Дисертації з теми "Logement – Anthropologie"
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Bouillon, Florence. "Les mondes du squat : anthropologie d'un habitat précaire /." Paris : Presses universitaires de France : ["Le Monde"], 2009. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41444849n.
Повний текст джерелаMin, You-Ki. "La réforme de l'habitat populaire dans la région parisienne, 1870-1914 : anthropologie historique des logements sociaux." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0130.
Повний текст джерелаIn a perspective of historical anthropology this thesis analyse the whole factors formning the popular housing reform from 1870 to 1914 : the condition of the popular housing, the conducts determined by the housing, the legislative and administrative foundations of the social housing, the origins of the HBM societies and their constructions, public establishments and the associations which supported this reform, the speech of the bourgeoisie class which is directed to this reform, the positions of the socialists regarding their politics, the question of the state's function and the private initiative in the reform, the norms and the rules reclaimed for the social housing, the organisation of the space in the H. B. M. Being at once conservative and progressive, the popular housing reform is the result of sociocultural strategies for the social integration and segregation which arrived to make practice with the harmonious technique in control of the mass society, around the domestic spaces
Bouillon, Florence. "Les mondes des squats : Productions d'un habitat illégal et compétences des citadins disqualifiés : le terrain marseillais." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0270.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis addresses the paradox of illegal forms of housing : squatting, in cities of the Western world. It starts with the analysis of public policies aimed at squatters, that are constantly hesistating between a welfare approach and plain repression. Squatting therefore emerges as a significant object in the study of the criminalization of poverty, as well as of the lilmits of the "right to housing". Yet, ethnographic study in Marseille shows that squatting can also be understood as a form of hospitality, offering a resource for mobility, privacy and urbanity ("citadinity"). The third part of the thesis attempts and reconcile these two leveles of reality, and proposes the notion of fragile ability. The thesis eventually calls for a necessarily combined attention to both domination processes, and resistance dynamics and creativity, when it comes to the analysis of marginalized worlds
Watin, Michel. "Approche anthropologique de l'espace domestique à La Réunion." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00511256.
Повний текст джерелаArrif, Abdelmajid. "Le passage précaire : du bidonville au lotissement, anthropologie appliquée d'une mutation présidentielle : le cas de Hay Moulay Rachid à Casablanca." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX10020.
Повний текст джерелаFiliod, Jean Paul. "L'univers domestique au singulier-pluriel : contribution à une ethnographie de l'habiter." Lyon 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO20039.
Повний текст джерелаBased on an ethnographical and phenomenological approach, this thesis attempts to focus on the domestic realm by looking at the biographical dimension of objects and the sensorial and sensual aspects of intimacy. The first part consists of a methodological discussion on the contribution of ethnology to the study of western societies, and the researcher's reflexive attitude during a survey based on intersubjectivity. The second part presents the results in an exhaustive manner by combining physical description, statements, argumentation and analysis. In the third and final part, the results of the study are examined from an anthropological viewpoint, by referring to several other similar studies and surveys. The first chapter deals with the concept of disorder, the analysis of which reveals that it can be understood as a singular order of biographical memory. This biographical dimension is the starting point for the second chapter where it is established as a fundamental temporality of the domestic realm, which is then providing a condensed version of the biography of the residents. The analysis then demonstrates how this biographical dimension has no significance unless it is interlinked with other temporalities (family and generations, history, antiquity, eternity, etc. ) Both in real life and imagination
Guinard, Laurent. "Essai d'analyse anthropologique comparative de trois territoires urbains : (la cité F. Schneider à Paris, la cité des Fouilleuses à Rueil-Malmaison, le quartier de Cergy-Saint-Christophe)." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H077.
Повний текст джерелаBased on three investigations "on ground", in framework of offices orders, between 1986 and 1989, a comparative work has been done with the followings dimensions : town-planning, sociological and anthropological. It concerns the social block "f. Schneider" (360 flats, 730 residents), "les fouilleuses" (900 flats, 2640 residents) and a district of Cergy-Pontoise : "Cergy-St-Christophe" (5 000 flats and houses, 12 000 residents in 1986). Every time, we have tried to identify what was specific and what was common at each respective unity. The specifics elements (architecture, urbans equipements, locals circumstances) have a light determination on social life, opposite to the observed common patterns : poverty, racism, social loneliness, idleness of young people. . . . These terms must not mask social complexity observed in each locality. As a matter of fact to determine an univocal image would be a glaring blunder simplification. This work "on ground" obliged us to interrogate about judiciousness of some terms used today as "ethnic group", "ghetto", "identity". . . The seem a bad application to explain social situation of France. Anthropology allows a good deciphering of these notions
Graeff, Lucas. "De la survie à la reconnaissance : ethnologie de personnes "sans logis" à Paris." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H003.
Повний текст джерелаThrough an ethnographic investigation, made in May 2006, fifty one cases of “homeless” people were studied. “Homeless” people are considered as people with no social, economic and personal conditions that allow them to have housing and as a result, they sleep “outside”, in a tent, under a bridge or in a house made with materials from the city. Using the ethnographic method - long duration of active observation, careful and discreet holding of a notebook to mention the daily observations, the author learns by physical experience, “by body”, the daily difficulties regarding the hygiene, the occupation of public places, and especially the efforts made to encounter the feelings of shame and “social contempt”, and to have access to some forms of recognition marked by the pride and the social esteem. Those people fight against the “social contempt” in different ways: some of them settle down in “corners” or in the margins of the city to be less visible, others try to erase all forms of precariousness on their bodies, and others join the manifestation of “Enfants de Don Quichotte” in fall 2006 in Paris. During these paths, going from survival to recognition, the people make us see and think about the logics of domination which are at the same time moral, physical, and cognitive and which characterize their social status
Cerise, Emmanuel. "Fabrication de la ville de Hanoi entre planification et pratiques habitantes : conception, production et réception des formes bâties." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083067.
Повний текст джерелаMy research questions the architectural and urban forms of the dwelling in Hanoi in the relationship between their production and their reception by the population. By describing the modes of production and reception of the spatial forms of the dwelling, it is a question of showing certain permeabilities between these two a priori different processes. The built forms are always questioned in a dialectical relationship between those planned and those existing because of inhabitant's practices, between the production and the reception, in a continual comparative between the scale of the building and the scale of the city. This work is organized in two parts. The first one is dedicated to the understanding of the logics of production and planning of the architectural and urban space. It is an analysis of the city projects (Plan d'alignement - on 1890, plan directeur - on 1924, plan d'aménagement et d'extension - on 1942, general plan - on 1960, 1981, master plan - on 1992, 1998); and in a chronological vision, to emphasize the appearance of the various types of housing. The second part analyzes the reception of the forms of housing that are the rustic houses, the shop-houses, the villas, the villas/shop-houses and the apartments. With this work, I show the structural role of the modifications brought by the inhabitants in the manufacturing and the transformation of the housing environment and the city. By their lifestyles and the appropriations of the housing environment and the urban space, they participate as much in modernization of those as to maintain permeability between the urban and rural spheres. Finally, this research was used to show how the inhabitants, by transforming their housing and by adapting it to their needs from this basic unit, invited themselves in the construction of the city, following the planning elaborated under the proper authorities
Truchon, Karoline. "L'exigence de visibilité par l'image dans les sociétés contemporaines : le cas d'un complexe d'habitations sociales à Montréal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30151/30151.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDavie, Danielle. "L’habitation d’une famille bédouine en Syrie : une étude d’anthropologie filmique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100216/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis in Visual Anthropology examines the Syrian Bedouins’ living space in terms of humanized space, i.e. built and functionally transformed by the persons living in it. The field research was anthropological, but used the camera as the main tool for investigation. For the first time, this research proposes a filmic investigation method for the study of the nomads’ dwellings. Through the observation and analysis of the habitation (tents and shelters) of a Bedouin family living in a camp near Palmyra (North-East Syria), it shows how the Bedouin way of life influences the structure and the functions of their living space. Ten films describing the camp and its different utilization complement the text
Mortet, Jérôme. "Etude comparative de l'investissement psychique de l'habitat en France et aux Etats-Unis." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA1008.
Повний текст джерелаIn this current period of globalization of the housing arrangements and of thestandardization in the space layouts, are some differences subsisting in the family functioningin western societies? And if these differences remain, how do they reflect on the real housingenvironment? This thesis will approach a comparative study of the psychological investmentof the housing environment between France and the United States. The projective test named" the family test of spatiography projective " developed by Patrice Cuynet (1999-2000) set outto gain a better understanding of the image of the family body through the analysis of thecollective drawing of their dream house. This test was assigned to 30 French families and 30American families. We started from the postulate that the housing environment is anenvelope, a real skin and fantasized over the family (In. Eiguer on 1983) which works as theEgo-skin (D. Anzieu on 1985). Thanks to this methodology, we are going to be able toestablish a diagnosis on the family structuring and compare the results obtained in Franceand in the United States
Touré, Moussa. "Les avatars de la gestion urbaine à Bamako : de la logique coloniale à la logique mondiale. Essai de géographie sociale." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN1015.
Повний текст джерелаThis Ph. D offers a critical analysis of the stake of urban planning from Mali’s capital that is considered to be Africa’s fastest growing city. In consequence, Bamako has expended a lot. This demographic growth has been quite uncontrolled while there is no more land properties available within its limits. The city had expanded to rural outskirts (especially in the North East and South West). Land properties and housing policies that have been created have failed facing this demographic growth. The last 30 years that have followed the independence (1960) had been proved ineffective and socially selective, while land properties and housing solutions were insufficient. Private households had to find themselves solutions in constructing their own houses, without involving the Malian government: to access land property in Bamako had to pass through illegal and self-building processes. Political evolutions regarding urban planning in Bamako correspond in three important moments of its contemporary history: the colonial moment, the state moment and the globalized moment. If the to first logics could have been considered as authoritarian and centralized, the globalized moment that is taking place now tends to limit State intervention, considering that global market will regulate himself naturally. During all of those three moments, urban citizens have proved that their practices and strategies have taken the most part in creating and constructing the city. From the beginning of 1990’s, African States have been subject to a both political and economical liberalization impulse by International financial Institutions (IFIs) such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This work has three main objectives. It first tries to understand how controlled urbanization (by the State and the IFIs) works and what logics are at stake here. Then, it analyses what both the Institutions and the citizens had created. Finally, this work leads to interrogate topics such as the access to the city’s wealth and resources, the “right to the city” and mobility’s practices in Bamako
Vallet, Anne-Claire. "Les habitants invisibles des friches de la ville : abris discrets et incertains dans les terrains vagues et les délaissés autoroutiers aux abords de Paris." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021EHES0019.
Повний текст джерелаVacant lots and derelict spaces along motorways, insofar as they are wastelands, have a temporary but chronic existence in the city. These wastelands may appear, from the outside, to be abandoned, unoccupied, and sometimes impenetrable. However, they often include shelters, tents or huts, little or not at all visible from the urban spaces that surround them. Based on an ethnography of these discrete, precarious and unstable situations, this doctoral dissertation in anthropology examines from within and through the lens of dwelling, wastelands located in the inner suburbs of Paris. What does the effacement of shelters tell about the "being-in-the-world" and the relationship to the city of their inhabitants? How does this visual disappearance make it possible to understand what constitutes a certain habitability of wasteland? How does this habitability differ from, and even how does it confront, appropriation? Effacement of shelters, “being-in-the-world”, and relationship to the city show that, among other things, these wasteland - seemingly useless, fenced, indeterminate, unsuitable as housing or shelter - are, within the determined, planned and controlled city, essential for those who, French or foreign, from Europe or otherwise, migrants or immigrants, staying for a short time or for a long time in the city, do not have their own space and are not protected by society, the City or the State
Bernard, Tiphaine. "Habiter le foyer : Approche anthropologique de la résidentialisation des foyers à travers l’ « exception » Centenaire, une résidence sociale en co-gestion à Montreuil-sous-Bois." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080095.
Повний текст джерелаSince 1997 and following the 1994 Pierre Pascal’s and the 1996 Henri Cuq’s reports a « treatment plan »has been implemented to modernize the « Migrants Workers' Homes ». Since the 2006 circular and thelaunch of the five-year term plans to organize this changes, a speeding up and a transformation of thishomes in social residences has been noticed.Firstly, my PHD will show the ethnographic work lead with the occupants of this homes to question betterthe terminologies usually used by the institutions and their meanings. It will show the targets of this« treatment plan » with the stories and thoughts of the occupants to focus on their representations of aproper location and their own way to include themselves. The Migrants Workers' Homes' transformations willbe compared with gates community renovation process. This policy creates tensions forcing people to moveand force themselves to follow new norms. After studying the history of fights in Migrants Workers' Homesand their transmission, the modern way of fighting in this homes will be presented. Then, starting from theanalysis of the change from autonomous organization to a shared management in Migrants Workers' Homesin Montreuil, the focus is on the risks taken by the protagonists, and on the expertise of the residents. Finally,the alternative system and the residents knowledges’ recognition of legitimacy will be analysed
Najib, Kawtar. "Dynamiques socio-spatiales et modes d'habiter des espaces urbains : comparaison de Besançon, Mulhouse et Strasbourg." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00976011.
Повний текст джерелаLalonde, Martin. "La crise du logement en Algérie : des politiques d'urbanisme mésadaptées." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4427.
Повний текст джерелаThe housing crisis is generally apprehended as a simple disparity between the availability of affordable housing and the population’s needs. This dissertation's objective is to go beyond this reasoning by questioning the adequacy between public housing’s planning and the targeted population’s needs, the latter being determined by sociocultural traits in complex and dynamic evolutions. Social housing of an inappropriate size, for considerations of profitability, leading to an overpopulation, could only generate its fast deterioration. This dissertation thus approaches the anthropological theme of the influence of housing organization and public or private living spaces on human societies. The case of Algeria is of particular interest because of its virulence and the French politics importation at the moment of the colonization, whose aim was the assimilation of Algerians to occidental behaviours and models of consumerism. This dissertation tries to demonstrate that the various governments who held power after the independence have resumed the colonial politics in matters of city planning. Moreover, the growing frequency of informal practices for collecting rare strategic goods at the source for speculative reasons, including social housing, was accelerated by the housing market liberalization and the privatization of social housing. This created a situation in which very few social housing has been given to families really needing it, thus being even more marginalized and needing to resort to informal practices, hoping to improve their housing conditions.
Desmarais, Philippe T. "Logements insalubres en contexte pluriethnique : étude de cas et pistes d'intervention pour le quartier Norgate dans l'arrondissement Saint-Laurent à Montréal." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13995.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis explores the role that housing plays in the migratory experience of newcomers in Montreal as well as its impact on the first years of settling, taking into account their social and cultural characteristics. To accomplish this, a collaborative study has been conducted on the specific case of the neighborhood "Norgate", situated in the heart of the Saint-Laurent bourrough. Norgate is a neighborhood in which we can observe a constant renewal of immigrant tenents from around the world, as well as persisting problems of poverty. Taking a closer look at this social environment and the living conditions of its residents, we have ascertained the extent to which poor, and sometimes even unsanitary housing is the norm. We sought to comprehend how an urban space could come to be so degraded, and to determine the roles and responsibilities of various levels of government in the face of such a situation. Through this process, we have explored the ensemble of possible actions proposed by different actors (institutional, community organizations, and residents) that potentially have influence within the neighborhood. This thesis shows how the problem of housing in urban spaces is related to a multitude of inter-linked factors that are mutually influencing each other, and that thus a systemic analysis and approach in the field of urban anthropology is necessary. It also seeks to show that an effective urban movement necessitates a rigourous partnership between the different actors operating within a given territory, in the perspective of understanding and respecting diversity of tactics.