Дисертації з теми "Localisation optimale"
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Najem, Abdessamad. "Localisation optimale d'actionneurs pour une classe de systemes paraboliques." Perpignan, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PERP0042.
Повний текст джерелаNajem, Abdessamad. "Localisation optimale d'actionneurs pour une classe de systèmes paraboliques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608364c.
Повний текст джерелаCeleste, Francis. "Cartes incertaines et planification optimale pour la localisation d'un engin autonome." Phd thesis, Université Européenne de Bretagne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00483272.
Повний текст джерелаGuo, Zhiyi. "Résolution heuristique et optimale du problème de localisation de dépôts avec équilibrage." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ECAP0160.
Повний текст джерелаMartinez, Flores Leonardo. "Modèles de localisation optimale dans une ville multicentrée : recherche d'un critère fondé sur la productivité du travail." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100041.
Повний текст джерелаZojceski, Zdravko. "Etude d'une solution technologique optimale pour l'electronique de localisation des particules avec des detecteurs a gaz (chambre proportionelle multifil)." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112152.
Повний текст джерелаAcar, Alper. "Optimal Urban Planning and Housing Prices : a Spatial Analysis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCG008.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation studies the effect of optimal urban planning on housing prices diffusion in local real-estate markets. The study uses facility location theory and spatial econometrics to investigate how graph properties and optimal location models can contribute to a better understanding and evaluation of the impact of spatial multiplier effects in the economy. To this end, the research is based on a methodology that combines the creation of decision-support tools and the study of real estate prices using hierarchical spatial econometric models. The results states that using optimal spatial relationships enables a more precise analysis of the impacts of urban planning on the diffusion of prices. Conversely, the consideration of “classical” spatial relationships either underestimates or overestimates the spatial impacts
Le, Gouic Thibaut. "Localisation de masse et espaces de Wasserstein." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2163/.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of this manuscript is based on two disctincts tools : the packing and the Wasserstein spaces. A first part focuses on the measure localization of a probability Mu. For a regular Mu, the level sets of its density are a good notion to localize where measure is dense, but loose its meaning for a finitely supported measure such as the empirical measure. We thus define a function Tau , called size function, on the closed sets, based on the packing of the sets. The sets of smallest Tau -size with a given probability 1 − alpha localize dense areas, even if Mu is not regular. We show that these smallest sets given Mu and alpha depend continuously on Mu and alpha, for the Hausdorff distance. We derive a new method to quantize Mu in a robust and stable way. A second part focuses on the Wasserstein distance between a probability measure and the associated empirical measure. We obtain a non asymptotic upper bound of the expectation of this distance, for any arbitrary underlying metric space. An application of the result to finite dimensional spaces shows the accuracy of the bound. We also obtain new bounds for the case of Gaussian measure on Banach spaces that coincide asymptotically with the best quantizers possible. Using concentration inequalities, we show deviation bounds. Finally, we use these results to define non asymptotic and non parametric statistical tests of goodness of fit to a family of probability measures. A third part focuses on the barycenter of a finite family of probability measures. The Fréchet mean is an extension to the notion of barycenter to metric spaces, and gives us a way to define barycenter on Wasserstein spaces. We show the existence of these barycenters and then study properties of continuity on the family of measures. We then discuss practical applications in agreagation of empirical measures and texture mixing
Wang, Sen. "Optimal state estimation based robot localisation in GPS-denied 3D space." Thesis, University of Essex, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701368.
Повний текст джерелаGuérault, Frédéric. "Techniques statistiques pour l'estimation de la position d'un objet dans des images bruitées." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30007.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Berre Matthieu. "Optimisation de déploiement et localisation de cible dans les réseaux de capteurs." Thesis, Troyes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TROY0021/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, a joint approach for deployment optimization and target tracking in sensor networks is developed. First, we have proposed a linear model to minimize the number of deployed sensors and maximize the accuracy of the localization. We have also implemented several multi-objective methods and proposed hybridization for some of them.We have also proposed a modification of the previous model, taking into account the indoor localization constraints. Two methods of the previous problem have been used, and a specific heuristic has been developed.Finally, two linear models taking into account coverage and connectivity have been proposed. A Branch and Bound algorithm has also been developed, considering a geometric lower bound and two properties to reduce the number of fathomed nodes
Mirabel, François. "Energie, transports et externalités : comportements et politiques optimales de localisation et de déplacement dans l'espace urbain." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON10040.
Повний текст джерелаThe main object of this thesis is to bring to light the fondamental features of individual's rational behaviours in order to specify the equilibrium configuration of locations and movements in urban area. In such a case, the object is to compare this equilibrium configurations with socially optimal structures and to identify the externalities which explain the differences between the two types of configurations. In a normative approach, the final object is to precise the public policies that the government has to set in order to modify (or to influence) the location's and movement's homogeneous behaviours of individuals and finally, to restore the urban social optimum. From this point of view, the theoretical analysis of this thesis (which are conducted in spatial and temporal dynamic frameworks) are lead in the neoclassical paradigm of the "welfare economics". . . Our work is divided into two parts based on the distinction between location's questions and movement's questions
Vu, Dinh Thang. "Outils statistiques pour le positionnement optimal de capteurs dans le contexte de la localisation de sources." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00638778.
Повний текст джерелаBonneu, Florent. "Processus ponctuels spatiaux pour l'analyse du positionnement optimal et de la concentration." Phd thesis, Toulouse 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00465270.
Повний текст джерелаLemarchand, Antoine. "Modélisation multi-modèle incertaine du trafic routier et suivi robuste de profils optimaux aux entrées des voies périurbaines." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENT117/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis document synthesizes my Phd thesis work in Automatic Control in Grenoble-INP. This thesis has been prepared in the automatic control department of thelaboratory GIPSA-lab. This work is situated in the area of traffic systems control andsupervision. Our contributions are about modeling, supervision and local traffic control.The CTM traffic model has been extended with a model of uncertainties. Thisnews model allows us to take into account the uncertain parameters of the model, topropose new robust switched control law.In addition to this modeling approach, we propose some developments on supervisionof trafic systems. On one hand, we can estimate the operating mode of thesystem in real time and on the other hand to estimate some faults on the system. Thedynamical estimation of the operating mode allows us to know the state of congestion(or non congestion) of the road. We are able to estimate faults such as speed fall andcapacities drop that may appear.Finally, we propose two control laws based on switching systems control. The developedcontrollers adapt their geometry to the properties of the system. The purposeof these controllers is to be inserted in a hierarchic control scheme
Gianessi, Paolo. "Optimisation Stratégique et tactique en logistique urbaine." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132036/document.
Повний текст джерелаUrban freight transport is a matter of increasing concern in the economic, commercial, social and environmental operations of our cities, due to the constantly increasing growth and urbanization of the civilization. An improved managem ent of the traffic related to the freight transport can have a positive impact in many respects : security, congestion of the road network, noise and air pollution, costs. City Logistics studies the dynamic management of urban freight transport in order to deliver distribution systems solutions that may be suitable for both the community and freight carriers. This thesis originates from the ANR Project MODUM, which proposes a freight distribution system based on a ring of Urban Distribution Centers (UDCs) located in the outskirts of a city. In the first part, this system is studied from both a strategic and a tactical point of view. The Multicommodity-Ring Location Routing Problem (MRLRP) considers long-term decisions, i.e. the installation of the UDCs and the ring connection, without disregarding more tactical aspects. The MRLRP has been tackled by three solution methods, which proved effective on a large set of test instances. In the second part of the thesis, the Vehicle Routing Problem with Intermediate Replenishment Facilities (VRPIRF) is studied. The VRPIRF is a more tactical problem that arises in City Logistics each time both the multi-trip and the multi-depot features, i.e. the possibility for a vehicle to be reloaded at one of a set of facilities, are present. Several exact algorithms, namely two of type Branch&Cut and two of type Branch& Price, have been developed for this problem. computational experiments on benchmark instances taken from the literature have been conducted to assess their performance, leading to very promising results
Génevé, Lionel. "Système de déploiement d'un robot mobile autonome basé sur des balises." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD024/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is part of a project which aims at developing an autonomous mobile robot able to perform specific tasks in a preset area. To ease the setup of the system, radio-frequency beacons providing range measurements with respect to the robot are set up beforehand on the borders of the robot’s workspace. The system deployment consists in two steps, one for learning the environment, then a second, where the robot executes its tasks autonomously. These two steps require to solve the localization and simultaneous localization and mapping problems for which several solutions are proposed and tested in simulation and on real datasets. Moreover, to ease the setup and improve the system performances, a beacon placement algorithm is presented and tested in simulation in order to validate in particular the improvement of the localization performances
Ta, Thanh Thuy Tien. "New single machine scheduling problems with deadline for the characterization of optimal solutions." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR4015/document.
Повний текст джерелаWe consider a single machine scheduling problem with deadlines and we want to characterise the set of optimal solutions, without enumerating them. We assume that jobs are numbered in EDD order and that this sequence is feasible. The key idea is to use the lattice of permutations and to associate to the supremum permutation the EDD sequence. In order to characterize a lot of solutions, we search for a feasible sequence, as far as possible to the supremum. The distance is the level of the sequence in the lattice, which has to be minimum. This new objective function is investigated. Some polynomially particular cases are identified, but the complexity of the general case problem remains open. Some resolution methods, polynomial and exponential, are proposed and evaluated. The level of the sequence being related to the positions of jobs in the sequence, new objective functions related to the jobs positions are identified and studied. The problem of minimizing the total weighted positions of jobs is proved to be strongly NP-hard. Some particular cases are investigated, resolution methods are also proposed and evaluated
Eskandarpour, Majid. "Generic models and optimization algorithms for sustainable supply chain network design." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EMNA0195/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the development of mathematical models and optimization algorithms for the design of sustainable supply chains. We propose single-period, multi-commodity, multi-mode, four level models (suppliers, production facilities, warehouses and customers) covering economic and environmental pillars of sustainable development. The decision variables are related to the location of the intermediate logistics sites (production units and warehouses), the choice of technology and mode of transport, and the determination of product flow. A first model is based solely on minimizing total costs. This model is extended to bi-objective minimization by considering CO2 emissions. We propose an optimization procedure based on the Large Neighborhood Search (LNS) metaheuristic, which had almost never been applied to problems with mixed variables such as design supply chain. Our extension to the bi-objective case involves the use of the multi-directional local search (MDLS). Extensive numerical experiments assess the relevance of our model and compare the performance of our algorithms to those of a state-of-the-art solver
Danach, Kassem. "Hyperheuristiques pour des problèmes d’optimisation en logistique." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ECLI0025/document.
Повний текст джерелаSuccess in using exact methods for large scale combinatorial optimization is still limited to certain problems or to specific classes of instances of problems. The alternative way is either using metaheuristics or matheuristics that rely on exact methods in some ways. In the context of combinatorial optimization, we are interested in heuristics to choose heuristics invoked to solve the addressed problem. In this thesis, we focus on hyperheuristic optimization in logistic problems. We focus on proposing a hyperheuristic framework that carries out a search in the space of heuristic algorithms and learns how to change the incumbent heuristic in a systematic way along the process in such a way that a good sequence of heuristics produces high quality solutions. We propose HHs for two problems in logistics: the workover rig scheduling problem and the hub location routing problem. Then, we compare the performances of several HHs described in the literature for the latter problem, which embed different heuristic selection methods such as a random selection, a choice function, a Q-Learning approach, and an ant colony based algorithm. The computational results prove the efficiency of HHs for the two problems in hand, and the relevance of including Lagrangian relaxation information for the second problem
Pehlivan, Canan. "Design and flow control of stochastic health care networks without waiting rooms : A perinatal application." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00994291.
Повний текст джерелаBen, Zid Maha. "Emploi de techniques de traitement de signal MIMO pour des applications dédiées réseaux de capteurs sans fil." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT017/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to study from a signal processing point of view the use of MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication systems for algorithms dedicated to wireless sensor networks. We investigate energy-constrained wireless sensor networks and we focus on cluster topology of the network. This topology permits for the use of MIMO communication system model. First, we review different aspects that characterize the wireless sensor network. Then, we introduce the existing strategies for energy conservation in the network. The basic concepts of MIMO systems are presented in the second chapter and numerical results are provided for evaluating the performances of MIMO techniques. Of particular interest, polarization diversity over rich scattering environment is studied. Thereafter, beamforming approach is proposed for the development of an original localization algorithm in wireless sensor network. The novel algorithm is described and performances are evaluated by simulation. We determine the optimal system configuration between a pair of clusters that permits for the highest capacity to energy ratio in the fourth chapter. The final chapter is devoted to sensor nodes selection in wireless sensor network. The aim of using such technique is to make energy conservation in the network