Дисертації з теми "Localised failure"
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Yahya, Norrul Azmi. "Strategies for mitigation of the failure of concrete pedestals supporting bridge girder bearings." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/105498/1/Norrul%20Azmi_Yahya_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSivapathasundaram, Mayooran. "Localised pull-through failures of thin steel roof battens subject to wind uplift loads." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/204638/1/Mayooran_Sivapathasundaram_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPetras, Achilles. "Design of sandwich structures." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/236995.
Повний текст джерелаNikolic, Mijo. "Rock mechanics, failure phenomena with pre-existing cracks and internal fluid flow through cracks." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DENS0043/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the problem of localized failure in rocks, which occurs often in civil engineering practice like in dam failure, foundation collapse, stability of excavaations, slopes and tunnels, landslides and rock falls. The risk of localized failure should be better understood in order to be prevented. The localized failure in rocks is usually characterized by a sudden and brittle failure without warning in a sense of larger and visible deformations prior to failure. This happens also under the strong influence of material heterogeneities, preexisting cracks and other defects.The three novel numerical models, incorporating the localized failure mechanisms, heterogeneity of rock and preexisting cracks and other defects, are presented in this thesis. First model deals with 2D plane strain two-phase rock composite, where stronger phase represents the intact rock and weaker phase initial defects. Second model represents the extension of the previous model towards the 3D space, where full set of 3D failure mechanisms is considered. Heterogeneous properties are taken here through the random distribution and Gauss statistical variation of material properties. The latter model is also used for the analysis of intact rock core specimens geometrical shape deviations influencing the uni-axial compressive strength. Third model is a 2D, dealing with volumetric fluid-structure interaction and localized failure under the influence of fluid flow throughthe porous rock medium.The discrete beam lattice approach is chosen for general framework for three models, where Voronoi cells represent the rock grains kept together by Timoshenko beams as cohesive links. The enhanced kinematics characterized for embedded discontinuity approach is added upon standard kinematics of cohesive links. This serves for the macro crack propagation in all failure modes and their combinations, between the rock grains. The fracture process zone formation followed by micro-cracks coalescence, preceding the localized failure, is considered as well. Fluid flow is governed by a Darcy law, while coupling conditions obey Biot's theory of poroplasticity. The results of the numerical models were verified by the benchmarks available from literature in 2D case. The 3D model was validated against the experimental results conducted on 90 rock specimens, where even slight geometrical deviations of specimens are considered.Presentation of these models, as well as their implementation aspects are given in full detail. Embedded discontinuity concept and the local nature of enhancements required to capture the displacement discontinuities leads to the very efficient approach with static condensation of enhanced degrees of freedom and technique that can be efficiently incorporated into finite element code architecture
Do, Xuan Nam. "Localized failure in dynamics for brittle and ductile materials." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2356.
Повний текст джерелаFailure of engineering materials and structures can be considered as a result of a complex interplay between different physical phenomena such as nucleation of cavities, microcracks,microvoids and other irreversible processes. These micro-defects eventually coalesce into one or more macro-cracks leading to a decrease in the load-bearing capability and finally, to failure of the structure under consideration. Prevention of failure of structures and structural parts has always been a critical subject and a major concern in engineering. This thesis aims to represent localized failure in non linear materials without mesh dependency. Of special interest will be the case of dynamic strain-softening. Localized phenomena are taken into account by using the embedded strong discontinuities approach in which the displacement field is enhanced to capture the discontinuity. Based upon this approach, a one-dimensional model for elasto-plastic bar capable of representing failure for ductile materials with combined hardening in FPZ-fracture process zone and softening with embedded strong discontinuities was first developed. Results comparing the proposed one-dimensional model to (semi-) analytical works are presented. It was shown that the proposed strategy provides mesh independent solutions. Strain increases in the softening domain with a simultaneous decrease of stress. The problem unloads elastically outside the strain softening region. The strain energy is found to vanish. The model was also compared with a one dimensional damage model capable of representing the dynamic fracture for elasto-damage bar with combined hardening in fracture process zone - FPZ and softening with strong embedded discontinuities to find a good agreement between two models. A two-dimensional finite element model was developed, capable of describing both the diffuse damage mechanism accompanied by initial strain hardening and subsequent softening response of the structure. The results of several numerical simulations, performed on classical mechanical tests under slowly increasing loads such as Brazilian test or three-point bending test were analyzed. The proposed dynamics framework is shown to increase computational robustness. It was found that the final direction of macro-cracks is predicted quite well and that influence of inertia effects on the obtained solutions is fairly modest especially in comparison among different meshes. This two-dimensional model was expanded further into the two dimensional continuum viscodamage-embedded discontinuity model to help briefly explore the implementation of the second order mid-point scheme that can provide improved results under limitation of viscous regularization of localized failure damage model
Tano, Robert. "Modelling of localized failure with emphasis on band paths /." Luleå, 2001. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1544/2001/08/index.html.
Повний текст джерелаBurger, B. B. "A study of localized failure modes in brittle materials." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17652.
Повний текст джерелаJukic, Miha. "Finite elements for modeling of localized failure in reinforced concrete." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997197.
Повний текст джерелаNgo, Van Minh. "Localized failure for coupled thermo-mechanics problems : applications to steel, concrete and reinforced concrete." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978452.
Повний текст джерелаDujc, Jaka. "Finite element analysis of limit load and localized failure of structures." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00505153/fr/.
Повний текст джерелаThe dissertation deals with limit load and limit ductility analysis of structures by the finite element method. When structure is at its limit load, several structural components behave inelastically, while in the critical parts of the structure, due to localization of inelastic strains, failure of material appears. Localized effects in brittle materials are related to appearance and formation of a large (macro) crack, while failure in ductile materials is governed by localized shear bands. The study of limit load is thus related to modeling both standard inelastic material effects, as well as modeling of localized failure of material, often reffered to as material softening. Standard inelastic material effects are in this work described with elastoplastic, elastoviscoplastic and nonlinear elastic material models. All the material models are defined at the level of stress-resultants. Several mathematical approaches and numerical algorithms for modeling localized effects are at hand, but they are often inefficient or inaccurate. Therefor, we use an up-to-date approach, based on a finite element method with embedded discontinuity. We derive new finite element formulations with a quite complex kinematics of the basic elements, as well as rather complex description of discontinuous displacement fields. We derived several finite element formulations for analysis of different structural components. First we present a finite element for limit load analysis of reinforced concrete plates. Stress-resultant elastoplastic and elastoviscoplastic plate finite element formulation along with a unified computational procedure that covers both formulations are presented next. Further, a nonlinear shell finite element, based on a two-surface yield function, that includes both isotropic and kinematic material hardening is presented. The last two finite elements derived in this work are intended to model the localized failure in planar beams and 2D solids. The embedded discontinuity in rotations was built into elastoplastic Euler-Bernoulli beam finite element, and a procedure, based on a precomputed analysis of a part of a structure, by using a refined numerical model, is proposed to obtain the beam constitutive model parameters. Finally, we derive an elastoplastic quadrilateral two-dimensional finite element formulation with embedded strong discontinuity, whose kinematics can model linear jumps in both normal and tangential displacements along the discontinuity line. Numerical simulations show, that the derived finite elements, along with the accompanied numerical algorithms, are an efficient and a rather robust tool for limit load and failure analysis of structures. Among other examples, we present a simulation of crack growth in brittle material and a simulation of shear band failure in ductile material. All the computer codes of the finite element formulations presented in this work have been generated through the symbolic programming of the finite element computer code and the expression optimization in AceGen computer program. The performance of these elements has been presented in numerous numerical examples, all performed by the AceFem computer program
Stanic, Andjelka. "Solution methods for failure analysis of massive structural elements." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2383/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis studies: the methods for failure analysis of solids and structures, and the embedded strong discontinuity finite elements for modelling material failures in quasi brittle 2d solids. As for the failure analysis, the consistently linearized path-following method with quadratic constraint equation is first presented and studied in detail. The derived path-following method can be applied in the nonlinear finite element analysis of solids and structures in order to compute a highly nonlinear solution path. However, when analysing the nonlinear problems with the localized material failures (i.e. materialsoftening), standard path-following methods can fail. For this reason we derived new versions of the pathfollowing method, with other constraint functions, more suited for problems that take into account localized material failures. One version is based on adaptive one-degree-of-freedom constraint equation, which proved to be relatively successful in analysing problems with the material softening that are modelled by the embedded-discontinuity finite elements. The other versions are based on controlling incremental plastic dissipation or plastic work in an inelastic structure. The dissipation due to crack opening and propagation, computed by e.g. embedded discontinuity finite elements, is taken into account. The advantages and disadvantages of the presented path-following methods with different constraint equations are discussed and illustrated on a set of numerical examples. As for the modelling material failures in quasi brittle 2d solids (e.g. concrete), several embedded strong discontinuity finite element formulations are derived and studied. The considered formulations are based either on: (a) classical displacement-based isoparametric quadrilateral finite element or (b) on quadrilateral finite element enhanced with incompatible displacements. In order to describe a crack formation and opening, the element kinematics is enhanced by four basic separation modes and related kinematic parameters. The interpolation functions that describe enhanced kinematics have a jump in displacements along the crack. Two possibilities were studied for deriving the operators in the local equilibrium equations that are responsible for relating the bulk stresses with the tractions in the crack. For the crack embedment, the major-principle-stress criterion was used, which is suitable for the quasi brittle materials. The normal and tangential cohesion tractions in the crack are described by two uncoupled, nonassociative damage-softening constitutive relations. A new crack tracing algorithm is proposed for computation of crack propagation through the mesh. It allows for crack formation in several elements in a single solution increment. Results of a set of numerical examples are provided in order to assess the performance of derived embedded strong discontinuity quadrilateral finite element formulations, the crack tracing algorithm, and the solution methods
Doktorska disertacija obravnava: (i) metode za porušno analizo trdnih teles in konstrukcij, ter (ii) končne elemente z vgrajeno močno nezveznostjo za modeliranje materialne porušitve v kvazi krhkih 2d trdnih telesih. Za porušno analizo smo najprej preučili konsistentno linearizirano metodo sledenja ravnotežne poti skvadratno vezno enačbo (metoda krožnega loka). Metoda omogoča izračun analize nelinearnih modelov, ki imajo izrazito nelinearno ravnotežno pot. Kljub temu standardne metode sledenja poti lahko odpovedo,kadar analiziramo nelinearne probleme z lokalizirano materialno porušitvijo (mehčanje materiala). Zatosmo izpeljali nove različice metode sledenja poti z drugimi veznimi enačbami, ki so bolj primerne zaprobleme z lokalizirano porušitvijo materiala. Ena različica temelji na adaptivni vezni enačbi, pri katerivodimo izbrano prostostno stopnjo. Izkazalo se je, da je metoda relativno uspešna pri analizi problemov zmaterialnim mehčanjem, ki so modelirani s končnimi elementi z vgrajeno nezveznostjo. Druge različicetemeljijo na kontroli plastične disipacije ali plastičnega dela v neelastičnem trdnem telesu ali konstrukciji.Upoštevana je tudi disipacija zaradi širjenja razpok v elementih z vgrajeno nezveznostjo. Prednosti inslabosti predstavljenih metod sledenja ravnotežnih poti z različnimi veznimi enačbami so predstavljeni naštevilnih numeričnih primerih. Za modeliranje porušitve materiala v kvazi krhkih 2d trdnih telesih (npr. betonskih) smo izpeljali različne formulacije končnih elementov z vgrajeno močno nezveznostjo v pomikih. Obravnavane formulacije temeljijo bodisi (a) na klasičnem izoparametričnem štirikotnem končnem elementu bodisi (b) na štirikotnem končnem elementu, ki je izboljšan z nekompatibilnimi oblikami za pomike. Nastanek in širjenje razpoke opišemo tako, da kinematiko v elementu dopolnimo s štirimi osnovnimi oblikami širjenja razpoke in pripadajočimi kinematičnimi parametri. Interpolacijske funkcije, ki opisujejo izboljšano kinematiko, zajemajo skoke v pomikih vzdolž razpoke. Obravnavali smo dva načina izpeljave operatorjev, ki nastopajo v lokalni ravnotežni enačbi in povezujejo napetosti v končnem elementu z napetostmi na vgrajeni nezveznosti. Kriterij za vstavitev nezveznosti (razpoke) temelji na kriteriju največje glavne napetosti in je primeren za krhke materiale. Normalne in tangentne kohezijske napetosti v razpoki opišemo z dvema nepovezanima, poškodbenima konstitutivnima zakonoma za mehčanje. Predlagamo novi algoritem za sledenje razpoki za izračun širjenja razpoke v mreži končnih elementov. Algoritem omogoča formacijo razpok v več končnih elementih v enem obtežnem koraku. Izračunali smo številne numerične primere, da bi ocenili delovanje izpeljanih formulacij štirikotnih končnih elementov z vgrajeno nezveznostjo in algoritma za sledenje razpoki kot tudi delovanje metod sledenja ravnotežnih poti
Motamedi, MohammadHosein. "Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Response of Geomaterials from Strain Hardening to Localized Failure." Thesis, University of Illinois at Chicago, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10295585.
Повний текст джерелаThe Sandia GeoModel is a continuum elastoplastic constitutive model which captures many features of the mechanical response for geological materials over a wide range of porosities and strain rates. Among the specific features incorporated into the formulation are a smooth compression cap, isotropic/kinematic hardening, nonlinear pressure dependence, strength differential effect, and rate sensitivity. This study attempts to provide enhancements regarding computational tractability, domain of applicability, and robustness of the model. A new functional form is presented for the yield and plastic potential functions. The model is also furnished with a smooth, elliptical tension cap to account for the tensile failure. This reformulation renders a more accurate, robust and efficient model as it eliminates spurious solutions attributed to the original form. In addition, this constitutive model is adopted in bifurcation analysis to track the inception of new localization and crack path propagation. For the post-localization regime, a cohesive-law fracture model, able to address mixed-model failure condition, is implemented to characterize the constitutive softening behavior on the surface of discontinuity. To capture propagating fracture, the Assumed Enhanced Strain (AES) method is invoked. Particular mathematical treatments are incorporated into the simulation concerning numerical efficiency and robustness issues. Finally, the aforementioned modified cap plasticity model is employed to investigate the nonlinear dynamic response of the earthen substructure of the rail. Studying the effects of high-speed trains on the track substructure.
Kalu, Ifeanyi Emmanuel. "Failure assessment of boiler tubes under localized external erosion to support maintenance decisions." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/77832.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
PhD
Unrestricted
Shea, Thomas Michael. "Localized Expansion of Pedicle Screws for Increased Stability and Safety in the Osteoporotic Spine." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5308.
Повний текст джерелаCouture, Cyrille. "Caractérisation du comportement mécanique de grès poreux en condition triaxiale vraie : déformation diffuse et localisée, effet de l'anisotropie." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI058.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this doctoral thesis consists in the characterization of diffuse and localized deformations during monotonic loading of both isotropic and anisotropic porous sandstones. In particular, the kinematics of emerging and persistent strain localization structures are investigated in a combination of complementary experimental, analytical and numerical approaches, exploring the effect of different true triaxial loading paths in the octahedral plane.A series of experimental loading tests have been performed in a laboratory environment comprising a high pressure true triaxial apparatus (TTA), which is designed to provide access to full-field measurements of one of the sample surfaces at high spacial and temporal resolutions. Important developments contributed in this work enabled to extend the capabilities for this apparatus to perform invariant controlled loading paths, while acquiring direct strain measurements from a combination of strain gauges and digital image correlation (DIC). Using this apparatus, two experimental campaigns have been realized, focusing on the mechanical characterization of both a well-studied isotropic Vosges sandstone and a newly studied anisotropic Vosges sandstone. The later sandstone has been selected for the organization of its granular fabric in thin bedding plane layers of variable porosity. The results from these series of mechanical loading experiments contribute an original insight into the emergence and development of localized deformation during different stages of loading. A combined analysis is performed on the evolution of the macroscopic stress-strain responses, full-field measurements of incremental strains through DIC, as well as post-mortem x-ray tomography. Additionally, in this investigation exploring rarely considered loading paths, the independent role of the mean stress, the Lode angle and the orientation of the bedding planes is systematically studied according to their respective influence on the material strength, the manifestation of localized structures and the transition towards a ductile behavior of the material.In terms of analytical development, a bifurcation analysis is proposed for a novel three invariant model, validated with experimental results obtained for the isotropic sandstone. This theoretical model, proved to be successful in predicting both the deformation band inclination and the dilatancy angle of the material at failure.In parallel, a double scale model based on numerical homogenization is presented. In this approach, a macro 2D finite element model (FEM) is coupled to a micro 3D discrete element model (DEM) at the particle scale of a representative elementary volume (REV) in the frame of a hierarchical scheme (FEMxDEM), with second gradient regularization. This model is extended in the scope of this work to the study of cemented granular materials, with the development of a frictional-cohesive damageable contact law, implemented at the DEM level. In an extensive series of true triaxial loading simulations, the hierarchical numerical model is used to explore both the influence of different micro-structural arrangements (DEM) and heterogeneities at the sample scale (FEM). In this respect, two types of anisotropies resulting from heterogeneities defined at each scales are further investigated. The mechanical response and localized deformation, emerging from the micro-scale constitutive model, is shown to display significant correspondence with experimental observations in the studied Vosges sandstones.This combination of advanced experimental, analytical and numerical studies contributes a unique insight into important and open questions regarding the mechanical response and deformation processes of cemented granular materials
Anyanwu, Ezechukwu John. "The Effect of Flow on the Development and Retention of Iron Sulfide Corrosion ProductLayers." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1547118739941844.
Повний текст джерелаRukavina, Ivan. "Cyber-physics intrinsic modelling for smart systems." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://bibliotheque.utc.fr/EXPLOITATION/doc/IFD/2021COMP2581.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, a multi-scale and multi-physics coupling computation procedure for a 2D and 3D setting is presented. When modeling the behavior of a structure by a multi-scale method, the macro-scale is used to describe the homogenized response of the structure, and the micro-scale to describe the details of the behavior on the smaller scale of the material where some inelastic mechanisms, like damage or plasticity, can be taken into account. The micro-scale mesh is defined for each macro-scale element in a way to fit entirely inside it. The two scales are coupled by imposing a constraint on the displacement field over their interface. The computation is performed using the operator split solution procedure on both scales, using the standard finite element method. In a 2D setting, an embedded discontinuity is implemented in the Q4 macroscale element to capture the softening behavior happening on the micro-scale. For the micro-scale element, a constant strain triangle (CST) is used. In a 3D setting, a macro-scale tetrahedral and hexahedral elements are developed, while on the micro-scale Timoshenko beam finite elements are used. This multi-scale methodology is extended with a multi-physics functionality, to simulate the behavior of a piezoelectric material. An additional degree of freedom (voltage) is added on the nodes of the 3D macro-scale tetrahedral and hexahedral elements. For the micro-scale element, a Timoshenko beam element with added polarization switching model is used. Also, a multi-scale Hellinger- Reissner formulation for electrostatics has been developed and implemented for a simple electrostatic patch test. For implementing the proposed procedure, Finite Element Analysis Program (FEAP) is used. To simulate the behavior on both macro and micro-scale, FEAP is modified and two different version of FEAP code are implemented – macroFEAP and microFEAP. For coupling, the two codes are exchanging information between them, and Component Template Library (CTL) is used. The capabilities of the proposed multi-scale approach in a 2D and 3D pure mechanics settings, but also multi-physics environment have been shown. The theoretical formulation and algorithmic implementation are described, and the advantages of the multi-scale approach for modeling heterogeneous materials are shown on several numerical examples
Le, Linh Anh. "A Mechanism-based Approach to Constitutive Modelling of Quasi-Brittle Geomaterials with and without Fibre Reinforcement." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119898.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, 2019
Royster, Preston Blaze. "Localized low cycle fatigue failure of welded steel moment connections." 2007. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11082007-173758/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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