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Книги з теми "Limb bud"

Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Limb bud.

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Services, Dearborn Environmental Consulting. Treatability of wastewaters from high CaO and CaSO4 content FBC wastes. Ottawa, Ont., Canada: Environment Canada, 1986.

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2

Barembaum, Meyer. Isolation of cDNA clones expressed in differentiating mesenchyme during early limb bud development. 1993.

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3

Malko, Andrei. Characterization of the mouse limb bud cell culture model to study the role of calreticulin in chondrogenesis. 2007.

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4

Bensmaia, Sliman J. Biohybrid touch interfaces. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0053.

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This chapter on biohybrid touch interfaces discusses the importance of touch in everyday life, namely in object manipulation, embodiment, and emotional communication. It then describes approaches to restore touch for individuals who have lost a limb or who have upper spinal cord injuries (SCIs) and thus have lost sensation from their limbs. One promising approach to restoring sensorimotor function in these patients is to fit them with robotic prostheses. For these limbs to be clinically viable, however, the patients must not only be able to control movements of the limb but also be able to receive sensory feedback about the consequences of the movements. Touch can be restored by interfacing with the peripheral nerve or with the brain and each approach offers promise but also faces challenges.

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5

Kenyon, Sherrilyn. Bad Attitude Lib/E. Urban Audiobooks, 2018.

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6

Bosch, Pseudonymous, and Aaron Landon. Bad News Lib/E. Little, Brown Young Readers, 2017.

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7

Bosch, Pseudonymous. Bad Magic Lib/E. Hachette Book Group, 2014.

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8

Oliver, Tess, Anna Hart, Mason Lloyd, and C. J. Bloom. Stone Cold Bad Lib/E. Tantor Audio, 2015.

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9

Hudson, Benjamin J., and Deborah M. Eastwood. Congenital upper limb anomalies. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.013011.

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♦ Anomalies are common but often minor and of little functional concern♦ Often associated with other manifestations that are of greater clinical significance♦ A knowledge of embryological development allows a better understanding of the clinical picture and informs management plans.

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10

Monster under the Bed: Band 11/Lime. HarperCollins Publishers Limited, 2010.

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11

Platzer, Brian, and Donald Corren. Bed-Stuy Is Burning Lib/E. Blackstone Publishing, 2017.

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12

James, Patterson. The Big Bad Wolf Lib/E. Little Brown and Company, 2015.

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13

Gaukroger, Stephen. Phantom Limbs. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190490447.003.0014.

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Анотація:

Phantom limbs pose a philosophical problem about the location of pains. The work of Descartes first used them to make a philosophical point about the brain in relation to the body. They have traditionally been thought of as being due to nerve endings on the pathway to the original limb being activated. However, it was subsequently discovered that the phenomenon occurs even when the spinal chord is severed, suggesting that it is rather a question of brain activity, part of a neurosignature through which the brain indicates the body is one’s own. More recent resarch suggests involvement not only of the sensory systems but also the parietal cortex and the limbic system, which is concerned with emotion and motivation.

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14

Phillips, Tudor. Risk factors for post-amputation pain. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0066.

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Анотація:

The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is ‘Immediate and long-term phantom limb pain in amputees: Incidence, clinical characteristics and relationship to pre-amputation limb pain’, published by Jensen et al. in 1985. This study examined a cohort of older patients undergoing limb amputation, and carefully related pre-amputation pain to the development and nature of phantom limb pain. The authors demonstrated that a third of patients experienced pain similar to the pre-amputated limb pain immediately after amputation; patients who had experienced pre-amputation pain were more likely to experience phantom limb pain in the first 6 months after the amputation; and persistent phantom limb pain was more likely in patients who experienced stump pain after amputation. The study had clear implications for pain management but, importantly, it also demonstrated that peripheral pain, in the form of pre-amputation and stump pain, was important in determining the development and maintenance of phantom limb pain.

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15

Shepard, Jim. You Think That's Bad Lib/E: Stories. Blackstone Publishing, 2011.

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16

Michaune and Dallas Malik. Definition of a Bad Girl Lib/E. Urban Audiobooks, 2018.

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17

Carpenter, Maggie, and Conner Goff. Motorcycle Master Lib/E: Bad Boy Angel. Silverton Agency, 2018.

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18

Kihn, Martin, and David Drummond. Bad Dog Lib/E: A Love Story. HighBridge Audio, 2012.

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19

Theologis, Tim, and J. M. H. Paterson. Lower limb management in cerebral palsy. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.013004.

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♦ All patients with cerebral palsy have lower limb involvement♦ Determination of the pattern of neurological involvement and the degree of selective muscle control is important when considering orthopaedic intervention♦ The neurological insult is non-progressive but the musculoskeletal effects do progress.♦ Specific treatment aims must be identified and realistic targets defined♦ The appropriate treatment must be selected for the child’s age and stage of development♦ It is important to differentiate between dynamic and fixed contractures♦ Surgery is only one of the management options and is rarely successful if considered in isolation.

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20

Hornsby, Wendy, and Donna Postel. Bad Intent Lib/E: A Maggie Macgowen Mystery. HighBridge Audio, 2014.

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21

Fox, Christian, and Helenkay Dimon. Under the Wire Lib/E: Bad Boys Undercover. Avon Original, 2016.

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22

Cuevas-Trisan, Ramon, ed. Painful Conditions of the Upper Limb. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190066376.001.0001.

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Анотація:

This volume is part of the “What Do I Do Now” Pain Management series, presenting clinical scenarios related to painful syndromes affecting the upper limb. The emphasis is on common presenting symptoms and associated conditions but the chapters expand to more complex syndromes requiring extensive diagnostic evaluation, more comprehensive approaches, and complex management strategies. Upper limb pain can be complex to evaluate and manage given the multiple potential etiologies, complex anatomical structures, and pain referral patterns. The multitude of cumulative trauma disorders and their resulting functional and vocational effects are discussed with special attention to rehabilitative management and functional restoration. The interplay of neuromusculoskeletal structures and functions in the upper limb are front and center pieces of the cases. Emphasis on proper diagnosis and management options for these syndromes using specific restorative approaches has never been greater in light of the current nationwide opioid epidemic. This volume focuses on non-opioid and mostly non-pharmacological management methods for painful syndromes affecting the shoulder girdle, arm, and hand. The discussions will be highly relevant and useful for providers in primary care settings as well as specialty care providers.

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23

MacDuffie, Carrington, and Michaela Haas Phd. Bouncing Forward Lib/E: Transforming Bad Breaks Into Breakthroughs. Blackstone Publishing, 2015.

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24

Costandi, Moheb. Body Am I. The MIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/10500.001.0001.

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Анотація:

How the way we perceive our bodies plays a critical role in the way we perceive ourselves: stories of phantom limbs, rubber hands, anorexia, and other phenomena. The body is central to our sense of identity. It can be a canvas for self-expression, decorated with clothing, jewelry, cosmetics, tattoos, and piercings. But the body is more than that. Bodily awareness, says scientist-writer Moheb Costandi, is key to self-consciousness. In Body Am I, Costandi examines how the brain perceives the body, how that perception translates into our conscious experience of the body, and how that experience contributes to our sense of self. Along the way, he explores what can happen when the mechanisms of bodily awareness are disturbed, leading to such phenomena as phantom limbs, alien hands, and amputee fetishes. Costandi explains that the brain generates maps and models of the body that guide how we perceive and use it, and that these maps and models are repeatedly modified and reconstructed. Drawing on recent bodily awareness research, the new science of self-consciousness, and historical milestones in neurology, he describes a range of psychiatric and neurological disorders that result when body and brain are out of sync, including not only the well-known phantom limb syndrome but also phantom breast and phantom penis syndromes; body integrity identity disorder, which compels a person to disown and then amputate a healthy arm or leg; and such eating disorders as anorexia. Wide-ranging and meticulously researched, Body Am I (the title comes from Nietzsche's Thus Spoke Zarathustra) offers new insight into self-consciousness by describing it in terms of bodily awareness.

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25

Johnston, Linda O., and Carla Mercer-Meyer. Bad to the Bone Lib/E: A Barkery & Biscuits Mystery. Blackstone Publishing, 2019.

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26

London, Eric, Savannah Peachwood, and Sienna Valentine. Pride Lib/E: A Bad Boy and Amish Girl Romance. Tantor Audio, 2016.

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27

Kahn, S. Lowell. Reverse Deployment of the Gore Excluder Contralateral Iliac Limbs for Aortoiliac Interventions. Edited by S. Lowell Kahn, Bulent Arslan, and Abdulrahman Masrani. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199986071.003.0009.

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Анотація:

Aortoiliac occlusive disease and aneurysmal disease are common pathologies encountered by the interventionalist. There are a multitude of commercially available bifurcated grafts for use in aortoiliac disease, but these devices are costly and require at least a 14 Fr femoral access for deployment. This chapter describes a simple and safe method for reversing deployment of the Excluder contralateral limb. This has great utility not only for aortoiliac interventions but also for central venous stenoses/occlusions. Reversal of the limb allows a proximal diameter of 12–27 mm with a fixed distal diameter of 16 mm. The technique requires use of a 12–15 Fr sheath, most commonly a 12 Fr sheath.

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28

Kinsman, Kat. Hi, Anxiety Lib/E: Life with a Bad Case of Nerves. Harpercollins, 2016.

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29

Donaghy, Michael. Polyneuropathy. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0453.

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Typically polyneuropathy will cause the combination of distal limb muscle weakness, loss of tendon reflexes, and reduced distal limb sensation. There is variable involvement of the autonomic innervation, damage to which causes a dry, vasodilated foot or hand. Loss of tendon reflexes is a cardinal sign of polyneuropathy, often restricted to the ankle jerks in axonal degeneration, but involving more proximal reflexes in acquired demyelinating neuropathies which may involve more proximal segments or the nerve roots. Clinical features suggestive of demyelinating or conduction block polyneuropathy include: a relative lack of muscle wasting in relation to the degree of weakness because no denervation has occurred; weakness of proximal muscles as well as distal, because of nerve root involvement; and disproportionate loss of joint position and vibration sensations compared to relative preservation of pain and temperature sensations which are carried by unmyelinated fibres.

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30

Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. An 18-Year-Old Male with Slowly Progressive Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0028.

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Slow progression of proximal weakness in an adult may suggest Becker muscular dystrophy, but limb-girdle muscular dystrophy needs to be considered. This chapter discusses a diagnostic approach that includes the utility of ever-evolving genetic tests. Electromyography is helpful in cases of suspected muscular dystrophy without a family history, if creatine kinase levels are low, or in evaluation of possible female carriers for BMD who are symptomatic. Management considerations are also outlined. A muscular dystrophy clinic with a multidisciplinary approach is helpful for coordination of care. A consult from a clinical geneticist is often very helpful.

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31

Ellen, Weiss. Oh Beans!: Starring Lima Bean/Can a Bad Player Be a Good Sport (Oh Beans). Troll Communications Llc, 1988.

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32

Amirfeyz, Rouin, Simon Kelley, Martin Gargan, and Gordon Bannister. Whiplash-associated disorders. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.012041.

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♦ Whiplash costs UK economy approximately £3.64 billion per year♦ Most occur after rear end vehicle collision♦ Patients present with neck pain and stiffness, occipital headache, thoracolumbar back pain and upper limb pain and parasthesia♦ Over 66% make a full recovery but 2% will be permanently disabled♦ The outcome can be predicted in 70% after three months.

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33

Scullin, Kevin, and Philip C. Plait. Bad Astronomy Lib/E: Misconceptions and Misuses Revealed, from Astrology to the Moon Landing Hoax. Tantor Audio, 2020.

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34

Suetonius. How to Be a Bad Emperor Lib/E: An Ancient Guide to Truly Terrible Leaders. HighBridge Audio, 2020.

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35

Doyle, Sady, and Chloe Cannon. Dead Blondes and Bad Mothers Lib/E: Monstrosity, Patriarchy, and the Fear of Female Power. HighBridge Audio, 2019.

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36

Paul, Manan. A three-dimensional numerical model to predict temperature and degree of calcination in the solids bed in lime kilns. 2004.

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37

Wolf, Virginia, and Avery Neal. If He's So Great, Why Do I Feel So Bad? Lib/E: Recognizing and Overcoming Subtle Abuse. Tantor Audio, 2018.

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38

Murinova, Natalia, and Daniel Krashin. Susceptibility of Peripheral Nerves in Diabetes to Compression and Implications in Pain Treatment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190626761.003.0006.

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Анотація:

Diabetes affects a large and growing percentage of the population in most countries of the world. Diabetes causes many different health problems, but among the most severe and disabling is peripheral neuropathy. This progressive, often painful nerve condition causes suffering and disability and also predisposes patients to developing musculoskeletal deformities and foot ulcers that may threaten life and limb. This chapter reviews briefly the significance of this condition, the underlying pathophysiology, and surgical considerations. Surgical decompression is a possible treatment for this neuropathy and may help prevent disastrous complications of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. However, foot surgery in the setting of diabetic peripheral neuropathy also carries significant risks.

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39

Cunniff, Christopher, and Raoul C. Hennekam. Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0038.

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Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, characteristic face, genital and distal limb anomalies, and intellectual disability. There is a weak correlation between the metabolic disturbances with clinical severity and with genotype, but wide ranges exist within each group. SLOS is infrequently described in adults. The associated malformations are usually treated in infancy and childhood and have only limited influences in adulthood. Main physical problems are scoliosis and pectus formation, sun sensitivity, and disturbed hearing and vision. Rarely adrenal insufficiency is present. Marked cognitive impairment and behavioral problems including self-harm and aggressive outbursts may have a significant impact on quality of life. Cholesterol supplementation decreases sun sensitivity, but cognition and behavior seem to respond less well.

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40

Hammer, Joshua, and Paul Boehmer. The Bad-Ass Librarians of Timbuktu Lib/E: And Their Race to Save the World's Most Precious Manuscripts. HighBridge Audio, 2016.

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41

Sukhtankar, Priya, Julia Clark, and Saul N. Faust. Bone and joint infections in children. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0099.

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Анотація:

Bone and joint infections in children are uncommon, but they affect all ages and there is a wide range of disease. The mode of infection may be haematogenous or by direct inoculation from a wound. The child may present acutely unwell or with a chronic infection. Clinical features include fever, reluctance to move the affected limb, pain, and swelling. Laboratory tests and medical imaging are used to confirm diagnosis. Medical treatment is with initial intravenous antibiotic therapy, usually followed by oral treatment. Surgical treatment may be necessary if abscess or joint collection is present. In general prognosis is good with timely initiation of treatment, although complications such as pathological fracture are occasionally seen.

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42

Figorilli, Michela, Monica Puligheddu, and Raffaele Ferri. Scoring guidelines for sleep-related movements. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0010.

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Анотація:

This chapter focuses on available and validated scoring guidelines for sleep-related movements, such as periodic limb movements, alternating legs movements, rhythmic movements, sleep bruxism, sleep myoclonus, and REM behavior disorder. Some scoring methods have recently been updated with the use of computerized and automatic techniques; others are based on old criteria derived from visual analysis of events recorded on paper. Further studies are needed to develop and validate automatic scoring methods and to assess their reliability and usefulness for both research purposes and clinical practice. Moreover, scoring methods and related cut-off values have to be validated, not only against controls, but also in specific populations, such as patients with Parkinson disease and REM behavior disorder.

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43

Gradassi, Alessandro, and Federica Provini. Sleep-related movement disorders. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0023.

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Анотація:

Sleep-related movement disorders are conditions characterized by simple and usually stereotyped movements that disturb sleep. They comprise periodic limb movement disorder, nocturnal leg cramps, sleep-related bruxism, sleep-related rhythmic movement disorder, and movement disorders due to drugs or medical conditions. Some of these movements, such as bruxism, might occur during both wakefulness and sleep, but a clear worsening of the symptoms during sleep is necessary in order to include the condition among sleep-related movement disorders. Sleep-related movement disorders may occasionally be present in healthy individuals, but the manifestations must disturb sleep with daytime consequences in order to be classified within this group of disorders. Finally, sleep-related movement disorders must be distinguished from parasomnias, such as sleepwalking or rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), which normally show more complex muscular patterns and behaviors.

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44

Barrie, Zara, and Gail Shalan. Girl, Stop Passing Out in Your Makeup Lib/E: The Bad Girl's Guide to Getting Your Sh*t Together. HighBridge Audio, 2020.

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45

Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 39-Year-Old Man with Low Back Pain and Scapular Winging. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0023.

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Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is the third most common muscular dystrophy, following Duchenne muscular dystrophy and myotonic dystrophy. The clinical secerity is extremely variable, with symptom onset anywhere from infancy to middle adulthood. The cardinal clinical features of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy include facial weakness and scapular winging. Other important examination findings including scalloping of the trapezius, “Popeye” forearms, horizontal axillary folds, and a positive Beevor’s sign. It can rarely present as a pattern of weakness mimicking limb-girdle muscular dystrophy with approximately 20% of patients eventually requiring a wheelchair for ambulation. Creatine kinase is normal or mildly elevated. Genetic testing for the D4Z4 repeat contraction on chromosome 4q35 detects 95% of cases but may not reflect severity of the disease.

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46

Wijdicks, Eelco F. M., and Sarah L. Clark. Drugs Used to Prevent Complications. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190684747.003.0017.

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Анотація:

Comprehensive neurosciences nursing care goes far in providing optimal support, but the acute immobilization and anticipated prolonged bed rest requires the use of prophylactic drugs. Many options relate to failure to move limbs, failure to breathe adequately and placement of intravenous catheters This chapter covers the more critical preventive measures.Prevention of deep venous thrombosis, hyperglycemia, stress ulcers, ventilator-associated pneumonia, urinary tract infections, vascular access infections, ventriculitis, and post-craniotomy infections are discussed in this chapter. Pharmacists assist in effective stewardship and surveillance of critically ill patients by helping select the appropriate antibiotics, determining the need for drug levels, and initiating or stopping preventative medications.

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47

Stephens, Paul, and Roderick Dunn. Soft tissue injuries of the hand. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757689.003.0006.

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Анотація:

Soft tissue injuries of the hand are common and may present variously to therapists, general practice, emergency departments, or surgeons. Simple injuries can be treated without specialist input, but the majority of hand trauma should be referred to dedicated hand surgery centres. Diagnostic error and delayed specialist treatment may lead to poor outcomes and long-term disability. This chapter provides a detailed overview for non-specialists, as well as an aide memoire for hand surgeons and hand therapists. It includes the principles of general wound care, the management of nail injuries, the treatment of extravasation and high-pressure injection injuries, and gunshot wounds. We describe different levels of upper limb amputation, as well as microvascular reconstruction (both replantation and revascularization). We also cover thermal injuries (burns and frostbite), trauma-induced cold sensitivity, and factitious injury.

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48

Orlikowski, David, and Tarek Sharshar. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and assessment of neuromuscular syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0243.

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Анотація:

Admission to ICU with severe limb weakness, or the occurrence of a respiratory or motor deficit, and failure to wean from mechanical ventilation while in the intensive care unit are common presentations of a neuromuscular disease. Neuromuscular diseases include neuronopathies, neuropathies, myasthenic syndromes, and myopathies. An accurate neurological examination and complementary investigations are necessary for both diagnosis and for evaluating the severity of the disease. Assessment of respiratory muscle function is a key step in deciding the need for mechanical ventilation and subsequently its weaning. Hypercapnia often indicates an impending respiratory arrest, but normocapnia, which can be seen in a patient with severe reduction in vital capacity is not reassuring. Hypoxaemia can be due to hypercapnia, pulmonary injury (atelectasis or pneumonia), or pulmonary embolism. Cardiac evaluation is important as cardiomyopathies are frequent in myopathies.

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49

Giele, Henk. Children’s hand trauma. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.014007.

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♦ This chapter reinforces that children are not small adults and the management of these injuries must consider the effect on growth and development♦ Nail bed injuries require microsurgical repair if permanent deformity is to be avoided♦ Every attempt should be made to replace amputated digits, whatever the level of amputation♦ Good results are the common outcome in children’s fractures unless complicated by surgical intervention or infection. However, angulation, rotation, and intra-articular deformities should be corrected where possible♦ All children with deep lacerations of the upper limb should have a general anaesthetic for adequate exploration and repair of the wound♦ A high index of suspicion of nerve injury should exist when assessing hand lacerations, and the outcome of early surgical repair is good.

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50

De Los Santos, Marco, and Max Hirshkowitz. Scoring of sleep stages, breathing, and arousals. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0008.

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Анотація:

This chapter summarizes scoring guidelines for sleep stages, breathing (airflow and respiratory effort), and arousals based on the principles enumerated by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). Current established clinical standards are largely based on those published by the AASM and rules implemented by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid services in the USA. These rules include scoring of rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep stages, central nervous system (CNS) arousals, and breathing events. Other clinically relevant polysomnographic events exist (eg, limb movements, bruxism, and electrocardiographic events) but such events are beyond the scope of this chapter. The material presented in this chapter can serve as a framework to provide general information to patients and clinicians about methods of performing the tests and gathering summary data.

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