Статті в журналах: "Local electrical properties"

1

A.Yedrissov, A.Alekseev, and B. Ilyassov. "Local electrical properties of PTB7 film." Materials Today: Proceedings 4, no. 3 (2017): 4561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.04.030.

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2

AL ABED, AMR, NIGEL H. LOVELL, and SOCRATES DOKOS. "Local Heterogeneous Electrical Restitution Properties of Rabbit Atria." Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 27, no. 6 (April 28, 2016): 743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jce.12968.

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3

Alekseev, Alexander, Gordon J. Hedley, Alaa Al-Afeef, Oleg A. Ageev, and Ifor D. W. Samuel. "Morphology and local electrical properties of PTB7:PC71BM blends." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 16 (2015): 8706–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta01224d.

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4

Filipozzi, Laurent, Alain Derré, Jacques Conard, Luc Piraux, and André Marchand. "Local order and electrical properties of boron carbonitride films." Carbon 33, no. 12 (1995): 1747–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(95)00149-7.

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5

Palm, J., D. Steinbach, and H. Alexander. "Local investigation of the electrical properties of grain boundaries." Materials Science and Engineering: B 24, no. 1-3 (May 1994): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5107(94)90297-6.

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6

Cajetan, Okolo Chidiebere, Ezechukwu O.A., Olisakwe C.O., Ezendokwelu C.E., and Umunna Chike. "CHARACTERIZATION OF ELECTRICAL PORCELAIN INSULATORS FROM LOCAL CLAYS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 1 (January 31, 2015): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i1.2015.3050.

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In this thesis, the characterization of electrical porcelain insulators based on local clays has been investigated. Test samples were made by varying the quantities of feldspar and silica required to form a mouldable plastic body with each clay sample. The clay samples were bisque fired which is to 900°C and glazed before it was fired to 1250°C after air-drying. An electrical property such as dielectric strength (breakdown voltage) was determined for each test sample that survived the high temperature. The composition for optimum properties from Ekwulobia and Iva Valley clays each is at composition 3 of 60% clay, 25% feldspar and 15% silica; while for Nawfija clay, the composition for optimum properties was 50% clay, 30% feldspar and 20% silica. Porcelain insulators containing 50-70% clay, 20-30% feldspar and 10-20% silica were found to have requisite properties that make them suitable for domestic production of porcelains insulators from the clay samples studied.

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7

Sonde, Sushant, Carmelo Vecchio, Filippo Giannazzo, Rositza Yakimova, Emanuele Rimini, and Vito Raineri. "Local Electrical Properties of the 4H-SiC(0001)/Graphene Interface." Materials Science Forum 679-680 (March 2011): 769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.679-680.769.

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Local current transport across graphene/4H-SiC was studied with nanometric scale lateral resolution by Scanning Current Spectroscopy on both graphene grown epitaxially on 4H-SiC(0001) (EG-SiC) and graphene exfoliated from highly oriented pyrolitic graphite and deposited on 4H-SiC(0001) (DG-SiC). The study revealed that the Schottky barrier height (SBH) of EG/4H-SiC(0001) is lowered by ~0.49eV. This is explained in terms of Fermi-level pinning above the Dirac point in EG due to the presence of positively charged states at the interface between Si face of 4H-SiC and carbon-rich buffer layer. Furthermore, Scanning Capacitance Spectroscopy based method allowed evaluating local electron mean free path (lgr) in graphene. lgr in EG-SiC was observed to be, on average, ~0.4 times that in DG-SiC and exhibited large point-to-point variations due to presence of laterally homogeneous positively charged buffer layer at the interface. However, lgr in graphene on SiC was observed to be larger than on standard SiO2 samples (DG-SiO2), which is explained by better dielectric screening of charged impurities and lower surface polar phonon scattering at the graphene/substrate interface.

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8

Minj, A., D. Cavalcoli, and A. Cavallini. "Structural and local electrical properties of AlInN/AlN/GaN heterostructures." Physica B: Condensed Matter 407, no. 15 (August 2012): 2838–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2011.08.035.

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9

Chutia, Arunabhiram, Riadh Sahnoun, Ramesh C. Deka, Zhigang Zhu, Hideyuki Tsuboi, Hiromitsu Takaba, and Akira Miyamoto. "Local electronic and electrical properties of functionalized graphene nano flakes." Physica B: Condensed Matter 406, no. 9 (April 2011): 1665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2011.01.012.

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10

Otani, Niels F., and Robert F. Gilmour, Jr. "Memory Models for the Electrical Properties of Local Cardiac Systems." Journal of Theoretical Biology 187, no. 3 (August 1997): 409–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.1997.0447.

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11

Perry, N. H., S. Kim, and T. O. Mason. "Local electrical and dielectric properties of nanocrystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia." Journal of Materials Science 43, no. 14 (July 2008): 4684–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-2553-x.

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12

Arbenz, Laure, Abdelkader Benabou, Stéphane Clénet, Jean-Claude Mipo, and Pierre Faverolle. "Characterization of the local electrical properties of electrical machine parts with non-trivial geometry." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 48, no. 2,3 (June 30, 2015): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-151988.

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13

Roccaforte, Fabrizio, Ferdinando Iucolano, Filippo Giannazzo, Salvatore di Franco, Valeria Puglisi, and Vito Raineri. "Electrical Properties of Inhomogeneous Pt/GaN Schottky Barrier." Materials Science Forum 600-603 (September 2008): 1341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.600-603.1341.

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In this work, the electrical properties of Pt/GaN Schottky contacts were studied. The temperature dependence of the barrier height and ideality factor, and the low experimental value of the Richardson’s constant, were discussed considering the formation of an inhomogenous Schottky barrier. Local current-voltage measurements on Pt/GaN contact, performed with a conductive atomic force microscope, demonstrated a Gaussian distribution of the local barrier height values and allowed to monitor the degree of inhomogeneity of the barrier. The presence of defects, terminating on the bare GaN surface, was correlated with the electrical behavior of the inhomogeneous barrier.

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14

Roland, C. M. "ELECTRICAL AND DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF RUBBER." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 89, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 32–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.15.84827.

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ABSTRACT This review describes electrical and dielectric measurements of rubbery polymers. The interest in the electrical properties is primarily due to the strong effect of conductive fillers, the obvious example being carbon black. Conductivity measurements can be used to probe dispersion and the connectivity of filler particles, both of which exert a significant influence on the mechanical behavior. Dielectric relaxation spectra are used to study the dynamics, including the local segmental dynamics and secondary relaxations, and for certain polymers the global chain modes. A recent development in the application of nonlinear dielectric spectroscopy is briefly discussed.

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15

Torkhov, Nikolay, and Andrey Mosunov. "Diode Character of Local Conductivity of Human Buccal Epithelial Cell Membranes." Infocommunications and Radio Technologies 6, no. 2 (August 23, 2023): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2587-9936.2023.06.2.15.

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AFM methods revealed unilateral (diode) local electrical conductivity of the membrane of human buccal epithelium cells at the nanoscale and its correlation with the topology of micromechanical properties.

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16

Ruffino, Francesco, Filippo Giannazzo, Fabrizio Roccaforte, Vito Raineri, and Maria Grazia Grimaldi. "Clustering of Gold on 6H-SiC and Local Nanoscale Electrical Properties." Solid State Phenomena 131-133 (October 2007): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.131-133.517.

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In this work, a methodology, based on a self-organization process, to form gold nanoclusters on the 6H-SiC surface, is illustrated. By scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy the gold self-organization induced by annealing processes was studied and modelled by classical limited surface diffusion ripening theories. These studies allowed us to fabricate Au nanoclusres/SiC nanostructured materials with tunable structural properties. The local electrical properties of such a nanostructured material were probed, by conductive atomic force microscopy collecting high statistics of I-V curves. The main observed result was the Schottky barrier height (SBH) dependence on the cluster size. This behaviour is interpreted considering the physics of few electron quantum dots merged with the ballistic transport. A quite satisfying agreement between the theoretical forecast behaviour and the experimental data has been found.

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17

Palm, J., D. Steinbach, and H. Alexander. "Local Investigation of the Electrical Properties of Grain Boundaries in Silicon." Solid State Phenomena 37-38 (March 1994): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.37-38.183.

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18

Acciarri, Maurizio, C. Savigni, Simona Binetti, and Sergio Pizzini. "Effect of Local Inhomogeneities on the Electrical Properties of Polycrystalline Silicon." Solid State Phenomena 37-38 (March 1994): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.37-38.219.

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19

Suman, Vikas Sharma, Seema Devi, Surjeet Chahal, Jitendra Pal Singh, K. H. Chae, Ashok Kumar, K. Asokan, and Parmod Kumar. "Phase transformation in Fe2O3 nanoparticles: Electrical properties with local electronic structure." Physica B: Condensed Matter 620 (November 2021): 413275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2021.413275.

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20

Yakimov, E. B. "Dislocation-Point Defect Interaction Effect on Local Electrical Properties of Semiconductors." Journal de Physique III 7, no. 12 (December 1997): 2293–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp3:1997102.

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21

Narushima *, Satoru, Masanori Hiroki, Kazushige Ueda, Ken-Ichi Shimizu, Toshio Kamiya, Masahiro Hirano, and Hideo Hosono. "Electrical properties and local structure ofn-type conducting amorphous indium sulphide." Philosophical Magazine Letters 84, no. 10 (October 2004): 665–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500830512331329114.

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22

LAVAL, J. Y., M. H. PINET-BERGER, and C. CABANEL. "STRUCTURE AND LOCAL ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAIN BOUNDARIES IN POLYCRYSTALLINE SEMICONDUCTORS." Le Journal de Physique Colloques 49, no. C5 (October 1988): C5–521—C5–531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1988563.

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23

Selamat, Mohd Asri, Ahmad Aswad Mahaidin, Mohd Afiq Nurul Hadi, Zaim Syazwan Sulaiman, and Mohd Idham Abdul Razak. "Fabrication of Carbon-Copper Composites Using Local Carbon Material: Microstructure, Mechanical, Electrical and Wear Properties." Advanced Materials Research 1133 (January 2016): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1133.171.

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The carbon-copper (C-Cu) composites combine the positive characteristics of thermal and electrical conductivity from Cu, low thermal expansion coefficient and lubricating properties from conventional graphite. For that particular application, C-Cu composites are widely used as electrical contact devices such as carbon brushes and current-collector for railway power collection system. Due to economic and environment concern, activated-carbon produced from MPOB’s oil palm kernel shell (OPKS) is studies as replacement for conventional graphite. The OPKS is crushed and mixed with copper and resin powder before it is compacted into shape. Then the green body undergoes warm-compaction (1140MPa;100-150°C) followed by post-baking (150-250°C) process to enhance its properties. The physical and mechanical properties of the C-Cu composite were analysed. The resulting microstructures, electrical and wear properties also are presented and discussed. The prototype of current-collector for PUTRA LRT and carbon brushes for electrical applications was produced from this research work.

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24

Ren, Kun, Min Zhu, Wenxiong Song, Shilong Lv, Mengjiao Xia, Yong Wang, Yaoyao Lu, Zhenguo Ji, and Zhitang Song. "Electrical switching properties and structural characteristics of GeSe–GeTe films." Nanoscale 11, no. 4 (2019): 1595–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr07832g.

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25

Guenther, B., J. Koeble, J. Chrost, M. Maier, C. M. Schneider, A. Bettac, and A. Feltz. "Precision Local Electrical Probing: Potential for the Analysis of Nanocontacts and Nanointerconnects." Microscopy Today 21, no. 2 (March 2013): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929513000084.

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A major challenge in the development of novel devices in nano and molecular electronics is their interconnection with larger-scale electrical circuits required to control and characterize their functional properties. Local electrical probing by multiple probes with ultimate scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) precision can significantly improve efficiency in analyzing individual nano-electronic devices without the need for full electrical integration.

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26

Lim, Soomook, Hyunsoo Park, Go Yamamoto, Changgu Lee, and Ji Won Suk. "Measurements of the Electrical Conductivity of Monolayer Graphene Flakes Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy." Nanomaterials 11, no. 10 (September 30, 2021): 2575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11102575.

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The intrinsic electrical conductivity of graphene is one of the key factors affecting the electrical conductance of its assemblies, such as papers, films, powders, and composites. Here, the local electrical conductivity of the individual graphene flakes was investigated using conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). An isolated graphene flake connected to a pre-fabricated electrode was scanned using an electrically biased tip, which generated a current map over the flake area. The current change as a function of the distance between the tip and the electrode was analyzed analytically to estimate the contact resistance as well as the local conductivity of the flake. This method was applied to characterize graphene materials obtained using two representative large-scale synthesis methods. Monolayer graphene flakes synthesized by chemical vapor deposition on copper exhibited an electrical conductivity of 1.46 ± 0.82 × 106 S/m. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) flakes obtained by thermal annealing of graphene oxide at 300 and 600 °C exhibited electrical conductivities of 2.3 ± 1.0 and 14.6 ± 5.5 S/m, respectively, showing the effect of thermal reduction on the electrical conductivity of rGO flakes. This study demonstrates an alternative method to characterizing the intrinsic electrical conductivity of graphene-based materials, which affords a clear understanding of the local properties of individual graphene flakes.

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27

Chen, Qiying, Hirokazu Tada, Hirofumi Yamada, and Kazumi Matsushige. "Local Electrical Properties of Vanadyl Phthalocyanine Multilayers Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 337, no. 1 (November 1999): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587259908023488.

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28

Jin, Zhenlan, In-Hui Hwang, Chang-In Park, Jae-Kuan Son, and Sang-Wook Han. "Synthesis and temperature-dependent local structural and electrical properties of VO2 films." Current Applied Physics 16, no. 2 (February 2016): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2015.11.012.

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29

Burnett, Tim, Rositza Yakimova, and Olga Kazakova. "Mapping of Local Electrical Properties in Epitaxial Graphene Using Electrostatic Force Microscopy." Nano Letters 11, no. 6 (June 8, 2011): 2324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl200581g.

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30

Vasić, Borislav, Sonja Aškrabić, Milka M. Jakovljević, and Mikhail Artemyev. "Local electrical properties and charging/discharging of CdSe/CdS core-shell nanoplatelets." Applied Surface Science 513 (May 2020): 145822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.145822.

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31

Robaschik, Peter, Pablo F. Siles, Daniel Bülz, Peter Richter, Manuel Monecke, Michael Fronk, Svetlana Klyatskaya, et al. "Optical properties and electrical transport of thin films of terbium(III) bis(phthalocyanine) on cobalt." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 5 (November 11, 2014): 2070–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.215.

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The optical and electrical properties of terbium(III) bis(phthalocyanine) (TbPc2) films on cobalt substrates were studied using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) and current sensing atomic force microscopy (cs-AFM). Thin films of TbPc2 with a thickness between 18 nm and 87 nm were prepared by organic molecular beam deposition onto a cobalt layer grown by electron beam evaporation. The molecular orientation of the molecules on the metallic film was estimated from the analysis of the spectroscopic ellipsometry data. A detailed analysis of the AFM topography shows that the TbPc2 films consist of islands which increase in size with the thickness of the organic film. Furthermore, the cs-AFM technique allows local variations of the organic film topography to be correlated with electrical transport properties. Local current mapping as well as local I–V spectroscopy shows that despite the granular structure of the films, the electrical transport is uniform through the organic films on the microscale. The AFM-based electrical measurements allow the local charge carrier mobility of the TbPc2 thin films to be quantified with nanoscale resolution.

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32

Wu, Dongjun, and Guangren Duan. "Local properties of exponential contractive systems." Automatica 132 (October 2021): 109844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2021.109844.

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33

Škarvada, Pavel, Pavel Tománek, and Jiří Šicner. "Influence of Localized Structural Defects on the PN Junction Properties." Key Engineering Materials 592-593 (November 2013): 441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.592-593.441.

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Local defects, as micro-fractures, precipitates and other material inhomogeneities in solar cell structure, evidently modify electrical and photoelectrical behavior of the latter. To improve the efficiency and lifetime of existing solar cells, it is important to localize these defects which influence the p-n properties, and assign them corresponding electrical characteristics. Although the electric breakdown can be evident in current-voltage plot, the localization of local defects in the sample, that generate this breakdown, is not so easy task. It has to be done by microscopic investigations and measurement of light emission from defects under electrical bias conditions. Thus to contribute to this end, the structure of defects is microscopically investigated and consequently, the defects can be removed by focused ion beam milling. The experimental results obtained from samples before and after milling are also discussed.

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34

Aleinik, Aleksandr N., Natalya D. Turgunova, Victoria V. Velikaya, Ludmila I. Musabaeva, Zhanna A. Startseva, and Marat R. Mukhamedov. "Non-Invasive Tissue Injury Monitoring Using Bioimpedance Spectroscopy." Advanced Materials Research 1084 (January 2015): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1084.413.

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An understanding of normal tissue response is necessary for the optimization of radiation treatment in cancer therapy. Cancer cells exhibit altered local dielectric properties compared to normal cells because of the difference in shape, size and orientation. These properties are measurable as a difference in electrical conductance using electrical impedance spectroscopy. Multiple frequency bioimpedance analysis is used to measure change in electrical properties of the irradiated tissues as a function of frequency and time. From the experimental results, it is clear that the electrical properties demonstrated good detection performance. The electrical parameters of the tissues could be used to distinguish the tissue's status. Changes in electrical properties at different frequencies show, that there are differences between conductivity of non-irradiated and irradiated tissues.

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35

Hickmott, Peter W., and Michael M. Merzenich. "Local Circuit Properties Underlying Cortical Reorganization." Journal of Neurophysiology 88, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 1288–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00994.2001.

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Peripheral denervation has been shown to cause reorganization of the deafferented somatotopic region in primary somatosensory cortex (S1). However, the basic mechanisms that underlie reorganization are not well understood. In the experiments described in this paper, a novel in vivo/in vitro preparation of adult rat S1 was used to determine changes in local circuit properties associated with the denervation-induced plasticity of the cortical representation in rat S1. In the present studies, deafferentation of rat S1 was induced by cutting the radial and median nerves in the forelimb of adult rats, resulting in a rapid shift of the location of the forepaw/lower jaw border; the amount of the shift increased over the times assayed, through 28 days after denervation. The locations of both borders (i.e., original and reorganized) were marked with vital dyes, and slices from the marked region were used for whole-cell recording. Responses were evoked using electrical stimulation of supragranular S1 and recorded in supragranular neurons close to either the original or reorganized border. For each neuron, postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) were evoked by stimulation of fibers that crossed the border site (CB stim) and by equivalent stimulation that did not cross (NCB stim). Monosynaptic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) were also examined after blocking excitatory transmission with 15 μM CNQX plus 100 μMdl-APV. The amplitudes of PSPs and IPSPs were compared between CB and NCB stimulation to quantify effects of the border sites on excitation and inhibition. Previous results using this preparation in the normal (i.e., without induced plasticity) rat S1 demonstrated that at a normal border both PSPs and IPSPs were smaller when evoked with CB stimulation than with NCB stimulation. For most durations of denervation, a similar bias (i.e., smaller responses with CB stimulation) for PSPs and IPSPs was observed at the site of the novel reorganized border, while no such bias was observed at the suppressed original border site. Thus changes in local circuit properties (excitation and inhibition) can reflect larger-scale changes in cortical organization. However, specific dissociations between these local circuit properties and the presence of the novel border at certain durations of denervation were also observed, suggesting that there are several intracortical processes contributing to cortical reorganization over time and that excitation and inhibition may contribute differentially to them.

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36

Chachaj-Brekiesz, Anna, Jan Kobierski, Anita Wnętrzak, and Patrycja Dynarowicz-Latka. "Electrical Properties of Membrane Phospholipids in Langmuir Monolayers." Membranes 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11010053.

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Experimental surface pressure (π) and electric surface potential (ΔV) isotherms were measured for membrane lipids, including the following phosphatidylcholines (PCs)—1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC); 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC); 1,2-diarachidoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DAPC); and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). In addition, other phospholipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamines (represented by 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE)) and sphingolipids (represented by N-(hexadecanoyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphocholine (SM)) were also studied. The experimental apparent dipole moments (μAexp) of the abovementioned lipids were determined using the Helmholtz equation. The particular contributions to the apparent dipole moments of the investigated molecules connected with their polar (μ⊥p) and apolar parts (μ⊥a) were theoretically calculated for geometrically optimized systems. Using a three-layer capacitor model, introducing the group’s apparent dipole moments (calculated herein) and adopting values from other papers to account for the reorientation of water molecules (μ⊥w/εw), as well as the for the local dielectric permittivity in the vicinity of the polar (εp) and apolar (εa) groups, the apparent dipole moments of the investigated molecules were calculated (μAcalc). Since the comparison of the two values (experimental and calculated) resulted in large discrepancies, we developed a new methodology that correlates the results from density functional theory (DFT) molecular modeling with experimentally determined values using multiple linear regression. From the fitted model, the following contributions to the apparent dipole moments were determined: μ⊥w/εw=−1.8±1.4 D; εp=10.2±7.0 and εa=0.95±0.52). Local dielectric permittivity in the vicinity of apolar groups (εa) is much lower compared to that in the vicinity of polar moieties (εp), which is in line with the tendency observed by other authors studying simple molecules with small polar groups. A much higher value for the contributions from the reorientation of water molecules (μ⊥w/εw) has been interpreted as resulting from bulky and strongly hydrated polar groups of phospholipids.

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37

Vasić, Borislav, Uroš Ralević, Sonja Aškrabić, Davor Čapeta, and Marko Kralj. "Correlation between morphology and local mechanical and electrical properties of van der Waals heterostructures." Nanotechnology 33, no. 15 (January 21, 2022): 155707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac475a.

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Abstract Properties of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures strongly depend on the quality of the interface between two dimensional (2D) layers. Instead of having atomically flat, clean, and chemically inert interfaces without dangling bonds, top-down vdW heterostructures are associated with bubbles and intercalated layers (ILs) which trap contaminations appeared during fabrication process. We investigate their influence on local electrical and mechanical properties of MoS2/WS2 heterostructures using atomic force microscopy (AFM) based methods. It is demonstrated that domains containing bubbles and ILs are locally softer, with increased friction and energy dissipation. Since they prevent sharp interfaces and efficient charge transfer between 2D layers, electrical current and contact potential difference are strongly decreased. In order to reestablish a close contact between MoS2 and WS2 layers, vdW heterostructures were locally flattened by scanning with AFM tip in contact mode or just locally pressed with an increased normal load. Subsequent electrical measurements reveal that the contact potential difference between two layers strongly increases due to enabled charge transfer, while local I/V curves exhibit increased conductivity without undesired potential barriers.

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38

KYUNO, Kentaro. "Characterization of Local Electrical Properties of Gate Dielectrics by Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy." Journal of the Vacuum Society of Japan 54, no. 7/8 (2011): 420–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3131/jvsj2.54.420.

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39

Haugen, Tormod, Bao Ta, Einar Halvorsen, Nils Hoivik, and Knut Aasmundtveit. "Integration of Carbon Nanotubes in Microsystems: Local Growth and Electrical Properties of Contacts." Materials 6, no. 8 (July 24, 2013): 3094–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma6083094.

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40

Tan, Xi-Chao, Jian-Dong Xu, Jin-Ming Jian, Guan-Hua Dun, Tian-Rui Cui, Yi Yang, and Tian-Ling Ren. "Programmable Sensitivity Screening of Strain Sensors by Local Electrical and Mechanical Properties Coupling." ACS Nano 15, no. 12 (December 3, 2021): 20590–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c09288.

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41

Crevecoeur, G., L. Dupre, L. Vandenbossche, and R. Van de Walle. "Local Identification of Magnetic Hysteresis Properties Near Cutting Edges of Electrical Steel Sheets." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 44, no. 6 (June 2008): 1010–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2007.915298.

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42

Ando, Atsushi, Ryu Hasunuma, Tatsuro Maeda, Kunihiro Sakamoto, Kazushi Miki, Yasushiro Nishioka, and Tsunenori Sakamoto. "Conducting atomic force microscopy studies on local electrical properties of ultrathin SiO2 films." Applied Surface Science 162-163 (August 2000): 401–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-4332(00)00223-3.

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43

Li, Y. L., Z. L. Wang, Q. Wang, X. X. Xia, J. J. Li, and C. Z. Gu. "Local electrical properties of hydrogenated (001) and (111) surfaces of single crystalline diamond." Vacuum 83, no. 8 (May 2009): 1118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2009.02.006.

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44

Decossas, S., J. J. Marchand, and G. Brémond. "Electrical characterisation of local electronic properties of self-assembled semiconductor nanostructures using AFM." Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 23, no. 3-4 (July 2004): 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2004.02.006.

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45

Ke, Yuxuan, Xuefen Song, Dianyu Qi, Jidong Liu, Qiaoyan Hao, Zhuo Wang, Sisi Tang, and Wenjing Zhang. "Modulation of Electrical Properties with Controllable Local Doping in Multilayer MoTe 2 Transistors." Advanced Electronic Materials 6, no. 10 (September 11, 2020): 2000532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202000532.

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46

O., Brovarets,. "Method of calculation specific electrical conductivity of soil environment by working electrodes of information and technical system in local operational monitoring of agro-biological state of agricultural lands." Mehanization and electrification of agricultural, no. 9(108) (2019): 128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-9-16.

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Purpose. Develop a methodology for calculating the specific electrical conductivity of the soil environment with working electrodes to ensure the required quality of implementation of the main technological processes in plant cultivation thanks to integrated information and technical systems for operational monitoring of the agro-biological state of agricultural lands. Methods. Theoretical scientific method with the use of the laws of theoretical mechanics and scientific laws of electro-dynamic measurement for the construction of a method for calculating the specific conductivity of the soil environment by working electrodes of the information and technical system local operational monitoring the agro-biological state of agricultural lands. Results. The generalized formula for calculating the specific electrical conductivity of the soil environment by working electrodes information and technical system of local operational monitoring of agro-biological state of agricultural lands was obtained. Conclusions. The proposed method for calculating the specific electrical conductivity of the agro-biological ground environment by the stationary contact method of the working electrodes of the information and technical system local operational monitoring will allow obtaining reliable data on the state of the soil environment by reducing the error in determining the value of the electrical conductive properties soil, providing individual stabilization of the working electrodes and the mechanism of lifting / lowering the workers electrodes, copying roughness inequalities on the environment, reduction the intensity destruction of the soil structure, self-cleaning working contact electrode and ensuring the stability of the electrical contact electrode with the soil due to the improvement of the design of the device with the use of the proposed technical solutions. The result of using the device for determining the electrically conductive properties soil environment construction of Alexander Brovaryts is an increase in profits of 20–30% by optimizing the seeding rate of the process material, taking into account the agro-biological state of agricultural lands. Keywords: information and technical system, local operational monitoring, soil, samples, variability, size, research.

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47

Egilmez, M., I. Fan, K. H. Chow, W. A. MacFarlane, A. I. Mansour, D. S. Martin, J. Jung, et al. "Local magnetic properties of studied by." Physica B: Condensed Matter 404, no. 5-7 (April 2009): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2008.11.112.

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48

Zawadzki, Tadeusz. "Electrical properties of Lupinus angustifolius L. stem L Subthreshold potentials." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 48, no. 1 (2015): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1979.009.

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Subthreshold and action potentials in <i>Lupinus</i> stem in response to sub-threshold and threshold stimuli (square constant current pulses) were studied. The occurrence of electrotonic potentials and local responses is demonstrated. The general characteristic of these responses and their amplitudes are the same as demonstrated for the isolated crab axons by Hodgkin (1939) and Hodgkin and Rushton (1946). The course of the phenomenon, however, is about 108-104 times slower in plants.

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49

Ruffino, F., A. Canino, M. G. Grimaldi, F. Giannazzo, F. Roccaforte, and V. Raineri. "Electrical Properties of Self-Assembled Nano-Schottky Diodes." Journal of Nanomaterials 2008 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/243792.

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A bottom-up methodology to fabricate a nanostructured material by Au nanoclusters on 6H-SiC surface is illustrated. Furthermore, a methodology to control its structural properties by thermal-induced self-organization of the Au nanoclusters is demonstrated. To this aim, the self-organization kinetic mechanisms of Au nanoclusters on SiC surface were experimentally studied by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and theoretically modelled by a ripening process. The fabricated nanostructured materials were used to probe, by local conductive atomic force microscopy analyses, the electrical properties of nano-Schottky contact Au nanocluster/SiC. Strong efforts were dedicated to correlate the structural and electrical characteristics: the main observation was the Schottky barrier height dependence of the nano-Schottky contact on the cluster size. Such behavior was interpreted considering the physics of few electron quantum dots merged with the concepts of ballistic transport and thermoionic emission finding a satisfying agreement between the theoretical prediction and the experimental data. The fabricated Au nanocluster/SiC nanocontact is suggested as a prototype of nano-Schottky diode integrable in complex nanoelectronic circuits.

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50

Karthaus, Jan, Silas Elfgen, and Kay Hameyer. "Continuous local material model for the mechanical stress-dependency of magnetic properties in non-oriented electrical steel." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 38, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 1075–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-10-2018-0388.

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Purpose Magnetic properties of electrical steel are affected by mechanical stress. In electrical machines, influences because of manufacturing and assembling and because of operation cause a mechanical stress distribution inside the steel lamination. The purpose of this study is to analyse the local mechanical stress distribution and its consequences for the magnetic properties which must be considered when designing electrical machines. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, an approach for modelling stress-dependent magnetic material properties such as magnetic flux density using a continuous local material model is presented. Findings The presented model shows a good approximation to measurement results for mechanical tensile stress up to 100 MPa for the studied material. Originality/value The presented model allows a simple determination of model parameters by using stress-dependent magnetic material measurements. The model can also be used to determine a scalar mechanical stress distribution by using a known magnetic flux density distribution.

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