Дисертації з теми "Local phenomenon"
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Kouchakzadeh, Salah. "The local scouring phenomenon at bridge abutments terminating in the floodplain zone." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9915.
Повний текст джерелаMoench, Matthew. "An Investigation into Crowd Out Phenomenon in Local Churches: Combining Experimental and Survey Methodology." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1370857293.
Повний текст джерелаPangle, Teresa Marie. "Medjugorje's Effects: A History of Local, State and Church Response to the Medjugorje Phenomenon." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1300755377.
Повний текст джерелаVasilevskaya, Marina. "The phenomenon of federalism division of authorities, intrastate stability, and international behavior /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.
Знайти повний текст джерелаAL, SHAWWA Haya. "Italy’s new immigrant entrepreneurship: The paths of development of this new phenomenon." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389434.
Повний текст джерелаShapcotte, Timothy Frank. "A biblical and functional response by the local church to the "adult children of dysfunctional families" phenomenon." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.
Повний текст джерелаGårseth-Nesbakk, Levi. "Experimentation with accural accounting at central government level in Norway : how a global phenomenon becomes a local practice /." Bodø, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/566502046.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаZerbinati, Stefania. "An empirical analysis of the phenomenon of EU funding in Italian and English local governments : a theory-building approach." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247644.
Повний текст джерелаNelson, James. "Hillbilly Music & Early Live Radio Programming in Bowling Green & Glasgow, Kentucky: Country Music as a Local Phenomenon." TopSCHOLAR®, 1994. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3151.
Повний текст джерелаPekelharing, Elizelle Juaneé. "The phenomenon of the urban edge as a planning tool for compact cities : an international and local comparison / Elizelle Juaneé Pekelharing." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1000.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Art. et Scien.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
Ranke, Ingrid. "A Wind Farm as a Controversial Landscape Phenomenon : A qualitative study of local residents' attitudes towards wind power implementation in their neighborhood." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för geografi, medier och kommunikation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33279.
Повний текст джерелаLee, Barry Everett. "The Nashville Civil Rights Movement: A Study of the Phenomenon of Intentional Leadership Development and its Consequences for Local Movements and the National Civil Rights Movement." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/history_diss/16.
Повний текст джерелаLedesma, Alonso René. "Study of the interaction between a liquid film and a local probe." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013INPT0105/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe static and dynamic interaction between a local probe and a liquid film provokes the deformation of the latter. This phenomenon has been described by means of analytical equations, which had been analyzed and numerically solved. Probe/liquid and liquid/substrate interaction potentials have been deduced from the integration of the dispersion forces. The pressure difference across the air/liquid interface has been calculated with a modified Young-Laplace equation, which takes into account the effects of gravity, surface tension, the liquid film/substrate and the probe/liquid interaction potentials. For the static case, the equilibrium modified Young-Laplace equation has been considered. The lubrication theory has been used to describe the liquid film evolution, in order to analyze the dynamic phenomenon. Numerical simulations of the equilibrium surface shape and the dynamic evolution of the film have been performed. Stable and unstable behaviors had been discerned, and results confirmed the existence of a threshold distance, for the static case, and a combination of oscillation parameters, for the dynamic situation, for which the jump of the liquid to contact the probe occurs. A theoretical analysis confirmed the existence of critical conditions separating the behavior regimes. This critical conditions indicate the role of the physical and geometric parameters in the system stability. For the dynamic case, preliminary results are reported and a qualitative interpretation of the phenomenon is formulated. In addition, AFM force and amplitude spectroscopy experiments had been performed and compared with the numerical results
Ben, Elhaj Salah Sami. "Modélisation non-locale et stochastique de matériaux à fort gradient de propriétés par développement asymptotique." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ESMA0018.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim is to propose a macroscopic, deterministic and non-local model, constructed by scale transition for heterogeneous materials with high property gradients and containing a random distribution of inclusions. More precisely, the inclusions are distributed in an elastic matrix according to a stochastic ergodic process. Several non-local models exist in the literature, but they do not allow (or very little) to obtain non-local quantities and/or fields at the macroscopic scale from a scale-transition. Besides, it is often difficult to link the non-local parameters to the microstructure. To this aim, we developed a two-step approach.In the first stage, we combined the method of asymptotic developments with an energetic approach to reveal a second displacement gradient in the strain energy. The advanced model involves three homogenized elasticity tensors functions of the stochastic parameter and of the phase properties. As opposed to the literature, the model involves two characteristic lengths strongly linked to the microstructure. These lengths define two morphological representative elementary volumes on which full field simulations are performed in order to determine the macroscopic strain tensors at orders 0 and 1 involved in the formulation of the model. In order to test this first version of the model, numerical simulations were performed. The estimate of the classical part of the energy, coming from the local part of the fields, has been successfully compared to classical bounds for a composite bar consisting of a random distribution of two homogeneous and isotropic elastic materials. Then, numerical solving of the whole model including the non-local terms has been performed in the three-dimensional case. Two types of microstructures with increasing morphological complexity were used. The first ones are virtual microstructures generated from a given simple pattern randomly distributed throughout the structure and composed of a big inclusion circled by six identical small ones. The second are real microstructures of Ethylène-Propylène-Diène Monomère (EPDM) obtained by tomography and containing clusters of inclusions with complex structures.In order to obtain a macroscopic model that can be used for structure analysis, without any full field intermediate calculations, a second scale transition has been performed using stochastic variational homogenization tools in the ergodic case. More precisely, the Γ-convergence method has been used in order to have a convergence of energy rather than that of mechanical fields, aiming at keeping a strong microstructural content. In fine, the model is macroscopic, non-local, deterministic and strongly connected to the microstructure. Non-local effects are now accounted for by the presence of the second displacement gradient but also by the presence of the virtual (memory) displacement field of the inclusions. The link with microstructure is still manifest through the presence of the stochastic parameter and phase properties, but also by the presence of the asymptotic fractions of the inclusion phase in the material and in each of the morphological volumes defined by the model characteristic lengths. In order to prepare the use of the model for structure calculations, a non-local finite element enriched with Hermit-type interpolations was implemented in FoXtroT, the finite element solver of the Pprime Institute. This element takes into account the virtual (memory) displacement field related to inclusions as well as the gradients of the macroscopic and virtual displacement fields. The first numerical results on this aspect, to our knowledge never discussed in the literature, are promising
Ramírez, Gonzales Andrea. "“¿Qué se dice de la moda sostenible para los protagonistas?”. Un análisis de la percepción de los actores de la moda sostenible local sobre su representación en los medios digitales peruanos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653928.
Повний текст джерелаThis research is focused on understanding the perception of the most recurrent characters in the local atmosphere of sustainable fashion (designers, entities and content creators) regarding the production of content on this subject in peruvian digital media from the beginning of 2020. For this, the concepts of fashion were considered as a social phenomenon within a specific group in which the sender and the receiver interact, the adaptation of fashion journalism to the digital world, what difficulties fashion journalism faces from according to the geographic space in which it is developed and the production of information on sustainable fashion on virtual platforms. The methodology to carry out this analysis is qualitative.
Trabajo de investigación
Borjan, Zoran. "Application of local functional theory to surface critical phenomena." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302201.
Повний текст джерелаBanwait, Barinder S. "On some local to global phenomena for abelian varieties." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/58400/.
Повний текст джерелаHoussat, Mohammed. "Nanocomposite electrical insulation : multiscale characterization and local phenomena comprehension." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30211.
Повний текст джерелаIn the electrical insulation field, it was demonstrated that nanocomposite (NC) organic/inorganic hybrid materials assure a distinct improvement of their high temperature/high voltage functioning and allow the electrical insulation to strengthen its dielectric properties. Recently, it was shown that some modifications of the electrical properties such as permittivity, dielectric breakdown, partial discharges resistance or lifetime are often awarded to the nanoparticle/matrix interphase, a region where the presence of the nanoparticle changes the matrix properties. Moreover, recent studies show that the nanoparticle surface functionalization allows a better dispersion of the particles within the host matrix. This better dispersion affects the interphase zone and plays a major role in the nanocomposite properties improvement as well. However, the role of the interphase remains theoretical and few experimental results exist to describe this phenomenon. Accordingly, because of its nanometer scale, the interphase properties characterization remains a challenge. Two main studies are carried out, during this thesis work, that can provide a better understanding of structure-properties relationships in polymer nanocomposite. First, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is employed to make at the same time qualitative and quantitative measurements of these interaction zones within Polyimide/Silicon Nitride (PI/Si3N4) nanocomposite. The Peak Force Quantitative Nano Mechanical (PF QNM) AFM mode reveals the presence of the interphase by measuring mechanical properties (Young modulus, deformation or adhesion). Electrostatic force microscope (EFM) mode is used in order to detect and measure the matrix and interphase local permittivity. Moreover, the aim of this work is to present the effect of the surface functionalization of silicon nitride (Si3N4) nanoparticles on the interphase regions. Mechanical and electrical quantitative results permit comparing the interphase dimension and properties between treated and untreated Si3N4 nanoparticles. As a result, this new approach to characterize the nanocomposite interphase zone using local measurements confronts experimental results with theoretical models. A new model based on the obtained experimental results is proposed. In addition, the second part of this study presents a macroscopic investigation on the dielectric properties and breakdown strength of neat polyimide, untreated and treated nanocomposite films. Results reveal the interphase role on the reduction of the electrode polarization (EP) phenomenon due to ionic movements especially at high temperatures. For untreated nanoparticles, these effects are less important due to the aggregate formation. In contrast, an EP drastic decrease is obtained by functionalizing the nanofiller surface with a silane coupling agent. Finally, the high temperature breakdown strength for all samples is investigated and shows a considerable increase of nanocomposites dielectric performance at high temperature compared to neat PI
Idrizbegovic-Zgonic, Aida. ""Challenge of set frames"." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3147.
Повний текст джерелаExploration of current trends in the Contextual Architecture (urban setting), meanings of context and finding new ways to connect to the existing. The key issue is establishing a relationship between new building and its setting (frames) through contextual processes like local scenarios or phenomenon or negotiation with site. The principles of dialogue and tension are tools that allow us to establish the new contextual order.
XXI Ciclo
1976
Acheampong, Ernest Yeboah. "Analyse socioéconomique du «phénomène de don en retour» : les footballeurs africains en Europe et l'aide à leurs communautés d'origine." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAS016/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe increase in movement of professional footballers from Africa to the European leagues as observed since the 1990’, has transformed the labour football migration. In return, this also impacted African footballers’ incomes, social status, and their relation to the communities of origin in terms of socio-economic support. This research focuses on this subject by drawing on the understanding of the evolution of African professional football, players migration itineraries, as to explain the ‘give back phenomenon’ (GBP) related to their relationship with the communities of origin. It examines the role of the economic and non-economic factors that orient African footballers’ ways of giving back to their families, relatives, and the communities. Their give back may be determined by the aim of return on investments, by the influence of communities’ values, norms, or by embeddedness in social networks or by the institutionalised networks related to footballers’ migration. In other words, the analysis of their giving back may be based on the combination of social, cultural and economic factors. Thus, this research mobilised multidisciplinary approach through the socio-economic theoretical model of analysis. Weber methodology helps to do so, in the analysis of footballers’ 'give back' action. This is generally considered as the players’ social contribution and their communities expect to receive something from financially successful professional African migrant players. The study’s qualitative survey was based on thirty-two interviews of professional players from Africa including, biographies and autobiographies. The results show that African migrant players’ behaviours in term of giving back depend on their justifications, which are based on economic interest, social or cultural logics.The research revealed three major outcomes:1) specific evolution of African football and communities’ perception of professional football. This identified one periodization, with three phases, showing families, football structures and migration strategies evolution: a) the controversial vision of football (the 1980s): football vs. school b) the shared vision of football (the 1990s): gradual shift from social activity to a professional activity, and c) football professionalism as an opportunity (the 2000s) 2) three types of players’ migration itineraries which are linked to their strategies, networks mobilised, and the resources available to them: a) collective resource-based, b) formal networks-based, and c) individual resource-based. 3) typology of 'GBP' based on African migrant players’ socio-economic behaviours was a) hybrid family, b) cross-closed family, c) shared family, and d) shadow family that influenced their type of investments in the communities. On another hand, some projects of players tend to support regional and national development in the communities. However, African player migrants have to manage and protect the fame, and sporting resources by using them intelligently to do good things for their communities, friends and others beyond the continent. In conclusion, the itineraries of players’ show the role of the communities in their migration projects. On another hand, the evolution of African football displays how players’ strategies changed with the structuration of African football and the attractiveness of the European football market. The co-determining of economic and non-economic factors relating to the ‘GBP’, justify the use of economic sociology theories. This research demonstrates that ‘GBP’ is not only based on the players’ economic interest but also the combination of social, cultural and economic elements
Martínez, Garcia Eva. "Document-level machine translation : ensuring translational consistency of non-local phenomena." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668473.
Повний текст джерелаEn esta tesis se estudia la traducción automática de documentos teniendo en cuenta fenómenos que ocurren entre oraciones. Típicamente, esta información a nivel de documento se ignora por la mayoría de los sistemas de Traducción Automática (MT), que se centran en traducir los textos procesando cada una de las frases que los componen de manera aislada. Traducir cada frase sin mirar al contexto que la rodea puede llevar a generar cierto tipo de errores de traducción, como pueden ser traducciones inconsistentes para la misma palabra o para elementos que aparecen en la misma cadena de correferencia. En este trabajo se presentan métodos para prestar atención a fenómenos a nivel de documento con el objetivo de evitar este tipo de errores y así llegar a generar traducciones que transmitan correctamente el significado original del texto. Nuestra investigación empieza por identificar los errores de traducción relacionados con los fenómenos a nivel de documento que aparecen de manera común en la salida de los sistemas Estadísticos del Traducción Automática (SMT). Para dos de estos errores, la traducción inconsistente de palabras, así como los desacuerdos en género y número entre palabras, diseñamos técnicas simples pero efectivas como post-procesos para tratarlos y corregirlos. Como estas técnicas se aplican a posteriori, pueden acceder a los documentos enteros tanto del origen como la traducción generada, y así son capaces de hacer un análisis global y mejorar la coherencia y la consistencia de la traducción. Sin embargo, como seguir una estrategia de traducción en dos pasos no es óptima en términos de eficiencia, también nos centramos en introducir la conciencia del contexto durante el propio proceso de generación de la traducción. Para esto, extendemos un sistema SMT orientado a documentos incluyendo información semántica distribucional en forma de word embeddings bilingües y monolingües. En particular, estos embeddings se usan como un Modelo de Lenguaje de Espacio Semántico (SSLM) y como una nueva función característica del sistema. La meta del primero es promover traducciones de palabras que sean semánticamente cercanas a su contexto precedente, mientras que la segunda quiere promover la selección léxica que es más cercana a su contexto para aquellas palabras que tienen diferentes traducciones a lo largo de un documento. En ambos casos, el contexto que se tiene en cuenta va más allá de los límites de una frase u oración. Recientemente, la comunidad MT ha hecho una transición hacia el paradigma neuronal. El paso final de nuestra investigación propone una extensión del proceso de decodificación de un sistema de Traducción Automática Neuronal (NMT), independiente de la arquitectura del modelo de traducción, aplicando la técnica de Shallow Fusion para combinar la información del modelo de traducción neuronal y la información semántica del contexto encerrada en los modelos SSLM estudiados previamente. La motivación de esta modificación está en introducir los beneficios de la información del contexto también en el proceso de decodificación de los sistemas NMT, así como también obtener una validación adicional para las técnicas que se han ido explorando a lo largo de esta tesis. La evaluación automática de nuestras propuestas no refleja variaciones significativas. Esto es un comportamiento esperado ya que la mayoría de las métricas automáticas no se diseñan para ser sensibles al contexto o a la semántica, y además los fenómenos que tratamos son escasos, llevando a pocas modificaciones con respecto a las traducciones de partida. Por otro lado, las evaluaciones manuales demuestran el impacto positivo de nuestras propuestas ya que los evaluadores humanos tienen a preferir las traducciones generadas por nuestros sistemas a nivel de documento. Entonces, los cambios introducidos por nuestros sistemas extendidos son importantes porque están relacionados con la forma en que los humanos perciben la calidad de la traducción de textos largos.
Engel, Maximilian. "Local phenomena in random dynamical systems : bifurcations, synchronisation, and quasi-stationary dynamics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/57613.
Повний текст джерелаLeyval-Granger, Anne. "La communication des collectivites locales remarques juridiques sur un phenomene politique local." Lyon 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO33002.
Повний текст джерелаDupuis, Romain. "Surrogate models coupled with machine learning to approximate complex physical phenomena involving aerodynamic and aerothermal simulations." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0017/document.
Повний текст джерелаNumerical simulations provide a key element in aircraft design process, complementing physical tests and flight tests. They could take advantage of innovative methods, such as artificial intelligence technologies spreading in aviation. Simulating the full flight mission for various disciplines pose important problems due to significant computational cost coupled to varying operating conditions. Moreover, complex physical phenomena can occur. For instance, the aerodynamic field on the wing takes different shapes and can encounter shocks, while aerothermal simulations around nacelle and pylon are sensitive to the interaction between engine flows and external flows. Surrogate models can be used to substitute expensive high-fidelitysimulations by mathematical and statistical approximations in order to reduce overall computation cost and to provide a data-driven approach. In this thesis, we propose two developments: (i) machine learning-based surrogate models capable of approximating aerodynamic experiments and (ii) integrating more classical surrogate models into industrial aerothermal process. The first approach mitigates aerodynamic issues by separating solutions with very different shapes into several subsets using machine learning algorithms. Moreover, a resampling technique takes advantage of the subdomain decomposition by adding extra information in relevant regions. The second development focuses on pylon sizing by building surrogate models substitutingaerothermal simulations. The two approaches are applied to aircraft configurations in order to bridge the gap between academic methods and real-world applications. Significant improvements are highlighted in terms of accuracy and cost gains
Almquist, Martin. "Efficient Simulation of Wave Phenomena." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för beräkningsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-310124.
Повний текст джерелаDerivaux, Jean-Francois. "Stochastic thermodynamics of transport phenomena and reactive systems: an extended local equilibrium approach." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/308809.
Повний текст джерелаOver the last decades, nanotechnology has experienced great steps forwards, opening new ways to manipulate micro- and nanosystems. These advances motivated the development of a thermodynamic theory for such systems, taking fully into account the unavoidable fluctuations appearing at that scale. This ultimately leads to an ensemble of experimental and theoretical results forming the emergent field of stochastic thermodynamics. In this thesis, we propose an original theoretical approach to stochastic thermodynamics, based on the extension of the local equilibrium hypothesis (LEH) to fluctuating variables in small systems. The approach provides new definitions of stochastic thermodynamic quantities, whose evolution is given by stochastic differential equations (SDEs).We applied this new formalism to a diverse range of systems: heat or mass diffusive transport, coupled transport phenomena (thermodiffusion), and linear or non-linear chemical systems. In each model, we used our theory to define key stochastic thermodynamic quantities. A great emphasis has been put on entropy and the different contributions to its evolution (entropy flux and entropy production) throughout this thesis. Other examples include also the stochastic Helmholtz energy, stochastic excess entropy production and stochastic efficiencies in coupled transport. We investigated how the statistical properties of these quantities are affected by external thermodynamic constraints and by the kinetics of the system. We first studied how the thermodynamic state of the system (equilibrium \textit{vs.} non-equilibrium) strongly impacts the distribution of entropy production. We then extended those findings to other related quantities, such as the Helmholtz free energy and excess entropy production. We also analysed how some external control parameters could lead to bimodality in stochastic efficiencies distributions.In addition, non-linearities affect stochastic thermodynamics quantities in different ways. Using the example of the Schlögl chemical model, we computed the average dissipation of the fluctuations in a non-linear system. Such systems can also undergo a bifurcation, and we studied how the moments and the distribution of entropy production change while crossing the critical point.All these properties were investigated with theoretical analyses and supported by numerical simulations of the SDEs describing the system. It allows us to show that properties of the evolution equations and external constraints could strongly reflect in the statistical properties of stochastic thermodynamic quantities.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Finkbiner, Amy. "Global phenomena from local rules [electronic resource] : peer-to-peer networks and crystal steps /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7682.
Повний текст джерелаThesis research directed by: Dept. of Mathematics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
MULLER-GERKING, JOHANNES. "La dynamique cerebrale comme phenomene non-lineaire : une etude quantitative de potentiels de champ local." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066302.
Повний текст джерелаLoday-Richaud, Michèle. "Classification meromorphe locale des systemes differentiels lineaires meromorphes : phenomene de stokes et applications." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112124.
Повний текст джерелаGranados, Corsellas Albert. "Local and global phenomena in piecewise-defined systems: from big bang bifurcations to splitting of heteroclinic manifolds." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/131282.
Повний текст джерелаZordan, Marco. "Non-linear analysis of CFS hybrid structural building systems in presence of local and global damage phenomena." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/322426.
Повний текст джерелаBuchholz, Marcel [Verfasser], Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Braden, and Liu Hao [Akademischer Betreuer] Tjeng. "Local Symmetry and Domain Patterns: Ordering Phenomena in Transition-Metal Oxides / Marcel Buchholz. Gutachter: Markus Braden ; Liu Hao Tjeng." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038380359/34.
Повний текст джерелаCavinato, Cristina. "Caractérisation des micro-mécanismes de déformation et de rupture de la paroi d’anévrisme aortique." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEM003.
Повний текст джерелаThe wall of the ascending thoracic aorta retains a complex heterogeneous microstructural organization which can be subjected to aneurysms, irreversible dilatations associated with degenerative remodeling processes of the microstructure. The latter results in an altered mechanical behavior of such key tissue whose utmost consequences are rupture or dissection.The following hypothesis is addressed: the phenomena which occur at the microscopic fibrous structure of collagen and elastin are involved or even responsible for the macroscopic mechanical response of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms, in particular when close to rupture. Towards an improved understanding of the structure-to-mechanics relationship, an experimental methodology enabled the consistent coupling of several test benches: a mechanical inflation test, an optical device for high resolution measurements of the specimen thickness, a image correlation set-up for full-field displacement measurements and a two-photon microscopy bench. Patient-specific analyses were conducted on ex-vivo specimens of animal and human thoracic aortae, in particular human ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms, up to rupture. The analyses focus on the relationship between local mechanical state and microstructural morphology of the principal fibrous components of the outer aortic layer, usually seen as ultimate resistive barrier before rupture. The connection between these data and fundamental information inherent to clinics or morphometry are analyzed. The resulting contribution consists of advanced observations of the fibrous recruitment and reactions to the loading scenario and quantitative links with mechanics and clinics
Hernandez, Gonzalez Edna Magdalena. "High spatial resolution investigation of spin crossover phenomena using scanning probe microscopies." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30081/document.
Повний текст джерелаRecently a variety of nanoscale objects, including nanoparticles, thin films and nanometric assemblies, exhibiting molecular spin-state switching phenomena have been developed for applications in sensors, nanophotonic, nanoelectronic and nanomechanical systems. These spin crossover nanomaterials have been also reported to exhibit interesting size-dependent properties. Indeed, even if the origin of the spin crossover phenomenon is purely molecular, the macroscopic behavior of these systems in the solid state is strongly influenced by elastic interactions between the molecules. These cooperative properties and, in general, the phase diagram are expected to depend strongly on the size of the material. Beyond the phase stability, the transformation kinetics is likely to display also size dependence. Indeed, the strong elastic interactions in these materials lead, in many cases, to first-order phase transitions and phase separation phenomena. Details of the associated spatio-temporal dynamics of spin crossover systems remain largely unexplored. All these size dependent and spatially heterogeneous phenomena in spin crossover materials call for appropriate characterization methods with high spatial resolution imaging capability, but to date only far-field optical microscopy has been used to this aim. Hence, the overall objective of this PHD thesis was to develop new approaches allowing to trigger and detect the spin crossover phenomenon with nanometric spatial resolution. For the detection of the thermally induced spin crossover in thin films, we used for the first time Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) in conjunction with an original nano-heater device, based on Joule-heated metallic nanowires. Using these techniques the spin-state change in the films was inferred with sub-wavelength resolution through the associated optical and mechanical property changes of the material. Apertured NSOM used either in luminescence or reflectivity mode provided useful signal for detecting the spin-state switching phenomena, but rather limited quantification was possible due to sample stability issues (photobleaching, etc). On the other hand, AFM mechanical modes, including fast force spectroscopy and multifrequency analysis, allowed for quantitative and well-reproducible measurements with nanometric resolution. In particular, we have measured for the first time the increase of the Young's modulus (ca. 25-30 %) when going from the high spin to the low spin state and used this property for quantitative imaging of the spin transition. AFM measurements were also performed on spin crossover single crystals. We have shown that probe-sample thermal interactions can be used to manipulate the nucleation and propagation of the high spin and low spin phases in the crystals. On the other hand, these interactions make for difficulties for the AFM imaging of these phenomena. Nevertheless changes of the surface topography during the spin transition can be observed and discussed in conjunction with far-field optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy data. The ensemble of these results open up new possibilities for the investigation and manipulation of these bistable objects at the nanoscale
Savio, Daniele. "Nanoscale phenomena in lubrication : From atomistic simulations to their integration into continuous models." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961197.
Повний текст джерелаRomero, Hamers Adolfo. "STUDY OF THE THERMAL STRATIFICATION IN PWR REACTORS AND THE PTS (PRESSURIZED THERMAL SHOCK) PHENOMENON." Doctoral thesis, Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/36536.
Повний текст джерелаRomero Hamers, A. (2014). STUDY OF THE THERMAL STRATIFICATION IN PWR REACTORS AND THE PTS (PRESSURIZED THERMAL SHOCK) PHENOMENON [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/36536
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CORDELIER, SYLVAIN. "Mecanismes de defense des plantes contre les agents pathogenes : etude du phenomene de resistance locale acquise chez le tabac." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR13146.
Повний текст джерелаChupin, Sylvain. "Comportement local et performances électriques d'une pile à combustible à membrane : vers un outil de diagnostic." Thesis, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL098N/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe present work contributes to the understanding of water management and thermal management of a PEM fuel cell influences on the electrical performances. A bidimensional model representing mass and heat transfer in the cell thickness and along distribution channels is done. A specific part of the study concerns a microscopic representation of reactive agglomerates. This part presents the impact of the liquid water presence on local and global current densities. In te vein of integrating this model in a total fuel cell control system, simplifications have been done and coupled mass, heat and charge transfers are solved analytically. For any operating condition, the model gives a complete view of the hydric, thermal and electric inner situation of the cell. This diagnosis of the inner state of the cell leads to find the operating conditions giving to the optimal electric performances. Water, current and temperature distributions are presenting for different gas feeding strategies and different thermal management configurations. A specific part is dedicated to illustrate how this local diagnosis of the cell state can be used to estimate its global electric performances
Cunsolo, Alessandro. "Relaxation phenomena in the THz dynamics of simple fluids probed by inelastic X-ray scattering." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10166.
Повний текст джерелаDel, Sorbo Dario. "An entropic approach to magnetized nonlocal transport and other kinetic phenomena in high-energy-density plasmas." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0336/document.
Повний текст джерелаHydrodynamic simulations in high-energy-density physics and inertial con nement fusion require a detailed description of energy uxes. The leading mechanism is the electron transport, which can be a nonlocal phenomenon that needs to be described with quasistationary and simplified Fokker-Planck models in large scale hydrodynamic codes. My thesis is dedicated to the development of a new nonlocal transport model based on a fast-moving-particles collision operator and on a first moment Fokker-Planck equation, simplified with an entropic closure relation. Such a closure enables a better description of the electron distribution function in the limit of high anisotropies, where small scale electrostatic instabilities could be excited. This new model, so called M1, is successfully compared with the well known nonlocal electron transport model proposed by Schurtz, Nicolaï and Busquet, using different collision operators, and with the reduced Fokker-Planck model, based on a small-anisotropies polynomial closure relation (P1). Several typical configurations of heat transport are considered. We show that the M1 entropic model may operate in two and three dimensions and is able to account for electron transport modifications in external magnetic fields. Moreover, our model enables to compute realistic electron distribution functions, which can be used for kinetic studies, as for the plasma stability in the transport zone. It is demonstrated that the electron energy transport may strongly modify damping of Langmuir and ion acoustic waves, while the simplified nonlocal transport models are not able to describe accurately the modifications of the distribution function and plasma wave damping. The structure of the M1 model allows to naturally take into account self-generated magnetic fields, which play a crucial role in multidimensional simulations. Moreover, magnetic fields could also be used for the focusing of energetic particles in alternative ignition schemes. The M1 model reproduces the results of the local transport theory in plasma, developed by Braginskii, in a broad range of degrees of magnetization and predicts new results in the nonlocal regime. This work constitutes a first validation of the entropic closure assumption in the weakly-anisotropic regime. It can be added to the existing tests, in the strongly-anisotropic regimes
El, May Mohamed. "Étude de la tenue en fatigue d'un acier inoxydable pour l'aéronautique en milieu marin corrosif." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENAM0012/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study addresses the effects of corrosion on the high cycle fatigue (HCF)strength of a martensitic stainless steel used in aeronautic applications. First, the geometry of corrosion pits on the fatigue strength in air at 10^7 cycles were studied with four different pit sizes. A new non-local fatigue criterion was proposed to simulate real shapes of pits as identified by X-ray microtomography. Corrosion fatigue synergy phenomena was studied by HCF tests (between 10^5 and 10^7 cycles) in a 0.1 M NaCl aqueous solution (pH = 6) with two load ratios (R = -1 and 0.1). Next, the electrochemical behavior of the passive film was investigated during in situ corrosion fatigue tests by free potential measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Based on fractography analysis and electrochemical test results, corrosion fatigue crack initiation mechanisms were investigated. A scenario of fatigue crack initiation was proposed based on physical evidence. This scenario implied combined processes of local passive film rupture (induced by the cyclic loading), stress-assisted corrosion and enhanced pitting development. Local passive film ruptures were the main cause of the corrosion fatigue crack initiation. Finally, a analytical model for corrosion fatigue crack initiation was proposed based
Issa, Suleiman al [Verfasser], Rafael [Akademischer Betreuer] Macián-Juan, Eckart [Akademischer Betreuer] Laurien, and David [Akademischer Betreuer] Aumiller. "Experimental investigation and CFD validation of two-phase phenomena related to nuclear safety research during LOCA accidents / Suleiman Al Issa. Gutachter: Eckart Laurien ; David Aumiller ; Rafael Macián-Juan. Betreuer: Rafael Macián-Juan." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1066363587/34.
Повний текст джерелаShih-Hsien, Peng, and 彭思顯. "The Local Scouring Phenomenon of Free Overfall Flow." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37939767681426637470.
Повний текст джерелаHuang, Jun-Rong, and 黃俊榮. "Phenomenon of Local Contact Electrification studied by Scanning Probe Microscopy." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60580671286480182697.
Повний текст джерела東海大學
物理學系
98
Contact electrification (CE) is the transfer of charge between two surfaces that are brought into contact, with or without friction and applied potential, they will exchange charge because of the work function difference or additional potential between metal to copolymer. The details of how CE happens on the nanometer scale are still not understood. So we study the interactional behavior of local surface charge between metal and polymer using the SPM probe (Cr/Pt coating). We used SPM probe to rub the polymer by changed tip bias and tip speed, and then used electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) to detect the charge distribution. We found that the contact charges must be decayed when the tip speed increased. But the contact charges increased with the tip bias. We almost found no CE occurs at the polymer in some particular tip bias and speed. It implies that the surface potential of probe were equal to copolymer’s. In this study, the EFM shows the CE in the nanometer scale, and the contact charges have relations with tip bias (electric field) and tip speed (friction).
Hu, Li-Ren, and 胡力仁. "The Use of Local Volatility Model for Solving Volatility Smile Phenomenon." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84423832537221614190.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
財務金融學研究所
89
We try to utilize the theory that was developed by Dupire in 1994,then use the price information of European equity call options with different strikes and maturities to evaluate other type of options. The crux for implementing this theory is to find out the local volatilities generated by options prices in the market. Therefore, we propose a new idea to achieve it. By the practical study of Natenberg in 1994, he uncovered that there is one specific variable can perfectly describe the volatility smile pattern even in different maturities. With this stable relationship, we can easily extract the local volatilities from market. Then we use the local volatilities to verify the correctness of the model and to price other options by Black-Merton-Scholes’ backward partial differential equation. We find that using implied volatilities for delta hedging and pricing other options in B/S model under volatility smile phenomenon will lead to a huge error. Hence, from practitioners’ point of view, the local volatility model is more suitable.
Majumdar, Pinaki. "Mott-Hubbard Phenomena : Studies Within The Local Approximation." Thesis, 1996. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1589.
Повний текст джерелаKung, David T. "Local smoothing phenomena for operators failing the cinematic curvature condition." 2000. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
Повний текст джерелаSU, Ling-Yu, and 蘇玲玉. "The Phenomena of Fewer Children and Local Government Welfare Expenditures-the Case of Taiwanese Local Governments." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y9wkgg.
Повний текст джерела國立高雄應用科技大學
財富與稅務管理研究所碩士在職專班
101
Taiwan had the lowest fertility rate in the world in 2010. The total fertility rate was 0.9. The population growth rate is expected to be negative in 2023. To investigate the determinants of the declining fertility rates, we estimate a fixed-effect panel data model by using crude birth rates of 23 local governments in Taiwan during the period of 2001 to 2010. Our empirical results show that per capita social welfare expenditure is positively correlated to crude fertility rates. Moreover, female labor participation rates and violence criminal rates are negatively correlated. To increase the fertility rates, we suggest the local government raise social welfare expenditure, provide comprehensive child care services and maintain the social order.
(9825509), Noel Patson. "Methods for revealing patterns of non-local order in complex collective phenomena." Thesis, 2001. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Methods_for_revealing_patterns_of_non-local_order_in_complex_collective_phenomena/20341497.
Повний текст джерелаThis topic arose from research done in Computing Special Topic 85333 and Math- ematics Special Topic 84333 [25]. An overview of quantum chaology [15, 16, 17] and structural complexity [20, 21, 22] was made with respect to how they describe global behaviour. Computer experimentation was used in an attempt to determine if there were any scaling properties in the distribution of prime numbers so as to find some patterns [26] that may be connected with non -local order as predicted by struc- tural complexity. The connections between the zeta function from number theory to quantum chaology [15] were also under investigation to in order to develop more tools for computational experiments. Following this research, there was a proposal by my supervisor Victor Korotkich to test his conjecture that the eigenvalue spectrum of matrices [13] associated with the dynamics of a robot soccer team would be a solid invariant that may serve as a global characteristic. The proposal was put forward for me to realise within a Masters of Applied Science topic. This required setting up a virtual simulation and computation laboratory using a combination of mathematics, statistics and programming. The laboratory had to be developed from scratch since this was the first time robot soccer team dynamics had been investigated in this way. It is analogous to the approach physicists take when searching for a theoretical particle. Because the methodology was new, the development of the new instrument (sim- ulators downloaded from the Internet, mathematical software and statistical analysis software) needed to be mastered and synthesised into something effective to detect the conjectured invariant. Once detected, adjustments to parameters were needed so that a clearer pattern could be discerned. The adjustments are analogous to the changing of lens and focussing required on a microscope to get better resolution. The data produced by robot soccer simulators was processed to test the conjecture. Nonparametric statistical analysis was applied to gain an understanding of the patterns that were found in the distribution of eigenvalues and eigenvalue spacings and create an experimental methodology to analyse this type of data. The computer simulation laboratory was set up to implement and test the technique. According to the statistical evidence it seems that each robot soccer team has an invariant in its collective dynamics. Several robot soccer simulators were found on the Internet. These simulators were evaluated as to whether they were able to be modified so as to extract the robot soccer teams' coordinates during a game, whether the teams strategies could be modified and whether they were suitable for use in the experiments. Features of the UNIX operating system, C++ (an implementation of the C++ programming language developed for the UNIX operating system) and JAVA compilers and languages also had to be studied in order to modify and run these simulators. The data produced by these simulators needed to be processed to test the conjec- ture. Because of the size of matrices (429 by 429) that arose by applying this approach, the MATLAB programming environment was used to evaluate and organise the data for statistical analysis. This data was then processed using the SPSS statistical pack- age and Excel spreadsheet software. Much reading and comprehension was gained in the advanced statistics topic of nonparametric analysis to gain understanding of the patterns that were found in the distribution of eigenvalues and eigenvalue spacings and create an experimental methodology to analyse this type of data. To present the results that were found, many features of MATLAB, postscript format, Excel, SPSS and aTEX needed to be understood. All the understanding, skills, software analysis programs, and statistical techniques synthesise together as a virtual computer laboratory s from which many other experiments can be performed. Here a powerful synergism has arisen that may be adapted and applied to understanding the dynamics of other systems. The laboratory has been successful in confirming the existence of the conjectured invariant using solid scientific methods. This study belongs to a new area of fundamental research and has already shown promising results which have been presented at the 12th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence AI'99 and the International Conference "With Fuzzy Logic in the New Millennium". That the research is significant is demonstrated by the publication of the results by Springer-Verlag in their Lecture Notes on Artificial Intelligence [49] series and acceptance for publication in their Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing [51] series.
Tibério, Miguel Alexandre Branco. "Study of localized transport phenomena of Cu2O." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/96276.
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