Готові списки джерел за темами / Lipid degradation

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Lipid degradation"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Lipid degradation"

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Appel, Thomas Raul, Michael Wolff, Friedrich von Rheinbaben, Michael Heinzel, and Detlev Riesner. "Heat stability of prion rods and recombinant prion protein in water, lipid and lipid–water mixtures." Journal of General Virology 82, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-82-2-465.

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Prion rods, i.e. insoluble infectious aggregates of the N-terminally truncated form of the prion protein, PrP 27–30, and the corresponding recombinant protein, rPrP(90–231), were autoclaved in water, bovine lipid or lipid–water mixtures for 20 min at temperatures from 100 to 170 °C. A protocol was developed for the quantitative precipitation of small amounts of protein from large excesses of lipid. PrP remaining undegraded after autoclaving was quantified by Western blot and degradation factors were calculated. The Arrhenius plot of the rate of degradation vs temperature yielded linear relationships for prion rods in water or lipid–water as well as for rPrP(90–231) in lipid–water. The presence of lipids increased the heat stability of prion rods, especially at lower temperatures. Prion rods had a much higher thermal stability compared to rPrP. Autoclaving of prion rods in pure lipid gave different results – not simple degradation but bands indicative of covalently linked dimers, tetramers and higher aggregates. The heat stability of prion rods in pure lipid exceeded that in lipid–water mixtures. Degradation factors larger than 104 were reached at 170 °C in the presence of lipids and at 150 °C in the absence of lipids. The linear correlation of the data allows cautious extrapolation to conditions not tested, i.e. temperatures higher than 170 °C. A factual basis for assessing the biological safety of industrial processes utilizing potentially BSE-or scrapie-contaminated animal fat is provided.
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2

Shahidi, Fereidoon, and Abul Hossain. "Role of Lipids in Food Flavor Generation." Molecules 27, no. 15 (August 6, 2022): 5014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27155014.

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Lipids in food are a source of essential fatty acids and also play a crucial role in flavor and off-flavor development. Lipids contribute to food flavor generation due to their degradation to volatile compounds during food processing, heating/cooking, and storage and/or interactions with other constituents developed from the Maillard reaction and Strecker degradation, among others. The degradation of lipids mainly occurs via autoxidation, photooxidation, and enzymatic oxidation, which produce a myriad of volatile compounds. The oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids generates hydroperoxides that then further break down to odor-active volatile secondary lipid oxidation products including aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones. In this contribution, a summary of the most relevant and recent findings on the production of volatile compounds from lipid degradation and Maillard reactions and their interaction has been compiled and discussed. In particular, the effects of processing such as cooking, drying, and fermentation as well as the storage of lipid-based foods on flavor generation are briefly discussed.
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3

Masclaux-Daubresse, Céline, Sabine d’Andrea, Isabelle Bouchez, and Jean-Luc Cacas. "Reserve lipids and plant autophagy." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 10 (February 21, 2020): 2854–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa082.

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Abstract Autophagy is a universal mechanism that facilitates the degradation of unwanted cytoplasmic components in eukaryotic cells. In this review, we highlight recent developments in the investigation of the role of autophagy in lipid homeostasis in plants by comparison with algae, yeast, and animals. We consider the storage compartments that form the sources of lipids in plants, and the roles that autophagy plays in the synthesis of triacylglycerols and in the formation and maintenance of lipid droplets. We also consider the relationship between lipids and the biogenesis of autophagosomes, and the role of autophagy in the degradation of lipids in plants.
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Alvebratt, Caroline, Tahnee J. Dening, Michelle Åhlén, Ocean Cheung, Maria Strømme, Adolf Gogoll, Clive A. Prestidge, and Christel A. S. Bergström. "In Vitro Performance and Chemical Stability of Lipid-Based Formulations Encapsulated in a Mesoporous Magnesium Carbonate Carrier." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 5 (May 6, 2020): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12050426.

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Lipid-based formulations can circumvent the low aqueous solubility of problematic drug compounds and increase their oral absorption. As these formulations are often physically unstable and costly to manufacture, solidification has been suggested as a way to minimize these issues. This study evaluated the physicochemical stability and in vitro performance of lipid-loaded mesoporous magnesium carbonate (MMC) particles with an average pore size of 20 nm. A medium chain lipid was loaded onto the MMC carrier via physical adsorption. A modified in vitro lipolysis setup was then used to study lipid release and digestion with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The lipid loading efficiency with different solidification techniques was also evaluated. The MMC, unlike more commonly used porous silicate carriers, dissolved during the lipolysis assay, providing a rapid release of encapsulated lipids into solution. The digestion of the dispersed lipid-loaded MMC therefore resembled that of a coarse dispersion of the lipid. The stability data demonstrated minor degradation of the lipid within the pores of the MMC particles, but storage for three months did not reveal extensive degradation. To conclude, lipids can be adsorbed onto MMC, creating a solid powder from which the lipid is readily released into the solution during in vitro digestion. The chemical stability of the formulation does however merit further attention.
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Huang, Leng-Jie, and Rey-Huei Chen. "Lipid saturation induces degradation of squalene epoxidase for sterol homeostasis and cell survival." Life Science Alliance 6, no. 1 (November 11, 2022): e202201612. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202201612.

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A fluid membrane containing a mix of unsaturated and saturated lipids is essential for life. However, it is unclear how lipid saturation might affect lipid homeostasis, membrane-associated proteins, and membrane organelles. Here, we generate temperature-sensitive mutants of the sole fatty acid desaturase geneOLE1in the budding yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae. Using these mutants, we show that lipid saturation triggers the endoplasmic reticulum–associated degradation (ERAD) of squalene epoxidase Erg1, a rate-limiting enzyme in sterol biosynthesis, via the E3 ligase Doa10-Ubc7 complex. We identify the P469L mutation that abolishes the lipid saturation–induced ERAD of Erg1. Overexpressed WT or stable Erg1 mutants all mislocalize into foci in theole1mutant, whereas the stable Erg1 causes aberrant ER and severely compromises the growth ofole1, which are recapitulated bydoa10deletion. The toxicity of the stable Erg1 anddoa10deletion is due to the accumulation of lanosterol and misfolded proteins inole1. Our study identifies Erg1 as a novel lipid saturation–regulated ERAD target, manifesting a close link between lipid homeostasis and proteostasis that maintains sterol homeostasis under the lipid saturation condition for cell survival.
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Settembre, Carmine, and Andrea Ballabio. "Lysosome: regulator of lipid degradation pathways." Trends in Cell Biology 24, no. 12 (December 2014): 743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2014.06.006.

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Suzuki, Kunio. "Lipid Peroxide Degradation by Intestinal Bacteria." Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 6, no. 3 (January 1993): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08910609309141318.

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Barrow, RA, and RJ Capon. "Epoxy Lipids From the Australian Epiphytic Brown Alga Notheia anomala." Australian Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 5 (1990): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9900895.

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A detailed reinvestigation of the chemistry of Notheia anomala has resulted in the isolation of the known C19 lipid (1) together with 13 new C19 lipids (2), (3), (3a,b,c) (4), (4a,b,c) (8), (10),(13) and (14), one new C21 lipid (15) and two known C21 lipids, (17) and (18), and a new C17 lipid (19). The structures of these metabolites were established by spectroscopic analysis together with chemical derivatization and degradation. Absolute stereochemistries were determined by chemical and biosynthetic correlation to (1). A common biosynthetic pathway is proposed for all the oxygenated lipids from N. Anomala.
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Ekiel, Irena, and G. Dennis Sprott. "Identification of degradation artifacts formed upon treatment of hydroxydiether lipids from methanogens with methanolic HCl." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 38, no. 8 (August 1, 1992): 764–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m92-124.

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Treatment of purified 3-hydroxydiether lipid from Methanosarcina barkeri by standard conditions for head-group removal (2.5% methanolic HCl, 70 °C) resulted in conversion to six identifiable degradation products. The four most abundant products were identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance as monophytanylglycerol, 3-methoxydiether, and cis–trans isomers of a diether unsaturated between carbons 3 and 4. The latter lipid products may be mistaken for 2,3-di-O-phytanyl-sn-glycerol (standard diether) and 2-O-sesterterpanyl-3-O-phytanyl-sn-glycerol when separated by thin-layer chromatography. Key words: hydroxydiether lipids, degradation artifacts, methanolic HCl, Methanosarcina barkeri.
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10

Busija, Anna R., Hemal H. Patel, and Paul A. Insel. "Caveolins and cavins in the trafficking, maturation, and degradation of caveolae: implications for cell physiology." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 312, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): C459—C477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00355.2016.

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Caveolins (Cavs) are ~20 kDa scaffolding proteins that assemble as oligomeric complexes in lipid raft domains to form caveolae, flask-shaped plasma membrane (PM) invaginations. Caveolae (“little caves”) require lipid-lipid, protein-lipid, and protein-protein interactions that can modulate the localization, conformational stability, ligand affinity, effector specificity, and other functions of proteins that are partners of Cavs. Cavs are assembled into small oligomers in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), transported to the Golgi for assembly with cholesterol and other oligomers, and then exported to the PM as an intact coat complex. At the PM, cavins, ~50 kDa adapter proteins, oligomerize into an outer coat complex that remodels the membrane into caveolae. The structure of caveolae protects their contents (i.e., lipids and proteins) from degradation. Cellular changes, including signal transduction effects, can destabilize caveolae and produce cavin dissociation, restructuring of Cav oligomers, ubiquitination, internalization, and degradation. In this review, we provide a perspective of the life cycle (biogenesis, degradation), composition, and physiologic roles of Cavs and caveolae and identify unanswered questions regarding the roles of Cavs and cavins in caveolae and in regulating cell physiology.1
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Дисертації з теми "Lipid degradation"

1

Amir, Alipour Mohsen. "Effect of EPA on Intercellular Lipid Droplets Degradation." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36108.

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Although the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acid in reducing the risk of various of human diseases, such as hypertriglyceridemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, have been demonstrated in clinical and pre-clinical studies, the mechanism of its action is poorly understood. several studies has been reported that Dietary supplementation with fish oil induces many changes in plasma TG profile. N-3 fatty acid found in fish oil has been reported that reduce plasma TG and VLDL lev- els. Intercellular lipid droplets is the key regulator of plasma fatty acids and lipoproteins level. Here we show that n-3 fatty acid supplementation triggers intercellular lipid droplets degradation independent from known fatty acid mobilization pathways namely lipophagy and lipolysis . ATGL and HSL are consider as two major lipolysis enzymes.SiRNA study of these two lipolysis enzymes did not attenuate lipid droplets degradation. Lipophagy has been reported as a selective mechanism for degradation of lipid droplets during the starvation condition. Knock down of autophagy (macroautophagy) related pro- teins, could not block degradation of intercellular lipids by EPA. Degradation of lipid droplets is lysosomes dependent and requires lysosomal motility machinery. Lysosomes are interacting directly with lipid droplets during the process that is similar to kiss and run pattern. The morphological examination of this process by electron microscopy indicated its re- semblance to microautophagy like structure. Importantly, (over expression) Arl8b which has been shown that play a role in peripheral distribution of lysosomes along with FYCO1, specifically accelerates the effect of EPA on degradation of intercellular lipid droplets independent from its role in engagement of lysosomal plus end distribution. in particular, Arl8b recruited HOPS protein complex in EPA dependent fashion and si- lencing of HOPS complex interfered with normal lysosomal degradation of lipid droplets. Thus, this finding reveals new mechanism for intercellular lipid mobilization and offer an explanation for the therapeutic benefits of omega-3 fatty acids.
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2

Asano, Lisa. "Vitamin D metabolite, 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, regulates lipid metabolism by inducing degradation of SREBP/SCAP." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225512.

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Lee, Yoon-Hee. "Effect of Riboflavin and Lumichrome Degradation on the Oxidative Stability of Salad Dressing." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1253631242.

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4

Tipsrisukond, Narin. "Impact of lipid degradation processes, and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction on flavor characteristics of lard /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091972.

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5

Carbone, David L. "Effects of the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal on protein degradation and refolding pathways /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. IP filtered, 2005.

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6

Sato, Shin. "Degradation of cis-1,4-polyisoprene rubbers by white rot fungi and manganese peroxidase-catalyzed lipid peroxidation." Kyoto University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/78163.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第11635号
農博第1491号
新制||農||908(附属図書館)
学位論文||H17||N4028(農学部図書室)
UT51-2005-D384
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)教授 渡邊 隆司, 教授 島田 幹夫, 教授 東 順一
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Zahoor, Muhammad kashif. "Genome wide analysis for novel regulators of growth and lipid metabolism in drosophila melanogaster." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664844.

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The evolutionary conserved insulin and nutrient signaling network regulates growth andmetabolism. Nutrients are directly utilized for growth or stored, mostly as triglycerides. InDrosophila, activation of insulin/nutrient signaling in the fat body (the fly equivalent of liverand adipose tissue), causes an increase in fat stores composed of several small-size lipiddroplets (LDs). Conversely, fasting produces an increase in LD size and a decrease in fatcontents. The TOR kinase and its substrate S6 kinase (S6K) play a central role in this response,and particularly in Drosophila, they have been shown to orchestrate cell-autonomous andhormone-controlled growth. However, despite extensive research studies on different modelorganisms (mouse, fly, worm) to decipher the molecular and physiological functions of S6K,nothing is known about how its degradation is regulated.Taking advantage of the inducible RNA interfering (RNAi) library from NIG (Japan), we haveperformed three genetic screens to identify novel regulators of steroidogenesis, lipidmetabolism and dS6K-dependent growth. First, RNAi lines were screened in the ring gland; anorgan that controls the progression of the developmental steps by producing the steroidhormone ecdysone. Out of 7,000 genes screened, 620 positive candidates were identified toproduce developmental arrest and/or overgrowth phenotypes. Then, we challenged 4,000 genesby RNAi screening able to recapitulate the larger sized LD phenotype as obtained uponstarvation, leading to the identification of 24 potential candidates. Finally, the RNAi lines werescreened for their ability to enhance a growth phenotype dependent of the Drosophila S6K(dS6K). Out of 7,000 genes screened, 45 genes were identified as potential negative regulatorsof dS6K. These genes were further used to design a novel protein-protein interaction networkcentered on dS6K through the available data from yeast-2-hybrid (Y2H) assay. The most potentinteractors were then analyzed by treatment of cultured S2 cells with the corresponding doublestrand RNA (dRNA). Western blotting thus, allowed us to discriminate between the geneproducts that regulate dS6K levels versus those that regulate its phosphorylation, as a hallmarkfor its kinase activity. Interestingly, archipelago (ago), which encodes a component of an SCFubiquitinligase known to regulate the degradation of dMyc, Cyclin E and Notch, was identifiedas a negative regulator of dS6K-dependent growth. Based on the Y2H available data showingthat Ago and dS6K interact each other and the presence of a putative Ago-interaction motif indS6K, we hypothesized that Ago causes an ubiquitin-mediated degradation of dS6K. Ourmolecular data showed that loss of ago caused an elevated level of dS6K, which confirms arole of Ago in controlling dS6K degradation. Altogether our findings emphasize the importanceof the saturating screening strategies in Drosophila to identify novel regulators of metabolicand signaling pathways.
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Ruggiano, Annamaria 1985. "Control of endoplasmatic reticulum homeostasis by Doa10-dependent protein degradation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/384851.

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La función, forma e identidad de los orgánulos celulares es determinada, en gran medida, por su composición lipídica y proteica. Para mantener el equilibrio celular, las tasas de síntesis y degradación tanto de proteínas como de lípidos deben controlarse con exactitud. La proteólisis mediante el sistema ubiquitino-proteosómico cumple un papel importante en la regulación del tiempo de vida media de una variedad de proteínas. El normal funcionamiento de numerosos procesos celulares requiere degradación selectiva de proteínas en forma precisa y oportuna; entre estos procesos algunos ejemplos prominentes son: tráfico intracelular y secreción, eliminación de polipéptidos dañados y reparación de ADN. Valga resaltar que anomalías en el sistema ubiquitino-proteosómico han sido asociadas a varias patologías humanas. Durante la proteosíntesis algunas proteínas mal plegadas se generan, de forma constitutiva, en la membrana y en el lumen del retículo endoplasmático (RE). Estas especies, potencialmente tóxicas, son eliminadas mediante el sistema ubiquitino-proteosómico por una ruta de control de calidad denominada degradación asociada al retículo endoplasmático (DARE). Más allá de esta bien conocida y estudiada función, DARE controla también la abundancia de algunas proteínas del RE correctamente plegadas y funcionales, pero de vida media corta. En este caso la selección y degradación de substratos responde a condiciones fisiológicas específicas y constituye un proceso regulado. De particular relevancia, la síntesis de esteroles se ajusta a los requerimientos celulares a través del control de la estabilidad de la enzima HMGR mediante un mecanismo de retroalimentación. A pesar de su importancia en la homeostasis del RE, hasta el momento sólo se conocen algunos pocos ejemplos de degradación regulada mediada por DARE. En el RE de S.cerevisiae tres enzimas ligasas de ubiquitina, entre ellas Doa10, participan en la degradación de proteínas mal plegadas. Con el propósito de encontrar sustratos regulados de Doa10 llevamos a cabo un examen proteómico. Encontramos varios candidatos, involucrados en diversas funciones celulares, y caracterizamos algunos de ellos en mayor profundidad. Demostramos que la degradación dependiente de Doa10 tiene un impacto crucial en la homeostasis de lípidos por medio de la eliminación regulada de Erg1, una enzima del anabolismo de esteroles. Más aún, encontramos que Doa10 lleva a la degradación de proteínas pertenecientes a los cuerpos lipídicos, un orgánulo derivado del RE; este descubrimiento resalta el rol que DARE juega en el control espacial de proteínas y el mantenimiento de la identidad del RE.
The function, shape and identity of cellular organelles are too a large extent determined by their lipid and protein composition. In order to maintain cellular homeostasis, the rate of synthesis and degradation of proteins and lipids must be accurately controlled. Proteolysis by the ubiquitin-proteasome system plays a major role in regulating the half-lives of a range of proteins. A multitude of cellular processes depends on timely controlled and selective protein degradation; just to mention a few, these include intracellular trafficking and secretion, elimination of damaged polypeptides and DNA repair. Remarkably, anomalies in the ubiquitin-proteasome system have been linked to several human pathologies. Misfolded proteins in the membrane and lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are constitutively generated during protein biosynthesis. These species are potentially toxic and are eliminated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system through a quality control pathway called ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). Beyond this well-studied role, ERAD controls the levels of some folded, functional but short-lived ER proteins by eliminating them under a specific physiological condition, thereby in a regulated fashion. Of note, sterol production is adjusted to cell needs through feedback control of the HMGR enzyme stability. Despite its importance in ER homeostasis, regulated degradation through ERAD still accounts for only few examples. Yeast Doa10 is one of three ER ubiquitin ligase enzymes implicated in the degradation of misfolded proteins. To seek for regulated Doa10 clients, we pursued a proteomics screening. We identified potential targets involved in diverse cellular functions and further characterized some of them. We demonstrate that Doa10-dependent degradation critically impacts lipid homeostasis through regulated disposal of the sterol pathway enzyme Erg1. Moreover, we show that Doa10 mediates degradation of proteins belonging to lipid droplets, an ER-derived organelle; this finding highlights a role for ERAD in protein spatial control and maintenance of ER identity.
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Schwab, Martin. "Degradation of lipid based drug delivery systems and characterization of semi-synthetic spider silk proteins for the application in pharmaceutical technology." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-165238.

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Maheshwari, Neeraj. "Biofuntionalisation of PLGA based polymer nanoparticles for vectorization : interaction with biomimetic lipid membranes and bio-controlled release." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2357.

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Cette thèse vise à développer des nanoparticules de PLGA pour la vectorisation et à étudier l’interaction de ces nanoparticules avec des bicouches phospholipidiques imitant les membranes cellulaires. Pour la vectorisation passive, les changements physico-chimiques ont été contrôlés en incubant les NPs de PLGA (50:50) dans différentes conditions de pH tamponné à des intervalles de temps accrus. Le PLGA a montré plusieurs comportements de dégradation différant selon le pH. La formation de pores a été observée à pH élevé (conditions basiques) tout en préservant le volume des particules mais en modifiant la densité. Par opposition, à faible pH, une érosion superficielle des particules conduisant à une diminution de leur taille a été démontrée. Cette étude a été réalisée à l'aide de la DLS, l’ESEM et la spectrophotométrie. Pour la vectorisation active, les parois des capsules de PLGA (75:25) ont été modifiées par addition de phospholipides. La libération de la sonde fluorescente hydrophile, la calcéine, a été contrôlée en augmentant la température. On a observé qu'avec le DOPC (0,31 mM), la vectorisation peut être déclenchée à l'aide de détergents ou d'une enzyme (PLA2). Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous avons proposé la formation d'un complexe lipide-polymère ayant lieu à l'intérieur de la matrice, ce qui le rend vulnérable aux enzymes ou détergents induisant sa libération. L'effet des NPs de PLGA sur les bicouches phospholipidiques imitant la membrane cellulaire a été réalisé à l'aide de sondes fluorescentes moléculaires (Prodan et Laurdan). L'étude a été effectuée en calculant la polarisation généralisée (GP) sous l'influence des NPs de PLGA (50:50 et 75:25). L'interaction ayant lieu s’avérait être un phénomène de surface et aucune effet des NPs sur la perméabilité des membranes modèles LUVs et SUVs n’a été souligné. La valeur de Tm des phospholipides est également maintenue lorsque l’étude est menée avec le Laurdan. Les études de GP mené avec la sonde Prodan fournissent la première méthode originale pour déterminer la Tg de PLGA dans des conditions aqueuses. C'est une méthode rapide et facile qui détermine la valeur de Tg de PLGA en temps réel et en utilisant une très petite quantité de l'échantillon. Cette interaction n'est pas affectée par la composition des membranes cellulaires imitant les bicouches
This thesis aims at developing PLGA nanoparticles for controlled release and investigating its interaction with phospholipid bilayers mimicking cell membranes. For passive controlled release the physiochemical changes were monitored by incubating the PLGA (50:50) NPs in different buffered pH conditions at increased time intervals. PLGA exhibited dissimilar degradation behavior with pore formation for high pH (basic conditions) maintaining the volume of the particles but change in the density, while at low pH it showed surface erosion. There is decrease in the particle size upon incubating in low pH. This study was carried out using DLS, ESEM and spectrophotometry. For active release the walls of PLGA (75:25) capsules were modulated using phospholipids. The release of hydrophilic fluorescent probe Calcein was monitored with increasing the temperature. It was observed that with DOPC (0.31mM) the release can be triggered using detergents or an enzyme (PLA2). We propose the formation of a lipid-polymer complex within the polymer matrix forming plugs which are vulnerable to enzymes/detergents inducing release. The effect of PLGA NPs over the phospholipid bilayers mimicking cell membrane was carried out using molecular fluorescent probes (Prodan and Laurdan). The study was carried out by calculating the generalised polarisation (GP) under the influence of PLGA NPs (50:50 and 75:25). It is found that the interaction is a surface phenomenon and there is no influence of NPs over the permeability of model membranes LUVs and SUVs. The Tm value of the phospholipids is also maintained when studied with Laurdan. Prodan probe GP studies provide first original method to determine the Tg of PLGA in complete aqueous conditions. It is a rapid and easy method which determines the Tg value of PLGA in real time using very small quantity of the sample. This interaction is not affected by the composition of the bilayer mimicking cell membranes
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Книги з теми "Lipid degradation"

1

Gluckman, Sir Peter, Mark Hanson, Chong Yap Seng, and Anne Bardsley. Vitamin B7 (biotin) in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722700.003.0011.

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Biotin is a water-soluble B vitamin (vitamin B7) which acts as a coenzyme to carboxylases and has roles in gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and amino acid catabolism. Reduced activity of biotin-dependent enzymes (acetyl-CoA carboxylase I and II, and propionyl-CoA carboxylase) alters lipid metabolism and may impair synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids and prostaglandins; in addition, biotin has effects on gene expression by binding covalently to histones. Deficiency can be caused by prolonged consumption of egg whites, which contain the biotin-binding protein avidin. Smoking accelerates the degradation of biotin, which can result in marginal biotin deficiency. The effects of deficiency include disruption of immune function and lipid metabolism, with some evidence of teratogenicity in animals. Dietary deficiency is unlikely, although high consumption of egg whites should be avoided in pregnancy.
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Частини книг з теми "Lipid degradation"

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Gupta, Rani, and Namita Gupta. "Lipid Biosynthesis and Degradation." In Fundamentals of Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism, 491–523. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0723-3_18.

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Sahonero-Canavesi, Diana X., Isabel M. López-Lara, and Otto Geiger. "Membrane Lipid Degradation and Lipid Cycles in Microbes." In Aerobic Utilization of Hydrocarbons, Oils, and Lipids, 231–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50418-6_38.

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Sahonero-Canavesi, Diana X., Isabel M. López-Lara, and Otto Geiger. "Membrane Lipid Degradation and Lipid Cycles in Microbes." In Aerobic Utilization of Hydrocarbons, Oils and Lipids, 1–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39782-5_38-1.

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Parales, R. E. "Hydrocarbon Degradation by Betaproteobacteria." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 1715–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_121.

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Pieper, D. H., B. González, B. Cámara, D. Pérez-Pantoja, and W. Reineke. "Aerobic Degradation of Chloroaromatics." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 839–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_61.

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Röling, W. F. M. "Hydrocarbon-Degradation by Acidophilic Microorganisms." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 1923–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_140.

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Head, I. M., S. R. Larter, N. D. Gray, A. Sherry, J. J. Adams, C. M. Aitken, D. M. Jones, A. K. Rowan, H. Huang, and W. F. M. Röling. "Hydrocarbon Degradation in Petroleum Reservoirs." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 3097–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_232.

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Pérez-Pantoja, D., B. González, and D. H. Pieper. "Aerobic Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 799–837. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_60.

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Fetzner, S. "Aerobic Degradation of Halogenated Aliphatics." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 865–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_62.

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Tierney, M., and L. Y. Young. "Anaerobic Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 925–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_65.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Lipid degradation"

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Tian, Ling. "20E-induced autophagy activates fat body lipid degradation for insect metamorphic development." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.107745.

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Alberdi-Cedeno, Jon, Kubra Demir, and Marc Pignitter. "Influence of monosodium glutamate on the oxidative stability of meat lipids." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/mvhi9556.

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Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is an additive (E621) widely used as flavor enhancer in food industry in order to increase palatability, especially in meat and meat derived products. Its use has increased worldwide by 4.80% during 2017–2021. Therefore, its effect on sensory and organoleptic quality of meat and meat derived products has been extensively investigated. However, so far, studies investigating the impact of MSG on the progress of lipid oxidation in meat are lacking. Therefore, the effect of the fortification of pork burger patties with 0–1.2 % MSG was addressed, paying particular attention to the oxidative stability of their lipids. Samples were storage at 8 °C up to 4 days following oven cooking at 180 °C for 10 min. In order to have an overall view, the samples were analyzed by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and Solid Phase Microextraction followed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). The results showed, for the first time, that the fortification of pork burger patties with MSG caused the degradation of their main polyunsaturated acyl groups, linoleic acyl groups (-6) (p< 0.05), as well as some minor components, such as terpenes, after cooking. The decline of non-oxidized lipids was accompanied by the formation of different oxidation compounds, such as aldehydes, ketones and alcohols among others. In general, the total amount of secondary lipid oxidation compounds was enhanced in the presence of 1.2% MSG compared to the non-treated patties (p< 0.05). Moreover, it was observed that the storage at 8 °C did not have any effects on the oxidative stability of the pork lipids. Overall, MSG was shown to promote lipid oxidation in pork burgers raising concerns about its impact on food quality.
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Wu, Haizhou, Bita Forghani, Ingrid Undeland, and Mehdi Abdollahi. "Lipid oxidation in sorted herring (Clupea harengus) filleting co-products and its relationship to composition." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/uelt7673.

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In industrial fish filleting, around 30–70 % of the total weight of the fish end up as side streams (often called by- or co-products), such as the head, backbone, caudal fin, skin, and intestines. Currently, these fractions are dedicated to low value uses as fodder meals or mink feed, even if they contain significant amounts of protein, long chain (LC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and other nutrients such as vitamins and minerals. However, most fish processors mix their side streams, not least when it comes to small pelagic species like herring. This practice limits use of the side streams for food production since the raw material gets very complex, and since blood, enzymes and lipids from e.g., the viscera and head parts easily contaminate the cleaner parts like the backbones and tails, accelerating e.g., their oxidative or enzymatic degradation. In the present study, lipid oxidation in ice-stored sorted and minced herring fractions (head, backbone, viscera+belly flap, tail, fillet) from spring and fall, and its association with endogenous pro-oxidants, antioxidants and lipid substrates were investigated. Peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) had increased significantly in all fractions after 1 day, but for both seasons, the most rapid PV and TBARS development occurred in head, which also had highest hemoglobin (Hb) levels and lipoxygenases (LOX) activity. Viscera+belly flap was overall the most stable part, and also had the highest -tocopherol content. Pearson correlation analyses across all five fractions confirmed a significant impact of Hb, LOX and -tocopherol on the lipid oxidation susceptibility, while content of total iron, copper, lipids or PUFA provided no significant correlation. Overall, the study showed which pro-oxidants that should be inhibited or removed to succeed with value adding of herring filleting side streams along with the fillet itself.
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Zheng, Liyou, Hongyan Guo, Jun Jin, and Qingzhe Jin. "Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies of the Thermal-degradation of tocored in Lipid Systems with Different Unsaturation Degree." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/wgep5828.

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γ-Tocopherol-5,6-quinone (tocored) is a crucial micro-component in oils, which endows edible oils with orange-red color. Tocored has long been considered as the culprit for oil color reversion, which would deteriorate oil color stability and affect oil appearance. Attention should be paid to investigate the performance of tocored in lipid systems when exposed to heat. The kinetics of tocored degradation in lipid systems with different unsaturation degree (Methyl palmitate, MP; Methyl oleate, MO; Methyl linoleate, ML) were studied over a temperature range of 90-120°C. Tocored degradation was corelated well with the unsaturated level of the substrates, which meant the higher degree of unsaturation degree the shorter time it took for tocored’s depletion. Tocored degradation followed zero-order kinetics, where the rate constantly increased with increasing temperatures. The Ea values for tocored degradation in MO and ML were 74.50 and 99.16 kJ⋅mol-1, respectively. Considering the thermodynamic parameters (ΔH++>0, ΔS++< 0, and ΔG++>0), the nature of the concerned process both in MO and ML proves that it is an endothermic and non-spontaneous process. Above all, the kinetics and thermodynamics data extended the knowledge on the stability of tocored in oily systems, which is vital important for further oil industrial processing.
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Bayram, Ipek, and Eric Decker. "Determination of Antioxidant Synergism Between Tocopherols and Myricetin in Bulk Oil." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/gxns9591.

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Lipid oxidation is a series of reactions affecting food quality and shelf life since it impacts flavor, color, and nutrition. The food industry utilizes different antioxidants to retard oxidation. Interaction between antioxidants can improve the ability of the industry to protect foods if the antioxidant combination is synergistic. This research aims to determine the conditions where tocopherols and myricetin exhibit synergistic activity in bulk oils. Soybean oil was stripped to remove present endogenous antioxidants to better understand tocopherol-myricetin interaction. The oxidative stability of the oil was determined by spectroscopically measuring lipid hydroperoxides and monitoring aldehyde formation by gas chromatography. Antioxidant degradation was determined by HPLC. α or mixed tocopherols (50 µM), myricetin (10, 25, 50, 100, 250 µM), and their combinations were added to stripped oil to determine how antioxidant ratios impacted synergism. The interaction index is the ratio of the observed lag phase to the expected lag phase of the antioxidant combination. Interaction indexes were 1.14, 1.50, 1.55, 1.30, and 1.16 when tocopherol: myricetin ratio was 5:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:5, respectively, implicating synergistic activity (interaction index >1). Synergism was greatest when antioxidant concentrations were similar. Tocopherol and myricetin degraded at different rates, suggesting that synergism could be due to either regeneration of one antioxidant by another or preferential oxidation of one antioxidant followed by another. Synergism could also occur by chelating properties of myricetin, which could decrease the tocopherol loss. Tocopherols were found to be completely degraded just before the oxidation of fatty acids. This suggests that modeling the rate of tocopherol degradation could predict shelf-life. This project is significant for the Lipid Oxidation and Quality Division since it supplies ideas and learning opportunities to members who share similar interests in synergistic activity, antioxidant degradation kinetics, and unique strategies to decrease food waste caused by lipid oxidation.
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Hildago, Francisco J., and Rosario Zamora. "Lipid-derived Aldehyde Degradation Under Thermal Conditions and Their Scavenging by Phenolics During Food Frying." In Virtual 2021 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/am21.324.

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Zhang, Cen, Juan Liu, Yuhan Zhao, Xuetian Yue, Hao Wu, Jun Li, Zhiyuan Shen, Bruce Haffty, Wenwei Hu, and Zhaohui Feng. "Abstract 4406: Cullin3-KLHL25 ubiquitin ligase targets ACLY for degradation to inhibit lipid synthesis and tumor progression." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-4406.

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Ulbikas, Jessica, Ye Ling Li, and Amanda Wright. "Effects of Palm Stearin and Palm Olein Emulsion Crystallinity on Beta-carotene Degradation and in vitro Bioaccessibility." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/lkfw6377.

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The encapsulation of lipophilic vitamins and other bioactive molecules in nanoemulsions can promote their stabilization, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability, which impacts various physiological processes. This research investigated how triacylglycerol crystallinity influenced the effect of beta-carotene (BC) encapsulation on emulsion properties, the degradation of BC nanoemulsions over time, and BC bioaccessibility during static in vitro digestion. Emulsions composed of 10 wt% palm stearin (PS) or palm olein (PO), 0.4 wt% Span 60, and 0.01 wt% BC were tempered to achieve four emulsions with different physical states: crystalline solid (PS-SE-BC); partially crystalline solid (PS-SE-25-BC); undercooled liquid (PS-LE-BC); and a control emulsion (PO-BC) not susceptible to crystallization. BC degradation under accelerated lighting conditions at 37o C, melting behaviour, and particle size were measured at baseline and after 14 days. Emulsions were subjected to simulated in vitro gastric and duodenal digestion for up to 24 hours, and BC bioaccessibility was determined at 1, 2, 4 and 24 hours. The baseline particle size distributions for all emulsions at baseline were similarly monomodal, centred around 0.8 um, and unchanged from emulsions without BC. However, at day 14, all the palm stearin emulsions had monomodal distributions but consisted of larger particles. The melting behaviour of emulsions at baseline and day 14 were similar, except for PS-LE-BC, which contained some solid fat by day 14. All emulsions showed statistically similar BC degradation after 14 days (P >0.05), and BC bioaccessibility was similar between all emulsions (P >0.05). Therefore, the presence of lipid crystallinity in the nanoemulsions did not significantly influence BC degradation or BC bioaccessibility. These results help to explain how lipid crystallinity may impact bioactive stability and bioaccessibility, highlighting its wide-ranging implications for nutrient delivery.
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Durand, Erwann, Nastassia Kaugarenia, Nathalie Barouh, Pierre Villeneuve, and Romain Kapel. "Antioxidant chelating peptides production from Rapeseed meal proteins proteolysis." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/whcd7145.

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The oxidative chemical degradation produced by reactive species (free radicals, oxygen, etc.) is responsible for the deterioration of most of the formulated products. One of the main properties of an antioxidant lies in its capacity to limit the chemical propagation of oxidation by reducing free radicals. Another strategy to prevent oxidation is binding transition metals, since they are ubiquitous and deeply involved in the initiation and propagation of lipids oxidation. Naturally occurring phospholipids, polyphenols, proteins, or peptides that can bind metal ions could be more valued than synthetic molecules, for human wellbeing, but also to align with consumer preferences. Yet, EDTA salts and sodium citrate remain the most common metal chelators in foods. In this study, we went to investigate a strategy to develop naturally produced antioxidants peptides from edible plant biomass, such as rapeseed. Several enzymatic hydrolyses of total rapeseed protein isolate with various proteases have been performed, and the produced peptides were screened for their antioxidant capacity. Peptides generated with Prolyve® allowed for particularly high Fe2+ chelation capacity (EC50 = 247 ± 27 µg). Accordingly, the enzymatic processing step with Prolyve® was modeled and optimized to minimize reaction costs and maximize peptide recovery. Then, lipid oxidation was studied in the presence or in the absence of chelating peptides, in micellar, bulk, and oil-in-water emulsion systems, and compared with EDTA salts and sodium citrate. Results clearly emphasized a very interesting potential from the peptides sample to prevent lipid oxidation by chelation of transition metals in emulsified models.This result is particularly important to develop the potential of applications of rapeseed meal in various food formulations. In addition, this study emphasized an approach aiming at developing food chelator peptides from plant proteins, having multifunctional properties, and through sustainable processing.
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Sarles, Stephen A., and Donald J. Leo. "Feedback Control of Biomolecular Systems Formed From Droplet-Interface Bilayers." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-421.

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Applying feedback control strategies to biological materials establishes a new paradigm for creating controlled biomolecular systems. Specifically, current tracking and feedback voltage amplification are demonstrated separately on bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) formed via the droplet-interface bilayer (DIB) method. Ion channel induced degradation of the bilayer is studied in order to provide a convenient method for causing changes to the bilayer which can be monitored using proportional-integral (PI) feedback voltage control. Alpha-hemolysin (αHL) from Staphylococcus aureus was shown to cause large scale reductions (+90%) to the resistance of the lipid bilayers formed at the interface of connected water droplets within 90 minutes of bilayer formation. Feedback integral current control was demonstrated on pure 1,2-diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPhPC) DIBs not containing αHL and provided accurate current tracking of a 100pA desired current signal driven at a rate of 10mHz and less. Voltage amplification monitoring was achieved on DPhPC DIBs containing αHL, providing a way to detect decreasing resistance and capacitance of the bilayer and nonlinear current-voltage relationship.
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