in a 55 kb genomic region on chromosome 7 containing a single gene. The HaOr7 gene encodes a receptor-like LRR kinase protein sharing similarity with Xa21 in rice, conferring resistance to the bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The complete HAOR7 protein was found in all resistant lines, while susceptible lines all encoded a truncated protein lacking the transmembrane and the kinase domains. We showed that HaOr7 confers resistance by preventing the connection of O. cumana to the vascular system of the sunflower roots in a gene-for-gene relationship. Our results illustrate how plants can use similar mechanisms for the resistance to parasitic plants as the ones for resistance to microorganisms. HaOr7 is the first resistance gene to O. cumana to be cloned in sunflower, opening new avenues for a more sustainable resistance to sunflower broomrape and to parasitic plants in crops
Sakrison, Rodney G. "Summer water use in compact communities : the effect of small lots and growth management plans on single-family water use in King County, Washington /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10797.
Повний текст джерелаMukhaimar, Maisara. "Sources naturelles de la résistance contre les nématodes à galles Meloidogyne javanica chez la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112033/document.
Повний текст джерелаPlant-parasitic nematodes are a serious threat for global food production. They are responsible for 14% of global yield loss, equivalent to an economic value of more than 100 billion US$ per year. Pest management is challenging, in particular since the most efficient nematicide has been banned due to its devastating effect on the environment. Hence, novel sources for nematode management are urgently required. This work investigates whether the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana could serve as a natural source for resistance genes against plant-parasitic nematodes. It finds natural genetic variation among Arabidopsis accessions for resistance against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica, identifies several QTL for nematode resistance, and fine-maps one of these resistance QTL
Tatsumi, Jason. "On the Analysis and Design of Disturbance Rejecter." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1386946867.
Повний текст джерелаBillotte, Norbert. "Recherche et étude des locus contrôlant les caractères à déterminisme génétique complexe (QTL) du palmier a huile (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. ), par cartographie génétique multiparentale." École nationale supérieure agronomique (Montpellier), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENSA0023.
Повний текст джерелаThe goal of this work was to search and to study the loci of characters under complex genetic control (QTL) in the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. ), by multi-parent genetic mapping. Results are given step by step from the production of molecular markers to the identification of agronomic QTL, in view to marker-assisted breeding of oil palm. A total number of 390 microsatellite markers (SSR) were developed in the E. Guineensis species. The SSR polymorphism was characterised in the E. Guineensis and in the closely related species E. Oleifera, in which an optimal utility of the SSR markers was observed, as well as on a subset of 16 other palm species. Twenty-six phenotypic quantitative characters were studied using a 2 x 2 complete factorial mating design involving 4 heterozygous parents issued from 3 genetic backgrounds Deli, La Mé and Yangambi. A reference linkage map was constructed in the control cross LM2T x DA10D of the factorial design, using 944 locus (255 SR, 688 AFLP, locus Sh) distributed on 16 linkage groups representing the 16 chromosome pairs of the oil palm. This linkage map of 1735 cM allowed to sample 253 SSR loci distributed along the genome and which were used to construct a consensus map of the factorial design. Also, two markers were located at 7 cM and at 11 cM on each side of the Sh locus controlling the variety type of the fruit in oil palm, using bulk segregant analysis and linkage mapping methods. A set of 71 QTL of vegetative and production characters were identified thanks to the factorial design, using a CIM method with 3 types of additive linear models for the QTL search, under a new MCQTL Outbred software perfected by INRA (France): cross by cross model, disconnected multi-parent model and connected multi-parent model. A validation of the identified QTL and an integration of the multi-parent approach are proposed in the frame of a general marker-assisted breeding scheme of oil palm within the context of its Elaeis genus
Arnal, Gregory. "Discovery and characterization of biomass-degrading enzymes and enzyme sytems in termite gut microbial ecosystems." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAT0040.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis was performed in the context of the Futurol project, a French national project that aims at producing bioethanol from plant biomass such as wood and cereal straw. To reach that goal, the biomass must be pretreated, and enzymatically degraded to release fermentable simple sugar. My implication in that project was to discover original enzymes that can hydrolyze the hemicellulose, a major heteropolysaccharide found in plant cell wall.To mine for new biocatalysts, the gut microbial communities of two species of termite were investigated by a metagenomic approach : Nasutitermes corniger, a wood-feeder termite, and Termes hispaniolae supposed to be a soil-wood feeder. 30 000 metagenomic clones were screened on an array of 10 cellulosic and hemicellulosic substrates and 660 hits were obtained. Phenotypic comparison showed clear differences between both environments, probably related to the diet of the termite. The sequence of 45 N. corniger metagenomic inserts revealed 120 original sequences encoding for putative enzymes of interest. Original sequences encoding for multimodular enzymes were revealed and many ORFs were organized in clusters, suggesting that these enzymes are encoded on Polysaccharides Utilization Locus. In a second part, a high-throughput approach was used for the cloning, the expression and the slight characterization of 104 full-size and truncated enzymes. Forty five recombinant proteins were produced soluble, and their investigation revealed the activity of 19 enzymes and of 12 enzymatic modules, representing a hemicellulolytic tool-box for endo- and exo-type activities. In some cases, the implication of “Unkown” domains in the activity of multimodular enzymes was demonstrated. This approach was particularly efficient for the study of the GH3-UNKCBM48-CE1 Pm69, and this study triggered the patent process for this multiactive glucosidase, xylosidase and esterase. The xylanases and the feruloyl esterases were shown to be particularly efficient to supplement cellulolytic cocktails on pretreated wheat straw. In a third part, we investigated a DNA fragment belonging to a species of the genus Bacteroides and that encoded 19 ORFs. The biochemical characterization of Abn43A, Abn43B, Abf51A and Abf51B-trunc showed that these four enzymes harbored complementary actions for the hydrolysis of the arabinan, and that they can act synergistically for the hydrolysis of this pectic polymer. We also revealed that Abn43B had an original mode of action that we classified as exo-arabinanase. Finally, the in-depth study of the 19 ORFs allowed us to propose the entire scheme for arabinan detection, hydrolysis and utilization by the Bacteroides species carrying this DNA sequence
Ortega, Maria Andrea. "Identification of Molecular Markers Associated with the Rps8 locus in Soybean and Evaluation of Microsporogenesis in Rps8/rps8 Heterozygous Lines." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1259772038.
Повний текст джерелаAlfares, Walid. "Analyses génétiques et moléculaires du locus SKr impliqué dans l'aptitude du blé (Triticum aestivum L. ) au croisement avec le seigle (Secale cereale L. )." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00724743.
Повний текст джерелаSilva, Rosangela Aparecida da. "Estudo da fauna fitonematológica na Mata Atlântica do estado de São Paulo e na Floresta Amazônica do estado do Mato Grosso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11135/tde-07102008-080545/.
Повний текст джерелаA study about plant parasitic nematode fauna was conducted in two municipalities from São Paulo State (Pariquera-Açu and Cananéia in the Atlantic Forest) and two from Mato Grosso State (Nova Maringá and Guarantã do Norte in the Amazon Forest), Brazil. The aims of this study were to evaluate the diversity of plant-parasitic nematode fauna in locations of primary and to evaluate the effect of agricultural land use on the plant parasitic nematode communities. Nematodes were extracted from 200 cm³ of soil and 10 grams of roots by a sieving and sugar flotations technique and fixed with formalin. Nematodes were counted for determination of abundances of each taxon and the taxonomic identification was based on morphological and morphometric features. The following variables were obtained: abundance, frequency and similarity indexes (Jaccard and Bray e Curtis). A total number of 34 genera were recorded and 22 taxons were identified at species level. Concerning Aorolaimus banoae species, new morphological and morphometric features were presented. It was observed that, after removal of primary vegetation and implantation of perennial or annual crops, occurred a conspicuous reduction of plant parasitic nematode diversity, associated with introduction of exotic species, resulting in low similarity between location of primary vegetation and the cultivated ones. The results demonstrated that the agricultural practices affect strongly the plant parasitic nematode communities.