Дисертації з теми "Littérature germanophone – 1945-1990 – Thèmes, motifs"
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Beggour, Imad. "Littérature germanophone et catastrophe nucléaire (1945-1989) - une littérature de l'anthropocène ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILH019.
Повний текст джерелаThe present work is a study of literature on the theme of nuclear power, with particular reference to the representation of nuclear catastrophe in German literature from 1945 to 1989. This theme is linked to current debates on the new geological era of the Anthropocene. Indeed, many geologists assume that one of the most significant signs of the onset of the Anthropocene is the use of nuclear power from the 1950s onwards. By analysing literary works published between the end of the Second World War and the fall of the Berlin Wall, this work seeks to address several issues. It shows the different ways in which literature deals with the theme of nuclear catastrophe. The central question is to what extent this literature and the representation of nuclear catastrophe represent an early awareness of the Anthropocene era, even before the emergence of the term in the early 2000s. The first part of our research aims to show the extent to which the catastrophic narrative of the Anthropocene manifests itself in this nuclear literature. In the second part, the question raised concerns the character of the “Last Man” (a term introduced by the German philosopher Günther Anders) as a figure of the Anthropocene and a central figure in the literature that focuses on the nuclear issue. Based on the theses of Günther Anders, the final part questions the existence, in the selected corpus, of the critique of man's anthropocentrism, demonstrating that Anders' reasoning contributes to enriching this narrative of catastrophe. The aim of this study is not to show that a literature of the Anthropocene did not exist before 1945, but rather to prove that the literature on the use of nuclear energy is par excellence a literature of the Anthropocene
Fagot, Pascal. "Le thème de la Pologne dans la prose littéraire allemande de 1949 à 1960." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040145.
Повний текст джерелаTchinda, Patrick. "Le mythe de Faust dans la littérature de langue allemande de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle." Paris 12, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA120077.
Повний текст джерелаThe state of the myth of Faust in the second half of the twentieth century is the main focus of the thesis. By applying the mythocritic, developed by Gilbert Durand, to about thirty German language literary works, it shows how this myth gains ground in a period of great upheavals having the West wavering between modernity and postmodernity. The works that are studied are characterized by the intertextual presence of three models (“the primitive myth”, Faust of Goethe, the general mythical story) by which they are inspired and which they transform. The study of these transformations gives rise to the three great parts of the thesis. As important results, we first notice that the will to update the myth of Faust is prevailing. There are also some tendencies to deconstruction, to which parodies contribute. Nevertheless, the myth remains overall perceived as the symbolic drama of the human being’s condition confronted with the limits of the freedom. It represents contrasting contemporary visions, sometimes optimistic, sometimes pessimistic. However, its structures change; only Faust’s aspirations are preserved
Gokelaere-Nazir, Férial. "La société cairote dans les romans et nouvelles de Naguib Mahfouz de 1938 à 1980." Lyon 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO31003.
Повний текст джерелаNaguib mahfouz grew in a popular neighbourhood in cairo; he has become impregnated with the place's manners and habits; he lives the expectations and disappointments of a society bearing the mark of social and political history. In naguib mahfouz's work this ever-changing society is described, analysed, challenged, criticized. It is to be noted th at he is mainly concerned with cairo's people. Naguib mahfouz is so deeply immersed in cairo's society, so sensitive to his fellow-citizens' daily life that he finds forms of expression perfectly adequate to the situations. The present work - through the novels and short stories written by naguib mahfouz between 1938 and 1980 - means to revea l the close link between : - a society, the daily events making up its history - a writer and what he means to say - and the very form he adopts (or feels compulsory to adopt) to say what he means. Such close link implies both continuity in the writer's inspiration and preoccupation and a varitey of expression in relation to the main periods marking egyptian society's life from 1938 to 1980
Arnaldi, Maude. "De l'horizon aux veines du dragon : influence de l'Orient sur le concept d'espace dans les œuvres de Lorand Gaspar et François Cheng." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT5018.
Повний текст джерелаThe influence of the orient on our society is obvious today. This influence affects of coursethe litterary landscape, and the tools of analyse of the litterary spae has to be changed. The transformation of such space expres itself in the growing importance of the notion of void , and in the specific treatment of movement, which is the sign of a vital energy that runs through the landscape. The recent notion of horizon, developped by Maurice Merleau-Ponty and used in the litterary field by Michel Collot, is not able anymore to explain and analyze the litterary space of the contemporean works of Lorand Gaspar and François Cheng, which text require , so as to be enlighted, some elements of the chinese geomancy
Lauterwein, Andréa. ""Les deux mondes" Paul Celan et Anselm Kiefer." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030130.
Повний текст джерелаThis interdisciplinary research on the crisis of representations and the memory images of the Holocaust in Germany is organised around the transgenerational transmission between Paul Celan and Anselm Kiefer. The critical analysis of oral, written and imaged memory in Germany from 1945 to 1990 questions the complexity of silence. The interpretation of the relation between Celan's poetry and the non verbal image (surrealism, abstraction, history of art) focuses on the phenomenological resonance between the image and the text. Kiefer's painting adapts Celan's geological vision to commemorate the victims of the Holocaust, but this transformative adoption is neither iconic nor literal. The painter interprets and operates a new condensation of the ideographic landscape transmitted by the textual reference : the celanien ideolect becomes a kieferian ideogram. Celan's poetics provides him the model of an ethical mourning that permits to deconstruct the perduring phantasmas related to national-socialism by the way of a critique of their cultural construction. The aim of this operation is to control and to renovate the german cultural heritage, according to the Holocaust, and to inscribe the jewish memory into the german iconographic memory. The knowledge of the withdrawal of sense conducts Celan as well as Kiefer to a re-auratisation of art
Boulaire, Cécile. "Le Moyen-âge dans les livres pour enfants en France : 1945-1999." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20018.
Повний текст джерелаThe Middle ages occupy a considerable place in children literature. Since 1945 almost six hundred texts for children have appeared in France containing medieval setting. Theis bounty may be explained in several ways. These texts do not refer to the " true " Middle Ages, rather, they elaborate an image of the Middle Ages that is consensual, coherent, and static, completely devoted to the deployment of agreed-upon fictions. Autonomous, like a " country " one mitht visit, these Middle Ages of fiction respond to the demands of its young readers in terms of intelligibility and ethics. The large number of medieval fictions is also explained by the ease with which they are created. Having recourse to proven literary procedures for a literature of the mases, these works wallow in the cliché. This reveals, incidentally, an ambiguity they have in relation to their pedagogical function such that they are able to satifsy the eventually contradictory wishes of their double audience : young readers, ane directing /supervising adults. Such stories, superficially altered by the tides of this half century, are a model of formal consistency. Finally, the success of Middles Ages literature with children may be found in its dominating figure : the knight, fictional hero and inheritor of an ancient literary tradition from the Middle Ages to Romanticism, from King Arthur to Ivanhoe. This childrens literature is made up, in a large part, of adaptations in which authors tirelessly take up the same founding characters. The seduction of the armored knight is explained by the symbolism which these texts put into play through a number of constantly re-worked matrices. One by one, the knight represents the carefree early-childhood years, the troubling pre-adolescent years, and triumphang maturity. These texts have a discours on adulthood and the need to grow upt̂hat children (and perhaps above all boys) always wish to hear, no matter the time or age
Prstojević, Alexandre. "Claude Simon, Danilo Kiš : roman, famille, histoire." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030154.
Повний текст джерелаAndreescu, Iona. "Lieu de savoir, lieu de pouvoir : le laboratoire narratif de l'île dans la littérature Européenne d'après-guerre." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0083.
Повний текст джерелаThis doctoral research seeks to relate the myth of Robinson Crusoe and that of the desert island to modern European history, in order to apprehend several poetic functions of the post-1945 social system, particularly as portrayed in post-war novels such as Island (1962) by Aldous Huxley or Vendredi ou les limbes du Pacifiques (1971) by Michel Tournier. Considering the island space as a metaphor for a European social system in-the-making, the historian Michel de Certeau argues that the story of Robinson Crusoe is highly representative for occidental modern historiography. After the experience of the violence of the twentieth century, though Daniel Defoe's island story continues to be an important European narrative of making society, the rewritings of Robinson and the desert island present a completely different perspective than the one proposed in The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe, as the perceptions of the nation-state, time and space, identity and the place of the individual within society are radically transformed. The post-World War II avatars of Robinson seem to constitute a literary act involving collective awareness and a therapeutic memory exercise regarding the historical violence. The rewritings of this literary myth often constitute an act of 'remembering' a colonial past, a revision of the official history, a collective memory act having the aim of soothing the present of the burden of history
Roux, Baptiste. "Figures de l'Occupation dans les romans de Patrick Modiano." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040052.
Повний текст джерелаIt seems that years of French occupation have had a great influence on Patrick Modiano's work - and being. Very few novels don't deal with this period, which is a cornerstone of the artist's writings. In order to make easier the understanding of the novelist's trauma, we propose a reflexion divided in three parts. First, we try to give a suggestive view of the work based upon World War II. Modiano mixes up reality and fantasy in a kind of vortex, which is the narrative translation of the author's discorded mind. This state of things finds its outcome in the original system of the stylistic devices used by Modiano. The question is studied in a second part of this work. The events don't always find their place in a logical way, so that the core of trauma is out of reach, covered by the layers of time. In fact, the narrator's strategy seems to be focused on a single spot, which is the hiding of tremor behind the shelter of forgery. At last, we try to show how the memory of French occupation plays an important part in the building of the author's personality. It seems obvious that the protagonists of Modiano's first books are essentially the specter of human beings. The disintegration of the soul is the best way to survive in the corrupted and ruthless world of occupation, and above all, the consequence of the loss of the father
Séjourné, Emmanuelle. "Récits mythiques -récits modernes : la mythologie antique dans le roman contemporain de langue allemande." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR2005.
Повний текст джерелаAfter the Second World War as in the 80's, the resurgence of Greek and Latin myths in about thirty novels of the German language led to new experiments with narration and writing. Considered as creation and also re-creation, the rediscovery of a myth gives rise to innovative ideas about an essential cultural foundation and about the contemporary world as well. But behind the interest in the myth, there is also a reflection on the chosen literary genre. How far can a contemporary novel go when transmitting a myth? Four novels (Der blaue Kammerherr by Wolf von Niebelschütz, Amanda by Irmtraud Morgner, Die Ästhetik des Widerstands by Peter Weiss and Medusa by Stefan Schütz) bring the experience forward to the resurgence of a genre, the epic, coordinating theme and form in a far more consequent and audacious way than in the order novels. From myth to epic, the singularity of a contemporary writing of mythology comes into view through this study
Carre, Philippe. "La démythification du terroir dans le roman autrichien de la seconde moitié du XXème siècle." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20023.
Повний текст джерелаThe traditional picture of the Austrian land was that of a cosy place to live in. Nevertheless, this idyllic vision was given up after 1945 by contemporary authors whose aim is to criticize Heimat. They all want to destroy the myth of a beautiful nature, of a friendly rural society, of a salutary religion. All these writers demystify landscapes in decay. Like nature men and women suffer from physical and psychological diseases, they are just waiting for death. Even Catholicism which means here violence, hypocrisy and intolerance won't help them to survive because it's about to disappear too. The way the authors demystify Heimat allows them to criticize an Austrian society which alienates people. They write a biting social critique without creating anything else for the country. That's the reason why we can say they don't want to see a new Heimat arise. Through this total destruction Austria and Austrian people are lost for ever: how meaningful the words finis austriae are !
Dainese, Francesca. "À chacun sa cicatrice ˸ écritures de l'identité chez Romain Gary, Georges Perec et Patrick Modiano." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030059.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims to explore the theme of identity in the works of three French authors of Jewish origin, whose literary activity extends from the 1960s to the present day: Romain Gary, Georges Perec and Patrick Modiano. The three writers deal differently with the trauma of the Holocaust as a consequence of their different historical experiences: Gary was a hero of the Resistance, Perec survived the Holocaust as a Hidden Child and Modiano was the son of a Jewish collaborator. The theme of the Holocaust recurs in their works as a tormented and intimate interrogation to their origins. The three authors share the experience of being lost and researching into history. The difficult transmission of the memory of the past is accompanied by a problematic re-appropriation of the present. In this thesis, in accordance with Paul Ricœur, identity is conceived as a narrative that reconstructs and deconstructs the self, with no ultimate and clear definition of what it really is. Starting from Freud and the Trauma Studies, I study the relationship between identity and memory, focusing particularly on the principle of repetition as the traumatic result of the autobiographical and historical experiences of the three authors. In the second part of the thesis, following Foucault's studies on the “author-function”, I analyze how the search for personal identity is combined with and nurtured by the creation of an authorial posture and role, in reference to literary corpus of the three authors. In the third part, repetition is analyzed as an instrument of introjection of otherness, therefore considering each writer as an intertext of pre-existing words by other authors. Can rewriting and repetition be ‘‘form-sense’’ (H. Meschonnic) of the search for identity? Yes, provided that they are performed as aesthetic variations on a leading autobiographical theme
Chabrier, Isabelle. "La carnavalisation dans le roman cubain contemporain." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030183.
Повний текст джерелаThis study sets out the Bakhtine “carnival dimension” in the Cuban contemporary novel (El arpa y la sombra by Alejo Carpentier, Paradiso by José Lezama Lima, De donde son los cantantes by Severo Sarduy, Tres tristes tigres by Guillermo Cabrera Infante, El color del verano o Nuevo “Jardín de las Delicias” by Reinaldo Arenas, La piel y la máscara by Jesús Díaz). Our main concern is to demonstrate that “upside down world characteristics” that fixe the “carnavalesque vision” proposed by the Russian theorist is part of the writing in the integration of the carnival’s codes both as literary themes as narrative techniques. In a reading exceeding the baroque concept associated up to now with the Cuban novels of our corpus, we envisage the resurgence of the carnival’s former popular traditions, the mixture between tribute and irreverence, sacralization and deconsecration, as the symptom of the Cuban subject’s crisis, the postmodern expression of the rejection of the idols at the same time as the demonstration of a deep desire to recover a temporary freedom in the carnivalized literary representation and to plunge into a golden age celebrated by the carnival
Chambon, Burgun Françoise. "Le monde rural chez les écrivains de l'École de Vologda (1953-1983) : Alexandre Iachine, Fédor Abramov, Vassili Bélov : romans, nouvelles et récits." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040163.
Повний текст джерелаThe rural theme-a constant in Russian literature-gave rise under Stalin to extravagant evocations of the kolkhoz countryside. Under Khrushchev and Brejnev, it remained very much alive but found renewal in the so-called "ruralist" literature. Following in the footsteps of the peasant writers who died during the 1920s and 1930s, other writers motivated by their concern for truth and love for their native country evoke the soviet countryside in critical tableaux filled with bitterness. Three Vologda writers formed the spearhead of this movement: lachine, Abramov and Belov. Sharing their Nordic peasant origin, they witnessed three key successive moments of soviet history: collectivization, the war and the post-Stalin period. They succeeded in edifying this new literature despite the obstacles erected by political censure to smother it. A formal examination of their work reveals that they elevated and diversified so- called "minor" literary genres (otcherk, narrative, folk tale) while renewing narrative techniques (short stories, novels) via an original language where skaz and the author's writing form an alliance. Humor or irony was used to denounce the character flaws of "chiefs", bureaucratic wrongs, and the physical and moral misery of the rural population in a ruined, deserted countryside. Going back to their sources, especially during the 1960s and '70s, these writers evoke, in several short stories and historic novels, the darkest hours of collectivization and the war, indicting the kolkhoz system itself as well as its creators. Their criticism is founded on an exaltation of lost traditional peasant values: home and family, the village community centered on work and feast days, nature, at once friend, mother and sacred space. In this way, they reconnect with universal humanism and a form of popular art that, rejecting the domination of systems, account for man's spiritual aspirations, which can alone give meaning to life